Collector-accumulator of natural heat/cold

Invenfia refer! in the field of thermo-energy, in particular the devices for the transformation of natural energy: solar radiation into thermal energy, the energy of the atmosphere in the cold and can be applied! in natural and heat supply systems.

A collector-accumulator is known to contain the о earner! thermal insulated !, in the side barrier! and the ceiling of which are mounted permeable radiation concentrators and conductors of solar rays. Inside the room are located capacities with heat accumulation material, covered with a foliar absorber. In earner! channels for liquid and air thermal agents are executed. Outside the room are installed outdoor solar concentrators [1].

The disadvantages of the well-known collector-accumulator are the need for concentrators and conductors of special solar rays, as well as the faef raised magnets! thermal insulation! of the room.

The problems that I solve! invention, are the simplification of the construction, the use of accessible and cheap materials, as well as the provision of simultaneous heating with liquid and gaseous thermal agents, obtaining the heat and / or the cold with the help of a single installation.

The installation, according to the invention, removes the disadvantages mentioned above by that c! border о earner! insulated! in form! of prism! Straight or pyramid trunk! with superior base! smaller, the lateral and ceiling beams made of transparent material for electromagnetic radiation !. Under the transparent covering of the ceiling in earner! a continuous opaque floor for the beams with the formation of the ceiling compartment is installed, in which the inlet-outlet holes for the gaseous thermal agent are executed and an absorber / radiator is installed, under which, with the game, the floor is fixed an absorbent- heat exchanger! lighthouse! water accumulation! with inlet and outlet connections of the liquid thermal agent; in earner! is installed! о vertical box !. The interior volume of the room from the base to the ceiling floor is divided by continuous vertical dividers in trapezoidal sectors in the plane, at the same time! some side vertical ribs of all the partitions are connected! to the box, and others are oriented to the outer ribs of the room, at the same time! the dividing walls at least of one of the sectors are connected! at the outer ribs of the chamber, forming an isolated sector, and the partitions of the remaining sectors are placed with fair play! by the outer ribs of the chamber, forming communicating sectors. Each sector of the room is divided by continuous shelves into corners, each of them being placed accumulation elements, at the same time! in the box for each how many holes for the flow of gaseous thermal agent are executed. The exterior side and ceiling beams of the room are fitted with flat folding hermetic caps with chesoned section! with inlet / outlet connections and at least one channel for the gaseous thermal agent and the opening position fixed! at the same time! exterior surface! of the covers is thermal insulated !, and the interior surface !, oriented! to the camera, it is executed! in the form of a flat reflector of electromagnetic wave reflector material, the rotary axes of the lids being placed parallel to the chambers of the chamber. Inside the box is divided! in isolated gas pipes, each of them communicates! through the holes with one of the sectors of the room, and one communicates! with the ceiling compartment. Near the outer lateral beam of one of the communicating sectors in the floor there is an orifice included, and at the base! an inlet / outlet of the gaseous thermal agent is located. Based on the isolated sector near the external fefa, an inlet / outlet of the gaseous thermal agent is located. The collector-accumulator confines a pipeline system for circulating the gaseous thermal agent with closing and adjusting elements, at the same time! one of the connections of the lid of the ceiling compartment is connected with the ceiling compartment, and the other, through the closure element, is joined to the system for circulating the gaseous thermal agent, one of the connections of each of the side pipe covers is connected to the inlet / outlet of the gaseous thermal agent based on the communicating sectors, and the other, through the closing element, is connected to the circulation system of the gaseous thermal agent. The absorber / radiator of the ceiling compartment can be executed in form! of black meshes placed parallel to the sheath and one below the other, and the heat exchanger! -absorbent can be executed in black and / or with several channels (with more bridges).

MD 4066 Cl 2010.08.31

In each sector from the base to the floor of the ceiling, parallel to the cover, with play against it and by connecting to the shelves of the sides, black meshes can be fixed.

The battery collector may contain air temperature, wind direction and speed sensors, installed outside the room; lighting sensors, installed near the transparent covering of each sector and ceiling compartment of the room outside and inside; two temperature sensors, installed in the upper corner area of ​​each sector inside the room: one at the outside of the room, and the other at the box; two temperature sensors installed in the ceiling compartment: one at the hole in the box and the other at the hole that closes on the floor near the side face.

