Coated article with high visible transmission and low emissivity

Description of the invention

The present invention relates to a coated article. More specifically, the invention relates to a coated article exhibiting high visible transmission properties (e.g., where thermal tempering, hot bending or other significant heat treatment is not applied), neutral color (transmissive and / or reflective). , durability (mechanical and / or chemical), and / or low emissivity (low E).

DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT STATE OF TECHNOLOGY

Coated articles are known in the art, for example from US Patent No. 5,800,933 to Hartig ('933 Patent). The '933 patent discloses a glass substrate / TiO layer stack, inter alia₂/ Si3N₄/ NiCr / Ag / NiCr / Si3N₄. In columns 22-25 of the '933 Patent, of untreated Example A, it can be seen that the finished IG unit used glass panels with a thickness of 2.3 mm and that it had a visible transmission of 69.5%. , a shading coefficient (SC) of 0.48, thus a heat gain to sun exposure factor (SHGC) of about 0.418 (ie, SC = SHGC / 0.87). Even with the use of such thin transparent glass panes (2.3 mm thick), IG units were unable to achieve a visible radiation transmission of at least 70%. This is unsuccessful in some non-limiting situations. In addition, it may sometimes be desirable that the SC and / or SHGC be lower than stated above in view of solar energy management that is readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

It is apparent to those skilled in the art that there is a need for a coated article that can be used in monolithic applications and / or in applications such as insulating glass units (IGUs). insulating glass units (IG) such that the finished insulating glazing unit can exhibit high visible transmission (for example, a visible radiation transmission of at least 70%) combined with one or more of (a) SHGCs of no more than about 0.45, more preferably not greater than about 0.40, (b) SC not greater than about 0.49, more preferably not greater than 0.46, (c) chemical and / or mechanical stability, (d) neutral transmissive color such , that transmitting a * is from -5.0 to 0 (more preferably from -3.5 to -1.5) and transmitting b * is from -2.0 to 4.0 (more preferably from 1.0 to 3.0 ) and (e) a neutral reflecting color from the outside of the IG unit (i.e., Rg / Rzewn) such that reflecting a * is from -3.0 to 2.0 (more preferably from -2.0 to 0.5). and reflective b * is from -5.0 to 1.0 (more preferably from -4.0 to -1.0).

DISCLOSURE OF THE SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a coated article that can be used in applications such as insulating IG units so that the finished IG unit can exhibit a high visible transmission of at least 70% (e.g. when transparent glass is used). glass substrates 1.0 to 3.5 mm thick), in combination with at least one of: (a) SHGC no greater than about 0.45, more preferably no greater than about 0.40, (b) SC no greater than about 0.49, more preferably no greater than 0.46, (c) chemical and / or mechanical stability , (d) a neutral transmissive color such that transmitting a * is from -5.0 to 0 (more preferably from -3.5 to -1.5) and transmitting b * is from -2.0 to 4.0 ( more preferably from 1.0 to 3.0) and (e) a neutral reflecting color from the outside of the IG unit (i.e., Rg / Rzewn) such that reflective a * is from -3.0 to 2.0 (more preferably from -2.0 to 0.5) and reflective b * is from -5.0 to 1.0 (more preferably from -4.0 to - 1.0).

Another object of the present invention is to provide an article provided with a layer stack comprising: substrate / TiOx / ZnOx / Ag / NiCrOx / SnOx / ZnOx / Ag / NiCrOx / SnOx / SixNy. In some exemplary, but non-limiting, embodiments of the invention, such a layer stack may enable the above-mentioned purposes and / or needs.

Another object of the invention is to meet one or more of the above-mentioned purposes and / or needs.

In certain exemplary non-limiting embodiments of the invention, one or more of the above-mentioned purposes and / or needs are / are met by providing a coated article comprising: a substrate, a first dielectric layer supported by the substrate, a lower contact layer comprising zinc oxide, an infrared (IR) reflecting layer comprising silver, a lower contact layer comprising at least one of nickel oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel-chromium oxide, in which the IR reflecting layer is placed is between and in contact with the lower and upper contact layers.

PL 200 138 B1

In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, one or more of the above-mentioned needs and / or objectives are achieved by providing a IGU including: first and second substrates spaced apart from each other, a coating supported by the first substrate including first and second IR reflecting layers, each of the IR reflecting layers being interposed between and contacting a respective pair of contact layers wherein the coating exhibits resistance surface sheet resistance) (Rs) not more than 3.5 Ω / c, where the insulating glass unit has a visible radiation transmission of at least 70%, heat gain to sunlight ratio (SHGC) not greater than 0.45, color reflective from the outside, defined by a * reflecting from the outside from -3.0 to 2.0 and b * reflecting from the outside ^{from -5.0 to 1.0.}

The invention therefore provides a coated article comprising: a coating supported by a glass substrate, characterized in that the coating comprises, externally, a glass substrate:

a) a layer containing titanium oxide,

b) contact layer containing zinc oxide,

c) a layer containing silver,

d) a layer containing nickel-chromium oxide,

e) a layer containing tin oxide,

f) a layer containing zinc oxide,

g) a layer containing silver,

h) a layer comprising nickel chromium oxide, and

i) a layer comprising silicon nitride, and wherein the coated article has a visible transmission of at least 70% and the coating has a sheet resistance R_s no more than 5.0 Q / n.

EXPLANATION OF DRAWING FIGURES

Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of an embodiment of a coated article of this invention.

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of an embodiment of an insulating IG unit according to the invention using a coated article as shown in Figure 1 (or, alternatively, a coated article as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4).

