Efficient signal transmission methods and apparatus using a shared transmission resource

High-efficiency signal transmission method and device using shared transmission resources

The present invention relates to a method and device for efficiently using air link resources for signaling, and more specifically, to a method and device for efficient overlapping signaling in a wireless communication system.

In a wireless multi-access communication system, a limited number of available air link resources (such as bandwidth over time) need to be shared among multiple users. A fixed amount of air link resources can be saved for downlink traffic channel signaling, which is configured to wireless terminals by the base station scheduler, such as wireless terminals on a per-segment basis. As a network attachment point (such as a designated sector and/or cell) used to locate a wireless terminal in its wireless coverage area, a base station is limited in the number of active users, and these users are available To receive the downlink traffic channel signal within a predetermined time interval. Such restrictions are based on the number and capacity of traffic channel segments available for assignment to users in a given time interval. Other factors that contribute to user capacity include channel conditions and interference levels in the system. In some specific embodiments, in order to facilitate the assignment and reduce the extra burden associated with the assignment, each downlink traffic channel segment contains a fixed number of minimum transmission units (MTU), for example, can be used to transmit modulation The same fixed number of MTUs for the signal. For a fixed-size downlink traffic channel segment, the number of information bits that can be conveyed in a given downlink traffic channel segment is the selected coding rate and the modulation scheme used for the segment (such as QPSK , QAM16, QAM64) function.

In order to increase the number of active users supported by a base station network attachment point in a sector or cell, some systems use overlapping signaling, where for a given MTU or MTU set, high-power signaling is directed to The first user or a group of users directs low-power transmission to the second user or a group of users, and both signals are simultaneously transmitted using the same air link resource. The implementation of overlapping signaling tends to create interference problems.

Generally speaking, at any given time in the communication system, there is a wide range of user requests and/or requirements based on downlink traffic channel signaling requirements. Some users (such as users who download large data files, video images, programs, etc.) may have a large number of information bits or information bit frames to receive and will use block coding to obtain large-size traffic channel sections. Appropriate service. Other users (such as users who receive voice messages or short message packets) may only need to receive a small number of information bits at the same time and will get better results when the downlink traffic channel segment size and block size are smaller. good service. A user may have been receiving a large stream of information bits and efficiently using air link resources, but now only needs to transmit a small amount of extra bits to complete the transmission. Generally speaking, the unused information bit capacity in the downlink traffic channel segment of the encoding can be filled with a known value (for example, zero) to complete the encoding block. However, such implementations waste air link resources and create unnecessary interference.

When scheduling users, time constraints on downlink data may also be an important consideration. For example, some users (for example, users in voice applications such as VoIP) may only need to transmit a small amount of data in the downlink; however, it takes time to deliver a small amount of data each time. Certain existing downlink traffic channel segment structures (for example, implementations configured to efficiently convey data such as text or video) may not efficiently facilitate such specific embodiments. For example, each downlink traffic channel segment can be configured to contain many MTUs to support data applications; however, the typical block of voice information bits to be communicated at the same time may be significantly smaller than the downlink traffic channel segment The number of information bit positions. Timing constraints on blocks of speech bits can prevent aggregating multiple blocks of speech bits into a single downlink traffic channel segment. In addition, frequent requests for downlink traffic channel segments by voice users may tend to monopolize the available downlink transmission slots and reduce the overall system downlink user data output.

In addition, at different times, the same wireless terminal may have different downlink data requirements, such as switching between user applications, digesting received data, and continuing to input data for transmission on the uplink.

Based on the above description, it should be understood that more efficient devices and methods are needed to use air link resources for downlink traffic channel signaling in a wireless communication system that uses a wide range of various resource requirements to support multiple users. It is advantageous to use the following method and device: it allows low data rate users and high data rate users to coexist and share air link resources, and each user adopts an encoding and modulation technology that efficiently utilizes resources. Also used is the use of the following technology: it reduces the amount of wasted resources caused by excessive unused information bit capacity in the segment. It is also advantageous to use high-efficiency data overlapping transmission technology, which limits the number of superimposed signals transmitted in a segment, thereby limiting interference, and increasing the number of active users supported.

Each specific embodiment relates to a method and device for implementing overlapping coding. The methods and devices of the specific embodiments are quite suitable for, for example, base stations. Although the overlapping techniques of the specific embodiments can be used for various coding methods and different types of transmission signals, the specific embodiments are related to OFDM applications. The method of each specific embodiment is quite suitable for downlink signaling applications. In some embodiments, a communication device (such as a base station) performs encoding and modulation and then transmits (for example) signals in the transmission section, which can be received by one or more wireless terminals.

In each specific embodiment, the same communication section is used to transmit two or more different data sets. Encode and/or modulate at least one data set to obtain at least a minimum that can be predetermined based on various factors (such as encoding, modulation, and/or the number of information bits corresponding to the first data set transmitted using the minimum transmission unit) The zero symbol rate is one of the zero zero symbols. In each specific embodiment, for the existing location element of each minimum transmission unit, the number of zero modulation symbols generated from the data set is forced to meet the minimum requirement. Therefore, the modulation symbol stream generated from the first data set using an encoding method (such as QPSK) will have an average predictable minimum number of zero modulation symbols. In some embodiments, a combination of phase and position coding is used to convey the first data set, the position of the non-zero modulation symbol conveys at least some information in the first data set, and the phase and/or amplitude modulation is used to convey The additional information contained in the first dataset.

According to various embodiments, the modulation symbols generated from the second data set are communicated as the modulation symbols corresponding to the first data set in the same communication section. The non-zero modulation symbols corresponding to the second data set are communicated at different power levels. The non-zero modulation symbol corresponding to the first data set is communicated at a higher power level than the non-zero modulation symbol corresponding to the second data set.

As part of the transmission routine, the first and second modulation symbol streams are combined.

The methods and devices of the specific embodiments are quite suitable for base stations, for example, in which different data sets are transmitted to different user devices with different power requirements to obtain successful reception.

It is possible but not necessary to implement the transmission method and device of each specific embodiment in the base station. In addition to the transmission method and device, each specific embodiment relates to a data storage device, such as a memory device, which stores one or more routines, which can be used to implement one or more steps and circuits (such as integrated circuits). Chip), these circuits can be used to implement one or more modules or devices.

Although the specific embodiments have been briefly described above, it should be understood that not all specific embodiments must include the same features and some of the above-mentioned features are not necessary but may be required by some specific embodiments. Many additional features, specific embodiments, and benefits are described in the following embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary communication system 100. As shown in FIG. The system 100 includes devices and methods for efficiently utilizing downlink flow channel air link resources. The exemplary system 100 may be, for example, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communication system using overlapping signaling in the downlink. The system 100 includes a plurality of cells (cell 1 102, cell M 104). Each cell (cell 1 102, cell M 104) respectively represents a wireless coverage area for the corresponding base station (BS 110, BS M 108). The system 100 includes a plurality of wireless terminals (WTs) (WT 1 110, WT N 112, WT 1'114, WT N'116). At least some WTs are mobile nodes (MN); these MNs can move throughout the system 100. Each WT (110, 112, 114, 116) can establish a radio link corresponding to the cell in which the WT is currently located. In Figure 1, (WT 1 110, WT N 112) are coupled to BS 1 106 via wireless links (118, 120); (WT 1'114, WT N 112) are coupled to BS 1 106 via wireless links (122, 124), respectively. '116) Coupling to BS M 108.

The BS (106, 108) is coupled to the network node 126 via network links (128, 130), respectively. The network node 126 is coupled to other network nodes via the network link 132, such as routers, other base stations, AAA server nodes, home agent nodes, etc., and/or the Internet. The network links 128, 130, and 132 may be, for example, optical fiber links. The network node 126 and the network links 128, 130, and 132 are part of the post network, which links the BSs in different cells together and provides connections so that the WT located in a cell can communicate with each other. Peer-to-peer nodes in different cells communicate.

The system 100 is shown as having cells, with one sector in each cell. These methods and devices can also be applied to systems with more than one sector per cell (for example, 2, 3, or more than 3 sectors per cell), and have different numbers for each cell in different parts of the system The system of sectors. In addition, the methods and devices can also be applied to many non-cellular wireless communication systems, including at least one base station and a plurality of wireless terminals.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exemplary base station 200. The exemplary BS 200 is sometimes referred to as an access node. The BS 200 can be any of the BSs (106, 108) of the system 100 in FIG. 1. The exemplary BS 200 includes a receiver 202, a transmitter 204, a processor 206, an I/O interface 208, and a memory 210 coupled together via a bus 212 in which the components can exchange data And information.

The receiver 202 is coupled to the receiving antenna 203, and the BS 200 can receive uplink signals from a plurality of wireless terminals. The receiver 202 includes a decoder 214 for decoding the received encoded uplink signal. The received coded uplink signal may include a request for uplink traffic channel resources, a channel quality report feedback message, and an uplink traffic channel signal.

The transmitter 204 is coupled to the transmitting antenna 205, and the pilot signal, the flag signal, the assignment message, and the downlink traffic channel signal are sent to a plurality of wireless terminals on the antenna. The transmitter 204 includes an encoding and modulation transmission module 216. The encoding and modulation transmission module 216 supports overlapping transmission. The encoding and modulation transmission module 216 can encode and modulate the information bits corresponding to the user of the first choice and the user of the second choice, combine information and transmit the same downlink traffic channel section air link resources The combination of overlapping signals within.

The I/O interface 208 couples the BS 200 to other network nodes, such as routers, other base stations, AAA server nodes, home agent nodes, and/or the Internet. The I/O interface 208 provides an interface to a post network that provides interconnection between nodes in different cells.

The memory 210 includes routines 218 and data/information 220. The processor 206 (such as a CPU) executes the routine 218 and uses the data/information 220 in the memory 210 to operate the BS 200 and implement various methods.

The routine 218 includes a communication routine 222 and a base station control routine 224. The communication routine 222 implements various communication protocols used by the BS 200. The base station control routine 224 controls the operation of the BS 200, including the operation of the receiver 202, the operation of the transmitter 204, the operation of the I/O interface 208, and the implementation of methods. The base station control routine 224 includes a scheduling module 226, a downlink signaling module 228, and an uplink signaling module 230.

The downlink transmission module 228 includes a channel quality determination module 232, an assignment transmission module 227, and an encoding and modulation transmission control module 234. The encoding and modulation transmission module 234 includes a first user selection module 236, an encoding and modulation module X 238, a second user selection module 240, and an encoding and modulation module Y 242.

The scheduling module 226 (such as a scheduler) schedules uplink and downlink channel air link resources (such as sectors) to the wireless terminal user. The operation of the scheduler 226 includes assigning downlink traffic channel segments to specific wireless terminals from a plurality of wireless terminals according to the scheduling strategy. The first user selection module 236 and the second user selection module 240 cooperate. The operating scheduler 226 can schedule the same downlink traffic channel segment to two users, conveying different information for each of the two users.

The downlink signaling module 228 controls the operation of the transmitter 204 and its encoding and modulation transmission module 216 to transmit downlink signals including downlink traffic segment assignment messages 262 and downlink signals including overlapping signals Flow channel signal. The channel quality determination module 232 (for example) determines the communication channel quality between the base station 200 and the wireless terminal 300 (see Figure 3) for each WT 300 under consideration based on the channel quality feedback report 258 received from the WT 300. .

The assignment transmission module 227 generates assignment messages and controls the transmission of the generated assignment messages. The generated assignment messages include assignment information for downlink traffic channel segments. At least some of the assignment information indicates: a first wireless terminal, a corresponding downlink traffic channel segment is assigned to the terminal for receiving a first data set; and a second wireless terminal, the same downlink The traffic channel segment is assigned to the terminal for receiving a second data set. For example, to guide the first data set of data to a first user, the first data set uses a zero-symbol rate coding and modulation scheme of the encoding and modulation module X 238 through zero and non-zero QPSK modulation symbols The second data set is guided to a second user, and the second data set is transmitted by modulation symbols (for example, QPSK, QAM16, QAM64 or QAM256 modulation symbols of self-encoding and modulation module Y 242) Pass it on.

The encoding and modulation transmission module 234 controls the operation of the encoding and modulation transmission module 216. The first user module 236 selects the user to be assigned as the first user for a specific downlink traffic channel segment, and the encoding and modulation module X 238 encodes and modulates the information to be transmitted to the first user . In some embodiments, the number of information bits that can be transmitted in a given downlink traffic channel segment for users of the first category is less than that of the same downlink traffic that can be used for users of the second category. The number of information bits transmitted in the traffic channel segment. The first user selection module 236 selects the first type of users that is a function of the amount of information to be communicated in a predetermined time interval. For example, the first type of user that is a typical choice for a given segment may have a small amount of user data/information currently to be received in the downlink, and if such users are assigned to be used for a given traffic channel segment For the second type of users, some of the available information bit positions in the segment will not be needed and will be filled (for example, with zeros), thereby wasting air link resources. Coding and Modulation Module X 238 includes a modulation selector module 244, a controllable encoder module 246, and a controllable QPSK modulator module 248. The modulation selector module 244 receives a bit per MTU (BPM) value or an indicator of the BPM value, such as a data rate indicator value, which indicates that the first users data for selection is to be transmitted in a section A number of frames of information bits, each frame has a fixed number of information bits, and the modulation selector module 244 generates: (i) a coding rate indicator (CRI) directed to the controllable encoder module 246 The signal and (ii) the modulation scheme indicator (MSI) signal leading to the controllable QPSK modulator module 248. The encoding rate indicator indicates a number of input information bits and a corresponding number of encoding bits to be generated from the indicated number of input bits, for example, for each segment. The controllable encoder module 246 receives an unencoded information bit stream and an encoding rate indicator, and the two inputs correspond to the selected first user. The controllable encoder module 246 performs block encoding on the number of received information bits (k) to be conveyed in the segment that generates a number of encoded bits (n). The controllable encoder 246 aggregates the coded bit stream into coded bit subsets (each coded bit subset will be communicated in a subsection), and forwards the coded bits to the controllable QPSK modulator module 248. In some embodiments, some coded bits of the sub-segment correspond to a symbol energy level pattern used for the sub-segment and other coded bits of the sub-segment correspond to the transmission on the generated modulation symbol The value of. The modulation scheme indicator (MSI) indicates which of the plurality of zero symbol rate QPSK modulation schemes will be used to modulate the coded bits. In some specific embodiments, each possible zero symbol rate QPSK modulation scheme corresponds to a different number of zero MTU fractions. For example, a first modulation scheme may include one zero modulation symbol and one non-zero QPSK modulation symbol in each subsection, and each subsection includes two MTUs; a second modulation scheme may include three per subsection. One zero modulation symbol and one non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, each sub-section contains four MTUs; and a third modulation scheme may include seven zero modulation symbols and one non-zero QPSK modulation symbol per sub-section , Each subsection contains eight MTUs. Some different QPSK zero symbol rate modulation schemes may have a different number of subsections per section. Some different QPSK zero symbol rate modulation schemes may have the same number of subsections per section, for example, a different number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols per subsection. Controllable QPSK modulation module 248 receives the MSI from the modulation selector module 244 and the coded bits from the controllable encoder module 246, and generates a set of QPSK modulation symbols for each subsection of the section, each set of modulation symbols At least some zero modulation symbols are included, and the number of zero modulation symbols divided by the number of MTUs per sub-section is a function of MSI. The position of the non-zero modulation symbol and the value of the non-zero modulation symbol in the sub-section are generated by the controllable QPSK modulator module 248 that transmits the coded bit corresponding to the information bit of the first user.

The second user selection module 240 selects the user to be assigned as the second user for the specific downlink traffic channel segment. The encoding and modulation module Y 242 encodes and modulates to be transmitted to the second user. News. The second user selection module 240 selects a second user for the downlink traffic channel segment from a plurality of possible second users, which is a function of: (i) possible second user profile information , Such as channel status and modulation symbol power level, and (ii) the power level of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol previously assigned to the first user of the same downlink traffic channel segment. For example, in the selection routine for the downlink traffic channel segment, the second user selection module 240 can determine the non-zero modulation symbol power level of the selected first user and the same possible second user A ratio of the power level of the associated modulation symbol so that, for a second user who may be qualified, the ratio should exceed a predetermined threshold greater than the expected minimum qualified threshold. Therefore, the first user It should be able to successfully detect the first user modulated signal, such as 3dB or 5dB tolerance. The second user selection module 240 controls the direction of the uncoded information bit stream corresponding to the second user of the encoding and modulation module Y 242, and sends an indicator signal to indicate the BPM (which is a measurement of the data rate) , And the encoding and modulation module Y 242 to be used for encoding and modulation of the second user information bit stream). For example, encoding and modulation module Y 242 can support a plurality of different data rate levels that can be selected, each data rate corresponding to a modulation scheme (such as traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256), a coding rate and an associated modulation symbol power bit allow. The encoding and modulation module Y 242 includes an encoder module 250 and a modulator module 252. The encoder module 250 encodes an information bit set (for example, an information bit set transmitted in a section) into a coded bit set, and the pattern of the coded bit indicates a codeword. The output from the encoder module 250 (i.e. coded bits) is directed to the modulator module 252, which encodes according to the selected modulation scheme (for example, traditional QPSK, QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 with a specified power level) The bit value is modulated into modulation symbols, such as QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 modulation symbols.

