Therapeutic nanoparticles comprising a therapeutic agent and methods of making and using same.
Abstract
The present disclosure generally relates to nanoparticles comprising a substantially hydrophobic acid and a therapeutic agent (1-(4-{[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]carbonyl}phenyl)-3-[4-( 4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl]urea), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a polymer. Other aspects include methods of making and using such nanoparticles.

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22 claims: 11 independent, 11 dependent
- 1REIVINDICACIONES 1. Una nanopartícula terapéutica que comprende:alrededor de 0.05 a alrededor de 30 por ciento en peso de un ácido 5 sustancialmente hidrófobo;alrededor de 0.2 a alrededor de 25 por ciento en peso de un agente terapéutico;donde el pK a del agente terapéutico protonado es por lo menos alrededor de 1.0 unidades pKa mayor que el pK a del ácido hidrófrobo;y alrededor de 50 a alrededor de 99.75 por ciento en peso de un polímero 10 seleccionado de copolímero de dibloque de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(et¡len)glicol o un copolímero de dibloque de poli(ácido láctico-ácido co-gl¡cól¡co)poli(etilen)glicol y sus combinaciones, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica comprende alrededor de 10 a alrededor de 30 por ciento en peso de poli(etilen)gl¡col, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(d¡metilam¡no)piper¡d¡n15 1—il]carbon¡l}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolin—4—11—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables.
- 2La nanopartícula terapéutica de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, que comprende:1 -(4-{[4-(dimet¡lamino)piperid¡n-1-il]carbonil}fenil)-3-[4-(4,6-dimorfol¡n20 4—¡1—1,3,5—triazin—2—¡l)fenil]urea;y PLA-PEG (en una relación molar de 16:5) en una relación en peso de alrededor de 1:7 1—(4—{[4—(dimetilam¡no)piperidin—1—¡l]carbonil}fen¡l)—3—[4—(4,6— dimorfol¡n-4-il-1,3,5-triaz¡n-2-¡l)fen¡l]urea:PLA-PEG. 215
- 3La nanopartícula terapéutica de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, que comprende:1-(4-{[4-(d¡met¡lam¡no)p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l]carbon¡l}fen¡l)-3-[4-(4,6-d¡morfol¡n4-11-1,3,5-trlaz¡n-2-il)fenll]urea;5 y PLA-PEG (en una relación molar de 16:5) en una relación en peso de alrededor de 1:14 de 1—(4—{[4—(d¡metilam¡no)p¡per¡din—1—il]carbon¡l}fen¡l)—3—[4— (4,6-dlmorfol¡n-4-¡l-1,3,5-trlaz¡n-2-¡l)fen¡l]urea:PLA-PEG.
- 4La nanopartícula terapéutica de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 que comprende:10 1—(4—{[4—(dimetllamino)piperidin—1—¡l]carbonll}fen¡l)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolin— 4-11-1,3,5-trlazl n—2—I l)fen 11] u rea;y PLA-PEG (en una relación molar de 16:5) en una relación en peso de alrededor de 1:3 de 1—(4—{[4—(d¡metilam¡no)piperidin—1—¡l]carbon¡l}fenil)—3—[4— (4,6-dimorfolln-4-11-1,3,5-triaz¡n-2-ll)fen¡l]urea:PLA-PEG. 15 5. Una nanopartícula terapéutica que comprende: alrededor de 0.2 a alrededor de 25 por ciento en peso de un agente terapéutico;un ácido sustanclalmente hidrófobo, donde la relación molar del ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo al agente terapéutico varía de alrededor de 0.25:1 a 20 alrededor de 2:1 y donde el pKa del agente terapéutico protonado es por lo menos alrededor de 1.0 unidades pKa mayor que el pK a del ácido hldrófrobo;y alrededor de 50 a alrededor de 99.75 por ciento en peso de un polímero seleccionado de copolímero de dibloque de ácido poli(láctlco)—poll(etllen)gl¡col o 216 un copolímero de dibloque de poli(ácido láctico-ácido co-glicólico)poli(etilen)glicol y sus combinaciones, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica comprende alrededor de 10 a alrededor de 30 por ciento en peso de pol¡(etilen)gl¡col, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilam¡no)piperid¡n5 1—il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfoiin—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables. 6. Una nanopartícula terapéutica que comprende: un ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo;un agente terapéutico;donde el pK a del agente terapéutico protonado es 10 por lo menos alrededor de 1.0 unidades pKa mayor que el pK a del ácido hidrófrobo;y un polímero seleccionado de copolímero de dibloque de ácido poli(láctico)poli(etilen)glicol o un copolímero de dibloque de poli(ácido láctico-ácido coglicólico)—poli(etilen)glicol y sus combinaciones, donde el agente terapéutico es 115 (4—{[4—(dimetilamino)piperidin—1—il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfoiin—4—¡I—1,3,5— triazin-2-il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables. 7. Una nanopartícula terapéutica que comprende: un agente terapéutico;un ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo, donde la relación molar del ácido 20 sustanclalmente hidrófobo al agente terapéutico varía de alrededor de 0.25:1 a alrededor de 2:1 y donde el pKa del agente terapéutico protonado es por lo menos alrededor de 1.0 unidades pKa mayor que el pK a del ácido hidrófrobo;y un polímero seleccionado de copolímero de dibloque de ácido poli(láctico)— 217 poli(etilen)gl¡col o un copolímero de dibloque de pol¡(ácido láctico-ácido coglicólico)—poli(etilen)glicol y sus combinaciones, y, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilamino)piper¡din-1-il]carbonil}fenil)-3-[4-(4,6-d¡morfol¡n-4-il1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables.
- 55 8. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 5 o 7, donde la relación molar del ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo al agente terapéutico es alrededor de 0.5:1 a alrededor de 1.5:1.
- 69. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 5 o 7, donde la relación molar del ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo al agente terapéutico es
- 710 alrededor de 0.25:1 a alrededor de 1:1. 10. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 5 o 7, donde la relación molar del ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo al agente terapéutico es alrededor de 0.75:1 a alrededor de 1.25:1.
- 811. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 115 10, donde el pK a del agente terapéutico protonado es por lo menos alrededor de 2.0 unidades pKa mayor que el pK a del ácido hidrófrobo.
- 912. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones ΙΙΟ, donde el pK a del agente terapéutico protonado es por lo menos alrededor de 4.0 unidades pKa mayor que el pK a del ácido hidrófrobo. 20
- 1013. Una nanopartícula terapéutica que comprende:un par de iones hidrófobos que comprende un ácido hidrófrobo y agente terapéutico: donde la diferencia entre el pKa del agente terapéutico protonado y el ácido hidrófrobo es por lo menos alrededor de 1.0 unidades pKa o mayor;y 218 alrededor de 50 a alrededor de 99.75 por ciento en peso de un copolímero de dibloque de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(et¡len)glicol, donde el copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(etilen)glicol tiene un peso molecular promedio en número de alrededor de 15 kDa a alrededor de 20 kDa de poli(ácido láctico) y un peso 5 molecular promedio en número de alrededor de 4 kDa a alrededor de 6 kDa de pol¡(etilen)gl¡col, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilam¡no)piperidin1—il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolin—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables.
- 1114. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 13, donde la 10 diferencia entre el pKa del agente terapéutico protonado y el ácido hidrófrobo es por lo menos alrededor de 2.0 unidades pKa.
- 1215. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 13, donde la diferencia entre el pKa del agente terapéutico protonado y el ácido hidrófrobo es por lo menos alrededor de 4.0 unidades pKa. 15
- 1316. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 14, 6 u 11-15, que comprende alrededor de 0.05 a alrededor de 20 por ciento en peso del ácido hidrófrobo.
- 1417. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 116, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo tiene un logP que varía de alrededor 20 de 2 a alrededor de 7.
- 1518. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 116, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo tiene un logP que varía de alrededor de 4 a alrededor de 8. 219
- 1619. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 118, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo tiene un pK a en agua de alrededor de -1.0 a alrededor de 5.0.
- 1720. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15 18, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo tiene un pK a en agua de alrededor de 2.0 a alrededor de 5.0.
- 1821. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 120, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo y el agente terapéutico forman un par de iones hidrófobos en la nanopartícula terapéutica. 10
- 1922. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 121, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es un ácido graso.
- 2023. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 22, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso saturado seleccionado del grupo que consiste en:ácido caproico, ácido enántico, ácido caprílico, ácido pelargónico, ácido cáprico, ácido 15 undecanoico, ácido láurico, ácido tridecílico, ácido mirístico, ácido pentadecílico, ácido palmítico, ácido margárico, ácido esteárico, ácido nonadecílico, ácido araquídico, ácido heneicosílico, ácido behénico, ácido tricosílico, ácido lignocérico, ácido pentacosílico, ácido cerótico, ácido heptacosílico, ácido montánico, ácido nonacosílico, ácido melísico, ácido henatriacontílico, ácido lacceroico, ácido 20 psílico, ácido gédico, ácido ceroplástico, ácido hexatriacontílico, y sus combinaciones.
- 2124. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 22, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso omega-3 seleccionado del grupo que consiste en:ácido 220 hexadecatrienoico, ácido alfa-linolénico, ácido estearidónico, ácido eicosatrienoico, ácido eicosatetraenoico, ácido eicosapentaenoico, ácido heneicosapentaenoico, ácido docosapentaenoico, ácido docosahexaenoico, ácido tetracosapentaenoico, ácido tetracosahexaenoico, y sus combinaciones. 5 25. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 22, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso omega-6 seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido linoleico, ácido gamma-linolénico, ácido eicosadienoico, ácido dihomo-gammalinolénico, ácido araquidónico, ácido docosadienoico, ácido adrénico, ácido docosapentaenoico, ácido tetracosatetraenoico, ácido tetracosapentaenoico, y sus 10 combinaciones. 26. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 22, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso omega-9 seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido oleico, ácido eicosenoico, ácido Mead, ácido erúcico, ácido nervónico, y sus combinaciones. 15 27. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 26, donde el ácido graso es ácido oleico. 28. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 27, donde la relación en peso de 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilamino)piperidin-1-il]carbonil}fen¡l)-3-[4(4,6—dimorfolin—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea un ácido oleico es alrededor de 20 6:1. 29. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 22, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso poliinsaturado seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido ruménico, ácido α-caléndico, ácido β-caléndico, ácido jacárico, ácido a221 eleosteárico, ácido β-eleoesteárico, ácido catálpico, ácido punícico, ácido rumelénico, ácido α-parinárico, ácido β-parinárico, ácido bosseo pentaenoico, ácido pinolénico, ácido podocárpico, y sus combinaciones. 30. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15 22, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es un ácido biliar. 31. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 30, donde el ácido biliar es seleccionado del grupo que consiste en ácido quenodesoxicólico, ácido ursodesoxicólico, ácido desoxicólico, ácido hicólico, ácido beta-muricólico, ácido cólico, ácido litocólico, un ácido biliar conjugado con aminoácido, y sus 10 combinaciones. 32. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 31, donde el ácido biliar es ácido cólico. 33. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 31, donde el ácido biliar conjugado con aminoácido es un ácido biliar conjugado con glicina o un 15 ácido biliar conjugado con taurina. 34. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 121, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es seleccionado del grupo que consiste en ácido dioctil sulfosuccínico, ácido 1-hidroxi-2-nafto¡co, ácido dodecilsulfúrico, ácido naftaleno-1,5-disulfónico, ácido naftaleno-2-sulfónico, ácido pamoico, ácido 20 undecanoico, y sus combinaciones. 35. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 34, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es ácido pamoico. 36. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 35, donde la 222 relación en peso de 1—(4—{[4—(d¡met¡lamin°)p¡peridin—1—iljcarboniljfenil)—3—[4— (4,6—dimorfolin—4—¡1—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea a ácido pamoico es alrededor de 1.8:1. 37. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15 36, que comprende alrededor de 1 a alrededor de 20 por ciento en peso del agente terapéutico. 38. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 136, que comprende alrededor de 2 a alrededor de 20 por ciento en peso del agente terapéutico. 10 39. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 136, que comprende alrededor de 4 a alrededor de 20 por ciento en peso del agente terapéutico. 40. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 136, que comprende alrededor de 5 a alrededor de 20 por ciento en peso del 15 agente terapéutico. 41. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 136, donde el ácido hidrófrobo tiene un peso molecular de entre alrededor de 200 Da y alrededor de 800 Da. 42. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones ΙΣΟ 41, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica retiene sustancialmente el agente terapéutico durante por lo menos 1 minuto cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 43. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1223 41, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera sustancialmente de inmediato menos de alrededor de 30% del agente terapéutico cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 44. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15 41, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 10 a alrededor de 45% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 1 hora cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 45. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 141, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 0.01 a alrededor de 10 15% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 4 horas cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 46. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 141, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 0.01 a alrededor de 15% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 10 horas cuando se coloca en 15 una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 47. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 141, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 0.01 a alrededor de 25% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 20 horas cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 20 48. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 141, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 1 a alrededor de 40% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 40 horas cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 224 49. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 141, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica tiene un perfil de liberación que es sustancialmente el mismo que un perfil de liberación para una nanopartícula de control que es sustancialmente igual a la nanopartícula terapéutica excepto que no 5 contiene un ácido graso o ácido biliar. 50. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 149, donde el copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(etilen)glicol tiene una fracción de peso molecular promedio en número de ácido poli(láotico) de alrededor de 0.6 a alrededor de 0.95. 10 51. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 149, donde el copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—polí(et¡len)glicol tiene una fracción de peso molecular promedio en número de ácido poli(láctico) de alrededor de 0.6 a alrededor de 0.8. 52. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 115 49, donde el copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)-poli(etilen)glicol tiene una fracción de peso molecular promedio en número de ácido poli(láctico) de alrededor de 0.75 a alrededor de 0.85. 53. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 149, donde el copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(etilen)glicol tiene una fracción 20 de peso molecular promedio en número de ácido poli(láctico) de alrededor de 0.7 a alrededor de 0.9. 54. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 153, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica comprende alrededor de 10 a alrededor de 225