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a coated article of this invention, similar to that shown in Figure 1, except that there is no tin oxide layer.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of yet another embodiment of a coated article of the invention illustrating that a diamond carbon (DLC) layer may be applied over any of the coatings or layer systems.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Referring now in more detail to the accompanying drawing, like reference numerals in the various figures indicate like parts.

Some embodiments of the invention provide a low-E coating or layer system which can be used in applications such as Insulating IG units, road vehicle windows, skylights, glass doors, and the like. Coated articles (e.g., monolithic glazing or insulating glazing units according to some embodiments of the invention preferably exhibit a high visible transmission of at least 70% (e.g., when transparent glass substrates with a thickness of 1.0 to 3.5 mm are used) ). In the exemplary context of insulating glass units, this high visible transmission of radiation is coupled to at least one of: (a) SHGC no greater than about 0.45, more preferably no greater than about 0.40, (b) SC no greater than about 0.49, more preferably no greater than about 0.46, (c) chemical stability and / or mechanical, (d) a neutral transmissive color such that transmitting a * is from -5.0 to 0 (more preferably from -3.5 to -1.5), and transmitting b * is from -2.0 to 4.0 (more preferably from 1.0 to 3.0) and (e) a neutral color reflecting from the outside of the IG unit (i.e., Rg / Rzewn) such that that reflective a * (i.e., a * g) is from -3.0 to 2.0 (more preferably, from -2.0 to 0.5) and reflective b * (i.e., b * g) is from - 5.0 to 1.0 (more preferably from -4.0 to -1.0).

Fig. 1 shows a non-limiting example of a coated article according to the invention in cross-section. The coated article comprises a substrate 1 (e.g., a clear, green, brown, or bluish-green glass substrate from about 1.0 to 10.0 mm thick, more preferably from about 1.0 to 3.5 mm thick) and a coating (or layering system). ) 27 deposited on the substrate 1 both directly and indirectly. The coating (or layer system) 27 comprises: a first dielectric anti-reflection layer 3,

A first lower contact layer 7 (which is in contact with layer 9), a first conductive infrared (IR) reflecting metallic layer 9, a first upper contact layer 11 (in contact with layer 9), a second dielectric layer 13 (which in various embodiments according to the invention, may be deposited in one or more steps), a second lower contact layer 17 (which is in contact with layer 19), a second conductive metallic IR reflecting layer 19, a second upper contact layer 21 (which contacts layer 19), a third dielectric layer 23 and, finally, a fourth, protective dielectric layer 25. Each of the "contact" layers 7, 11, 17 and 21 contacts at least one layer IR reflecting (e.g. with an Ag layer). The above-mentioned layers 3-25 form a low E (i.e. low emissivity) coating 27 deposited on a glass or plastic substrate 1.

In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the first dielectric layer may consist of or include an oxide of titanium (e.g., TiOx, where x is from 1.7 to 2.3, most preferably x is about 2.0). However, in other embodiments, layer 3 may consist of or include silicon nitride (SixNy, where x / y is about 0.75 (i.e. Si3N4), or alternatively x / y may be from about 0.76 to 1.5, in Si) enriched embodiments, alumina, tin oxide, zinc oxide, BiOx, SiZrN, or any other suitable dielectric material. Preferably, the first dielectric layer 3 has a refractive index "n" of at least 1.7, preferably from 2.0 to 2.7 and most preferably from 2.2 to 2.6. In some embodiments of the invention, the first dielectric layer 3 functions as an anti-reflective layer.

Infrared (IR) reflecting layers 9 and 19 are preferably metallic and conductive, and may be of or include silver (Ag), gold, or any other suitable IR reflecting material. However, in some exemplary, but non-limiting, embodiments of the invention, the material most used for the IR reflecting layers 9 and 19 is Metallic Ag. IR reflecting layers help to enable the coating 27 to exhibit low E and / or good solar control properties.

In preferred embodiments according to the invention, the upper contact layers 11 and 21 (i.e. "upper" are to be understood as the contact layers situated on top of the respective IR reflecting layers 9, 19) consist of or include nickel oxide (Ni), chromium oxide ( Cr) or a nickel alloy oxide such as nickel chromium oxide (NiCrOx). The use of, for example, NiCrOx for these layers makes it possible to improve durability, which is comparable with some other materials (e.g. compared with zinc oxide). In some embodiments of the invention, NiCrOx layers 11 and / or 21 may be fully oxidized (ie, fully stoichiometric) or, in other embodiments of the invention, they may be at least about 50% oxidized. While NiCrOx is the preferred material for the upper contact layers 11 and 21, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, in other alternative embodiments of the invention, other materials (e.g., Ni oxides, Ni alloy oxides) may be used instead for one or more of these layers. , Cr oxides, Cr, NiCrOxNy alloy oxides or other suitable material). It should be noted that in various embodiments of the invention, the upper contact layers 11 and / or 21 may or may not be continuous depending on their respective thicknesses.

If, in some embodiments, the upper contact layers 11 and / or 21 include NiCrOx, the respective amounts of Ni and Cr may be varied, such as in nichrome, and may be about 80-90% Ni and 10-20% Cr by weight. In other embodiments, the spray targets used in sputtering the layer (s) 11 and / or 21 may be 50/50 Ni / Cr, 60/40 Ni / Cr, 70/30 Ni / Cr, or some other appropriate ratio. An exemplary spray target for depositing these layers includes not only SS-316, which consists essentially of 10% Ni and 90% other components, primarily Fe and Cr, but potentially also Haynes 214 (for example, see US Patent No. 5,688,585). The top layer (s) 11 and / or 21 (e.g., consisting of or including NiCrO x), in various embodiments of the invention, may or may not be oxidized staged. Oxidation gradation means that the oxidation state of the layer (s) varies along the thickness of the layer (s) such that, for example, a contact layer may be graded such that the degree of oxidation at the contact surface with the immediately adjacent IR reflecting layer is less than the oxidation state of the more distant or more distant layer (s). farthest from the immediately adjacent IR reflecting layer the portion of the contact layer (s).

