Device for producing and using biogas

The invention relates to a device for producing and Utilization of biogas according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a device is, for example, from the brochure the Consultants Claus Rückert, biogas plants, 92259 Neukirchen known. - The known device requires a relatively high production costs. There must be two separate Buildings are constructed. One building forms the shell a biogas reactor and also includes a biogas storage if necessary. A second commonly removed them built Building is used to accommodate a cogeneration unit, which is powered by the biogas generated in the first building. The necessity of building two buildings requires a relatively large amount of space. This makes conventional devices the production and utilization of biogas expensive.

From DE 199 58 142 A1 a mobile biogas plant is known. Instead of two separate buildings here are two separate Container provided. In a container is a digester accommodated. In another container is a located Biogas memory and a device for production of energy. To start such a mobile biogas plant it is necessary between the two containers, power and to install gas interconnections. Such containers can coexist and also partly superimposed be erected. For details of the arrangement of the Containers are the EN not refer 199 58 142 A1.

Another mobile biogas plant is known from DE 197 44 653 A1 known. Here are modular made of prefabricated elements a biogas reactor, a biogas collection system and a CHP provided in a single housing can be integrated. The case can along with the received therein Modules are transported. The proposed modular Although design permits dismantling of the proposed Biogas plant as well as their re-establishment of a other place. The production of a modular biogas plant but is relatively complex.

EP 1069174 A1 describes a gas generator for producing methane gas. Through recovery of a operated with biogas engine discharged exhaust gases is a enables dehydration of the biomass. The motor is outside one surrounding the reactor building located.

EP 1088885 A2 describes another biogas reactor. About a wiring.Go thus produced gas to be Gas utilization equipment transported. The provision and is the maintenance of a pipeline system for transporting biogas consuming.

Object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art eliminate. There is in particular a possible simple and inexpensive to manufacture apparatus Creation and utilization specified by biogas. After a further object of the invention to the device as possible be compact. The apparatus should further as easily be charged with biomass and in the process residual materials are easily removable for possible be and transported away.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Useful embodiments result from the features of claims 2 to 17th

According to the invention it is provided that the building comprises at least a third space in which a device included for converting biogas into electrical energy is. - According to an essential aspect of the invention is in a rectangle surrounding the biogas reactor and the biogas storage Building provided a third space for accommodating the means for converting biogas into energy used. The proposed device requires a drastically lower Manufacturing expense. It eliminates the need the establishment of a separate building and a biogas line for connection of the building. The proposed stationary Device is very compact and requires a drastically reduced space requirements.

Appropriately, the first room is part of a basement of the building and the second and third room are Part of an upper level. Here can the second arranged and / or third space above the first space be. In this embodiment, the device is particularly compact.

According to another particularly advantageous embodiment, the building has a concrete, preferably reinforced concrete, manufactured building on. At least one wall of the structure , a support wall for supporting a to level form the upper floor reaching landfills. A such landfills up to the level of the upper floor allows easy starting of vehicles. The building may be arranged to further that on an example the supporting wall opposite wall, the ground level corresponds approximately to the level of the basement. The facilitates the starting of vehicles for loading of the Basement foreseen biogas reactor with biomass and for receiving removed from the biogas reactor waste.

Advantageously, the biogas storage is in a second Space recorded foil gas storage. In foil gas storage can added a device for cleaning the biogas be. The device may include a gas washing device, soluble in particular for the removal of sulfur and ammonia- his connections. Apart from that, the means Growth surfaces for microorganisms for the removal of Pollutants contained in the biogas, in particular sulfur compounds, include. A biogas storage the abovementioned Features provides a relatively clean, essentially of Methane and carbon dioxide existing biogas, which once, for example by combustion in a cogeneration plant, a motor and the like. in energy, in particular electrical Energy can be converted.

According to another embodiment it is provided that a the second separated from the third chamber wall as a fire wall is trained. This ensures that there is at a spark or flame in the third room there no may explosion of the device.

In a further advantageous embodiment is a heating device for heating a pumpable ingredient of biomass provided. The heater may have a heat exchanger and / or a comminuting device. she is expediently arranged outside the building. The makes the heater easy to access. In case of a Repair or maintenance must not emptied the biogas reactor will.