- 2225 por ciento en peso de poli(etilen)glicol. 55. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 153, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica comprende alrededor de 10 a alrededor de 20 por ciento en peso de poli(etilen)glicol. 5 56. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 153, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica comprende alrededor de 15 a alrededor de 25 por ciento en peso de poli(etilen)glicol. 57. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 153, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica comprende alrededor de 20 a alrededor de 10 30 por ciento en peso de poli(etilen)glicol. 58. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 157, donde el copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(etilen)glicol tiene un peso molecular promedio en número de alrededor de 15 kDa a alrededor de 20 kDa de poli(ácido láctico) y un peso molecular promedio en número de alrededor de 4 kDa 15 a alrededor de 6 kDa de poli(etilen)glicol. 59. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 158, que además comprende alrededor de 0.2 a alrededor de 30 por ciento en peso de copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(etilen)glicol funcionalizado con un ligando de direccionamiento. 20 60. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 158, que además comprende alrededor de 0.2 a alrededor de 30 por ciento en peso de copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)—ácido co—poli(glicólíco)—poli(etilen)glicol funcionalizado con un ligando de direccionamiento. 226 61. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 59 o 60, donde el ligando de direccionamiento está covalentemente ligado al poli(etilen)glicol. 62. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 161, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es un polielectrólito. 5 63. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 62, donde el polielectrólito es seleccionado del grupo que consiste en un poli(ác¡do estireno sulfónlco), pollácldo pollacrílico y ácido polimetacríllco. 64. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 163, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo es una mezcla de dos o más ácidos 10 sustancialmente hidrófobos. 65. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 64, que comprende una mezcla de dos ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 66. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 65, donde los dos ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos son ácido oleico y ácido cólico. 15 67. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 64, que comprende una mezcla de tres ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 68. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 64, que comprende una mezcla de cuatro ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 69. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 64, que comprende 20 una mezcla de cinco ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 70. Una nanopartícula terapéutica preparada por el proceso que comprende las etapas de:la emulsión de una primera fase orgánica que comprende un primer 227 polímero, un agente terapéutico y un ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo, de modo de formar una fase de emulsión;el apagado de la fase de emulsión de modo de formar una fase apagada;y la filtración de la fase apagada a fin de recuperar las nanopartículas 5 terapéuticas, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimet¡lam¡no)piperid¡n-1il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolin—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables. 71. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 70, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es un ácido graso. 10 72. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 71, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso saturado seleccionado del grupo que consiste en;ácido caproico, ácido enántico, ácido caprílico, ácido pelargónico, ácido cáprico, ácido undecanoico, ácido láurico, ácido tridecílico, ácido mirístico, ácido pentadecílico, ácido palmítico, ácido margárico, ácido esteárico, ácido nonadecílico, ácido 15 araquídico, ácido heneicosílico, ácido behénico, ácido tricosílico, ácido lignocérico, ácido pentacosílico, ácido cerótico, ácido heptacosílico, ácido montánico, ácido nonacosílico, ácido melísico, ácido henatriacontílico, ácido lacceroico, ácido psílico, ácido gédico, ácido ceroplástico, ácido hexatriacontílico, y sus combinaciones. 20 73. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 71, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso omega-3 seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido hexadecatrienoico, ácido alfa—linolénico, ácido estearidónico, ácido eicosatrienoico, ácido eicosatetraenoico, ácido eicosapentaenoico, ácido 228 heneicosapentaenoico, ácido docosapentaenoico, ácido docosahexaenoico, ácido tetracosapentaenoico, ácido tetracosahexaenoico, y sus combinaciones. 74. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 71, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso omega-6 seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido linoleico, ácido gamma-linolénico, ácido eicosadienoico, ácido dihomo-gammalinolénico, ácido araquidónico, ácido docosadienoico, ácido adrénico, ácido docosapentaenoico, ácido tetracosatetraenoico, ácido tetracosapentaenoico, y sus combinaciones. 75. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 71, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso omega-9 seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido oleico, ácido eicosenoico, ácido Mead, ácido erúcico, ácido nervónico, y sus combinaciones. 76. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 75, donde el ácido graso es ácido oleico. 77. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 71, donde el ácido graso es un ácido graso poliinsaturado seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: ácido ruménico, ácido α-caléndico, ácido β-caléndico, ácido jacárico, ácido aeleosteárico, ácido β-eleoesteárico, ácido catálpico, ácido punícico, ácido rumelénico, ácido α-parinárico, ácido β-parinárico, ácido bosseo pentaenoico, ácido pinolénico, ácido podocárpico, y sus combinaciones. 78. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es un ácido biliar. 79. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 78, donde el ácido 229 biliar es seleccionado del grupo que consiste en ácido quenodesoxicólico, ácido ursodesoxicólico, ácido desoxicólico, ácido hicólico, ácido beta-muricólico, ácido cólico, ácido litocólico, un ácido biliar conjugado con aminoácido, y sus combinaciones. 5 80. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 79, donde el ácido biliar es ácido cólico. 81. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 79, donde el ácido biliar conjugado con aminoácido es un ácido biliar conjugado con glicina o un ácido biliar conjugado con taurina. 10 82. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es seleccionado del grupo que consiste en ácido dioctil sulfosuccínico, ácido 1-hidrox¡-2-naftoico, ácido dodecilsulfúrico, ácido naftaleno-1,5-disulfónico, ácido naftaleno-2-sulfónico, ácido pamoico, ácido undecanoico, y sus combinaciones. 15 83. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 82, donde el ácido hidrófrobo es ácido pamoico. 84. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70—83, donde el ácido hidrófrobo tiene un peso molecular de entre alrededor de 200 Da y alrededor de 800 Da. 20 85. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica retiene sustancialmente el agente terapéutico durante por lo menos 1 minuto cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 230 86. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera sustancialmente de inmediato menos de alrededor de 30% del agente terapéutico cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 5 87. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 10 a alrededor de 45% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 1 hora cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 88. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 10 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 0.01 a alrededor de 15% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 4 horas cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 89. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 0.01 a alrededor de 15 15% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 10 horas cuando se coloca en una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 90. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 0.01 a alrededor de 25% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 20 horas cuando se coloca en 20 una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 91. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica libera alrededor de 1 a alrededor de 40% del agente terapéutico durante alrededor de 40 horas cuando se coloca en 231 una solución de regulador de fosfato a 37°C. 92. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-84, donde la nanopartícula terapéutica tiene un perfil de liberación que es sustancialmente el mismo que un perfil de liberación para una nanopartícula de 5 control que es sustancialmente igual a la nanopartícula terapéutica excepto que no contiene un ácido graso o ácido biliar. 93. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-92, donde el primer polímero es copolímero de ácido poli(láctico)— poli(etilen)glicol. 10 94. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-92, donde el primer polímero es copolímero de ácido poli(láct¡co)-ácldo copoli(glicólico)—poli(etilen)glicol. 95. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 70-94, donde el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo es una mezcla de dos o más 15 ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 96. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 95, que comprende una mezcla de dos ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 97. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 95, que comprende una mezcla de tres ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 20 98. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 95, que comprende una mezcla de cuatro ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 99. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 95, que comprende una mezcla de cinco ácidos sustancialmente hidrófobos. 232 100. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1, 5-93, o 95-99 donde el polímero es PLA-PEG, y la relación molar de PLA-PEG es 5:1. 101. Una nanopartícula terapéutica preparada por el proceso que 5 comprende las etapas de: la combinación de una primera fase orgánica con una primera solución acuosa para formar una segunda fase;la emulsión de la segunda fase a fin de formar una fase de emulsión, donde la fase de emulsión comprende un primer polímero, agente terapéutico, y un ácido 10 sustancialmente hidrófobo;el apagado de la fase de emulsión de modo de formar una fase apagada;y la filtración de la fase apagada a fin de recuperar las nanopartículas terapéuticas, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilamino)piperidin-1il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolín—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea, la primera 15 fase orgánica comprende el agente terapéutico y ácido pamoico en una relación en peso de agente terapéutico a ácido pamoico de alrededor de 11:1, y PLA-PEG (en una relación molar de 16:5) en una relación en peso de agente terapéutico a PLA-PEG de alrededor de 1:3, en un solvente orgánico que comprende bencil alcohol y etil acetato en una relación en peso de bencil alcohol a etil acetato de 20 alrededor de 1.25;y la primera solución acuosa comprende un polioxietileno (100) estearil éter disuelto en bencil alcohol en una relación en peso de 0.005:1;y la combinación de la primera fase orgánica y la primera fase acuosa en una relación en peso de alrededor de 1:5 para formar una segunda fase;la emulsión de la 233 segunda fase de allí formada, y el apagado de la fase de emulsión con ácido cítrico, 0,1 M, en solución acuosa a pH 4.5;y la concentración del producto resultante. 102. Una nanopartícula terapéutica de 1-(4-¿[4-(dimetilamino)p¡perid¡n5 1—il]carbonil}fenil)—3-[4-(4,6-dimorfolin-4-il—1,3,5-triazin-2-il)fenil]urea o su sal farmacéuticamente aceptable. 103. Una nanopartícula terapéutica que comprende un agente terapéutico o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables y un polímero seleccionado de copolímero de dibloque de ácido poli(láctico)—poli(etilen)glicol o un copolímero de 10 dibloque de pol¡(ác¡do láctlco-ácido co—glicólico)—poli(etilen)glicol y sus combinaciones, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilamino)piperidin1—il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolin—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables. 104. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 115 69, 102, o 103, donde se presenta adicionalmente un ligando de direccionamiento, que es PLA-PEG-GL, donde GL tiene la siguiente estructura: ¿NH 105. La nanopartícula terapéutica de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-69 o 102-104, que además comprende un solubilizador. 20 106. La nanopartícula terapéutica de acuerdo con la reivindicación 105, 234 donde el solubilizador es polisorbato 80. 107. La nanopartícula terapéutica de la reivindicación 105, donde el solubilizador es polioxletlleno (100) estearil éter. 108. La nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15 107, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilamino)piperidin-1il]carbonil}fenil)—3-[4-(4,6-dimorfolin-4- ¡1-1,3,5-triazin—2-¡l)fenil]urea. 109. Una composición farmacéutica que comprende una nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-108 y un excipiente farmacéuticamente aceptable. 10 110. La composición farmacéutica de la reivindicación 109 que comprende una pluralidad de nanopartículas terapéuticas. 111. La composición farmacéutica de la reivindicación 109 o 110, que además comprende un sacárido. 112. La composición farmacéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15 109-111, que además comprende una ciclodextrina. 113. La composición farmacéutica de las reivindicaciones 111 o 112, donde el sacárido es un disacárido seleccionado del grupo que consiste en sacarosa, trehalosa y una de sus mezclas. 114. Un método de tratamiento de cáncer en un sujeto que lo necesita, 20 que comprende la administración, al sujeto, de una cantidad terapéuticamente eficaz de una nanopartícula terapéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1108 o una composición farmacéutica de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 109113. 235 115. El método de la reivindicación 114, donde el cáncer es leucemia mielógena crónica. 116. El método de la reivindicación 114, donde el cáncer es tumor estromal gastrointestinal. 5 117. El método de la reivindicación 114, donde el cáncer es seleccionado del grupo que consiste en leucemia mielomonocítica crónica, síndrome hipereosinófilo, carcinoma de célula renal, carcinoma hepatocelular, leucemia linfoblástica aguda positiva para el cromosoma de Philadelphia, cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas, cáncer pancreático, cáncer de mama, un tumor sólido, 10 cáncer de cabeza y cuello y linfoma de células de manto. 118. El método de la reivindicación 117, donde el cáncer es cáncer de mama. 119. Un proceso para la preparación de una nanopartícula terapéutica, que comprende las etapas de: 15 la combinación de una primera fase orgánica con una primera solución acuosa para formar una segunda fase;la emulsión de la segunda fase a fin de formar una fase de emulsión, donde la fase de emulsión comprende un primer polímero, agente terapéutico y un ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo;20 el apagado de la fase de emulsión de modo de formar una fase apagada;y la filtración de la fase apagada a fin de recuperar las nanopartículas terapéuticas, donde el agente terapéutico es 1-(4-{[4-(dimetilamino)piperidin-1il]carbonil}fenil)—3—[4—(4,6—dimorfolin—4—il—1,3,5—triazin—2—il)fenil]urea o una de 236 sus sales farmacéuticamente aceptables. 120. El proceso de la reivindicación 119, que además comprende la combinación del agente terapéutico y el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo en la segunda fase antes de la emulsión de la segunda fase. 5 121. El proceso de la reivindicación 120, donde el agente terapéutico y el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo forman un par de Iones hidrófobos antes de la emulsión de la segunda fase. 122. El proceso de la reivindicación 120, donde el agente terapéutico y el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo forman un par de iones hidrófobos antes o 10 durante la emulsión de la segunda fase. 123. El proceso de la reivindicación 119, que además comprende la combinación del agente terapéutico y el ácido sustanclalmente hidrófobo en la segunda fase en forma sustancialmente concurrente con la emulsión de la segunda fase. 15 124. El proceso de la reivindicación 119, donde el primera fase orgánica comprende el agente terapéutico, y la primera solución acuosa comprende el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo. 125. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 119-124, donde el agente terapéutico, cuando es protonado, tiene un primer pK a , el ácido 20 sustancialmente hidrófobo tiene un segundo pK a , y la fase de emulsión es apagada con una solución acuosa que tiene un pH Igual a una unidad pKa entre el primer pK a y el segundo pK a . 126. El proceso de la reivindicación 125, donde la fase apagada tiene un 237 pH igual a una unidad pKa entre el primer pK a y el segundo pK a . 127. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 119-126, donde el agente terapéutico, cuando es protonado, tiene un primer pK a , el ácido sustancialmente hidrófobo tiene un segundo pK a , y la primera solución acuosa 5 tiene un pH igual a una unidad pKa entre el primer pK a y el segundo pK a . 128. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 125-127, donde el pH es igual a una unidad pKa que es aproximadamente equidistante entre el primer pK a y el segundo pK a . 129. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 119-128, donde el 10 agente terapéutico es 1—(4—{[4—(d¡met¡lamino)piper¡din—1—il]carbonil}fen¡l)—3—[4— (4,6—dimorfolin—4—íl—1,3,5—triazin—2—¡l)fen¡l]urea. 238
Independent claims22
850 paragraphs in 22 sections, as filed
(54) Title: THERAPEUTIC NANOPARTICLES THAT INCLUDE A THERAPEUTIC AGENT, AND METHODS FOR ITS PREPARATION AND USE.
(54) Title: THERAPEUTIC NANOPARTICLES COMPRISING A THERAPEUTIC AGENT AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME.
(57) Summary
The present disclosure generally relates to nanoparticles comprising a substantially hydrophobic acid and a therapeutic agent (1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- (4- (4, 6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea), or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and a polymer Other aspects include methods of making and using said nanoparticles.
(57) Abstract
The present disclosure generally relates to nanoparticles comprising a substantially hydrophobic acid and a therapeutic agent (1- (4 - {[4- (dimelhylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6- dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2yl) phenyl (urea), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a polymer. Other aspects inelude methods of making and using such nanoparticles.
THERAPEUTIC NANOPARTICLES INCLUDING A THERAPEUTIC AGENT, AND METHODS FOR ITS PREPARATION AND USE
RELATED REQUESTS
This request claims the benefit of the Provisional Request of the
United States 61 / 953,628, filed March 14, 2014, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND
Systems that deliver certain drugs to a patient (for example, target a particular cell type or tissue, or target a specific diseased tissue, but not normal tissue) or that control drug release have long been recognized as beneficial.
For example, therapeutic agents that include an active drug and, for example, target a particular tissue or cell type, or target a specific diseased tissue, but not normal tissue, can reduce the amount of the drug. in body tissues to which they are not directed. This is particularly important when treating a condition such as cancer, where it is desirable that a cytotoxic dose of the drug be delivered to the cancer cells, without killing the surrounding non-cancerous tissue. Effective drug targeting can reduce the undesirable, and sometimes life-threatening, side effects common in cancer therapy. Furthermore, such therapeutic agents can allow drugs to reach certain tissues that they otherwise would not be able to reach.
Therapeutic agents that offer controlled release and / or targeted therapy must also be able to deliver an effective amount of drug, which is a known limitation in other nanoparticle delivery systems. For example, it may be a challenge to prepare nanoparticle systems that have an appropriate amount of drug associated with each nanoparticle, while keeping the nanoparticle size small enough to possess convenient delivery properties.
Therapeutic agents that contain at least one basic nitrogen atom (i.e., protonable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agents) represent a significant group of therapeutic agents. However, nanoparticle formulations of this class of drugs are often hampered by undesirable properties, for example, unfavorable sudden release profiles and poor drug loading.