In some embodiments, the encoding and modulation transmission module 216 may partially or fully implement the features and/or functions included in the encoding and modulation transmission control module 242. In FIG. 2, the modulation selector module 244, the controllable encoder module 246, the controllable QPSK modulator module 248, the encoder module 250, the modulator module 252 and the second user selection module The group 240 has been indicated by the dashed line as being included in the downlink transmission module 234 as needed; such functions not included in the downlink transmission module 234 will usually be included in the encoding and modulation transmission module 216 Medium, such as in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. FIGS. 4 and 5 provide exemplary embodiments that include at least some of the functions previously described for the encoding and modulation transmission control module 234 implemented in the encoding and modulation transmission module 216 in the vertical transmitter 204.

The uplink signaling module 230 controls the operation of the receiver 202 and its decoder 214, including receiving, demodulating, and decoding the channel quality report 258 and the received uplink traffic channel information 260.

The data/information 220 includes plural sets of WT data/information 254 (WT 1 data/information 268, WT N data/information 270) and system data/information 256. WT 1 data/information 268 includes user data 272, WT identification information 274, device/session/resource information 276, channel quality information 278, downlink resource request information 280, and downlink traffic channel segment assignment segment information 282 .

The user data 272 includes user data/information, for example, data/information representing voice, text, or video originating from a peer node of WT 1 that is to communicate with WT 1 via a downlink traffic channel segment signal. The user data 272 also includes user data/information received from WT 1 on the uplink traffic channel segment and expected to be forwarded to one of the peer nodes of WT 1 in a communication session with WT 1.

The WT identification information 274 includes, for example, an active user identification item assigned by a base station and an IP address associated with WT 1. The device/session/resource information 276 includes uplink and downlink segments, such as the traffic channel segment assigned to WT 1 by the scheduling module 226, and includes WT 1's peers for the communication session with WT 1 The session information of the node's address and routing information. The channel quality information 278 includes channel quality feedback information, channel estimation information, and channel interference information. The channel quality information 278 is used by the user selection modules 236, 240. Downlink resource request information 280 includes information indicating a request (for example, received request, granted request, significant request, current request), and estimated information for downlink traffic channel resources required by WT 1, for example, according to the information to be communicated The information bit and/or the frame information of the information bit to be conveyed. The downlink resource request information 280 may also include restriction information associated with the request (such as priority level, time constraint, reliability requirement, emergency, retransmission strategy, etc.).

The downlink traffic channel section assignment section information 282 includes information bits 284, section identification information 286, and coding/modulation information 288. For WT 1, there may be multiple sets of DL traffic channel assignment section information 282, such as one set of information 282 scheduled for WT 1 by the scheduling module 226 for each DL traffic channel section assignment. The information bits 284 include information bits that can be input to control the encoder module 246 or the encoder module 250. The section identification information 286 identifies the type of the downlink traffic channel section and WT 1 in the downlink timing structure as a first-type user or a second-type user. The coding/modulation information 288 includes modulation type information 290 (such as QPSK and zero symbol rate modulation schemes), traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256, and the modulation schemes may include the first type of user sub-section size, coding Rate, zero MTU score information, and code bit mapping information. The code/modulation information 288 also includes bits per MTU 299, modulation symbol transmission power information 294, code bits 296, and modulation symbol information 298. The code bit 296 may be output from one of the controllable encoder module 246 or the encoder module 250, and the modulation symbol information 298 may include the value of the modulation symbol to be generated by the modulation module 248 or 252.

The system data/information 256 includes uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 207, encoding/modulation module X information 209, and encoding/modulation module Y information 211. The uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 207 includes MTU information 213 and downlink traffic channel segment information 215. For example, the minimum transmission unit (MTU) may be an OFDM tone symbol representing one of the basic air link resources used in the OFDM system, for example, the duration of one tone used in an OFDM symbol timing interval. The downlink traffic channel section information 215 includes information for identifying each downlink traffic channel section in the downlink timing and frequency structure. For example, each section includes a fixed number of designated predetermined OFDM tone symbols. Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 207 also includes other system structure information, such as symbol timing information, tone spacing information, number of uplink tones, number of downlink tones, uplink carrier frequency, downlink Link carrier frequency, uplink bandwidth, downlink bandwidth, uplink tone set, downlink tone set, uplink tone drift information, uplink stay information, downlink tone drift information, uplink Traffic section structure information, repetitive timing structure, such as symbol time interval and grouping of symbol time intervals into (for example) stay slot, half slot, slot, super slot, flag slot, super slot, etc.

The encoding/modulation module X information 209 includes a first user selection criterion 228, such as the level required by the BPM user supported by the implemented first user encoding and modulation data rate level. The code rate indicator information 219 includes, for example, a look-up table that associates the value of the code rate indicator with the following: the number of information bits, the number of code bits, and the mapping of the information of the information bits to the code bits used , The information of the coded bits is mapped to the position of the zero/non-zero modulation symbol, and the coded bits are mapped to the value of the modulation symbol. The MSI information 221 includes the following information: it associates each modulation scheme indicator value with one of a plurality of modulation schemes that can be used by the controllable QPSK modulator module 248. The subsection information 223 includes information identifying possible subsection sizes (for example, 2, 4, or 8 MTU per subsection), information identifying each subsection in a section, and identifying each subsection in the section. Information about the location of the section.

The coding and modulation module Y information 211 includes a second user selection criterion 225, coding/modulation information 227, and power information 229. The second user selection criterion 225 includes information used by the second user selection module 240 in evaluating possible second users for the downlink traffic channel segment, such as user profile evaluation criterion information, data rate level Information, about the power ratio threshold level of the assigned first user, etc. The encoding/modulation information 227 includes information about a plurality of data rate levels supported by the encoding and modulation module Y 250. Each data rate level corresponds to an encoding rate, which includes a number of information bits and encoding bits. The number and modulation symbol type, such as traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256. The power information 229 includes a reference power level associated with each data rate level identified in the information 227.

The data/information 220 also includes the received channel quality report 258, the received uplink traffic channel message 260, the data message 261 received via the I/O interface, the downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 262, and possible second use User information 264 and power ratio information 266. The received channel quality report 258 is, for example, a feedback report from the WT 300 that instructs the measurement of downlink channel quality, such as a feedback report based on the received pilot signal and/or the received flag signal. The received uplink traffic channel message 260 contains user information, which is expected to be sent to the peer node of the WT transmitting the uplink signal. The data message 261 received via the I/O interface contains user data received via the post network, which requests to be transmitted via the downlink traffic channel signal to a WT currently using the BS 200 as its network attachment point. For example, BS 200 may receive N frames of user data requested to be communicated to WT 1 via I/O interface 208; One of the peer nodes generates N frames of user data received. It is also possible to restrict information (such as time validity information) to the N frames that are accompanied by the reception of user data. The downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 262 is an assignment message generated to transmit downlink traffic segment assignment information. In some embodiments, the section assignment message 262 also includes a user identification for an assigned section as a first-type user or a second-type user, which is related to the overlap that appears in the section. Send a letter. In some specific embodiments, the assignment message is located in the timing/frequency structure known to the BS 200 and WT 300, so that the location of the assignment message including the user ID in the base station timing/frequency structure is used to determine and overlap The user's specific downlink traffic channel segment and/or type of association. The possible second user information 264 includes user profile information, such as channel quality information 278 retrieved and processed for each of the plurality of second users deemed to be used for a given downlink traffic channel segment. The first/second user power ratio information 266 includes calculated power ratio information corresponding to possible transmission modulation symbols that can be superimposed for a given downlink traffic channel segment. When determining the second user to be used for the predetermined downlink traffic channel segment, the second user selection module 240 compares the power ratio information 266 with the second user selection criteria 225.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an exemplary wireless terminal 300. The WT 300 may be any one of the WTs (110, 112, 114, 116) of the system 100 in FIG. 1. The exemplary WT 300 includes a receiver 302, a transmitter 304, a processor 306, a user I/O device 308, and a memory 310 coupled together via a bus 312 in which various components can be Exchange data and information.

The receiver 302 is coupled to a receiving antenna 303, through which the antenna WT 300 receives the downlink signal from the BS 200, which includes the assignment of the downlink traffic channel segment and the downlink traffic channel segment including overlapping signals Signal. The receiver 302 includes a demodulator/decoder 314, which is used by the WT 300 to demodulate and decode the downlink signal received from the BS 200. For a given downlink traffic channel segment, if the segment is assigned to the WT and the first user of the segment is assigned to the WT, the WT demodulates and decodes the received overlapping signal to capture stronger The level modulated signal includes a non-zero QPSK modulated signal with a relatively high power level for the second user modulated signal, and the second user modulated signal is regarded as noise. As a result, the WT300 recovers its estimate of the first user information bits communicated in the downlink traffic channel segment.

For a given downlink traffic channel segment, if the segment is assigned to the WT 300 and the second user of the segment is assigned to it, the WT demodulates the received overlapping signal to capture the stronger bit The quasi-modulated signal includes a non-zero QPSK modulated signal with a relatively high power level for the second user modulated signal, and the second user modulated signal is regarded as noise; then the WT 300 changes from the original The demodulated QPSK modulation symbol is subtracted from the received overlapping signal, and the remaining signals, such as low-power level QPSK signals or QAM signals, are demodulated and decoded to obtain an estimate of the second user information bit. This is one way to decode superimposed weaker signals.

The advantages of the modulation and coding scheme are partly derived from the alternative decoding method required by the second user in certain specific embodiments. The introduction of zero symbols facilitates novel decoding methods and makes decoding methods unfavorable for channel estimation errors. A receiver can decode weaker signals without having to decode stronger signals and subtract the stronger signals from the received signals. For example, if a receiver can detect and erase a signal that is larger than the predetermined nominal value, the receiver can decode the second weaker signal without even knowing the existence of the stronger signal, and the stronger signal Except for peak interference that appears on top of the transmission of the second weaker signal.

The transmitter 304 is coupled to a transmitting antenna 305, and transmits uplink signals to the BS 200 through the antenna WT 300. The signals include a channel quality report 394 and an uplink traffic channel segment user data message 396. The uplink traffic channel segment user data message 396 directed to one of the peer nodes of the WT 300 can be interpreted as a downlink traffic channel segment resource at the base station 200 that is the network attachment point of the peer node This is because the BS 200 needs to assign downlink traffic channel segments to convey information to the peer node on a wireless link. In some specific embodiments, the same antenna is used as the transmitting antenna 305 and the receiving antenna 303. The transmitter 304 includes an encoder 316 for encoding uplink data/information before transmission.

The user I/O device 308 includes, for example, a microphone, a speaker, a keypad, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a camera, a display, an alarm, a vibration device, and so on. Each user I/O device 308 is used to input user data/information expected for the peer node of the WT 300 and output data/information received from the peer node of the WT 300. In addition, the user I/O device 308 is used by the operator of the WT 300 to activate various functions, such as turning on, turning off, placing a call, and terminating a call.

The memory 310 includes routines 318 and data/information 320. The processor 306 (such as a CPU) executes the routine 318 and uses the data/information 320 in the memory 310 to control the operation of the WT 300.

The routine 318 includes a communication routine 322 and a wireless terminal control routine 324. The communication routine 322 implements various communication protocols used by the WT 300. The wireless terminal control routine 324 controls the operation of the WT 300, including the operation of the receiver 302, the transmitter 304, and the user I/O device 308. The wireless terminal control routine 324 includes a downlink transmission module 326 that controls the operation of the receiver 302 and an uplink transmission module 328 that controls the operation of the transmitter 304.

The downlink transmission module 326 includes a channel quality determination module 330 and a decoding and demodulation control module 332. The channel quality determination module 330 processes the received downlink pilot signal and/or flag signal and generates a channel quality report 394. The decoding and demodulation control module 332 includes a first user module 334 and a second user module 336. The first user module 334 controls the operation of the demodulator/decoder 314 to process the received overlapping downlink channel signals and retrieve the first user information bits. The first user module 334 includes an energy detection module 338, a modulation symbol processing module 340, a sub-section decoding module 342, and a section block decoding module 343. In some embodiments, each combination of one or more modules 338, 340, 342, and 343 can be implemented as a single module, for example, to perform as a code block corresponding to a section Joint operation of sub-section and section decoding operation. The energy detection module 338 processes the received signal, which corresponds to the downlink traffic channel segment, WT 300 has been assigned to the segment as the first user to determine which signal of the received signal (for example, according to which MTU, for example, which OFDM tone symbol in the segment) is a relatively high energy signal. The overlapping second user modulated signal (for example, a traditional QPSK or QAM signal with a power level lower than the non-zero first user QPSK modulated signal) is regarded as noise. The first user modulation signal includes at least some zero modulation symbols in each subsection. Among the received MTUs including a zero first user modulation signal and a non-zero second user modulation signal, the energy detection module 338 should classify the MTU as a zero modulation from the individual first user Signal. The position of the relatively high power signal in each sub-section of the section conveys the value of the coded bit. Then, the modulation symbol processing module 340 processes the located relatively high power modulation symbols (ie, QPSK modulation symbols) to obtain additional coded bit values. The sub-segment decoding module 342 (for example) converts the determined value of the received non-zero first user modulation symbol into coded bits via a look-up table, and converts the determined position information of the non-zero modulation symbol into Extra coding bits. The sub-segment decoding module 342 combines the coded bits corresponding to the position determination and the coded bits corresponding to the value determination to form a coded bit set for the sub-segment. The sub-segment decoding module 342 forwards the sub-segment code bits corresponding to each sub-segment of the segment to the segment block decoding module 343. The section block decoding module 343 combines the coded bit sets used for each subsection of a given section into a coded bit set for the section, and the section block decoding module 343 decodes the Wait for the coded bits to obtain a recovery information bit set.

The second user module 336 controls the operation of the demodulator/decoder 314 to process the received overlapping downlink channel signals and retrieve the second user information bits. The second user module 336 includes a first user signal removal module 344, a modulation module symbol processing module 346, and a segment block decoding module 348. A user signal removal module 344 uses the energy detection module 338 and the first user modulation signal processing module 340 to obtain the position, such as the MTU in the section and the estimated value for the first user QPSK signal , And then subtract the estimated first user estimate signal from the received composite overlap signal. The obtained signal is forwarded to the modulation signal processing module 346. The modulation signal processing module 346 receives the signal corresponding to the MTU of the segment, for example, the adjustment signal from the module 344 corresponding to the MTU containing the non-zero modulation symbol of the first user, and corresponds to the determination as the first user The unadjusted signal of the MTU of the non-zero modulation symbol position. The modulated signal processing module 346 controls the operation of the demodulator to demodulate the second user's traditional QPSK or QAM signal (e.g. QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 modulated signal) to obtain coded bits for each demodulation symbol Yuan. The sector block decoding module 348 receives the output coded bits from the module 346 and controls the decoder to decode and recover the information bits transmitted to the second user in the sector.

It should be noted that the first and second users assign the designation used for each downlink traffic channel segment. Generally speaking, the first and second users will correspond to different WTs. The WT is designated for a first user because a downlink traffic channel segment can be designated for a second user of a different downlink traffic channel segment, for example, based on current resource requirements. In some specific embodiments, for a given downlink traffic channel segment, the WT 300 can be the first user and the second user for the same downlink traffic channel segment. The high power level receives a small number of information bits at a low BPM rate transmitted through the first user modulation and coding (such as QPSK with certain zero symbols), and uses a relatively low power level to pass through the second User modulation and coding (such as traditional QPSK, QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256) delivers a high BPM rate to receive a larger number of information bits.

The uplink signaling module 328 controls the operation of the transmitter 304 and the encoder 306 to encode, modulate and transmit uplink signals to the BS 200. The uplink signals include channel quality reports 394 and uplink traffic channels Section message 396. The uplink traffic channel segment message 396 may include user information directed to one of the peer nodes of the WT 300 that is conducting a communication session with the WT 300. Such uplink traffic channel message 396 can be regarded as a downlink resource request message by the BS 200 that the peer node uses as its network attachment point.

Data/information 320 includes WT data/information 350, system data/information 352, channel quality report 394, uplink traffic channel information 396, received downlink segment assignment message 398, and received downlink traffic channel signal information 399.

WT data/information 350 includes user data 354, WT identification (ID) information 356, base station ID information 358, device/session/resource information 360, channel quality information 362, and downlink traffic channel segment assignment segment information 364 . The user data 354 includes data/information of a peer node of the WT 300 that is expected to be used in a communication session with the WT 300, which is expected to be transmitted from the WT 300 to the BS 200 on the uplink traffic channel segment. The user data 354 also includes data/information received from the BS 200 via a downlink traffic channel segment message 399 originating from a peer node of the WT 300 in a communication session with the WT 300.