Lower contact layers 7 and 17 ("lower" are the contact layers on the underside of the IR reflecting layers 9, 19) in preferred but not limiting embodiments of the invention consist of or include zinc oxide (e.g., ZnO x, where x, in various embodiments, it is from 0.6 to 1.2, more preferably x is from 0.7 to 1.0). For example, bottom layer (s) 7

PL 200 138 B1 and / or 17 may, in some embodiments of the invention, consist essentially of zinc oxide, while in other embodiments of the invention the bottom contact layer (s) 7 and / or 17 may comprise or consist essentially of ZnAlO x, where x has a value such that the percentage of Al (by weight) in the layer is from about 0-15%, most preferably from about 0-6%, and more preferably from about 1-4%. The use of these materials (e.g. ZnOx, ZnAlOx, or the like) for the lower contact layer (s) 7 and / or 17 allows to increase the visible radiation transmission of the finished coated article (compared to when NiCrOx was used for these layers), allows to reduce surface resistance Rs and / or emissivity, and generally allows improved solar performance. In contact layer (s) 7 and / or 17 comprising ZnO x, x may have a value such that the layer is fully stoichiometric (e.g. ZnO) or, alternatively, may be from 0.4 to 0.99, more preferably from 0.7 to 0.99, and most preferably from 0.8 to 0.99, such that the layer (s) are more conductive (this can be done, for example, by reducing the amount of oxygen gas and increasing the amount of Ar gas used during the coating process). Additionally, in some embodiments of the invention, layer (s) 7 and / or 17 have a refractive index of from 1.8 to 2.2, more preferably from about 1.9 to 2.1 such that, for example, layers 3 and 7 clearly present separate and distinct films.

It has surprisingly been found that by using ZnOx, ZnAlOx or the like for the lower contact layer (s) 7 and / or 17, while NiCrOx is used for the upper contact layer (s) 11 and / or 21, a finished coated article can be obtained exhibiting a combination of high radiation transmission in visible range and reduced surface resistance Rs, as well as acceptable durability (mechanical and chemical). For durability purposes, highly durable NiCrOx is used for the upper contact layers 11 and / or 21, while for improving the transmission of visible radiation and / or other solar properties, solar control is used for the lower contact layer (s) 7 and / or 17. ZnOx, ZnAlOx, or the like. In other words, NiCrOx gives good durability, especially when placed on top of Ag layers and the zinc oxide containing contact layer (s) allow a combination of high visible radiation transmission with low surface resistance Rs and / or good solar yields.

In some embodiments of the invention, the second dielectric layer 13 acts as the interface layer between the two shell halves 27, and consists of or includes tin oxide (e.g., SnO2 or other non-stoichiometric forms of tin oxide). However, other dielectric materials may be used instead for the layers 13, including, but not limited to, silicon nitride, titanium dioxide, niobium oxide, silicon oxynitride, zinc oxide, or the like.

The third and fourth layers, dielectric layers 23 and 25, make it possible to improve the environmental resistance of the coating 27, and are also used for color purposes. In some example embodiments, dielectric layer 23 may consist of or include tin oxide (e.g., SnO2), although other materials may be used instead. In some embodiments of the invention, the top covering dielectric layer 25 may consist of or include silicon nitride (e.g., Si3N4), although other materials such as titanium dioxide, silicon oxynitride, tin oxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, or similar.

Other layer (s) may also be used below or above the coating 27 shown. Thus, when the layer system or coating 27 is "on" or "supported by" substrate 1 (directly or indirectly), other layer (s) may be used therebetween. Thus, for example, the coating 27 shown in Fig. 1 may be considered "on" or "supported by" the substrate 1, even if other layer (s) are provided between the layer 3 and the substrate 1. Moreover, without departing from the gist of some embodiments of the invention, in some embodiments, some layers of the coating 27 may be removed, while in other embodiments, other layers may be added. For example, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the coating 27 is similar to the coating shown in Fig. 1, except that in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 there is no upper layer 23 including SnO2.

Figure 2 shows the coating or layering 27 applied to surface # 2 of the IG window. As shown in Fig. 2, coatings 27 of any embodiment may be used in insulating glazing units. In order to distinguish the "inside" of the IG unit from its "outside", the sun 29 is schematically shown on the outside. The IG unit is provided with an outer glass plate or pane (i.e. substrate 1 of Fig. 1) and an inner glass plate or pane 31. These two glass substrates (e.g. 1-10 mm thick float glass) are sealed on the outer periphery with conventional sealant and / or

With spacer 33, and may be provided with a conventional desiccant strip (not shown). The panes are then placed in a conventional window or door frame. By sealing the outer periphery of the glass panes and replacing the air in the insulating space (or chamber) with a gas such as argon, a conventional high insulating IG unit was formed. Optionally, in some alternative embodiments of the invention (with or without gas in space 30), a sub-atmospheric pressure may be present in the insulating space 30, although, of course, this is not necessary in all embodiments. Although in the embodiment according to Fig. 2 the inner side of the substrate 1 is provided with a coating 27, the present invention is not limited thereto (for example, in other embodiments of the invention, the coating 27 may be located on the inner surface of the substrate 31).

Returning to Fig. 1, while a variety of thicknesses may be used to meet one or more of the purposes discussed herein, exemplary preferred thicknesses and exemplary materials for the respective layers on the glass substrate 1 of Figs. 1-2 are provided below.