Accordingly, there is a need to formulate nanoparticle therapeutic agents and methods for making such nanoparticles that are capable of delivering therapeutic levels of protonatable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases such as cancer, while at the same time , reduce side effects on the patient.
The present invention relates to a therapeutic nanoparticle of the therapeutic drug, 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbonyl} phenil) -3- [4 (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. More specifically, the present invention relates to a therapeutic nanoparticle comprising 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3- [4- (4,6-dimorfolin-4-y I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and further comprising a substantially hydrophobic acid. Additionally, the present invention relates to a therapeutic nanoparticle comprising 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin-4— yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a substantially hydrophobic acid, and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol duplex copolymer, a poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. The present invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising said nanoparticles, including a plurality of said nanoparticles, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a therapeutic nanoparticle comprising about 0.05 to about 30 weight percent of a substantially hydrophobic acid, about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1 , 3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and about 50 to about 99.75 weight percent of a copolymer selected from poly (lactic) acid-poly diblock copolymer ( ethylene) glycol, a diblock copolymer of poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol, as well as a pharmaceutical composition comprising the therapeutic nanoparticle and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention further relates to a therapeutic nanoparticle comprising about 0.05 to about 30 weight percent of a substantially hydrophobic acid, about 0.2 to about 20 weight percent of 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piperidin — 1 — l] carbonyl l phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin — 2-l) phenyl] urea or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a copolymer selected from poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer, a poly (lactic acid-glycolic co-acid) diblock copolymer - poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol, as well as a pharmaceutical composition comprising the therapeutic nanoparticle and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
Polymeric nanoparticles are described in this application that include the therapeutic agent, 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡IJcarbon¡l} fen¡l) -3- [4 (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. This compound is basic, and is a protonable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent, as defined below. Also described in the present application are methods of making and using said therapeutic nanoparticles.
In one aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle is provided. In this regard, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 0.05 to about 30 weight percent of a substantially hydrophobic acid, about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin -15 yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, where the pK value<sub>to</sub> of the protonated form of the therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 units pKa greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid, and about 50 to about 99.75 weight percent of a copolymer selected from poly (lactic) acid diblock copolymer — poly (ethylene) glycol, a co-poly (lactic acid diblock copolymer) glycol) —poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. In one embodiment, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 0.05 to about 30 weight percent of a substantially hydrophobic acid, about 0.2 to about 20 weight percent of 1— (4 - {[4— (d Methylamine) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl-phenyl) —3— [4— (4<sub>J</sub>6-d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, where the pK value<sub>to</sub> of the protonated form of the therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pK units<sub>to</sub> greater than pK<sub>to</sub> of the hydrophobic acid, and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a copolymer selected from poly (lactic) acid diblock copolymer — poly (ethylene glycol), poly (lactic acid-co-acid diblock copolymer) glycolic) —poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1 (4 [4- (dimethylamine) piperIdin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4.6- <Jimorfolin- 4-yl-1,3,55 triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 7 (therapeutic agent: PLA- PEG). In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1- (4 - {[4 (d-methylamino) p¡per¡d¡n-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6- d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 5 (agent Therapeutic: PLA-PEG). In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (d-methylamino) piperidin — 1 — l] carbonyl] phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfoiin— 4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 4 (therapeutic agent: PLA- PEG). In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1- (4 - {[4 (dimethylamine) piperidin-1-yl] carbonii} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfoiin-4-yl-1, 3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1:14 (therapeutic agent: PLA-PEG). In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1- (4 - [[420 (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfoiin-4-yl-1, 3,5 — triazin—
2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 3 (therapeutic agent: PLA-PEG).
In another aspect, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises a substantially hydrophobic acid, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the mentioned therapeutic agent ranges from about 0.25: 1 to about 2: 1, about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent of the mentioned therapeutic agent, where pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units greater than pK<sub>to</sub> of hydrophobic acid, and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a polymer selected from poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer, poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid diblock copolymer) ) —Poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. In one embodiment, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises a substantially hydrophobic acid, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the aforementioned therapeutic agent ranges from about 0.25: 1 to about 2: 1; about 0.2 to about 20 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent, where the pK value<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pK units<sub>to</sub> greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid, and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a polymer selected from poly (lactic) acid poly diblock copolymer - poly (ethylene) glycol, poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid diblock copolymer) ) poly (ethylene) giicol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises a substantially hydrophobic acid and the aforementioned therapeutic agent, where pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid, and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer or a poly (lactic acid-coglycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer and combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the aforementioned therapeutic agent, a substantially hydrophobic acid, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the therapeutic agent ranges from about 0.25: 1 to about 2: 1 and where the pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units greater than pK<sub>to</sub> of the hydrophobic acid, and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer or a poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer and combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the named therapeutic agent is about 0.5: 1 to about 1.5: 1. In certain embodiments, the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the named therapeutic agent is about
0.75: 1 to about 1.25: 1. In certain embodiments, the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the named therapeutic agent is about 0.25: 1 to about 1: 1.
In certain embodiments, the pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated form of the aforementioned therapeutic agent is at least about 2.0 units pKa greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid. In other embodiments, the pK<sub>to </sub>of the protonated form of the aforementioned therapeutic agent is at least about 4.0 units pKa greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid.
In another aspect, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises a pair of hydrophobic ions comprising a hydrophobic acid and the aforementioned therapeutic agent; where the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated form of the aforementioned therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid is at least about 1.0 pKa units, and about 50 to about 99.75 weight percent of a poly (lactic) poly (ethylene) diblock copolymer glycol, wherein the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight of about 15 kDa to about 20 kDa of poly (lactic acid) and a number average molecular weight of about 4 kDa to about 6 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol. In certain embodiments of this aspect of the invention, the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated form of the aforementioned therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid is at least about 2.0 pKa units. In other embodiments, the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated form of the aforementioned therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid is at least about 4.0 pKa units.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 0.05 to about 20 weight percent of the hydrophobic acid.
In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a P log of about 2 to about 8, where P is the octanol / water partition coefficient of the hydrophobic acid. In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a P log of about 4 to about 8. In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a P log of about 2 to about 7.
In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a pK<sub>to</sub> in water from about -1.0 to about 5.0. In other embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a pK<sub>to</sub> in water from about 2.0 to about 5.0.
In certain embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid and the aforementioned therapeutic agent form a pair of hydrophobic ions in the therapeutic nanoparticle.
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid is a fatty acid. For example, in certain embodiments, the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid, including, without limitation, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecylic acid, acid Myristic, Pentadecyl Acid, Palmitic Acid, Margaric Acid, Stearic Acid, Nonadecyl Acid, Arachidic Acid, Heneicosyl Acid, Behenic Acid, Tricosyl Acid, Lignoceric Acid, Pentacosyl Acid, Cerotic Acid, heptacosilic acid, montanic acid, nonacosilic acid, melisic acid, henatriacontylic acid, lacceroic acid, psyllic acid, gedic acid, ceroplastic acid, hexatriacontylic acid, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the fatty acid is an omega-3 fatty acid, which includes, without limitation, hexadecatrienoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, heneicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, tetracosahexaenoic acid, or combinations thereof. In still other embodiments, the fatty acid is an omega-6 fatty acid, which includes, without limitation, linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, docosadiene acid, adrenic acid. , docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosatetraenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, or combinations thereof. In certain other embodiments, the fatty acid is an omega-9 fatty acid, which includes, without limitation, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, Mead acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the fatty acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, which includes, but is not limited to, rumenic acid, α-calendic acid, β-calendic acid, jacaric acid, α-eleestoaric acid, β-eleestoaric acid, catalytic acid, Punicic Acid, Rumelenic Acid, Aparinaric Acid, β-Parinaric Acid, Bossa Pentaenoic Acid, Pinolenic Acid, Podoprapic Acid, or combinations thereof.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid is a bile acid. For example, in some embodiments, bile acid includes, without limitation, chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, phenolic acid, beta-muricolic acid, cholic acid, lithocolic acid, an amino acid conjugated bile acid, or combinations thereof. . In some embodiments, bile acid is cholic acid. In other embodiments, the amino acid conjugated bile acid is a glycine conjugated bile acid, or a taurine conjugated bile acid.
In certain embodiments, hydrophobic acid includes, without limitation, 5-dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid, naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, pamoic acid, acid undecanoic, or combinations thereof.
In other embodiments, the hydrophobic acid has a molecular weight of between about 200 Da and about 800 Da.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid is pamoic acid. In other embodiments, the hydrophobic acid is oleic acid. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— ( 4,6-d imorfolin-4-I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea an oleic acid is about 6: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl1, 3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea to pamoic acid is about 1.8: 1.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 1 to about 15 weight percent of the above-mentioned therapeutic agent. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 2 to about 20 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 2 to about 15 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent. In still other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 4 to about 20 weight percent of the therapeutic agent mentioned above. In still other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 4 to about 15 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent. In certain other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 5 to about 20 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent. In certain other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 5 to about 10 weight percent of the aforementioned therapeutic agent.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle substantially retains the therapeutic agent for at least 1 minute when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle substantially immediately releases less than about 30% of the therapeutic agent when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In certain other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 10 to about 45% of the therapeutic agent for about 1 hour when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 15% of the therapeutic agent for about 4 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 15% of the therapeutic agent for about 10 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 25% of the therapeutic agent for about 20 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 1 to about 40% of the therapeutic agent for about 40 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C. In still other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle has a release profile that is substantially the same as a release profile for a control nanoparticle that is substantially the same as the therapeutic nanoparticle, except that it does not contain a fatty acid or bile acid.
In certain embodiments, the poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a poly (lactic acid) number average molecular weight fraction of from about 0.6 to about 0.95. In certain other embodiments, the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of from about 0.6 to about 0.8. In still other embodiments, the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of from about 0.75 to about 0.85. In other embodiments, the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of from about 0.7 to about 0.9.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 25 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. In certain other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 20 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. In still other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 15 to about 25 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 20 to about 30 percent by weight of poly (ethylene) glycol.
In certain embodiments, the poly (lactic) acid - poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight of about 15 kDa to about 20 kDa poly (lactic acid) and a number average molecular weight from about 4 kDa to about 6 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle further comprises about 0.2 to about 30 weight percent poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer functionalized with a targeting ligand. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle further comprises about 0.2 to about 30 percent by weight of poly (lactic) acid-co-poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer functionalized with a targeting ligand . In certain embodiments, the targeting ligand is covalently linked to poly (ethylene) glycol.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid is a polyelectrolyte. For example, in some embodiments, the polyelectrolyte includes, without limitation, poly (styrene sulfonic acid), polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, or combinations thereof.
In certain embodiments, a contemplated therapeutic nanoparticle further comprises a mixture of two or more substantially hydrophobic acids. For example, in some embodiments, a contemplated therapeutic nanoparticle comprises a mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids, a mixture of three substantially hydrophobic acids, a mixture of four substantially hydrophobic acids, or a mixture of five substantially hydrophobic acids. In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid mixture comprises oleic acid and cholic acid. In other embodiments, the mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids are oleic acid and cholic acid.
In another aspect, the therapeutic nanoparticle is prepared by means of the emulsion of a first organic phase comprising a first polymer, the aforementioned therapeutic agent, and a substantially hydrophobic acid, so as to form an emulsion phase; quenching of the emulsion phase, so as to form a quenched phase, and finally, filtration of the quenched phase to recover therapeutic nanoparticles.
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is a fatty acid. For example, in certain embodiments, the fatty acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is a saturated fatty acid that includes, without limitation, caproic acid, enantic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, acid Lauric, Tridecyl Acid, Myristic Acid, Pentadecyl Acid, Palmitic Acid, Margaric Acid, Stearic Acid, Nonadecyl Acid, Arachidic Acid, Heneicosyl Acid, Behenic Acid, Tricosyl Acid, Lignoceric Acid, Pentacosylic Acid, Cerotic Acid, Heptacosilic Acid, Montanic Acid, Nonacosyl Acid, Melisic Acid, Henatriaconythyl Acid, Lacceroic Acid, Psyllic Acid, Gedic Acid, Ceroplastic Acid, Hexatriacontyl Acid, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the fatty acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is an omega-3 fatty acid that includes, without limitation, hexadecatrienoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, heneicosapentaenoic acid , docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, tetracosahexaenoic acid, or combinations thereof. In still other embodiments, the fatty acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is an omega-6 fatty acid that includes, without limitation, linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, eicosadiene acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, acid arachidonic, docosadienoic acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosatetraenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, or combinations thereof. In certain other embodiments, the fatty acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is an omega-9 fatty acid that includes, without limitation, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, Mead acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the fatty acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that includes, without limitation, rumenic acid, α-calendic acid, β-calendic acid, jacaric acid, α-eleestoaric acid, acid β-Elerestearic Acid, Cathalpic Acid, Punicic Acid, Rumelenic Acid, α-Parinaric Acid, β-Parinaric Acid, Bosseo Pentaenoic Acid, Pinolenic Acid, Podopárpic Acid, or combinations thereof.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is a bile acid that includes, without limitation, chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, hicolic acid, beta-muricolic acid, cholic acid, lithocolic acid, an amino acid conjugated bile acid, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, bile acid is cholic acid. In other embodiments, the amino acid conjugated bile acid is a glycine conjugated bile acid or a taurine conjugated bile acid.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle includes, without limitation, dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, naphthalene 1,5-disulfonic acid, naphthalene-2- sulfonic, pamoic acid, undecanoic acid, or combinations thereof.
In other embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle has a molecular weight of between about 200 Da and about 800 Da.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is pamoic acid. In other embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is oleic acid. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin- 4-yl1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea an oleic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is about 6: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl— 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea a pamoic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is about 1.8: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin-110 yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea an oleic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is 6: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-d imorfolin-4-yl —1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea a pamoic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is 1.8: 1.
In certain embodiments, the first polymer used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is poly (lactic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer. In other embodiments, the first polymer is poly (lactic) acid-co-poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer. In certain embodiments, the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of from about 0.6 to about 0.95. In certain other embodiments, the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of from about 0.6 to about 0.8.
In still other embodiments, the poly (lactic) poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a poly (lactic acid) number average molecular weight fraction of from about 0.75 to about 0.85. In other embodiments, the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of from about 0.7 to about 0.9.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is prepared using about 10 to about 25 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol. In certain other embodiments, about 10 to about 20 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol are used. In still other embodiments, about 15 to about 25 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol are used. In other embodiments, about 20 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol are used.
In certain embodiments, the poly (lactic) acid - poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle has a number average molecular weight of about 15 kDa to about 20 kDa of poll (lactic acid ) and a number average molecular weight of about 4 kDa to about 6 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is prepared by additional functionalization of about 0.2 to about 30 percent by weight of poly (lactic) acid copolymer (poly (ethylene) glycol with a targeting ligand. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is prepared by additional functionalization of about
0.2 to about 30 weight percent copolymer of poly (lactic) acid co-poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) glycol with a targeting ligand. In certain embodiments, the targeting ligand is covalently linked to poly (ethylene) glycol.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid used in the preparation of the therapeutic nanoparticle is a polyelectrolyte. For example, in some embodiments, the polyelectrolyte includes, without limitation, a poly (styrene sulfonic acid), polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, or combinations thereof.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is prepared using a mixture of two or more substantially hydrophobic acids. For example, in some embodiments, a mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids, a mixture of three substantially hydrophobic acids, a mixture of four substantially hydrophobic acids, or a mixture of five substantially hydrophobic acids can be used to prepare a therapeutic nanoparticle. In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid mixture comprises oleic acid and cholic acid. In other embodiments, the mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids are oleic acid and cholic acid.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the PLA-PEG polymer, and the PLA-PEG molar ratio is about 5.Ί.