The wireless terminal identification information 356 includes, for example, the WT IP address and the WT active user identification item assigned by the BS 200. The base station identification information 358 includes an identification item, such as a value that distinguishes a specific BS 200 network attachment point. The WT 300 uses the specific attachment point as its current point from a plurality of different BS network attachment points in the wireless communication system. Network attachment point. In some embodiments, the BS ID information 358 includes information identifying a specific sector and/or carrier frequency used by the BS network attachment point. The device/session/resource information 360 includes uplink and downlink segments, such as the traffic channel segment assigned to the WT 300, and the session information includes the address and the peer node of the WT 300 for the communication session with the WT 300 Routing information. The channel quality information 362 includes measured, retrieved, and/or estimated information about the wireless communication channel between the WT 300 and the BS 200. The channel quality information 362 may include, for example, signal-to-noise ratio and/or signal-to-interference ratio information measured, retrieved, and/or estimated based on the received pilot and/or flag downlink signal.

The downlink traffic channel section assignment section information 364 includes section identification information 366, first/second user identification information 368, encoding/modulation information 370, and restored information bits 372. The section identification information 366 includes information identifying the assigned downlink traffic channel section in the downlink timing/frequency structure. The first/second user identification information 368 includes identification WT 300. Information about whether the assigned downlink traffic channel segment has been designated as the first user or the second user. The coding/modulation information 370 includes modulation type information 374, BPM information 376, power information 378, code bits 380, and modulation symbol information 382. The modulation type information 374 includes, for example, modulation scheme indicators and coding rate indicator values for the first type of users. The modulation type information 374 includes, for example, information of designated QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, or QAM256 for the second type of user. Bits per MTU (BPM) 376 is the information data rate for the segment required by the first or second type of users. The power information 378 includes the measured power level of the received modulation signal, the determined power level difference between the received signals, and the power tolerance information, which is used to identify and transmit the non-zero modulation that is expected to be used for the first user. The signal. The code bit 380 is a recovery code bit for the first or second user, such as the code bit identified by the information 368 of the downlink traffic channel signal received from the segment. For the first type of users, the coded bits 380 can be aggregated in a subset on a per-segment basis and used as a single block on a per-segment basis, while for the second type of users, the coded bits 380 380 can be aggregated into a single block for sectors. The modulation symbol information 382 includes information identifying which MTU in the section and/or subsection is transmitting the non-zero first user QPSK modulation symbol. The modulation symbol information 382 also includes information identifying the estimated value of the received modulation symbol processed. The recovered information bit 372 includes the WT estimate of the information bit passed to the WT 300 as the first or second user in the segment after the demodulation and decoding operations. Multiple downlink traffic channel section designation section information 364 sets may exist, for example, an information set for each downlink traffic channel section assignment to the WT 300, each assignment corresponding to a downlink traffic channel section And according to the corresponding user type designation of overlapping letters.

The system information/information 352 includes base station identification information 383, uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 384, first user demodulation/decoding information 386, and second user demodulation/decoding information 388. The base station ID information 383 includes a plurality of different base station identification items, which correspond to different BS network points of the system, for example, based on cell, sector, and/or carrier frequency used. The uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 384 includes MTU information 390 and downlink traffic channel segment information 392. For example, the minimum transmission unit (MTU) may be an OFDM tone symbol representing one of the basic air link resources used in the OFDM system, for example, the duration of one tone used in an OFDM symbol timing interval. The downlink traffic channel section information 392 includes information identifying each downlink traffic channel section in the downlink timing and frequency structure, for example, each section includes a fixed number of designated predetermined OFDM tone symbols. Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information 384 also includes other system structure information, such as symbol timing information, tone spacing information, number of uplink tones, number of downlink tones, uplink carrier frequency, downlink Link carrier frequency, uplink bandwidth, downlink bandwidth, uplink tone set, downlink tone set, uplink tone drift information, uplink stay information, downlink tone drift information, uplink Traffic section structure information, repetitive timing structure, such as symbol time interval and grouping of symbol time intervals into (for example) stay slot, half slot, slot, super slot, flag slot, super slot, etc.

Different UL/DL timing and frequency structure information 384 sets may exist and be stored in WT 300 of different BS 200 corresponding to the wireless communication system.

The first user demodulation/decoding information 386 includes information sets corresponding to each encoding and modulation option that can be selected by the base station 200 to convey the first user downlink traffic channel signal. For example, an information set may include a first user data rate level value, a BPM value, a coding rate indicator, a modulation scheme indicator, sub-segment size information, used to demodulate and decode the received signal Information (such as the power level threshold used to determine the position of a non-zero QPSK modulation signal) and decoding information (such as a look-up table) to convert the determined position information and/or the value determined by QPSK into coded bits and / Or information bits. A WT that has been identified as the first user designated for the downlink traffic channel segment and has identified the first user data rate level (for example, the downlink segment assignment message or messages received through processing) 300. Identify and access an information set in the first user demodulation/decoding information 386. The information set received from the information 386 is used by the first user module 334 to process the received signal to generate recovered information bits 372.

The second user demodulation and decoding information 388 includes information sets corresponding to each encoding and modulation option that can be selected by the base station 200 to convey the first user's downlink traffic channel signal. For example, an information set can include a second user data rate level value, a BPM value, and coding rate information (e.g., the number of information bits in a section, the number of code bits in a section, and the length of codewords) , Modulation type indicator (e.g. indicating QPSK or QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256 information (e.g. power level information) used to demodulate the received signal), obtained software value and decoding information (e.g. software value used to determine Code information converted into restored information bits). A WT that has been identified as the second user designated for the downlink traffic channel segment and has identified the second user data rate level (e.g., the downlink segment assignment message or messages received through processing) 300. Identify and receive an information set in the second user demodulation/decoding information 388. The information set received from the information 388 is used by the second user module 336 to process the received signal to generate recovered information bits 372. In some embodiments, the designated second user also receives and processes certain assignment information corresponding to the first user for the same downlink traffic channel segment, such as identifying the first user data rate level Information; this information is used to remove the first user QPSK overlap modulation symbols before demodulating and decoding the second user QAM signal. In some embodiments, the first user QPSK signal and the second user overlapped QAM signal have a sufficient power level difference so that the WT should be able to identify the first user modulated signal containing non-zero QPSK The MTU does not need to decode or evaluate the first user rate level information.

For example, based on the measurement of the received downlink pilot signal and/or flag signal, the channel quality determination module 330 generates the channel quality report 394. The channel quality report 394 is sent from the WT 300 to the BS 200 and used to evaluate candidate second users for the downlink traffic channel segment.

The uplink traffic channel message 396 conveys user information expected for the peer node of the WT 300. The uplink traffic channel message 396 is sent on the uplink traffic channel segment to the BS 200 that the WT 300 serves as its network attachment point. The user data is forwarded via the post network to the BS 200 which is used as the network attachment point by the peer node of the WT 300, and the received user data is regarded as a request for downlink traffic channel resources. The received downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 398 is the received assignment to the WT 300 for the specific downlink traffic channel segment. The received downlink traffic channel segment assignment message 398 or includes information identifying the assigned segment (e.g. segment index identification item), assigned user (e.g. WTID), user type for segment (e.g. Type one or type two) and/or information identifying the data rate level. The received downlink traffic channel signal information 399 includes information included in or determined from the received downlink traffic channel signal (for example, the received overlapping downlink traffic channel signal).

FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 of an exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module 402 coupled to the transmission antenna 404. The exemplary coding and modulation transmission module 402 may be an exemplary embodiment of the module 216 of the BS 200 in FIG. 2, and the antenna 404 may be the antenna 205 in FIG. 2. The exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module 402 includes an encoding and modulation module X 406, an encoding and modulation module Y 408, a combination module 410, a combined signal transmitter module 412, and a second User selection module 414, a second user multiplexing module 416, user profile information 418, a transmission power control module 415, and a section division information/module 417. Assume that another module in the BS (for example, the first user selection module 236 of the BS 200 in FIG. 2) selects the first user for a predetermined downlink traffic channel segment. The BS selects the first user for the downlink traffic channel segment to transmit the low BPM of the second user for the same segment in the segment. In many specific embodiments, the highest BPM rate supported by the encoding and modulation module X 406 is less than the lowest BPM rate supported by the encoding and modulation module Y 408. For the modulation symbol X(S_X)430 and modulation symbol Y(S_YFor the established downlink traffic channel segment of 431, in terms of power level, the non-zero modulation symbol X(S_X)430 and QPSK are higher than the non-zero modulation symbol Y(S_Y) 431, which is usually QAM, such as QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256. In some embodiments, the encoding and modulation module Y408 includes QPSK function.

The encoding and modulation module X 406 includes a modulation selector module 420, a controllable encoder 422, and a controllable QPSK modulator 424. The encoding and modulation module X 406 receives the uncoded bits of a selected first user (UB_X) 426 and deliver a signal 428 corresponding to the requested BPM (bits per MTU) data rate or an indicator for the user's data rate. Uncoded bits (UB_X) 426 is input into the controllable encoder 422 and the BPM signal 428 is input into the modulation selector module 420. The modulation selector module 420 selects an encoding rate and modulation scheme to be used as a function of the BPM 428; and sends the control signal selected by the modulation selector 420 to the controllable encoder 422 and the controllable QPSK modulator module 424. The encoder 422 processes an information bit set corresponding to the requested BPM (for example, a 1, 2 or 3 frame of information bits), and converts a specified number of received uncoded bit streams (UB_X) 426 bits are coded into a block code set of coded bits, and the coded bits used for the segment are aggregated into a subset, and each coded bit subset corresponds to a sub-segment of the same downlink traffic channel segment . The operation of the encoder 422 is performed according to the control signal received by the command. The modulator 424 is controlled to generate a mixture of zero modulation symbols and non-zero QPSK modulation symbols for each sub-section. The positions of the non-zero and zero modulation symbols in the sub-section convey some coded bit information And the value of the non-zero modulation symbol conveys some coded bit information. The output modulation symbol X(S_X) 430 and send the symbol to the combination module 410. In addition, the power level signal P associated with the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol is output from the encoding and modulation module X 406_X432 and input the signal to the second user selection module 414.

The base station identifies possible candidate second users for the downlink traffic channel segment and identifies the signal (possible second user 1 434, possible second user 2 436, ..., possible The second user N 438) is forwarded to the second user selection module 414. Each possible second user (possible second user 1 434, possible second user 2 436, ..., possible second user N 438) has a corresponding uncoded bit stream ( UB₁_Y440,UB₂_Y442, ..., UB_N_Y444), which can be used to input to the second user multiplexing module 416. The second user selection module 414 receives the power level P of the first user modulation symbol_X432 and test possible second users (434, 436, 438) to find out whether the possible second users (434, 436, 438) will be qualified, and then select a set of qualified second users The second user is selected and a signal of selection among the signals 448 directed to the second user multiplexing module 416 is issued. As part of the selection routine, the second user selection module 414 sends a request signal 450 (for example, including a possible second user identification indicator (such as WT ID)) to the user profile information storage 418. In some embodiments, the user profile information 418 may be located in the BS memory 210. A profile information set corresponding to a possible second user may include, for example, user status, data rate, and corresponding modulation symbol power level (P_Y), which can be supported by the WT for downlink traffic channel signals. The user profile information is sent to the second user selection module 414 via the signal 452. The second user selection module 414 may include an SNR_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454, the SNR_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454 indicates a power ratio level, which should exceed the second user deemed qualified. For the predetermined possible second user, the second user selection module 414 determines the following ratio: the first user modulates the symbol power level P_XDivide by the possible second user power level P_Y(P_X/P_Y), where the value should be greater than the SNR for the second user who is deemed qualified_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454. SNR_T_H_R_E_S_H_H_O_L_D454 is selected to be greater than the expected minimum qualified SNR required to successfully decode an X-modulated signal (for example, a signal representing a 3dB or 5dB tolerance). As a result of the selection routine, the second user selection module 414 selects a selected second user, and transmits the second user to the second user multiplexing module 414 in the signal 448; The user selection module 414 sends a corresponding control signal 456 to the encoding and modulation module Y 408, for example, to transmit a selected data rate level that identifies a BPM, modulation type (such as QPSK, QAM16 Or QAM64 or QAM256), coding rate and associated modulated signal power level P_Y。

The second user multiplexing module 416 receives the second user selection signal 448, which controls the multiplexing module 416 to forward the uncoded bit data stream corresponding to the selected second user (UB₁_Y440,UB₂_Y442, ..., UB_N_Y444) the selected bit data stream. Output the selected uncoded bit Y (UB_S_Y) 458 and input it to the coding and modulation module Y 408. The encoding and modulation module Y 408 (for example, supporting QPSK, QAM16, QAM64 and QAM256) includes an encoder 460 and a modulator 462. The encoder 460 receives the selected input unencoded information bit stream (UB_S_Y) 458 and perform block coding for the sector according to the selected coding rate as determined by the control signal 456. The coded bits generated from the encoder 460 are transferred to the modulator 462, where the coded bits are mapped into QPSK or QAM modulation symbols, such as QAM16 modulation symbols or QAM64 modulation symbol or QAM256 modulation symbol. In other specific embodiments, the encoding and modulation module Y 408 may support other modulation types and/or different combinations of modulation types.

Output modulation symbol Y(S_Y) 431 and input the symbol into the combination module 410. The assembly module 410 includes an aggregator module 411, a perforation module 413, and a zoom module 419. In some embodiments, the combination module 410 includes one of the aggregator module 411 and the perforation module 413 instead of the other. When the aggregator module 411 is used, the aggregator module 411 executes the modulation symbol X(S_X) And the modulation symbol Y(S_Y), and output a combined signal 464 from the combination module 410, thereby representing the modulation symbol S_XAnd modulation symbol S_YOverlap. When using the perforation module 413, when the self-modulating symbol X(S_XWhen the modulation symbol of) is non-zero and the same tone symbol is to be occupied, the perforation module 413 adopts the self-modulation symbol X(S_X) Corresponds to the non-zero modulation symbol rushing out of the self-modulation symbol Y(S_Y) One of the modulation symbols. In this case, the combined signal 464 represents the modulation symbol Y(S_Y)431 and the self-adjusting symbol X(S_X) A combination of 430 non-zero modulation symbols. The combined signal 464 is input to the combined signal transmitter module 412 (for example, including an amplifier stage), and the signal is output to the antenna 404, through which the combined downlink traffic channel signal can be transmitted to each WT.

The scaling module 419 coupled to the transmit power control module 415 applies power scaling to the combined modulation symbols according to the power level information associated with the non-zero X modulation symbols and Y modulation symbols. The transmit power control module 415 receives the input P associated with the X and Y non-zero modulation symbols respectively_XAnd P_YAnd use the received information to control the transmission power level of the non-zero modulation symbol used to convey the first data set and the modulation symbol used to convey the second data set to maintain the minimum power difference.

The section division information/module 417 is used to divide the downlink channel section into a plurality of subsections, and the encoding and modulation module X 406 uses the divided plurality of subsections. Figure 11 illustrates an exemplary different segmentation of an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module 500. The exemplary encoding and modulation module 500 may be an exemplary embodiment of the encoding and modulation module X 406 in FIG. 4. Encoding and modulation module X 500 includes a modulation selector module 502, a controllable encoder module 504, and a controllable QPSK modulator module 506; the modules (502, 504, 506) can correspond to each other Modules (420, 422, 424) in Figure 4. The modulation selector 502 receives a bit-per-MTU (BPM) value or a BPM indicator value, such as a data rate value indicating the number of frames of information bits to be transmitted via the input signal 508 in the segment, and the signal indication is The required data rate of the selected user in the downlink traffic channel segment. The modulation selector 502 selects a coding and modulation option from a plurality of coding and modulation options supported by the module 500, so that the selected coding and modulation option can support the required BPM rate and meet the predetermined zero symbol rate criterion. In some embodiments, this selection is performed via a look-up table or similar logic, which maps each possible data rate transmitted via signal 508 to a coding rate indicator value and a modulation scheme indicator value. The zero symbol rate is the number of designated zero modulation symbols divided by the number of positions that can be used to convey a modulation symbol on a sub-segment basis. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the selection meets the following criteria: (i) If the BPM<img file="TW200704068A_D0001.tif" />1.5, then ZSR<img file="TW200704068A_D0002.tif" />0.125, (ii) if BPM<img file="TW200704068A_D0003.tif" />(1), then ZSR<img file="TW200704068A_D0004.tif" />0.25, (iii) if BPM<img file="TW200704068A_D0005.tif" />(1/2), then ZSR<img file="TW200704068A_D0006.tif" />0.5, (iv) If BPM<img file="TW200704068A_D0007.tif" />(1/3), then ZSR<img file="TW200704068A_D0008.tif" />0.75, (v) If BPM<img file="TW200704068A_D0009.tif" />(1/6), then ZSR<img file="TW200704068A_D0010.tif" />0.875. Multiple choices can satisfy this criterion. For example, if BPM=1/3, ZSR can be selected to be 0.75 instead of 0.875. In some specific embodiments, the modulation selector 502 selects coding and modulation options that meet specified criteria and generates a smaller number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols for the segment. The selection generates a coding rate indicator (CRI), which is output from the modulation selector 502 and input to the controllable encoder 504. The selection also generates a coding scheme indicator (MSI) 512, which is output from the modulation selector 502 and input to the controllable QPSK modulator 506. CRI 510 indicates a number of input information bits and a corresponding number of coded bits to be generated from the indicated number of input information bits. The controllable encoder 504 includes CRI related information 514, such as a lookup table. The CRI-related information 514 allows the decoder to determine a predetermined CRI value, that is, the first number of uncoded information bits that are processed into a second number of coded bits. . The coding rate indicator information also enables the decoder to determine the sub-segment size and gather coding bits. CRI 510 can also indicate to the controllable encoder the number of sub-sections in the section and the coding definition of the coding bits used in each section, such as how to code the bit system and non-zero QPSK modulation symbols or each symbol The position or the sign of the sub-segment is associated with and what code bit is associated with the value of the non-zero QPSK modulation sign of the sub-segment. The unencoded information bit stream (UB_X) 516, the encoder output can be input to the coded bits (CB_X)518. According to various embodiments, the controllable QPSK modulator 506 assigns at least some modulation symbols for each sub-section to have a modulation symbol value of 0. The MSI 512 indicates which of the plurality of QPSK modulation schemes is used to modulate the coded bits. In some specific embodiments, each possible QPSK modulation scheme corresponds to a different number of zero MTU scores. QPSK modulator 506 can be controlled to output modulation symbol S_X520. Transfer coded bits from the positions of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols in the sub-section, and transfer a value on each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. In addition, the controllable QPSK modulator 506 also outputs a level output indicator (P_X)522, P_XIt is a measurement of the power level of a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. The second user selection module 414 sets P_XThe value of 522 is used to determine a suitable second user, using the same air link resource to transmit its downlink traffic channel signal as an overlapping signal, and the power level of the second signal is sufficiently lower than the power of the first user signal The level allows the first user to detect the first user downlink signal.