Table 1 (Examples of materials / thicknesses; Design according to Fig. 1)

<td>Layer</td><td>Favorable range μιτι (A)</td><td>More preferred μτ (A)</td><td>Example μτ (A)</td>

<td>TiO₂ (layer 3)</td><td>0-7x10^-2 μτ (0-700 A)</td><td> 10'²-4x10 '² μτ (100-400 A)</td><td>2x10^-2 μτ (200 A)</td>

<td>ZnO_x (layer 7)</td><td>2.5x10 '³-2x10 '² μτ (25-200 A)</td><td>4x10 '³-1.5x10 '² μτ (40-150 A)</td><td>9x10^-3 μτ (90 A)</td>

<td>Ag (layer 9)</td><td>5x10 '³-2.5x10 '² μτ (50-250 A)</td><td>8x10 '³-2x10 '² μτ (80-200 A)</td><td>1.3x10^-2 μτ (130 A)</td>

<td>NiCrOx (layer 11)</td><td>5x10 '⁴-10'² μτ (5-100 A)</td><td>1.5x10 '³-6x10 '³ μτ (15-60 A)</td><td>3x10^-3 μτ (30 A)</td>

<td>SnO2 (layer 13)</td><td>0-x10^-1 μτ (0-1.000 A)</td><td>5x10 '²-9x10 '² μτ (500-900 A)</td><td>6.8x10^-2 (680 A)</td>

<td>ZnOx (layer 17)</td><td>2.5x10 '³-2x10 '² μτ (25-200 A)</td><td>4x10 '³-1.5x10 '² μτ (40-150 A)</td><td>9x10^-3 μτ (90 A)</td>

<td>Ag (layer 19)</td><td>5x10 '³-2.5x10 '² μτ (50-250 A)</td><td>8x10 '³-2.2x10 '³ μτ (80-220 A)</td><td>1.68x10^-2 (168 A)</td>

<td>NiCrOx (layer 21)</td><td>5x10 '⁴-10'² μτ (5-100 A)</td><td>1.5x10 '³-6x10 '³ μτ (15-60 A)</td><td>3x10^-3 μτ (30 A)</td>

<td>SnO₂ (layer 23)</td><td>0-5x10^-2 μτ (0-500 A)</td><td>7x10 '³-2x10 '² μτ (70-200 A)</td><td>12.5x10^-2 μτ (125 A)</td>

<td>Si₃N₄ (layer 25)</td><td>0-5x10^-2 μτ (0-500 A)</td><td>1.2x10 '²-3.2x10 '² μτ (120-320 A)</td><td>2.2x10^-2 μτ (220 A)</td>

In certain example embodiments of this invention, the coating / layering 27 in all of the aforementioned embodiments exhibits the following Low E (Low E) properties set forth in Table 2, provided they refer to an insulating IG unit window (shown in Figure 2): when no significant heat treatment is applied, such as quenching or hot bending (although other embodiments of the invention may employ a heat treatment). Note that in Table 2, En is the normal emissivity / emissivity.

Table 2

Properties of low E (untreated product)

<td>Property</td><td>Ordinary</td><td>More beneficial</td><td>Most beneficial</td>

<td>Rs (Ω / π):</td><td> &lt;=5,0</td><td> &lt;=3,5</td><td> &lt;=2,8</td>

<td>En:</td><td> &lt;=0,07</td><td> &lt;=0,04</td><td> &lt;=0,03</td>

In addition, coated articles in monolithic form including coatings 27 according to certain example embodiments of this invention (for example, where the coating (s) are placed on a clear soda-lime-silica glass substrate 1 from 2.0 to 3.2 mm thick) , show the following solar properties. In Table 3 below, RgY is the visible reflection from the glass side (g) of the monolithic article, while RfY is the visible reflection from the side of the monolithic article on which the film (f) (i.e. coating 27) is placed.

PL 200 138 B1

Table 3

Solar properties of the monolithic product

<td>Property</td><td>Ordinary</td><td>More favorable</td>

<td>Tvis (or TY) (111.0.2 °):</td><td> &gt;= 70%</td><td> &gt;= 75%</td>

<td>a * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-5.0 to 0.0</td><td>-4.0 to -1.5</td>

<td>b * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-4.0 to 4.0</td><td>1.0 to 3.0</td>

<td>RgY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>1 to 10%</td><td>3 to 6%</td>

<td>a * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-2.0 to 4.0</td><td>0.0 to 2.5</td>

<td>b * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-7.0 to 1.0</td><td>-5.0 to 0.0</td>

<td>RfY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>1 to 7%</td><td>1 to 5%</td>

<td>a * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-2.0 to 5.0</td><td>-0.5 to 3.0</td>

<td>b * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-9.0 to 1.0</td><td>-7.0 to 0.0</td>

<td>SHGC:</td><td> &lt;=0,49</td><td> &lt;=0,45</td>

<td>SC:</td><td> &lt;=0,56</td><td> &lt;=0,53</td>

<td>^T. ultraviolet:</td><td> &lt;=0,41</td><td> &lt;=0,39</td>

<td>^T. UV weighted mean of the defect:</td><td> &lt;=0,50</td><td> &lt;=0,48</td>

Meanwhile, insulating glazing units that employ coatings 27 according to certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 (For example, when the coated glass substrate 1 is a clear soda lime silica glass substrate 2.0 to 3.2 mm thick and the second soda lime silica glass substrate 31 is clear and has a thickness of 2 to 3, 2mm when no significant heat treatment is applied), they exhibit the following solar properties. In Table 4 below, RgY is the reflection of the radiation visible in the visible range from the outside or from the outside of the window (i.e. the side facing the sun in Fig. 2) and RfY is the reflection of the radiation in the visible range from the inside (e.g. from inside the building), and the values ​​of a *, b * below these corresponding reflection parameters also correspond to the side of the glass (g) (i.e., from the outside of the window in Fig. 2) and from the film side (f) (i.e., from the inside of the window in Fig. 2).

