Using identifiers to establish communication

Use identification code to establish communication

USING IDENTIFIERS TO ESTABLISH COMMUNICATION

This application is generally about communication and more specifically, but not exclusively, it is about resolving confusion associated with communication nodes.

Claim priority in accordance with 35 USC §119

This application claims the rights and priority of the following U.S. provisional patent applications: U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/988,646 filed on November 16, 2007 and jointly owned by the designated agent file number 072326P1; June 2008 The U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/059,654 filed on the 6th and assigned the attorney file number 081769P1; The U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/074,114 filed on June 19, 2008 and assigned the attorney file number 081869P1; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/074,935 filed on June 23, 2008 and assigned attorney file number 081893P1; the disclosure of each of these provisional patent applications is hereby incorporated by reference middle.

Cross-reference relevant applications

This application is related to the United States Patent Application No. 12/269,666, which is named "RESOLVING NODE IDENTIFIER CONFUSION," and was filed and jointly owned by the assigned agent file number 072326. The disclosure of the case This is hereby incorporated by reference.

<b>introduction</b>

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication (for example, voice, data, multimedia services, etc.) for multiple users. With the rapid increase in requirements for high-speed and multimedia data services, there is a challenge to implement an effective and robust communication system with enhanced performance.

In order to supplement the conventional mobile phone network base station (for example, a macro cell), a small coverage base station (for example, installed in a user's home) can be deployed to provide the mobile unit with more robust indoor wireless coverage. These small coverage base stations are usually called access point base stations, home NodeBs, or femtocells. Usually, these small coverage base stations are connected to the Internet and mobile operators' networks via DSL routers or cable modems.

In practice, there may be a relatively large number of base stations (e.g., femto cells) deployed in a given area (e.g., within the coverage area of a given macro cell). In this situation, an effective technology is needed to identify these base stations so that other nodes in the network can communicate with these base stations.

A summary of the sample state of this disclosure is as follows. It should be understood that any reference to the term aspect herein can refer to one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure involves solving the confusion associated with node identification codes in some aspects. For example, a limited number of node identification codes can be defined in the network so that more than one node (e.g., access points) in the network can be assigned the same identification code. Therefore, when the access terminal is handed over from the source node to the target node, confusion about the identity of the target node may occur. Various techniques to resolve this confusion are described in this article.

In some aspects, the access terminal to be handed over to the target node can resolve the confusion related to the target node by extracting the unique identification code associated with the target node. In some embodiments, the access terminal sends this unique identification code to the source node that initiated the handover operation. In other embodiments, the access terminal uses a unique identification code to initiate the handover operation.

The access terminal can be configured to detect confusion. In some situations, the access terminal autonomously detects confusion. For example, the access terminal can monitor the identification code associated with the received signal and generate a measurement report indicating that multiple nodes are using the same identification code.

As another example, a signal threshold can be assigned to a set of identification codes that have been identified as likely to be subject to confusion. This threshold value can then be used to trigger the extraction of a more unique identification code or trigger the confusion determination operation at the source node.

In some situations, the access terminal detects confusion in response to the request. For example, the source node may periodically send a message to the access terminal requesting the access terminal to send confusion related information via the measurement report.

The access point can be configured to detect confusion. For example, the access point can detect confusion based on neighbor discovery, the target node identified in the handover request, or the received configuration information. After detecting the confusion, the access point can send a message to the access terminal requesting the access terminal to retrieve a unique identification code to resolve the confusion. In some cases, this message can instruct the access terminal to use a unique identification code to initiate a handover operation.

When the access terminal directly accesses the target node, the confusion resolution method can also be used. For example, in the case that the access terminal establishes communication with the target node before the resource used for the access terminal is retrieved by the target node, the access terminal can send the unique identification code for the source node To the target node. In this way, even when the node identification code used by the source node may be confused, the target node can retrieve appropriate resources from the source node.

These and other sample aspects of this disclosure will be described in the following embodiments and the scope of additional patent applications.

Various aspects of the present disclosure are described below. It should be obvious that the teachings in this article can be embodied in various forms, and any specific structure, function, or both disclosed in this article are only representative. Based on the teachings in this article, those familiar with the technology should understand that the aspects disclosed in this article can be implemented independently of any other aspects and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of the aspects described herein can be used to implement a device or practice a method. In addition, other structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from one or more of the aspects described herein may be used to implement this device or practice this method. In addition, an aspect may include at least one element of a claim.

Figure 1 illustrates several nodes in a sample communication system 100 (e.g., part of a communication network). For illustrative purposes, various aspects of the present disclosure will be described in the context of one or more of the access terminals, access points, and network nodes in communication with each other. However, it should be understood that the teachings herein can be applied to other types of devices or other similar devices referred to using other terms (eg, base station, user equipment, etc.).

The access point in the system 100 provides one or more services for one or more wireless terminals (e.g., access terminal 102) that can be installed in an associated geographic area or can roam through an associated geographic area ( For example, network connectivity). For example, at various points in time, the access terminal 102 can be connected to any of the set of access point 104, access point 1-N (indicated by access points 106 and 108 and the associated ellipsis). One or access point 110. Each of the access points 104-110 may communicate with one or more network nodes (represented by the network node 112 for convenience) to facilitate wide area network connectivity. These network nodes can take various forms, such as one or more radio and/or core network entities (for example, a configuration manager, a mobility management entity, or some other suitable network entity).

Each access point in the system 100 is assigned a first type of identification code (referred to herein as a node identification code). In various embodiments, this identification code may include, for example, a physical cell identification code ("PCID"), a pseudo-random number ("PN") offset, or a captured pilot. Generally, a fixed amount (eg, 504) of node identification codes is defined in a given system. In this situation, confusion can occur when the number of access points exceeds the number of node identification codes. Figure 1 illustrates a simple example of this situation, where both the access point 106 and the access point 110 are assigned "identification code 1".

When the access terminal 102 is roaming in the system 100, the access terminal 102 may be handed over from one access point (for example, the access point 104) to another access point (for example, the access point 110). The decision to hand over the access terminal 102 to the access point 110 may be based on whether the access terminal 102 is receiving a particularly strong signal from the access point 110. Here, the access terminal 102 recognizes the signals from the access point 110 by means of node identification codes associated with (for example, embedded in their signals). In order to realize the handover, various information maintained by the source access point 104 (the access point to which the access terminal is currently connected) is transferred to the target access point 110. In the absence of confusion, this can be achieved by using the node identification code ("identification code 1") associated with the access point 110. However, when confusion does exist (as in the example of FIG. 1), the access point 104 cannot determine whether the information should be sent to the access point 106 or the access point 110.

In order to resolve confusions such as this confusion, the access terminal 102 and/or the access point 104 are configured to detect the confusion and determine the second type of identification code associated with the access point 110. In some aspects, the second type of identification code includes a unique identification code. For example, the identification code of the second type may be unique in a larger area than the identification code of the first type. In some embodiments, the identification code of the second type may be unique throughout the operator's network. In various embodiments, the unique identification code may include, for example, a global cell identification code ("GCI"), an access node identification code ("ANID"), a sector identification code, an Internet protocol address, or a unique Some other identification code to identify the access point 110 in the network.

In some embodiments, the access terminal 102 includes a confusion detector 114 that can detect actual or possible confusion between nodes in the system 100. After the confusion is detected, the access terminal 102 (for example, the unique identification code controller 116) can retrieve the unique identification code. For example, the access terminal 102 can monitor a signal including a unique identification code broadcast by the access point 110. After detecting the confusion, the access terminal 102 can also notify the access point 104 of the confusion and/or the unique identification code.

In some embodiments, the access point 104 includes an obfuscation controller 118 that can detect actual or possible obfuscation between nodes in the system 100. For example, the confusion controller 118 may autonomously detect confusion or, after receiving an indication of confusion from the access terminal 102, the confusion controller 118 may take other steps to determine whether there is confusion. In the event that confusion is detected, the access point 104 can request the access terminal 102 to retrieve a unique identification code.

Once the confusion is resolved as discussed above, the access point 104 (eg, the handover controller 120) can initiate the handover operation based on the unique identification code. In this way, the access terminal 102 can be effectively handed over to the desired target access point. As will be described below, in some embodiments, the access terminal 102 (for example, by the operation of the handover controller (not shown)) can initiate the handover operation based on the unique identification code (for example, once the confusion is resolved) ).

The obfuscation described above can occur in a network 200 as shown in FIG. 2, where some access points provide macro coverage and other access points provide less coverage. Here, the macro coverage area 204 may be from, for example, a macro access point of a large area cellular network (such as a 3G network) commonly referred to as a macro cell network or a wide area network ("WAN"). supply. In addition, the smaller coverage area 206 may be provided by, for example, an access point in a residential or building-based network environment commonly referred to as a local area network ("LAN"). When the access terminal ("AT") moves within this network, the access terminal can be served by the access point that provides the macro coverage in a specific location, and the access terminal can be provided by the access point in other locations. Access points covered by a small area are served. In some aspects, smaller area coverage access points can be used to provide incremental capacity growth, in-building coverage, and different services, all of which result in a more robust user experience.

In the description herein, nodes that provide coverage over a relatively large area (e.g., access points) can be referred to as macro nodes, and nodes that provide coverage over a relatively small area (e.g., residences) can be referred to as Femto node. It should be understood that the teachings in this article can be applied to nodes associated with other types of coverage areas. For example, a pico node may provide coverage on an area smaller than a macro area and larger than a femto area (e.g., coverage in a commercial building). In various applications, other terms can be used to refer to macro nodes, femto nodes, or other access point types of nodes. For example, a macro node can be configured or referred to as an access node, base station, access point, eNodeB, macro cell, and so on. In addition, a femto node can be configured or referred to as a home NodeB, a home eNodeB, an access point base station, a femto cell, and so on. In some embodiments, a node may be associated with one or more cells or sectors (e.g., divided into one or more cells or sectors). A cell or sector associated with a macro node, a femto node, or a pico node may be referred to as a macro cell, a femto cell, or a pico cell, respectively.