The controllable QPSK modulator 506 includes a position determination module 507 and a phase determination module 509. The position determination module 507 determines which output modulation symbol is a zero modulation symbol and which output modulation symbol is a non-zero modulation symbol. The arrangement of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols will convey coded bit information. The phase determination module 509 determines the phase of the non-zero modulation symbol to be output, and transmits the phase of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol of the additional coded bits of the information.

FIG. 6 includes diagrams and tables illustrating exemplary embodiments of sub-segment structure, modulation symbols, and data rate information. The information of FIG. 6 can be applied to the exemplary encoding and modulation module X500 of FIG. 5. Diagram 620 illustrates that there are four possibilities for the exemplary QPSK modulation symbol; therefore, each non-zero QPSK modulation signal generated by the encoding and modulation module X500 can be transmitted by the complex value of the modulation symbol 2 Information bits.

Row 604 illustrates five exemplary embodiments that can be used for encoding and modulation of a sub-section. Legend 606 identifies that the MTU assigned by QPSK modulation symbols with energy in a subsection is designated as rectangle 608 by the cross-hatch masking, and the MTU assigned by zero modulation symbols in a subsection is designated as the unmasked rectangle 610. Each MTU may be, for example, an OFDM tone symbol, which is a basic unit of air link resources that can be used to transmit a QPSK modulation symbol.

The first example 612 illustrates an example of a specific embodiment, in which each subsection includes two MTU units, and one of the MTUs is assigned a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, and the other MTU is assigned a zero modulation symbol . There are two possible options for the position of the modulated symbol with energy; therefore, one code bit can be transmitted by the position of the modulated symbol with energy. In addition, the complex-valued phase of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy transfers 2 coded bits. The coding and modulation scheme of the first example 612 transmits 3 coding bits per 2 MTU or maximum BPM=1.5, assuming a coding rate=1. The first example 612 can also be described in terms of zero symbol rate (ZSR), where ZSR=the number of zero modulation symbols/the total number of modulation symbol slots in a subsection. For the first example 612, ZSR=0.5.

The second example 614 illustrates an example of a specific embodiment, in which each subsection contains four MTU units, and one MTU is assigned a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, and the other three MTUs are assigned a zero modulation symbol . There are 4 possible options for the position of the modulated symbol with energy; therefore, 2 coded bits can be transferred by the position of the modulated symbol with energy. In addition, the complex-valued phase of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy transfers 2 coded bits. The coding and modulation scheme of the second example 614 transmits 4 coding bits per 4 MTU or maximum BPM=1.0, assuming a coding rate=1. For the second example 614, ZSR=0.75.

The third example 616 illustrates an example of a specific embodiment, in which each subsection includes eight MTU units, and seven MTUs are assigned a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, and the other MTU is assigned a zero modulation symbol. . There are 8 possible options for the position of the energy-carrying modulation symbol group; therefore, 3 coded bits can be transferred by the position of the energy-carrying modulation symbol. In addition, the complex-valued phase transfer of the energy-containing QPSK modulation symbol is used for 2 coded bits of each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, which represents 14 coded bits. The coding and modulation scheme of the third example 616 transmits 17 coding bits per 8 MTU or maximum BPM=2.125, assuming a coding rate=1. For the third example 616, ZSR=0.125.

The fourth example 618 illustrates an example of a specific embodiment, in which each subsection includes four MTU units, and three MTUs are assigned a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, and the other MTU is assigned a zero modulation symbol . There are 4 possible options for the position of the energy-saving modulation symbol group; therefore, 2 coded bits can be transferred by the position of the energy-saving modulation symbol group. In addition, the complex-valued phase transfer of the energy-containing QPSK modulation symbol is used for 2 coded bits of each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, thereby representing 6 coded bits. The coding and modulation scheme of the fourth example 618 transmits 8 coded bits per 4 MTU or maximum BPM=2.0, assuming a coding rate=1. For the fourth example 618, ZSR=0.25.

The fifth example 620 illustrates an example of a specific embodiment, in which each subsection includes eight MTU units, and one MTU is assigned a QPSK modulation symbol with energy, and the other seven MTUs are assigned a zero modulation symbol. . There are 8 possible options for the position of the modulated symbol with energy; therefore, 3 coded bits can be transferred by the position of the modulated symbol with energy. In addition, the complex-valued phase of the QPSK modulation symbol with energy transfers 2 coded bits. The coding and modulation scheme of the fifth example 620 transmits 5 coding bits per 8 MTU or maximum BPM=0.625, assuming a coding rate=1. For the fifth example 620, ZSR=0.875.

It should be noted that the first, second, third, fourth and fifth examples (612, 614, 616, 618, 620) can efficiently encode coded bits into energy positions, because energy positions replace the number of specific embodiments Is a positive integer value = 2^N, Where N is a positive integer. In some specific examples, the sub-segment size and the number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols per sub-segment are selected so as to implement QPSK coding that includes at least some zero-modulation symbols per sub-segment and a modulation scheme. Each coding and modulation scheme used by the modulation module has a possible number of energy positions instead of specific embodiment=2^N, Where N is a positive integer.

FIG. 7 is a table 700 summarizing an exemplary embodiment of the coding and modulation scheme illustrated in FIG. 6. The first column, 718, contains the information in each row of the table. The first row 702 contains an exemplary solution for the first user, and the plots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) respectively correspond to the exemplary embodiments (612, 614, 616, 618, 620) in FIG. 6. The columns (720, 722, 724, 726, 728) correspond to exemplary plots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). The second row 704 contains the number of minimum transmission units (MTUs) in a subsection, which are (2, 4, 8, 4, 8) corresponding to the plots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), respectively. The third row 706 contains the number of non-zero QPSK modulation symbols in a subsection, which correspond to (1, 1, 7, 3, 1) of the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), respectively. The fourth row 708 contains zero symbol rate (ZSR), which is (0.5, 0.75, 0.125, 0.25, 0.875) corresponding to the episodes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), respectively. The fifth row 710 contains the number of coded bits transferred by the non-zero modulation symbol group or the position of each symbol regarding the position of the zero modulation symbol or each symbol group in the subsection in a subsection, which is Respectively correspond to (1, 2, 3, 2, 3) of the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). The sixth row 712 contains the number of coded bits transferred by the non-zero modulation symbol or the phase of each symbol in a sub-section, which respectively correspond to the plots (1, 2, 3, 4). , 5) of (2, 2, 14, 6, 2). The seventh row 714 contains the number of coded bits transferred in a sub-section, which are respectively (3, 4, 17, 8, 5) corresponding to the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). The eighth row 716 contains the maximum number of information bits (BPM) per minimum transmission unit transmitted in a subsection, which are respectively (1.5, 1.0) corresponding to the plot (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , 2.125, 2.0, 0. 625), if the coding rate=1. Generally speaking, the coding rate is a value less than 1, so the BPM is correspondingly reduced. Row 717 contains the number of possible coded bits for standard QPSK using non-zero QPSK modulation symbols in each MTU of the subsection for comparison purposes. The number of possible coded bits (n) is Based on the sub-segment size, 2 coded bits can be transferred for each modulation symbol slot of the sub-segment. Row 717 indicates that (2, 4, 8, 4, 8) sub-sections of MTU can use QPSK (one QPSK modulation symbol per MTU) to respectively transmit (4, 8, 16, 8, 16) coded bits.

FIG. 8 includes a table 800 listing exemplary first user modulation selector criteria and a table 850 illustrating exemplary wireless terminal data rate requirements and options that can be selected. The table 800 includes a first row 802 listing the BPM criteria and a second row 804 listing the ZSR criteria. The first column 806 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to 1.5, the ZSR used for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.125. The second column 808 indicates that if the requested BPM system is less than or equal to 1, the ZSR used for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.25. The third column 810 indicates that if the requested BPM system is less than or equal to (1/2), the ZSR used for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.5. The fourth column 812 indicates that if the requested BPM is less than or equal to (1/3), the ZSR used for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.75. The fifth column 814 indicates that if the requested BPM system is less than or equal to (1/6), the ZSR used for the selected encoding and modulation scheme should be greater than or equal to 0.875.

Table 850 contains: a first row 852, which lists exemplary WTs (A, B, C, D); a second row 854, which contains exemplary WTs (for example, for a given downlink traffic channel segment) BPM request; and a third row 856, which contains options that can be supported (assuming encoding rate = 1) and selection based on the criteria of table 800 (for example, the specified exemplary solutions (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) can be regarded as the possibility of the modulation scheme). Generally speaking, the encoding rate will be selected as a positive value less than 1 and therefore the supported BPM will be reduced accordingly.

The first column 858 indicates that 1.1 BPM is requested for WTA requirements. Table 800 indicates that the selected encoding and modulation scenario should have a ZSR of 0.125 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) has a ZSR of 0.125 or greater; however, episode 2 does not support information data output because its maximum BPM = 1.0, which is less than the requested 1.1 BPM ; Therefore, episode 2 is removed from consideration as an option. In addition, episode 5 does not support information data output, because its maximum BPM=0.625, which is less than the requested 1.1 BPM; therefore, episode 5 is removed from consideration as an option. Therefore, any plot option (1, 3, 4) can be used to send information bits to WTA in the section.

The second column 860 indicates that 1.0 BPM is requested for the needs of WT B. Table 800 indicates that the selected encoding and modulation scenarios should have a ZSR of 0.25 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (1, 2, 4, 5) has a ZSR of 0.25 or greater; however, episode 5 does not support the output of information data, because its maximum BPM=0.625, which is less than the requested 1.0 BPM; therefore As an option, episode 5 was removed. Therefore, any plot option (1, 2, 4) can be used to send information bits to WT B in the section.

The third column 862 indicates that (2/3) BPM is requested for WTC. Table 800 indicates that the selected encoding and modulation scenarios should have a ZSR of 0.25 or greater. Table 700 indicates that each episode (1, 2, 4, 5) has a ZSR of 0.25 or greater; however, episode 5 does not support the output of information data, because its maximum BPM=0.625, which is less than the requested (2/3) BPM; therefore, episode 5 is removed from consideration as an option. Therefore, any plot option (1, 2, 4) can be used to send information bits to the WTC in the section.

The fourth column 864 indicates that (1/3) BPM is requested for WTD. Table 800 indicates that the selected coding and modulation scheme should have a ZSR of 0.75 or greater. The table 700 indicates that each episode (2, 5) has a ZSR of 0.75 or greater. Therefore, any plot option (2, 5) can be used to send information bits to WTD in the section.

Figure 8 has been used to illustrate different exemplary WT data rate requirements, the maximum BPM supported by different zero symbol rate QPSK modulation schemes, and exemplary ZSR selection criteria that can be superimposed. Generally speaking, in a given implementation, one of the given BPM data rates corresponding to the number of data bits per sector is mapped to a coding and modulation scheme, including block coding rate, zero symbol rate, and sub-symbol rate. Segment size. Different BPM values (for example, 1, 2, or 3 corresponding to the frame of the information bit used for the segment) can be mapped into three different encoding and modulation schemes.

FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating an exemplary energy energy between a non-zero modulation symbol from the first encoding and modulation module and a non-zero modulation symbol from the second encoding and modulation module Relationship, the two modulation symbols are transmitted as an overlapping signal. 9 plots the energy levels of the components of the overlapping modulation symbols on the vertical axis 902 versus the encoding and modulation modules (X, Y) on the horizontal axis 904. X coding and modulation modules using block coding with certain zero modulation symbols per subsection and zero symbol rate QPSK are usually used to support the use of a given section (such as downlink traffic channel area Paragraph) low BPM data rate users. Y coding and modulation modules (for example, using block coding technology and traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64 and/or QAM256 modulation) are usually used to support the X coding and modulation modules used in the same predetermined section Higher BPM data rate. With corresponding power level P_XThe symbol of 908 X(S_X) 906 series is shown as having its corresponding power level P_YThe symbol of 910 Y (S_Y)910 for comparison. In the case of QAM (such as QAM64, QAM256) used for Y encoding and modulation modules, P_Y910 can be regarded as the modulated symbol power level associated with the highest amplitude QAM symbol that can be generated, and the highest power level produces the smallest power level difference between the X symbol and the Y symbol. Box 912 Description P_YWith P_XThe relationship between P_Y&lt;δ(BPM X)P_X; The power level associated with the value of the modulation symbol generated by the second user corresponding to the modulation module Y is lower than the non-zero value associated with the first user corresponding to the modulation module X The power level associated with the modulation symbol is multiplied by a certain value delta (δ), where delta is a positive value greater than 1 and delta is one of the BPM options for encoding and modulation module X function. In some specific embodiments, the delta system is selected as a value so that if S in the WT_XThe expected receiver will be S_YComponent is regarded as noise, then the WT should be able to recover S_XSymbol value. In some specific embodiments, maintaining the power margin (for example, 3dB to 5dB) as expected is a successful restoration of S_XAbove the minimum tolerance required by the value.

Figure 10 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1000. The vertical axis 1002 plots the logical tone index 1002 within the segment, and the horizontal axis 1004 plots the OFDM symbol time index in the downlink traffic channel segment. In the exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1000, a logical tone index ranging from 0 to 23 represents 24 tones or 24 frequencies; an OFDM symbol time index ranging from 1 to 28 represents 28 symbol time intervals. Each smaller square (e.g., exemplary square 1006) represents a tone symbol, and the smallest transmission unit (MTU) is used in an exemplary OFDM system. The exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1000 contains 672 OFDM tone symbols.

Figure 11 illustrates several examples of subdividing an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment into sub-segments. Drawing 1100 illustrates a specific embodiment in which the exemplary section 1000 of FIG. 10 is subdivided into exemplary subsections, each subsection has eight OFDM tone symbols, and each tone symbol is an MTU. The exemplary section contains 84 subsections. In the exemplary embodiment of drawing 1100, each OFDM symbol time interval index value in a section includes three subsections. According to a feature of some specific embodiments, each sub-section is constructed in a section so that, if possible, each OFDM tone symbol of the sub-section appears during the same OFDM symbol time interval of the section.

Drawing 1120 illustrates another specific embodiment, in which the exemplary section 1000 of FIG. 10 is subdivided into exemplary subsections, each subsection has four OFDM tone symbols, and each tone symbol is an MTU. The exemplary section contains 128 subsections. In the exemplary embodiment of drawing 1120, each OFDM symbol time interval index value in a section includes six subsections.

Drawing 1140 illustrates another specific embodiment, in which the exemplary section 1000 of FIG. 10 is subdivided into exemplary subsections, each subsection has two OFDM tone symbols, and each tone symbol is an MTU. The exemplary section includes 256 subsections. In the exemplary embodiment of drawing 1140, each OFDM symbol time interval index value in a section includes twelve subsections.

Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1200 that includes sub-segments and overlapping modulation symbols from the first and second encoding and modulation modules. The exemplary traffic channel segment 1200 may be the exemplary traffic channel segment 1000 of FIG. 10 and may be subdivided into sub-segments of 8 OFDM tone symbols per sub-segment for first user signaling, as shown in the example of FIG. 11 1100 shown. Legend 1250 identifies the S used in the modulation symbol reading_X1252 and S_Y1254. In each OFDM tone symbol, a pair of modulation symbols is displayed as (S_X, S_Y), where S_XTo generate modulation symbols for the first user by encoding and modulation module X and S_YTo generate modulation symbols for the second user through the encoding and modulation module Y. For each OFDM tone symbol, S_X0, which means zero modulation symbol or non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, which is displayed as S_A_i, I=1 to 84, where the value i represents the subsection index in the section. Each S_A_iThe value transmits two coded bits by modulating the phase of the symbol, and each S in each subsection_A_iThe position of the modulation symbol conveys 3 extra coded bits. For each OFDM tone symbol, S_YIs the modulation symbol S_B_j, J=1, 672, where the value j corresponds to the pitch symbol index of the stay and the modulation type is QPSK or QAM (such as QAM16 or QAM64 or QAM256), and the same modulation type is used for each symbol S of the section_B_j, And modulate the symbol S_B_jThe set corresponds to the block coding information.

Figure 13 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel sub-segment and exemplary coding bit mapping. Diagram 1302 illustrates that for this exemplary encoding and modulation scheme, the encoded bit stream is processed into a set of five bits (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Drawing 1302 illustrates that an exemplary subsection for this exemplary coding and modulation scheme uses subsections of eight MTUs (MTU1, MTU2, MTU3, MTU4, MTU5, MTU6, MTU7, MTU8). 1304 drawings indicate eight subsections of MTU have been selected to be the same OFDM symbols appearing on a different frequency during a number of time intervals. Table 1306 identifies the mapping of the set of coded bits (1, 2, 3) into the energy pattern in the sub-segment, where one MTU is assigned a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol S_X, And the other seven MTUs are assigned a zero modulation symbol. Each different combination of input bit (1, 2, 3) values will be non-zero QPSK modulation sign S_XPlaced in different MTUs. Table 1308 identifies the mapping of the set of coded bits (4, 5) to the complex value of the QPSK modulation symbol. Each different combination of the value of the input code bit (4, 5) will produce a different phase of the complex value of the QPSK symbol.

Figure 14 illustrates an exemplary encoding and modulation module X 1400, which is implemented and constructed to take advantage of the characteristics of the input data stream, which contains two different types of information, which can be successful according to which information set must be more successful Land restoration and get priority. The encoding and modulation module X 1400 may be an exemplary embodiment of the encoding and modulation module X 406 in FIG. 4. Encoding and modulation module X 1400 includes a modulation selector module 1402, a bit stream divider module 1403, a controllable encoder 1 position encoding module 1404, a controllable encoder 2 phase encoding module 1405 and a controllable QPSK modulator module 1406; the modules (1402, 1404 and 1405, 1406) can correspond to the modules (420, 422, 424) in FIG. 4, respectively. The bit stream divider module 1403 receives the uncoded information bit stream UB corresponding to the input of the selected user_X1416, and divide the bit stream into two bit streams 1417 and 1419, such as UB_X_L_O_W_R_E_S_O_L_U_T_I_O_NAnd UB_X_H_I_G_H_R_E_S_O_L_U_T_I_O_N. The modulation selector 1402 receives a bit per MTU (BPM) value via an input signal 1408, which indicates the desired data rate of the selected user for the downlink traffic channel segment. The modulation selector 1402 selects an encoding and modulation option from a plurality of encoding and modulation options supported by the module 1400, so that the selected encoding and modulation option can support the required BPM rate and meet the predetermined zero symbol rate criterion. The selection generates a coding rate indicator (CRI) 1410, which is output from the modulation selector 1402 and input to the controllable encoders 1404 and 1405. In some specific embodiments, individual coding rate indicators are generated and sent to the two encoders 1404, 1405, for example to identify different coding rates for each encoder (1404, 1405). The selection also generates a coding scheme indicator (MSI) 1412, which is output from the modulation selector 1402 and input to the controllable QPSK modulator 1406. By controlling the encoder 1 position encoding module 1404 to process the unencoded information bit stream 1417 (UB_X_L_O_W_R_E_S_O_L_U_T_I_O_N), the module performs block coding of low-resolution information bits on a per-segment basis and outputs coded bits 1418. The coded bits 1418 that control the position of the non-zero modulation symbol group in the sub-segment are input to the controllable QPSK modulator 1406. According to various embodiments, the controllable QPSK modulator 1406 assigns at least some modulation symbols for each sub-section to have a modulation symbol value of 0. By controlling the encoder 2 phase encoding module 1405 to process the unencoded information bit stream 1419 (UB_X_H_I_G_H_R_E_s_O_L_U_T_I_O_N), the module performs block coding of high-resolution bits on a per-segment basis and outputs coded bits 1421. The coded bits 1421 of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol or the position of each symbol in the control sub-segment are input to the controllable QPSK modulator 1406. MSI 1412 indicates which of the plurality of QPSK modulation schemes is used to modulate coded bits. In some specific embodiments, each possible QPSK modulation scheme corresponds to a different number of zero MTU scores. Controllable QPSK modulator 1406 output modulation symbol S_X1420: Transfer coded bits from the positions of the zero and non-zero modulation symbols in the sub-segment and transfer the value on each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol. In addition, the QPSK modulator 1406 can be controlled to also output a level output indicator (P_X)1422, P_XIt is a non-zero QPSK modulation symbol or the measurement of the power level of each symbol. The second user selection module 414 sets P_XThe value of 1422 is used to determine a suitable second user, using the same air link resource to transmit its downlink traffic channel signal as an overlapping signal, and the power level of the second signal is sufficiently lower than the power of the first user signal The level allows the first user to detect the first user downlink signal.

The coded bits conveyed by position coding have a higher likelihood of successful recovery than the coded bits conveyed by the phase value of the non-zero modulation signal, because in order to recover the transmitted phase value of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol, The position of the non-zero modulation symbol in the sub-section needs to be successfully restored first. The implementation of the encoding and modulation module X 1400 uses this inherent recovery likelihood rate difference to deliberately guide the uncoded information bit streams of different priority levels, so higher priority streams are likely to have a higher successful transmission recovery rate . In an exemplary embodiment, the higher-priority information may be low-resolution image data, and the lower-priority information may be higher-resolution image data, and the higher-resolution image data is used to enhance the use of higher-resolution image data. The resolution of the image conveyed by the low-resolution image data.

In some embodiments, the bit stream divider module 1403 is positioned outside the encoding and modulation module X 1400 and the module 1400 receives two input uncoded bit streams, such as bits with different priority levels Yuan flow. In some specific embodiments, the modulation selector module 1402 also directs the CRI signal 1410 and/or the MSI signal 1412 to the bit stream divider module 1403, so the selected encoding and modulation scheme can be combined to match the input Bit stream division.

Figure 15 is a table 1500 illustrating exemplary data rate options for downlink traffic channel segments in an exemplary system. Several data rate options (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) can be used for a given downlink traffic channel segment. The bit per minimum transmission unit (BPM) increases as the value of the data rate option increases. The data rate options (0, 1, 2) correspond to different zero symbol rate QPSK coding and modulation schemes and will be used by the first user in the exemplary system. The data rate 0 corresponding to the lowest BPM uses a 3/4 ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, for example, where the 1/4 modulation symbol has a non-zero value and the other 3 modulation symbols have a value of 0. The data rate 1 corresponding to the next lowest BPM also uses 3/4 ZSR QPSK modulation scheme (for example, where 1/4 modulation symbol has a non-zero value and the other 3 modulation symbols have a value of 0), but uses a different encoding rate . Data rate 2 corresponding to the next lowest BPM uses 1/2 ZSR The QPSK modulation scheme, for example, where the 1/2 modulation symbol is a non-zero value and the other modulation symbol is 0. Data rate options (3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8), (9, 10) correspond to traditional QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256 modulation schemes, and will be used in the exemplary system The second user. For a given downlink traffic channel segment, there may be a first user modulation symbol and a second user modulation symbol assigned to the same air link resource, such as OFDM tone symbols.

In some specific embodiments, one of the previously described devices and methods is modified to guide the first user including using a zero symbol rate QPSK modulation scheme and use (for example) traditional QPSK modulation or QAM modulation For a given downlink traffic channel segment that is one of the second users of technology-guided signaling, each MTU (such as the tone symbol of the segment) can carry the first user that guides non-zero QPSK modulation symbols or guides non-zero QPSK modulation symbols. A second user of zero modulation symbols (such as QPSK or QAM modulation symbols). The non-zero modulation symbols of the first coding and modulation module that self-supports zero symbol rate QPSK signaling are interleaved with the non-zero modulation symbols of the second coding and modulation module that self-supports traditional QPSK or QAM signaling.

FIG. 16 is a diagram 1600 of an exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 that supports this type of interleaving function. The coding and modulation transmission module 1602 of FIG. 16 is similar to the coding and modulation transmission module 402 of FIG. 4 and can be used in the exemplary base station 200 of FIG. 2 or similar base stations.

The encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 of FIG. 16 includes an interleaver module 1610 that replaces the combiner module 410 of FIG. 4, and an interleaving signal transmitter module 1612 that replaces the combined signal transmitter module 412 of FIG. 4 . In addition, the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 is coupled to the encoding and modulation module X 1606 by the modulation signal indicator 1684 in FIG. 16. The number of modulation symbols allocated to the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 in a section is a function of the number of modulation symbols allocated to the encoding and modulation module X 1606, and the latter number is used for a given section A function of the BPM of the selected first user 1664. In FIG. 16, a first user selection module 1616 and a first user multiplexing module 1614 are included. The BPM signal 1662 can be an indicator of the data rate, such as identifying the number of information bits to be transmitted using the zero symbol rate modulation scheme in the segment.

The encoding and modulation transmission module 1602 includes a first user multiplexing module 1614, a first user selection module 1616, a second user multiplexing module 1618, a second user selection module 1620, and a user profile Information 1622, encoding and modulation module X 1606, encoding and modulation module Y 1608, interleaver module 1610, and interleaving signal transmitter module 1612. The encoding and modulation module X 1606 includes a modulation selector module 1624, an encoder module 1626 (e.g., a controllable encoder module), and a modulator module 1628 (e.g., a controllable QPSK modulation Device) and Astrological Information 1627. The encoding and modulation module Y 1608 (for example, capable of generating a plurality of different types of modulation symbols (such as QPSK, QAM16/QAM64/QAM256 modulation symbols)) includes an encoder module 1630, a modulator module 1632, and Astrological Information 1631. The second user selection module 1620 includes an SNR threshold 1634. User profile information 1622 includes, for example, user channel status information and modulation symbol power level information (P_Y)。

The first user selection module 1616 receives signals for identifying possible first users (possible first user 1 1642, possible first user 2 1644, ..., possible first user N 1646) . The first user selection module 1616 sends a request signal 1668 to the user profile information 1662, thereby requesting user profile information for one or more possible first users, and in response to the request signal 1668, the user profile The signal 1670 is returned from the user profile information 1622 to the first user selection module 1616. The first user selection module 1616 using the information conveyed in the signal 1670 selects the first user, and sends its selection to the first user multiplexing module 1614 via the selected first user signal 1662. The first user selection module 1616 also outputs a bit of information (BPM) signal 1664 for each minimum transmission unit of the selected first user, which transmits the BPM of the selected first user to the encoding and modulation module X 1606 The modulation selector 1624.

The first user multiplexing module 1614 has an uncoded bit stream input corresponding to a possible first user (uncoded bit stream 1X (UB₁_X) 1636, uncoded bit stream 2X (UB₂_X)1638,..., uncoded bitstream NX (UB_N_X) 1640), which correspond to (possible first user 1 1642, possible first user 2 1644, ..., possible first user N 1646). The selected first user signal 1662 selects one of the input uncoded bit streams, and the first user multiplexing module 1614 outputs it as the selected uncoded bit X (UB_S_X), input the bit system to the encoding and modulation module X 1606.

The modulation selector 1624 selects the modulation scheme indicator 1684 as a function of the selected first user BPM indicated in the signal 1664. At least some of the modulation scheme indicator values that can be selected are associated with a zero symbol rate modulation scheme (for example, a QPSK zero symbol rate modulation scheme). Table 1750 of Figure 17 indicates some exemplary MSI/ZSR correspondence information. The selection of the modulation selector 1624 is forwarded to the encoder 1626 and the modulator 1628. The encoder 1626 receives the selected unencoded bits (UB_S_X) 1660 is used as an input to generate coded bits that are a function of the selection of the modulation selector 1624, and the output is forwarded to the modulator 1628 as the inputted coded bits. The modulator 1628 (for example, one of a plurality of different ZSR QPSK modulation schemes can control the QPSK modulator) generates zero and non-zero modulation symbols as a function of the selection of the modulation selector 1624 and receives the code as input Information bits. The modulator 1628 includes a position module and a phase module. The position coding module determines which output modulation symbol will be a zero modulation symbol and which output modulation symbol will be a non-zero modulation symbol, thereby transmitting coded information bits through the position. The phase module determines the phase of the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol output from the module 1606. In some embodiments, the modulator 1628 includes a power control module 1629 for controlling the power bits associated with the non-zero modulation symbols output from the encoding and modulation module X 1606. Modulator 1628 outputs the modulation symbol (S_X) 1686 to the interleaver module 1610.

The encoding and modulation module X 1606 also outputs the MSI signal 1684 to the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 and the interleaver module 1610. In addition, the encoding and modulation module X 1606 outputs signal P_X1676, which indicates the transmit power level associated with the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol of the self-encoding and modulation module X 1606. Put signal P_X1676 is sent to the second user selection module 1620, where the signal is an input signal.

The second user selection module 1620 receives signals for identifying possible second users (possible second user 11654, possible second user 21656, ..., possible second user N 1658). The second user selection module 1620 sends a request signal 1678 to the user profile information 1662, thereby requesting user profile information for one or more possible second users, and responding to the request signal 1678, the user profile The signal 1682 is returned from the user profile information 1622 to the second user selection module 1620. Used in signal 1682 and/or P_XThe second user selection module 1620 of the information transmitted on the signal 1678 selects a second user. The second user selection module 1620 uses the stored SNR threshold information 1634 and the first user power level information P_X, The channel status of the second user and/or the modulation symbol power level that can be associated with the second user modulation symbol to select a second user and change the bit per minimum transmission unit (BPM) and/or Power level P_YSet for the second user. The selected second user identification information is sent to the second user multiplexing module 1618 via the signal 1674. BPM and information P via signal 1692_YIt is sent from the second user selection module 1620 to the encoding and modulation module Y1608.

The second user multiplexing module 1618 has an uncoded bit stream input corresponding to a possible second user (uncoded bit stream 1Y (UB₁_Y) 1648, uncoded bit stream 2Y (UB₂_Y) 1650,..., uncoded bit stream NY (UB_N_Y) 1652), which correspond to (possible second user 11654, possible second user 21656, ..., possible second user N 1658). The selected second user signal 1674 selects one of the input uncoded bit streams and outputs it as the selected uncoded bit Y (UB_S_Y) 1672, input the isoposition system to the coding and modulation module Y 1608.

The encoding and modulation module Y 1608 receives as input the selected uncoded bits Y 1672, MSI 1674 and indicates the BPM and power level P associated with the second user_YThe control signal 1692. The coding and modulation module Y 1608 determines the modulation scheme to be used (for example, one of QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256), the power level associated with the selected constellation to be used, and a coding region to be used Block size and/or a coding rate (e.g. for the segment to be communicated). The encoder 1630 encodes the uncoded input bits 1672 according to the selected coding rate and coding block size to generate coded bits to be forwarded to the modulator 1632. The modulator 1632 uses the selected modulation constellation and power level to map the coded bits into modulation symbols, and outputs the modulation symbols from the modulator 1632 as the modulation symbols Y(S_Y) 1688. In some embodiments, the modulator 1632 includes a power control module 1633 for controlling the power bits associated with the modulation symbols output from the encoding and modulation module Y 1608. The power control module 1633 controls the power level of the modulation symbols from the module 1632 so as to transmit the modulation symbols at a lower power level than the non-zero modulation symbols output from the modulator 1628. Change the modulation symbol Y(S_Y) 1688 is input to the interleaver module 1610.

The interleaver module 1610 converts the non-zero modulation symbol X(S_X) 1686 and form the modulated symbol stream S forwarded to the interleaved signal transmitter module 1612_Z1690's modulation symbol Y (S_Y) 1688 interweaving. If a non-zero modulation symbol of the self-modulation symbol X 1686 is input to the interleaver module 1610, the modulation symbol is forwarded to the modulation symbol stream S_ZHowever, if a zero modulation symbol of the self-modulation symbol X 1686 is input to the interleaver module 1610, a modulation symbol of the self-modulation symbol Y 1688 is forwarded to the modulation symbol stream S_ZReplace the zero modulation symbol with in.