Table 4

Solar properties of an insulating glass unit

<td>Property</td><td>General</td><td>More favorable</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td>

<td>Tvis (or TY) (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> &gt;= 69%</td><td> &gt;= 70%</td>

<td>a * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-5.0 to 0.0</td><td>-3.5 to -1.5</td>

<td>b * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-2.0 to 4.0</td><td>1.0 to 3.0</td>

<td>RgY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>7 to 13%</td><td>9 to 11%</td>

<td>a * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-3.0 to 2.0</td><td>-2.0 to 0.5</td>

<td>b * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-5.0 to 1.0</td><td>-4.0 to -1.0</td>

<td>RfY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>7 to 14%</td><td>10 to 12%</td>

<td>a * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-3.0 to 2.0</td><td>-1.5 to 0.5</td>

<td>b * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td>-5.0 to 1.0</td><td>-4.0 to -1.5</td>

<td>SHGC:</td><td> &lt;=0,45</td><td> &lt;=0,40</td>

<td>SC:</td><td> &lt;=0,49</td><td> &lt;=0,46</td>

PL 200 138 B1 cont. table 4

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td>

<td>U value: approximate value</td><td>1.120352913 to</td><td>1.248344211 to</td>

<td>according to EN673 (value according to ASTM)</td><td>1.760309403 (0.20 to 0.30)</td><td>1.440331158 (0.22 to 0.25)</td>

<td>^T. ultraviolet:</td><td> &lt;=0,36</td><td> &lt;=0,33</td>

<td>^T. UV weighted mean of the defect:</td><td> &lt;=0,45</td><td> &lt;=0,39</td>

Note that some parameters can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the layers. For example, adjusting the thickness of the dielectric layers can reduce the (ultraviolet) transmission of ultraviolet (UV) a lot more.

Fig. 4 shows yet another embodiment of a coated article of this invention in cross-section. The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 is the same as the embodiment of Fig. 1, except that on top of the silicon nitride layer 25 (and optionally in contact with) is a diamond-type carbon (DLC) layer 26, constituting the top layer. covering (note: the embodiment shown in fig. 3 can be modified in a similar way). DLC inclusive layer 26 may be hydrophobic, hydrophilic, or neither in various embodiments of the invention. In various embodiments of the invention, the DLC inclusive layer 26 may be, for example and without limitation, any of the DLC inclusive layers described and illustrated in any of US 6,261,693, US 6,277,480, US 6,280,834, and / or US 6,284,377 (all of which are is hereby incorporated by reference). DLC inclusive layer (s) 26 may be deposited on substrate 1 as a coating layer by ion beam deposition, or any other suitable coating deposition method.

EXAMPLES 1-2

The following example coated articles (Examples 1 and 2) were made according to the above embodiment shown in Fig. 3 (i.e., there was no layer 23 in the coating 27). In Example 1, the coating of Fig. 3 or stack of layers 27 was sprayed onto a 3mm thick clear soda-lime-silica glass substrate using a known Leybold sputter coater (27 cathode system) at a line speed of 2.5 meters per minute. . The spray device was set up / operated as shown below in Table 5 for Examples 1-2. Power (P) was measured in kW, current (I) in amperes, pressure (Press) in N / m². The gas flow for the Ar gas was measured in sccm (standard cubic centimeters) with the gas flow including the Ar gas flow from the gas flow controls. Thus, for example, for cathode 1, the main Ar gas flow was 350 sccm, and all three gas flow controls were each adjusted for this cathode for an Ar gas capacity of 50 sccm which adds up to 500 sccm of flow. Ar gas for cathode 1. For cathodes 1 and 2, oxygen flow was controlled and established by setting all three set points (SPs) for the plasma emission monitor to 18 (denoted by SP in Table 5 below). Note: The sputtering NiCr target (s) were 80/20 Ni / Cr. The setting of the spray device was the same for example 1 and 2, and monolithically the only difference between the examples was that in example 1 coating 27 was sprayed onto a clear glass substrate 3mm thick, while in example 2 coating 27 was sprayed onto clear glass 4 mm thick substrate.

Table 5

Sample Spray Device Settings (Examples 1-2)

<td>Cathode</td><td>Shield</td><td>Nap. (V)</td><td>P. (kW)</td><td>Ar (sccm)</td><td>O2 (sccm)</td><td>N2 (sccm)</td><td>Pressure (N / m²)</td><td>AND (amp.)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td><td> 9</td>

<td> #1</td><td>Ti</td><td> 704</td><td> 75</td><td> 500</td><td>SP</td><td> 75</td><td>2.73x10</td><td> 90</td>

<td> #6</td><td>Ti</td><td> 657</td><td> 75</td><td> 500</td><td>SP</td><td> 75</td><td>4.87x10</td><td> 89</td>

<td> #7</td><td>ZnAl</td><td> 600</td><td> 22</td><td> 350</td><td> 530</td><td> 0</td><td>4.83x10</td><td> 45</td>

<td> #9</td><td>Ag</td><td> 438</td><td> 5,5</td><td> 150</td><td> 0</td><td> 0</td><td>2.35x10</td><td> 11,8</td>

<td> #10</td><td>NiCr</td><td> 488</td><td> 9</td><td> 250</td><td> 80</td><td> 0</td><td>1.43x10</td><td> 18,7</td>

PL 200 138 B1 cont. table 5

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td><td> 9</td>

<td> #12</td><td>Sn</td><td> 440</td><td> 16</td><td> 300</td><td> 530</td><td> 75</td><td>5.21x10^-1</td><td> 34</td>

