Methods and apparatus for combining and/or transmitting multiple symbol streams

Method and apparatus for combining and/or transmitting multiple symbol streams

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for efficient use of air link resources for signaling, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for efficient overlapping transmission in a wireless communication system.

In a wireless multi-access communication system, a limited number of available air link resources (e.g., bandwidth over time) need to be shared among a plurality of users. A fixed number of air link resources may be stored for the downlink traffic channel signaling, which is configured by the base station scheduler to the wireless terminal, such as a wireless terminal based on each segment. As one of the network attachment points (e.g., designated sectors and/or cells) used to locate one of the wireless terminals within its wireless coverage area, the base station is limited in number of active users, and such users are available The downlink traffic channel signal is received within a predetermined time interval. Such restrictions are based on the number and capacity of traffic channel segments available for assignment to the user within a given time interval. Other factors contributing to user capacity include channel conditions and interference levels in the system. In some embodiments, each downlink traffic channel section contains a fixed number of minimum transmission units (MTUs), for example, to pass modulation, in order to facilitate assignment and reduce the additional burden associated with the assignment. The same fixed number of MTUs of the signal. For a fixed size of a given downlink traffic channel segment, the number of information bits that can be conveyed in a given downlink traffic channel segment is the selected coding rate and the modulation scheme for the segment (eg, QSPK) , QAM16, QAM64) function.

In order to increase the number of active users supported by a base station network attachment point in a sector or cell, some systems use overlapping signaling, where for a given MTU or MTU set, high power signaling is directed to The first user or group of users directs low power signaling to the second user or group of users, both signals being communicated simultaneously using the same air link resources. The implementation of overlapping signaling tends to establish interference problems.

In general, there is a wide range of changes in user requests and/or requirements based on downlink traffic channel signaling requirements at any given time in the communication system. Some users (such as users who download large data files, video images, programs, etc.) may have a large number of information bits or information bits to receive and will use block coding to get large traffic channel segments. Appropriate service. Other users (such as users receiving voice messages or packets of short messages) may only need to receive a small number of information bits at the same time and will be compared if the downlink traffic channel segment size and block size are small. good service. A user may have been receiving large information bitstreams and utilizing air link resources efficiently, but now only a small number of extra bits need to be communicated to complete the transfer. In general, the unused information bit capacity within the encoded downlink traffic channel section can be padded with a known value (eg, zero) to complete the encoded block. However, such implementations waste air link resources and create unnecessary interference.

Time constraints on downlink data may also be an important consideration when scheduling users. For example, some users (eg, users in voice applications such as VoIP) may only need to transmit a small amount of data in the downlink; however, each time a small amount of data is delivered, it takes time. Certain existing downlink traffic channel segment structures, such as embodiments configured to efficiently communicate data such as text or video, may not facilitate such specific embodiments. For example, each downlink traffic channel section can be configured to contain a number of MTUs to support data applications; however, typical blocks of speech information bits to be simultaneously communicated can be largely smaller than the downlink traffic channel section. The number of information bit locations. Timing constraints on blocks of speech bits can prevent a plurality of speech bit blocks from aggregating into a single downlink traffic channel segment. In addition, frequent requests by the voice user for the downlink traffic channel segment may tend to monopolize the available downlink transmission slots and reduce the total system downlink user profile output.

In addition, at different times, the same wireless terminal may have different downlink data requirements, such as switching between user applications, digesting received data, continuing to enter data to communicate on the uplink, and the like.

In light of the above, it should be appreciated that more efficient apparatus and methods are needed to use air link resources to support downlink traffic channel signaling in a plurality of users' wireless communication systems using a wide variety of resource requirements. It would be advantageous to use methods and apparatus that enable low data rate users and high data rate users to coexist and share air link resources, with each user utilizing one of the resources for coding and modulation techniques. It is also utilized to use the following techniques: it reduces the amount of wasted resources due to the excess information bit capacity unused in the segment. It is also advantageous to use data efficient overlapping signaling techniques that limit the number of superimposed signals transmitted within a sector, thus limiting interference, and the number of active users supported can be increased.

Various embodiments relate to a method and apparatus for transmission. In accordance with certain exemplary embodiments, a modulation symbol from a first modulated symbol stream having at least one minimum zero symbol rate is interleaved with a modulation symbol from a second modulated symbol stream. The first and second modulated symbol streams generally correspond to different sets of data to be communicated, such as the first and second sets of data.

The first modulated symbol stream can be from a Zero Symbol Rate (ZSR) encoding/modulation module that produces a modulated stream having a predetermined or selected zero symbol rate. The second modulated symbol stream can be a modulated symbol stream from one of the other types of encoding/modulation modules.

In some embodiments, the first and second modulated symbol streams are input to an interleaver module. The interleaver module mixes the two input streams when assigning modulation symbols to be communicated in a communication section.

In some embodiments, a modulation position is assigned to the non-zero modulation symbol if a modulation symbol corresponding to the first modulated symbol stream (eg, the ZSR modulated symbol stream) is a non-zero modulation symbol. If the modulation symbol from the first modulation symbol stream is a zero modulation symbol, the transmission position is configured to the modulation symbol from another encoding/modulation module. In this way, a non-zero modulation symbol from the second modulated symbol stream is transmitted in the segment position, which corresponds to the zero-modulation symbol corresponding to the first modulated symbol stream.

A non-zero modulation symbol transmitted from the first modulated symbol stream is transmitted at a power higher than one of the non-zero modulation symbols from another module. The power difference facilitates recovering the first modulated symbol stream by a first receiver that is expected to receive information in the first modulated symbol stream and is convenient for receiving and recovering information in the second modulated stream by expectation The second receiver recovers the information in the second modulated stream.

According to various embodiments, the first and second users are selected to have different received power requirements. The receiver for receiving the first transmit modulated symbol stream is expected to treat the lower power non-zero modulation symbol corresponding to the second modulated stream as noise. Thus, in some embodiments, the symbols can be simply filtered out.

Transmitting a low power modulated symbol intended for a second receiver by using a transmission unit of a sector used to convey a zero modulation symbol of another symbol stream, through a shared transmission resource (eg, a minimum transmission unit of a sector) To achieve communication efficiency, multiple receivers can recover information using a shared minimum transmission unit.

The methods and apparatus for transmitting the various embodiments may be, but are not necessarily, implemented in a base station. Various embodiments are related to storage methods and devices, and to storage devices (eg, memory devices) for storing one or more of the routines that can be used to implement one or more of the steps, and are also related to Circuitry (eg, integrated circuit wafers) that can be used to implement one or more modules or devices.

While the specific embodiments have been discussed in the foregoing [invention], it should be understood that not all of the specific embodiments include the same features, and in some embodiments, some of the features described above are not essential, but It may be desirable to have this feature.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary communication system 100. System 100 includes apparatus and methods for efficiently utilizing downlink traffic channel air link resources. The exemplary system 100 can be, for example, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communication system that uses overlapping signaling in the downlink. System 100 includes a plurality of cells (cell 1 102, cell M 104). Each cell (cell 1 102, cell M 104) represents a radio coverage area for the corresponding base station (BS 1 106, BS M 108), respectively. The system 100 includes a plurality of wireless terminals (WTs) (WT 1 110, WT N 112, WT 1 '114, WT N' 116). At least some of the WTs are mobile nodes (MNs); the MNs can move throughout the system 100. Each WT (110, 112, 114, 116) may establish a radio link corresponding to a cell in which the WT is currently located. In FIG. 1, (WT 1 110, WT N 112) are coupled to BS 1 106 via wireless links (118, 120), respectively; (WT 1' 114, WT N via wireless links (122, 124), respectively '116) is coupled to BS M 108.

The BSs (106, 108) are coupled to the network node 126 via network links (128, 130), respectively. Network node 126 is coupled via network link 132 to other network nodes, such as routers, other base stations, AAA server nodes, home agent nodes, etc., and/or the Internet. Network links 128, 130, and 132 can be, for example, fiber optic links. Network node 126 and network links 128, 130, 132 are part of a post-network that links together BSs in different cells and provides connectivity to locate WTs in a cell. Peer-to-peer communication in different cells.

System 100 is shown as having cells, each cell having one sector. The methods and apparatus are also applicable to systems having more than one sector per cell (e.g., 2, 3, or more sectors per cell), and having different numbers per cell in different portions of the system The system of sectors. Moreover, the methods and apparatus are also applicable to a number of non-cellular wireless communication systems including at least one base station and a plurality of wireless terminals.

2 is a diagram of an exemplary base station 200. The exemplary BS 200 is sometimes referred to as an access node. BS 200 can be any of BSs (106, 108) of system 100 of FIG. The exemplary BS 200 includes a receiver 202, a transmitter 204, a processor 206, an I/O interface 208, and a memory 210 coupled via a busbar 212, in which components can exchange data and News.

Receiver 202 is coupled to receive antenna 203, which can receive uplink signals from a plurality of wireless terminals. Receiver 202 includes a decoder 214 for decoding one of the received encoded uplink signals. The received encoded uplink signal may include a request for an uplink traffic channel resource, a channel quality report feedback message, and an uplink traffic channel signal.

Transmitter 204 is coupled to transmit antenna 205, on which pilot signals, flag signals, assignment messages, downlink traffic channel signals are transmitted to a plurality of wireless terminals. The transmitter 204 includes an encoding and modulation transmission module 216. The encoding and modulation transfer module 216 supports overlapping signaling. The encoding and modulation transmission module 216 can encode and modulate the information bits corresponding to the first selected user and the second selected user, combine the information, and transmit the same downlink traffic channel segment air link resource. The combination of the overlap signals.

The I/O interface 208 couples the BS 200 to other network nodes, such as routers, other base stations, AAA server nodes, home agent nodes, and/or the Internet. The I/O interface 208 provides an interface to a post-network that provides interconnection between nodes in different cells.

Memory 210 includes routine 218 and data/information 220. Processor 206 (e.g., CPU) executes routine 218 and uses data/information 220 in memory 210 to operate BS 200 and implement methods.

The routine 218 includes a communication routine 222 and a base station control routine 224. The communication routine 222 implements various communication protocols used by the BS 200. The base station control routine 224 controls the operation of the BS 200, including the operation of the receiver 202, the operation of the transmitter 204, the operation of the I/O interface 208, and the implementation of the method. The base station control routine 224 includes a scheduling module 226, a downlink signaling module 228, and an uplink signaling module 230.

The downlink signaling module 228 includes a channel quality determining module 232, an assigned transmitting module 227, and an encoding and modulation transmission control module 234. The encoding and modulation transmission module 234 includes a first user selection module 236, an encoding and modulation module X 238, a second user selection module 240, and an encoding and modulation module Y 242.

The scheduling module 226 (e.g., scheduler) schedules uplink and downlink channel air link resources (e.g., segments) to the wireless terminal user. The operation of the scheduler 226 includes assigning a downlink traffic channel segment to a particular wireless terminal of the plurality of wireless terminals in accordance with the scheduling policy, the first user selection module 236 and the second user selection module 240. The operating scheduler 226 can schedule the same downlink traffic channel segment for the two users to convey different information for each of the two users.

The downlink signaling module 228 controls the operation of the transmitter 204 and its encoding and modulation transmission module 216 to transmit downlink signals including downlink traffic segment assignment messages 262 and downlinks including overlapping signals. Traffic channel signal. The channel quality decision module 232 determines the communication channel quality between the base station 200 and the wireless terminal 300 (see FIG. 3) for each of the WTs 300 in consideration, based on the channel quality feedback report 258 received from the WT 300, for example. .

The assignment transmission module 227 generates an assignment message and controls the transmission of the generated assignment message, the generated assignment message containing assignment information for the downlink traffic channel section. At least some of the assignment information indicates: a first wireless terminal, a corresponding downlink traffic channel section is assigned to the terminal for receiving a first data set; and a second wireless terminal, the same downlink The road traffic channel section is assigned to the terminal for receiving a second data set. For example, the first data set of the data is directed to a first user, and the first data set uses a zero symbol rate encoding and modulation scheme of the encoding and modulation module X 238 by zero and non-zero QPSK modulation symbols. The combination is passed; the second data set is directed to a second user, and the second data set is modulated by a modulation symbol (eg, QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, or QAM256 modulation symbols of the self-encoding and modulation module Y 242) Pass it on.

The encoding and modulation transfer module 234 controls the operation of the encoding and modulation transfer module 216. The first user module 236 selects a user to be assigned as the first user for the specific downlink traffic channel segment, and encodes and modulates the information to be transmitted to the first user by the encoding and modulation module X 238. . In some embodiments, the number of information bits that can be communicated in a given downlink traffic channel segment for a first type of user is less than the same downlink that can be used for a second type of user. The number of information bits passed in the traffic channel section. The first user selection module 236 selects a first type of user that is a function of the amount of information to be communicated within a given time interval. For example, a first type of user for a typical selection of a given segment may have a small amount of user profile/information currently to be received in the downlink, and if such a user is assigned to use for a given traffic channel segment For the second type of user, some of the available information bit locations for the segment will not be needed and will be populated (eg, with zero), wasting air link resources. Coding and Modulation Module X 238 includes a modulation selector module 244, a controllable encoder module 246, and a controllable QPSK modulator module 248. The modulation selector module 244 receives an indicator of a bit (BPM) value or a BPM value per MTU, such as a data rate indicator value indicating that a first user for selection is to be transmitted in a segment A number of frames of information bits, each frame having a fixed number of information bits, and the modulation selector module 244 generates: (i) a code rate indicator (CRI) that is directed to the controllable encoder module 246. The signal and (ii) are directed to a modulation scheme indicator (MSI) signal that can control the QPSK modulator module 248. The code rate indicator indicates a number of input information bits and a corresponding number of coded bits to be generated from the indicated number of input bits, for example, for each segment. The controllable encoder module 246 receives an unencoded information bit stream and a code rate indicator, the two inputs corresponding to the selected first user. The controllable encoder module 246 performs block coding on the number of received information bits (k) to be communicated in the section in which the plurality of coded bits (n) are generated. Controllable encoder 246 streams the coded bits into a subset of coded bits (each subset of coded bits will be communicated in the subsection) and forwards the coded bits to a controllable QPSK modulator module 248. In some embodiments, some of the coded bits of the subsection correspond to a symbol level pattern for the subsection and the other coded bits of the subsection correspond to the pass on the generated modulation symbol The value. The modulation scheme indicator (MSI) indicates which of the multiple zero symbol rate QPSK modulation schemes will be used to modulate the coding bits. In some embodiments, each possible zero symbol rate QPSK modulation scheme corresponds to a different number of zero MTU scores. For example, a first modulation scheme may include one zero-modulation symbol and one non-zero QPSK modulation symbol per sub-section, each sub-section including two MTUs; and a second modulation scheme may include three sub-sections per sub-section Zero-modulation symbols and one non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, each sub-section containing four MTUs; and a third modulation scheme may include seven zero-modulation symbols and one non-zero QPSK modulation symbol per sub-section Each subsection contains an MTU. Some different QPSK zero symbol rate modulation schemes may have different numbers of subsections per sector. Some different QPSK zero symbol rate modulation schemes may have the same number of sub-segments per sector, such as a different number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols per sub-section. Controllable QPSK modulation module 248 receives the MSI of the self-modulating selector module 244 and the coded bits of the self-controllable encoder module 246, and generates a set of QPSK modulation symbols for each subsection of the segment, each set of modulated symbols. Containing at least some of the zero-modulation symbols, the number of zero-modulated symbols divided by the number of MTUs per sub-section is a function of the MSI. The position of the non-zero modulation symbol and the value of the non-zero modulation symbol in the sub-section are generated by a controllable QPSK modulator module 248 that passes the coded bits corresponding to the information bits of the first user.

The second user selection module 240 selects a user to be assigned as the second user for the specific downlink traffic channel segment, and encodes and modulates the information to be transmitted to the second user by the encoding and modulation module Y242. . The second user selection module 240 selects a second user for the downlink traffic channel segment from the plurality of possible second users, which is functionally related to: (i) possible second user profile information For example, the channel condition and the modulated symbol power level, and (ii) the power level of the non-zero QSPK modulation symbol previously assigned to the first user of the same downlink traffic channel segment. For example, in the selection routine for the downlink traffic channel section, the second user selection module 240 may determine the selected first user non-zero modulation symbol power level and the same possible second user. a ratio of the power levels of the associated modulation symbols such that for a second user who may be eligible, the ratio should exceed a predetermined threshold greater than one of the minimum required thresholds required, thus the first user It should be possible to successfully detect the first user modulated signal, such as 3 dB or 5 dB tolerance. The second user selection module 240 controls the direction of the uncoded information bit stream corresponding to the second user of the encoding and modulation module Y 242, and sends an indicator signal to indicate the BPM (which is the measurement of the data rate) And the coding and modulation module Y to be used for the coding and modulation power level of the second user information bit stream) 242. For example, the encoding and modulation module Y 242 can support a plurality of different data rate levels that can be selected, each data rate corresponding to a modulation scheme (eg, conventional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256), a coding rate and An associated modulation symbol power level. The encoding and modulation module Y 242 includes an encoder module 250 and a modulator module 252. Encoder module 250 encodes a set of information bits (e.g., a set of information bits passed in a segment) into a set of encoded bits, the pattern of encoded bits indicating a codeword. The output of the self-encoder module 250 (i.e., coded bits) is directed to a modulator module 252 that encodes according to a selected modulation scheme (e.g., conventional QPSK, QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 with a specified power level). The bit value is converted to a modulation symbol, such as a QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 modulation symbol.