In the example of FIG. 2, several tracking areas 202 (or routing areas or location areas) are defined, and each of these areas includes several macro coverage areas 204. Here, the covered area associated with the tracking areas 202A, 202B, and 202C is outlined by a thick line and the macro covered area 204 is represented by a hexagon. As mentioned above, the tracking area 202 may also include the femto coverage area 206. In this example, each of the femto coverage areas 206 (e.g., femto coverage area 206C) is depicted as being within one or more macro coverage areas 204 (e.g., macro coverage area 204B). However, it should be understood that the femto coverage area 206 may not be entirely within the macro coverage area 204. Furthermore, one or more pico or femto coverage areas (not shown) can be defined in a given tracking area 202 or macro coverage area 204.

In deployments where a large number of access points such as femto and pico nodes are located in a given area (eg, dense urban deployment), two or more of these access points may be assigned the same node identification code. For example, in the macro coverage area 204A, the femto coverage areas 206A and 206D may be assigned the same identification code. In this situation, node identification code confusion (for example, PCID confusion) may occur because multiple adjacent nodes near the servo access point of the access terminal announce the same node identification code. For example, in FIG. 1, the access points 106 and 110 may include femto nodes or pico nodes that announce "identification code 1" via respective broadcast pilot signals. In addition, two of these access points may be near the access point 104 (for example, the macro access point) of the current server access terminal 102. In this situation, the access point 104 can know both the access points 106 and 110, and therefore, confusion may occur when indicating the handover to the access point identified by the "identification code 1".

Generally speaking, the confusion resolution techniques described in this article can be applied to any type of node. However, in many deployments, the macro access points in a given area will be planned so that there will be no confusion associated with the handover to the macro access point. Under these conditions, the confusion resolution techniques taught in this article can be applied to any non-macro node in the network. Such non-macro nodes may include, for example, nodes that are deployed in an unplanned manner. As described above, the non-macro nodes may include femto nodes (for example, deployed by individuals) and low-power femto nodes deployed by operators. Also, as will be discussed in more detail below, nodes may be restricted in some way (e.g., restricted access). Therefore, the confusion resolution techniques taught in this article can be applied to restricted nodes (for example, nodes associated with closed user groups).

Keeping in mind the above overview, we will refer to Figures 3 to 13 to describe various techniques that can be used to resolve confusion based on the teachings in this article. In short, Figure 3 illustrates several components that can be used in an access point or an access terminal and the flowcharts in Figures 4-13 relate to various techniques for solving confusion.

For illustrative purposes, the operations of FIGS. 4-13 (or any other operations discussed or taught herein) may be described as being composed of specific components (for example, the components of the system 100 and/or the components shown in FIG. 3) To execute. However, it should be understood that these operations can be performed by other types of components and can be performed using a different number of components. It should also be understood that one or more of the operations described herein may not be used in a given embodiment.

Figure 3 illustrates several sample components that can be incorporated into nodes such as the access terminal 102 and the access point 104 to perform confusion resolution operations as taught herein. The described components can also be incorporated into other nodes in the communication system. For example, other nodes in the system may include components similar to those described for the access terminal 102 and the access point 104 to provide similar functionality. A given node may contain one or more of the described components. For example, the access terminal may contain multiple transceiver components that enable the access terminal to operate on multiple frequencies and/or communicate via different technologies.

As shown in FIG. 3, the access terminal 102 and the access point 104 may include transceivers 302 and 304 for communicating with other nodes, respectively. The transceiver 302 includes a transmitter 306 for sending signals (e.g., messages) and a receiver 308 for receiving signals (e.g., including searching for pilot signals). The transceiver 304 includes a transmitter 310 for transmitting signals and a receiver 312 for receiving signals.

The access terminal 102 and the access point 104 also include other components that can be used in conjunction with the confusion resolution operations as taught herein. For example, the access terminal 102 and the access point may respectively include communication for managing communication with other nodes (for example, sending and receiving messages/instructions) and for providing other related functions as taught in this article. Controllers 314 and 316. The access terminal 102 and/or the access point 104 may respectively include confusion detectors 318 and 320 for detecting confusion and for providing other related functionality as taught herein. The access terminal 102 and/or the access point 104 may respectively include identification codes for managing (for example, selecting, extracting, requesting, etc.) node identification codes and for providing identification code control for other related functionalities as taught hereinDevice322 and 324. The following describes the sample operation of the other components in Figure 3.

For convenience, the access point 104 and the access terminal 102 are shown in FIG. 3 as including components that can be used in the various examples described below in conjunction with FIGS. 4-13. In practice, one or more of the illustrated components may not be used in a given instance. As an example, in some embodiments, the access terminal 102 may not include the confusion detector 318 and in some embodiments, the access point 104 may not include the confusion detector 320.

Now referring to Figures 4 and 5, in some aspects, the use of the second type of identification code (for example, ANID, GCI, etc.) can be specified in combination with handover or other operations to solve the problem with the first type of identification code ( For example, PN offset, PCID, etc.) associated confusion.

This solution can be used, for example, when an access terminal connected to a macro access point initiates a search for nearby femto nodes (e.g., home femto nodes). When the access terminal detects a signal from the femto node, the access terminal can obtain the first type of identification code (for example, pilot ID, sector ID, PCID, etc.) from the signal. If the received signal strength is higher than the threshold and/or the access terminal is authorized to access the discovered femto node (for example, the access point is listed in the preferred roaming list of the access terminal), save The access terminal can add this access point to the effective set of the access terminal.

The first access terminal that opens the route for this femto node from the macro access point will create the first type of identification code and the second type of identification code (for example, ANID, GCI, etc.) at the macro access point ) Is a mapping between. Here, after receiving the identification code of the second type from the access terminal, the macro access point can start the neighbor discovery of the femto node.

The existence of subsequent femto nodes with the same identification code of the first type in the macro coverage will cause the macro access point to determine that there are multiple access points using the common identification code of the first type (that is, the detection of related The confusion of this identification code). Here, the macro access point can be discovered by, for example, neighbors or by receiving messages from an access terminal that has found confusion to discover the existence of these other femto nodes. Whenever a macro access point receives a message that includes an identification code subject to confusion (for example, route opening), it can then always request an identification code of the second type. When the second type of identification code is received from the access terminal, the macro access point can start the neighbor discovery of the femto node.

In addition, as an optimization, in some embodiments, the access terminal can send a message with a second type of identification code according to a preset. For example, when an access terminal sends a routing open or other message to its home femto node, it can always use the second type of identification code.

Initially referring to FIG. 4, as represented by step 402, the access point (e.g., access point 104) receives a message from the access terminal, where the message is for the node identified by the first node identification code (e.g., Such as the target node of the access point 110). For example, as discussed above, the access terminal may receive a route open request including a PN offset or some other type of message including some other type of identification code. It should be understood that this message can take various forms. For example, in various embodiments, the message may include a message for setting up resources for handover, a handover request, a valid set addition request, an interference management message, a signal strength measurement report, or a message for saving at least one resource .

As indicated by step 404, the access point determines whether another node is identified by the first node identification code. The access point can detect this confusion in various ways. For example, as discussed above, the access point may receive a message from one or more access terminals indicating the identification code used by the neighboring node. In some cases, the access point can perform neighbor discovery and determine that two or more neighboring nodes use the same identification code. In some cases, the access point may receive configuration information indicating which identification codes are being used by neighbors of the access point (e.g., freely represented by the configuration manager represented by node 112 in FIG. 1). In some cases, the operation of step 404 may include determining whether the identification code is a list of identification codes maintained by the access point. As discussed herein, this list of identification codes can include, for example, identification codes that are not guaranteed to be free from confusion, identification codes that may be subject to confusion, or identification codes that have been determined to be subject to confusion. In some aspects, the list of identification codes may include a range of identification code values.

As indicated by steps 406 and 408, if confusion is not detected, the access point can perform an appropriate operation (for example, a handover operation) based on the first node identification code.

As indicated by step 410, if confusion is detected, the access point sends a message to the access terminal, which specifies that the terminal will use the second node identification code (for example, ANID) to establish a connection with the nodeItcommunication. This message can take various forms. For example, the message may include a rejection message that instructs the access terminal to use a different identification code (for example, route open rejection).

As represented by step 412, the access point can then receive a message including the second node identification code from the access terminal. The access point can perform an appropriate operation (for example, a handover operation) based on the second node identification code. In some embodiments, this may involve tunneling the message including the second node identification code to the target node.

In some aspects, the operation of FIG. 4 involves saving resources via backloading for handover operations (for example, combined with an active set addition operation). In addition, because nodes subject to confusion may be restricted in some aspects (for example, restricted for association or restricted in some other way as discussed below), these operations may also involve saving resources for restricted useofnode.

Figure 5, in some aspects, involves specifying the use of non-obfuscated identification codes to establish communication with nodes. In some aspects, these operations may be complementary to some operations in FIG. 4.

As represented by step 502, the access terminal (for example, the access terminal 102) chooses to transmit the message to the target node identified by the first node identification code. As mentioned above in step 402, this message can be sent via the associated access point (e.g., access point 104).

As indicated by step 504, the access terminal determines whether another node can be identified by the first node identification code. This determination can be made in various ways. As discussed above, the access terminal may have sent a message using the first node identification code to the access point 104 and received a message from the access point 104 indicating that there is confusion (and specifies the use of the second node identification code). In some cases, this determination may involve attempting to communicate with the target node and receiving a message from the target node indicating that the communication is unauthorized. Because the node identification code is confused and the context used to access the terminal is sent to a node different from the target node we want, this rejection message can be received. In addition, the access terminal can recognize confusion based on the signal it receives from neighboring access points indicating the identification codes used by those access points.