<td> #13</td><td>Sn</td><td> 476</td><td> 21</td><td> 300</td><td> 965</td><td> 75</td><td>5.28x10^-1</td><td> 50</td>

<td> #14</td><td>Sn</td><td> 423</td><td> 21</td><td> 125</td><td> 470</td><td> 75</td><td> 1,07</td><td> 50</td>

<td> #15</td><td>Sn</td><td> 434</td><td> 22,5</td><td> 125</td><td> 470</td><td> 75</td><td> 1,07</td><td> 50</td>

<td> #16</td><td>Sn</td><td> 425</td><td> 22</td><td> 125</td><td> 470</td><td> 75</td><td>4.72x10^-1</td><td> 55</td>

<td> #18</td><td>ZnAl</td><td> 373</td><td> 22</td><td> 350</td><td> 570</td><td> 0</td><td>4.71x10^-1</td><td> 72</td>

<td> #20</td><td>Ag</td><td> 392</td><td> 7,3</td><td> 250</td><td> 0</td><td> 0</td><td>2.00x10^-1</td><td> 18,8</td>

<td> #21</td><td>NiCr</td><td> 495</td><td> 8</td><td> 250</td><td> 75</td><td> 0</td><td>1.99x10^-1</td><td> 16,5</td>

<td> #25</td><td>Si</td><td> 486</td><td> 55</td><td> 350</td><td> 0</td><td> 675</td><td>6.04x10^-1</td><td> 134</td>

<td> #26</td><td>Si</td><td> 444</td><td> 55</td><td> 350</td><td> 0</td><td> 1200</td><td>6.04x10^-1</td><td> 140</td>

After coating 27 was sprayed onto substrate 1 (3 mm thick in Example 1 and 4 mm thick in Example 2), measurements of the coated articles were carried out monolithically (see Tables 6-7 below). Then, the coated substrate including coating 27 and substrate 1 of each example was combined with a different clear soda lime silica glass substrate 31 (in example 1, the other substrate 31 was 2.3 mm thick and in example 2 was 3 mm thick) to IG units were formed for each example as shown in Fig. 2. IG measurements were also carried out to investigate the solar performance. Measurements of the solar properties of monolithic glazing and insulating IG units are given in Tables 6-7 below.

Table 6

Solar performance of a monolithic glass and an insulating IG unit (Example 1)

<td>Property</td><td>Monolithic glass (Example 1)</td><td>Insulating glass unit (Example 1)</td>

<td>Tvis (or TY) (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 77,8%</td><td> 71%</td>

<td>a * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -2,9</td><td> -2,9</td>

<td>b * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 2,0</td><td> 2,0</td>

<td>RgY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 4,85%</td><td> 9,9%</td>

<td>a * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 0,85</td><td> -1,0</td>

<td>b * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -2,75</td><td> -2,0</td>

<td>RfY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 4%</td><td> 11,5%</td>

<td>a * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 2,5</td><td> -0,4</td>

<td>b * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -6,0</td><td> -3,0</td>

<td>SHGC:</td><td> 0,448</td><td> 0,394</td>

<td>SC:</td><td> 0,52</td><td> 0,45</td>

<td>^T. ultraviolet:</td><td> 0,38</td><td> 0,32</td>

<td>^T. UV weighted mean of the defect:</td><td> 0,47</td><td> 0,41</td>

PL 200 138 B1

Table 7

Solar performance of a monolithic glass and an insulating IG unit (Example 2)

<td>Property</td><td>Monolithic glass (Example 2)</td><td>Insulating glass unit (Example 2)</td>

<td>Tvis (or TY) (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 76,2%</td><td> 69,5%</td>

<td>a * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -1,8</td><td> -2,3</td>

<td>b * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 2,05</td><td> 2,09</td>

<td>RgY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 5%</td><td> 9,8%</td>

<td>a * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 1,65</td><td> -0,1</td>

<td>b * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -4,8</td><td> -2,4</td>

<td>RfY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 3,8%</td><td> 11,2%</td>

<td>a * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 0,6</td><td> -0,4</td>

<td>b * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -2,95</td><td> -1,1</td>

<td>SHGC:</td><td> 0,448</td><td> 0,397</td>

<td>SC:</td><td> 0,52</td><td> 0,46</td>

<td>^T. Ultraviolet:</td><td> 0,38</td><td> 0,32</td>

<td>^T. UV weighted mean of the defect:</td><td> 0,47</td><td> 0,41</td>

EXAMPLE 3

Example 3 is a theoretical example and its properties are listed below and includes both spray device setting data and solar performance data. While examples 1-2 refer to the embodiment according to Figs. 2-3, example 3 refers to the embodiment according to Figs. 1-2. Note that cathode # 23 was used in the sputtering device to form the tin oxide layer 23 as shown in Figure 1.