In some embodiments, various features and/or functions included in the encoding and modulation transfer control module 242 may be implemented in part or in the encoding and modulation transfer module 216. In FIG. 2, a modulation selector module 244, a controllable encoder module 246, a controllable QPSK modulator module 248, an encoder module 250, a modulator module 252, and a second user selection mode are shown. The group 240 has been indicated by the dashed line as being visually included in the downlink signaling module 234; such functionality not included in the downlink signaling module 234 will typically be included in the encoding and modulation transmission module 216. For example, in hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software. 4 and 5 provide an exemplary embodiment that includes at least some of the functionality previously described for the encoding and modulation transfer control module 234 implemented in the encoding and modulation transfer module 216 within the transmitter 204.

The uplink signaling module 230 controls the operation of the receiver 202 and its decoder 214, including receiving, demodulating and decoding channel quality reports 258 and received uplink traffic channel messages 260.

The data/information 220 contains a plurality of sets of WT data/information 254 (WT 1 data/information 268, WTN data/information 270) and system data/information 256. The WT 1 data/information 268 includes user profile 272, WT identification information 274, device/session/resource information 276, channel quality information 278, downlink resource request information 280, and downlink traffic channel segment assignment section information 282. .

User profile 272 contains user profile/information, such as data/information representing voice, text, or video originating from one of the peer nodes of WT 1 that is to communicate with WT 1 via a downlink traffic channel segment signal. The user profile 272 also includes user profile/information that is received from the WT 1 on the uplink traffic channel segment and is intended to be forwarded to one of the WT 1 peer nodes in a communication session with the WT 1.

The WT identification information 274 includes, for example, a base station assignment active subscriber identity and an IP address associated with WT 1. Device/session/resource information 276 includes uplink and downlink segments, such as traffic channel segments assigned to WT 1 by scheduling module 226, and peers containing WT 1 for communication sessions with WT 1 The session information of the node's address and routing information. Channel quality information 278 includes channel quality feedback information, channel estimation information, and channel interference information. Channel quality information 278 is used by user selection modules 236,240. Downlink resource request information 280 includes information indicating requests (eg, received requests, granted requests, prominent requests, current requests), estimated information for downlink traffic channel resources required by WT 1, for example, according to Information bits and/or information about the information bits to be communicated. Downlink resource request information 280 may also include restriction information associated with requests (eg, priority levels, time constraints, reliability requirements, emergency situations, retransmission policies, etc.).

The downlink traffic channel segment assignment section information 282 includes information bits 284, segment identification information 286, and encoding/modulation information 288. For WT 1, there may be a multi-set of DL traffic channel assignment section information 282, such as a set of information 282 scheduled by the scheduling module 226 for WT 1 for each DL traffic channel section assignment. Information bit 284 includes information bits that are input to control encoder module 246 or encoder module 250. The section identification information 286 identifies the downlink traffic channel section and the category of the WT 1 in the downlink timing structure as a first type of user or a second type of user. The encoding/modulation information 288 includes modulation type information 290 (eg, QPSK and zero symbol rate modulation scheme), traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256, wherein the modulation scheme may include the first type of user subsection size, encoding Rate, zero MTU score information, and coded bit map information. The encode/modulate information 288 also includes per MTU bit 299, modulated symbol transmit power information 294, encoded bit 296, and modulated symbol information 298. The coded bit 296 can be output from one of the controllable encoder module 246 or the encoder module 250, and the modulated symbol information 298 can include the value of the modulated symbol to be generated by the modulation module 248 or 252.

The system data/information 256 includes uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 207, encoding/modulation module X information 209, and encoding/modulation module Y information 211. The uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 207 includes MTU information 213 and downlink traffic channel segment information 215. For example, the minimum transmission unit (MTU) may be an OFDM tone symbol representing one of the basic air link resources for an OFDM system, such as a tone for the duration of one OFDM symbol timing interval. Downlink traffic channel segment information 215 includes information identifying each downlink traffic channel segment in the downlink timing and frequency structure, such as each segment containing a fixed number of designated predetermined OFDM tone symbols. The uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 207 also contains other system structure information such as symbol timing information, pitch spacing information, number of uplink tones, number of downlink tones, uplink carrier frequency, downlink Link carrier frequency, uplink bandwidth, downlink bandwidth, uplink tone set, downlink tone set, uplink tone drift information, uplink stay information, downlink tone drift information, uplink Traffic segment structure information, repetitive timing structures, such as symbol time intervals, and aggregation of symbol time intervals (eg, dwell slots, half slots, slots, super slots, flag slots, super slots, and the like).

The code/modulation module X information 209 includes first user selection criteria 228, such as the level of BPM user requirements supported by the implemented first user code and modulation data rate levels. The code rate indicator information 219 includes, for example, a lookup table that associates the code rate indicator value with the number of information bits, the number of coded bits, and the information of the information bits mapped to the coded bits used. The information of the encoded bit is mapped to a zero/non-zero modulated symbol position, and the encoded bit is mapped to a modulated symbol value. The MSI information 221 includes information that associates each modulation scheme indicator value with one of a plurality of modulation schemes that can be used by the controllable QPSK modulator module 248. Sub-section information 223 includes information identifying possible sub-segment sizes (eg, 2, 4, or 8 MTU per sub-section), identifying information for each sub-segment within a segment, identifying each sub-region within the segment Information on the location of the segment.

The encoding and modulation module Y information 211 includes a second user selection criterion 225, encoding/modulation information 227, and power information 229. The second user selection criteria 225 includes information used by the second user selection module 240 to evaluate possible second users for the downlink traffic channel segment, such as user profile assessment criteria information, data rate levels. Information, the threshold value of the power ratio of the first user assigned, and the like. The encoding/modulation information 227 includes information about a plurality of data rate levels supported by the encoding and modulation module Y250. Each data rate level corresponds to a coding rate, which includes a plurality of information bits and coding bits. Number and modulation symbol types, such as traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256. Power information 229 includes a reference power level associated with each data rate level identified in information 227.

The data/information 220 also includes the received channel quality report 258, the received uplink traffic channel message 260, the data message 261 received via the I/O interface, the downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 262, and possibly the second use. Information 264 and power ratio information 266. The received channel quality report 258 is, for example, a feedback report from the WT 300 and indicating the quality of the downlink channel under measurement, such as a feedback report based on the received pilot signal and/or the received flag signal. The received uplink traffic channel message 260 contains user information that is intended to be sent to the peer node of the WT transmitting the uplink signal. The data message 261 received via the I/O interface contains user data received via the back-end network, which is requested to be transmitted via the downlink traffic channel signal to a WT that currently uses the BS 200 as its network attachment point. For example, the BS 200 can receive N frames requesting communication to the user profile of the WT 1 via the I/O interface 208; WT that may have initially communicated with the WT 1 1 One of the peer nodes generates N frames of user data received. N frames that can be accompanied by user data by limiting information (such as time validity information). The downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 262 is an assignment message that is generated to convey downlink traffic segment assignment information. In some embodiments, the section assignment message 262 also includes user identification for an assigned section of the first type of user or the second type of user regarding the overlap that occurs within the section. Send a letter. In some embodiments, the assignment message is located in a timing/frequency structure as understood by BS 200 and WT 300 to determine the overlap with the location of the assignment message containing the user ID within the base station timing/frequency structure. The associated downlink traffic channel segment and/or type of user is associated. The possible second user information 264 includes user profile information, such as channel quality information 278 retrieved and processed for each of a plurality of second users deemed to be used for a given downlink traffic channel segment. The first/second user power ratio information 266 includes power ratio information corresponding to a calculation of possible transmit modulation symbols that can be superimposed for a given downlink traffic channel segment. When the second user for the predetermined downlink traffic channel segment is determined, the power ratio information 266 is compared to the second user selection criteria 225 by the second user selection module 240.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an exemplary wireless terminal set 300. WT 300 can be any of the WTs (110, 112, 114, 116) of system 100 of FIG. The exemplary WT 300 includes a receiver 302, a transmitter 304, a processor 306, a user I/O device 308, and a memory 310 coupled via a bus 312, in which components are interchangeable Information and information.

Receiver 302 is coupled to receive antenna 303, through which downlink signal from BS 200 is received, including assignments for downlink traffic channel segments and including uplink traffic channel segments under overlapping signals signal. Receiver 302 includes a demodulator/decoder 314 that is used by WT 300 to demodulate and decode the downlink signals received from BS 200. For a given downlink traffic channel segment, if the segment is assigned to the WT and the first user of the segment is assigned to it, the WT demodulates and decodes the received overlap signal to obtain a stronger The level modulated signal includes a non-zero QPSK modulated signal having a relatively higher power level for the second user modulated signal and the second user modulated signal is considered as a noise. As a result, WT 300 recovers its estimate of the first user information bit passed in the downlink traffic channel section.

For a given downlink traffic channel segment, if the segment is assigned to the WT 300 and a second user of the segment is assigned to it, the WT demodulates the received overlap signal to extract the stronger bit. a quasi-modulated signal comprising a non-zero QPSK modulated signal having a relatively higher power level for the second user modulated signal, the second user modulated signal being considered as a noise; then the WT 300 is from the original The demodulated QPSK modulation symbol is subtracted from the received overlapping signal and the remaining signals, such as a low power level QPSK signal or a QAM signal, are demodulated and decoded to obtain an estimate of the second user information bit. This is one way to decode the weaker signals that are superimposed.

The advantages of the modulation and coding scheme come in part from an alternative decoding method for one of the specific embodiments required for the second user. The introduction of zero symbols facilitates novel decoding methods and makes the decoding method unfavorable for channel estimation errors. A receiver can decode weaker signals without decoding stronger signals and subtracting stronger signals from the received signals. For example, if a receiver is capable of detecting and erasing a signal that is large compared to a predetermined nominal value, the receiver can decode the second weaker signal without even knowing the presence of a stronger signal, but a stronger signal. Except for peak interference appearing on top of the transmission of the second weaker signal.

Transmitter 304 is coupled to transmit antenna 305, through which uplink signals are transmitted to BS 200, which include channel quality report 394 and uplink traffic channel segment user profile information 396. The uplink traffic channel segment user profile message 396 directed to one of the peer nodes of the WT 300 can be interpreted as a downlink traffic channel segment resource at the base station 200 that is the network attachment point for the peer node. The request is because the BS 200 needs to assign a downlink traffic channel section to convey information to the peer node over a wireless link. In some embodiments, the same antenna is used as the transmit antenna 305 and the receive antenna 303. Transmitter 304 includes an encoder 316 for encoding uplink data/information prior to transmission.

User I/O device 308 includes, for example, a microphone, a speaker, a keypad, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a camera, a display, an alarm, a vibrating device, and the like. Each user I/O device 308 is used to input user profile/information intended for the peer node of the WT 300 and to output data/information received from the peer node of the WT 300. In addition, user I/O device 308 is used by the operator of WT 300 to initiate functions such as powering up, powering off, placing a call, terminating a call, and the like.

Memory 310 includes routine 318 and data/information 320. Processor 306 (e.g., CPU) executes routine 318 and uses data/information 320 in memory 310 to control the operation of WT 300.

The routine 318 includes a communication routine 322 and a wireless terminal control routine 324. Communication routine 322 implements various communication protocols used by WT 300. The wireless terminal control routine 324 controls the operation of the WT 300, including the operation of the receiver 302, the transmitter 304, and the user I/O device 308. The wireless terminal control routine 324 includes a downlink signaling module 326 that controls the operation of the receiver 302 and an uplink signaling module 328 that controls the operation of the transmitter 304.

The downlink signaling module 326 includes a channel quality determining module 330 and a decoding and demodulation variable control module 332. Channel quality decision module 330 processes the received downlink pilot and/or flag signals and generates a channel quality report 394. The decoding and demodulation control module 332 includes a first user module 334 and a second user module 336. The first user module 334 controls the operation of the demodulation transformer/decoder 314 to process the received overlapping downlink channel signals and retrieve the first user information bits. The first user module 334 includes an energy detection module 338, a modulation symbol processing module 340, a sub-section decoding module 342, and a segment block decoding module 343. In some embodiments, each combination of one or more modules 338, 340, 342, and 343 can be implemented as a single module, for example, to perform as a coded block corresponding to one of the segments. Sub-section and segment decoding operations for joint operations. The energy detection module 338 processes the received signal, which corresponds to the downlink traffic channel segment, WT 300 has been assigned to the segment as the first user to determine which signal of the received signal (e.g., according to what MTU, such as what OFDM tone symbol in the segment) is a relatively higher energy signal. Overlapping the second user modulation signal (eg, a conventional QPSK or QAM signal having a power level lower than the non-zero first user QPSK modulation signal) is considered as noise. The first user modulation signal includes at least some of the zero modulation symbols in each subsection. In an MTU that includes a zero first user modulation signal and a non-zero second user modulation signal, the energy detection module 338 should classify the MTU as a zero modulation from an individual first user. signal. The position of the relatively higher power signal within each subsection of the segment conveys the encoded bit value. The located higher power modulation symbols (ie, QSPK modulation symbols) are then processed by the modulation symbol processing module 340 to obtain additional coded bit values. Sub-segment decoding module 342, for example, converts the determined value of the received non-zero first user modulation symbol into a coding bit via a lookup table and converts the determined position information in terms of the non-zero modulation symbol into Additional encoding bits. The sub-segment decoding module 342 combines the coded bit corresponding to the position decision with the coded bit corresponding to the value decision into a set of coded bits for the sub-segment. The sub-segment decoding module 342 forwards the sub-segment encoding bits corresponding to each sub-segment of the segment to the segment block decoding module 343. The segment block decoding module 343 combines sets of coded bits for each sub-segment for a given segment into a set of coded bits for the segment, and the segment block decoding module 343 decodes the block. The coded bits are equalized to obtain a set of recovered information bits.

The second user module 336 controls the operation of the demodulation transformer/decoder 314 to process the received overlapping downlink channel signals and retrieve the second user information bits. The second user module 336 includes a first user signal removal module 344, a modulation module symbol processing module 346, and a segment block decoding module 348. A user signal removal module 344 uses the energy detection module 338 and the first user modulation signal processing module 340 to obtain a location, such as an MTU within the segment and an estimated value for the first user QSPK signal. And then subtracting the estimated first user estimate signal from the received composite overlap signal. The obtained signal is forwarded to the modulated signal processing module 346. The modulated signal processing module 346 receives a signal corresponding to the MTU of the segment, for example, from an adjustment signal corresponding to the module 344 including the MTU of the first user non-zero modulation symbol, and corresponding to the decision as the first user The unadjusted signal of the MTU of the non-zero modulation symbol position. The modulated signal processing module 346 controls the demodulator operation to demodulate the second user's legacy QPSK or QAM signals (eg, QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 modulated signals) to obtain coded bits for each demodulated variable symbol. yuan. The segment block decoding module 348 receives the output coded bits from the module 346 and controls the decoder to decode and recover the information bits passed to the second user in the segment.

It should be noted that the first and second users assign the designation used for each downlink traffic channel segment. In general, the first and second users will correspond to different WTs. The WT is designated for a first user because a downlink traffic channel segment can be assigned to a second user for a different downlink traffic channel segment, for example based on current resource requirements. In some embodiments, for a given downlink traffic channel segment, the WT 300 can be a first user and a second user for the same downlink traffic channel segment, which are relatively The high power level receives a smaller number of information bits at a lower BPM rate delivered via a first user modulation and coding (eg, QPSK with some zero symbols) and a relatively lower power level to pass the second The high BPM rate delivered by the user modulation and coding (eg, conventional QPSK, QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256) receives a larger number of information bits.

The uplink signaling module 328 controls the operation of the transmitter 304 and the encoder 316 to encode, modulate, and transmit uplink signals to the BS 200, the uplink signals including the channel quality report 394 and the uplink traffic channel. Section message 396. The uplink traffic channel segment message 396 can include user data that is directed to one of the peer nodes of the WT 300 in communication with the WT 300. Such an uplink traffic channel message 396 can be considered a downlink resource request message by the BS 200 that the peer node uses as its network attachment point.

The data/information 320 includes WT data/information 350, system data/information 352, channel quality report 394, uplink traffic channel message 396, received downlink segment assignment message 398, and received downlink traffic channel signal information. 399.