In some embodiments, a therapeutic nanoparticle is prepared by the process of combining a first organic phase with a first aqueous solution to form a second phase; the second phase emulsion in order to form an emulsion phase, where the emulsion phase comprises a first polymer, therapeutic agent, and a substantially hydrophobic acid; quenching the emulsion phase so as to form a quenched phase; and filtration of the quenched phase in order to recover the therapeutic nanoparticles, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6 —Dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, the first organic phase comprises the therapeutic agent and pamoic acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid of about 11: 1, and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to
PLA-PEG of about 1: 3, in an organic solvent comprising benzyl alcohol and etii acetate in a weight ratio of benzyl alcohol to ethyl acetate of about 1.25, and the first aqueous solution comprises a polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether dissolved in benzyl alcohol in a weight ratio of 0.005: 1; and combining the first organic phase and the first aqueous phase in a weight ratio of about 1: 5 to form a second phase; and the emulsion of the second phase formed there and the quenching of the emulsion phase with citric acid, 0.1 M, in aqueous solution at pH 4.5; and the concentration of the resulting product.
In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the aforementioned therapeutic agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer or a poly (lactic acid diblock) copolymer. -coglycolic acid) —poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle has an additionally targeting ligand present, and the ligand is PLA-PEGGL, where GL has the following structure:
NH
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0001.tif" />
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle further comprises a solubilizer. In certain embodiments, the solubilizer is polysorbate 80. In other embodiments, the solubilizer is polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6dimorpholin-4-yl) 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, pamoic acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid of about 1.8: 1, PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLAPEG of about 1: 3, and PLA-PEG-GL in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 44: 1. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises a solubilizer. In certain such embodiments, the solubilizer is polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1— (4 - ([4— (dimethylamine) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6— dimorpholin- 4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, oleic acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to oleic acid of about 6: 1, PLA-PEG (in a molar ratio of 16: 5) at a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of about 1: 7, and PLA-PEG-GL in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 46: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises cholic acid. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises a solubilizer. In certain such embodiments, the solubilizer is polysorbate 80.
In yet another aspect, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutic nanoparticle described in this application and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutical composition may comprise a plurality of contemplated therapeutic nanoparticles.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a saccharide. For example, in some embodiments, the saccharide is a disaccharide selected from the group consisting of sucrose or trehalose, or one of their mixtures.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a cyclodextrin. For example, in some embodiments, cyclodextrin includes, without limitation, acyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ20 cyclodextrin, heptaks, (2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl) -3- cyclodextrin, heptakis- (2,3,6-triO-benzoyl) -pc, cyclodextrin, or mixtures thereof.
In another aspect, a method of treating cancer is provided in a subject in need. The method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition as described in the present application. In some embodiments, the cancer is chronic myelogenous leukemia. In certain embodiments, the cancer includes, without limitation, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, hypereosinophilic syndrome, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, cancer breast, a solid tumor, mantle cell lymphoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, or head and neck cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is breast cancer.
In yet another aspect, a method of treating a gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a subject in need is provided by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition as described in this application.
In yet another aspect, a process is provided for the preparation of a therapeutic nanoparticle, the process comprising combining a first organic phase with a first aqueous solution to form a second phase; the second phase emulsion in order to form an emulsion phase, where the emulsion phase comprises a first polymer, the aforementioned therapeutic agent, and a substantially hydrophobic acid; followed by quenching of the emulsion phase to form a quenched phase, and finally filtration of the quenched phase to recover therapeutic nanoparticles.
In some embodiments, the process further comprises the combination of the aforementioned therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid in the second phase prior to the emulsion of the second phase. In certain embodiments, the aforementioned therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid form a pair of hydrophobic ions before the second phase emulsion. In certain other embodiments, the aforementioned therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid form a pair of hydrophobic ions during the second phase emulsion. In certain embodiments, the process further comprises the combination of the aforementioned therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid in the second phase in substantially concurrent form with the emulsion of the second phase. For example, in some embodiments, the first organic phase comprises the aforementioned therapeutic agent, and the first aqueous solution comprises the substantially hydrophobic acid.
In some embodiments, the aforementioned therapeutic agent, when protonated, has a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the emulsion phase is quenched with an aqueous solution that has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. For example, in certain embodiments, the quenched phase has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In other embodiments, the aforementioned therapeutic agent, when protonated, has a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the first aqueous solution has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to </sub>between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In certain other embodiments, the pH is equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> which is approximately equidistant between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
In some embodiments, the aforementioned therapeutic agent, when protonated, has a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the emulsion phase is quenched with an aqueous solution that has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. For example, in certain embodiments, the quenched phase has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In other embodiments, the aforementioned therapeutic agent, when protonated, has a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the first aqueous solution has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to </sub>between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In certain other embodiments, the pH is equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> which is equidistant between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
In another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle is provided as described in the present application for use as a medicament in a subject.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle is provided as described in the present application for use in producing an antiproliferative effect in a subject.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for use in a subject as an anti-invader agent in the containment and / or treatment of solid tumor disease.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the prevention or treatment of cancer in a subject.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for use in the prevention or treatment of cancer in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of cancer in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for the production of an antiproliferative effect in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for use in producing an antiproliferative effect in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for use in a subject as an anti-invader agent in the containment and / or treatment of solid tumor disease. .
In yet another aspect, there is provided a method for producing an antiproliferative effect in a subject in need of such treatment, comprising administering, to said subject, an effective amount of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application.
In yet another aspect, a method is provided for the production of an antiinvasive effect by the containment and / or treatment of a solid tumor disease in a subject in need of such treatment, comprising administering, to said subject, an amount efficacy of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for use in the prevention or treatment of solid tumor disease in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prevention or treatment of solid tumor disease in a subject.
In yet another aspect, there is provided a method for the prevention or treatment of a solid tumor disease in a subject in need of such treatment, comprising administering, to said subject, an effective amount of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a flow chart for an emulsion process for the formation of a disclosed nanoparticle.
Figures 2A and 2B show flow diagrams for a disclosed emulsion process.
Figure 3 depicts the in vitro nanoparticle release profiles of three formulations as described in this application Identified below as Formulations A, B, and C, respectively, where each comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (dlmetllamlnojpiperldin —1 — iljcarbonyljphenyl) —3— [4— (4,6— dimorfolin-4-I-1,3,5-triazln-2-yl) phenyl] urea Error bars Indicate standard deviation. water bath = 37 ° C.
Figure 4 depicts the pharmacokinetics of the nanoparticles of three formulations as described in this application and identified as the
Formulations A, B, and C, respectively, where each comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamlnojplperldln — 1 — iljcarboniljfenll) —3— [4— (4.6 — dlmorfolin — 4 — II — 1.3 , 5 — trlazin— 2 —l) fenll] urea, in Wlstar Han rats; (a) shows the pharmacokinetics of the nanoparticle relative to free therapeutic agent, while (b) shows the same Information with the free therapeutic agent omitted .
Figure 5 depicts the in vitro release profiles of Drug Formulation A 1— (4 - {[4— (dimetllaminojpiperidln-1-yljcarbonyljphenyl) —3— [4— (4,6— dimorfolin-4-yl-1 , 3,5-trlazin-2-l) phenyl] urea Error bars indicate standard deviation Water bath temperature = 37 ° C.
Figure 6 depicts the in vitro release profiles of Drug Formulation C 1— (4 - {[4— (d-methylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4 , 6— dimorfolin-4-¡-1,3,5-triazln-2-¡l) fenll] urea using a citric acid-regulated quench, pH 4.5.
Figure 7 depicts a MDAMB361 xenograft programming study in female SCID / bg rats dosed with Formulation B nanoparticles or 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} fenyl. ) -3- [4- (4,6dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea (API (naked pharmaceutical active ingredient)), once every 8 days, compared to once every 4 days.
Figures 8A, 8B and 8C depict a MDAMB361 xenograft programming study in female SCID / bg mice dosed with Formulation A, B, or C nanoparticles or naked API, once every 8 days, compared to once every 4 days , and in vivo modulation studies of pS6 with nanoparticles of Formulation A, B or C or 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piper¡d¡n1— ¡l] carbonyl} phenyl) —3- [4- (4,6-dimorfolin-4-¡I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea (bare API). TA = therapeutic agent.
Figure 9 depicts a tumor growth inhibition study of model WM266-4 with female nu / nu mice treated with Form B or C nanoparticles or 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl ] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea (bare API). TA = therapeutic agent.
Figure 10 represents an analysis of glucose and Insulin levels in mice or rats after treatment with nanoparticles of Formulation B or C <sup>0</sup> 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin — 1 — yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — yl — 1,3,5-triazin — 2-yl ) phenyl] urea (bare API).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Definitions.
The definitions outlined in this application are intended to clarify terms used throughout the application.
The term of the / in this application means the entire application.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by the person skilled in the art to which these inventions belong. While similar or equivalent methods and materials may be used as described in this application, in the practice or evaluation of the inventions, suitable methods and materials are described below. The materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only, and are not intended to be limiting. All publications, patents and other documents mentioned in this application are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
Each embodiment of the inventions as described in this application can be taken alone or in combination with any one or more other embodiments of the inventions.
Throughout this application, the word “un” or “una” will be understood to imply the inclusion of one or more of members modified by the article “un” or “una”.
Throughout this application, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprise" or "comprising / n" will be understood to imply the inclusion of an established member or group of members, but not the exclusion of any other member or group of members.
Throughout the application, when the compositions are described so as to have, include, or comprise specific components, it is contemplated that the compositions may furthermore consist essentially of, or consist of, the cited components. Similarly, when the methods or processes are described so as to have, include, or comprise specific process steps, the processes may furthermore essentially consist of, or consist of, the stated processing steps.
Additionally, the order of the steps, or the order to perform certain actions, should be understood to be immaterial as long as the compositions and methods as described in this application remain operable. Furthermore, two or more stages or actions can be conducted simultaneously.
The term "or" as used in the present application is to be understood to mean "and / or", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The term "alkoxy" refers to an alkyl group, preferably a lower alkyl group, having an attached oxygen. Representative alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, fer-butoxy, and the like.
Furthermore, the term alkyl (or lower alkyl), as used in the present application, is intended to include both unsubstituted and substituted alkyl alkyls, where the latter refer to alkyl moieties having substituents that replace a hydrogen in one or more carbons from hydrocarbon spinning. Such substituents, if not otherwise specified, may include, for example, a halogen, a hydroxyl, a carbonite (such as a carboxyl, an alkoxycarbonyl, a formyl, or an acyl), a thiocarbonyl (such as a thioester, a thioacetate, or a thiophormate), an alkoxy, a phosphorite, a phosphate, a phosphonate, a phosphinate, an amino, an amido, an amidine, an imine, a cyano, a nitro, an azido, a sulfhydryl, an alkylthio, a sulfate, a sulfonate, a sulfamoyl, a sulfonamido, a sulfonyl, a heterocyclyl, an aralkyl, or an aromatic moiety. Those skilled in the art will understand that substituted residues in the hydrocarbon chain may themselves be substituted, if appropriate. For example, substituents on a substituted alkyl may include substituted and unsubstituted forms of amino, azido, amino, amido, phosphorite groups (which includes phosphonate and phosphinate), sulfonyl (which includes sulfate, sulfonamido, sulfamoyl, and sulfonate), silyl. , like ethers, alkyls, carbonites (including ketones, aldehydes, carboxylates and esters), -CF<sub>3</sub>, -CN and the like.
The term "C<sub>x</sub>"," When used in conjunction with a chemical moiety, such as acyl, acyloxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy, is intended to include groups containing xai carbons in the chain. For example, the term "C<sub>x</sub>"Alkyl" refers to saturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups, including straight chain alkyl groups and branched alkyl groups containing xai carbons in the chain, including haloalkyl groups such as trifluoromethyl and 2,2,2— trifluoroethyl, etc. Coalkyl indicates a hydrogen where the group is in a terminal position, a bond, if internal.
The term "amide", as used in the present application, refers to a group
OR
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0002.tif" />
R where each R<sup>30</sup> independently represents one hydrogen or hydrocarbyl group, or two R<sup>30</sup> they are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached to complete a heterocycle having 4 to 12 atoms in the ring structure.
The term "aryl" as used in the present application includes substituted or unsubstituted single-ring aromatic groups, where each atom of the ring is carbon. Preferably, the ring is a 5-7 membered ring, more preferably a 6 membered ring. The term "aryl" further includes polycyclic ring systems having two or more cyclic rings in which two or more carbons or heteroatoms are common to two adjacent rings, where at least one of the rings is aromatic, eg, the others Cyclic rings can be cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and / or heterocyclyl.
The terms "arylalkyl" or "aralkyl", as used in the present application, refer to an alkyl group substituted with an aryl group.
The term "azido" is recognized in the art, and refers to the group _N = N<sup>+</sup>= N<sup>_</sup>.
The term "carboxy", as used in the present application, refers to a group represented by the formula -CO2H.
The terms "halo" and "halogen" as used in the present application mean halogen and include chlorine, fluorine, bromine, and iodine.
The term "hydrocarbyl", as used in the present application, refers to a group that is bonded through a carbon atom that does not have a = 0 or = S substituent, and usually has at least one carbon-hydrogen bond and a primarily carbon backbone, although it may optionally include heteroatoms. Therefore, groups such as methyl, ethoxyethyl, 2-pyridyl, and trifluoromethyl are considered hydrocarbyl for the purposes of this application, although substituents such as acetyl (which has a substituent = 0 on the binding carbon) and ethoxy (which is linked through oxygen, not carbon) they are not. Hydrocarbyl groups include, without limitation, aryl, carbocycle, heterocyclyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and combinations thereof.
The term "hydroxy", as used in the present application, refers to a group -OH.
The term "substituted" refers to moieties that have substituents that replace a hydrogen on one or more carbons in the backbone. It will be understood that the "substitution" or "substituted with" includes the implicit condition that said substitution is in accordance with the allowed valence of the substituted atom and the substituent, and that the substitution achieves a stable compound, for example, which does not suffer spontaneously transformation, such as through rearrangement, cycling, removal, etc. As used in the present application, the term "substituted" is contemplated to include all allowable substituents for organic compounds. In a broad aspect, allowable substituents include aromatic and non-aromatic, branched and unbranched, carbocyclic and heterocyclic, branched and unbranched acyclic and cyclic substituents of organic compounds. The allowable substituents can be one or more, and the same or different for the appropriate organic compounds. For the purposes of this application, heteroatoms such as nitrogen may have hydrogen substituents and / or any allowable substituents for organic compounds, as described in this application, that satisfy the valencies of the heteroatoms.