The interleaved signal transmitter module 612 (e.g., includes an OFDM symbol transmitter module 1613) transmits the modulated symbol S through the transmitting antenna 1624 coupled to the transmitter module 1612_Z。

FIG. 17 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module Y 1700, which may be the encoding and modulation module Y 1608 of FIG. 16. The encoding and modulation module Y 1700 includes a controllable block encoder 1702 (for example, an LDPC encoder) and a controllable modulator 1704. The controllable block encoder 1702 receives the uncoded bits for the selected second user 1708, the modulation scheme indicator 1706, and the control signal 1710, which includes the rate, the modulation scheme, and/or corresponds to the second user The modulation symbol power level information. The control signal 1712 indicating the rate and/or the second user modulation scheme is directed to the controllable encoder 1702; the second user modulation scheme and/or the second user power level information (P_Y) The control signal 1714 is directed to the controllable modulator 1704. The MSI 1706 of the self-encoding and modulation module X indicates to the encoder 1702 the number of zero MTU/sections that the first user will have, thereby notifying the encoder 1702 how many modulation symbols have been configured in the section for transmission The second user modulates the symbol. In addition to MSI 1706, the second user control signal 1712 received by the controller encoder 1702 enables the encoding block size determination module 1703 in the controller encoder 1702 to determine the encoding block size, and then the encoder 1702 will input The information bit 1708 of is encoded into the encoded bit 1716 which is forwarded to the controllable modulator 1704. The controllable modulator 1704 receives and receives a second user modulation scheme indicator signal and a power level indicator signal, a signal 1714 (for example, identifying a traditional QPSK or QAM modulation scheme), and an associated power level for modulating the symbol allow.

Figure 17 also includes a table 1750 indicating several exemplary MSI values and corresponding information. The first line 1752 indicates the Modulation Scheme Indicator (MSI); the second line 1754 indicates the zero symbol rate (ZSR); the third line 1756 indicates the number of minimum transmission units per segment (MTU/seg). The fourth row 1758 indicates the number of MTUs used for the first user of the segment (user 1 MTU number); the fifth row 1760 lists the number of non-zero MTUs used for the first user of the segment (first user Non-zero MTU number); the sixth row 1762 lists the number of MTUs for user 2 of the segment. The first column 1764 indicates that for the example of FIG. 17, for the modulation scheme indicator value 0, user 1 is not configured, and the entire N MTU set for the segment can be used by user 2. The second column 1766 indicates that for MSI=1 and ZSR=0.5, the N MTU of the sector is used by user 1 in the ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, half of the MTU carries the first users non-zero QPSK modulation symbol; The N MTU at the end of the zero modulation symbol of the individual first user is used to carry the second user modulation symbol. The third column 1768 indicates that for MSI=2, ZSR=0.75, the N MTU of the segment is used by user 1 for ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, 1/4 MTU carries the first user's non-zero QPSK modulation symbol; 3/4 of the N MTU from the end of the zero modulation symbol of the individual first user is used to carry the second user Modulation symbol. The fourth column 1770 indicates that for MSI=3, ZSR=0.875, user 1 uses the N MTU of the sector for the ZSR QPSK modulation scheme, and 1/8 of the MTU carries the first user's non-zero QPSK modulation symbol; The 7/8 N MTU from the end of the zero modulation symbol of the individual first user is used to carry the second user modulation symbol.

FIG. 18 is an exemplary interleaver module 1800, which may be the interleaver module 1610 of FIG. 16. The interleaver module 1800 includes a control module 1808, an X modulation symbol stream input buffer 1802, a Y modulation symbol stream input buffer 1804, a zero symbol detector 1806, and an interleaver 1810. The MSI signal 1816 from the modulated X (first) user module sends a signal to the control module 1808 to load a set of X modulation symbols and a set of Y modulation symbols to be interleaved and conveyed for the segment. The control module 1808 sends the loading X signal 1820 to the X modulation stream input buffer 1802 to load the modulation symbols from the X modulation symbol stream 1812, that is, S_XModulation symbol. The control module 1808 sends the load Y signal 1824 to the Y modulation stream input buffer 1804 to load the modulation symbols from the Y modulation symbol stream 1814, that is, S_YModulation symbol. The control module 1808 sends an X forwarding activation signal 1822 to the X modulation stream input buffer 1802, which forwards a modulation symbol to the zero symbol selector 1806. If the transferred value is a non-zero value, then the value will be regarded as a non-zero S_XOne of the value 1828 is forwarded to the interleaver 1810 and used as S_ZThe modulation symbol is output to the Z modulation stream 1832. However, if the transfer value is zero, the transfer activation signal 1826 is sent to the Y modulation stream input buffer 1804, and a Y modulation symbol is used as S_YOne of the values 1830 is forwarded to the interleaver 1810 and output to the Z modulation stream 1832. The control module 1808 repeats the X-transmission activation signal 1822 to pass through each position of the X-modulated stream input buffer on the clock, such as the total number of MTUs of the segment (such as the total number of OFDM tone symbol positions).

In some embodiments, the interleaver module 1810 includes a replacement module 1811. Replace module 1811 to receive S as input_XModulation symbol value 1813 and a replacement control signal 1815, S_XThe modulation symbol 1813 includes a zero modulation symbol and a non-zero modulation symbol. In some embodiments, replacing the control signal 1815 is the same as transmitting the actuation signal 1826. As part of the interleaving, the replacement control module 1811 will replace the S_XModulation symbol stream input 1813 zero modulation symbol, one of the modulation symbol S_YDepartment of self-modulation symbol input 1830. Therefore, there appears a non-zero modulation symbol S_XThe position in the modulated symbol stream remains unchanged, and by S_YThe modulation symbol replaces the S where the zero modulation symbol appears_XModulate the position in the symbol stream.

Figure 19 shows a portion of an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1900 that has been interleaved to include first user and second user modulation symbols. The first user modulation scheme is a ZSR QPSK modulation scheme and the second user modulation scheme is a traditional QPSK or QAM modulation scheme. The power level of the first user's non-zero modulation symbol is higher than the power level of the second user's modulation symbol, so that the receiver (such as a WT receiver) can distinguish the first user's non-zero modulation symbol from The second user modulates the symbol. The WT receiver implemented according to various embodiments can detect modulation symbols, distinguish first and second user modulation symbols, de-interleave, demodulate, and decode received signals to recover information bits.

19 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment 1900, which includes sub-segments and exponential modulation symbols (S) from the first and second encoding and modulation modules_Z_k). The exemplary segment contains 672 OFDM tone symbols and S ranging from 1 to 276_Z_kThe index k. The exemplary traffic channel segment 1900 may be the exemplary traffic channel segment 1000 of FIG. 10 and may be subdivided into sub-segments of 8 OFDM tone symbols per sub-segment for first user signaling, as shown in FIG. 11 Example 1100 is shown. One S_Z_kThe modulation symbol can be from one of a set of 84 non-zero modulation symbols corresponding to the first user S_A_iModulation symbol, where i is in the range of 1 to 84; or from one of a group of 588 modulation symbols corresponding to the second user S_B_jSymbol, where j is in the range of 1 to 588. In this example, there is one S per subsection_A_iModulation symbol and 7 S per subsection_B_jModulation symbol. Legend 1950 recognition: use S_A_iThe modulation symbol reading of 1952 (where i=1 to 84) identifies the non-zero QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first user, and each non-zero QPSK modulation symbol transmits two coded bits (for example, by non-zero modulation Change the phase of the sign), and each S in a section_A_iThe position of the modulation symbol transmits 3 coded bits. Legend 1950 also recognizes: use S_B_jThe modulation symbol reading of 1954 (where j=1588) identifies the QPSK or QAM (such as QAM16, QAM64, QAM256) modulation symbol corresponding to the second user, and uses the same modulation symbol for each symbol S of the segment_B_j, And modulate the symbol S_B_jThe set corresponds to the block coding information. In each OFDM tone symbol, a modulation symbol (S_Z_k), the modulation symbol is S_A_iOne of the modulation symbols or S_B_jOne of the modulation symbols, where S_A_iTo generate a modulation symbol for the first user by encoding and modulation module X (such as module 1606), and S_B_jTo generate a modulation symbol for the second user through the encoding and modulation module Y (such as the module 1608).

Fig. 20 shows a variation of Fig. 19 illustrating the arrangement of the first user non-zero modulation symbol in the section, which transmits the first user code bit and determines the second user modulation symbol for the section The arrangement.

The exemplary downlink section 2000 of FIG. 20 corresponds to the exemplary downlink section 1900 of FIG. 19, and may represent, for example, the same downlink traffic channel section at different times in the downlink channel structure. The legend 2050 with the legend information 2052 and 2054 of FIG. 20 corresponds to the legend 1950 with the legend information 1952 and 1954 of FIG. 19.

In section 1900, the first user modulates the symbol (S_A₁, S_A₂, S_A₃, S_A₄, S_A₅, S_A₆, S_A₇, S_A₈, S_A₉,..., S_A₈₂, S_A₈₃, S_A₈₄) Occupies the OFDM tone symbols in the section respectively, which respectively have (logical tone index, OFDM symbol time index) ((22, 1), (15, 1), (1, 1), (20, 2), (13, 2), (2, 2), (16, 3), (11, 3), (7, 3),..., (23, 28), (14, 28), (2, 28 )). S corresponding to the second user_B_jSymbols (j=1588) are not used by S_A_iThe OFDM tone symbol of the segment used. The transmit power level of the non-zero modulation symbol used for the first user is higher than the transmit power level of the non-zero modulation symbol used for the second user, as determined by the S_A_iThe bold font of the modulation symbol and the S used in section 1900_B_jIt is indicated by the regular font of the modulation symbol. In section 2000, the first user modulates the symbol (S_A₁, S_A₂, S_A₃, S_A₄, S_A₅, S_A₆, S_A₇, S_A₈, S_A₉,..., S_A₈₂, S_A₈₃, S_A₈₄) Respectively occupies the OFDM tone symbols in the section, which respectively have (logical tone index, OFDM symbol time index) ((21, 1), (15, 1), (4, 1), (21, 2), (12, 2), (0, 2), (17, 3), (15, 3), (7, 3),..., (23, 28), (14, 28), (2, 28 )). S_B_jSymbols (j=1588) are not used by S_A_iThe OFDM tone symbol of the segment used by the symbol.

In Figures 19 and 20, a non-zero modulation symbol (belonging to the first user or the second user) occupies each predetermined diacritic symbol in the section; a predetermined diacritical symbol is specifically configured for the first or second user One of the modulation symbols to be transmitted depends on the first user code bit of the configuration information in the transmission subsection.

In contrast, in an exemplary embodiment that includes at least some overlap between the first user non-zero modulation symbol and the second user non-zero modulation symbol illustrated by FIG. 12, the second user's modulation The position of the symbol is not affected by the non-zero modulation of the position of the symbol by the first user. In addition, the number of second user modulation symbols used in a given section is not changed by the ZSR modulation scheme used by the first user in the same section.

In some specific embodiments, according to the amount of data to be communicated to choose which user uses the ZSR modulation scheme (first user) and which user uses the traditional modulation scheme (second user), usually lower The data rate is guided into the ZSR modulation scheme. In some specific embodiments, the channel quality condition is also considered, for example, the condition of guiding the better channel quality to the second type of users. In some specific embodiments where the first users message is directed to a group of users and the second users message is also directed to a group of users, for the same section, the second user is usually Send a letter to a small group of users. In some specific embodiments where the first users message is directed to a group of users and the second users message is also directed to a group of users, for the same section, the second user is usually Send a message to guide to the group of users with better channel quality.

Various combinations can be used for unicast, multicast and/or inter-broadcast. In some embodiments, the same of unicast, multicast, or broadcast is used for the first and second user designations of a given section. In some specific embodiments, a mixture of two different ones of unicast, multicast and broadcast is used for the first and second uses corresponding to the different ones of unicast, multicast and broadcast By.

In some specific embodiments, a combination of ZSR QPSK modulation for the first user and traditional modulation techniques (such as traditional QPSK, QAM for the second user) is used in a broadcast environment, and non-zero ZSR QPSK The modulation symbol has a higher power level than the second user modulation symbol. For example, each or most users in a cell that may include users at the edge of the cell should be able to receive and successfully decode ZSR signals, while a limited set of users (such as users with better channel quality conditions ( For example, a user closer to the base station)) may be able to receive the second user signal. In some embodiments, signals of different resolutions or different qualities are communicated via a first user and a second user. For example, the first user's signal may include a coarser resolution video signal, and the second user's signal may be used to achieve a finer resolution video signal.

A receiver that receives a transmitted signal can use soft-input and soft-output demodulation techniques to efficiently decode signals transmitted using a zero symbol rate.

Now, the soft demodulation of the position modulated QPSK block will be explained. The following describes an exemplary demodulation method applied to the case where one of the 2/4/8 signals is non-zero QPSK. The case where one of the 4 or 8 symbols is a zero symbol will be slightly different from the described method, but according to the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art will easily understand this point.

It is necessary to properly understand the principles of soft input and soft output algorithms applied to a set of bits that satisfy certain constraints. In the case of providing individual prior information (soft input information) of these bits, the algorithm calculates the update or post-belief (soft output information) of these bits using the constraints satisfied by the bits. Generally speaking, the best maximum post-position (MAP) update is feasible; in other cases, an approximate sub-optimal update replaces the MAP decision.

In repeated decoding and/or demodulation, it is ideal to use the SISO module. For example, repeated SISO decoding of two convolutional codes will provide amazing performance of high-speed codes; repeated SISO decoding and SISO demodulation are similar to the best joint decoding and demodulation decision.

Consider using k bits b0, b1, ..., b(k-1) to modulate a sub-block of 2^(k-2) MTUs. There is and only one non-zero (QPSK) symbol in this sub-block. Assume that the first (k-2) bits determine the position of the QPSK symbol and the last 2 bits determine the phase of the QPSK symbol. Without loss of generality, it is assumed that the one-to-one mapping between position x and (k-2)-tuple pb=(b0, b1,..., b(k-3)) lies in the relationship between pb and y Binary expansion, in other words, the bit sequence (b0, b1,..., b(k-3)) means that the QPSK symbol position system x=b0+b1*2+b2*4+...+b(k-3)*(2&lt; &lt;(k-3)). For convenience, it is assumed that the 4 phases of the QPSK symbol are PI/4, PI/2+PI/4, 2*(PI/2)+PI/4, 3*(PI/2)+PI/4 and the exponents are 0, 1. , 2, 3. The false positioner (b(k-2), b(k-1)) determines the index y to be (b(k-2)+b(k-1)*2). This configuration simplifies the acquisition of bit soft information, but this is not important. Different bit configurations will provide essentially the same algorithm.

Now, the soft input and soft output solution (SISO) modulation used in this type of bit-modulated QPSK block will be described. For the sake of brevity, hereafter assume k=4. 4 bits uniquely determine the possible modulation (2&lt;&lt;4=16), which is: C[0][0]: QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol , The phase index is 0; C[0][1]: the QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol, and the phase index is 1; C[0][2]: the QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol, and the phase index is 2; C[ 0][3]: QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol, phase index is 3; C[1][0]: QPSK symbol is the first symbol, phase index is 0; C[3][2]: QPSK symbol It is the third symbol, and the phase index is 2; C[3][3]: The QPSK symbol is the third symbol, and the phase index is 3.

The soft input (a priori) information about the bits (b0, b1,..., b3) is soft_in[0], soft_in[1],..., soft_in[3] and I hope to calculate the MAP soft decision soft_out[0 ], soft_out[1],...,soft_out[3], assuming that the constraint is that the received symbols (r0,...,r3) are the noise versions of the modulation symbols. Associate the logarithmic probability metric T[m][n] with the case C[m][n]. The algorithm of the conditional likelihood rate is expressed as C[m][n] as the transmitted symbol, assuming that the received symbol is I[m][n], for example, I[m][n]=log(prob(C [m][n]|r0,...,r3)), which is proportional to log(prob(r0,...,r3|C[m][n])). Without prior information, T[m][n] is the same as I[m][n] until a constant offset. With prior information, T[m][n]=I[m][n]+A[m]+S[n], where A[m] represents the logarithmic probability that the QPSK symbol is the 0th symbol , And S[n] indicates that the QPSK symbol has the logarithmic probability of the phase index n.

Before explaining the calculation of A[m] and S[n], let's first look at how to derive soft_out[j] with T[m][n].

For position bits j=0, 1, soft_out[j]=LogSum_{m, n: m[j]=0}T[m][n]_LogSum_{m, n: m[j]=1} T[m][n], where m has a binary expansion (m[0], m[1]) and the LogSum operator is defined as LogSum(a,b)=log(exp(a)+exp(b)).

For phase bits j=2, 3, soft_out[j]=LogSum_{m,n:n[j]=0}T[m][n]_LogSum_{m,n:n[j]=1} T[m][n], where n has a binary expansion (n[2], n[3]).

From the soft_out and soft_in message sets, additional information ext[j]=soft_out[j]-soft_in[j] can also be derived, which is the appropriate log-likelihood rate required in the iterative decoding/demodulation module.

Now let's see how to obtain A[m] and S[n]. Assume again that m has a binary expansion (m[0], m[1]), and n has a binary expansion (n[2]mn[3]).