As indicated by steps 506 and 508, if confusion is not detected, the access terminal can use the first node identification code to establish communication with the target node.

As indicated by step 510, if confusion is detected, the access terminal can use the second node identification code to establish communication with the target node.

In addition, as represented by step 512, the access terminal can be configured to use the second node identification code to establish communication with the target node. For example, the access terminal can be configured in this way after the access terminal detects confusion. Or, as discussed in this article, the access terminal may send the second node identification code according to a preset.

In some aspects, FIG. 6 involves saving a subset of the node identification code space (for example, PCID space) of non-macro nodes to simplify the confusion resolution method. In this way, the node receiving the identification code from the subset can easily determine that confusion is possible or very likely. In some embodiments, the subset includes a set of specified values associated with access points that are specified not to avoid confusion. In some embodiments, the subset includes a set of designated values associated with a closed user group (e.g., as discussed below). In some embodiments, the subset includes a set of specified values associated with access points of at least one specified type (eg, node type). This designated type may involve, for example, one or more of the following: transmission power, coverage area, or relay capability.

As represented by step 602, the access terminal (e.g., access terminal 102) receives a list of node identification codes. This list may include, for example, a subset of the node identifiers discussed above. In some embodiments, the list may be received from a server access point that advertises the list (e.g., access point 104). In some embodiments, the target access point or some other access point (for example, via neighbor list information) can announce that the second type of identification code (for example, GCI) will be used when accessing the target access point. instruct. In some embodiments, this list can be received from a configuration manager (e.g., network node 112) that tracks a saved set of nodes assigned an identification code from the list.

As indicated by step 604, the access terminal determines the first identification code used to communicate with the target access point. For example, as discussed herein, this identification code can be received via a pilot signal or some other suitable signal.

As represented by step 606, the access terminal may determine (e.g., autonomously) whether to use the second identification code (e.g., GCI) to establish communication with the access point. In some aspects, this determination may be based on the first identification code (for example, by determining the type of the first identification code). For example, if the identification code obtained in step 604 is on the list obtained in step 602, the access terminal may retrieve the second identification code. Here, capturing the second identification code may include monitoring other signals (from the target access point) containing the second identification code. As an example, the target access point may not broadcast the second identification code at frequent intervals as the target access point broadcasts the first identification code.

As indicated by step 608, the access terminal may transmit a message including the second identification code to establish communication with the target access point. This message can take various forms in various situations. For example, the message may include a signal strength measurement message, a radio resource report, or a handover request. In a typical embodiment, the access terminal (for example, the access terminal 102) includes the associated PCID and the measurement report sent by the access terminal to its server access point (for example, the access point 104) GCI value. In addition, as described below in conjunction with FIG. 7, under certain circumstances, the access terminal can send this information to the target access point.

As indicated by step 610, when receiving this information, the servo access point can use the GCI value to initiate the handover procedure. Therefore, the serving access point will set up resources at the target cell and send a handover command to the access terminal.

Figure 7 involves in some aspects the selection of an identification code to be provided to the target access point, where the identification code is associated with the source access point. For example, in a situation where the access terminal directly accesses the target access point without prior handover preparation, the access terminal can use the GCI of the source access point. In this situation, when the access terminal accesses the target access point, the access terminal may include the GCI of the source access point. This situation allows the target access point to resolve any confusion about the identity of the source access point. The target access point can then obtain the context for accessing the terminal from the appropriate source access point and complete the handover. These operations are described in steps 704-708 in FIG. 7.

As represented by step 704, the access terminal selects an identification code (for example, a first identification code such as PCID and a second identification code such as GCI) associated with the source access point (for example, access point 104) The identification code in the set (for example, GCI). In some aspects, in a manner similar to that discussed above in conjunction with FIG. 6, the selection of the second identification code can be based on whether the first identification code is In the list of received identification codes (for example, designated as not avoiding confusion, based on the node type of the access point, etc.). As mentioned above, in some aspects, the selection of the second identification code may be based on the loss of communication with the source access point (eg, access point 104).

As indicated by step 706, when the access terminal establishes communication with the target access point, the access terminal transmits the selected identification code to the target access point. For example, the access terminal can include the GCI of the source access point in the connection request message.

As represented by step 708, the target access point can then use the selected identification code to establish communication with the source access point and/or obtain configuration information from the source access point. In this way, the target access point can obtain the context information of the access terminal to complete the handover.

In some aspects, FIG. 8 involves operations performed by the access point and/or the access terminal in conjunction with detecting and resolving node identification code confusion. In some aspects, these operations are complementary to those described above in connection with FIG. 5.

As represented by step 802, the access point (for example, the access point 104) determines whether a plurality of nodes use the same identification code, where the identification code is of the first type (for example, PCID). As mentioned above, the access point can detect the confusion based on measurement reports, neighbor discovery, and received messages.

As indicated by steps 804 and 806, if confusion is not detected, the access point can continue normal operation. For example, the access point can determine whether to perform the handover based on the identification code of the first type received through the measurement report.

As represented by step 808, if obfuscation is detected, the access point can issue a request to obtain a second type of identification code associated with the first type of identification code that is subject to obfuscation. For example, if the obfuscated PCID is received via a measurement report from the access terminal (for example, the access terminal 102), the access point can send a request to the access terminal to retrieve the relevant PCID United GCI. The access terminal can then, for example, retrieve the GCI as discussed herein.

As indicated by step 810, the access point can then receive a response including GCI from the access terminal. Because the confusion will now be resolved (e.g., at the access point), at step 812, the received GCI can be used (e.g., by the access point) to initiate the handover operation.

Figures 9A and 9B involve the use of threshold values to trigger the extraction of unique identification codes (for example, GCI) in some aspects. In some situations, the access terminal can autonomously determine when to retrieve the unique identification code; that is, perform this operation without being directed by another node (for example, the access point).

As represented by step 902, the access terminal may receive a defined set of identification codes of the first type (for example, the list of node identification codes described above). In some embodiments, this information may be defined and/or provided by a server access point (e.g., by the identifier controller 324) or some other node. For example, the server access point can identify all PCID identification codes that are or may be subject to confusion, and supply a list of these identification codes to the access terminal.

As represented by step 904, the access terminal can also receive the threshold value associated with the defined set of identification codes. For example, the threshold value can specify the threshold signal strength value of the received signal that triggers GCI capture by the access terminal. In some embodiments, the threshold may be defined and/or provided by the servo access point (eg, by the threshold controller 334) or some other node. For example, the threshold value can be defined as lower than the threshold value of the received signal strength that triggers the handover operation (for example, a few dB lower). In some embodiments, the threshold can be specified as the relative deviation of the signal strength from the target access point, or as the absolute threshold of the carrier-to-interference ratio ("C/I") value from the target access point .

As represented by step 906, at a certain point in time, the access terminal will receive the signal associated with the first type of identification code. As represented by step 908, the access terminal (for example, the comparator 330) can determine whether the received identification code is in the list of identification codes. In addition, the access terminal (for example, the signal processor 332, which may be implemented in the receiver 308 or operated in conjunction with the receiver 308) determines whether the received signal strength of the signal received in step 906 is greater than or equal to the threshold value.

As indicated by steps 910 and 912, if the criterion of step 908 is not met, the access terminal can continue to monitor signals from adjacent access points.

As represented by step 914, if the criterion of step 908 is satisfied, the access terminal retrieves the second type of identification code (eg, GCI) associated with the identification code received in step 906. As discussed above, this operation may involve monitoring broadcast signals with a specific periodicity.

As represented by step 916, the access terminal (for example, report generator 328) will include the identification code retrieved in steps 906 and 910 and the associated signal (for example, the signal received in step 906) The received signal strength message is sent to the access point. The message can be sent after the unique identification code is retrieved in step 910 or at some other time. In some embodiments, this information is sent in the measurement report. For example, once the received signal strength of the received signal (for example, from the target access point) exceeds the handover threshold, the report can be sent.

As indicated by step 918, since any confusion will now be resolved, the access point (for example, the handover controller 326) determines whether to initiate the handover operation based on the identification code provided in the message and the received signal strength. As discussed in this article, if a handover operation is instructed, the access point will use a unique identification code to prepare the target access point and send a handover command to the access terminal.

In some aspects, the scheme of Figure 9 proved to be advantageous in a highly mobile environment. For example, because the GCI can be read before the signal strength of the target access point is strong enough for the handover to be required, this solution can provide faster handover.

Figures 10A and 10B involve a scheme in some aspects, in which the access terminal reports the reception of signals exceeding a threshold value (for example, a GCI threshold value) to the access point. In this situation, the access point can determine whether the confusion is possible, and if the confusion is possible, direct the access terminal to retrieve a unique identification code (for example, GCI). Here, the operations of steps 1002-1012 may be similar to the operations of steps 902-912, respectively.

However, if the criterion is met in step 1010, then in step 1014, the access terminal sends a message including the identification code retrieved in step 1006 and the received signal strength of the associated signal to the access point. The message can be sent after the identification code is retrieved at step 1006 or at some other time. In some embodiments, this information is sent in the measurement report.

As indicated by step 1016, the access point determines whether confusion is likely based on the received information. For example, this determination can be based on whether multiple nodes use the same identification code. In addition, this determination may optionally be based on the received signal strength of any detected signal including this identification code.

As indicated by steps 1018 and 1020, if confusion is not detected, the access point can continue to operate normally. For example, the access point can determine whether to perform the handover based on the identification code of the first type received through the measurement report.

As indicated by step 1022, if obfuscation is detected, the access point sends a message requesting the access terminal to retrieve the unique identification code (for example, GCI) associated with the identification code subject to obfuscation to the access terminal . As represented by step 1024, the access terminal can then retrieve the identification code as discussed herein and send the identification code to the access point (e.g., via a measurement report).

