Device for producing and using biogas

DESCRIPTION

Device for the production and use of biogas

The invention relates to a device for producing and using biogas according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a device is known, for example, from the prospectus of Claus Ruckert Engineering Office, Biogas Plant, 92259 Neukirchen. The known device has a relatively high production cost. Two separate buildings have to be built. One of the buildings forms the housing of a biogas reactor and also includes, if necessary, a biogas reservoir. A second constructed building, normally spaced from the first, serves to house a block thermal plant, which biogas produced in the first building. Building a second building necessarily requires relatively large space. This makes traditional biogas production devices more expensive.

works with the need for

DE 199 58 142 Al discloses a mobile biogas plant. Instead of the two separate buildings, in this case two separate containers are provided. In one container is placed a fermenter. In the other container is a biogas reservoir as well as an energy generating device. In order to operate such a mobile biogas installation, it is necessary to install electrical and gas connection pipes between both containers. Containers of this type can be installed side by side and also partly overlapping. In DE 199 58 142 Al there is no further information on the arrangement of containers.

Another mobile biogas plant is known from DE 197 44 653 A1. In this case, a modular biogas reactor, a biogas collector system and a block thermal power station are integrated in a modular prefabricated building system. only structure. The structure can be transported together with the modules received in it. The proposed modular construction type

However, it allows dismantling of the proposed biogas plant as well as its mounting in a new location. Modular production of a biogas plant is, however, relatively expensive.

EP 1 069 174 A1 describes a gas generator for producing methane gas. Heat recovery from the exhaust exhaust from a biogas engine enables biomass dehydrogenation. The engine is installed outside a building surrounding the gas reactor.

EP 1 088 885 A2 describes another biogas reactor. Through a distribution network, the gas thus produced is transported to a gas recovery facility. Building and maintaining a distribution network for biogas transportation is costly.

DE 197 46 636 A shows a building partially arranged below ground level, which has a fermenter compartment, a second compartment (under the roof) which is enclosed by a membrane and serves as a gas reservoir. and a third compartment (21) in which a block thermal power station is arranged. In addition, the building has a heating facility for the part of the pumped biomass (heating coil in the fermenter) and in a fourth compartment, a facility for transporting the biomass.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages according to the state of the art. In particular, a simple and cost effective construction device for the production and use of biogas should be provided. According to another object of the invention, the device should be constructed as compact as possible. The device must also be easily loaded with biomass and the waste materials resulting from the process must be easily removed and transported.

These objectives will be achieved through the features of claim 1. The improvements

Suitable results result from the characteristics of claims 2 to 16.

According to the invention it is provided that in the biogas reactor there is a paddle stirrer mechanism for stirring and grinding solid biomass.

In terms of utility, the first compartment is an integral part of the lower floor of the building and the second and third compartments are an integral part of an upper floor of the building. In this case, the second and / or third compartment may be arranged above the first compartment. In this embodiment, the device is particularly compactly formed.

According to another particularly advantageous improvement, the building has a concrete construction structure, preferably reinforced concrete. At least one wall of the building structure may form a supporting wall to support the filling of a landfill that reaches the upper floor level. Such a landfill fill up to the top floor allows easy access to vehicles. The building structure may furthermore be arranged such that, for example, on a wall opposite the supporting wall, the level of the embankment corresponds approximately to the level of the lower floor. This facilitates access to vehicles for biomass fueling the downstairs biogas reactor as well as for receiving waste material removed from the biogas reactor.

The biogas reservoir is preferably a membrane gas reservoir admitted to a second compartment. A biogas purification plant may be admitted to the membrane gas reservoir. The facility may be a gas scrubbing facility in particular for the disposal of soluble sulfur and ammonia containing compounds. Disregarding this, the installation may include microorganism growth surfaces for the disposal of harmful substances in biogas, in particular sulfur compounds. A biogas reservoir with the above characteristics provides a relatively clean biogas,

It is essentially composed of methane and carbon dioxide, which simultaneously through, for example, combustion in a thermal block plant, an engine and the like can be converted into energy, in particular, electrical energy.

According to another embodiment there is provided a separating wall from the second to the third compartment, which may be formed as a fire wall. This ensures that sparking or flame formation in the third compartment will not cause the device to explode.

In another advantageous embodiment there is provided a heating installation for heating an integral part of the pumped biomass. The heating installation may have a heat exchanger and / or a fragmentation installation. She is willing, for convenience, outside the building. This makes the heating installation easily accessible. In case of repair or maintenance, the biomass reactor must not be emptied.

