Solar water heater

Description:

The invention relates to heliotechnics, in particular to devices that use solar energy to heat water.

The solar storage heater for water heating is known, which confines a teno-insulating body, a transparent lid, a heat-absorbing bottom, on which tubular tanks of transparent or soft transparent plastic material are placed. The system includes piping and bypass pipes [1].

The disadvantage of the known construction is the constant surface of absorption of the solar energy, which influences on the heating time of the water with о amount of variable solar energy, which reaches.

The problem solved by the proposed solar water heater is to provide a sufficient amount of heat, at a given volume of water, even in the case of reducing the amount of solar energy that comes, as well as simplifying the construction, reducing its weight.

The problem is solved by the fact that the solar water heater confines a teno-insulating body with a transparent coating and a heat-absorbing bottom, inside which is placed a heat exchanger of transparent plastic material, equipped with inlet and outlet connections. The body is telescoped, and the heat exchanger as a variable section pipe in the coil, its straight sectors being joined together by flexible tubes. The straight sectors of the heat exchanger can be made of the smallest о pair of retorts joined together by the necks, at the bottom of each retort being fixed a jointing device with the flexible tube, which confines a head with a support head, located inside the retort, and tightening nut, located outside it.

О such execution of the water heater allows, in the case of the reduction of the intensity of the solar radiation, to disassemble the body, that is to increase the surface of absorption of the solar energy and to place the heat exchanger on this surface so that the surface of each sector of heat exchanger heat to obtain the maximum amount of heat. Also contributing to this is the presence of flexible tubes, which connect the right sectors of the heat exchanger. The proposed construction of the coupling device allows to ensure the demountable character of the joint and at the same time to exclude water leakage. The execution of the variable section pipe ensures above the water a volume filled with air, which is not completely displaced from the pipe. This air layer provides an additional greenhouse effect, which influences the rate of water heating. And when it comes to reducing the solar intensity, it is an additional non-insulating element.

The invention is explained by means of the drawings in FIG. 1 - 4, which represents:

FIG. 1, the main scheme of the solar water heater;

FIG. 2, the same heater, with the body and the sections of the heat exchanger disassembled;

FIG. 3, section A - A in fig. 1;

FIG. 4, the view В in fig. 1.

The proposed solar water heater confines the telescopic body 1, equipped with technical insulation, the bottom color is heated 2 light absorber, the heater also confines the cover 3, made of transparent material, for example from polyethylene film, which at the internal dimensions of the body it rolls, and when the body is broken it unfolds. Inside the body 1 is located the heat exchanger 4, executed as a variable section pipe, for example, consisting of transparent retorts 5 of plastic grinders, for example polyethylene bottles, joined together by means of the holes 6. The connection can be rigid, that is, by welding or by means of sleeves. The bottom 7 of each retort 5 is provided with a coupling device in the shape of a socket 8 and a tightening nut 9. The shaft 8 is endowed with the support head 10, which is located inside the retort 5, and the nut 9 is located outside the retort. The shank 8 and the nut 9 are respectively provided with о ring spherical release 11 and о spherical ring projection 12. When screwing the nut 9, its protrusion 12 tightens the bottom of the plastic retort 7 from the ring spherical release 11 of the shank 8, ensuring the grip on the entire surface 8 excluding heat flow. On tube 8 flexible tubes 13 are coated, which ensure that the retort sections 5 move relative to each other. Being assembled, the pipe for the heat agent looks like a coil, equipped with intake manifold 14 and exhaust connection 15. The heat exchanger as a whole is located in the body 1 and is filled with water, then installed on the roof of the house, for example , where the solar energy is maximum.

As transparent retorts can serve plastic bottles, in which there was water, with the volume of 1.5 1 or more. The proposed construction allows you to quickly change the retort or increase the volume of the heat exchanger.

The solar water heater operates as follows.

MD 2010 G2 2002.09.30 depending on the quantity of hot water required, the plastic retort 5 is formed, forming a variable volume pipe in serpentine of a certain volume. The heat exchanger 4 assembled in this manner is installed in the body 1, closing the body with о transparent coating 3, for example with о transparent polyethylene film. Depending on the intensity of the solar radiation, the sections of the heat exchanger 4 are located so that they come into contact (high intensity of the radiation) or are dissolved together with the body 1 (low intensity of the radiation). Then the heat exchanger through pipe 14 is filled with water. The water during a certain time period is heated, due to the rise of the temperature inside the body 1. The heating takes place over the entire volume of the heat exchanger, because it is in a closed space, bounded by the heat absorbing bottom 2, by the thermal insulation walls of the body 1 and by the transparent covering 3. After heating the entire volume of water, the connection is opened outlet 15 and intake manifold 14. Hot water is replaced by cold water and the process is repeated.

When reducing the intensity of the solar energy the body 1 and the sections of the heat exchanger 4 are dissolved, the surface of absorption of the rays is increased, the volume of the heating water remaining the same.

As the tests of the proposed solar heater have shown, a volume of water of 150 1 is heated up to 70 ° C in 5 .. .6 hours at о intensive solar radiation.