The WT data/information 350 includes user profile 354, WT identification (ID) information 356, base station ID information 358, device/session/resource information 360, channel quality information 362, and downlink traffic channel segment assignment section information 364. . The user profile 354 contains data/information for one of the peer nodes of the WT 300 that is expected to be used for a communication session with the WT 300, which is expected to be transmitted by the WT 300 to the BS 200 on the uplink traffic channel section. User profile 354 also includes material/information received from BS 200 from one of WT 300 peering nodes in communication with WT 300 and via downlink traffic channel segment message 399.

The wireless terminal identification information 356 includes, for example, a WT IP address and a WT active user identification assigned by the BS 200. The base station identification information 358 includes an identification item, such as a value that distinguishes a particular BS 200 network attachment point, and the WT 300 uses the particular attachment point as its current from a plurality of different BS network attachment points in the wireless communication system. Network attachment point. In some embodiments, BS ID information 358 includes information identifying a particular sector and/or carrier frequency used by the BS network attachment point. The device/session/resource information 360 includes an uplink and downlink section, such as a traffic channel section assigned to the WT 300, and the session information includes the address of the peer node of the WT 300 in communication with the WT 300. Routing information. Channel quality information 362 contains information about the wireless communication channel between WT 300 and BS 200 that is measured, retrieved, and/or estimated. Channel quality information 362 may include, for example, signal to noise ratio and/or signal to interference ratio information measured, retrieved, and/or estimated based on received pilot and/or flag downlink signals.

The downlink traffic channel segment assignment section information 364 includes section identification information 366, first/second user identification information 368, encoding/modulation information 370, and recovered information bits 372. The segment identification information 366 includes information identifying the assigned downlink traffic channel segments within the downlink timing/frequency structure. The first/second user identification information 368 includes identifying the WT 300 has designated the assigned downlink traffic channel segment as the information of the first user or the second user. The encoding/modulation information 370 includes modulation type information 374, BPM information 376, power information 378, encoding bit 380, and modulation symbol information 382. The modulation type information 374 includes, for example, a modulation scheme indicator and a coding rate indicator value for the first type of user. The modulation type information 374 contains information such as a designated QPSK, QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 for the second type of user. Bits per MTU (BPM) 376 are the rate of information for the segments required by the first or second class of users. The power information 378 includes the measured power level of the received modulated signal, the determined power level difference between the received signals, and the power margin information, which is used to identify the non-zero modulation that is expected to be used for the first user. Signal. Encoded bit 380 is a recovered coded bit for the first or second user, such as an encoded bit identified by information 368 of the downlink traffic channel signal received from the segment. For the first type of users, the coding bits 380 can be aggregated in the subset on a per subsection basis and serve as a single block on a per segment basis, while for the second type of user, the coding bits are encoded. 380 can be aggregated into a single block for a segment. The modulation symbol information 382 includes information identifying which MTUs within the segment and/or sub-section are transmitting non-zero first user QSPK modulation symbols. The modulated symbol information 382 also includes information identifying the estimated value of the processed modulated modulated symbol. The recovered information bit 372 is included in the WT estimate passed to the WT 300 as the information bit of the first or second user in the segment after the demodulation and decoding operations. Multiple downlink traffic channel segment designation segment information 364 sets may exist, such as an information set for each downlink traffic channel segment assignment to WT 300, each assignment corresponding to a downlink traffic channel segment And specified according to the corresponding user type of overlapping signaling.

The system information/information 352 includes base station identification information 383, uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 384, first user demodulation/decoding information 386, and second user demodulation/decoding information 388. The base station ID information 383 includes a plurality of different base station identification items that correspond to different BS network additions of the system, such as based on the cell, sector, and/or carrier frequency used. The uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 384 includes MTU information 390 and downlink traffic channel segment information 392. For example, the minimum transmission unit (MTU) may be an OFDM tone symbol representing one of the basic air link resources for an OFDM system, such as a tone for the duration of one OFDM symbol timing interval. Downlink traffic channel segment information 392 includes information identifying each downlink traffic channel segment in the downlink timing and frequency structure, such as each segment containing a fixed number of designated predetermined OFDM tone symbols. Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 384 also contains other system structure information such as symbol timing information, pitch spacing information, number of uplink tones, number of downlink tones, uplink carrier frequency, downlink Link carrier frequency, uplink bandwidth, downlink bandwidth, uplink tone set, downlink tone set, uplink tone drift information, uplink stay information, downlink tone drift information, uplink Traffic segment structure information, repetitive timing structures, such as symbol time intervals, and aggregation of symbol time intervals (eg, dwell slots, half slots, slots, super slots, flag slots, super slots, and the like).

Different sets of UL/DL timing and frequency structure information 384 may be present and stored in WT 300 corresponding to different BSs 200 of the wireless communication system.

The first user demodulation/decoding information 386 includes respective sets of information corresponding to each of the encoding and modulation options that can be selected by the base station 200 to communicate the first user downlink traffic channel signal. For example, an information set may include a first user data rate level value, a BPM value, a code rate indicator, a modulation indicator, sub-segment size information, a signal for demodulating and decoding reception. Information (eg, a power level threshold for determining the location of the non-zero QPSK modulation signal) and decoding information (eg, a lookup table) to convert the determined position information and/or the value determined by QPSK into coded bits and / or information bits. A WT has been identified that is designated as the first user for the downlink traffic channel segment and that has identified the first user profile rate level (eg, via processing the received downlink segment assignment message or messages) 300. Identify and access a set of information in the first user demodulation/decoding information 386. The information set retrieved from the information 386 is used by the first user module 334 to process the received signals to produce recovered information bits 372.

The second user demodulation and decoding information 388 includes respective sets of information corresponding to each of the encoding and modulation options that can be selected by the base station 200 to communicate the first user downlink traffic channel signal. For example, a information set may include a second user data rate level value, a BPM value, and encoding rate information (eg, the number of information bits in the segment, the number of coded bits in the segment, and the codeword length). a modulation type indicator (eg, QPSK or QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 information (eg, power level information) indicating the signal used to demodulate the received signal), obtaining the software value, and decoding information (eg, the software value to be determined) Converted into the recovered information bit code information). A WT has been identified that is designated as a second user for the downlink traffic channel segment and that has identified a second user profile rate level (eg, via processing the received downlink segment assignment message or messages) 300. Identify and access a set of information in the second user demodulation/decoding information 388. The information set retrieved from the information 388 is used by the second user module 336 to process the received signals to produce recovered information bits 372. In some embodiments, the designated second user also receives and processes certain assignment information corresponding to the first user for the same downlink traffic channel segment, such as identifying the first user data rate level. Information; such information is used to remove the first user QPSK overlapping modulation symbols prior to demodulating and decoding the second user QAM signal. In some embodiments, there is intention to have a sufficient power level difference between the first user QSPK signal and the second user overlap QAM signal so that the WT should be able to identify the first user modulated signal comprising a non-zero QKSK. The MTU does not need to decode or evaluate the first user rate level information.

The channel quality report 394 is generated by the channel quality decision module 330, for example, based on measurements of the received downlink pilot signal and/or flag signal. The channel quality report 394 is transmitted by the WT 300 to the BS 200 and used to evaluate candidate second users for the downlink traffic channel segment.

The uplink traffic channel message 396 conveys user information intended for the peer node of the WT 300. Uplink traffic channel message 396 is transmitted on the uplink traffic channel section to BS 200 that WT 300 uses as its network attachment point. The user profile is forwarded via the back-end network to the BS 200 of the peer node of the WT 300 for use as its network attachment point, wherein the received user profile is considered a request for downlink traffic channel resources. The received downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 398 is an assignment to the reception of a particular downlink traffic channel segment of the WT 300. The received downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 398 or contains information identifying the assigned segment (eg, segment index identification), assigned user (eg, WT ID), user type for the segment (eg, First type or second type) and/or information identifying the data rate level. The received downlink traffic channel signal information 399 includes information included in or determined from the received downlink traffic channel signal (e.g., the received overlapping downlink traffic channel signal).

4 is a diagram 400 of an exemplary encoding and modulation transfer module 402 coupled to a transmit antenna 404. The exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module 402 can be an exemplary embodiment of the module 216 of the BS 200 of FIG. 2, and the antenna 404 can be the antenna 205 of FIG. The exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module 402 includes an encoding and modulation module X 406, an encoding and modulation module Y 408, a combination module 410, a combined signal transmitter module 412, and a second The user selection module 414, a second user multiplex module 416, user profile information 418, a transmission power control module 415, and a segmentation information/module 417. It is assumed that a first user for a given downlink traffic channel segment is selected among another module within the BS (e.g., the first user selection module 236 of the BS 200 of FIG. 2). The first user for the downlink traffic channel segment is selected by the BS to transmit the low BPM for the second user for the same segment in the segment. In many embodiments, the highest BPM rate supported by the encoding and modulation module X406 is less than the lowest BPM rate supported by the encoding and modulation module Y 408. For containing the modulation symbol X(S_X) 430 and modulation symbol Y (S_YIn the case of a given downlink traffic channel section of 431, in terms of power level, a non-zero modulation symbol X(S)_X) 430 and QSPK are higher than the non-zero modulation symbol Y (S_Y431, which is typically QAM, such as QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256. In some embodiments, the encoding and modulation module Y 408 includes a QPSK function.

The encoding and modulation module X 406 includes a modulation selector module 420, a controllable encoder 422 and a controllable QPSK modulator 424. The encoding and modulation module X 406 receives an uncoded bit of a selected first user (UB)_XAnd a signal 428 that conveys a BPM (bit per MTU) data rate or an indicator for one of the user's data rates. Uncoded bits (UB_XThe 426 input controls the encoder 422 and inputs the BPM signal 428 into the modulation selector module 420. The modulation selector module 420 selects a coding rate and modulation scheme for use as a function of the BPM 428; the control signals selected by the modulation selector 420 are sent to the controllable encoder 422 and the controllable QPSK modulator module 424. . Encoder 422 processes a set of information bits corresponding to one of the requested BPMs (eg, information bit 1, 2, or 3 frames), and specifies a specified number of received uncoded bitstreams (UB)_X426 bits are encoded into a block code set of coded bits, and the coded bits for the segments are aggregated into a subset, each subset of coded bits corresponding to a sub-section of the same downlink traffic channel segment . The operation of the encoder 422 is performed in accordance with a control signal received by the command. The modulator 424 is controlled to generate a mixture of zero-modulation symbols and non-zero QPSK modulation symbols for each sub-section, and the locations of the non-zero and zero-modulation symbols within the sub-section convey certain encoded bit information. And the value of the non-zero modulation symbol conveys some encoded bit information. Output output modulation symbol X (S) from QPSK modulator 424_XAnd transmitting the symbol to the combination module 410. In addition, the power level signal P associated with the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol is output from the encoding and modulation module X 406_X432 and inputting the signal to the second user selection module 414.

Identifying possible candidate second users for the downlink traffic channel segment by the base station and identifying the signal (possible second user 1434, possible second user 2 436, ..., possible The second user N 438) forwards to the second user selection module 414. Each possible second user (possible second user 1 434, possibly second user 2 436, ..., possibly second user N 438) has a corresponding uncoded bit stream ( UB₁_Y440, UB₂_Y442,..., UB_N_Y444), which can be used to input to the second user multiplex module 416. The second user selection module 414 receives the power level P of the first user modulation symbol_X432 and testing the possible second user (434, 436, 438) to find out if the possible second user (434, 436, 438) will be eligible, and then selecting one from the eligible second user set. The second user is selected and a signal is selected that is directed to the signal 448 of the second user multiplex module 416. As part of the selection routine, the second user selection module 414 sends a request signal 450 (eg, including a possible second user identification indicator (eg, WT ID)) to the user profile information store 418. In some embodiments, user profile information 418 can be located in BS memory 210. The contour information set corresponding to one of the possible second users may include, for example, user status, data rate, and corresponding modulation symbol power level (P)._Y), which can be supported by the WT for downlink traffic channel signals. User profile information is sent to second user selection module 414 via signal 452. The second user selection module 414 can include an SNR_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454, the SNR_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454 represents a power ratio level that should exceed a candidate second user deemed qualified. For a second possible user, the second user selection module 414 determines the following ratio: the first user modulation symbol power level P_XDivided by possible second user power level P_Y(P_X/P_Y), where the value P_X/P_YShould be greater than the SNR for the second user who is considered eligible_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454. Will SNR_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454 is selected to be greater than the expected minimum acceptable SNR required to successfully decode the X-modulated signal (eg, a signal representing a 3 dB or 5 dB tolerance). As a result of the selection routine, the second user selection module 414 selects a selected second user, and transmits the second user to the second user multiplex module 414 in signal 448; The selection module 414 sends a corresponding control signal 456 to the encoding and modulation module Y 408, for example, to deliver a selected data rate level, the selected data rate level identifies a BPM, modulation type (eg, QPSK, QAM16). Or QAM64 or QAM256), coding rate and associated modulated signal power level P_Y。

The second user multiplex module 416 receives a second user selection signal 448 that controls the multiplex module 416 to forward an unencoded bit stream corresponding to the selected second user (UB)₁_Y440, UB₂_Y442,..., UB_N_Y444) The selected bit stream. Outputting the selected uncoded bit Y from the second user multiplex module 416 (UB_S_Y) 458 and input it to the encoding and modulation module Y 408. The encoding and modulation module Y 408 (eg, supporting QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256) includes an encoder 460 and a modulator 462. Encoder 460 receives the selected input unencoded information bit stream (UB_S_YAnd performing block coding for the segment in accordance with the selected coding rate as determined by control signal 456. The coded bits generated from encoder 460 are forwarded to a modulator 462, wherein the coded bits are mapped to QPSK or QAM modulation symbols, such as QAM16 modulation symbols, depending on the modulation type selection determined by control signal 456. QAM64 modulation symbol or QAM256 modulation symbol. In other embodiments, the encoding and modulation module Y 408 can support different combinations of other modulation types and/or modulation types.

Output modulation symbol Y (S) from the encoding and modulation module Y 408_Y) 431 and input the symbol to the combination module 410. A combination module 410 comprises a summarizer mold group 411, a perforation module 413 and the scaling module 419. In some embodiments, the combination module 410 includes one of the aggregator module 411 and the perforation module 413 instead of the other. When the aggregator module 411 is used, the aggregator module 411 performs the modulation symbol X (S_X) with the modulation symbol Y (S_YOverlap, and outputting the combined signal 464 from the combination module 410 to represent the modulated symbol S_XModulation symbol S_YThe overlap. When the perforation module 413 is used, the self-modulating symbol X(S)_XIn the case where the modulation symbol is non-zero and the same tone symbol is to be occupied, the punching module 413 adopts the self-modulating symbol X(S)._XOne of the corresponding non-zero modulation symbols rushes out of the self-modulating symbol Y (S_Y) One of the modulation symbols. In this case, the combined signal 464 represents the modulation symbol Y (S) that has not been punctured._Y431 and self-modulating symbol X (S_Xa combination of non-zero modulation symbols of 430. The combined signal 464 is input to the combined signal transmitter module 412 (e.g., including an amplifier stage) and output to the antenna 404, through which the combined downlink traffic channel signal can be transmitted to each WT.

A scaling module 419 coupled to the transmit power control module 415 applies power scaling to the combined modulated symbols in accordance with power level information associated with the non-zero X modulated symbols and the Y modulated symbols. Transmit power control module 415 receives input P associated with X and Y non-zero modulation symbols, respectively_XAnd P_YAnd using the received information to control a transmission power level of the non-zero modulation symbol used to convey the first data set and the modulation symbol used to convey the second data set to maintain a minimum power difference.