Execution of the collector-accumulator in the form of a straight prism or a pyramid trunk, the lateral and ceiling faces of which are made of transparent material for electromagnetic radiation, the division of the interior volume of the room into sectors and a ceiling compartment, allows the conversion of solar energy (heating agent). thermal) during the day and atmospheric energy (cold storage) during the night by opening / closing the appropriate covers.

Dividing the sectors into categories, on which accumulation elements are installed, allows to carry out, through the proper organization of the movement of the thermal agent, the accumulation of heat / cold with the subsequent heating / cooling of the thermal agent in the volume of a device. The need to build a separate battery is excluded.

The piping system for the circulation of the gaseous thermal agent with closing and regulating elements and the box with the gas pipes allows to adjust the flow of the thermal agent in the internal volume of the accumulator-accumulator at various working regimes: heating / cooling of the thermal agent, accumulation of energy (charging), unloading - transferring consumer energy, simultaneously loading and unloading the corresponding sectors. The installation in the ceiling compartment of the heat exchanger without heat accumulation without water allows to carry out the heating / cooling of the liquid thermal agent used, for example, in the system of supplying hot water and / or heating. Execution of the heat exchanger without the accumulation of water with several channels (with multiple decks) increases the heat exchange surface, which increases the efficiency of the work. The execution of the absorber / radiator of the ceiling compartment in the form of a string of black meshes allows to intensify the absorption and the transfer of heat / cold from the account of the development (increase) of the heat exchange surface, at the same time it offers the possibility of the immediate absorption of the energy, for example, of the energy. by the heat exchanger without accumulation of black water.

Providing the sides of the collector-accumulator with heat-insulating caps with reflectors, installing and fixing them at a certain angle to the horizon, allows to control the operation of the device, and, in case of necessity and possibility, to direct the sector / compartment to the solar rays. reflected from the reflectors, which increases the power of the energy flow that enters the accumulator, increasing the efficiency of its operation. During the night the atmospheric cold can be used for cooling the gaseous thermal agent that passes through the lids and charging the cold battery.

Fixing the blackened nets from the base to the floor of the ceiling and parallel to the cover with the connection to the shelves of the corners in each sector, on the one hand, to the application of the friable accumulation elements, for example, of the pebble, allows to fix the accumulation elements on the shelves and to ensure the circulation of the gaseous thermal agent. On the other hand, the nets serve as absorber / radiator.

Providing the collector-accumulator with a system of sensors of wind direction and speed, temperature and lighting, their location, allows to perform the optimal control of the device friction by opening / closing the appropriate covers and installing them at an optimal angle. Indicators for the sensors are processed according to the known methods and the values ​​of the reference energy of the radiation entering the corresponding sector (s) / compartment of the collector-accumulator and the heat losses from the collector-accumulator are compared. At the positive power balance the lid (the ones) opens, and at the negative one - it closes.

The construction of the collector-accumulator is simple, the work is done with a gaseous and / or liquid thermal agent, the possibility of supplying the consumer with both heat and heat is ensured.

MD 4066 Cl 2010.08.31 with cold, which widens the functional possibilities of the collector-accumulator, without needing an additional heat / cold accumulator.

The invention is explained by the drawings in FIG. 1 - 7, in which the simplest is represented both from the point of view of the manufacture, as well as from the point of view of the construction and of the operating principle, for example the realization of the accumulator-accumulator, in which the chamber is executed in the form of a parallelepiped, and the gaseous thermal agent is the air:

FIG. 1, general view of the collector-accumulator, vertical section, front view of one of the sectors;

FIG. 2, the general view of the collector-accumulator, horizontal section (plan view, without caps);

FIG. 3, the vertical section of the collector-accumulator according to the isolated sector and one of the communicating sectors, view II in fig. 2;

FIG. 4, the diagram of the charge of the heat accumulator, of one of the communicating sectors;

FIG. 5, the diagram of the charge of the heat accumulator, of the isolated sector at the functioning of the ceiling compartment and of one of the communicating sectors;

FIG. 6, diagram of charging the cold battery, of one of the communicating sectors;

FIG. 7, diagram of the charge of the cold battery, of the isolated sector.