Substituents can include any substituent as described in this application, for example, without limitation, a halogen, a hydroxyl, a carbonyl (such as a carboxyl, an alkoxycarbonyl, a formyl, or an acyl), a thiocarbonyl (such as a thioester, a thioacetate, or a thiophormate), an alkoxy, a phosphoryl, a phosphate, a phosphonate, a phosphinate, an amino, an amido, an amidine, a mine, a cyano, a nitro, an azido, a sulfhydryl an alkylthio, a sulfate, a sulfonate, a sulfamoyl, a sulfonamido, a sulfonyl, a heterocyclyl, an aralkyl, or an aromatic moiety. Those skilled in the art will understand that the substituents can themselves be substituted, if appropriate. Unless specifically stated as "unsubstituted", references to chemical moieties in this application are understood to include substituted variants. For example, the reference to an "aryl" moiety or group implicitly includes both substituted and unsubstituted variants.
The terms "optional" or "optionally" mean that the circumstance subsequently described may or may not occur, so that the application includes cases where the circumstance occurs, and cases where it does not occur. For example, the phrase 'optionally substituted' means that a non-hydrogen substituent may or may not be present at a given atom, and accordingly, the application includes structures where a non-hydrogen substituent is present and structures where a non-hydrogen substituent is not present .
The terms "healthy" and "normal" are used interchangeably in this application to refer to a particular subject or tissue or cell that is devoid (at least at the detection limit) of disease.
Unless otherwise indicated, the term "basic therapeutic agent" 5 or "therapeutic agent" refers to the therapeutic agent 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) p¡per¡din-1-yl] carbon¡ l} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4— «1—1,3,5-triazin— 2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. It has the following structure:
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0003.tif" />
It is described in United States Patent No. 8,039,469, the contents of which are incorporated by reference. The calculated log of the octanoksaline partition coefficient (clogP) = 1.24 (calculated partition coefficient). The logD, the distribution constant, at pH 6.5 = 0.212, while the logD at pH 7.4 = 1.08. As stated above, it is a base. It is a protonable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent. As used in the present application, a "protonable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent" includes any pharmaceutically active agent that contains at least one functional nitrogen-containing group that is capable of being protonated. In other words, the therapeutic agent has a nitrogen atom on it, which has a single pair of electrons that could potentially accept a proton. PKa refers to the acid dissociation constant on a logarithmic scale of the corresponding protonated form of the therapeutic agent. In other words, if a proton (H +) were to appear at nitrogen atoms where there is an arrow indicated, the therapeutic agent will have the pKa indicated below:
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0004.tif" />
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0005.tif" />
PKa information is shown above for the most basic (bottom) nitrogen and least, but still protonable (top) nitrogen. ACD is a number calculated using conventional techniques known in the art, such as those described in the Liao CZ reference, Nicklaus MC. "Comparison of nine programs predicting pK (a) values of pharmaceutical substances". J. Chem. Inform. Model. 49 (12): 2801-2812, 2009. It should be understood that the pKa of the therapeutic agent refers to its protonated form.
The therapeutic agent of the present invention possesses one or more chiral centers, and the present invention includes each separate enantiomer of said compounds, as well as mixtures of enantiomers. When there are multiple chiral centers, the invention includes each combination, as well as their mixtures. All chiral, dlastereomeric and racemic forms of a structure are proposed, unless the specific stereochemistry or the isomeric form is specifically indicated. It is well known in the art how to prepare optically active forms, such as by resolution of racemic forms or by synthesis from optically active starting materials.
The term "substantially", when used in reference to a compound such as "hydrophobic acid", refers to the compound present in at least 1% by weight, or refers to a hydrophobic acid with a logP greater than 2. A Hydrophobic acid with a logP greater than 2 has a greater tendency to partition in the organic phase.
The term "hydrophobic acid" refers to a lipophilic acid that has a log of -7 or higher, ie, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 , 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
The nanoparticles as described in this application may further contain pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the therapeutic agent. Representative "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" include, without limitation, water-soluble and water-insoluble salts, such as the acetate, aluminum, amsonate (4,4-d-amine-n-2-d-2-d salts). Sulfonate), benzathine (N, Ndibenzylethylenediamine), benzenesulfonate, benzoate, bicarbonate, bismuth, bisulfate, bitartrate, borate, bromide, butyrate, calcium, camsylate (camphor sulfonate), carbonate, chloride, choline, citrate, clavular, diethanolamine, dihydrochloride, diphosphate, edetate, edisylate (camphor sulfonate), eslate (ethanesulfonate), ethylenediamine, fumarate, gluceptate (glucoheptonate), gluconate, glucuronate, glutamate, hexafluorphosphate, hexylresorcinate, hydramin (dehydro) hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroxynaphthoate, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, iodide, isothionate (2-hydroxyethanesulfonate), lactate, lactobionate, laurate, lauryl sulfate, lithium, magnesium, malate, maleate, meglumine (1-deoxy-1- (methylamino) -D-glucitol), mesylate, methyl bromide, methyl nitrate, methylsulfate, mucate, napsilate, nitrate, N-methylglucamine ammonium salt, oleate, oxalate, palmitate, pamoate (4,4-methylenebis-3 -hydroxy-2-naphthoate, or embonate), pantothenate, phosphate, picrate, polygalacturonate, potassium, propionate, p-toluenesulfonate, salicylate, sodium, stearate, subacetate, succinate, sulfate, sulfosalicylate, suramate, tannate, tartrate, theoclate (8-chloro-3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1 H-purine-2,6-dione), triethiodide, tromethamine (2-amino-2- (hydroxymethyl) -1,3-propanediol) valerate and zinc.
When used in this application below, unless otherwise indicated,% is% by weight.
Polymeric nanoparticles are described in this application that include the basic therapeutic agent and methods for the elaboration and use of said therapeutic nanoparticles.
In some embodiments, the inclusion (i.e., smoothing) of a substantially hydrophobic acid (eg, a fatty acid and / or a bile acid) in a disclosed nanoparticle, and / or its inclusion in a nanoparticle preparation process It can achieve nanoparticles that include enhanced drug loading. Additionally, in certain embodiments, nanoparticles that include and / or are prepared in the presence of hydrophobic acid can exhibit improved controlled release properties. For example, the disclosed nanoparticles can slower release the therapeutic agent, compared to nanoparticles prepared in the absence of hydrophobic acid.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory, the disclosed nanoparticle formulations including a hydrophobic acid (eg, fatty acid and / or bile acid) are believed to have significantly improved formulation properties (eg, drug loading and / or profile release) through the formation of a hydrophobic ion pair (HIP), between the therapeutic agent on the single pair of electrons in one or more of the nitrogen atoms on the therapeutic agent indicated above, for example, on the amine moiety and an acid. As used in the present application, a HIP is an oppositely charged pair of ions held together by Coulomb attraction. Furthermore, without wishing to be bound by theory, in some embodiments, HIP can be used to increase the hydrophobicity of the therapeutic agent containing ionizable groups (eg, amines). When the therapeutic agent has greater hydrophobicity, this is beneficial for nanoparticle formulations, since the formation of HIP is achieved, which can provide greater solubility of the therapeutic agent in organic solvents. HIP formation, contemplated in this application, can produce nanoparticles that have, for example, a higher drug load. The slower release of the therapeutic agent from the nanoparticles can also occur, for example, in some embodiments, due to a decrease in the solubility of the therapeutic agent in aqueous solution. Additionally, complexing the therapeutic agent with large hydrophobic counterions can slow the diffusion of the therapeutic agent within the polymer matrix. Conveniently, HIP formation occurs without the need for covalent conjugation of the hydrophobic group to the therapeutic agent.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that the HIP concentration affects the drug load and the release rate of the contemplated nanoparticles. For example, HIP concentration can be increased by increasing the magnitude of the difference between pKa from the protonated form of the therapeutic agent and pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid, as described in more detail below. Furthermore, without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that the conditions for the formation of ion pairs affect the drug charge and the release rate of the contemplated nanoparticles.
The nanoparticles disclosed in this application include one, two, three or more biocompatible and / or biodegradable polymers. For example, a contemplated nanoparticle may include about 35 to about 99.75 percent by weight in some embodiments; about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight, in some other embodiments; about 50 to about 99.5 percent by weight, in some embodiments; about 50 to about 99 percent by weight even in other embodiments; about 50 to about 98 weight percent in additional embodiments; about 50 to about 97 percent by weight in still other embodiments; about 50 to about 96 weight percent in additional embodiments; about 50 to about 95 weight percent in other embodiments, about 50 to about 94 weight percent even in other embodiments; about 50 to about 93 percent by weight in other embodiments; about 50 to about 92 percent by weight even in other embodiments; about 50 to about 91 weight percent, in some embodiments, about 50 to about 90 weight percent; in some embodiments, about 50 to about 85 percent by weight; in some embodiments, about 60 to about 85 percent by weight; in some embodiments, about 65 to about 85 weight percent; and in some embodiments, about 50 to about 80 weight percent, of one or more block copolymers including a biodegradable polymer and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), and about 0 to about 50 percent by weight of a biodegradable homopolymer.
In some embodiments, a contemplated nanoparticle may include 35 to 99.75 percent by weight in some embodiments; 50 to 99.75 percent by weight, in some other embodiments; 50 to 99.5 percent by weight, in some embodiments; 50 to 99 percent by weight even in other embodiments; 50 to 98 percent by weight in additional embodiments; 50 to 97 percent by weight in still other embodiments; fifty 96 percent by weight in additional embodiments; 50 to 95 percent by weight in other embodiments, 50 to 94 percent by weight even in other embodiments; 50 to 93 percent by weight in other embodiments; 50 to 92 percent by weight even in other embodiments; 50 to 91 percent by weight, in some embodiments, 50 to 90 percent by weight; in some embodiments, 50 to 85 percent by weight; in some embodiments, 60 to 85 percent by weight; in some embodiments, 65 to 85 percent by weight; and in some embodiments, 50 to 80 percent by weight of one or more block copolymers including a biodegradable polymer and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), and 0 to 50 percent by weight of a biodegradable homopolymer.
In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can include about 0.2 to about 35 weight percent, about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent, about 0.2 to about 20 weight percent, about 0.2 to about 10 weight percent, about 0.2 to about 5 weight percent, about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent, about 0.75 to about 5 weight percent, about 1 to about 5 percent by weight, about 2 to about 5 percent by weight, about 3 to about 5 percent by weight, about 1 to about 20 percent by weight, about 2 to about 20 weight percent, about 3 to about 20 weight percent, about 5 to about 20 weight percent, about 1 to about 15 weight percent, about 2 to about 15 percent by weight, about 3 to about 15 weight percent, about 4 to about 15 weight percent, about 5 to about 15 weight percent, about 1 to about 10 weight percent, about 2 to about 10 weight percent, about 3 to about 10 weight percent, about 4 to about 10 weight percent, about 5 to about 10 weight percent, about 10 to about 30 percent by weight, or about 15 to about 25 weight percent of the therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles include about 0.2, about
0.3, around 0.4, around 0.5, around 0.6, around 0.7, around 0.8, around 0.9, around 1, around 2, around 3, around 4, around 5, around 6, around 7, around 8, around 9, around 10, around 11, around 12, around 15 13, around 14, around 15, around 16, around 17, around 18, around 19, around 20, around 21, around 22, around 23, around 24, around 25, around 26, around
27, about 28, about 29, or about 30 weight percent of the therapeutic agent.
In certain embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can
Include 0.2 to 35 percent by weight, 0.2 to 25 percent by weight, 0.2 to 20 percent by weight, 0.2 to 10 percent by weight, 0.2 to 5 percent by weight, 0.5 to 5 percent by weight, 0.75 to 5 percent by weight, 1 to 5 percent by weight, 2 to 5 percent by weight, 3 to 5 percent by weight, 1 to 20 percent by weight, 2 to 20 percent by weight, 3 to 20 weight percent, 5 to 20 weight percent, 1 to 15 weight percent, 2 to 15 weight percent, 3 to 15 weight percent, 4 to 15 percent by weight, 5 to 15 percent by weight, 1 to 10 percent by weight, 2 to 10 percent by weight, 3 to 10 percent by weight, 4 to 10 percent by weight, 5 to 10 weight percent, 10 to 30 weight percent, or 15 to 25 weight percent of the therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles include 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 weight percent of therapeutic agent.
In certain embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles comprise a hydrophobic acid (eg, a fatty acid and / or bile acid) and / or are prepared by a process that includes a hydrophobic acid. Such nanoparticles may have a higher drug load than nanoparticles prepared by a process without hydrophobic acid. For example, the drug load (eg, by weight) of the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a process comprising hydrophobic acid may be between about 2 times and about 10 times higher, or even more, than the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a process without hydrophobic acid. In some embodiments, the drug load (by weight) of the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a first process comprising the hydrophobic acid can be at least about 2 times higher, at least about 3 times higher, at least about 4 times higher, at least about times higher, or at least about 10 times higher than the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a second process, where the second process is identical to the first process, except that the second process does not include hydrophobic acid.
In certain embodiments, the drug load (eg, by weight) of the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a process comprising the hydrophobic acid may be 2 to 10 times higher, or even higher, than the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a process without hydrophobic acid. In some embodiments, the drug load (by weight) of the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a first process comprising the hydrophobic acid can be at least 2 times higher, at least 3 times higher, at least 4 times higher, at least 5 times higher, or at least 10 times higher than the disclosed nanoparticles prepared by a second process, where the second process is identical to the first process, except that the second process does not include hydrophobic acid.
Any suitable hydrophobic acid is contemplated. In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can be a carboxylic acid (eg, a monocarboxylic acid, a dicarboxylic acid, tricarboxylic acid, or the like), a sulfinic acid, a sulfenic acid, or a sulfonic acid. In some cases, a contemplated hydrophobic acid may include a mixture of two or more acids. For example, in certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid may comprise a mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids, in some embodiments, a mixture of three substantially hydrophobic acids, in some embodiments, a mixture of four substantially hydrophobic acids, or in some embodiments, five substantially hydrophobic acids. In some embodiments, the substantially hydrophobic acid mixture comprises oleic acid and cholic acid. In other embodiments, the mixture of two hydrophobic acids is oleic acid and cholic acid.
In some cases, a salt of a hydrophobic acid can be used in a formulation.
For example, a disclosed carboxylic acid can be an aliphatic carboxylic acid (eg, a carboxylic acid having a cyclic or acyclic, branched or unbranched hydrocarbon chain). The disclosed carboxylic acids, in some embodiments, may be substituted with one or more functional groups including, without limitation, halogen (ie, F, Cl, Br, and I), sulfonyl, nitro, and oxo. In certain embodiments, a disclosed carboxylic acid may be unsubstituted.
Examples of carboxylic acids can include a substituted or unsubstituted fatty acid (eg C fatty acid<sub>6</sub>-C<sub>5</sub>or). In some cases, the fatty acid can be a Ci fatty acid<sub>OR</sub>-C<sub>2</sub>or · In other cases, the fatty acid may be a C15-C20 fatty acid. Fatty acid in some cases can be saturated. In other embodiments, the fatty acid can be unsaturated. For example, the fatty acid can be a monounsaturated fatty acid or a polyunsaturated fatty acid. In some embodiments, a double bond from an unsaturated fatty acid group may occur in the c / s conformation. In some embodiments, a double bond of an unsaturated fatty acid can occur in the trans configuration. Unsaturated fatty acids include, without limitation, omega-3, omega-6, or omega-9 fatty acids.
Non-limiting examples of saturated fatty acids include caproic acid, enantic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, heneicosanoic acid, behenic acid, tricosanoic acid, lignoceric acid, pentacosanoic acid, cerotic acid, heptacosanoic acid, montanic acid, nonacosanoic acid, melisic acid, henatriacontanoic acid, lacceroic acid, psyllic acid, gedic acid, ceroplastic acid, hexatriacontanoic acid, or combinations thereof.