The segmentation information/module 417 is used to segment the downlink channel segment into a plurality of sub-segments, and the segmentation plurality of sub-segments are used by the encoding and modulation module X 406. Figure 11 illustrates an exemplary different segmentation of an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module 500. The exemplary encoding and modulation module 500 can be an exemplary embodiment of the encoding and modulation module X 406 of FIG. The coding and modulation module X 500 includes a modulation selector module 502, a controllable encoder module 504 and a controllable QPSK modulator module 506; the modules (502, 504, 506) can respectively correspond to The module (420, 422, 424) of Figure 4. The modulation selector 502 receives a value per MTU bit (BPM) or a BPM indicator value, such as a data rate value indicating the number of frames of information bits to be passed via the input signal 508 in the segment, the signal indicating The required data rate for the selected user of the downlink traffic channel section. Modulation selector 502 selects an encoding and modulation option from among a plurality of encoding and modulation options supported by module 500 to select encoding and modulation options to support the desired BPM rate and to meet predetermined zero symbol rate criteria. In some embodiments, this selection is performed via a lookup table or similar logic that maps each possible data rate passed via signal 508 to a code rate indicator value and a modulation indicator value. The zero symbol rate is the number of specified zero-modulated symbols divided by the number of locations that can be used to convey a modulation symbol on a sub-segment basis. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the selection meets the following criteria: (i) if BPM<img file="TW200708002A_D0001.tif" />1.5, then ZSR<img file="TW200708002A_D0002.tif" />0.125, (ii) if BPM<img file="TW200708002A_D0003.tif" />(1), then ZSR<img file="TW200708002A_D0004.tif" />0.25, (iii) if BPM<img file="TW200708002A_D0005.tif" />(1/2), then ZSR<img file="TW200708002A_D0006.tif" />0.5, (iv) if BPM<img file="TW200708002A_D0007.tif" />(1/3), then ZSR<img file="TW200708002A_D0008.tif" />0.75, (v) if BPM<img file="TW200708002A_D0009.tif" />(1/6), then ZSR<img file="TW200708002A_D0010.tif" />0.875. Multiple choices can satisfy this criterion. For example, if BPM = 1/3, the ZSR can choose to be 0.75 instead of 0.875. In some embodiments, the modulation selector 502 selects the encoding and modulation options that meet the specified criteria and produces a smaller number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols for the segments. Selection produces a code rate indicator (CRI) that is output from the modulation selector 502 and input to the controllable encoder 504. The selection also generates a coding scheme indicator (MSI) 512 that is output from the modulation selector 502 and input to the controllable QPSK modulator 506. CRI 510 indicates a number of input information bits and a corresponding number of coded bits to be generated from the indicated number of input information bits. The controllable encoder 504 includes CRI association information 514, such as a lookup table. The CRI association information 514 enables the decoder to determine a predetermined CRI value, i.e., a first number of uncoded information bits processed into a second number of encoded bits. . The coding rate indicator information also enables the decoder to determine the sub-segment size and aggregate the coding bits. CRI 510 can also indicate to the controllable encoder the number of sub-sections within the segment, and the encoding definition for the coding bits for each segment, such as how to encode the bit system with non-zero QPSK modulation symbols or symbols. The position or sub-segment symbol association and what coded bit system are associated with the value of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol of the sub-segment. Uncoded information bit stream processed by controllable encoder 504 (UB_X516, the encoder output is input to the coded bit of the controllable QPSK modulator 506 (CB)_X) 518. In accordance with various embodiments, at least some of the modulation symbols for each subsection are assigned to have a modulation symbol value of zero by a controllable QPSK modulator 506. The MSI 512 indicates what scheme of the plurality of QPSK modulation schemes is used for the modulation coding bits. In some embodiments, each possible QPSK modulation scheme corresponds to a different number of zero MTU scores. Controllable QPSK modulator 506 outputs modulation symbol S_X520. Pass the coded bits by the locations of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols within the subsection and pass values on each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. In addition, the controllable QPSK modulator 506 also outputs an energy level output indicator (P)._X522, PX is a measure of the power level of a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. The second user selection module 414 will P_XThe value of 522 is used to determine the appropriate second user to communicate its downlink traffic channel signal as an overlapping signal using the same air link resource, the power level of the second signal being sufficiently lower than the power of the first user signal. The level is to allow the first user to detect the first user downlink signal.

The controllable QPSK modulator 506 includes a position determining module 507 and a phase determining module 509. The position decision module 507 determines what output modulation symbol is a zero modulation symbol and what output modulation symbol is a non-zero modulation symbol, and the arrangement of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols conveys the encoded bit information. The phase decision module 509 determines the phase of the non-zero modulation symbol to be output, and the phase of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol of the additional coded bits of the information.

Figure 6 contains diagrams and tables illustrating exemplary embodiments of sub-segment structures, modulation symbols, and data rate information. The information of FIG. 6 can be applied to the exemplary encoding and modulation module X 500 of FIG. Equation 620 illustrates that there are four possibilities for an exemplary QPSK modulation symbol; therefore, each non-zero QPSK modulation signal generated by the encoding and modulation module X 500 can be phase-transferred by the complex value of the modulation symbol. 2 information bits.

Row 604 illustrates five exemplary embodiments that may be used for encoding and modulating a subsection. The legend 606 identifies that the MTU of the QPSK modulation symbol assignment with energy in a subsection is designated as rectangle 608 by cross hatching, and the MTU of the zero modulation symbol assignment within a subsection is designated as unmasked rectangle 610. Each MTU may be, for example, an OFDM tone symbol, which is one of the basic units of air link resources that may be used to convey a QPSK modulation symbol.

A first example 612 illustrates an example of an embodiment in which each sub-section contains two MTU units, and one of the MTUs assigns a QPSK modulation symbol with energy and the other MTU system assigns a zero modulation symbol. . There are two possible options for a position with a modulation symbol of energy; therefore, one coded bit can be passed by the position of the modulation symbol with energy. In addition, the phase of the complex value of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy passes 2 coded bits. The encoding and modulation scheme of the first example 612 delivers 3 coding bits per 2 MTU or a maximum BPM = 1.5, assuming an encoding rate = 1. The first example 612 can also be illustrated in terms of a zero symbol rate (ZSR), where ZSR = the number of zero modulation symbols / the total number of modulation symbol slots in a subsection. For the first example 612, ZSR = 0.5.

A second example 614 illustrates an example of an embodiment in which each sub-section contains four MTU units, and one MTU system assigns a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, while the other three MTU systems assign a zero modulation symbol . There are four possible options for the position of the modulated symbol with energy; therefore, two coded bits can be passed by the position of the modulated symbol with energy. In addition, the phase of the complex value of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy passes 2 coded bits. The encoding and modulation scheme of the second example 614 delivers 4 coding bits per 4 MTU or a maximum BPM = 1.0, assuming an encoding rate = 1. For the second example 614, ZSR = 0.75.

A third example 616 illustrates an example of an embodiment in which each sub-section contains an MTU unit, and seven MTU systems assign a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, while another MTU system assigns a zero modulation symbol. . There are eight possible options for the position of the set of modulated symbols with energy; therefore, three coded bits can be passed by the position of the modulated symbol with energy. Furthermore, the phase of the complex value of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy is passed for 2 coded bits of each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, which represents 14 coded bits. The encoding and modulation scheme of the third example 616 delivers 17 coding bits per 8 MTU or a maximum BPM = 2.125, assuming an encoding rate = 1. For the third example 616, ZSR = 0.125.

A fourth example 618 illustrates an example of an embodiment in which each sub-section contains four MTU units, and three MTU systems assign a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, while another MTU system assigns a zero modulation symbol. . There are four possible options for the position of the set of modulated symbols with energy; therefore, two coded bits can be passed by the position of the set of modulated symbols with energy. Furthermore, the phase of the complex value of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy is passed for 2 coded bits of each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, thereby representing 6 coded bits. The encoding and modulation scheme of the fourth example 618 delivers 8 coding bits per 4 MTU or a maximum BPM = 2.0, assuming an encoding rate = 1. For the fourth example 618, ZSR = 0.25.

A fifth example 620 illustrates an example of an embodiment in which each sub-section contains an MTU unit, and one MTU system assigns a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, while the other seven MTU systems assign a zero modulation symbol. . There are 8 possible options for the position of the modulated symbol with energy; therefore, 3 coded bits can be passed by the position of the modulated symbol with energy. In addition, the phase of the complex value of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy passes 2 coded bits. The encoding and modulation scheme of the fifth example 620 delivers 5 coding bits per 8 MTU or a maximum BPM=0.625, assuming an encoding rate of =1. For the fifth example 620, ZSR = 0.875.

It should be noted that the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth examples (612, 614, 616, 618, 620) can efficiently encode the coding bits into energy locations because the energy locations replace the number of specific embodiments. Is a positive integer value = 2^N, where N is a positive integer. In some embodiments, the sub-segment size and the number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols per sub-section are selected for QPSK encoding by implementing an encoding and modulation scheme that includes at least some of the zero-modulation symbols per sub-section. And each coding and modulation scheme used by the modulation module has a possible number of energy positions instead of the specific embodiment = 2^N, where N is a positive integer.

FIG. 7 is a table 700 outlining an exemplary embodiment of the encoding and modulation scheme illustrated with respect to FIG. The first column 718 illustrates the information in each row containing the table. The first row 702 includes a first user exemplary scheme, and the plots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) correspond to the exemplary embodiments (612, 614, 616, 618, 620) of FIG. 6, respectively. Columns (720, 722, 724, 726, 728) correspond to exemplary plots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). The second row 704 contains the number of minimum transmission units (MTUs) in a subsection that correspond to the episodes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) (2, 4, 8, 4, 8), respectively. The third row 706 contains the number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols in a sub-section, which correspond to (1, 1, 7, 3, 1) of the plots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), respectively. The fourth row 708 contains a zero symbol rate (ZSR), which corresponds to the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), respectively (0.5, 0.75, 0.125, 0.25, 0.875). The fifth row 710 includes the number of coded bits in a sub-segment transmitted by the position of the non-zero modulation symbol or the position of each symbol in the sub-section with respect to the position of the zero-modulation symbol or each symbol group, which is Corresponding to (1, 2, 3, 2, 3) of the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). The sixth row 712 includes the number of coded bits in a sub-segment transmitted by the non-zero modulation symbols or the phases of the symbols in the sub-section, which correspond to the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, respectively). , 5) (2, 2, 14, 6, 2). The seventh row 714 contains the number of coded bits passed in a subsection, which respectively correspond to the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) (3, 4, 17, 8, 5). The eighth row 716 contains the maximum number of information bits (BPM) per minimum transfer unit passed in a subsection, which corresponds to the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) (1.5, 1.0, respectively). , 2.125, 2.0, 0. 625) if the coding rate = 1. In general, the encoding rate is a value less than one, so the BPM is correspondingly reduced. Line 717 is the number of possible coding bits containing the standard QPSK for comparison purposes and including the use of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols in each MTU of the sub-segment, the number of possible coding bits (n) Based on the sub-segment size, two coded bits can be passed for each of the modulated symbol slots of the sub-segments. Row 717 indicates that (2, 4, 8, 4, 8) sub-sections of the MTU may pass (4, 8, 16, 8, 16) coded bits, respectively, using QPSK (one QPSK modulation symbol per MTU).

8 includes a table 800 listing exemplary first user modulation selector criteria and a table 850 illustrating exemplary wireless terminal data rate requirements and options that may be selected. Table 800 contains a first row 802 listing the BPM criteria and a second row 804 listing the ZSR criteria. The first column 806 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to 1.5, the ZSR for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.125. The second column 808 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to 1, the ZSR for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.25. The third column 810 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to (1/2), the ZSR for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.5. The fourth column 812 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to (1/3), the ZSR for the selected coding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.75. The fifth column 814 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to (1/6), the ZSR for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.875.

Table 850 includes: a first row 852 listing exemplary WTs (A, B, C, D) and a second row 854 containing demonstrations for WTs (e.g., for a given downlink traffic channel segment) a BPM request; and a third row 856 containing options that can be supported (assuming encoding rate = 1) and selection based on criteria of the table 800 (eg, its specified exemplary scheme illustrated for Figures 5 and 6 (1) 2, 3, 4, 5) can be considered as a modulation scheme possibility). In general, the encoding rate will be chosen to be a positive value less than one and will therefore correspondingly reduce the supported BPM.

The first column 858 indicates that 1.1 BPM is requested for the needs of WT A. Table 800 indicates that the selected code and modulation episode should have a ZSR of 0.125 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) has a ZSR of 0.125 or greater; however, episode 2 does not support informational material production because its maximum BPM = 1.0, which is less than the requested 1.1 BPM. ; therefore, episode 2 is removed from consideration as an option. In addition, episode 5 does not support informational material production because its maximum BPM is 0.625, which is less than the requested 1.1 BPM; therefore, episode 5 is removed from consideration as an option. Therefore, any episode option (1, 3, 4) can be used to transmit information bits to WT A in the segment.

The second column 860 indicates that 1.0 BPM is requested for the needs of WT B. Table 800 indicates that the selected code and modulation plot should have a ZSR of 0.25 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (1, 2, 4, 5) has a ZSR of 0.25 or greater; however, episode 5 and supports informational material production because its maximum BPM = 0.625, which is less than the requested 1.0 BPM; Episode 5 is removed as an option consideration. Therefore, any episode option (1, 2, 4) can be used to transmit information bits to WT B in the segment.

The third column 862 indicates that (2/3) BPM is requested for WT C. Table 800 indicates that the selected code and modulation plot should have a ZSR of 0.25 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (1, 2, 4, 5) has a ZSR of 0.25 or greater; however, episode 5 and supports informational material production because its maximum BPM = 0.625, which is less than the requested (2/3) BPM; therefore, episode 5 is removed from consideration as an option. Therefore, any episode option (1, 2, 4) can be used to transmit information bits to the WT C in the segment.

The fourth column 864 indicates that (1/3) BPM is requested for WT D. Table 800 indicates that the selected coding and modulation scheme should have a ZSR of 0.75 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (2, 5) has a ZSR of 0.75 or greater. Therefore, any episode option (2, 5) can be used to transmit information bits to the WT D in the segment.

Figure 8 has been used to illustrate different exemplary WT data rate requirements, maximum BPM supported by different zero symbol rate QPSK modulation schemes, and superimposable exemplary ZSR selection criteria. In general, generally, in a given implementation, one of the number of frames corresponding to each segment of data bits is mapped to a coded and modulated scheme, including block coding rate, zero symbol rate, and sub-rates. Section size. Different BPM values (eg, 1, 2, or 3 corresponding to frames of information bits for a segment) may be mapped to three different encoding and modulation schemes.

9 is a diagram 900 illustrating an exemplary energy between a non-zero modulation symbol from a first encoding and modulation module and a non-zero modulation symbol from a second encoding and modulation module. Relationship, the two modulation symbols are transmitted as an overlapping signal. 9 plots the encoding and modulation modules (X, Y) on the horizontal axis 904 of the energy level of the components of the overlapping modulation symbols on the vertical axis 902. An X-code and modulation module using block coding and zero symbol rate QPSK with some zero-modulation symbols per sub-section is typically used to support a given segment (eg, downlink traffic channel region) Segment) low BPM data rate users. Y-coded and modulated modules (for example, using block coding techniques and traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and/or QAM256 modulation) are commonly used to support the same defined segments, X-coded and modulated modules. Higher BPM data rate. Has the corresponding power level P_XSymbol X of 908 (S_X) 906 is shown as having its corresponding power level P_Y910 symbol Y (S_Y) 910 for comparison. In the case of QAM (eg QAM64, QAM256) for Y coding and modulation modules, P_Y910 can be viewed as a modulated symbol power level associated with the highest amplitude QAM symbol that can be generated, the highest power level producing a minimum power level difference between the X symbol and the Y symbol. Block 912 illustrates P_YWith P_XRelationship between P_Y&lt;δ(BPM X)P_XThe power level associated with the generated modulation symbol value corresponding to the second user of the modulation module Y is lower than the non-zero generated for the first user corresponding to the modulation module X The power level associated with the modulation symbol is multiplied by a value delta (δ), where the delta is a positive value greater than one and the delta is one of the BPM selection schemes for the encoding and modulation module X function. In some embodiments, the delta system is selected to be a value such that if the WT is S_XThe expected receiver will be S_YThe component is considered as noise, then the WT should be able to recover S_XSymbolic value. In some embodiments, power tolerance (eg, 3 dB to 5 dB) is maintained as expected to successfully recover S_XThe minimum tolerance required for the value is above.

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel section 1000. The vertical axis 1002 plots the logical pitch index 1002 within the segment, while the horizontal axis 1004 plots the OFDM symbol time index in the downlink traffic channel segment. In the exemplary downlink traffic channel section 1000, a logical pitch index ranging from 0 to 23 represents 24 tones or 24 frequencies; an OFDM symbol time index ranging from 1 to 28 represents 28 symbol time intervals. Each smaller square (e.g., exemplary square 1006) represents a tone symbol, and a minimum transmission unit (MTU) is used in an exemplary OFDM system. The exemplary downlink traffic channel section 1000 contains 672 OFDM tone symbols.

Figure 11 illustrates several examples of subdividing an exemplary downlink traffic channel section into sub-sections. 1100 illustrates a particular embodiment in which the exemplary section 1000 of FIG. 10 is subdivided into exemplary sub-sections, each sub-section having eight OFDM tone symbols, each tone symbol being an MTU. The exemplary section contains 84 subsections. In an exemplary embodiment of the schema 1100, each OFDM symbol time interval index value within a segment includes three sub-segments. In accordance with a feature of some embodiments, each sub-segment is constructed within a segment such that, where possible, each OFDM tone symbol of the sub-segment occurs during the same OFDM symbol time interval of the segment.

1120 illustrates another embodiment in which the exemplary section 1000 of FIG. 10 is subdivided into exemplary sub-sections, each sub-section having four OFDM tone symbols, each tone symbol being one MTU. The exemplary section contains 128 subsections. In an exemplary embodiment of the schema 1120, each OFDM symbol time interval index value within a segment includes six sub-segments.