Then A[m]=sum_{j:m[j]=0}soft_in[j], and S[n]=sum_{j:n[j]=0}soft_in[j].

21A to 21C are diagrams of a flowchart 2100 illustrating an exemplary method of transmitting each data set. The exemplary method of the flowchart 2100 is quite suitable for operation in a wireless communication system in which a base station transmits data to multiple wireless terminals (for example, an OFDM wireless communication system using a section such as a downlink traffic channel section) . The operation of the exemplary method is initiated from step 2102, in which the transmission device (e.g., base station) is powered on and initialized. The operation proceeds from step 2102 to step 2104. In step 2104, the device selects the first user (such as the first wireless terminal), which is, for example, a function of channel status information, amount of information to be communicated, required data rate, and/or priority information. The operation proceeds from step 2104 to step 2106. In step 2106, the device receives a first set of information bits corresponding to the first user, which will be communicated to the first user in a communication section (for example, a downlink traffic channel section). For example, an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment may include a fixed number of minimum transmission units (e.g., OFDM tone symbols). The operation proceeds from step 2106 to step 2108.

In step 2108, the device selects a zero symbol rate coding and modulation scheme to convey the first information set that is a function of the data rate of the required information bits per minimum transmission unit. For example, the selected zero symbol rate coding and modulation scheme may be one of a plurality of possible predetermined zero symbol rate coding and modulation schemes (for example, different QPSK-based ZSR coding and modulation schemes). An exemplary ZSR coding and modulation scheme may include a coding rate, a sub-section size, a ZSR to be applied to the sub-section, and a modulation type (such as QPSK) for non-zero modulation symbols. In some embodiments, different information bit data rates are associated with different zero symbol rate coding and modulation schemes. In some specific embodiments, the operation proceeds from step 2108 to step 2110, while in other specific embodiments, the operation proceeds from step 2108 to step 2112.

In step 2110, the device divides the communication section into a plurality of subsections according to the selected ZSR coding and modulation scheme. In each specific embodiment, the same ZSR coding and modulation scheme is used for each sub-section of the section. In some embodiments, the same ZSR coding and modulation scheme is used for multiple sub-sections of the section. In some embodiments, a certain part of the segment may not be used to convey the first set of information bits. The operation proceeds from step 2110 to step 2112.

In step 2112, the device generates a first coded bit set from the first information bit set. The operation proceeds from step 2112 to step 2114. In step 2114, the device generates zero and non-zero modulation symbols to deliver the first set of coded bits. Step 2114 includes sub-steps 2116, 2118, and 2120. In sub-step 2116, the device determines the positions of zero and non-zero modulation symbols that are a function of some of the first set of coded bits. In sub-step 2118, the device determines the phase and/or amplitude of the non-zero modulation symbol that is a function of some of the first set of coded bits, and in sub-step 2120, the device determines the phase and/or amplitude of the non-zero modulation symbol The transmit power level associated with the symbol. For example, consider an example in which ZSR has been selected as<img file="TW200704068A_D0011.tif" />, Where the non-zero modulation symbol is a QPSK modulation symbol and the subsection is 4 minimum transmission units, for example, 4 OFDM tone symbols. In such a specific embodiment, corresponding to a sub-section, there is one non-zero modulation symbol in the sub-section and there are multiple zero modulation symbols. The position of a non-zero modulation symbol is used to transfer two coded bits and the phase of the non-zero modulation symbol is used to transfer two additional coded bits. A transmission power level is determined and associated with non-zero QPSK modulation symbols.

In some embodiments, the first data set is the first information bit set, including data with a first priority and data with a second priority, and the second priority is lower than the first priority. priority. In some embodiments, high-priority data is conveyed by position coding of non-zero modulation symbols, and low-priority data is conveyed by phase coding.

The operation proceeds from step 2114 to step 2124 via connecting node A 2122. In step 2124, the device selects a second user (for example, a second wireless terminal) to receive the second set of information bits in the same communication segment, and the selection is performed as corresponding to the first code bit. The second user profile information and/or the transmission power level associated with the set of non-zero modulation symbols is a function. The second user profile information includes, for example, channel status information, amount of information to be communicated, required data rate and/or priority information. The operation proceeds from step 2124 to step 2126. In various embodiments, for example, at least some times, the first and second users are different. In some such specific embodiments, the step of selecting the first and second wireless terminals from the plurality of wireless terminals is based on the relationship between the device transmitter and the first and second wireless terminals instructing to perform the transmission step. For the channel quality information between the time, wireless terminals with different channel quality conditions are selected as the first and second wireless terminals. In some specific embodiments, sometimes the first and second wireless terminals may be the same wireless terminal, for example, a first data set corresponds to a low data rate application and the second data set corresponds to a high data rate application.

In step 2126, the device selects an encoding and modulation scheme and modulates the symbol power level to convey the second set of information bits. For example, in some embodiments, the coding and modulation scheme used to convey the second bit set includes block coding and modulation methods in one of a plurality of different coding rates, such as QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256 one. In some embodiments, the data rate of the information bits per minimum transmission unit (MTU) that can be selected corresponding to the second information bit set is higher than the data rate of each information bit that can be selected corresponding to the first information bit set. The data rate of the MTU information bit.

The operation proceeds from step 2126 to step 2128. In step 2128, the device generates an assignment message or messages to identify the first and second users corresponding to the communication section. The operation proceeds from step 2128 to step 2130. In step 2130, the device transmits the generated assignment message or messages. The operation proceeds from step 2130 to step 2132.

In step 2132, the device generates a second set of encoded bits from the second set of information bits, for example, as part of a block encoding operation for the communication segment. The operation proceeds from step 2132 to step 2134. In step 2134, according to the selection of step 2126, the device generates a second set of modulation symbols from the second set of coded bits, for example, a set of modulation symbols using one of QPSK constellations, QAM16 constellations, QAM64 constellations, and QAM256 constellations . According to the type of modulation astrology used, different numbers of coded bits are mapped into a modulation symbol. Operation proceeds from step 2134 to step 2136.

In step 2136, the device combines the modulation symbols from the first and second groups. Step 2136 illustrates two alternative specific embodiments. In the first alternative embodiment, step 2138 is performed, in which the first set of modulation symbols and the second set of modulation symbols are overlapped. In a second alternative embodiment, step 2140 is performed, in which the device performs a selective perforation operation. Step 2140 includes sub-steps 2142, 2144, 2146, and 2148. In sub-step 2142, the device overlaps the first and second sets of modulation symbols. Then, step 2144 is executed for each MTU of a segment that overlaps. In step 2144, the device checks and determines whether the first set of modulation symbols corresponding to the MTU position are non-zero modulation symbols. If it is a non-zero tone symbol, the operation proceeds from step 2144 to step 2148; otherwise, the operation proceeds to step 2146. In step 2148, the device configures the first set of modulation symbols to the MTU, and punctures the second set of modulation symbols. In step 2146, the second group of modulation symbols is configured to the MTU, for example, the first group of MTUs with zero modulation symbols overlapping is used. For each MTU in which there is no overlap between the first and second sets of modulation symbols but in which a modulation symbol from one of the first and second sets is mapped to a section of the MTU, the modulation The symbol is configured to use MTU. The operation proceeds from step 2136 to step 2152 via the connection node B 2150.

In step 2152, the device transmits the combined modulation symbol in the communication section. Step 2152 includes steps 2154, 2156, and 2158.

In step 2154, the device controls the transmission of the non-zero modulation symbols used to convey the first data set and the first information bit set, and the modulation symbols used to convey the second data set and the second information bit set Power level to maintain minimum power difference. The minimum power difference is that the non-zero modulation symbols used to convey the first data set are transmitted at a higher power level than the non-zero modulation symbols used to convey the second data set.

In step 2156, the device uses at least some zero and non-zero modulation symbols to transmit the first data set and the first information bit set in a communication section including a plurality of smallest transmission units (for example, OFDM tone symbols), The first data set is communicated by a combination of the position of the non-zero modulation symbol in the segment and the phase and amplitude of the transmitted non-zero modulation symbol. For example, in some specific embodiments, step 2156 includes, for example, using sub-segments to follow the zero symbol rate QPSK modulation scheme to transmit data to the communication segment modulation symbols.

In step 2158, the device uses modulation symbols transmitted on at least some of the smallest transmission units used to transmit the first data set in the same communication section to transmit the second data set and the second information bit set. For example, in some embodiments, step 2156 includes using one of QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256 modulation symbols to transmit data to the communication section. In some embodiments, some modulation symbols output from the second group have been punctured by non-zero modulation symbols from the first group.

The operation proceeds from step 2152 to step 2104 via connection node C 2160, where the device performs an operation on another transmission section.

In some embodiments, transmitting the first data set includes transmitting information at a first data rate of information bits per minimum transmission unit and transmitting information at a second data rate of information bits per minimum transmission unit, The data rate of the information bit per the second minimum transmission unit is different from (for example, higher than) the data rate of the information bit per the first minimum transmission unit.

In an exemplary embodiment, the device selects a zero symbol rate coding and modulation scheme from a plurality of different zero symbol rate schemes supported by the device, at least some of the different zero symbol rate schemes use different zero symbol rates, E.g<img file="TW200704068A_D0012.tif" />ZSR and 7/8ZSR. In some embodiments, the device will have a fixed zero symbol rate (e.g.<img file="TW200704068A_D0013.tif" />ZSR) is used to convey the first set of information bits. In some specific embodiments, different coding rates corresponding to one or more different ZSR symbol rates are supported.

In each specific embodiment, ZSR is used by the device and the data rate per MTU information bit can meet one or more of the following: (i) ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.125 and is used to transmit the first data set The data rate per MTU information bit is less than 1.5; (ii) ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.25 and the data rate per MTU information bit used to transmit the first data set is less than 1; (iii) ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.5 and the data rate per MTU information bit used to transmit the first data set is less than 0.5; (iv) ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.75 and is used to transmit the first data set The data rate per MTU information bit of the data set is less than 1/3; and (v) ZSR indicates a predetermined ZSR greater than or equal to 0.875 and the data rate per MTU information bit used to transmit the first data set is less than 1/6.

In various embodiments, a communication section may include different subsections using ZSR coding and modulation schemes and/or different subsections may correspond to multiple wireless terminals, for example, the first ZSR will be used Some subsections of the coding and modulation scheme are used to convey the first set of information bits to the first wireless terminal, and certain subsections of the second ZSR coding and modulation scheme corresponding to the third wireless terminal will be used. The section is used to convey the third information bit set. In various embodiments, some sub-sections of the same section may have different sizes, for example, corresponding to<img file="TW200704068A_D0014.tif" />The 4 MTU size sub-section of the ZSR coding and modulation scheme, and the 8 MTU size sub-section corresponding to the 7/8 ZSR coding and modulation scheme. In some specific embodiments, the sub-sections in the section are constructed so that certain MTUs of the section do not correspond to a sub-section.

FIG. 22 is a diagram of a flowchart 2200 of an exemplary communication method. The exemplary method of the flowchart 2200 is quite suitable for the operation of a wireless communication system, for example, when a base station transmits data to multiple wireless terminals. The exemplary wireless communication system is, for example, an OFDM wireless communication system that uses one of the segments (e.g., downlink traffic channel segment). The method of flowchart 2200 will be described in the context of an exemplary base station that implements the steps of the method; however, the method is also suitable for other communication applications.

The operation of the exemplary communication method is initiated from step 2202, in which the base station is powered on and initialized. The operation proceeds from step 2202 to step 2204. In step 2204, the base station selects the first and second users to receive an interleaved modulation symbol stream, selects the first user to restore the information conveyed by the first modulation symbol stream, and selects the second receiver To restore the information conveyed by the second modulation symbol stream. In some embodiments, the first modulated symbol stream has a lower information data rate than the second modulated symbol stream. In various embodiments, the first and second users correspond to different users and are selected based on different transmission power levels required to successfully restore the information delivered to the selected wireless terminal. The operation proceeds from step 2204 to step 2206.

In step 2206, the base station determines the positions of at least some zero modulation symbols in the first modulation symbol stream. The operation proceeds from step 2206 to step 2208. In step 2208, the base station interleaves the non-zero modulation symbols from the first modulation symbol stream with the modulation symbols from the second modulation symbol stream. The first modulation symbol stream includes non-zero modulation symbols and zero modulation symbols. Variable symbols, at least some of the modulation symbols from the second modulation symbol stream replace the zero modulation symbols of the first modulation symbol stream to generate an interleaved modulation symbol stream. The replacement performed as part of the interleaving may use a modulation symbol from the second modulation symbol stream to replace a zero modulation symbol from the first modulation symbol stream corresponding to a position determined from step 2206. Operation proceeds from step 2208 to step 2210.

In step 2210, the base station transmits the interleaved modulated symbol stream. Step 2210 includes sub-step 2212. In step 2212, the base station controls the transmit power level of the modulation symbol to transmit the interleaved modulation obtained from the first modulation symbol stream at a higher power level than the non-zero modulation symbol obtained from the second modulation symbol stream The non-zero modulation symbol in the variable symbol stream.

In various embodiments, the sending in step 2210 includes sending modulation symbols from the interleaved modulation symbol stream using OFDM tone symbols, for example, from individual tone symbols in a communication section (such as a downlink traffic channel section). It interleaves the individual modulation symbols of the modulation symbol stream.

In some embodiments, the first modulated symbol stream has a zero symbol rate, such as a selected zero symbol rate. In some specific embodiments, the selected zero symbol rate is a plurality of predetermined zero symbol rates (e.g.<img file="TW200704068A_D0015.tif" />ZSR,<img file="TW200704068A_D0016.tif" />ZSR, 7/8 ZSR). In some embodiments, the selected zero symbol rate is selected to be used for modulation symbols to be transmitted in the communication section (for example, the traffic channel section). In some embodiments, the communication segment is subdivided into a plurality of sub-segments, and the size of the sub-segments (e.g., according to the smallest transmission unit (e.g., OFDM tone symbol)) should correspond to the selected zero symbol rate used. For example, if you use<img file="TW200704068A_D0017.tif" />For ZSR, some exemplary sub-segment sizes are 4 OFDM tone symbols and 8 OFDM tone symbols. For example, if 7/8 ZSR is used, some exemplary sub-segment sizes are 8 OFDM tone symbols and 16 OFDM tone symbols.

In some embodiments, the non-zero modulation symbol of the first modulation symbol stream corresponds to a first horoscope and the non-zero modulation symbol of the second modulation symbol stream corresponds to a second horoscope, the first Different from the second galaxy. For example, in some specific embodiments, the first constellation is a QPSK constellation, and the second constellation is one of QAM16, QAM64, and QAM256.

The operation proceeds from step 2210 to step 2204, where the base station repeats the operation, for example for another communication segment.

In specific embodiments such as the specific embodiments described above with respect to FIGS. 4 and 16, the first modulated symbol stream may include zeros used to convey information corresponding to the first data set using one or more selected zero symbol rates. AND non-zero modulation symbols In some specific embodiments, the zero symbol rate is selected on a per-segment basis. In other specific embodiments, the zero symbol rate is selected on the basis of, for example, sub-segments, where one of the sub-segments may correspond to a part of the communication segment (e.g., the downlink traffic segment). In some specific embodiments, a traffic channel section is divided into groups of MTUs, and each group is a subsection of the divided traffic channel section. If the size of the sub-segment is the same as the size of the traffic channel segment, the segmentation step can be skipped. In some specific embodiments, the partitioning is performed in a uniform manner, and the number of MTUs in a section is an integer multiple of the number of MTUs in a subsection. For example, in many specific embodiments, an integer multiple is equal to or greater than 2. In at least some embodiments, the method involves at least one sub-section of zero modulation symbols and non-zero modulation symbols according to a ratio. The zero modulation symbol and the non-zero modulation symbol included in the ratio correspond to the first data set, and the ratio is an integer ratio N_Z/N_S_S, The ratio indicates a fractional ratio of the number of zero modulation symbols in the subsection corresponding to the first data set to the number of the smallest transmission unit in the subsection. In some embodiments, the ratio N_Z/N_S_SIt is one of 7/8, 3/4, 5/8, 1/2, 3/8, 1/4, and 1/8. Such ratios are particularly suitable for QPSK coding. In each specific embodiment, the sub-segment size for a sub-segment is one of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, where the sub-segment size refers to the number of MTUs in the sub-segment . In each specific embodiment, the sub-segment size is an integer multiple of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, where the sub-segment size refers to the number of MTUs in the sub-segment. The sub-segment size can conveniently support zero symbol ratio. In some embodiments, the segment size is an integer multiple of the sub-segment, and the integer multiple is at least 2. This type of relationship facilitates efficient use of the available MTU in the segment and relatively easy partitioning, because the sub-segment The size of the segments can be uniform. As explained above, a combination of position and phase encoding can be used to convey the information conveyed by a symbol stream controlled to have one of the aforementioned zero symbol rates. Different zero symbol rates are possible, and in some embodiments are selected for different subsections of the same section. Various changes beyond the stated range can be used.