Nonlimiting examples of unsaturated fatty acids include hexadecatrienoico acid, alpha-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, heneicosapentaenoico acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoico, tetracosahexaenoico acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, acid eicosadienoic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, docosadienoic acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosatetraenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, oleic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = ~ 4—5; logP = 6.78), Eicosenoic Acid, Mead Acid, Erucic Acid, Nervonic Acid, Rumenic Acid, α-Calendic Acid, β-Calendic Acid, Jacaric Acid, Aeleostearic Acid, β-Eleestearic Acid, Cathalpic Acid, Punicic Acid, Rumelenic Acid, α-Parinaric Acid, β-Parinaric Acid, Bosseo Pentaenoic Acid, Pinolenic Acid, Podopárpic Acid, Palmitoleic Acid, Vaccenic Acid, Gadoleic Acid, Erucic Acid, or combinations thereof.
Other non-limiting examples of hydrophobic acids include aromatic acids such as 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (i.e., xinafoic acid) (pK<sub>to</sub> = ~ 2-3; log P = 2.97), naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = -2; logP = 1.3), naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = -1.8; logP = 2.1), pamoic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = 2.4; logP = 6.17), cinnamic acid, phenylacetic acid, (±) -camphor-10-sulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = -1.8; logP = 6.6), or their combinations. Other non-limiting examples of hydrophobic acids include dodecyl sulfuric acid (pK<sub>to</sub> =
-0.09; logP = 4.5), dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid (i.e. docusate acid) (pK<sub>to</sub> = 0.8; logP = 5.2), dioleoyl phosphatidic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = ~ 2), or Vitamin D3-sulfate (pK<sub>to</sub> = -1.5).
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can be a bile acid. Non-limiting examples of bile acids include chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = 4.65; logP = 3.79), hicolic acid, beta-muricolic acid, cholic acid (pK<sub>to</sub> = ~ 4.5; logP = 2.48), taurocolic acid, cholesteryl sulfate (pK<sub>to</sub> = -1.4), lithocolic acid, an amino acid conjugated bile acid, or combinations thereof. An amino acid conjugated bile acid can be conjugated to any suitable amino acid. In some embodiments, the amino acid conjugated bile acid is a glycine conjugated bile acid or a taurine conjugated bile acid.
In certain cases, the hydrophobic acid can be a polyelectrolyte. For example, the polyelectrolyte can be a polysulfonic acid (for example, poly (styrene sulfonic acid) or dextran sulfate) or a polycarboxylic acid (for example, polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid).
In some cases, a contemplated hydrophobic acid may have a molecular weight of less than about 1000 Da, in some embodiments, less than about 500 Da, in some embodiments, less than about 400 Da, in some forms of embodiment, less than about 300 Da, in some embodiments less than about 250 Da, in some embodiments less than about 200 Da, and in some embodiments less than about 150 Da. In some cases, the hydrophobic acid may have a molecular weight of between about 100 Da and about 1000 Da, in some embodiments, between about 200 Da and about 800 Da, in some embodiments, between about 200 Da and about 600 Da, in some embodiments, between about 100 Da and about 300 Da, in some embodiments, between about 200 Da and about 400 Da, in some embodiments, between about 300 Da and about 500 Da, and in some embodiments, between about 300 Da and about 1000 Da. In certain embodiments, a contemplated acid may have a molecular weight of greater than about 200 kDa, in some embodiments, greater than about 200 kDa.
300 It gives, in some embodiments, greater than about 400 Da, and in some embodiments, greater than about 500 Da. In certain embodiments, the rate of release of a therapeutic agent from a nanoparticle can be decreased by increasing the molecular weight of the hydrophobic acid used in the nanoparticle formulation.
In some cases, a contemplated hydrophobic acid may have a molecular weight of less than 1000 Da, in some embodiments, less than 500
Gives, in some embodiments, less than 400 Da, in some embodiments, less than 300 Da, in some embodiments, less than 250 Da, in some embodiments, less than 200 Da, and in some forms of realization, less than 150 Da. In some cases, the hydrophobic acid may have a molecular weight of between 100 Da and 1000 Da, in some embodiments, between 200 Da and 800 Da, in some embodiments, between 200 Da and 600 Da, in some forms of embodiment, between 100 Da and 300 Da, in some embodiments, between 200 Da and 400 Da, in some embodiments, between 300 Da and 500 Da, and in some embodiments, between 300 Da and 1000 Da. In certain embodiments, a contemplated acid may have a molecular weight greater than 200 kDa, in some embodiments greater than 300 Da, in some embodiments greater than 400 Da, and in some embodiments greater than 500 Da.
In some embodiments, a hydrophobic acid can be selected, at least in part, based on the concentration of the acid. For example, hydrophobic acid can have an acid to water dissociation constant (pK<sub>to</sub>) from about -5 to about 7, in some embodiments, about -3 to about 5, in some embodiments, about -3 to about 4, in some embodiments, about - 3 to about
3.5, in some embodiments, about -3 to about 3, in some embodiments, about -3 to about 2, in some embodiments, about -3 to about 1, in some forms of embodiment, about -3 to about 0.5, in some embodiments, about -1.0 to about 5.0, in some embodiments, about -0.5 to about 0.5, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 7, in some embodiments, about 2 to about 7, in some embodiments, about 2.0 to about 5.0, in some embodiments, about 3 to about 7, in some embodiments, about 4 to about 6, in some embodiments, about 4 to about 5.5, in some embodiments, about 4 to about 5, and in some embodiments, about 4.5 to about 5, given at 25 ° C. In some embodiments, the acid may have a pK<sub>to</sub> less than about 7, less than about 5, less than about 3.5, less than about 3, less than about 2, less than about 1, or less than about 0, determined at 25 ° C.
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid may have an acid to water dissociation constant (pK<sub>to</sub>) -5 to 7, in some embodiments, -3 to 5, in some embodiments, -3 to 4, in some embodiments, -3 to 3.5, in some embodiments, -3 to 3 , in some embodiments, -3 to 2, in some embodiments, -3 to 1, in some embodiments, -3 to 0.5, in some embodiments, -1.0 to 5.0, in some embodiments , -0.5 to 0.5, in some embodiments, 1 to 7, in some embodiments, 2 to 7, in some embodiments, 2.0 to 5.0, in some embodiments, 3 to 7, in some embodiments, 4 to 6, in some embodiments, 4 to 5.5, in some embodiments, 4 to 5, and in some embodiments, 4.5 to 5, determined at
25 ° C. In some embodiments, the acid may have a pK<sub>to</sub> less than
7, less than 5, less than 3.5, less than 3, less than 2, less than 1, or less than
0, determined at 25 ° C.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can be selected, at least in part, based on the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid and pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent. For example, in some cases, the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid and pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent can be between about 1 unit of pK<sub>to</sub> and about 15 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, enter about 1 unit of pK<sub>to</sub> and about 10 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, enter about 1 unit of pK<sub>to</sub> and about 5 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, enter about 1 unit of pK<sub>to</sub> and about 3 pKg units, in some embodiments, between about 1 pKg unit<sub>to</sub> and about 2 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, between about 2 pK units<sub>to</sub> and about 15 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, between about 2 pK units<sub>to</sub> and about 10 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, between about 2 pK units<sub>to</sub> and about 5 pK units<sub>to</sub>, in some embodiments, between about 2 pKa units and about 3 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 3 pKa units and about 15 pK<sub>to</sub> units, in some embodiments, between about 3 pKa units and about 10 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 3 pKa units and about 5 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 4 pKa units and about 15 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 4 pKa units and about 10 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 4 pKa units and about 6 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 5 pKa units and about 15 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 5 pKa units and about 10 pKa units , in some embodiments, between about 5 pKa units and about 7 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 7 pKa units and about 15 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 7 pKa units and about 9 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 9 pKa units and about 15 pKa units, in some embodiments, between about 9 pKa units and about 11 pKa units , in some embodiments, between about 11 pKa units and about 13 pKa units, and in some embodiments, between about 13 pKa units and about 15 pKa units, determined at 25 ° C.
In certain embodiments, the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid and pK<sub>to</sub> The protonated therapeutic agent may be between 1 pKa unit and 15 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 1 pKa unit and 10 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 1 pKa unit and 5 pKa units, in some embodiments. , between 1 pKa unit and 3 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 1 pKa unit and 2 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 2 pKa units and 15 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 2 pKa units and 10 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 2 pKa units and 5 pKa units, in some embodiments, between 2 pKa units and 3 pKa units, in some forms of
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 3</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 15</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 3</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 10</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 3</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 5</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 4</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 15</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 4</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 10</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 4</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 6</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 5</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 15</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 5</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 10</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 5</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 7</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 7</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 15</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 7</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 9</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 9</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 15</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 9</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 11</td><td>units</td><td>pKa,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>between</td><td> 11</td><td>units</td><td>pKa and</td><td> 13</td><td colspan="6">pKa units, and in some ways</td>
performance, between 13 pKa units and 15 pKa units, determined at 25 ° C.
In some cases, the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid and pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent may be at least about 1 pKa unit, in some embodiments, at least about 2 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 3 pKa units, in some embodiments , at least about 4 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 5 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 6 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 7 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 8 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 9 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least about 10 pKa units, and in some embodiments, at least about 15 pKa units, determined at 25 ° C.
In some embodiments, the difference between pK<sub>to</sub> of the hydrophobic acid and the pKa of the protonated therapeutic agent can be at least 1 pKa unit, in some embodiments, at least 2 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 3 pKa units, in some embodiments , at least 4 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 5 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 6 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 7 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 8 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 9 pKa units, in some embodiments, at least 10 pKa units, and in some embodiments, at least units pKa, determined at 25 ° C.
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid may have a logP of between about 2 and about 15, in some embodiments, between about 5 and about 15, in some embodiments, between about 5 and about of 10, in some embodiments, between about 2 and about 8, in some embodiments, between about 4 and about 8, in some embodiments, between about 2 and about 7, or in some embodiments, between about 4 and about 7. In some cases, the hydrophobic acid may have a logP of greater than about 2, greater than about 4, greater than about 5, or greater than about 6.
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid may have a logP of between 2 and 15, in some embodiments, between 5 and 15, in some embodiments, between 5 and 10, in some embodiments, between 2 and 8, in some embodiments, between 4 and 8, in some embodiments, between 2 and 7, or in some embodiments, between 4 and 7. In some cases, the hydrophobic acid may have a logP greater than 2 , greater than 4, greater than 5, or greater than 6.
In some embodiments, a contemplated hydrophobic acid may have a convenient phase transition temperature, for example, to enhance the properties of therapeutic nanoparticles. For example, hydrophobic acid may have a melting point of less than about 350 ° C, in some cases less than 300 ° C, in some cases less than about 100 ° C, and in some cases less than around 50 ° C. In certain embodiments, hldrófrobo acid can have a melting point of between around 5 ° G and around 25 ° C, in some cases, between around 15 ° C and around 50 ° C, in some cases, between around 30 ° C and around 100 ° C, in some cases, between around 75 ° C and around 150 ° C, in some cases, between around 125 ° C and around 200 ° C, in some cases , between around 150 ° C and around 250 ° C, in some cases, between around 200 ° C and around 300 ° C, and in some cases, between around 250 ° C and around 350 ° C. In some cases, hldrófrobo acid can have a melting point of less than around 15 ° C, in some cases, less than around 10 ° C, or in some cases, less than around 0 ° C. In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can have a melting point of between about -30 ° C and around 0 ° C or in some cases, between around -20 ° C and around -10 ° C.
In some embodiments, hldrófrobo acid may have a melting point of less than 350 ° C, in some cases less than 300 ° C, in some cases less than 100 ° C, and in some cases less than 50 ° C. In certain embodiments, hldrófrobo acid can have a melting point of between 5 ° C and
25 ° C, in some cases between 15 ° C and 50 ° C, in some cases between 30 ° C and 100 ° C, in some cases between 75 ° C and 150 ° C, in some cases, between 125 ° C and 200 ° C, in some cases between 150 ° C and 250 ° C, in some cases between 200 ° C and 300 ° C, and in some cases between 250 ° C and 350 ° C. In some cases, the hydrophobic acid may have a melting point of less than 15 ° C, in some cases less than 10 ° C, or in some cases less than 0 ° C. In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can have a melting point of between -30 ° C and 0 ° C, or in some cases, between -20 ° C and -10 ° C.
For example, the hydrophobic acid for use in the methods and nanoparticles disclosed in this application can be selected, at least in part, based on the solubility of the therapeutic agent in a solvent comprising the acid. For example, in some embodiments, according to the solvent, the therapeutic agent dissolved in a solvent comprising the acid may have a solubility of between about 15 mg / ml and about 200 mg / ml, between about 20 mg / ml and around 200 mg / ml, between around 25 mg / ml and around 200 mg / ml, between around 50 mg / ml and around 200 mg / ml, between around 75 mg / ml and around 200 mg / ml, between about 100 mg / ml and about 200 mg / ml, between about 125 mg / ml and about 175 mg / ml, between about 15 mg / ml and about 50 mg / ml, between about 25 mg / ml and about 75 mg / ml. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent dissolved in a hydrophobic acid-containing solvent may have a solubility of greater than about 10 mg / ml, greater than about 50 mg / ml, or greater than about 100 mg / ml. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent dissolved in a hydrophobic acid-containing solvent (for example, a first solution consisting of the therapeutic agent, solvent, and hydrophobic acid) can have a solubility of at least about 2 times greater , in some embodiments, at least about 5 times greater, in some embodiments, at least about 10 times greater, in some embodiments, at least about 20 times higher, in some embodiments, about 2 times to about 20 times higher, or in some embodiments, about 10 times to about 20 times higher, than when the therapeutic agent is dissolved in a solvent that does not contain hydrophobic acid (for example, a second solution consisting of the therapeutic agent and the solvent).
In some embodiments, according to the solvent, the therapeutic agent dissolved in a solvent comprising the acid may have a solubility of between 15 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml, between 20 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml, between 25 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml, between 50 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml, between 75 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml, between 100 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml, between 125 mg / ml and 175 mg / ml, between 15 mg / ml and 50 mg / ml, between 25 mg / ml and 75 mg / ml. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent dissolved in a solvent containing the hydrophobic acid may have a solubility of greater than 10 mg / ml, greater than 50 mg / ml, or greater than 100 mg / ml. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent dissolved in a hydrophobic acid-containing solvent (for example, a first solution consisting of the therapeutic agent, solvent, and hydrophobic acid) may have a solubility of at least 2 times higher, in some embodiments, at least 5 times greater, in some embodiments, at least 10 times greater, in some embodiments, at least 20 times greater, in some embodiments, 2 20 to 20 times greater or in some embodiments 10 to 20 times greater than when the therapeutic agent is dissolved in a solvent that does not contain the hydrophobic acid (for example, a second solution consisting of the therapeutic agent and the solvent).