Table 8

Sample Spray Device Settings (Example 3)

<td>Cathode</td><td>The rainbow</td><td>Nap. (V)</td><td>P. (kW)</td><td>Ar (sccm)</td><td>O2 (sccm)</td><td>N2 (sccm)</td><td>Pressure (N / m²)</td><td>AND (amp.)</td>

<td> #1</td><td>Ti</td><td> 704</td><td> 75</td><td> 500</td><td>SP</td><td> 75</td><td>2.73x10^-1</td><td> 90</td>

<td> #6</td><td>Ti</td><td> 657</td><td> 75</td><td> 500</td><td>SP</td><td> 75</td><td>4.87x10^-1</td><td> 89</td>

<td> #7</td><td>ZnAl</td><td> 600</td><td> 22</td><td> 350</td><td> 530</td><td> 0</td><td>4.83x10^-1</td><td> 45</td>

<td> #9</td><td>Ag</td><td> 438</td><td> 5,5</td><td> 150</td><td> 0</td><td> 0</td><td>2.35x10^-1</td><td> 11,8</td>

<td> #10</td><td>NiCr</td><td> 488</td><td> 9</td><td> 250</td><td> 80</td><td> 0</td><td>1.43x10^-1</td><td> 18,7</td>

<td> #12</td><td>Sn</td><td> 440</td><td> 16</td><td> 300</td><td> 530</td><td> 75</td><td>5.21x10^-1</td><td> 34</td>

<td> #13</td><td>Sn</td><td> 476</td><td> 21</td><td> 300</td><td> 965</td><td> 75</td><td>5.28x10^-1</td><td> 50</td>

<td> #14</td><td>Sn</td><td> 423</td><td> 21</td><td> 125</td><td> 470</td><td> 75</td><td> 1,07</td><td> 50</td>

<td> #15</td><td>Sn</td><td> 434</td><td> 22,5</td><td> 125</td><td> 470</td><td> 75</td><td> 1,07</td><td> 50</td>

<td> #16</td><td>Sn</td><td> 425</td><td> 22</td><td> 125</td><td> 470</td><td> 75</td><td>4.72x10^-1</td><td> 55</td>

<td> #18</td><td>ZnAl</td><td> 373</td><td> 22</td><td> 350</td><td> 570</td><td> 0</td><td>4.71x10^-1</td><td> 72</td>

<td> #20</td><td>Ag</td><td> 392</td><td> 7,3</td><td> 250</td><td> 0</td><td> 0</td><td>2.00x10 '¹</td><td> 18,8</td>

<td> #21</td><td>NiCr</td><td> 495</td><td> 8</td><td> 250</td><td> 75</td><td> 0</td><td>1.99x10^-1</td><td> 16,5</td>

<td> #23</td><td>Sn</td><td> 387</td><td> 24</td><td> 125</td><td> 500</td><td> 90</td><td>2.78x10^-1</td><td> 60</td>

<td> #25</td><td>Si</td><td> 486</td><td> 35</td><td> 350</td><td> 0</td><td> 675</td><td>6.04x10^-1</td><td> 72</td>

<td> #26</td><td>Si</td><td> 444</td><td> 35</td><td> 350</td><td> 0</td><td> 1200</td><td>6.04x10^-1</td><td> 79</td>

PL 200 138 B1

After coating 27 is sprayed onto substrate 1 with a thickness of 2.3 mm, theoretically monolithic measurements of the coated article are made. Then, the coated substrate including coating 27 and substrate 1 is combined with another 2.3 mm thick clear soda lime silica glass substrate 31 to form an insulating IG unit for Example 3. The solar properties are as follows:

Table 9

Solar performance of a monolithic glass and an insulating IG unit (Example 3)

<td>Property</td><td>Monolithic glass (Example 3)</td><td>Insulating glass unit (Example 3)</td>

<td>Tvis (or TY) (111.0.2 °):</td><td> 77%</td><td> 70%</td>

<td>a * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -3,25</td><td> -2,5</td>

<td>b * t (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 2,0</td><td> 2,0</td>

<td>RgY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 5%</td><td> 10%</td>

<td>a * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 1,0</td><td> -0,5</td>

<td>b * g (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -3,0</td><td> -2,0</td>

<td>RfY (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 4%</td><td> 11,5%</td>

<td>a * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> 1,5</td><td> -0,5</td>

<td>b * f (Ill. C, 2 °):</td><td> -4,0</td><td> -2,5</td>

Certain terms are commonly used in the glass coating art, particularly when they define the properties and solar management characteristics of the coated glass. Such terms are used herein in accordance with their well-known meaning. For example:

The intensity of the reflected light at visible wavelengths, ie "reflectance" is defined as its percentage and is denoted as RxY or Rx (ie the quantity Y quoted below in ASTM E-308-85), where "X" is either "G" for glass side, or "F" for film / coating side. The side of the glass (e.g., "G") is understood to be viewed from the side of the glass substrate which is opposite to that on which the coating is deposited, while the "film side" (i.e. "F") is understood as viewed from the side of the glass substrate on which the coating is deposited.

The color properties are assessed and reported herein using the a * and b * coordinates and the CIE LAB scale (i.e., a * b * diagram, "C" illuminant, CIE two-degree observer (the CIE a * b * diagram, CIE-C Illuminant , 2 degree observer)). Other similar coordinates may be equivalently used, such as a subscript "h" to denote the conventional use of the Hunter Lab Scale, or Ill.CIE-C, 10 ° observer, or the CIE LUV u * v * coordinates. These scales are defined herein in accordance with ASTM D-2244-93 "Standard Test Method for Calculation of Color Differences From Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates", extended by ASTM E-308 -85, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 06.01 "Standard Method for Computing the Colors of Objects by 10 Using the CIE System" and / or as stated in IES LIGHTING HANDBOOK 1981 Reference Volume.

The terms "emittance" and "transmittance" are well understood in the art and are used herein in accordance with their well-known meanings. Thus, for example, the term "transmittance" as used herein means solar transmittance, consisting of visible light transmittance (TY), infrared radiation transmittance, and ultraviolet radiation transmittance. Total solar energy transmittance (TS) is usually defined as a weighted average of these quantities. Regarding these transmittances, the visible transmittance of radiation as reported herein is determined using a standard "C" illuminant and a 2 degree observer (CIE Standard CIE Illuminant C), technique having wavelengths in the range 380-720 nm; near infrared radiation in the range of 720 - 2500 nm; ultraviolet radiation in the range of 300 - 800 nm and total solar radiation - in the range of 300 - 2500 nm. However, for the purposes of the emittance, a specific infrared range is used (ie 2,500 - 40,000 nm).