According to another embodiment, a fourth compartment may be provided downstairs next to the first compartment, in which a pumping facility is provided for removing fermented waste substances. On the upper floor, above the fourth compartment, a fifth compartment may be provided, in which a facility for separating the removed waste substances is provided. By means of such a separation facility, which may also be referred to as a separator, the residual substances removed from the biogas reactor are separated into one essentially solid phase and another essentially liquid phase. The liquid phase is, for convenience, recirculated, that is, it is returned to the biogas reactor. Thus, particularly effective fermentation can be achieved and as a result, particularly high biogas production.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the biogas reactor may be formed so that it can be loaded exclusively with solid biomass, for example maize and the like for fermentation. In this case, it is a biogas reactor with which the

58 1 589 095 / EN solid fermentation process is executable. The liquid required for fermentation in the above process is kept in operation by recirculating the liquid phase obtained in the separator.

For convenience, an off-site facility for biomass feed into the bioreactor is planned. This facilitates the feeding of the same. Also, in case of repair or maintenance, it is easily accessible. According to a particularly advantageous improvement, the biomass feeder plant forms a module, for example, in a container which can be replaced if necessary.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail. The drawings show:

in Fig. 1 a plan of the lower floor of a first building,

<td>in Fig. building,</td><td> 2</td><td>an</td><td>plant</td><td>from the floor</td><td>top of the first</td>

<td>in Fig.</td><td> 3</td><td>an</td><td>first</td><td>view on</td><td>cross section of</td>

<td>according to</td><td colspan="2">Fig. 1</td><td>and 2,</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>in Fig.</td><td> 4</td><td>an</td><td>Monday</td><td>view on</td><td>cross section of</td>

<td>according to</td><td colspan="2">Fig. 1</td><td>and 2,</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>in Fig.</td><td> 5</td><td>an</td><td colspan="3">floor plan of a second</td>

<td>building,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>in Fig.</td><td> 6</td><td colspan="2">a plant</td><td>from the floor</td><td>upper second</td>

<td>building,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>in Fig.</td><td> 7</td><td>an</td><td>first</td><td>view on</td><td>cross section of</td>

<td>according to</td><td colspan="2">Figs.</td><td>5 and 6,</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>in Fig.</td><td> 8</td><td>an</td><td>Monday</td><td>view on</td><td>cross section of</td>

<td>according to</td><td colspan="2">Figs.</td><td>5 and 6.</td><td></td><td></td>

EP 1 589 095 / EN

In Figs. 1 to 4 is shown a first example of embodiment of a device according to the invention. A first building, generally referred to as reference 1, is surrounded by two long outer walls 2, 2a and two short outer walls 3, 3a. The outer long walls 2, 2a and the short walls 3, 3a form together with the seat plate 4 visible in Figs 3 and 4, as well as with the ceiling 5 a first building.

2a, 3, 3a, the seat plate forms a construction body, concrete, in particular compartment 6 forms,

6 The outer walls 2,

4, as well as the ceiling 5, which can be made of reinforced concrete. The first simultaneously is the housing of a rotary short 3, horizontal 7 reactor. proposed,

The biogas BG. Between both outer walls 3a, in particular axes 7a, winder agitator mechanisms 8,8a winder agitator mechanisms 8,8a allow a particularly energy-saving mixture of the biomass admitted into the biogas reactor BG. Effective transformation of the stirring energy is achieved.

Unwanted sinking and floating membranes are effectively avoided. Reference 9 designates a facility for loading the BG biomass reactor with a biomass (not shown here).

On the upper floor shown in Fig. 2, the long outer walls 2, 2a and the short outer wall 3 sectionwise limit a second compartment 10, in which a biogas reservoir BS is housed. The biogas reservoir BS includes in particular two membrane gas reservoirs 11, 11a. Membrane gas reservoirs 11, 11a may be provided with growth surfaces (not shown here) for inlet microorganisms, as well as a gas scrubbing facility. Such facilities are intended to remove harmful substances in biogas, in particular sulfur-containing compounds.