The battery collector confines о a thermal insulated chamber 1 with a transparent cover 2 for electromagnetic radiation. Under the cover 2 of the ceiling is installed with joe an opaque floor for beams with the formation of a ceiling compartment 4, in which an absorber / radiator is installed, executed in the form of a series of parallel black nets 5, under which on supports or consoles with joe , from floor 3, is fixed a heat exchanger without heat accumulator without water accumulation blackened with several channels 6 with connections of inlet and outlet of the liquid thermal agent. In the central part of the room between the base and the floor 3 is installed о vertical box 7. The interior volume of the room 1 from the base to the floor 3 of the ceiling is divided by continuous vertical partitions 8 in sectors 9, 10, 11, 12 trapezoidal in plan. Some lateral vertical ribs of all partitions 8 are connected to box 7, and others are oriented towards the outer ribs of room 1, at the same time the partitions 8 of sector 12 are connected to the outer vertical ribs of room 1, forming an isolated sector 12, and the dividing walls 8 of the remaining sectors 911 are located with joints relative to the outer vertical ribs of the chamber 1, forming communicating sectors 9, 10, 11. Each sector of room 1 is divided by continuous shelves 13 into piles, each of them having accumulation elements 14, executed, for example, from capacities (plastic bottles) filled with water. In box 7 for each how many holes 15 are executed for the flow of air thermal agent. The exterior side and ceiling fans of room 1 are equipped with 16 hermetic folding flat caps with a section with chiseled inlet / outlet connections and at least one channel for the aerial thermal agent and the fixed opening position. The outer surface of the covers 16 is thermally insulated, and the inner surface, oriented towards the chamber 1, is made in the form of a flat reflector made of electromagnetic wave reflector material. The rotational axes of the caps 16 of the side rails of the chamber 1 are located vertically and / or horizontally. Inside the box 7 is divided into air ducts 17, 18, 19, 20 isolated from each other, each communicating through the openings 15 with the corresponding sector 9-12 of the chamber, and the air conduit 20 of the box 7 through the opening 22 communicates with the ceiling compartment 4. Near the outer side rail of one of the communicating sectors 9-11 in the floor 3, a hole 23 is closed, which closes, for example, with a shaft, and at the base a hole 24 inlet / outlet of the air heat agent is executed. Based on the isolated sector 12 near the outer fefa, an inlet / outlet port of the air thermal agent is located. The accumulator collector confines a system of pipes 26 for the circulation of the air thermal agent with closing and adjusting elements Tl, executed, for example, in the form of valves and / or electromagnetic valves. One of the connections of the lid 16 of the ceiling compartment 4 is connected with the ceiling compartment 4, and the other, through the closing element Tl, is joined to the pipe system 26 for the circulation of the air thermal agent. One of the connections of each of the covers 16 of the side rails of the communicating sectors 9-11 is connected to the inlet 24 / inlet / outlet of the air thermal agent based on the communicating sectors 9-11, and the other, through the closing element 27, is joined to the system

MD 4066 Cl 2010.08.31 pipes 26 for the circulation of the air thermal agent. Outside of room 1 an air temperature sensor 28 is installed. Near the transparent casing 2 of each sector 9-12 and the ceiling compartment 4 of room 1 on the outside and inside, lighting sensors 29 are installed. In the area of ​​the upper corner of each sector 9-12 inside room 1, two temperature sensors 30, 31 are installed: one (30) on the outside of room 1, and the other (31) in box 7. In the ceiling compartment 4, The temperature sensors 32, 33 are located, correspondingly, at the hole 22 of the box 7 and at the hole 23 which closes in the floor 3 near the side face. Outside of room 1 a wind direction and speed sensor 34 can be installed. In the system of pipes 26 for the circulation of the air thermal agent is installed! о pump! (fan) 35, and the collector-accumulator system itself is connected! at the consumer's heat / cold supply system. As an isolated sector 12, the weakest lighting sector is chosen, oriental preferably to the north.

The battery collector operates as follows.