According to a further embodiment, in the basement next to the first space can be provided a fourth chamber, in which a provided pumping means for drawing off fermented residues is. Upstairs above the fourth space can be provided a fifth space in which a device for Separating the withdrawn waste is provided. by means of such a means for separating, also called "separator" is referred to, are deducted from the biogas reactor Residual materials is separated into a substantially solid and a substantially liquid phase. The liquid phase is expediently recirculated, ie returned to the biogas reactor. This allows a particularly effective digestion and consequently achieved a particularly high yield of biogas will.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the Biogas reactor be formed such that it exclusively for fermentation with solid biomass, such as corn and like., is charged. It is in this case a Biogas reactor with which the method of "dry fermentation" or "dry fermentation" is feasible. The for fermentation required in the aforementioned process fluid is here by recirculation of recovered in the separator liquid phase kept going.

Conveniently, a means for supplying biomass provided to bioreactor outside the building. The facilitates their feeding. Moreover, it is in the case of Maintenance or repair particularly easily accessible. After a particularly advantageous embodiment provides the means for supplying a biomass, for example in a Container recorded, module replaced if necessary can be.

Embodiments of the invention will become apparent of the drawings explained in more detail. Show it:<dl tsize="6"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>a floor plan of the basement of a first building, </dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>a ground plan of the upper floor of the first building,</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>a first cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 and 2, and</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>a second cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 and 2,</dd><dt>Fig. 5</dt><dd>a floor plan of the basement of a second building,</dd><dt>Fig. 6</dt><dd>a ground plan of the upper floor of the second building,</dd><dt>Fig. 7</dt><dd>a first cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 and 6 and</dd><dt>Fig. 8</dt><dd>a second cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 and 6.</dd></dl>

In Figs. 1 to 4 is a first embodiment of a inventive device shown. A general with the Numeral 1 designated the first building is long by two 2, 2a and two short outer walls 3, 3a surrounded. The lengths 2, 2a and the short outer walls 3, 3a form, together with of from FIGS. 3 and 4, bottom plate 4 and apparent with the ceiling 5 a first space 6. The outer walls 2, 2a, 3, 3a, the base plate 4 and the cover 5 form a structure, the, made of concrete, especially reinforced concrete can be. The first space 6 also forms the shell of a Biogas reactor BG. Between the two short outer walls 3, 3a to substantially horizontal axes 7, 7a rotatable Haspelrührwerke 8, 8a added. The proposed Haspelrührwerke 8, 8a allow a particularly energy-saving Mixing of the recorded in the biogas reactor BG biomass. There is achieved an effective implementation of stirring.

Unwanted sink and float layers reliably avoided. By the reference numeral 9 is a means for Feeding the biogas reactor BG with a (not shown here) Biomass refers.

In the floor shown in Fig. 2 respectively limit sections the long outer walls 2, 2a and the short outer wall 3 a second space 10, in which a biogas storage BS is housed. The biogas storage BS includes in particular two foil gas storage 11, 11a. In the foil gas storage 11, 11a can growth surfaces (not shown here) for receiving provided of microorganisms as well as a gas washing device be. Such devices are used to remove Pollutants, in particular sulfur-containing compounds, from the biogas.

An upstairs each sections of the short Outer wall 3a and the long outer wall 2 limited third Room 12 is building inside on fire protection walls 13, 13a limited. In the third room 12 a cogeneration unit is 14 added. can instead of cogeneration 14 Of course, other suitable means for Production of energy, in particular electrical energy is provided, be. In the third chamber 12 may further include the cogeneration plant 14 upstream means for increasing the be provided Biogas pressure. Further, from the third Space 12 by a roof of the device through a device the flaring of biogas, a so-called "flare" extend. Adjacent to the second and / or third space a fifth chamber 16 is provided, in which a (not shown) separator for separating from the biogas reactor is included BG distant residues. Below the fifth space 16 can -. As shown in Figure 4 is seen - a fourth space 15 may be provided, for example, for receiving can serve pumps. By means of the pump, it is possible optionally fermented biomass or residue from the Biogas reactor BG deducted. The pumps can automatically be controlled or regulated. Upstairs is adjacent provided on the second space 10, a sixth space 17 be that for receiving switchgear (not shown here) can serve.