PL 200 138 B1

Known, conventional techniques may be used to achieve the effect of visible radiation transitional. For example, using a spectrophotometer such as a Perkin Elτer La ^ da 900 or Hitachi U4001, a transτ spectral curve is obtained. Then, using the above-mentioned τθtodology according to ASTM 308 / 2244-93, the percentage ratio in the visible range is calculated. If desired, a lower number of wavelength points than the specified one can be used. Another technique for the target of Visible Percentage Transτ is the use of a spectroτeter, such as the commercially available Spectrogard spectrophotometer manufactured by Pacific Scientific Corporation. This device directly indicates the visible transCtance and Cerzono as stated herein, at a time of visible percentage transCtance τ (i.e. Y values ​​in the tristimulus system (CIE, ASTM E-308-85), a "C" illuminator and a two-stage observer were used.

"ECtance" (E) is the Cara, or a property of both absorption and reflectance, of light at a given wavelength. When the transCtance is zero, which is approximately the case with float glass at wavelengths greater than 2500 πτ, the eCtance ™ can be represented by

E = 1 - reflectance,._τ.

For construction purposes, as outlined below, the value of eCtance becomes very important in the so-called τ "average range" ("Cd-range"), sometimes called τ "far range" IR widτa, i.e., of τ about 2500 - 40,000 πτ as exemplified in WINDOW 4.1 prograrn LBL-35298 (1994) issued by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. As used herein, the term "eCance" is used to refer to Cerzone values ​​in the tyτ range of the infrared range as given in the ASTM Standard E 1585-93 nomination for infrared energy to calculate eCance entitled "Standard Test Method for Measuring and Calculating ECttance of Architectural Flat Glass Products Using Radioτetric Measureτents ”. Noma ta and its provisions are hereby incorporated by reference. In this nomination, eCtion is defined as eCance / eCency hemispherical (E_h) and Nominal eCtance / ECC (E_n).

The actual accumulation of data for the fire of such eCency values ​​is conventional and can be done using, for example, a Beckrnan Model 4260 spectrophotometer with an appended τ "VW" (available from Beckrnan Scientific Inst. Corp.). This Cersia spectrophotometer shows the wavelength reflection, and then the eCtance is calculated using the above-mentioned ASTM E 1585-93 nomenclature, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Another term ofτ used here is the term "sheet resistance". Surface resistance (R_s) is the term τ is well known in the art and τ is used here in accordance with its well understoodτ meaning It is given in oτ per square Ω / π. Generally speaking, this term refers to the resistance in o τ of any square of a layer system on a glass τ substrate when an electric current flows through the layer system. Surface resistance is an indicator of how well a layer or layer system reflects infrared energy, and zateτ is often used along with eCtance as Cara of this property. For example, the "sheet resistance" ™ can be used by a conventional method using a 4-point sounding probe, such as a 4-point resistivity probe with a Magnetron Instruτents Corp. head, Model M-800, manufactured by Signatone Corp. of Santa Clara, California.

The terms "chemical stability" or "chemically stable" are used synonymously with the term C in the art "chewingly" or "chemically stable". Chemical stability is determined by cooking a 2 x 5 coated glass substrate sample in about 500 µm of 5% HCl solution (i.e., about 104.34 ° C) for one hour. If, after tyτ of one hour of cooking, the layering of the sample has no Τ3 visible discoloration or visible flaking, and no Τ3 pinholes with a diameter greater than 0.003, the sample is considered to pass this test (and the layering is "chelically stable" or is considered "permanent"). willingly "or" willing permanence ").

The term "mechanical durability" used in the present invention is defined by the following test. The test device uses the Pacific Scientific Abrasion Tester (or equivalent) in the test, the to the sample with dimensions 15.24 rn x 43.18 οτ, cyclically passes over the layer eτ of 500 cycles with a load of τ of 150 g. If no significant, noticeable scratches appear in the tyτ test when looking at the naked okieτ in visible light, the test is deemed to have been performed and the product is said to be "mechanically durable" or to have "mechanical durability".

PL 200 138 B1

The term "heat treatment" or "heat treatment" is understood to mean heating an article to a temperature sufficient to allow the glass-containing article to be tempered, bent, or thermally strengthened. The term includes, for example, heating a coated article to a temperature of at least about 592.74 ° C (e.g., to a temperature of from about 550 degrees C to 900 degrees C) for a period of time sufficient to permit tempering.

The term "U-value" or "U-factor" (synonymous with "thermal transmittance") is a term well understood in the art and is used herein in accordance with its well-known meaning. The "U value" is original (values ​​given in Table 4) converted to BTU / hr / ft²/ degrees F, and can be determined by the method called the "sheathed hot-box method" given in, and according to the method described in ASTM as C1199-91. Table 4 also shows approximate numerical values ​​of this quantity, calculated in SI units, corresponding to the European standard EN673.

The term "shading coefficient" (SC) is a term well understood in the art and is used herein in accordance with its well-known meaning. It is defined in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 142 "Standard Method for Determining and Expressing the Heat Transfer and Total Optical Properties of Fenestration Products" established by the ASHRAE Standards Project Committee, SPC 142, September 1995. SC can be obtained by dividing the heat gain factor by insolation ( SHGC) for about 0.87. Thus, the following formula can be used:

SC = SHGC / 0.87.

While the invention has been described with regard to what is presently believed to be the most applicable and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown, but will be able to make various modifications and equivalent arrangements thereto within the nature and scope of the invention. the scope of the appended patent claims.