As represented by steps 1026 and 1028, the access point thereby resolves confusion and determines whether to initiate a handover based on the unique identification code and received signal strength (e.g., as discussed herein).

In some aspects, FIG. 11 involves conflict detection by the access terminal (for example, autonomous detection). In detail, this solution involves an access terminal that provides measurement reports with conflicting information.

As represented by step 1102, the access terminal detects a conflict for a given identification code of the first type. For example, based on the monitored pilot signal or other suitable signal, the access terminal may determine that multiple access points use the same PCID, as discussed herein.

As represented by step 1104, the access terminal can optionally retrieve the second type of identification code (for example, GCI) associated with the conflicting identification code that has been indicated. Again, this operation can be performed as discussed above.

As represented by step 1106, the access terminal sends a measurement report, the measurement report including multiple entries for conflicting identification codes that have been indicated. For example, if two access terminals use a PCID value of 12, the measurement report may include two separate items corresponding to the PCID value of 12. In addition, the measurement report may optionally include a unique identification code (eg, GCI) associated with each of these items.

Figure 12 involves autonomous conflict detection by the access terminal in some aspects. In detail, this solution involves an access terminal that sends a measurement report when a conflict is detected.

As represented by step 1202, the access terminal detects a conflict for the given identification code of the first type. As above, the access terminal can determine that multiple access points use the same PCID based on the monitored pilot signal or other suitable signal, as discussed herein.

In some aspects, the detection of conflicts may be indicated based on whether at least two nodes are currently using the same identification code or have recently used the same identification code. For example, if the access terminal is currently receiving synchronization or pilot signals from multiple access points using the same PCID, a conflict may be indicated. In addition, if the access terminal receives synchronization or pilot signals from multiple access points within a defined time period (for example, the last 10 seconds), a conflict can be indicated. Under certain conditions, this period can be set to zero (for example, for very fast-moving access terminals). Also, if the access terminal receives synchronization or pilot signals from multiple access points during a time period associated with a defined number of transfers (eg, the last four transfers), a conflict may be indicated. This latter solution can advantageously allow slow-moving access terminals sending reports to cover the desired geographic area. In other words, this solution allows the detection of node identification codes to be repeated over a wider geographic area.

As represented by step 1204, the access terminal can optionally retrieve the second type of identification code (for example, GCI) associated with the conflicting identification code that has been indicated. Again, this can be performed as discussed above.

As indicated by step 1206, if a conflict is detected at step 1202, the access terminal sends a measurement report. In addition, the measurement report may optionally include a unique identification code (eg, GCI) associated with each of these items.

Figure 13 involves in some aspects an access terminal that provides a conflict report after the request. As indicated by step 1302, the access terminal receives the request for the conflict report. For example, the network can periodically request the access terminal to send measurement reports with conflicting information. This request may specify one or more identification codes (for example, PCID) for which conflicting information is requested. The identification code can be the identification code of the requesting node (for example, the server access point). Alternatively, the request may include a wildcard identification code, in which the access terminal is requested to report all detected conflicts. As represented by step 1304, the access terminal monitors signals from neighboring access points and detects conflicts when appropriate (step 1306). As indicated by step 1308, if a conflict is detected at step 1306, the access terminal sends a conflict report. In the case that the access terminal does not have any conflicting information, the access terminal may respond with a "no event" message or may not provide any response. It should be understood that in different embodiments, one or more of the operations in FIGS. 11-13 may be combined in various ways.

As mentioned above, the teachings in this article can be implemented in a network using macro access points and femto nodes. Figures 14 and 15 illustrate examples of ways in which access points can be deployed in this network. 14 illustrates in a simplified manner how the corresponding access point 1404 (e.g., access point 1404A-1404G) can serve the cell 1402 (e.g., macro cell 1402A-1402G) of the wireless communication system 1400. Here, the macro cell 1402 may correspond to the macro coverage area 204 of FIG. 2. As shown in Figure 14, access terminals 1406 (e.g., access terminals 1406A-1406L) can be dispersed at various locations throughout the system over time. Each access terminal 1406 can see (for example) whether the access terminal 1406 is active and whether it is in a soft handover, and at a given moment in the forward link ("FL") and/or reverse link ( "RL") communicates with one or more access points 1404. By using this cellular solution, the wireless communication system 1400 can provide services over a large geographic area. For example, each of the macro cells 1402A-1402G may cover a few blocks in a neighborhood or a few square miles in a rural environment.

Figure 15 illustrates an example of how one or more femto nodes can be deployed in a network environment (e.g., system 1400). In the system 1500 of FIG. 15, multiple femto nodes 1510 (e.g., femto nodes 1510A and 1510B) are installed in a relatively small area coverage network environment (e.g., in one or more user residences 1530). Each femto node 1510 can be coupled to a wide area network 1540 (for example, the Internet) and a mobile operator core network 1550 via a DSL router, a cable modem, a wireless link, or other connectivity components (not shown) .

The owner of the femto node 1510 can subscribe to mobile services such as 3G mobile services provided via the mobile operator core network 1550. In addition, the access terminal 1520 may be capable of operating in both a macro environment and a small area coverage (eg, residential) network environment. In other words, depending on the current location of the access terminal 1520, the access terminal 1520 can be served by the macro cell access point 1560 associated with the mobile operator core network 1550 or by the femto node 1510 (e.g., resident Serve at any one of the set of femto nodes 1510A and 1510B) corresponding to the user's residence 1530. For example, when the user is outside his home, the user can be served by a standard macro access point (e.g., access point 1560) and when the user is near or in the home, the user can be served by a femto node (e.g., Node 1510A) to serve. Here, the femto node 1510 can be retrospectively compatible with the old access terminal 1520.

The femto node 1510 can be deployed on a single frequency or, in the alternative, on multiple frequencies. Depending on the specific configuration, a single frequency or one or more of multiple frequencies may overlap with one or more frequencies used by a macro access point (e.g., access point 1560).

In some aspects, whenever connectivity to a preferred femto node (for example, a home femto node of the access terminal 1520) is possible, the access terminal 1520 can be configured to connect to the preferred femto node. node. For example, whenever the access terminal 1520A is in the user's residence 1530, it is desirable that the access terminal 1520A only communicates with the home femto node 1510A or 1510B.

In some aspects, if the access terminal 1520 operates within the macro cellular network 1550 and does not reside on its best network (for example, as defined in the preferred roaming list), then the access The terminal 1520 can use the best system reselection ("BSR") to continue searching for the best network (for example, the best femto node 1510), which can involve the periodicity of available systems to determine whether the better system is currently available Scanning, and subsequent efforts to associate with these better systems. By capturing items, the access terminal 1520 can restrict the search for specific frequency bands and channels. For example, the search for the best system can be repeated periodically. After finding a better femto node 1510, the access terminal 1520 selects the femto node 1510 to camp in its coverage area.

Femto nodes can be restricted in some aspects. For example, a given femto node may only provide specific services to specific access terminals. In deployments with so-called restricted (or closed) associations, a given access terminal can only consist of a macro cell mobile network and femto nodes (for example, a femto node 1510 residing in the corresponding user residence 1530) The defined set is servoed. In some embodiments, the node may be restricted to not provide at least one of the following items to at least one node: messaging, data access, login, paging, or service.

In some aspects, a restricted femto node (which may also be referred to as a closed user group home NodeB) is a femto node that provides services to a prescribed set of restricted access terminals. This collection can be expanded temporarily or permanently when necessary. In some aspects, a closed user group ("CSG") can be defined as a collection of access points (eg, femto nodes) that share a common access control list of an access terminal. The channels on which all femto nodes (or all restricted femto nodes) in an area operate can be called femto channels.

Various relationships can therefore exist between a given femto node and a given access terminal. For example, from the perspective of an access terminal, an open femto node may refer to a femto node that does not have restricted association (for example, the femto node allows access to any access terminal). A restricted femto node may refer to a femto node that is restricted in some way (e.g., restricted for association and/or login). A home femto node may refer to a femto node that an access terminal is authorized to access and operate (e.g., provide permanent access to a defined set of one or more access terminals). A client femto node may refer to a femto node that the access terminal is temporarily authorized to access or operate. The heterogeneous femto node may refer to a femto node that is not authorized to access or operate by the access terminal except for possible emergency situations (for example, a 911 call).

From the perspective of a restricted femto node, a home access terminal can refer to an access terminal authorized to access the restricted femto node (for example, the access terminal has permanent rights to access the femto node ). A client access terminal may refer to an access terminal that is temporarily authorized to access restricted femto nodes (for example, based on deadline, usage time, bytes, connection count, or some other criterion (criterion or criteria) And restricted). A heterogeneous access terminal can refer to an access terminal that does not have permission to access restricted femto nodes (e.g., does not have access to restricted femto nodes except for possible emergency situations (e.g., 911 calls) Login credentials or permitted access terminals).

For convenience, the disclosure herein describes various functionalities in the case of femto nodes. However, it should be understood that for larger coverage areas, pico nodes can provide the same or similar functionality. For example, pico nodes can be restricted, home pico nodes can be defined for a given access terminal, and so on.

The teachings in this article can be implemented in various types of communication devices. In some aspects, the teachings herein can be implemented in a wireless device that can be deployed in a multiple access communication system that can simultaneously support communication for multiple wireless access terminals. Here, each terminal can communicate with one or more access points via transmissions on the forward link and the reverse link. The forward link (or downlink) refers to the communication link from the access point to the terminal, and the reverse link (or uplink) refers to the communication link from the terminal to the access point. This communication link can be established via a single-input single-output system, a multiple-input multiple-output ("MIMO") system, or some other type of system.