In some cases, the concentration of hydrophobic acid in a drug solution (i.e., the therapeutic agent solution) can range from about 1 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 2 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 3 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 4 percent by weight to about 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from about 5 percent by weight to about 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from about 6 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 8 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 10 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 12 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 14 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 16 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 1 weight percent to about 5 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 3 weight percent to about 9 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 6 weight percent to about 12 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 9 weight percent to about 15 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 12 weight percent to about 18 weight percent, and in some embodiments, from about 15 weight percent to about 21 weight percent. In certain embodiments, the concentration of hydrophobic acid in a drug solution may be about 1 weight percent or greater, in some embodiments, about 2 weight percent or greater, in some embodiments, about 3 weight percent or more, in some embodiments, about 5 weight percent or more, in some embodiments, about 10 weight percent or more, in some embodiments, about 15 weight percent or greater, and in some embodiments, about 20 weight percent or greater.
In some cases, the concentration of hydrophobic acid in a drug solution (i.e., the therapeutic agent solution) can range from 1 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 2 percent by weight. weight at 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 3 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 4 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some forms of realization, from 5 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 6 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 8 weight percent to 30 weight percent , in some embodiments, from 10 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 12 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 14 percent in weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 16 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 1 weight percent to 5 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 3 weight percent to 9 weight percent , in some embodiments, from 6 percent by weight to 12 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 9 percent by weight to 15 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 12 percent in weight at 18 percent by weight, and in some embodiments, from 15 percent by weight to 21 percent by weight. In certain embodiments, the concentration of hydrophobic acid in a drug solution may be 1 weight percent or greater, in some embodiments 2 weight percent or greater, in some embodiments 3 percent in weight or greater, in some embodiments, 5 percent by weight or greater, in some embodiments, 10 percent by weight or greater, in some embodiments, 15 percent by weight or greater, and in some forms of realization, twenty weight percent or greater.
In certain embodiments, the molar ratio of hydrophobic acid to a therapeutic agent (eg, initially during formulation of the nanoparticles and / or nanoparticles) can range from about 0.25: 1 to about 6: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 4: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 3: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 2: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 1: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.25: 1 to about 0.5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 6: 1, in some embodiments , from about 0.5: 1 to about 5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 4: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 3: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 2: 1 , in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 1: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.5: 1 to about 0.75: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.75: 1 to about 2: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.75: 1 to about 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.75: 1 to about 1.25: 1 , in some embodiments, from about 0.9: 1 to about 1.1: 1, in some embodiments, from about 0.95: 1 to about 1.05: 1, in some embodiments, about 1: 1 , in some embodiments, from about 0.75: 1 to about 1: 1, in some embodiments, from about 1: 1 to about 6: 1, in some embodiments, from about 1: 1 to about 5: 1, in some embodiments, from about 1: 1 to about 4: 1, in some embodiments, from about 1: 1 to about 3: 1, in some embodiments, from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1, in some forms of
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>1: 1 to about 1.5: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>1.5: 1 to about 6: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>1.5: 1 to about 5: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>1.5: 1 to about 4: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>1.5: 1 to about 3: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>2: 1 to about 6: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>2: 1 to about 4: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>3: 1 to about 6: 1,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
<td>realization,</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">about</td><td>3: 1 to about 5: 1, and</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td>
performance, from about 4: 1 to about 6: 1.
In certain embodiments, the molar ratio of hydrophobic acid to a therapeutic agent (eg, initially during formulation of the nanoparticles and / or nanoparticles) can range from 0.25: 1 to 6: 1, in some embodiments. , from 0.25: 1 to 5: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.25: 1 to 4: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.25: 1 to 3: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.25: 1 at 2: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.25: 1 to 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.25: 1 to 1: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.25: 1 to 0.5: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.5: 1 to 6: 1, in some embodiments , from 0.5: 1 to 5: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.5: 1 to 4: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.5: 1 to 3: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.5: 1 to 2: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.5: 1 to 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.5: 1 to 1: 1, in some embodiments, 0.5: 1 to 0.75: 1, in some embodiments, 0.75: 1 to 2: 1, in some embodiments, 0.75: 1 to 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, 0.75: 1 to 1.25: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, in some embodiments, from 0.95: 1 to 1.05: 1, in some embodiments, 1: 1, in some embodiments, 0.75: 1 to 1: 1, in some embodiments, 1: 1 to 6: 1, in some embodiments, 1: 1 to 5: 1, in some embodiments, from 1: 1 to 4: 1, in some embodiments, from 1: 1 to 3: 1, in some embodiments, from 1: 1 to 2: 1, in some embodiments , from 1: 1 to 1.5: 1, in some embodiments, from 1.5: 1 to 6: 1, in some embodiments, from 1.5: 1 to 5: 1, in some embodiments, from 1.5: 1 to 4: 1, in some embodiments, from 1.5: 1 to 3: 1, in some embodiments, from 2: 1 to 6: 1, in some embodiments, from 2: 1 to 4: 1, in some embodiments, from 3: 1 to 6: 1, in some embodiments, from 3: 1 to 5: 1, and in some embodiments, from 4: 1 to 6: 1.
In some cases, the initial molar ratio of hydrophobic acid to a therapeutic agent (i.e., during nanoparticle formulation) may be different from the molar ratio of hydrophobic acid to a therapeutic agent in the nanoparticles (i.e., after removal of the unencapsulated hydrophobic acid and therapeutic agent). In other cases, the initial molar ratio of hydrophobic acid to a therapeutic agent (i.e. during nanoparticle formulation) may be essentially equal to the molar ratio of hydrophobic acid to a therapeutic agent in the nanoparticles (i.e. after removal of non-encapsulated hydrophobic acid and therapeutic agent).
In one embodiment, when the nanoparticle contains the hydrophobic acid, the nanoparticle comprising the therapeutic agent, 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin2-yl) phenyl] urea, can form a salt with the hydrophobic acid. In other words, the hydrophobic acid associated with the therapeutic agent is the pharmaceutically acceptable salt. Therefore, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to a therapeutic nanoparticle comprising therapeutic agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer. or a poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin-4-yl— 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea.
In some cases, a solution containing the therapeutic agent can be prepared, separately from a solution containing the polymer, and the two solutions can then be combined prior to formulation of the nanoparticle. For example, in one embodiment, a first solution contains the therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid, and a second solution contains the polymer and, optionally, hydrophobic acid. Formulations where the second solution does not contain the hydrophobic acid may be convenient, for example, to minimize the amount of hydrophobic acid used in a process, or in some cases, to minimize the contact time between the hydrophobic acid and, for example, a polymer that can degrade in the presence of hydrophobic acid. In other cases, a single solution can be prepared containing the therapeutic agent, polymer, and hydrophobic acid.
In some embodiments, the hydrophobic ion pair can be formed prior to formulation of the nanoparticles. For example, a solution containing the hydrophobic ion pair can be prepared prior to the formulation of the contemplated nanoparticles (eg, by preparing a solution containing adequate amounts of the therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid). In other embodiments, the hydrophobic ion pair can be formed during the formulation of the nanoparticles. For example, a first solution containing the therapeutic agent and a second solution containing the hydrophobic acid may be combined during a process step for the preparation of the nanoparticles (for example, before emulsion formation and / or during formation of emulsion). In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic ion pair can be formed prior to encapsulation of the therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid in a contemplated nanoparticle. In other embodiments, the hydrophobic ion pair can be formed in the nanoparticle, for example, after encapsulation of the therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid may have a solubility of less than about 2 g per 100 ml of water or less; in some embodiments, about 1 g per 100 ml of water or less; in some embodiments, about 100 mg per 100 ml of water or less, in some embodiments, about 10 mg per 100 ml of water or less, and in some embodiments, about 1 mg per 100 ml of water or less, determined at 25 ° C. In other embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can have a solubility ranging from about 1 mg per 100 ml of water to about 2 g per 100 ml of water; in some embodiments, from about 1 mg per 100 ml of water to about 1 g per 100 ml of water, in some embodiments, from about 1 mg per 100 ml of water to about 500 mg per 100 ml of water, and in some embodiments, from about 1 mg per 100 ml of water to about 100 mg per 100 ml of water, determined at 25 ° C. In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can be essentially insoluble in water at 25 ° C.
In certain embodiments, the hydrophobic acid may have a solubility of less than 2 g per 100 ml of water or less; in some embodiments, 1 g per 100 ml of water or less; in some embodiments, 100 mg per 100 ml of water or less, in some embodiments, 10 mg per 100 ml of water or less, and in some embodiments, 1 mg per 100 ml of water or less, determined at 25 ° C. In other embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can have a solubility ranging from 1 mg per 100 ml of water to 2 g per 100 ml of water; in some embodiments, from 1 mg per 100 ml of water to 1 g per 100 ml of water, in some embodiments, from 1 mg per 100 ml of water to 500 mg per 100 ml of water, and in some forms , from 1 mg per 100 ml of water to 100 mg per 100 ml of water, determined at 25 ° C. In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acid can be essentially insoluble in water at 25 ° C.
In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can be essentially free of the hydrophobic acid used during the preparation of the nanoparticles. In other embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can comprise hydrophobic acid. For example, in some embodiments, the acid content in the disclosed nanoparticles can range from about 0.05 weight percent to about 35 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 0.05 weight percent to about 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from about 0.05 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from about 0.5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 1 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 2 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 3 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 7 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 10 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 15 weight percent to about 25 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 15 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 20 weight percent to about 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 0.05 weight percent to about 0.5 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 0.05 weight percent to about 5 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 1 weight percent to about 5 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 3 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 5 weight percent to about 15 weight percent, and in some embodiments, from about 10 weight percent to about 20 weight percent.
In some embodiments, the acid content in the disclosed nanoparticles can range from 0.05 weight percent to 35 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 0.05 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 0.05 percent by weight to 20 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 0.5 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 1 percent by weight to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 2 percent by weight to
30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 3 weight percent to weight percent, in some embodiments, from 5 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 7 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 10 weight percent to 30 weight percent, in some embodiments, from 15 weight percent to 25 weight percent, in some embodiments, 15 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 20 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 0.05 percent by weight to 0.5 percent by weight , in some embodiments, from 0.05 percent by weight to 5 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 1 percent by weight to 5 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from 3 percent in weight at 10 percent by weight, in some embodiments, from about 1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, in some embodiments, from about 5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, in some forms of embodiment, from 5 weight percent to 15 weight percent, and in some embodiments, from 10 weight percent to 20 weight percent.
In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles release substantially immediately (eg, from about 1 minute to about 30 minutes, about 1 minute to about 25 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 1 hour, about 1 hour, or about 24 hours). In other cases, the release profile is slower: about 2% or less is released;
about 5% or less; about 10% or less; about 15% or less; about 20% or less; about 25% or, about 30% or less, about 40% or less of the therapeutic agent, by weight, for example, when placed in a phosphate buffer solution, for example, a buffer comprising phosphate buffer monobasic and dibasic (such as sodium chloride regulator, 0.138 M, potassium chloride, 0.0027 M, monobasic sodium or potassium phosphate, about 0.02 M, and dibasic sodium or potassium phosphate, about 0.01 M, dissolved in 1 liter of water for example RODI water), at room temperature (for example, 25 ° C) and / or at 37 ° C. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, to 25 ° C and / or 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to about 0.01 to about 50%, in some embodiments, about 0.01 to about 25%, in some embodiments, about 0.01 to about 15%, in some embodiments, about 0.01 to about 10%, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 40%, in some embodiments, about 5 to about 40%, and in some embodiments, about 10 to about 40% of the therapeutic agent released, by weight, for about 1 hour. In some embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C , at a rate substantially corresponding to about 10 to about 70%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 45%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 35%, or in some embodiments, about 10 to about 25%, of therapeutic agent released by weight for about 4 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, to 25 ° C and / or 37 ° C, at an index substantially corresponding to
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 50%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 25%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 15%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 10%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>5%, and</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
about 0.01 to about 3% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for about 4 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 60%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 25%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 15%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 10%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>5%, and</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
about 0.01 to about 3% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for about 10 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 70%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 50%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 25%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 15%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 10%,</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 0.01</td><td>to</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>5%, and</td><td>in</td><td>some</td><td>shapes</td><td>of</td><td>realization,</td>
about 0.01 to about 3% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for about 20 hours. In certain embodiments, the nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to about 1 to about 80%, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 50%, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 30%, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 25%, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 15%, in some embodiments, about 1 to about 10%, and in some embodiments, about 1 to about 5% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for about 40 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a substantially corresponding index of about 10 to about 100%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 80%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 70%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 60%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 50%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 40%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 30%, in some embodiments, about 10 to about 20% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for about 100 hours.
In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles release substantially Immediately (eg, 1 minute to 30 minutes, 1 minute to 25 minutes, 5 minutes to 30 minutes, 5 minutes to 1 hour, 1 hour, or 24 hours) . In other cases, the release profile is slower: 2% or less is released; 5% or less; 10% or less; 15% or less; 20% or less; 25%, 30% or less 40% or less of the therapeutic agent, by weight, for example, when placed in a phosphate buffer solution, for example, a buffer comprising monobasic and dibasic phosphate buffer (such as sodium chloride, 0.138 M, potassium chloride, 0.0027 M, monobasic sodium or potassium phosphate, about 0.02 M, and dibasic sodium or potassium phosphate, about 0.01 M, dissolved in 1 liter of water, for example, water RODI), at room temperature (for example, 25 ° C) and / or at 37 ° C. In certain embodiments, the nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to 0.01 to 50%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 25%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 15%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 10%, in some embodiments, 1 to 40%, in some embodiments, 5 to 40%, and in some embodiments, 10 to 40% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for 1 hour. In some embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C , at a rate substantially corresponding to 10 to 70%, in some embodiments, 10 to 45%, in some embodiments, 10 to 35%, or in some embodiments, 10 to 25%, of therapeutic agent, released by weight for 4 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to 0.01 to 50%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 25%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 15%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 10%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 5%, and in some embodiments, 0.01 to 3% of the therapeutic agent released by weight over 4 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to 0.01 to 60%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 25%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 15%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 10%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 5%, and in some embodiments, 0.01 to 3% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for 10 hours. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to 0.01 to 70%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 50%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 25%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 15%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 10%, in some embodiments, 0.01 to 5%, and in some embodiments, 0.01 to 3% of the therapeutic agent released by weight for 20 hours. In certain embodiments, the nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above) eg, to
25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a substantially corresponding rate 1 to 80%, in some embodiments, 1 to 50%, in some embodiments, 1 to 30%, in some embodiments, 1 to 25%, in some embodiments, 1 to 15%, in some embodiments, 1 to 10%, and in some embodiments, 1 to 5% of the therapeutic agent released by weight over 40 hours. In certain embodiments, the nanoparticles comprising the therapeutic agent can release the therapeutic agent when placed in an aqueous solution (eg, a phosphate buffer solution, as described in the present application above), eg, at 25 ° C and / or at 37 ° C, at a rate substantially corresponding to 10 to 100%, in some embodiments, 10 to 80%, in some embodiments, 10 to 70%, in some embodiments, 10 to 60%, in some embodiments 10 to 50%, in some embodiments 10 to 40%, in some embodiments 10 to 30%, in some embodiments 10 to 20% of the therapeutic agent released by weight during 100 hours.