In each specific embodiment, one or more modules are used to implement the nodes described herein to perform steps corresponding to one or more methods, such as selecting a first user, selecting a first user coding and modulation scheme, Select a second user, perform the first user coding and modulation, perform the second user coding, superimpose the generated modulation signal, and so on. In some embodiments, modules are used to implement features. Such modules can be implemented using software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. Many of the above methods or method steps can be implemented using machine executable instructions (such as software) contained in machine-readable media (such as memory devices (such as RAM, floppy disks, etc.)) to control a machine (such as having or A general-purpose computer without additional hardware), so that, for example, all or part of the above method can be implemented in one or more nodes. Therefore, in other respects, various embodiments relate to machine-readable media, which include machine-executable instructions to cause a machine (such as a processor and associated hardware) to perform one or more steps of the above-mentioned methods.

Based on the above description, those skilled in the art will understand many additional changes in the methods and devices described above. Such changes are deemed to be within the scope of the patent application. The method and device of each specific embodiment can (and in each specific embodiment are) used in CDMA, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and/or various other types of communication technologies, which can be used to provide access nodes and The wireless communication link between mobile nodes. In some specific embodiments, the access node is implemented as a base station, which uses OFDM and/or CDMA to establish a communication link with the mobile node. In each specific embodiment, the mobile node is implemented as a notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) or other portable device, including receiver/transmitter circuits and logic and/or routing to implement the described methods.

The technology of each specific embodiment can be implemented using software, hardware, and/or a combination of software and hardware. Each specific embodiment relates to devices, such as mobile nodes (such as mobile terminals), base stations, and communication systems. The present invention also relates to various methods, such as methods for controlling and/or operating mobile nodes, base stations, and/or communication systems (such as host computers). Each specific embodiment also relates to a machine-readable medium (such as ROM, RAM, CD, hard disk, etc.), which includes machine-readable instructions for controlling a machine to implement one or more steps.

In each specific embodiment, one or more modules are used to implement the nodes described herein to perform steps corresponding to one or more methods, such as signal processing, message generation, and/or transmission steps. Therefore, in some specific embodiments, modules are used to implement various features. Such modules can be implemented using software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. Many of the above methods or method steps can be implemented using machine executable instructions (such as software) contained in machine-readable media (such as memory devices (such as RAM, floppy disks, etc.)) to control a machine (such as with or without A general-purpose computer with additional hardware), for example, to implement all or part of the above methods in one or more nodes. Therefore, in other respects, various embodiments relate to machine-readable media, which include machine-executable instructions to cause a machine (such as a processor and associated hardware) to perform one or more steps of the above-mentioned methods.

Although the methods and devices are described in the context of OFDM systems, at least some of the methods and devices can be applied to a wide range of communication systems, including many non-OFDM and/or non-cellular systems.

Based on the above description, those skilled in the art will understand many additional changes in the methods and devices described above. Such changes are deemed to be within the scope of the patent application. These methods and devices can be used (and in each specific embodiment) for CDMA, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), and/or various other types of communication technologies, which can be used to provide a connection between access nodes and mobile nodes. Wireless communication link between. In some specific embodiments, the access node is implemented as a base station, which uses OFDM and/or CDMA to establish a communication link with the mobile node. In various embodiments, the mobile node is implemented as a notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) or other portable device, including receiver/transmitter circuits and logic and/or routing to implement the described methods.

<p>100. . . system</p><p>102. . . Community 1</p><p>104. . . Cell M</p><p>106. . . BS 1</p><p>108. . . BS M</p><p>110. . . WT 1</p><p>112. . . WT N</p><p>114. . . WT 1'</p><p>116. . . WT N'</p><p>118. . . Wireless link</p><p>120. . . Wireless link</p><p>122. . . Wireless link</p><p>124. . . Wireless link</p><p>126. . . Network node</p><p>128. . . Network link</p><p>130. . . Network link</p><p>132. . . Network link</p><p>200. . . Base station</p><p>202. . . receiver</p><p>203. . . Receive antenna</p><p>204. . . launcher</p><p>205. . . Transmit antenna</p><p>206. . . processor</p><p>207. . . Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information</p><p>208. . . I/O interface</p><p>209. . . Coding/Modulation Module X Information</p><p>210. . . Memory</p><p>211. . . Encoding/modulation module Y information</p><p>212. . . Busbar</p><p>213. . . MTU Information</p><p>214. . . decoder</p><p>215. . . Downlink traffic channel segment information</p><p>216. . . Coding and Modulation Transmission Module</p><p>219. . . Encoding rate indicator information</p><p>220. . . Information/Information</p><p>221. . . News</p><p>223. . . Subsection information</p><p>224. . . Base station control routine</p><p>225. . . Second user selection criteria</p><p>226. . . Scheduling module</p><p>227. . . Encoding/modulation information</p><p>228. . . First user selection criteria</p><p>229. . . Power Information</p><p>230. . . Uplink signaling module</p><p>232. . . Channel quality determination module</p><p>234. . . Coding and modulation transmission control module</p><p>236. . . First user selection module</p><p>238. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>240. . . Second user selection module</p><p>242. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>244. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>246. . . Controllable encoder module</p><p>248. . . Can control QPSK modulator module</p><p>250. . . Encoder module</p><p>252. . . Modulator module</p><p>254. . . WT Information/Information</p><p>256. . . System data/information</p><p>258. . . Received channel quality feedback report</p><p>260. . . Received uplink traffic channel message</p><p>261. . . Data messages received via the I/O interface</p><p>262. . . Downlink traffic channel segment assignment message</p><p>264. . . Possible second user information</p><p>266. . . Power ratio information</p><p>268. . . WT 1 Information/Information</p><p>270. . . WT N Information/Information</p><p>272. . . User data</p><p>274. . . WT identification information</p><p>276. . . Device/session/resource information</p><p>278. . . Channel quality information</p><p>280. . . Downlink resource request information</p><p>282. . . Downlink traffic channel segment assignment segment information</p><p>284. . . Information bit</p><p>286. . . Section identification information</p><p>288. . . Encoding/modulation information</p><p>290. . . Modulation type information</p><p>294. . . Power Information</p><p>296. . . Code bit</p><p>298. . . Modulation symbol information</p><p>299. . . Per MTU bit</p><p>300. . . Wireless terminal</p><p>302. . . receiver</p><p>303. . . Receive antenna</p><p>304. . . launcher</p><p>305. . . Transmit antenna</p><p>306. . . processor</p><p>308. . . User I/O device</p><p>310. . . Memory</p><p>312. . . Busbar</p><p>314. . . Demodulator/decoder</p><p>316. . . Encoder</p><p>320. . . Information/Information</p><p>324. . . Wireless terminal control routine</p><p>326. . . Downlink signaling module</p><p>328. . . Uplink signaling module</p><p>330. . . Channel quality determination module</p><p>332. . . Decoding and demodulation control module</p><p>334. . . First user module</p><p>336. . . Second user module</p><p>338. . . Energy detection module</p><p>340. . . Modulation symbol processing module</p><p>342. . . Subsection decoding module</p><p>343. . . Segment block decoding module</p><p>344. . . First user signal removal module</p><p>346. . . Modulation Module Symbol Processing Module</p><p>348. . . Segment block decoding module</p><p>350. . . WT Information/Information</p><p>352. . . System data/information</p><p>354. . . User data</p><p>356. . . WT identification (ID) information</p><p>358. . . Base station ID information</p><p>360. . . Device/session/resource information</p><p>362. . . Channel quality information</p><p>364. . . Downlink traffic channel segment designated segment information</p><p>366. . . Section identification information</p><p>368. . . First/second user identification information</p><p>370. . . Encoding/modulation information</p><p>372. . . Information Bits Recovered</p><p>374. . . Modulation type information</p><p>376. . . BPM Information</p><p>378. . . Power Information</p><p>380. . . Code bit</p><p>382. . . Modulation symbol</p><p>383. . . Base station identification information</p><p>384. . . Uplink/downlink timing and frequency structure information</p><p>386. . . First user demodulation/decoding information</p><p>388. . . Second user demodulation/decoding information</p><p>390. . . MTU Information</p><p>392. . . Downlink traffic channel segment information</p><p>394. . . Channel Quality Report</p><p>396. . . Uplink traffic channel segment user data message</p><p>398. . . Downlink segment assignment message received</p><p>399. . . Received downlink traffic channel signal information</p><p>402. . . Coding and Modulation Transmission Module</p><p>404. . . Transmit antenna</p><p>406. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>408. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>410. . . Combination module</p><p>411. . . Aggregator module</p><p>412. . . Combined signal transmitter module</p><p>413. . . Perforation module</p><p>414. . . Second user selection module</p><p>415. . . Transmission power control module</p><p>416. . . Second user multiplex module</p><p>417. . . Segmentation Information Module</p><p>418. . . User profile information</p><p>419. . . Zoom module</p><p>420. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>422. . . Controllable encoder</p><p>424. . . Can control QPSK modulator</p><p>426. . . Uncoded bits (UB_X)</p><p>428. . . Signal</p><p>430. . . Modulation symbol X(S_X)</p><p>431. . . Modulation symbol Y(S_Y)</p><p>432. . . Power level signal P_X</p><p>434. . . Possible second user 1</p><p>436. . . Possible second user 2</p><p>438. . . Possible second user N</p><p>440. . . Uncoded bit stream UB₁_Y</p><p>442. . . Uncoded bit stream UB₂_Y</p><p>444. . . Uncoded bit stream UB_N_Y</p><p>448. . . Signal</p><p>450. . . Request signal</p><p>452. . . Signal</p><p>456. . . control signal</p><p>458. . . The selected uncoded bit Y (UB_S_Y)</p><p>460. . . Encoder</p><p>462. . . Modulator</p><p>464. . . Combined signal</p><p>500. . . Coding and Modulation Module</p><p>502. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>504. . . Controllable encoder module</p><p>506. . . Can control QPSK modulator module</p><p>507. . . Location determination module</p><p>508. . . input signal</p><p>509. . . Phase determination module</p><p>510. . . CRI</p><p>512. . . MSI</p><p>514. . . CRI related information</p><p>516. . . Uncoded Information Bit Stream (UB_X)</p><p>518. . . Code bit (CB_X)</p><p>520. . . Modulation symbol S_X</p><p>522. . . Energy level output indicator (P_X)</p><p>902. . . Vertical axis</p><p>904. . . The horizontal axis</p><p>906. . . Symbol X(S_X)</p><p>910. . . Symbol Y(S_Y)</p><p>1000. . . Exemplary downlink traffic channel segment</p><p>1002. . . Vertical axis</p><p>1004. . . The horizontal axis</p><p>1200. . . Exemplary downlink traffic channel segment</p><p>1400. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>1402. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>1403. . . Bit stream divider module</p><p>1404. . . Controllable encoder 1 position encoding module</p><p>1405. . . Controllable encoder 2 phase encoding module</p><p>1406. . . Can control QPSK modulator module</p><p>1408. . . input signal</p><p>1410. . . Encoding rate indicator</p><p>1412. . . Coding scheme indicator</p><p>1418. . . Code bit</p><p>1420. . . Modulation symbol S_X</p><p>1421. . . Code bit</p><p>1422. . . Energy level output indicator</p><p>1602. . . Coding and Modulation Transmission Module</p><p>1606. . . Coding and Modulation Module X</p><p>1608. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>1610. . . Interleaver module</p><p>1612. . . Interleaved signal transmitter module</p><p>1613. . . OFDM symbol transmitter module</p><p>1614. . . First user multiplex module</p><p>1616. . . First user selection module</p><p>1618. . . Second user multiplex module</p><p>1620. . . Second user selection module</p><p>1622. . . User profile information</p><p>1624. . . Modulation selector module</p><p>1626. . . Encoder module</p><p>1627. . . Astrology Information</p><p>1628. . . Modulator module</p><p>1629. . . Power control module</p><p>1630. . . Encoder module</p><p>1631. . . Astrology Information</p><p>1632. . . Modulator module</p><p>1633. . . Power control module</p><p>1634. . . SNR threshold</p><p>1636. . . Uncoded bit stream 1X (UB₁_X)</p><p>1638. . . Uncoded bit stream 2X (UB₂_X)</p><p>1640. . . Uncoded bit stream NX (UB_N_X)</p><p>1642. . . Possible first user 1</p><p>1644. . . Possible first user 2</p><p>1646. . . Possible first user N</p><p>1648. . . Uncoded bit stream 1Y (UB₁_Y)</p><p>1650. . . Uncoded bit stream 2Y (UB₂_Y)</p><p>1652. . . Uncoded bit stream NY (UB_N_Y)</p><p>1654. . . Possible second user 1</p><p>1656. . . Possible second user 2</p><p>1658. . . Possible second user N</p><p>1660. . . Uncoded bits (UB_S_X)</p><p>1662. . . BPM signal</p><p>1664. . . Signal</p><p>1668. . . Request signal</p><p>1670. . . User profile signal</p><p>1672. . . The selected uncoded bit Y (UB_S_Y)</p><p>1674. . . Signal</p><p>1676. . . Signal P_X</p><p>1678. . . Request signal</p><p>1682. . . User profile signal</p><p>1684. . . Modulation signal indicator</p><p>1686. . . Modulation symbol (S_X)</p><p>1688. . . Modulation symbol Y(S_Y)</p><p>1690. . . Modulation symbol stream S_Z</p><p>1692. . . control signal</p><p>1700. . . Coding and modulation module Y</p><p>1702. . . Controllable block encoder</p><p>1703. . . Code block size determination module</p><p>1704. . . Controllable modulator</p><p>1706. . . Modulation scheme indicator</p><p>1708. . . Selected second user</p><p>1710. . . control signal</p><p>1712. . . Control sending</p><p>1714. . . Control sending</p><p>1716. . . Code bit</p><p>1800. . . Interleaver module</p><p>1802. . . X modulation symbol stream input buffer</p><p>1804. . . Y modulation symbol stream input buffer</p><p>1806. . . Zero sign detector</p><p>1808. . . Control module</p><p>1810. . . Interleaver</p><p>1811. . . Replace module</p><p>1812. . . X modulation symbol flow</p><p>1813. . . S_XModulation symbol</p><p>1814. . . Y modulation symbol flow</p><p>1815. . . Replace control signal</p><p>1816. . . MSI signal</p><p>1820. . . Load X signal</p><p>1822. . . X transmits actuation signal</p><p>1824. . . Y signal</p><p>1826. . . Transmit actuation signal</p><p>1828. . . Non-zero S_XNumerical value</p><p>1830. . . S_YNumerical value</p><p>1832. . . Z modulation flow</p><p>1900. . . Downlink traffic channel segment</p><p>1952. . . Legend Information</p><p>1954. . . Legend Information</p><p>2000. . . Downlink segment</p><p>2052. . . Legend Information</p><p>2054. . . Legend Information</p><p>2122. . . Connect node A</p><p>2150. . . Connect node B</p><p>2160. . . Connect node C</p>

Figure 1 is a diagram of an exemplary communication system.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary base station.

Figure 3 is a diagram of an exemplary wireless terminal.

Figure 4 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module.

Figure 5 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module.

FIG. 6 includes diagrams and tables illustrating exemplary embodiments of sub-segment structure, modulation symbols, and data rate information.

FIG. 7 is a table summarizing the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6. FIG.

FIG. 8 includes a table listing exemplary first user modulation selector criteria, a table illustrating exemplary wireless terminal data rate requirements and options that can be selected.

Figure 9 illustrates an exemplary energy relationship between a non-zero modulation symbol from the first encoding and modulation module and a non-zero modulation symbol from the second encoding and modulation module. The variable symbol is transmitted as an overlapping signal.

Figure 10 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment.

Figure 11 illustrates several examples of subdividing an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment into sub-segments.

Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment that includes sub-segments and overlapping modulation symbols from the first and second encoding and modulation modules.

Figure 13 illustrates an exemplary downlink traffic channel sub-segment and exemplary coding bit mapping.

Figure 14 illustrates an exemplary encoding and modulation module, which is implemented and constructed to take advantage of the characteristics of the input data stream, which contains two different types of information, which can be successfully recovered depending on what information set must be And get priority.

Figure 15 is a table illustrating exemplary data rate options for downlink traffic channel segments in an exemplary system.

Figure 16 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation transmission module that supports this type of interleaving function.

FIG. 17 is a diagram of an exemplary encoding and modulation module, which can be used in the encoding and modulation transmission module of FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 is a diagram of an exemplary interleaver module that can be used in the interleaver module of the encoding and modulation transmission module of FIG. 16.

Figure 19 shows a portion of an exemplary downlink traffic channel segment that has been interleaved to include first user and second user modulation symbols.

Fig. 20 shows a variation of Fig. 19 illustrating the arrangement of the first user non-zero modulation symbol in the section, which transmits the first user code bit and determines the second user modulation symbol for the section The arrangement.

21A to 21C are diagrams illustrating a flowchart of an exemplary method of transmitting each data set.

FIG. 22 is a diagram of a flowchart of an exemplary communication method.