For illustrative purposes, FIG. 16 depicts sample communication components that can be used in a wireless device in the case of a MIMO-based system 800. System 1600 uses multiple (<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>A) transmission antenna and multiple (<i>N</i>_<i>R</i>A) The receiving antenna is used for data transmission. Depend on<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>Transmission antennas and<i>N</i>_<i>R</i>The MIMO channel formed by two receiving antennas can be decomposed into<i>N</i>_<i>s</i>Independent channels, these channels are also called spatial channels, of which<i>N</i>_<i>S</i><img file="TWI394476B_D0001.tif" he="63" id="i0001" img-content="character" img-format="tif" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="31" />min{<i>N</i>_<i>T</i> ,<i>N</i>_<i>R</i> }。<i>N</i>_<i>S</i>Each of the independent channels corresponds to a dimension. If the additional dimensions generated by multiple transmit antennas and receive antennas are utilized, the MIMO system can provide improved performance (for example, higher throughput and/or greater reliability).

System 1600 can support Time Division Duplex ("TDD") and Frequency Division Duplex ("FDD"). In a TDD system, the forward link transmission and the reverse link transmission are on the same frequency region so that the principle of reciprocity allows the forward link channel to be estimated from the reverse link channel. This enables the access point to extract the transmission beamforming gain on the forward link when multiple antennas are available at the access point.

The system 1600 includes a wireless device 1610 (for example, an access point) and a wireless device 1650 (for example, an access terminal). At the device 1610, the data source 1612 provides traffic data of many data streams to the transmit ("TX") data processor 1614.

In some aspects, each data stream is transmitted via a separate transmission antenna. The TX data processor 1614 formats, encodes, and interleaves the traffic data of each data stream based on the specific encoding scheme selected for each data stream to provide encoded data.

The coded data of each data stream can be multiplexed with pilot data using OFDM technology. The pilot data is usually a known data pattern processed in a known manner and can be used at the receiver system to estimate the channel response. Then, based on the specific modulation scheme (for example, BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, or M-QAM) selected for each data stream, the multiplexed guide of that data stream is modulated (ie, symbol mapped). Frequency and encoded data to provide modulation symbols. The data rate, coding, and modulation of each data stream can be determined by the instructions executed by the processor 1630. The data memory 1632 can store program codes, data, and other information used by the processor 1630 or other components of the device 1610.

The modulation symbols of all data streams are then provided to the TX MIMO processor 1620, and the TX MIMO processor 1620 can further process the modulation symbols (for example, for OFDM). The TX MIMO processor 1620 then will<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>A stream of modulated symbols is provided to<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>Two transceivers ("XCVR") 1622A to 1622T. In some aspects, the TX MIMO processor 1620 applies beamforming weights to the symbols of the data stream and to the antenna from which the symbol is transmitted.

Each transceiver 1622 receives and processes a respective symbol stream to provide one or more analog signals, and further adjusts (for example, amplifies, filters, and up-converts) the analog signals to provide a signal suitable for transmission on the MIMO channel. Modulated signal. Then separately from<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>Two antennas 1624A to 1624T transmit from the transceivers 1622A to 1622T<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>A modulated signal.

At the device 1650, the modulated signal transmitted by<i>N</i>_<i>R</i>The antennas 1652A to 1652R receive and the received signals from each antenna 1652 are provided to respective transceivers ("XCVR") 1654A to 1654R. Each transceiver 1654 adjusts (eg, filters, amplifies, and down-converts) each received signal, digitizes the adjusted signal to provide samples, and further processes the samples to provide a corresponding "received" symbol stream .

The receive ("RX") data processor 1660 then receives from<i>N</i>_<i>R</i>Of 1654 transceivers<i>N</i>_<i>R</i>Received symbol streams and process these symbol streams based on a specific receiver processing technology to provide<i>N</i>_<i>T</i>A stream of "detected" symbols. The RX data processor 1660 then demodulates, deinterleaves and decodes each detected symbol stream to recover the traffic data of the data stream. The processing performed by the RX data processor 1660 is complementary to the processing performed by the TX MIMO processor 1620 and the TX data processor 1614 at the device 1610.

The processor 1670 periodically decides which precoding matrix to use (discussed below). The processor 1670 formulates the reverse link message including a matrix index part and a rank value part. The data memory 1672 can store program codes, data, and other information used by the processor 1670 or other components of the device 1650.

The reverse link message may include various types of information about the communication link and/or the received data stream. The reverse link message is then processed by the TX data processor 1638 (which also receives traffic data from many data streams from the data source 1636), modulated by the modulator 1680, adjusted by the transceivers 1654A to 1654R, and transmitted back To device 1610.

At device 1610, the modulated signal from device 1650 is received by antenna 1624, modulated by transceiver 1622, demodulated by demodulator ("DEMOD") 1640, and processed by RX data processor 1642 Extract the reverse link message transmitted by the device 1650. The processor 1630 then determines which precoding matrix to use for determining the beamforming weights, and then processes the extracted information.

Figure 16 also illustrates that the communication components may include one or more components that perform obfuscation control operations as taught herein. For example, the confusion control component 1690 may cooperate with the processor 1630 and/or other components of the device 1610 to send signals to/from another device (e.g., device 1650) as taught herein The device 1650) receives the signal. Similarly, the confusion control component 1692 may cooperate with the processor 1670 and/or other components of the device 1650 to send signals to/receive signals from another device (eg, device 1610). It should be understood that for each device 1610 and 1650, the functionality of two or more of the described components can be provided by a single component. For example, a single processing component can provide the functionality of the confusion control component 1690 and the processor 1630 and a single processing component can provide the functionality of the confusion control component 1692 and the processor 1670.

The teachings herein can be incorporated into various types of communication systems and/or system components. In some aspects, the teachings in this article can be used to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (for example, by specifying one or more of bandwidth, transmission power, encoding, interleaving, etc.) Communication in a multiple access system. For example, the teachings in this article can be applied to any one or combination of the following technologies: code division multiple access ("CDMA") system, multi-carrier CDMA ("MCCDMA"), broadband CDMA ("W-CDMA") ), high-speed packet access ("HSPA", "HSPA+") system, time division multiple access ("TDMA") system, frequency division multiple access ("FDMA") system, single carrier FDMA ("SC-FDMA" ) System, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access ("OFDMA") system, or other multiple access technology. Wireless communication systems using the teachings herein can be designed to implement one or more standards, such as IS-95, cdma2000, IS-856, W-CDMA, TDSCDMA, and other standards. CDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access ("UTRA"), cdma2000, or some other technology. UTRA includes W-CDMA and Low Chip Rate ("LCR"). cdma2000 technology covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. TDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as the Global System for Mobile Communications ("GSM"). OFDMA network can implement such as evolved UTRA ("E-UTRA"), IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash OFDM<img file="TWI394476B_D0002.tif" he="61" id="i0002" img-content="character" img-format="tif" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="42" />And other radio technology. UTRA, E-UTRA and GSM are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ("UMTS"). The teachings herein can be implemented in 3GPP Long Term Evolution ("LTE") systems, Ultra Mobile Broadband ("UMB") systems, and other types of systems. LTE is a version of UMTS that uses E-UTRA. Although 3GPP terminology may be used to describe specific aspects of this disclosure, it should be understood that the teachings herein are applicable to 3GPP (Re199, Re15, Re16, Re17) technologies, and 3GPP2 (IxRTT, 1xEV-DO RelO, RevA, RevB) technology and other technologies.

The teachings herein can be incorporated into (e.g., implemented in or executed by) a variety of devices (e.g., nodes). In some aspects, nodes implemented in accordance with the teachings herein (e.g., wireless nodes) may include access points or access terminals.

For example, the access terminal may include, be implemented as, or be referred to as user equipment, user station, user unit, mobile station, mobile body, mobile node, remote station, remote terminal, user terminal , User agent, user device, or some other term. In some embodiments, the access terminal may include a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol ("SIP") phone, a wireless zone loop ("WLL") station, a personal digital assistant ("PDA"), A handheld device with wireless connection capability, or some other suitable processing device connected to a wireless modem. Therefore, one or more aspects taught herein can be incorporated into phones (e.g., cellular phones or smart phones), computers (e.g., laptops), portable communication devices, portable computing devices (e.g., , Personal data assistants), entertainment devices (for example, music devices, video devices, or satellite radio), global positioning system devices, or any other suitable devices configured to communicate via wireless media.

An access point may include, be implemented as, or be referred to as NodeB, eNodeB, Radio Network Controller ("RNC"), Base Station ("BS"), Radio Base Station ("RBS"), Base Station Controller ( "BSC"), base transceiver station ("BTS"), transmitter function ("TF"), radio transceiver, radio router, basic service set ("BSS"), extended service set ("ESS"), or one Other similar terms.

In some aspects, nodes (e.g., access points) may include access nodes for communication systems. This access node may provide, for example, connectivity to or to a network (for example, a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Therefore, an access node can enable another node (for example, an access terminal) to access the network or have some other functionality. In addition, it should be understood that one or both of these nodes may be portable or (in some cases) relatively non-portable.

Also, it should be understood that wireless nodes may be able to transmit and/or receive information in a non-wireless manner (for example, via a wired connection). Therefore, receivers and transmitters as discussed herein may include appropriate communication interface components (e.g., electrical or optical interface components) to communicate via non-wireless media.

A wireless node may communicate via one or more wireless communication links based on or otherwise supporting any suitable wireless communication technology. For example, in some aspects, wireless nodes may be associated with the network. In some aspects, the network may include a local area network or a wide area network. Wireless devices can support or otherwise use multiple wireless communication technologies, protocols or standards such as those discussed in this article (for example, CDMA, TDMA, OFDM, OFDMA, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, etc.) ) One or more of. Similarly, the wireless node may support or otherwise use one or more of a variety of corresponding modulation or multiplexing schemes. The wireless node may therefore include appropriate components (e.g., air interface) to establish and communicate via one or more wireless communication links using the above or other wireless communication technologies. For example, a wireless node may include a wireless transceiver with associated transmitter and receiver components, and the associated transmitter and receiver components may include various components that facilitate communication over wireless media (e.g., signal generators and Signal processor).