1140 illustrates another embodiment in which the exemplary section 1000 of FIG. 10 is subdivided into exemplary sub-sections, each sub-section having two OFDM tone symbols, each tone symbol being an MTU. The exemplary section contains 256 subsections. In an exemplary embodiment of the schema 1140, each OFDM symbol time interval index value within a segment includes twelve sub-segments.

12 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel section 1200 that includes sub-segments and overlapping modulation symbols from the first and second encoding and modulation modules. The exemplary traffic channel section 1200 can be the exemplary traffic channel section 1000 of FIG. 10 and can be subdivided into sub-sections of 8 sub-octet size OFDM tone symbols for the first user signaling, as shown in FIG. Example 1100 shows. Figure 1250 identifies the S used for modulation symbol readings_X1252 and S_Y1254. In each OFDM tone symbol, a pair of modulation symbol is displayed as (S_X, S_Y), where S_XTo generate a modulation symbol for the first user by encoding and modulating the module X and_YThe modulation symbol for the second user is generated by the encoding and modulation module Y. For each OFDM tone symbol, S_X0, indicating a zero-modulation symbol or a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, which is displayed as S_A_ii = 1 to 84, where the value i represents the sub-segment index within the section. Every S_A_iThe value passes two coded bits by the phase of the modulation symbol, and each S in each subsection_A_iThe position of the modulation symbol passes 3 additional coding bits. For each OFDM tone symbol, S_YModulation symbol S_B_j, j=1, 672, where the value j corresponds to the paused pitch symbol index and the modulation type is QSPK or QAM (eg QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256), and the same modulation type is used for each symbol S of the segment_B_jAnd the modulation symbol S_B_jThe set corresponds to the block coding information.

Figure 13 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel sub-section and exemplary coded bit map. Scheme 1302 illustrates that for this exemplary encoding and modulation scheme, the encoded bitstream is processed into a five-bit (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) set. Scheme 1302 illustrates that an exemplary sub-section for this exemplary coding and modulation scheme uses sub-sections of eight MTUs (MTU1, MTU2, MTU3, MTU4, MTU5, MTU6, MTU7, MTU8). Equation 1304 indicates that the eight MTUs of the sub-segments have been selected to occur on different frequencies during the same OFDM symbol time interval. Table 1306 identifies mapping the set of coded bits (1, 2, 3) to an energy pattern within the sub-segment, where one MTU assigns a non-zero QSPK modulation symbol S_XThe other seven MTUs are assigned a zero modulation symbol. Each different combination of input bit (1, 2, 3) values will have a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol S_XPlaced in different MTUs. Table 1308 identifies the complex values that map the set of coded bits (4, 5) to QSPK modulation symbols. Each different combination of the values of the input coded bits (4, 5) produces a different phase of the complex value of the QSPK symbol.

14 illustrates an exemplary encoding and modulation module X 1400 that is implemented and constructed to take advantage of the characteristics of an input data stream that contains two different types of information that must be successful depending on what information set. The land is restored and the priority is obtained. The encoding and modulation module X 1400 can be an exemplary embodiment of the encoding and modulation module X 406 of FIG. The encoding and modulation module X 1400 comprises a modulation selector module 1402, a one-bit stream divider module 1403, a controllable encoder 1 position coding module 1404, and a controllable encoder 2 phase encoding module. 1405 and a controllable QPSK modulator module 1406; modules (1402, 1404 and 1405, 1406) may correspond to the modules (420, 422, 424) of FIG. 4, respectively. The bit stream divider module 1403 receives an unencoded information bit stream UB corresponding to the input of the selected user._X1416, and dividing the bit stream into two bit streams 1417 and 1419, such as UB_X_L_O_W_R_E_s_O_L_U_T_I_O_NAnd UB_X_H_I_G_H_R_E_S_O_L_U_T_I_O_N. Modulation selector 1402 receives each MTU bit (BPM) value via input signal 1408 indicating the desired data rate for the selected user of the downlink traffic channel segment. Modulation selector 1402 selects an encoding and modulation option from among a plurality of encoding and modulation options supported by module 1400 to select encoding and modulation options to support the desired BPM rate and to meet predetermined zero symbol rate criteria. Selection produces a code rate indicator (CRI) 1410 that is output from the modulation selector 1402 and input to the controllable encoders 1404 and 1405. In some embodiments, an individual encoding rate indicator is generated and sent to two encoders 1404, 1405, for example, to identify different encoding rates for each encoder (1404, 1405). The selection also generates a coding scheme indicator (MSI) 1412 that is output from the modulation selector 1402 and input to the controllable QPSK modulator 1406. The uncoded information bit stream 1417 is processed by the controllable encoder 1 position coding module 1404 (UB)_X_L_O_W_R_E_S_o_L_U_T_I_O_NThe module performs block coding of low-resolution information bits on a per-segment basis and outputs coded bits 1418. The coded bit 1418 that controls the position of the non-zero modulation symbol group in the subsection is input to the controllable QPSK modulator 1406. In accordance with various embodiments, at least some of the modulation symbols for each subsection are assigned a modulated symbol value of zero by a controllable QPSK modulator 1406. The uncoded information bit stream 1419 is processed by the controllable encoder 2 phase encoding module 1405 (UB)_X_H_I_G_H_R_E_S_O_L_U_T_I_O_NThe module performs block coding of high-resolution bits on a per-segment basis and outputs coded bits 1421. The coded bits 1421 that control the non-zero QPSK modulation symbols or the locations of the symbols in the subsection are input to the controllable QPSK modulator 1406. The MSI 1412 indicates what scheme of the plurality of QPSK modulation schemes is used for the modulation coding bits. In some embodiments, each possible QPSK modulation scheme corresponds to a different number of zero MTU scores. Controllable QPSK modulator 1406 output modulation symbol S_X1420. Pass the coded bits from the locations of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols within the subsection and pass a value on each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. In addition, the controllable QPSK modulator 1406 also outputs an energy level output indicator (P)._X) 1422, P_XA measure of the power level of a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol or symbol. The second user selection module 414 will P_XThe value of 1422 is used to determine the appropriate second user to communicate its downlink traffic channel signal as an overlapping signal using the same air link resource, the power level of the second signal being sufficiently lower than the power of the first user signal. The level is to allow the first user to detect the first user downlink signal.

The coded bit conveyed by the position encoding has a likelihood of successful recovery above the encoded bit conveyed via the phase value of the non-zero modulated signal, since in order to recover the phase value of the communicated non-zero QPSK modulated symbol, The non-zero modulation symbol position within the sub-section needs to be successfully recovered first. The implementation of the encoding and modulation module X 1400 utilizes this inherent recovery likelihood difference to intentionally direct uncoded information bitstreams of different priority levels, so higher priority flows are likely to have higher successful transmission recovery rates. . In an exemplary embodiment, the higher priority information may be a low resolution image data, and the lower priority information may be a higher resolution image data, and the higher resolution image data may be used to enhance the use. The resolution of images conveyed by low-resolution image data.

In some embodiments, the bit stream divider module 1403 is positioned external to the encoding and modulation module X 1400 and the module 1400 receives two input uncoded bit streams, such as bits of different priority levels. Yuan stream. In some embodiments, the modulation selector module 1402 also directs the CRI signal 1410 and/or the MSI signal 1412 to the bit stream divider module 1403, so that the selected encoding and modulation scheme can be combined with the input. Bit stream division.

15 is a table 1500 illustrating exemplary data rate options for a downlink traffic channel segment in an exemplary system. Several data rate options (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) can be used for a given downlink traffic channel segment. The bit per minimum transfer unit (BPM) increases as the value of the data rate option increases. The data rate options (0, 1, 2) correspond to different zero symbol rate QPSK encoding and modulation schemes and will be used by the first user in the exemplary system. The data rate 0 corresponding to the lowest BPM uses a 3/4 ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, for example, where the 1/4 modulation symbol is a non-zero value and the other 3 modulation symbols are 0 values. The data rate 1 corresponding to the next lowest BPM also uses the 3/4 ZSR QPSK modulation scheme (for example, where the 1/4 modulation symbol is a non-zero value and the other 3 modulation symbols are 0 values), but different coding rates are used. . Data rate 2 corresponding to the next lowest BPM uses 1/2 ZSR The QPSK modulation scheme, for example, wherein the 1/2 modulation symbol is a non-zero value and the other modulation symbol is zero. The data rate options (3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8), (9, 10) correspond to the traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256 modulation schemes, respectively, and will be used in the exemplary system. Second user. For a given downlink traffic channel segment, there may be a first user modulation symbol and a second user modulation symbol, such as an OFDM tone symbol, assigned to the same air link resource.

In some embodiments, one of the previously described apparatus and methods is varied to direct a first user using a zero symbol rate QPSK modulation scheme to direct signaling and to use, for example, conventional QPSK modulation or QAM modulation. In the case of one of the second users of the technology-directed signaling, each MTU (eg, a tonal symbol of a segment) may carry a first user or a non-boot that directs a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. A second user of a zero-modulation symbol, such as a QPSK or AQM modulation symbol. The non-zero modulation symbol of the first coding and modulation module that supports zero-symbol rate QPSK signaling is interleaved with the non-zero modulation symbol of the second coding and modulation module that supports traditional QPSK or QAM signaling.

16 is a diagram 1600 of an exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 that supports such interleaving functions. The encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 of FIG. 16 is similar to the encoding and modulation transmission module 402 of FIG. 4 and can be used with the exemplary base station 200 or similar base station of FIG.

The encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 of FIG. 16 includes an interleaver module 1610 in place of the combiner module 410 of FIG. 4, and an interleaved signal transmitter module 1612 in place of the combined signal transmitter module 412 of FIG. . In addition, encoding and modulation module Y 1608 is coupled to encoding and modulation module X 1606 by modulation signal indicator 1684 in FIG. The number of modulation symbols assigned to the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 in the segment is a function of the number of modulation symbols assigned to the encoding and modulation module X 1606, the latter number being used for a given segment A function of the BPM of the first user 1664 is selected. In FIG. 16, a first user selection module 1616 and a first user multiplex module 1614 are included. The BPM signal 1662 can be an indicator of the data rate, such as the number of frames identifying the information bits to be transmitted using the zero symbol rate modulation scheme in the segment.

The encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 includes a first user multiplex module 1614, a first user selection module 1616, a second user multiplex module 1618, a second user selection module 1620, and a user profile. Information 1622, encoding and modulation module X 1606, encoding and modulation module Y 1608, interleaver module 1610 and interleaved signal transmitter module 1612. The encoding and modulation module X 1606 includes a modulation selector module 1624, an encoder module 1626 (eg, a controllable encoder module), and a modulator module 1628 (eg, a controllable QPSK modulation) ()) with the astrological information 1627. The encoding and modulation module Y 1608 (eg, capable of generating a plurality of different types of modulation symbols (eg, QPSK, QAM16/QAM64/QAM256 modulation symbols)) includes an encoder module 1630, a modulator module 1632, and Astrology Information 1631. The second user selection module 1620 includes an SNR threshold 1634. User profile information 1622 includes, for example, user channel status information and modulation symbol power level information (P_Y)。

The first user selection module 1616 receives signals identifying possible first users (possible first user 1 1642, possible first user 2 1644, ..., possible first user N 1646) . The first user selection module 1616 sends a request signal 1668 to the user profile information 1662 to request user profile information for one or more possible first users, and for the response request signal 1668, the user profile Signal 1670 is returned from user profile information 1622 to first user selection module 1616. The first user selection module 1616, which uses the information communicated in signal 1670, selects the first user and transmits its selection to the first user multiplex module 1614 via the selected first user signal 1662. The first user selection module 1616 also outputs a information bit (BPM) signal 1664 for each of the smallest transmission units of the selected first user, which passes the selected first user's BPM to the encoding and modulation module X 1606 Modulation selector 1624.

The first user multiplex module 1614 has an unencoded bitstream input corresponding to the possible first user (uncoded bitstream 1X (UB)₁_X) 1636, unencoded bit stream 2X (UB₂_X) 1638, ..., unencoded bit stream NX (UB_N_X1640), the pair should be respectively (possible first user 11642, possible first user 21644, ..., possible first user N 1646). The selected first user signal 1662 selects one of the input uncoded bitstreams, and the first user multiplexer module 1614 outputs it as the selected uncoded bit X (UB)._S_XThe bit system is input to the encoding and modulation module X 1606.

Modulation selector 1624 selects modulation scheme indicator 1684 as a function of the selected first user BPM indicated in signal 1664. At least some of the modulation scheme indicator values that may be selected are associated with a zero symbol rate modulation scheme (eg, a QPSK zero symbol rate modulation scheme). Table 1750 of Figure 17 indicates some of the exemplary MSI/ZSR correspondence information. The selection of the modulation selector 1624 is forwarded to the encoder 1626 and the modulator 1628. Encoder 1626 receives the selected uncoded bit (UB_S_XAs an input, 1660 produces a coded bit that is functionally related to the selection of the modulation selector 1624, and outputs the encoded bit that is forwarded to the modulator 1628 as input. Modulator 1628 (eg, supporting one of a plurality of different ZSRQPSK modulation schemes can control the QPSK modulator) produces zero and non-zero modulation symbols that are functionally related to the selection of modulation selector 1624 and receives encoded information as input Bit. The modulator 1628 includes a position module and a phase module. The position encoding module determines which output modulation symbol will be a zero modulation symbol and which output modulation symbol will be a non-zero modulation symbol, thereby passing the encoded information bit via the position. The phase module determines the phase of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol output from the module 1606. In some embodiments, the modulator 1628 includes a power control module 1629 for controlling power bits associated with non-zero modulation symbols output from the encoding and modulation module X 1606. Modulator 1628 outputs a modulation symbol (S_X1686 to interleaver module 1610.

The encoding and modulation module X 1606 also outputs an MSI signal 1684 to the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 and the interleaver module 1610. In addition, the encoding and modulation module X 1606 outputs a signal P_X1676, which indicates a transmit power level associated with a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol of the self-encoding and modulation module X 1606. Signal P_X1676 is sent to a second user selection module 1620, wherein the signal is an input signal.

The second user selection module 1620 receives a signal identifying a possible second user (possible second user 1 1654, possible second user 2 1656, ..., possible second user N 1658) . The second user selection module 1620 sends a request signal 1678 to the user profile information 1662 to request user profile information for one or more possible second users, and for the response request signal 1678, the user profile Signal 1682 is returned from user profile information 1622 to second user selection module 1620. Used at signal 1682 and / or P_XA second user selection module 1620 that transmits information on signal 1678 selects a second user. The second user selection module 1620 uses the stored SNR threshold information 1634, the first user power level information P_Xa second user channel condition and/or a modulation symbol power level associated with the second user modulation symbol to select a second user and to place a bit (BPM) and/or a minimum per transmission unit Power level P_YSet to be used for the second user. The selected second user identification information is sent to the second user multiplex module 1618 via signal 1674. BPM and information P via signal 1692_YThe second user selection module 1620 is sent to the encoding and modulation module Y 1608.

The second user multiplex module 1618 has an uncoded bitstream input corresponding to the possible second user (uncoded bitstream 1Y (UB)₁_Y) 1648, uncoded bit stream 2Y (UB₂_Y) 1650, ..., unencoded bit stream NY (UB_N_Y1652), the pair should be respectively (possible second user 11654, possible second user 2 1656, ..., possible second user N 1658). The selected second user signal 1674 selects one of the input uncoded bitstreams and outputs it as the selected uncoded bit Y (UB)_S_Y1672, the bit system is input to the encoding and modulation module Y 1608.

The encoding and modulation module Y 1608 receives the selected uncoded bit Y 1672 as an input, and indicates the BPM and power level P associated with the second user._YControl signal 1692. The encoding and modulation module Y 1608 determines a modulation scheme to be used (eg one of QPSK, QAM16, QAM64 and QAM256), a power level to be used associated with the selected astrology, a coding region to be used Block size and/or a coding rate (eg for the segment to be communicated). Encoder 1630 encodes uncoded input bits 1672 based on the selected encoding rate and encoding block size to produce encoding bits that are forwarded to modulator 1632. The modulator 1632 uses the selected modulation star and power level to map the coding bits to the modulation symbols, and outputs the modulation symbols from the modulator 1632 as the modulation symbol Y(S)._Y) 1688. In some embodiments, the modulator 1632 includes a power control module 1633 for controlling power bits associated with the modulation symbols output from the encoding and modulation module Y 1608. The power control module 1633 controls the power level of the modulation symbols from the module 1632 to transmit the modulation symbols at a power level that is lower than the non-zero modulation symbols output from the modulator 1628. Modulation symbol Y(S_Y1688 is input to the interleaver module 1610.

The interleaver module 1610 sets the non-zero modulation symbol X of the self-modulating symbol (S_X1686 and forming a modulated symbol stream S that is forwarded to the interleaved signal transmitter module 1612_Z1690 modulation symbol Y (S_Y) 1688 interlaced. If a non-zero modulation symbol of the self-modulating symbol X1686 is input to the interleaver module 1610, the modulation symbol is forwarded to the modulated symbol stream S._ZHowever, if a zero-modulation symbol of the self-modulating symbol X 1686 is input to the interleaver module 1610, a modulation symbol of the self-modulating symbol Y 1688 is forwarded to the modulated symbol stream S._ZIn place of the zero modulation symbol.