A third section 12 upstairs, bordered by sections, by the short outer wall 3a and the long outer wall 2 is bordered within the building by fire walls 13, 13a. In the third compartment 12 is

A block thermal power station 14 is permitted. Instead of block thermal power station 14 of course, other facilities suitable for power generation, in particular electrical power, may also be provided for housing 12. be foreseen

In the third, an installation connected in series with block 14 thermal power station, to increase biogas pressure. In addition, from the third compartment 12, a biogas-burning facility, a so-called gas torch, may extend through a ceiling of the device. Adjacent to the second and / or third compartment is a fifth compartment 16, in which a separator (not shown here) is housed for separating waste material eliminated from the reactor. Below the fifth compartment 16 you can see in Fig. 4 - A fourth compartment 15 is provided which, for example, is for pump intake. With the aid of the pumps it is optionally possible to remove fermented biomass, respectively, residual substances from the BG biomass reactor. The pumps can be controlled automatically or also regulated. Upstairs there may be provided a sixth compartment 17 adjacent to the second compartment 10 which may serve for admission to distribution facilities (not shown here).

of biogas BG. how can

As can be seen in particular from Figs. 3 and 4, a first ground level N1 is approximately at the lower floor level. A second level of ground N2 is formed through a landfill against the long wall 2 acting as a supporting wall. The second ground level N2 corresponds approximately to the upper floor level. All walls 2, 2a, 3, 3a, 13, 13a as well as the foundation plate 4 and the ceiling 5 are, for convenience, made of reinforced concrete.

The arrangement of the compartments 6, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17 has been selected so that the length of connecting lines for material transport is minimal. Thus, the fourth pump inlet housing 15 is disposed immediately adjacent to the first housing 6. This facilitates outflow and the transport of residual substances out of the first housing 6 and

Transporting it to the fifth compartment 16 located above, in which there is a separator for separation of waste substances. The biogas formed in the biogas reactor BG can be easily conveyed to the NS biogas reservoir located above without the anticipation of particularly long pipelines. Similarly, the biogas accumulated in the biogas reservoir BS can be immediately conveyed to the admitted block thermal power station 14 in the third compartment 12 without the provision of long pipelines.

The installation 9, provided at the first level Ni for biogas reactor supply BG, can be performed as a module in the form of a container. It is conveniently located outside the first building 1. This facilitates access to it, as well as power to the biogas reactor BG. Another ground level N2 is formed so that, without problems, the upstairs residual substances, in particular the solid materials separated by the separator, can be transported for recycling.

For example, in the short outer wall 3, a double-pipe heat exchanger for pumped biomass preheating may also be provided. Through the dual-pipe heat exchanger, an integral part of the pumped biomass can be pumped in circulation through the biogas reactor BG and be kept at a constant preset temperature. The double-pipe heat exchanger may include a crusher, with which, in a particularly energy-saving manner, it may be decomposed or disintegrated to fibrous portions in the pumped biogas portion. With such a crusher to crush the fibrous parts, biogas production can also be increased.

Figs. 5-8 show a second embodiment example of a biogas plant according to the invention. A second building, generally designated with reference 18, in turn has, on the lower floor, a first compartment 6 which is surrounded by two long outer walls 2, 2a and two short outer walls 3, 3a. The first compartment in turn forms the housing of the reactor of

58 1 589 095 / EN biogas BG. It is housed in a rotary paddle stirrer mechanism 8 on the horizontal axis 7. The biogas reactor power supply installation 9 is in this case installed in a seventh compartment 19 constructed adjacent to the first compartment 6. Located in front of the seventh compartment, the fourth compartment 15 joins the first compartment 6, in which (not shown here), pumps for the removal of fermented waste material out of the biogas reactor BG.

As is apparent, in particular in Fig. 6, above the fourth compartment is in turn the fifth compartment 16, in which is housed a separator designated with reference 20. The fire wall 13 separates the reservoir. of biogas BS housed in the second compartment 10 of the third compartment 12, in which the block thermal power station 14 is located. Also upstairs, shown in Fig. 6, two sixth compartments 17 are provided which are usable, for example, as assembly or distribution rooms.

The second compartment 10 for ventilation is provided with exhaust chimneys 21. From the third compartment 12 there is a gas beam 23 extending through a ceiling 22.

List of References

2, 2a

3, 3a

7, 7a

8,8a

11, 11a 12

13, 13a 14 first building exterior wall long exterior wall short seat plate ceiling first compartment axle blade agitator mechanism power supply second compartment membrane gas reservoir third compartment firewall central block thermal wall

095 / EN fourth compartment fifth compartment sixth compartment second building seventh compartment separator exhaust chamber ceiling gas beam biogas reactor biogas reservoir first ground level second ground level