The components described herein can be implemented in a variety of ways. Referring to Figures 17-21, devices 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, and 2100 are represented as a series of related functional blocks. In some aspects, the functionality of these blocks can be implemented as a processing system that includes one or more processor components. In some aspects, at least a portion of one or more integrated circuits (eg, ASIC) may be used, for example, to implement the functionality of these blocks. As discussed herein, an integrated circuit may include a processor, software, other related components, or some combination thereof. The functionality of these blocks can also be implemented in some other way as taught herein. In some aspects, one or more of the dashed blocks in FIGS. 17-21 are optional.

The devices 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, and 2100 may include one or more modules that can perform one or more of the functions described above with respect to the various figures. For example, the receiving component 1702, the message receiving component 1806, the request receiving component 1906, the signal receiving component 2012, or the receiving component 2108 may correspond to, for example, a receiver and/or a communication controller as discussed herein. The identification determination component 1704 or the same identification code determination component 1902 may correspond to, for example, a confusion detector as discussed herein. The message sending component 1706, the identification code sending component 1802, the identification code defining component 1808, the identification code determination component 1908, the type determination component 2004, the second identification code determination component 2006, or the identification code selection component 2104 may correspond to, for example, as in this document The identification code controller discussed. The sending member 1708 or the transmitting member 2008 may correspond to, for example, a transmitter and/or a communication controller as discussed herein. Threshold value sending component 1804 or threshold value defining component 1810 may correspond to, for example, a threshold value controller as discussed herein. The report sending component 1904 may correspond to, for example, a report generator as discussed herein. The first identification code determination component 2002, the identification code usage component 2010, the communication component 2102, or the transmission component 2106 may correspond to, for example, a communication controller as discussed herein. The signal strength determination component 2014 may correspond to, for example, a signal processor and/or receiver as discussed herein.

It should be understood that any reference to elements such as "first", "second", etc. used herein does not generally limit the quantity or order of these elements. Rather, these designations may be used herein as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements or multiple instances of elements. Therefore, the reference to the first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be used there or that the first element must somehow precede the second element. Also, unless otherwise specified, the set of elements may include one or more elements. In addition, terms in the form of "at least one of A, B, or C" used to describe or apply for a patent mean "A or B or C in these elements or any combination".

Those familiar with this technology should understand that any of a variety of different technologies can be used to represent information and signals. For example, voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof can be used to represent data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols that may be referred to throughout the above description And chip.

Those familiar with this technology should further understand that any of the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, processors, components, circuits, and algorithm steps described in combination with the aspects disclosed in this article can be implemented as electronic Hardware (for example, a digital embodiment, an analog embodiment, or a combination of the two that can be designed using source coding or some other technology), and various forms of programs or design codes with instructions (for convenience, its It can be referred to as "software" or "software module") or a combination of the two in this article. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in terms of functionality. Whether the functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the entire system. Those who are familiar with the technology can implement the described functionality in varying ways for each specific application, but these implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing deviations from the scope of this disclosure.

The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in combination with the aspects disclosed in this article can be implemented in an integrated circuit ("IC"), an access terminal or an access point, or by an integrated circuit (" IC"), access terminal or access point to execute. ICs may include general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic designed to perform the functions described in this article Devices, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, electrical components, optical components, mechanical components, or any combination thereof, and can execute program codes or instructions residing in the IC, outside the IC, or both inside and outside the IC. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with DSP cores, or any other such configuration.

It should be understood that any particular order or hierarchy of steps in any disclosed process is an example of a sample approach. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in these processes can be reconfigured based on design preferences while remaining within the scope of this disclosure. The accompanying method items present the elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

The described functions can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented by software, these functions can be stored on a computer-readable medium or transmitted on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or program codes. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media (including any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another). The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, the computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or may be used to carry or transport in the form of instructions or data structures. Any other media that stores the required code and can be accessed by the computer. Also, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if you use coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave to transmit software from a website, server, or other remote source, the coaxial cable, Fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of media. Disks and optical discs as used in this article include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs (DVD), flexible discs and Blu-ray discs, among which the discs are usually magnetically The data is reproduced, and the optical disc reproduces the data optically by laser. The combination of the above should also be included in the category of computer-readable media. In short, it should be understood that the computer-readable medium can be implemented in any suitable computer program product.

In view of the above, in some aspects, a first communication method includes: receiving a message for a node identified by a first node identification code; determining whether another node is identified by the first node identification code; and As a result of the determination, a message specifying the use of the second node identification code to establish communication with the node is sent. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following operations may also be applicable to the first communication method: determining whether another node is identified by the first node identification code includes determining whether a plurality of cells use a specified cell identification code ; The second node identification code uniquely identifies the node; the first node identification code is unique in the first area, and the second node identification code is unique in the second area larger than the first area; the message includes a handover request , Interference management communication, signal strength measurement report, or a message for saving at least one resource; the method further includes: receiving another message for the node, wherein the another message includes the second node identification code, and the other A message is tunneled to a node; the determination includes: performing neighbor discovery, or determining whether the first identification code is found in the list of identification codes; the list of identification codes includes a range; the message includes the first node identification code Instruction, and the determination includes comparing the instruction with a list of node identification code instructions; the list of node identification code instructions includes a node identification code common to more than one node in an area, and the node identification code is through another message Or received through neighbor discovery; the first node identification code includes a physical cell identification code, a pilot identification code or a pseudo-random number sequence, and the second node identification code includes a cell global identification code, an access network identification code or a fan Cell ID; the node includes an access point; the node includes a femto cell or a pico cell; the node is restricted to not provide at least one of the following for at least one other node: messaging, data access, login, Paging or service.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a receiver, which is configured to receive a message for a node identified by a first node identification code; a confusion detector, which is configured to determine another Whether the node is identified by the first node identification code; and an identification code controller configured to send a message specifying the use of the second node identification code to establish communication with the node as a result of the determination.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for receiving a message for a node identified by a first node identification code; for determining whether another node is identified by the first node identification code The component; and a component used to send a message specifying the use of the second node identification code to establish communication with the node as a result of the determination.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: receiving a message for a node identified by a first node identification code; determining whether another node Identify by the first node identification code; and send a message specifying the use of the second node identification code to establish communication with the node as a result of the determination.

In some aspects, a second communication method includes: selecting to transmit a message to a node identified by the first node identification code; determining whether another node can be identified by the first node identification code; and based on the determination The second node identification code is used to establish communication with the node. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following can also be applied to the second communication method: the second node identification code uniquely identifies the node; the first node identification code is unique in the first area, and the second The node identification code is unique in the second area larger than the first area; the message includes a handover request, interference management message, signal strength measurement report, or a message for saving at least one resource; the determination includes receiving instructions to another node Whether the message is identified by the first node identification code; the method further includes transmitting a message containing an indication of the first node identification code for establishing communication, wherein the determination includes receiving a response to the message, and the response specifies that the first node identification code will be used Two node identification codes are used to establish communication; the determination includes: attempting to communicate with another node; and receiving a message from another node indicating that the communication is unauthorized; the method further includes using the second node identification code to establish communication with the node The following attempts; the first node identification code includes a physical cell identification code, a pilot identification code, or a pseudo-random number sequence, and the second node identification code includes a cell global identification code, an access network identification code, or a sector identification code; the The node includes an access point; the node includes a femto cell or a pico cell; the node is restricted to not provide at least one of the following items for at least one other node: messaging, data access, login, paging, or service.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a communication controller, which is configured to selectively transmit messages to a node identified by a first node identification code; and a confusion detector, which is configured to It is determined whether another node can be identified by the first node identification code; wherein the communication controller is further configured to use the second node identification code to establish communication with the node based on the determination.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a means for selecting to transmit a message to a node identified by a first node identification code; for determining whether another node can be identified by the first node identification code And a component for establishing communication with the node using the second node identification code based on the determination.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: select to transmit a message to a node identified by a first node identification code; determine another node Whether it can be identified by the first node identification code; and based on the determination, the second node identification code is used to establish communication with the node.

In some aspects, a third communication method includes: determining the first identification code used to establish communication with the access point; determining the type of the first identification code; and determining the type of the first identification code for establishing The second identification code of the communication with the access point. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following items may also be applicable to the third communication method: the determination of the type of the first identification code includes receiving a message indicating whether another node is identified by the first identification code The method further includes using the second identification code for subsequent attempts to establish communication with the access point; the determining the type of the first identification code includes determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code of the first type; the method is further Including sending a measurement report, the measurement report includes a plurality of items for the same cell identification code; the first identification code includes the physical cell identification code associated with the access point, and the pseudo-random number associated with the access point Offset or capture pilot associated with the access point, and the second identification code includes the global cell identification code associated with the access point, the Internet protocol address associated with the access point or uniquely identifies it The identification code of the access point in the network; the determination of calling the second identification code to avoid confusion caused by other methods by using the first identification code when establishing communication with the access point; the second identification code The determination is based on whether the value of the first identification code is one of the set of designated values; the set of designated values is associated with the access point designated as not avoiding confusion; the set of designated values is associated with a closed user group Associated; the set of specified values is associated with at least one specified type of access point; the at least one specified type relates to at least one of the following groups: transmission power, coverage area, and relay capability; the The method further includes receiving a list of a set of specified values from another access point; establishing communication with the access point includes transmitting a second identification code in combination with a signal strength measurement message, a radio resource report, or a handover request; and transferring the second identification code Transmitting to another access point that initiates the handover to the access point; the method further includes transmitting the message to the access point using the second identification code; the access point includes a femto cell or a pico cell; the storage A collection of at least one access terminal whose point-fetching servo is restricted.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a communication controller configured to determine the first identification code used to establish communication with the access point; and an identification code controller configured to Based on the first identification code, a second identification code for establishing communication with the access point is determined.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for determining a first identification code for establishing communication with an access point; and for determining a first identification code for establishing and accessing based on the first identification code The component of the second identification code of the point of communication.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a program code for causing the computer to perform the following actions: determine the first identification code used to establish communication with the access point; and based on the first The identification code determines the second identification code used to establish communication with the access point.