The interleaved signal transmitter module 612 (eg, including an OFDM symbol transmitter module 1613) transmits the modulated symbol S via a transmit antenna 1624 coupled to the transmitter module 1612._Z。

17 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module Y 1700, which may be the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 of FIG. The encoding and modulation module Y 1700 includes a controllable block encoder 1702 (eg, an LDPC encoder) and a controllable modulator 1704. Controllable block encoder 1702 receives uncoded bits for selected second user 1708, modulation scheme indicator 1706, and control signal 1710, including rate, modulation scheme, and/or corresponding to the second user Modulated symbol power level information. The control signaling 1712 indicating the rate and/or the second user modulation scheme is directed to the controllable encoder 1702; the second user modulation scheme and/or the second user power level information will be indicated (P_YThe control signaling 1714 is directed to the controllable modulator 1704. The MSI 1706 of the self-encoding and modulation module X indicates to the encoder 1702 the number of zero MTUs/segments that the first user will have, thereby notifying the encoder 1702 how many modulation symbols have been configured in the segment for transmission. The second user modulates the symbol. In addition to the MSI 1706, the second user control signal 1712 received by the controller encoder 1702 causes the coded block size decision module 1703 in the controller encoder 1702 to determine the coded block size, and then the encoder 1702 will input The information bit 1708 is encoded into a coded bit 1716 that is forwarded to the controllable modulator 1704. The controllable modulator 1704 receives the second user modulation scheme indicator signal and the power level indicator signal, the signal 1714 (eg, identifying a conventional QPSK or QAM modulation scheme), and associated power bits for the modulated symbol quasi.

Figure 17 also includes a table 1750 indicating a number of exemplary MSI values and corresponding information. The first row 1752 indicates a modulation scheme indicator (MSI); the second row 1754 indicates a zero symbol rate (ZSR); the third row 1756 indicates the number of minimum transmission units per segment (MTU/seg). The fourth row 1758 indicates the number of MTUs for the first user of the segment (user 1 MTU number); the fifth row 1760 lists the number of non-zero MTUs for the first user of the segment (first user) The number of non-zero MTUs); the sixth row 1762 lists the number of MTUs for the user 2 of the segment. The first column 1764 indicates an example for FIG. 17, for the modulation scheme indicator value 0, User 1 is not configured, and the entire N MTU set for the segment can be used by User 2. The second column 1766 indicates that for MSI=1, ZSR=0.5, the N MTU of the segment is used by the user 1 for the ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, and half of the MTUs carry the first user non-zero QPSK modulation symbol; The N MTU of one half of the end of the zero-modulation symbol of the individual first user is used to carry the second user modulation symbol. The third column 1768 indicates that for MSI=2, ZSR=0.75, the N MTU of the segment is used by the user 1 for the ZSR. QPSK modulation scheme, 1/4 of the MTU carries the first user non-zero QPSK modulation symbol; 3/4 N MTU ending with the first modulation variable of the first user is used to carry the second user Modulation symbol. The fourth column 1770 indicates that for MSI=3, ZSR=0.875, the N MTU of the segment is used by the user 1 for the ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, and the MTU of 1/8 carries the first user non-zero QPSK modulation symbol; The N MTU of 7/8 ending with the zero-modulation symbol of the respective first user is used to carry the second user modulation symbol.

18 is an exemplary interleaver module 1800 that may be the interleaver module 1610 of FIG. The interleaver module 1800 includes a control module 1808, an X-modulated symbol stream input buffer 1802, a Y-modulated symbol stream input buffer 1804, a zero-symbol detector 1806, and an interleaver 1810. The MSI signal 1816 of the self-modulating X (first) user module signals the control module 1808 to load a set of X-modulated symbols and a set of Y-modulated symbols to be interleaved and communicated for the segment. Control module 1808 sends a load X signal 1820 to X modulation stream input buffer 1802 to load the modulation symbol from X-modulated symbol stream 1812, ie, S_XModulation symbol. Control module 1808 sends a load Y signal 1824 to Y tuned stream input buffer 1804 to load the modulating symbol from Y tuned symbol stream 1814, ie, S_YModulation symbol. Control module 1808 sends an X-transfer actuation signal 1822 to an X-modulation stream input buffer 1802 that forwards a modulation symbol to zero symbol selector 1806. If the forwarding value is a non-zero value, the value is treated as a non-zero S_XOne of the values 1828 is forwarded to the interleaver 1810 and is taken as S_ZThe modulation symbol is output to the Z-modulated current stream 1832. However, if the forwarding value is zero, the forwarding actuation signal 1826 is sent to the Y-tuned current input buffer 1804, and a Y-modulated symbol is used as S._YOne of the values 1830 is forwarded to the interleaver 1810 and output to the Z-modulated stream 1832. The X-transfer actuation signal 1822 is repeated by the control module 1808 to pass through each position of the X-modulation stream input buffer on the clock, such as the total number of MTUs of the segments (e.g., the total number of OFDM tone symbol positions).

In some embodiments, the interleaver module 1810 includes a replacement module 1811. The replacement module 1811 receives the S as an input_XModulated symbol value 1813 and a substitute control signal 1815, S_XThe modulation symbol 1813 includes a zero-modulation symbol and a non-zero modulation symbol. In some embodiments, the override control signal 1815 is the same as the transfer actuation signal 1826. As part of the interlacing, the replacement control module 1811 will replace S_XThe zero-modulated symbol of the modulated symbol stream input 1813, one of which is a modulation symbol S_YThe self-modulation symbol is input 1830. Therefore, there is a non-zero modulation symbol in it._XThe position in the modulated symbol stream remains the same, but with S_YThe modulation symbol replaces the S in which the zero-modulation symbol appears._XModulates the position in the symbol stream.

19 shows a portion of an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1900 that has been interleaved to include first user and second user modulation symbols. The first user modulation scheme is a ZSR QPSK modulation scheme and the second user modulation scheme is a conventional QPSK or QAM modulation scheme. The power level of the first user non-zero modulation symbol is higher than the power level of the second user modulation symbol, thereby enabling the receiver (eg, WT receiver) to distinguish between the first user non-zero modulation symbol and The second user modulates the symbol. The WT receiver implemented in accordance with various embodiments is capable of detecting modulation symbols, distinguishing the first and second user modulation symbols, deinterleaving, demodulating, and decoding the received signals to recover the information bits.

19 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel section 1900 that includes sub-sections and exponential modulation symbols from the first and second encoding and modulation modules (S)_Z_k). The exemplary section contains 672 OFDM tones and S ranging from 1 to 672_Z_kIndex k. The exemplary traffic channel section 1900 can be the exemplary traffic channel section 1000 of FIG. 10 and can be subdivided into sub-sections of 8 sub-octet size OFDM tone symbols for the first user signaling, as shown in FIG. Example 1100 shows. One S_Z_kThe modulation symbol can be from one of a set of 84 non-zero modulation symbols corresponding to the first user._A_ia modulation symbol, where i is in the range of 1 to 84; or from a set of 588 modulation symbols corresponding to the second user S_B_jSymbol, where j is in the range of 1 to 588. In this example, there is one S per subsection_A_iModulation symbol and 7 S per subsection_B_jModulation symbol. Figure 1950 Identification: Using S_A_iThe modulated symbol reading of 1952 (where i = 1, 84) identifies a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first user, and each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol conveys two coding bits (eg, by a non-zero tone) Change the phase of the symbol), and each S in a segment_A_iThe position of the modulation symbol passes 3 coded bits. Figure 1950 also recognizes: using S_B_jThe modulated symbol reading of 1954 (where j = 1, 588) identifies the QPSK or QAM (eg, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256) modulation symbols corresponding to the second user, using the same modulation symbol for each symbol of the segment S_B_jAnd the modulation symbol S_B_jThe set corresponds to the block coding information. In each OFDM tone symbol, a modulation symbol is displayed (S_Z_k), the modulation symbol is S_A_iOne of the modulation symbols or S_B_jOne of the modulation symbols, where S_A_iGenerating a modulation symbol for the first user by encoding and modulating the module X (eg, the module 1606), and_B_jA modulation symbol for the second user is generated by the encoding and modulation module Y (e.g., module 1608).

Figure 20 shows a variation of Figure 19 illustrating the arrangement of first user non-zero modulation symbols within a segment, which passes the first user coded bit and determines the second user modulation symbol for the segment. Arrangement.

The exemplary downlink section 2000 of FIG. 20 corresponds to the exemplary downlink section 1900 of FIG. 19 and may represent, for example, the same downlink traffic channel section at different times in the downlink channel structure. The legend 2050 having the legend information 2052 and 2054 of FIG. 20 corresponds to the legend 1950 having the legend information 1952 and 1954 of FIG.

In section 1900, the first user modulates the symbol (S_A₁, S_A₂, S_A₃, S_A₄, S_A₅, S_A₆, S_A₇, S_A₈, S_A₉,...,S_A₈₂, S_A₈₃, S_A₈₄) respectively occupying OFDM tone symbols in the segment, having (logical pitch index, OFDM symbol time index) ((22, 1), (15, 1), (1, 1), (20, 2), (13, 2), (2, 2), (16, 3), (11, 3), (7, 3), ..., (23, 28), (14, 28), (2, 28) )). Corresponding to the second user's S_B_jSymbols (j=1, 588) utilized not by S_A_iThe OFDM tone symbol of the segment used. The transmit power level of the non-zero modulation symbol for the first user is higher than the transmit power level of the non-zero modulation symbol for the second user, as used by the S used in the segment_A_iThe black body of the modulation symbol and the S used in section 1900_B_jIndicated by the regular font of the modulation symbol. In section 2000, the first user modulates the symbol (S_A₁, S_A₂, S_A₃, S_A₄, S_A₅, S_A₆, S_A₇, S_A₈, S_A₉,...,S_A₈₂, S_A₈₃, S_A₈₄Each occupying OFDM tone symbols in the segment, respectively having (logical pitch index, OFDM symbol time index) ((21, 1), (15, 1), (4, 1), (21, 2), (12, 2), (0, 2), (17, 3), (15, 3), (7, 3), ..., (23, 28), (14, 28), (2, 28 )). S_B_jSymbols (j=1, 588) utilized not by S_A_iThe OFDM tone symbol of the segment used by the symbol.

In FIGS. 19 and 20, a non-zero modulation symbol (belonging to the first user or the second user) occupies each of the predetermined tone symbols of the segment; the specific configuration of a predetermined tone symbol is given to the first or second user. Passing one of its modulation symbols depends on the first user-encoded bit that passes the configuration information within the sub-section.

Rather, in an exemplary embodiment comprising at least some overlap between the first user non-zero modulation symbol illustrated by FIG. 12 and the second user non-zero modulation symbol, the second user modulation The position of the symbol is not affected by the position of the first user's non-zero modulation symbol. Moreover, the number of second user modulation symbols for a given segment is not altered by the ZSR modulation scheme used by the first user of the same segment.

In some embodiments, selecting which user utilizes the ZSR modulation scheme (first user) and the user using the traditional modulation scheme (second user) is generally low depending on the amount of data to be communicated. The data rate is directed to the ZSR modulation scheme. In some embodiments, channel quality conditions are also considered, such as directing the preferred channel quality to the condition of the second type of user. In some embodiments in which the first user sends a message to a group of users and the second user sends a message to a group of users, for the same segment, the second user is typically Send a message to a small group of users. In some embodiments in which the first user sends a message to a group of users and the second user sends a message to a group of users, for the same segment, the second user is typically The message is directed to the group of users with better channel quality conditions.

Various combinations can be used between single on-demand, multi-cast, and/or broadcast. In some embodiments, the same for unicast, multicast, or broadcast is used for the first and second user assignments of a given segment. In some embodiments, a mixture between two different ones of unicast, multicast, and broadcast is used for first and second use of different ones corresponding to unicast, multicast, and broadcast. By.

In some embodiments, a ZSR QPSK modulation for a first user is used in a broadcast environment in combination with a conventional modulation technique (eg, a conventional QPSK, QAM for a second user), a non-zero ZSR QPSK The modulation symbol has a power level that is higher than the second user modulation symbol. For example, each or most of the users in the cell that may include users at the edge of the cell should be able to receive and successfully decode the ZSR signal, while a limited set of users (eg, users with better channel quality conditions ( For example, a user closer to the base station) may be able to receive a second user signal. In some embodiments, different resolutions or different quality signals are communicated via the first user signaling and the second user signaling. For example, the first user signaling may include a coarser resolution video signal and the second user signaling may be used to achieve a fine resolution video signal.

A receiver that receives a transmitted signal can use a soft input soft output demodulation technique to efficiently decode a signal transmitted using a zero symbol rate.

The soft demodulation of the position modulation QPSK block will now be described. The following describes an exemplary demodulation method applied to the case where one of the 2/4/8 signals is a non-zero QPSK. The case where one of the 4 or 8 symbols is a zero symbol will be slightly different from the illustrated method, but will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the principles of the invention.

The principle of a soft input soft output algorithm applied to a set of bits that satisfy certain constraints should be properly understood. In the case of providing individual prior information (soft input messages) of the bits, the algorithm calculates the updated or post-faith (soft output message) of the bits using the constraints satisfied by the bits. In general, the best maximum post-location (MAP) update is feasible; in other cases, an approximate sub-optimal update replaces the MAP decision.

In repeated decoding and / or demodulation, the use of SISO modules is ideal. For example, repeated SISO decoding of two convolutional codes will provide amazing performance for high speed codes; repeated SISO decoding and SISO demodulation will approximate the best joint decoding and demodulation decisions.

Consider using k bits b0, b1, ..., b(k-1) to modulate one of the 2^(k-2) MTU sub-blocks. There is one and only one non-zero (QPSK) symbol in this sub-block. It is assumed that the first (k-2) bits determine the position of the QPSK symbol and the last two bits determine the phase of the QPSK symbol. Without loss of generality, a one-to-one mapping between the position x and (k-2)-tuple pb=(b0, b1, ..., b(k-3)) is assumed to be in the pb system y. Binary expansion, in other words, the bit sequence (b0, b1, ..., b(k-3)) means that the QPSK symbol position is x=b0+b1*2+b2*4+...+b(k-3)*(2&lt; &lt;(k-3)). For convenience, assume that the four phases of the QPSK symbol are PI/4, PI/2+PI/4, 2*(PI/2)+PI/4, 3*(PI/2)+PI/4 and the index is 0,1. 2, 3. The pseudo locating elements (b(k-2), b(k-1)) determine that the index y is (b(k-2)+b(k-1)*2). This configuration simplifies the capture of soft information for the bit, but this is not important. Different bit configurations will provide essentially the same algorithm.

Soft Input Soft Output Solution (SISO) modulation for such a bit-modulated QPSK block is now described. For the sake of brevity, it is assumed here that k = 4. The 4 bits uniquely determine the modulation in the possible case (2&lt;&lt;4=16), which is: C[0][0]: QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol , phase index is 0; C[0][1]: QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol, the phase index is 1; C[0][2]: QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol, the phase index is 2; C[ 0][3]: QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol, the phase index is 3; C[1][0]: QPSK symbol is the first symbol, the phase index is 0;...C[3][2] : QPSK symbol is the third symbol, phase index is 2; C[3][3]: QPSK symbol is the third symbol, and the phase index is 3.

The soft input (a priori) messages for the bits (b0, b1, ..., b3) are soft_in[0], soft_in[1], ..., soft_in[3] and it is desirable to calculate the MAP soft decision soft_out[0 ], soft_out[1], ..., soft_out[3], assuming that the constraint is that the received symbols (r0, ..., r3) are the noise versions of the modulated symbols. The log probability measure T[m][n] is associated with case C[m][n]. The algorithm of conditional likelihood is expressed as a symbol transmitted by C[m][n], assuming that the received symbol is I[m][n], for example I[m][n]=log(prob(C [m][n]| r0,...,r3)), which is proportional to log(prob(r0,...,r3 | C[m][n]))). In the absence of a priori information, T[m][n] is the same as I[m][n] until constant offset. In the case of a priori information, T[m][n]=I[m][n]+A[m]+S[n], where A[m] represents the logarithm of the 0th symbol of the QPSK symbol And S[n] indicates that the QPSK symbol has a logarithmic probability of the phase index n.

Before explaining the calculation of A[m] and S[n], first look at how to export soft_out[j] with T[m][n].

For position bits j=0, 1, soft_out[j]=LogSum_{m, n:m[j]=0}T[m][n]-LogSum_{m,n:m[j]=1 }T[m][n], where m has a binary expansion (m[0], m[1]) and defines the LogSum operator as LogSum(a,b)=log(exp(a)+exp(b)) .