The charge mode of the heat battery (figs. 3, 4, 5). According to the known methods, the indications of the lighting and temperature sensors are processed and the opportunity to open / close the covers 16 of one or another of the sectors 9-12 and the ceiling compartment 4 is established. between the shelves of the hinges 13 and the transparent sheath 2. In view of the fact that lid 16 of sectors 9-11 is open, the pipe system 26 is connected! corresponding air line 17-19 of the box. The solar radiation !, which passes through the transparent casing 2 of the open sector 9-11, is absorbed by the external accumulation elements 14, located near the transparent casing 2, which are heated. The air coming in! through the hole 24 and passes in the game between the transparent shell 2 and the shelves of the sides 13, it is also heated by solar energy! and through the hole 15 of the box 7 of the corresponding sector 9-11 is aspirated in the connected air duct 17-19! to system 26. Passing through the corners between the accumulation elements 14, the air, heated in the game and from the external accumulation elements 14 heated directly by the solar radiation !, yields! thermal energy! the accumulating elements 14, placed on the sides near the box 7. The heating zone of the accumulating elements 14 moves from the transparent casing 2 to the box 7 and their heat loading takes place. At the open hole 23 of the floor 3 and the open lid 16 of the ceiling compartment 4 (when the compartment 4 is functioning) and the heat loading of one of the sectors 9-11 is achieved! Also, the heat loading of the insulated sector 12 (see fig. 5, the lid of the sector 12 is closed). The air in compartments 9-11, which penetrates through the hole 24, penetrates into compartment 4. The hole 25 from the isolated sector 12 is connected! to the pipe system 26, and the air pipe 21 of the ceiling compartment 4 is connected! at the air pipe 20 of the isolated sector 12. Air circulation occurs after! diagram: orifice 24 - chamber 1 orifice 23, which closes from floor 3, - ceiling compartment 4 - hole 22 of box 7 for ceiling compartment 4 - air duct 21 of ceiling compartment 4 - air duct 20 of the sector insulated 12 - the openings 15 of the box 7 of the isolated sector 12 - the isolated sector 12 - the opening 25 of the base of the sector 12 - the pipe system 26. The air, passing through the absorber (the black mesh 5 heated by the solar radiation! And the heat exchanger absorber 6), heats up and transfers the heat to the accumulation elements 14 of the insulated sector 12. At the operation of the ceiling compartment 4, at the same time it is achieved! heating of the liquid thermal agent, which passes through the absorber / heat exchanger 6 blackened and heated by the solar radiation. If the cover 16 of the insulated sector 12 is open, the loading of the heat sector 12 is analogous to the heat loading of the sectors 9-11. Air circulation occurs after! diagram: orifice 25 sector 12 - orifices 15 of the box 7 - air duct 20 of the box 7 - duct system 26. At the point of the ceiling compartment 4 the heated air in it can be directed both to the consumer and through the duct system 26 in active sectors 9-12.

Battery charging mode (see figs. 6, 7). All the covers 16 are opened. The reflectors of the covers 16, the absorber / radiator (black mesh 5), the absorber of the heat exchanger 6, the external accumulation elements 14 are cooled by means of the heat transfer by electromagnetic radiation! by the transparent coating 2 in the atmosphere. The air, passing through the indicated elements of the collector-accumulator and contacting

MD 4066 Cl 2010.08.31 with them, it cools down. Through one of the connections of the cover 16 of the sectors 9-11, connected to the pipe system 26, the air is introduced into the air ducts 17 - 19 of the box 7. Then through the holes 15 of the box 7 the air enters the sides with the accumulation elements 14 of the sectors 9-11, giving them cold. Through the opening 24 from the base of the communicating sectors 9-11 the air through the second connection enters the covers 16 of the 911 sectors. Air circulation is complete. The circulation of the air when the isolated sector 12 and the ceiling compartment 4 with the closed hole 23 in the floor 3 is created according to the diagram: the pipe system 26 - the air duct 21 of the ceiling compartment 4 through the opening 22 of the box 7 in the ceiling compartment 4 - through one of the connections in the lid 16 of the ceiling compartment 4 - through another connection and the closing and adjusting element 27 in the pipe system 26 - the air pipe 20 of the insulated sector 12 - through the openings 15 of the box 7 in the isolated sector 12 - through the opening 25 from the base of the isolated sector 12 in the pipe system 26. The outline of the roads is closed.

The use of various schemes of circulation of the thermal agent, the location and the control of the closing and adjusting elements allow to realize different modes of operation of the accumulator-accumulator, for example, the simultaneous loading and / or unloading of the accumulating elements, loading some and unloading other elements sectors - power supply). During the summer the accumulator-collector can operate on the accumulation of cold for the air conditioning system, as well as on heating the liquid thermal agent. During the transitional periods and during the hema the accumulator-collector works for the heating system.

The application of the invention allows the effective use of natural sources for heat / cold supply systems with minimal costs for their manufacture.