In some aspects, a fourth communication method includes: communicating with a first access point; selecting an identification code from a set of identification codes associated with the first access point; and when establishing a connection with the second access point When communicating, the selected identification code is transmitted to the second access point. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following can also be applied to the fourth communication method: the selection of the identification code is based on the node type associated with the first access point; the set of identification codes includes A first identification code and a second identification code, and the selected identification code includes a second identification code; the first identification code includes a physical cell identification code associated with the first access point, and a pseudo-random associated with the first access point Number offset or capture pilot associated with the first access point, and the second identification code includes the global cell identification code associated with the first access point, and the Internet associated with the first access point Protocol address or identification code that uniquely identifies the first access point in the network; select the second identification code to avoid possible confusion caused by the use of the first identification code when establishing communication with the second access point The selection of the identification code is based on whether the value of the first identification code is one of the set of designated values; the set of designated values is associated with at least one of the following groups: designated as not exempt Confused access points, closed user groups, and at least one designated type of access point; the at least one designated type involves at least one of the following groups: transmission power, coverage area, and relay capability; this method It further includes receiving a list of the set of specified values from the first access point; transmitting the selected identification code in conjunction with the connection request; triggering the selection of the identification code by the loss of communication with the first access point; by the second access point To use the selected identification code to establish communication with the first access point and/or obtain configuration information from the first access point; the first access point includes a femto cell or a pico cell; the first access point servo is restricted A collection of at least one access terminal.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a communication controller configured to communicate with the first access point; and an identification code controller configured to selectively associate with the first access point An identification code in the set of associated identification codes; wherein the communication controller is further configured to transmit the selected identification code to the second access point when establishing communication with the second access point.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for communicating with a first access point; means for selecting one of the identification codes in a set of identification codes associated with the first access point; And a component for transmitting the selected identification code to the second access point when establishing communication with the second access point.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a program code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: communicating with a first access point; selecting an identification code associated with the first access point One of the identification codes in the set; and transmitting the selected identification code to the second access point when establishing communication with the second access point.

In some aspects, a fifth communication method includes: determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code of the first type; and based on the determination, sending a message to the second type associated with the cell identification code of the first type. Cell ID request. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following items may also be applicable to the fifth communication method: the first type of cell identification code includes a physical cell identification code, and the second type of cell identification code includes a global cell identification code The method further includes receiving a measurement report indicating that one of the cells uses a cell identification code that will cause confusion; the determination is based on the discovery of neighbors indicating the cell identification code used by the cells; the determination Based on the received message indicating the cell identification code used by the cells; the method further includes: receiving a response to the request, wherein the response includes a second type of cell identification code, and using the second type of cell identification Code start handover; The cells include femtocells or picocells; the method is executed by the base station.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a confusion detector configured to determine whether the first cell and the second cell use the same cell identification code of the first type; and an identification code controller, which It is configured to send a request for a cell identification code of a second type associated with a cell identification code of the first type based on the determination.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for determining whether the first cell and the second cell use the same cell identification code of the first type; and for sending the pair with the first type based on the determination. The cell ID is associated with the request component of the second type of cell ID.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: determining whether the first cell and the second cell use the same cell identification code of the first type; and Based on the determination, a request for the cell identification code of the second type associated with the cell identification code of the first type is sent.

In some aspects, a sixth communication method includes: receiving a signal associated with a cell identification code; determining whether the cell identification code is one of a defined set of cell identification codes of the first type; determining the signal strength of the signal Is it greater than or equal to the threshold value associated with the defined set of cell identification codes; when the cell identification code is one of the defined set of cell identification codes and the signal strength is greater than or equal to the threshold value, it is captured with the cell The cell identification code of the second type of identification code associated with the identification code; and sending a message containing the retrieved cell identification code. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following items may also be applicable to the sixth communication method: the first type of cell identification code includes a physical cell identification code, and the second type of cell identification code includes a global cell identification code Code; the defined set includes a subset of all the cell identification codes of the first type, and the defined set identifies the cell identification codes that can be assigned to multiple cells within the coverage area of another cell; the cell identification code Retrieving includes receiving the cell identification code from the cell transmitting the signal; the message includes a measurement report; the method further includes receiving as a result of sending the message for performing a handover to the cell associated with the retrieved cell identification code The method further includes wirelessly receiving a defined set and threshold of cell identification codes; the first type of cell identification codes identify femto cells or pico cells; the method is executed by the access terminal.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a receiver, which is configured to receive a signal associated with a cell identification code; and a comparator, which is used to determine whether the cell identification code is the first type of cell identification One of the defined set of codes; a signal processor configured to determine whether the signal strength of the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold value associated with the defined set of cell identification codes; an identification code controller, which is The configuration is to retrieve the cell identification code of the second type identification code associated with the cell identification code when the cell identification code is one of the defined set of cell identification codes and the signal strength is greater than or equal to the threshold; and The transmitter is configured to send a message containing the extracted cell identification code.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for receiving a signal associated with a cell identification code; and means for determining whether the cell identification code is one of a defined set of cell identification codes of the first type A component; a component used to determine whether the signal strength of a signal is greater than or equal to the threshold value associated with a defined set of cell identification codes; a component used when the cell identification code is one of the defined sets of cell identification codes And when the signal strength is greater than or equal to the threshold value, a component for extracting the cell identification code of the second type of identification code associated with the cell identification code; and a component for sending a message including the extracted cell identification code.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: receiving a signal associated with a cell identification code; determining whether the cell identification code is of the first type One of the defined set of cell identification codes; determine whether the signal strength of the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold value associated with the defined set of cell identification codes; among the defined set of cell identification codes One and when the signal strength is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the cell identification code of the second type identification code associated with the cell identification code is retrieved; and a message including the retrieved cell identification code is sent.

In some aspects, a seventh communication method includes: sending a defined set of cell identification codes of the first type to a node; sending a threshold value associated with the defined set of cell identification codes to the node, wherein the The threshold value is used to determine whether to retrieve the cell identification code of the second type; and the self-node receives a message including one of the cell identification codes of the second type. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following items may also be applicable to the seventh communication method: the first type of cell identification code includes a physical cell identification code, and the second type of cell identification code includes a global cell identification code Code; the defined set includes a subset of the superset of the first type of cell identification codes, and the defined set identifies cell identification codes that can be assigned to multiple cells within the coverage area of another cell; the method The method further includes defining a defined set of cell identification codes; the defining of the defined set of cell identification codes includes identifying a plurality of neighboring cells using a common cell identification code of the first type; the method further includes defining the threshold value; the message Including measurement reports; the method further includes instructing the node to perform handover to a cell associated with the received cell identification code of the second type; the cell identification code of the first type identifies a femto cell or a pico cell; the method consists of Base station to perform.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: an identification code controller, which is configured to send a defined set of cell identification codes of the first type to a node; a threshold controller, which is configured To send the threshold value associated with the defined set of cell identification codes to the node, where the threshold value is used to determine whether to retrieve the cell identification code of the second type; and the receiver, which is configured to automatically The node receives a message including one of the cell identification codes of the second type.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for sending a defined set of cell identification codes of the first type to a node; and a threshold for associating the defined set of cell identification codes with The value is sent to the component of the node, where the threshold value is used to determine whether to retrieve the cell identification code of the second type; and the component used to receive a message including one of the cell identification codes of the second type from the node.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: send a defined set of cell identification codes of the first type to a node; The threshold value associated with the defined set of codes is sent to the node, where the threshold value is used to determine whether to retrieve the cell identification code of the second type; and one of the cell identification codes containing the second type is received from the node The persons message.

In some aspects, an eighth communication method includes: receiving a message containing a designated cell identification code of the first type; determining whether a plurality of cells use the designated cell identification code; and sending a pair and the designated cell identification code based on the determination A request for the associated cell identification code of the second type. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following can also be applied to the eighth communication method: the first type of cell identification code includes a physical cell identification code, and the second type of cell identification code includes a global cell identification code The message further includes a first indication of the received signal strength of the first signal from the first of the cells using the designated cell identification code, and the method further includes a first indication based on the received signal strength and from the use of the designated The second indication of the received signal strength of the second signal of the second of the cells of the cell identification code determines whether cell identification code confusion can occur, and the sending of the request is further based on the determination of whether cell identification code confusion can occur; The defined set of the first type of cell identification code is sent to the node that sends the message, and the threshold value associated with the defined set of the cell identification code is sent to the node, where the threshold value is used to determine whether to retrieve Cell IDs of the second type; the defined set includes a subset of the superset of the cell IDs of the first type, and the defined set can be assigned to multiple cells within the coverage area of another cell The cell identification code; the message includes a measurement report; the method further includes instructing the node to perform handover to the cell associated with the received cell identification code of the second type; the cell identification code of the first type identifies the femto cell or pico Cell; this method is executed by the base station.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a receiver, which is configured to receive a message containing a first type of designated cell identification code; a confusion detector, which is configured to determine whether a plurality of cells are Using the designated cell identification code; and an identification code controller configured to send a request for a second type of cell identification code associated with the designated cell identification code based on the determination.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for receiving a message containing a designated cell identification code of the first type; means for determining whether a plurality of cells use the designated cell identification code; and Based on the determination, a means for sending a request for a cell identification code of the second type associated with the designated cell identification code.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: receiving a message containing a first type of designated cell identification code; determining whether a plurality of cells use the A designated cell identification code; and based on the determination, a request for a cell identification code of the second type associated with the designated cell identification code is sent.