For phase bits j=2, 3, soft_out[j]=LogSum_{m, n:n[j]=0}T[m][n]-LogSum_{m,n:n[j]=1 }T[m][n], where n has a binary expansion (n[2], n[3]).

From the soft_out and soft_in message sets, the additional information ext[j]=soft_out[j]-soft_in[j] can also be derived, which is the appropriate log likelihood ratio required in the repeated decoding/demodulation module.

Now see how to get A[m] and S[n]. Again assume that m has a binary expansion (m[0], m[1]), and n has a binary expansion (n[2]mn[3]).

Then A[m]=sum_{j:m[j]=0}soft_in[j], and S[n]=sum_{j:n[j]=0}soft_in[j].

21A-21C are diagrams of a flowchart 2100 illustrating an exemplary method of transmitting various data sets. The exemplary method of flowchart 2100 is well suited for operation in a base station in a wireless communication system that transmits data to multiple wireless terminals, such as an OFDM wireless communication system using segments such as downlink traffic channel segments. . The operation of the exemplary method is initiated from step 2102, where the transmitting device (e.g., base station) is powered and initialized. Operation proceeds from step 2102 to step 2104. In step 2104, the device selects the first user (e.g., the first wireless terminal), for example, as a function of channel status information, the amount of information to be communicated, the desired data rate, and/or priority information. Operation proceeds from step 2104 to step 2106. In step 2106, the device receives a first set of information bits corresponding to the first user that will be communicated to the first user in a communication segment (eg, a downlink traffic channel segment). For example, an exemplary downlink traffic channel section can include a fixed number of minimum transmission units (eg, OFDM tone symbols). Operation proceeds from step 2106 to step 2108.

In step 2108, the apparatus selects a zero symbol rate encoding and modulation scheme to convey a first set of information as a function of the data rate of the desired information bits per minimum transmission unit. For example, the selected zero symbol rate encoding and modulation scheme can be one of a plurality of possibly predetermined zero symbol rate encoding and modulation schemes (eg, different QPSK based ZSR encoding and modulation schemes). An exemplary ZSR coding and modulation scheme may include a coding rate, a sub-segment size, a ZSR to be applied to a sub-segment, and a modulation type (eg, QPSK) for a non-zero modulation symbol. In some embodiments, different information bit data rates are associated with different zero symbol rate encoding and modulation schemes. Operation in some embodiments proceeds from step 2108 to step 2110, while in other embodiments the operation proceeds from step 2108 to step 2112.

In step 2110, the apparatus divides the communication section into a plurality of subsections in accordance with the selected ZSR coding and modulation scheme. In various embodiments, the same ZSR coding and modulation scheme is used for each subsection of the segment. In some embodiments, the same ZSR coding and modulation scheme is used for multiple sub-sections of the segment. In some embodiments, some portion of the segment may not be used to convey the first set of information bits. Operation proceeds from step 2110 to step 2112.

In step 2112, the apparatus generates a first set of coded bits from the first set of information bits. Operation proceeds from step 2112 to step 2114. In step 2114, the apparatus generates zero and non-zero modulation symbols to pass the first set of coded bits. Step 2114 includes sub-steps 2116, 2118, and 2120. In sub-step 2116, the apparatus determines the position of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols as a function of certain of the first set of coded bits. In sub-step 2118, the apparatus determines the phase and/or amplitude of the non-zero modulation symbol that is a function of some of the first set of coded bits, and in sub-step 2120, the device determines the non-zero modulation. The transmit power level associated with the symbol. For example, consider an example where ZSR has been selected as<img file="TW200708002A_D0011.tif" />Where the non-zero modulation symbol is a QPSK modulation symbol and wherein the sub-section is 4 minimum transmission units, such as 4 OFDM tone symbols. In such embodiments, corresponding to a subsection, there is one non-zero modulation symbol in the subsection and there are a plurality of zero modulation symbols. The position of a non-zero modulation symbol is used to convey two coded bits and the phase of the non-zero modulation symbol is used to convey two additional coded bits. A transmit power level is determined and associated with a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol.

In some embodiments, the first data set, that is, the first information bit set, includes data having a first priority and data having a second priority, the second priority being lower than the first priority. In some embodiments, the high priority data is conveyed by position encoding of the non-zero modulation symbols and the low priority data is conveyed by the phase encoding.

Operation proceeds from step 2114 to step 2124 via connection node A 2122. In step 2124, the device selects a second user (eg, a second wireless terminal) to receive a second set of information bits in the same communication segment, the selection being performed as corresponding to the first encoded bit. The second user profile information and/or the transmit power level associated with the set of non-zero modulation symbols is a functional relationship. The second user profile information includes, for example, channel status information, the amount of information to be communicated, the required data rate, and/or priority information. Operation proceeds from step 2124 to step 2126. In various embodiments, the first and second user systems are different, for example, at least at some time. In some such embodiments, the step of selecting the first and second wireless terminals from the plurality of wireless terminals is based on indicating the device transmitter to perform the transmitting step with the first and second wireless terminals The information of the channel quality is selected as the first and second wireless terminals by wireless terminals having different channel quality conditions. In some embodiments, sometimes the first and second wireless terminals may be the same wireless terminal, for example, the first data set corresponds to a low data rate application and the second data set corresponds to a high data rate application.

In step 2126, the device selects a coding and modulation scheme and a modulated symbol power level to convey the second set of information bits. For example, in some embodiments, the encoding and modulation scheme used to convey the second set of bits includes block coding and modulation methods in one of a plurality of different coding rates, such as QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256. one. In some embodiments, the data rate of each of the minimum transmission units (MTUs) that can be selected corresponding to the second set of information bits is higher than the data rate that can be selected corresponding to the first set of information bits. The data rate of the MTU information bit.

Operation proceeds from step 2126 to step 2128. In step 2128, the device generates an assignment message or messages to identify the first and second users corresponding to the communication segment. Operation proceeds from step 2128 to step 2130. In step 2130, the device transmits the generated assignment message or messages. Operation proceeds from step 2130 to step 2132.

In step 2132, the apparatus generates a second set of encoded bits from the second set of information bits, for example as part of a block encoding operation for the communication section. Operation proceeds from step 2132 to step 2134. In step 2134, in accordance with the selection of step 2126, the apparatus generates a second set of modulated symbols from the second set of encoded bits, such as a set of modulated symbols using one of QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256. . A different number of coded bits are mapped to a modulation symbol depending on the type of modulated astrology used. Operation proceeds from step 2134 to step 2136.

In step 2136, the device combines the modulation symbols from the first and second sets. Step 2136 illustrates two alternative embodiments. In a first alternative embodiment, step 2138 is performed in which the first set of modulation symbols and the second set of modulation symbols are superimposed. In a second alternative embodiment, step 2140 is performed in which the apparatus performs a selective puncturing operation. Step 2140 includes sub-steps 2142, 2144, 2146, and 2148. In sub-step 2142, the device coincides with the first and second sets of modulation symbols. Next, step 2144 is performed for each MTU of the segment for which there is a coincidence. In step 2144, the device checks and determines if the first set of modulation symbols corresponding to the MTU position is a non-zero modulation symbol. If it is a non-zero tone symbol, then operation proceeds from step 2144 to step 2148; otherwise the operation proceeds to step 2146. In step 2148, the device configures a first set of modulation symbols to the MTU and perforates a second set of modulation symbols. In step 2146, the second set of modulated symbols are configured to the MTU, for example using the MTU of the first set of zero-modulated symbols. For each MTU in which there is no coincidence between the first and second sets of modulation symbols but where a modulation symbol from one of the first and second groups is mapped to an MTU, the modulation is The symbol is configured to use the MTU. Operation proceeds from step 2136 to step 2152 via connection node B 2150.

In step 2152, the device transmits the combined modulation symbols in the communication section. Step 2152 includes steps 2154, 2156, and 2158.

In step 2154, the device controls a non-zero modulation symbol for conveying the first data set, the first information bit set, and the transmission of the modulation symbol for conveying the second data set and the second information bit set. Power level to maintain minimum power difference. The minimum power difference is that the non-zero modulation symbols used to convey the first data set are transmitted at a power level higher than the non-zero modulation symbol used to convey the second data set.

In step 2156, the apparatus transmits the first data set, the first information bit set, in a communication section including a plurality of minimum transmission units (eg, OFDM tone symbols) using at least some zero and non-zero modulation symbols. The first data set is conveyed by a combination of the position of the non-zero modulation symbol within the segment and at least one of the phase and amplitude of the transmitted non-zero modulation symbol. For example, in some embodiments, step 2156 includes, for example, using a sub-segment, following a zero symbol rate QPSK modulation scheme to transmit data to the communication zone modulation symbols.

In step 2158, the apparatus transmits the second data set, the second set of information bits, in the same communication section using the modulation symbols transmitted on at least some of the minimum transmission units used to transmit the first data set. For example, in some embodiments, step 2156 includes transmitting data to the communication section using one of QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256 modulation symbols. In some embodiments, certain modulation symbols have been output from the second set by puncturing from the first set of non-zero modulation symbols.

Operation proceeds from step 2152 to step 2104 via connection node C 2160, where the device performs an operation on another transfer segment.

In some embodiments, transmitting the first data set includes transmitting information at a data rate of a first information element of each of the minimum transmission units and transmitting information at a data rate of a second information element of each of the minimum transmission units. The data rate of the information bits of the second per-minimum transmission unit is different (eg, higher than) the data rate of the information bits of the first per-minimum transmission unit.

In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus selects a zero symbol rate encoding and modulation scheme from among a plurality of different zero symbol rate schemes supported by the apparatus, at least some of the different zero symbol rate schemes using different zero symbol rates, E.g<img file="TW200708002A_D0012.tif" />ZSR and 7/8 ZSR. In some embodiments, the device will have a fixed zero symbol rate (eg,<img file="TW200708002A_D0013.tif" />ZSR) is used to convey the first set of information bits. In some embodiments, different encoding rates corresponding to one or more different ZSR symbol rates are supported.

In various embodiments, the ZSR is used by the device and the data rate per MTU information bit can satisfy one or more of the following: (i) the ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.125 and is used to transmit the first data set. The data rate per MTU information bit is less than 1.5; (ii) the ZSR indicates that a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.25 and the data rate per MTU information bit used to transmit the first data set are less than 1; (iii) The ZSR indicates that a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.5 and a data rate per MTU information bit used to transmit the first data set are less than 0.5; (iv) the ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.75 and is used to transmit the first The data rate per MTU information bit of the data set is less than 1/3; and (v) the ZSR indicates that a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.875 and the data rate per MTU information bit used to transmit the first data set are less than 1/6.

In various embodiments, a communication section can include different sub-sections and/or different sub-sections that can correspond to multiple wireless terminals using ZSR encoding and modulation schemes, for example, a first ZSR will be used. Certain sub-sections of the encoding and modulation scheme are used to convey the first set of information bits to the first wireless terminal, and will use certain subsets of the second ZSR encoding and modulation scheme corresponding to the third wireless terminal The section is used to convey a third set of information bits. In various embodiments, certain subsections of the same section may have different sizes, for example corresponding to<img file="TW200708002A_D0014.tif" />The 4 MTU size subsection of the ZSR coding and modulation scheme, and the 8 MTU size subsection corresponding to the 7/8 ZSR coding and modulation scheme. In some embodiments, sub-sections within a section are constructed such that certain MTUs of the section do not correspond to a sub-section.

22 is a diagram of a flowchart 2200 of an exemplary communication method. The exemplary method of flowchart 2200 is well suited for operation of a wireless communication system, such as where a base station transmits data to multiple wireless terminals. The exemplary wireless communication system is, for example, an OFDM wireless communication system that uses a segment (eg, a downlink traffic channel segment). The method of flowchart 2200 will be described in the context of an exemplary base station implementing the steps of the method; however, the method is also suitable for other communication applications.

The operation of the exemplary communication method is initiated from step 2202, where the base station is powered up and initialized. Operation proceeds from step 2202 to step 2204. In step 2204, the base station selects the first and second users to receive an interleaved modulated symbol stream, selects the first user to recover the information transmitted by the first modulated symbol stream, and selects the second receiver. To recover the information passed by the second modulated symbol stream. In some embodiments, the first modulated symbol stream has a lower information rate than the second modulated symbol stream. In various embodiments, the first and second users correspond to different users and are selected based on different transmit power levels required to successfully resume the information communicated to the selected wireless terminal. Operation proceeds from step 2204 to step 2206.

In step 2206, the base station determines the location of at least some of the zero-modulated symbols in the first modulated symbol stream. Operation proceeds from step 2206 to step 2208. In step 2208, the base station interleaves the non-zero modulation symbols from the first modulated symbol stream with the modulation symbols from the second modulated symbol stream, the first modulated symbol stream including non-zero modulation symbols and zero-tone The variable symbol replaces the zero-modulated symbol of the first modulated symbol stream from at least some of the modulated symbols of the second modulated symbol stream to produce an interleaved modulated symbol stream. The substitution performed as part of the interlace may be replaced with a modulation symbol from the second modulated symbol stream in place of one of the first modulation symbol streams corresponding to a position determined from step 2206. Operation proceeds from step 2208 to step 2210.

In step 2210, the base station transmits an interleaved modulated symbol stream. Step 2210 includes sub-step 2212. In step 2212, the base station controls the transmit power level of the modulation symbol to transmit the interleaved tone obtained from the first modulated symbol stream using a power level higher than the non-zero modulation symbol obtained from the second modulated symbol stream. A non-zero modulation symbol in a variable symbol stream.

In various embodiments, the transmitting of step 2210 includes transmitting the modulated symbols of the self-interleaved modulated symbol stream using OFDM tone symbols, such as by individual tone symbols transmitted by a communication segment (eg, a downlink traffic channel segment). The individual modulation symbols of the interleaved modulation symbol stream.

In some embodiments, the first modulated symbol stream has a zero symbol rate, such as a selected zero symbol rate. In some embodiments, the selected zero symbol rate is a plurality of predetermined zero symbol rates (eg,<img file="TW200708002A_D0015.tif" />ZSR,<img file="TW200708002A_D0016.tif" />One of ZSR, 7/8 ZSR). In some embodiments, the selected zero symbol rate is selected for a modulation symbol to be transmitted in a communication segment (e.g., a traffic channel segment). In some embodiments, the communication segment is subdivided into a plurality of sub-segments, the size of which (eg, according to a minimum transmission unit (eg, OFDM tone symbol)) should correspond to the selected zero symbol rate used. For example, if using<img file="TW200708002A_D0017.tif" />For ZSR, some exemplary sub-segment sizes are 4 OFDM tones and 8 OFDM tones. For example, if a 7/8 ZSR is used, some exemplary sub-segment sizes are 8 OFDM tones and 16 OFDM tones.

In some embodiments, the non-zero modulation symbol of the first modulated symbol stream corresponds to a first star image and the non-zero modulation symbol of the second modulated symbol stream corresponds to a second star image, the first And the second horoscope is different. For example, in some embodiments, the first astrology is a QPSK astrology and the second astrology is one of a QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256 astrology.

Operation proceeds from step 2210 to step 2204, where the base station repeats operations, such as for another communication segment.

In various embodiments, such as the specific embodiments described above with respect to Figures 4 and 16, the first modulated symbol stream can include zeros for communicating information corresponding to the first data set using one or more selected zero symbol rates. Non-zero Modulation Symbols In some embodiments, the zero symbol rate is selected on a per-segment basis. In other embodiments, the zero symbol rate is selected based on, for example, a sub-segment, where a sub-section may correspond to a portion of a communication segment (eg, a downlink traffic segment). In some embodiments, a traffic channel segment is partitioned into groups of MTUs, each group being a subsection of one of the segmented traffic channel segments. In the case where the sub-segment size is the same as the size of the traffic channel section, the segmentation step can be skipped. In some embodiments, the partitioning is performed in a uniform manner, the number of MTUs in a sector being an integer multiple of the number of MTUs in a subsection, such as in many embodiments an integer multiple is equal to or greater than 2. In at least some embodiments, the method involves at least one sub-section zero-modulation symbol and a non-zero modulation symbol in accordance with a ratio. The zero-modulation symbol and the non-zero modulation symbol included in the ratio correspond to the first data set, and the ratio is an integer ratio N_Z/N_S_SThe ratio indicates a fractional ratio of the number of zero modulation symbols in the subsection of the first data set to the number of smallest transmission units in the subsection. In some embodiments, the ratio N_Z/N_S_SIt is one of 7/8, 3/4, 5/8, 1/2, 3/8, 1/4 and 1/8. Such ratios are particularly suitable for QPSK coding. In various embodiments, the sub-segment size for a sub-section is one of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, wherein the sub-segment size refers to the number of MTUs in the sub-section. . In various embodiments, the sub-segment size is an integer multiple of one of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, wherein the sub-segment size refers to the number of MTUs in the sub-section. The sub-segment size is convenient to support the zero symbol ratio. In some embodiments, the segment size is an integer multiple of one of the sub-sections, the integer multiple being at least 2, such a relationship facilitates efficient utilization of available MTUs in the segment and relatively easy segmentation because of the sub-region The dimensions of the segments can be uniform. As explained above, the combination of position and phase encoding can be used to convey information conveyed by a stream of symbols controlled to have one of the zero symbol rates described above. Different zero symbol rates may () and in some embodiments select different sub-sections for the same segment. Various changes beyond the stated range can be used.