As shown particularly in FIGS. 3 and 4 it can be seen, located a first ground level N1 approximately at the level of Basement. A second ground level N2 is through a Embankment against acting as a retaining wall longitudinal wall 2 formed. The second ground level N2 corresponds approximately to the level the upper floor. All the walls 2, 2a, 3, 3a, 13, 13a and the bottom plate 4 and the cover 5 are expediently made of reinforced concrete.

The arrangement of rooms 6, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17 is selected so that the length of connection lines for mass transport is minimal. So the fourth chamber 15 is designed to accommodate pumps immediately adjacent to the first room. 6 The facilitates the discharge and transport of waste from the first space 6 and transport to the overlying fifth space 16 in which a separator for the separation of the residues is added. The formed in the biogas reactor BG Biogas can be used without the provision of a particularly long lines without further transferred to the overlying biogas storage BS will. Likewise, the stored in the biogas storage BS Biogas without the provision of long lines at once the recorded in the third chamber 12 cogeneration 14 are supplied.

The envisaged at the first level N1 means 9 for Feeding the biogas reactor can BG as a module in the form of a its container carried. It is conveniently outside the first building 1 arranged. This facilitates their Accessibility and the feed of the biogas reactor BG. A second ground level N2 is formed so as to thus readily obtained upstairs residual materials, in particular , Traversed by means of the separator separated solids can be.

For example, at the short outside wall 3, a further (Not shown here) double-tube heat exchanger for preheating be provided pumpable biomass. By means of the double-tube heat exchanger , a pumpable part of the biomass pumped in circulation and constantly through the biogas reactor BG be maintained at a desired predetermined temperature. The double-tube heat exchanger may include a crusher, with the most energy efficient in the pumpable ingredient the biogas contained fibrous components dissolved or may be disintegrated. With such a crushing the fibrous components can further the yield increase in biogas.

Figs. 5 to 8 show a second embodiment of a Biogas plant according to the invention. A generally by the reference numeral 18 designated second building has basement again a first space 6, the two long 2, 2a and two short outer walls 3, 3a is surrounded. The first Room 6 again forms the shell of the biogas reactor BG. therein is about the horizontal axis 7 rotatable reel agitator 8 added. The device 9 for feeding the biogas reactor BG is here in an annexe to the first chamber 6 seventh chamber 19 housed. Opposite the seventh Room adjoins the first space 6, the fourth space 15 to, in the (not shown here) pumps for active discharge accommodated of fermented residues from the biogas reactor BG are.

In particular from FIG. 6 can be seen, is above the fourth compartment turn the fifth space 16, in added a Designated by the numeral 20 Separator is. The fire wall 13 separates the second Room 10 captured biogas storage BS from the third chamber 12, in which the cogeneration unit 14 is located. Further, upstairs shown in FIG. 6, two sixth rooms 17 provided, for example, as mounting or control room are available.

The second space 10 is provided for ventilation vent stacks 21 provided. From the third chamber 12 extending through a roof 22 a gas flare 23rd

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

<dl tsize="7" compact="compact"><dt>1</dt><dd>first building</dd><dt>2, 2a</dt><dd>long outer walls</dd><dt>3, 3a</dt><dd>short external walls</dd><dt>4</dt><dd>baseplate</dd><dt>5</dt><dd>blanket</dd><dt>6</dt><dd>first space</dd><dt>7, 7a</dt><dd>axis</dd><dt>8, 8a</dt><dd>reel agitator</dd><dt>9</dt><dd>Means for feeding</dd><dt>10</dt><dd>second room</dd><dt>11, 11a</dt><dd>Foil gas storage</dd><dt>12</dt><dd>third space</dd><dt>13, 13a</dt><dd>Fire screen</dd><dt>14</dt><dd>CHP</dd><dt>15</dt><dd>fourth room</dd><dt>16</dt><dd>fifth space</dd><dt>17</dt><dd>sixth space</dd><dt>18</dt><dd>second building</dd><dt>19</dt><dd>seventh space</dd><dt>20</dt><dd>separator</dd><dt>21</dt><dd>exhaust chamber</dd><dt>22</dt><dd>roof</dd><dt>23</dt><dd>gas flare</dd></dl><dl tsize="2" compact="compact"><dt>BG</dt><dd>biogas reactor</dd><dt>BS</dt><dd>biogas storage</dd><dt>N1</dt><dd>first ground level</dd><dt>N2</dt><dd>Second ground level</dd></dl>