In some aspects, a ninth communication method includes: determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code of the first type; and sending a measurement report including a plurality of items for the same cell identification code. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following items may also be applicable to the ninth communication method: the method further includes determining a second type of cell identification code associated with the same cell identification code, and measuring the report Further includes a second type of cell identification code; the first type of cell identification code includes a physical cell identification code, and the second type of cell identification code includes a global cell identification code; the determination includes receiving signals from a plurality of cells, and these The signal contains the same cell identification code; the cells contain femtocells or picocells; the method is performed by the access terminal.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a confusion detector, which is configured to determine whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and a measurement report generator, which is configured to send a Measurement reports on multiple items of the same cell identification code.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and for sending a measurement report containing a plurality of items for the same cell identification codeofcomponents.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing a computer to perform the following actions: determine whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; Measurement report of multiple items of identification code.

In some aspects, a tenth communication method includes: determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and sending a measurement report based on the determination. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following can also be applied to the tenth communication method: the method further includes receiving a request for obfuscated information; the measurement report is sent in response to the request and includes the Indication of determination; the same cell identification codes include the physical cell identification code; the cells include the cell from which the synchronization signal and/or pilot signal is currently being received; the cells include the synchronization signal and/or the pilot signal in the defined Cells received during the period of time; the cells include the cells from which synchronization signals and/or pilot signals are received during the time period associated with a defined number of handovers; the same cell identification code is the first type of cell identification The method further includes determining a second type of cell identification code associated with the same cell identification code, and the measurement report further includes the second type of cell identification code; the first type of cell identification code includes the entity cell identification code, And the second type of cell identification code includes the global cell identification code; the determination includes receiving signals from a plurality of cells, and the signals include the same cell identification code; the cells include femtocells or picocells; the method is based on storage Take the terminal to execute.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a confusion detector, which is configured to determine whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and a measurement report generator, which is configured to be based on the determination And send the measurement report.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: means for determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and means for sending measurement reports based on the determination.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing the computer to perform the following actions: determine whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and send a measurement report based on the determination .

In view of the foregoing, in some aspects, an eleventh communication method includes: receiving a request for confusing information; determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and sending a message in response to the request, wherein the message includes the Judgment instructions. In addition, in some aspects, at least one of the following can also be applied to the eleventh communication method: the same cell identification code includes the physical cell identification code; the request for confusion information involves the designated cell identification code; the message is as The plurality of cells are sent using the result of the determination of the same cell identification code; the request includes a request for a measurement report; the message includes a measurement report; the cells include femtocells or picocells; the method is accessed by Terminal to execute.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a receiver configured to receive a request for confusion information; a confusion detector configured to determine whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; And a transmitter, which is configured to send a message in response to the request, where the message contains an indication of the determination.

In some aspects, a device for communication includes: a component for receiving a request for confusing information; a component for determining whether a plurality of cells use the same cell identification code; and a component for sending a message in response to the request The component in which the message contains the indication of the determination.

In some aspects, a computer program product includes: a computer-readable medium, which includes a code for causing the computer to perform the following actions: receiving a request for confusing information; determining whether multiple cells use the same cell identification code; and responding Send a message at the request, where the message contains an indication of the determination.

In some aspects, it corresponds to one of the above aspects involving the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh communication methods One or more of the functionality can be implemented, for example, in a device using a structure as taught herein. In addition, the computer program product may include a computer program that is configured to cause the computer to provide information corresponding to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh The functional code of one or more of the above aspects of the communication method.

The foregoing description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable anyone familiar with the art to make or use the present disclosure. Those who are familiar with the technology will easily be able to make various modifications to these aspects, and can apply the general principles defined in this article to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown in this article, but should conform to the broadest category consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this article.

<p>100. . . Communication Systems</p><p>102. . . Access terminal/access point</p><p>104. . . Access point</p><p>106. . . Access point</p><p>108. . . Access point</p><p>110. . . Access point</p><p>112. . . Network node</p><p>114. . . Confusion detector</p><p>116. . . Unique identification code controller</p><p>118. . . Obfuscate the controller</p><p>120. . . Handover controller</p><p>200. . . network</p><p>202. . . Tracking area</p><p>202A. . . Tracking area</p><p>202B. . . Tracking area</p><p>202C. . . Tracking area</p><p>204. . . Macro coverage area</p><p>204A. . . Macro coverage area</p><p>204B. . . Macro coverage area</p><p>206. . . Smaller coverage area/femto coverage area</p><p>206A. . . Femto coverage area</p><p>206C. . . Femto coverage area</p><p>206D. . . Femto coverage area</p><p>302. . . transceiver</p><p>304. . . transceiver</p><p>306. . . launcher</p><p>308. . . receiver</p><p>310. . . launcher</p><p>312. . . receiver</p><p>314. . . Communication controller</p><p>316. . . Communication controller</p><p>318. . . Confusion detector</p><p>320. . . Confusion detector</p><p>322. . . Identification code controller</p><p>324. . . Identification code controller</p><p>326. . . Handover controller</p><p>328. . . Report generator</p><p>330. . . Comparators</p><p>332. . . Signal processor</p><p>334. . . Threshold value controller</p><p>1400. . . Wireless communication system</p><p>1402. . . Macro Community</p><p>1402A-1402G. . . Macro Community</p><p>1404. . . Access point</p><p>1404A-1404G. . . Access point</p><p>1406. . . Access terminal</p><p>1406A-1406L. . . Access terminal</p><p>1500. . . system</p><p>1510. . . Femto node</p><p>1510A. . . Femto node</p><p>1510B. . . Femto node</p><p>1520. . . Access terminal</p><p>1520A. . . Access terminal</p><p>1520B. . . Access terminal</p><p>1530. . . User residence</p><p>1540. . . Wide area network</p><p>1550. . . Mobile operator core network/macro cellular network</p><p>1560. . . Macro cell access point</p><p>1600. . . system</p><p>1610. . . Wireless device</p><p>1612. . . Data source</p><p>1614. . . Transmission ("TX") data processor</p><p>1620. . . TX MIMO processor</p><p>1622. . . transceiver</p><p>1622A to 1622T. . . Transceiver ("XCVR")</p><p>1624. . . antenna</p><p>1624A to 1624T. . . antenna</p><p>1630. . . processor</p><p>1632. . . Data memory</p><p>1636. . . Data source</p><p>1638. . . TX data processor</p><p>1640. . . Demodulator ("DEMOD")</p><p>1642. . . RX data processor</p><p>1650. . . Wireless device</p><p>1652. . . antenna</p><p>1652A to 1652R. . . antenna</p><p>1654. . . transceiver</p><p>1654A to 1654R. . . Transceiver ("XCVR")</p><p>1660. . . Receive ("RX") data processor</p><p>1670. . . processor</p><p>1672. . . Data memory</p><p>1680. . . Modulator</p><p>1690. . . Obfuscation control components</p><p>1692. . . Obfuscation control components</p><p>1700. . . Device</p><p>1702. . . Receiving component</p><p>1704. . . Recognition and determination component</p><p>1706. . . Message sending component</p><p>1708. . . Send widget</p><p>1800. . . Device</p><p>1802. . . Identification code sending component</p><p>1804. . . Threshold sending component</p><p>1806. . . Message receiving component</p><p>1808. . . Identification code defining component</p><p>1810. . . Threshold defining component</p><p>1900. . . Device</p><p>1902. . . Identical identification code determination component</p><p>1904. . . Report sending component</p><p>1906. . . Request receiving component</p><p>1908. . . Identification code determination component</p><p>2000. . . Device</p><p>2002. . . First identification code determination component</p><p>2004. . . Type determination component</p><p>2006. . . Second identification code determination component</p><p>2008. . . Transmission component</p><p>2010. . . Identification code usage component</p><p>2012. . . Signal receiving component</p><p>2014. . . Signal strength judging component</p><p>2100. . . Device</p><p>2102. . . Communication component</p><p>2104. . . Identification code selection component</p><p>2106. . . Transmission component</p><p>2108. . . Receiving component</p>

Figure 1 is a simplified block diagram of several sample states of a communication system configured to resolve confusion;

Figure 2 is a simplified diagram illustrating the coverage area of wireless communication;

Figure 3 is a flowchart of several sample states of operations that can be performed to specify the use of the second type of identification code;

Figure 4 is a simplified block diagram of several sample states of components that can be used in a communication node;

Figure 5 is a flowchart of several sample states of operations that can be performed to determine whether to use a second type of identification code to communicate with a node;

6 is a flowchart of several sample modes of operations that can be performed to determine whether to use a second type of identification code to communicate with a node based on a list of identification codes;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of several sample states of operations that can be performed to solve the confusion of the source node;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of several sample states of operations that can be performed to determine whether to request the extraction of the second type of identification code;

9A and 9B are flowcharts of several sample states that can be executed to trigger the access terminal to retrieve the second type of identification code;

10A and 10B are flowcharts of several sample states that can be executed to trigger the access terminal to retrieve the second type of identification code;

Figure 11 is a flowchart of several sample aspects of operations that can be performed in conjunction with an access terminal that detects confusion;

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of several sample aspects of operations that can be performed in conjunction with an access terminal for detecting confusion;

Figure 13 is a flowchart of several sample aspects of operations that can be performed in conjunction with an access terminal that provides a confusion report after a request;

Figure 14 is a simplified diagram of a wireless communication system;

Figure 15 is a simplified diagram of a wireless communication system including femto nodes;

Figure 16 is a simplified block diagram of several sample configurations of the communication component; and

Figures 17-21 are simplified block diagrams of several sample aspects of a device configured to resolve confusion as taught herein.

According to convention, the various features illustrated in the drawings may not be drawn to scale. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, the size of various features may be arbitrarily enlarged or reduced. In addition, some of the drawings may be simplified for the sake of clarity. Therefore, the drawings may not depict all the components of a given apparatus (e.g., device) or method. Finally, similar reference numerals can be used to indicate similar features throughout this specification and the figures.