In various embodiments, the nodes described herein are implemented using one or more modules to perform steps corresponding to one or more methods, such as selecting a first user, selecting a first user code and a modulation scheme, Selecting a second user, performing first user coding and modulation, executing a second user code, superimposing the generated modulation signal, and the like. In some embodiments, modules are used to implement the various features. Such modules can be implemented using software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. Many of the above methods or method steps can be implemented using machine executable instructions (eg, software) contained in a machine readable medium (eg, a memory device (eg, RAM, floppy disk, etc.)) to control a machine (eg, with or A general purpose computer without additional hardware) to implement all or part of the above methods, for example, in one or more nodes. Thus, in other aspects, various embodiments are directed to machine readable media containing machine executable instructions for causing a machine (eg, a processor and associated hardware) to perform one or more of the steps described above.

From the above description, those skilled in the art will appreciate many additional variations in the methods and apparatus described above. Such changes are considered to be within the scope of the patent application. The methods and apparatus of various embodiments may be (and in various embodiments) used in CDMA, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and/or various other types of communication techniques, which may be used to provide access nodes and A wireless communication link between the mobile nodes. In some embodiments, the access node is implemented as a base station that establishes a communication link with the mobile node using OFDM and/or CDMA. In various embodiments, the mobile node is implemented as a notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), or other portable device, including receiver/transmitter circuitry and logic and/or routing for implementing the methods described.

The techniques of the specific embodiments can be implemented using a combination of software, hardware, and/or software and hardware. Specific embodiments relate to devices, such as mobile nodes (e.g., mobile terminals), base stations, communication systems. The invention is also directed to methods, such as methods of controlling and/or operating a mobile node, a base station, and/or a communication system, such as a host. Various embodiments are also directed to machine readable media (e.g., ROM, RAM, CD, hard disk, etc.) that include machine readable instructions for controlling a machine to perform one or more steps.

In various embodiments, the nodes described herein are implemented using one or more modules to perform steps corresponding to one or more methods, such as signal processing, message generation, and/or transmission steps. Thus, in some embodiments, modules are used to implement the various features. Such modules can be implemented using software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. Many of the above methods or method steps can be implemented using machine executable instructions (eg, software) contained in a machine readable medium (eg, a memory device (eg, RAM, floppy disk, etc.)) to control a machine (eg, with or without An additional hardware general purpose computer) to implement all or part of the above methods, for example, in one or more nodes. Thus, in other aspects, various embodiments are directed to machine readable media containing machine executable instructions for causing a machine (eg, a processor and associated hardware) to perform one or more of the steps described above.

Although the methods and apparatus are described in the context of an OFDM system, at least some of the methods and apparatus are applicable to a wide range of communication systems, including many non-OFDM and/or non-cellular systems.

From the above description, those skilled in the art will appreciate many additional variations in the methods and apparatus described above. Such changes are considered to be within the scope of the patent application. The methods and apparatus can be (and in various embodiments) used in CDMA, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and/or various other types of communication techniques that can be used to provide access nodes and mobile nodes. Wireless communication link between. In some embodiments, the access node is implemented as a base station that establishes a communication link with the mobile node using OFDM and/or CDMA. In various embodiments, the mobile node is implemented as a notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), or other portable device, including receiver/transmitter circuitry and logic and/or routing for implementing the methods described.

<p>100. . . system</p><p>102. . . Community 1</p><p>104. . . Community M</p><p>106. . . BS 1</p><p>108. . . BS M</p><p>110. . . WT 1</p><p>112. . . WT N</p><p>114. . . WT 1'</p><p>116. . . WT N'</p><p>118. . . Wireless link</p><p>120. . . Wireless link</p><p>122. . . Wireless link</p><p>124. . . Wireless link</p><p>126. . . Network node</p><p>128. . . Network link</p><p>130. . . Network link</p><p>132. . . Network link</p><p>200. . . Base station</p><p>202. . . receiver</p><p>203. . . Receive antenna</p><p>204. . . launcher</p><p>205. . . Transmitting antenna</p><p>206. . . processor</p><p>207. . . Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information</p><p>208. . . I/O interface</p><p>209. . . Coding / modulation module X information</p><p>210. . . Memory</p><p>211. . . Coding / modulation module Y information</p><p>212. . . Busbar</p><p>213. . . MTU information</p><p>214. . . decoder</p><p>215. . . Downstream traffic channel section information</p><p>216. . . Coding and modulation transmission module</p><p>219. . . Coding rate indicator information</p><p>220. . . Information / information</p><p>221. . . News</p><p>223. . . Subsection information</p><p>224. . . Base station control routine</p><p>225. . . Second user selection criteria</p><p>226. . . Scheduling module</p><p>227. . . Coding/modulation information</p><p>228. . . First user selection criteria</p><p>229. . . Power information</p><p>230. . . Uplink signaling module</p><p>232. . . Channel quality decision module</p><p>234. . . Coding and modulation transmission control module</p><p>236. . . First user selection module</p><p>238. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>240. . . Second user selection module</p><p>242. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>244. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>246. . . Controllable encoder module</p><p>248. . . Controllable QPSK modulator module</p><p>250. . . Encoder module</p><p>252. . . Modulator module</p><p>254. . . WT information / information</p><p>256. . . System information / information</p><p>258. . . Received channel quality feedback report</p><p>260. . . Received uplink traffic channel message</p><p>261. . . Data message received via I/O interface</p><p>262. . . Downstream traffic channel segment assignment message</p><p>264. . . Possible second user information</p><p>266. . . Power ratio information</p><p>268. . . WT 1 information / information</p><p>270. . . WT N information / information</p><p>272. . . User profile</p><p>274. . . WT identification information</p><p>276. . . Device/session/resource information</p><p>278. . . Channel quality information</p><p>280. . . Downlink resource request information</p><p>282. . . Downstream traffic channel section assignment section information</p><p>284. . . Information bit</p><p>286. . . Section identification information</p><p>288. . . Coding/modulation information</p><p>290. . . Modulation type information</p><p>294. . . Power information</p><p>296. . . Coded bit</p><p>298. . . Modulation symbol information</p><p>299. . . Per MTU bit</p><p>300. . . Wireless terminal</p><p>302. . . receiver</p><p>303. . . Receive antenna</p><p>304. . . launcher</p><p>305. . . Transmitting antenna</p><p>306. . . processor</p><p>308. . . User I/O device</p><p>310. . . Memory</p><p>312. . . Busbar</p><p>314. . . Demodulation transformer/decoder</p><p>316. . . Encoder</p><p>320. . . Information / information</p><p>324. . . Wireless terminal control routine</p><p>326. . . Downlink signaling module</p><p>328. . . Uplink signaling module</p><p>330. . . Channel quality decision module</p><p>332. . . Decoding and demodulation variable control module</p><p>334. . . First user module</p><p>336. . . Second user module</p><p>338. . . Energy detection module</p><p>340. . . Modulated symbol processing module</p><p>342. . . Subsection decoding module</p><p>343. . . Segment block decoding module</p><p>344. . . First user signal removal module</p><p>346. . . Modulation module symbol processing module</p><p>348. . . Segment block decoding module</p><p>350. . . WT information / information</p><p>352. . . System information / information</p><p>354. . . User profile</p><p>356. . . WT identification (ID) information</p><p>358. . . Base station ID information</p><p>360. . . Device/session/resource information</p><p>362. . . Channel quality information</p><p>364. . . Downstream traffic channel section specifies section information</p><p>366. . . Section identification information</p><p>368. . . First/second user identification information</p><p>370. . . Coding/modulation information</p><p>372. . . Restored information bit</p><p>374. . . Modulation type information</p><p>376. . . BPM information</p><p>378. . . Power information</p><p>380. . . Coded bit</p><p>382. . . Modulation symbol</p><p>383. . . Base station identification information</p><p>384. . . Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information</p><p>386. . . First user demodulation/decoding information</p><p>388. . . Second user demodulation/decoding information</p><p>390. . . MTU information</p><p>392. . . Downstream traffic channel section information</p><p>394. . . Channel quality report</p><p>396. . . Upstream traffic channel segment user profile message</p><p>398. . . Received downlink segment assignment message</p><p>399. . . Received downlink traffic channel signal information</p><p>402. . . Coding and modulation transmission module</p><p>404. . . Transmitting antenna</p><p>406. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>408. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>410. . . Combination module</p><p>411. . . Aggregator module</p><p>412. . . Combined signal transmitter module</p><p>413. . . Perforation module</p><p>414. . . Second user selection module</p><p>415. . . Transmission power control module</p><p>416. . . Second user multiplex module</p><p>417. . . Segmentation information module</p><p>418. . . User profile information</p><p>419. . . Zoom module</p><p>420. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>422. . . Controllable encoder</p><p>424. . . Controllable QPSK modulator</p><p>426. . . Uncoded bit (UB_X)</p><p>428. . . signal</p><p>430. . . Modulation symbol X(S_X)</p><p>431. . . Modulation symbol Y(S_Y)</p><p>432. . . Power level signal P_X</p><p>434. . . Possible second user 1</p><p>436. . . Possible second user 2</p><p>438. . . Possible second user N</p><p>440. . . Uncoded bitstream UB₁_Y</p><p>442. . . Uncoded bitstream UB₂_Y</p><p>444. . . Uncoded bitstream UB_N_Y</p><p>448. . . signal</p><p>450. . . Request signal</p><p>452. . . signal</p><p>456. . . control signal</p><p>458. . . Selected uncoded bit Y (UB_S_Y)</p><p>460. . . Encoder</p><p>462. . . Modulator</p><p>464. . . Combined signal</p><p>500. . . Coding and modulation module</p><p>502. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>504. . . Controllable encoder module</p><p>506. . . Controllable QPSK modulator module</p><p>507. . . Position determination module</p><p>508. . . input signal</p><p>509. . . Phase decision module</p><p>510. . . CRI</p><p>512. . . MSI</p><p>514. . . CRI related information</p><p>516. . . Uncoded information bit stream (UB_X)</p><p>518. . . Coded bit (CB_X)</p><p>520. . . Modulation symbol S_X</p><p>522. . . Energy level output indicator (P_X)</p><p>902. . . Vertical axis</p><p>904. . . horizontal axis</p><p>906. . . Symbol X (S_X)</p><p>910. . . Symbol Y (S_Y)</p><p>1000. . . Exemplary downlink traffic channel section</p><p>1002. . . Vertical axis</p><p>1004. . . horizontal axis</p><p>1200. . . Exemplary downlink traffic channel section</p><p>1400. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>1402. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>1403. . . Bit stream divider module</p><p>1404. . . Controllable encoder 1 position coding module</p><p>1405. . . Controllable encoder 2 phase encoding module</p><p>1406. . . Controllable QPSK modulator module</p><p>1408. . . input signal</p><p>1410. . . Coding rate indicator</p><p>1412. . . Coding scheme indicator</p><p>1418. . . Coded bit</p><p>1420. . . Modulation symbol S_X</p><p>1421. . . Coded bit</p><p>1422. . . Energy output indicator</p><p>1602. . . Coding and modulation transmission module</p><p>1606. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>1608. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>1610. . . Interleaver module</p><p>1612. . . Interleaved signal transmitter module</p><p>1613. . . OFDM symbol transmitter module</p><p>1614. . . First user multiplex module</p><p>1616. . . First user selection module</p><p>1618. . . Second user multiplex module</p><p>1620. . . Second user selection module</p><p>1622. . . User profile information</p><p>1624. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>1626. . . Encoder module</p><p>1627. . . Astrology information</p><p>1628. . . Modulator module</p><p>1629. . . Power control module</p><p>1630. . . Encoder module</p><p>1631. . . Astrology information</p><p>1632. . . Modulator module</p><p>1633. . . Power control module</p><p>1634. . . SNR threshold</p><p>1636. . . Uncoded bitstream 1X (UB₁_X)</p><p>1638. . . Uncoded bitstream 2X (UB₂_X)</p><p>1640. . . Uncoded bitstream NX (UB_N_X)</p><p>1642. . . Possible first user 1</p><p>1644. . . Possible first user 2</p><p>1646. . . Possible first user N</p><p>1648. . . Uncoded bitstream 1Y (UB₁_Y)</p><p>1650. . . Uncoded bitstream 2Y (UB₂_Y)</p><p>1652. . . Uncoded bitstream NY (UB_N_Y)</p><p>1654. . . Possible second user 1</p><p>1656. . . Possible second user 2</p><p>1658. . . Possible second user N</p><p>1660. . . Uncoded bit (UB_S_X)</p><p>1662. . . BPM signal</p><p>1664. . . signal</p><p>1668. . . Request signal</p><p>1670. . . User contour signal</p><p>1672. . . Selected uncoded bit Y (UB_S_Y)</p><p>1674. . . signal</p><p>1676. . . Signal P_X</p><p>1678. . . Request signal</p><p>1682. . . User contour signal</p><p>1684. . . Modulated signal indicator</p><p>1686. . . Modulation symbol (S_X)</p><p>1688. . . Modulation symbol Y(S_Y)</p><p>1690. . . Modulated symbol stream S_Z</p><p>1692. . . control signal</p><p>1700. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>1702. . . Controllable block encoder</p><p>1703. . . Code block size decision module</p><p>1704. . . Controllable modulator</p><p>1706. . . Modulation indicator</p><p>1708. . . Selected second user</p><p>1710. . . control signal</p><p>1712. . . Controlling the letter</p><p>1714. . . Controlling the letter</p><p>1716. . . Coded bit</p><p>1800. . . Interleaver module</p><p>1802. . . X modulation symbol stream input buffer</p><p>1804. . . Y modulation symbol stream input buffer</p><p>1806. . . Zero symbol detector</p><p>1808. . . Control module</p><p>1810. . . Interleaver</p><p>1811. . . Replacement module</p><p>1812. . . X modulation symbol stream</p><p>1813. . . S_XModulation symbol</p><p>1814. . . Y modulation symbol stream</p><p>1815. . . Replace control signal</p><p>1816. . . MSI signal</p><p>1820. . . Load X signal</p><p>1822. . . X transfer actuation signal</p><p>1824. . . Y signal</p><p>1826. . . Transfer actuation signal</p><p>1828. . . Non-zero S_XNumerical value</p><p>1830. . . S_YNumerical value</p><p>1832. . . Z modulation flow</p><p>1900. . . Downlink traffic channel section</p><p>1952. . . Legend information</p><p>1954. . . Legend information</p><p>2000. . . Downlink section</p><p>2052. . . Legend information</p><p>2054. . . Legend information</p><p>2122. . . Connection node A</p><p>2150. . . Connect Node B</p><p>2160. . . Connection node C</p>

1 is a diagram of an exemplary communication system.

2 is a diagram of an exemplary base station.

3 is a diagram of an exemplary wireless terminal.

4 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module.

Figure 5 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module.

Figure 6 contains diagrams and tables illustrating exemplary embodiments of sub-segment structures, modulation symbols, and data rate information.

FIG. 7 is a table summarizing an exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6.

Figure 8 contains a table listing exemplary first user modulation selector criteria, a table illustrating exemplary wireless terminal data rate requirements and options that may be selected.

9 is an exemplary energy relationship between a non-zero modulation symbol from the first encoding and modulation module and a non-zero modulation symbol from the second encoding and modulation module. The variable symbol is transmitted as an overlapping signal.

Figure 10 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel section.

Figure 11 illustrates several examples of subdividing an exemplary downlink traffic channel section into sub-sections.

Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment that includes sub-segments and overlapping modulation symbols from the first and second encoding and modulation modules.

Figure 13 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel sub-section and exemplary coded bit map.

14 illustrates an exemplary encoding and modulation module implemented and constructed to take advantage of the characteristics of an input data stream that includes two different types of information that must be successfully restored depending on the information set. And get priority.

15 is a table illustrating exemplary data rate options for a downlink traffic channel segment in an exemplary system.

Figure 16 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation transfer module supporting such interleaving functionality.

17 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module that can be used in the encoding and modulation transmission module of FIG.

18 is a diagram of an exemplary interleaver module that may be one of the interleaver modules for the encoding and modulation transmission module of FIG.

Figure 19 shows a portion of an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment that has been interleaved to include first user and second user modulation symbols.

Figure 20 shows a variation of Figure 19 illustrating the arrangement of first user non-zero modulation symbols within a segment, which passes the first user coded bit and determines the second user modulation symbol for the segment. Arrangement.

21A through 21C are diagrams showing a flow chart of an exemplary method of transmitting each data set.

22 is a diagram of a flow chart of an exemplary communication method.