In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can substantially retain the therapeutic agent, for example, for at least about 1 minute, at least about 1 hour or more, when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
In some embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can substantially retain the therapeutic agent, for example, for at least 1 minute, at least 1 hour or more, when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
In one embodiment, the disclosed therapeutic nanoparticles can include a targeting ligand, eg, a low molecular weight ligand. In certain embodiments, the low molecular weight ligand is conjugated to a polymer, and the nanoparticle comprises a certain ratio of ligand-conjugated polymer (eg, PLA-PEG-Ligand) to non-functionalized polymer (eg, PLA- PEG or PLGA-PEG). The nanoparticle can have an effective ratio of these two polymers, such that an effective amount of ligand is associated with the nanoparticle for the treatment of a disease or disorder, such as cancer. For example, a higher ligand density can increase binding to the target (cell binding / target absorption), thus rendering the nanoparticle "target specific". Alternatively, a certain concentration of non-functionalized polymer (eg, PLGA-PEG non-functionalized copolymer) in the nanoparticle can control inflammation and / or immunogenicity (i.e. the ability to elicit an immune response), and allow the nanoparticle have an adequate circulation half-life for the treatment of an illness or disorder. For example, in one embodiment, the molar ratio of non-functionalized polymer to ligand-conjugated polymer ranges from about 0.01 to about 0.1, and in another embodiment, from about 0.01 to about 0.05, such as, for example, about 0.025. Additionally, the non-functionalized polymer, in some embodiments, can decrease the clearance rate of the circulatory system through the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Therefore, the non-functionalized polymer can provide the nanoparticle with features that can allow the particle to travel through the body with administration. In some embodiments, an unfunctionalized polymer can balance an otherwise high concentration of ligands, which can otherwise accelerate clearance by the subject, thereby producing less delivery to the target cells.
In another embodiment, the molar ratio of non-functionalized polymer to ligand-conjugated polymer ranges from 0.01 to 0.1, and in another embodiment, from 0.01 to 0.05, such as, for example, 0.025.
In some embodiments, the nanoparticles disclosed in this application can include ligand-conjugated functionalized polymers that range from about 0.1 to about 50, for example, about 0.1 to about 30, for example, about 0.1 to about 20, for example, about 0.1 to about 10 mole percent of the entire nanoparticle polymer composition (i.e. functionalized polymer + non-functionalized polymer). Also disclosed in this application, in another embodiment, are nanoparticles that include a conjugated polymer (eg, covalently (i.e., via a linker (eg, an alkylene linker)) or a bond) with one or plus low molecular weight ligands, where the weight percentage of low molecular weight ligand to total polymer ranges from about 0.001 to about 5, for example, from about 0.001 to about 2, for example, from about 0.001 to about 1.
In some embodiments, the nanoparticles disclosed in this application may include ligand-conjugated functionalized polymers that range from 0.1 - 50, for example, 0.1 - 30, for example, 0.1 - 20, for example, 0.1 - 10 per mole percent of the entire nanoparticle polymer composition (i.e., functionalized polymer + non-functionalized polymer). Also disclosed in this application are nanoparticles that include a polymer conjugated to one or more low molecular weight ligands, where the weight percentage of low molecular weight ligand with respect to the total polymer varies from 0.001 to 5, for example, from 0.001 to 2, for example 0.001 to 1.
In general, a "nanoparticle" refers to any particle that has a diameter of less than 1000nm, for example, from about 10nm to about 200nm. The disclosed therapeutic nanoparticles can include nanoparticles having a diameter ranging from about 60 to about 120nm, or from about 70 to about 120nm, or from about 80 to about 120nm, or from about 90 at about 120nm, or from about 100 to about 120nm, or from about 60 to about 130nm, or from about 70 to about 130nm, or from about 80 to about 130nm, or from about 90 to about 130 nm, or about 100 to about 130nm, or about 110 to about 130nm, or about 60 to about 140nm, or about 70 to about 140nm, or about 80 to about 140nm, or about 90 to about 140nm, or about 100 to about 140nm, or about 110 to about 140nm, or about 60 to about 150nm, or from about 70 to about 150nm, or from about 80 to about 150nm, or about 90 to about 150nm, or about 100 to about 150nm, or about 110 to about 150nm, or about 120 to about
150 nm.
The disclosed therapeutic nanoparticles may include nanoparticles having a diameter ranging from 60 to 120 nm, or from 70 to 120 nm, or from 80 to 120 nm, or from 90 to 120 nm, or from 100 to 120 nm, or from 60 at 130 nm, or 70 to 130 nm, or 80 to 130 nm, or 90 to 130 nm, or 100 to 130 nm, or 110 to 130 nm, or 60 to 140 nm, or 70 to 140 nm, or 80 to 140 nm, or 90 to 140 nm, or
100 at 140nm, or 110-140nm, or 60-150nm, or 70-150nm, or 80-150nm, or 90-150nm, or 100-150nm, or 110a 150 nm, or 120 a
150 nm.
Polymers.
In some embodiments, the nanoparticles can comprise a mixture of polymers and the therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent and / or targeting moiety (ie, a low molecular weight ligand) may be associated with at least part of the polymer matrix. For example, in some embodiments, a targeting moiety (eg, ligand) may be covalently associated with the surface of a polymer matrix. In some embodiments, covalent association is mediated by a linker. The therapeutic agent may be associated with the surface of the polymeric matrix, or encapsulated within the polymeric matrix, or surrounded by the polymeric matrix, and / or dispersed through the polymeric matrix.
A wide variety of polymers and methods for particle formation from them are known in the art of drug delivery. In some embodiments, the disclosure is directed to nanoparticles with at least two macromolecules, where the first macromolecule comprises a first polymer linked to a low molecular weight ligand (eg, drecclonamlent moiety); and the second macromolecule comprises a second polymer that is not linked to a drectional residue. The nanoparticle may optionally include one or more additional polymers, not non-linkages.
Any suitable polymer can be used in the disclosed nanoparticles. Polymers can be natural or unnatural (synthetic). The polymers can be homopolymers or copolymers that comprise two or more monomers. In terms of sequence, the copolymers can be random, block, or comprise a combination of random and block sequences. Typically, the polymers are organic polymers.
The term "polymer", as used in the present application, is provided with its common meaning as used in the art, ie, a molecular structure comprising one or more repeating units (monomers), connected by covalent bonds. The repeating units may all be Identical, or in some cases, there may be more than one type of repeating unit present within the polymer. In some cases, the polymer can be biologically derived, that is, a biopolymer. Non-limiting examples include peptides or proteins. In some cases, additional residues may also occur in the polymer, for example, biological residues such as those described below. If more than one type of repeating unit is present within the polymer, then the polymer is said to be a "copolymer". It is understood that in any embodiment employing a polymer, the polymer employed may be a copolymer, in some cases. The repeating units that form the copolymer can be arranged in any way. For example, the repeating units may be arranged in a random order, in an alternating order, or as a block copolymer, that is, comprising one or more regions where each comprises a first repeating unit (eg, a first block), and one or more regions each comprising a second repeating unit (eg, a second block), etc. Block copolymers can have two (one diblock copolymer), three (one triblock copolymer), or more numbers of different blocks.
The disclosed particles may include copolymers, which, in some embodiments, describe two or more polymers (such as those described in this application) that have been commonly associated with one another by covalent bonding of the two or more polymers between yes. Therefore, a copolymer can comprise a first polymer and a second polymer, which have been conjugated to each other to form a block copolymer where the first polymer can be a first block of the block copolymer, and the second polymer can be a second block copolymer block. Naturally, those skilled in the art will understand that a block copolymer, in some cases, may contain multiple polymer blocks, and that a block copolymer, as used in the present application, is not limited to only one block copolymer having a single first block and a single second block. For example, a block copolymer can comprise a first block comprising a first polymer, a second block comprising a second polymer, and a third block comprising a third polymer or the first polymer, etc. In some cases, the block copolymers can contain any number of first blocks of a first polymer and second blocks of a second polymer (and in certain cases, third blocks, fourth blocks, etc.). Furthermore, it should be noted that block copolymers can also be formed, in some cases, from other block copolymers. For example, a first block copolymer can be conjugated with another polymer (which can be a homopolymer, a biopolymer, another block copolymer, etc.), to form a new block copolymer containing multiple types of blocks, and / or with other residues (for example, with non-polymeric residues).
In some embodiments, the polymer (eg, copolymer, eg, block copolymer) can be amphiphilic, that is, having a hydrophilic moiety and a hydrophobic moiety, or a relatively hydrophilic moiety and a relatively hydrophobic moiety. A hydrophilic polymer can be one that generally attracts water, and a hydrophobic polymer can be one that generally repels water. A hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer can be identified, for example, by preparing a sample of the polymer and measuring its contact angle with water (typically, the polymer will have a contact angle of less than 60 °, whereas a hydrophobic polymer will have a contact angle greater than about 60 °). In some cases, the hydrophilicity of two or more polymers can be measured relative to each other, that is, a first polymer can be more hydrophilic than a second polymer. For example, the first polymer may have a lower contact angle than the second polymer.
In a group of embodiments, a polymer (eg, copolymer, eg, block copolymer) contemplated in this application includes a biocompatible polymer, i.e., the polymer that typically does not induce an adverse response when inserted or injected in a living subject, eg, without significant inflammation and / or acute rejection of the polymer by the immune system, eg, via a T-cell response. Accordingly, the therapeutic particles contemplated herein may be non-immunogenic. The term non-immunogenic, as used in the present application, refers to endogenous growth factor in its native state, which normally does not produce, or produces only minimal levels of, circulating antibodies, T cells, or reactive immune cells, and that normally it does not produce in the individual an immune response against itself.
Biocompatibility typically refers to the acute rejection of material by at least a portion of the immune system; that is, a non-biocompatible material implanted in a subject elicits an immune response in the subject, which may be severe enough that the rejection of the material by the immune system cannot be adequately controlled, and is frequently of such that the material must be removed from the subject. A simple test to determine biocompatibility may consist of exposing a polymer to cells in vitro; biocompatible polymers are polymers that will not typically cause significant cell death in moderate concentrations, for example, in concentrations of 50 micrograms / 10<sup>6</sup> cells. For example, a biocompatible polymer can cause less than about 20% cell death when exposed to cells such as fibroblasts or epithelial cells, even when phagocytosed or otherwise absorbed by such cells. Non-limiting examples of biocompatible polymers that may be useful in various embodiments include polydioxanone (PDO), polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyhydroxybutyrate, poly (glycerol sebacate), polyglycolide (i.e. poly (glycolic acid)) (PGA), polylactide (i.e. , poly (lactic) acid (PLA), poly (lactic) -co-poly (glycolic) acid (PLGA), polycaprolactone, or copolymers or derivatives including these and / or other polymers.
In certain embodiments, the contemplated biocompatible polymers may be biodegradable, that is, the polymer is capable of degradation, chemically and / or biologically, within a physiological environment, such as within the body. As used in the present application, biodegradable polymers are those that, when introduced into cells, are decomposed by cellular machinery (biologically degradable) and / or by a chemical process, such as hydrolysis (chemically degradable) into components that cells can either be reused or discarded without significant toxic effect on cells. In one embodiment, the biodegradable polymer and its degradation by-products can be biocompatible.
The particles disclosed in this application may or may not contain PEG. In addition, certain embodiments may be directed to a poly (ester-ether) containing copolymers, eg, polymers having repeat units linked by ester linkages (eg, R linkages).<sup>100</sup>-C (O) -OR<sup>1</sup>) and ether bonds (eg R bonds<sup>1</sup>-OR<sup>1</sup> where R<sup>100</sup> and R<sup>1</sup> they are independently hydrocarbyl moieties which may be optionally substituted and which may be the same or different). In some embodiments, a biodegradable polymer, such as a hydrolyzable polymer, which contains carboxylic acid groups, can be conjugated with poly (ethylene glycol) repeat units to form a poly (ether-ether). A polymer (eg, copolymer, eg, block copolymer) containing poly (ethylene glycol) repeat units may further be referred to as a polymer
PEGylated.
For example, a contemplated polymer may be one that spontaneously hydrolyzes upon exposure to water (eg, within a subject), or the polymer may degrade upon exposure to heat (eg, at temperatures around 37 ° C) . Degradation of a polymer can occur at various rates, depending on the polymer or copolymer used. For example, the half-life of the polymer (the time at which 50% of the polymer can degrade into monomers and / or other non-polymeric residues) may be on the order of days, weeks, months, or years, depending on the polymer. The polymers can be biologically degraded, for example, by enzymatic activity or cellular machinery, in some cases, for example, through exposure to a lysozyme (for example, which has a relatively low pH). In some cases, polymers can be broken down into monomers and / or other non-polymeric moieties that cells can either reuse or dispose of without significant toxic effect on cells (eg, polylactide can be hydrolyzed to lactic acid; polyglycolide can be hydrolyzed to form glycolic acid, etc.).
In some embodiments, the polymers can be polyesters, including copolymers comprising lactic acid and glycolic acid units, such as poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) and poly (lactide-coglycolide), collectively referred to in this application like PLGA; and homopolymers comprising glycolic acid units, referred to herein as PGA, and lactic acid units, such as poly-L-lactic acid, poly-D-lactic acid, poly-D, L-lactic acid, poly-L- lactide, poly-D-lactide and poly-D, L-lactide, collectively referred to herein as PLA. In some embodiments, exemplary polyesters include, for example, polyhydroxy acids; PEGylated lactide and glycolide polymers and copolymers (eg, PEGylated PLA, PEGylated PGA, PEGylated PLGA, and their derivatives). In some embodiments, the polyesters include, for example, polyanhydrides, PEGylated poly (ortho ester) poly (ortho ester), PEGylated poly (caprolactone), PEGylated polylysine, polylysine, poly (ethyleneimine), poly ( PEGylated ethyleneimine), poly (L-lactide-co-L-Usin), poly (serine ester), poly (4-hydroxy-L-proline ester), poly! [a- (4-aminobutyl) -L- glycolic acid], and its derivatives.
In some embodiments, a polymer can be PLGA. PLGA is a biocompatible and biodegradable copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid, and the various forms of PLGA can be characterized by the ratio of lactic acid: glycolic acid. The lactic acid can be L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, or D, L-lactic acid. The PLGA degradation rate can be adjusted by alternating the lactic acid-glycolic acid ratio. In some embodiments, PLGA can be characterized by a lactic acid: glycolic acid molar ratio of about 85:15, about 75:25, about 60:40, about 50:50, about 40:60, about 25: 75, or about 15:85. In some embodiments, the molar ratio of lactic acid monomers to a glycolic acid in the particle polymer (for example, the pLGA block copolymer or the PLGAPEG block copolymer) can be selected to optimize the various parameters such as water absorption, therapeutic agent release and / or polymer degradation kinetics.
In some embodiments, the polymers can be one or more acrylic polymers. In certain embodiments, acrylic polymers include, for example, copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, copolymers of methyl methacrylate, ethoxyethyl methacrylates, clanoethyl methacrylate, copolymer of amino alkyl methacrylate, poly (acrylic acid), poly (methacrylic acid ), methacrylic acid alkylamide copolymer, poly (methyl methacrylate), poly (methacrylic acid polyacrylamide, amino alkyl methacrylate copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate copolymers, polycyanoacrylates and combinations comprising one or more of the above polymers. The acrylic polymer may comprise fully polymerized copolymers of esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, with a low content of quaternary ammonium groups.
In some embodiments, the polymers can be cationic polymers. In general, cationic polymers are capable of condensing and / or protecting negatively charged strands of nucleic acids (eg, DNA, RNA, or their derivatives). Amine-containing polymers such as poEi (lysine), polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly (amidoamine) dendrimers are contemplated for use, in some embodiments, in a disclosed particle.
In some embodiments, the polymers can be degradable polyesters that carry cationic side chains. Examples of these polyesters include poly (L-lactide-co-L-lysine), poly (serine ester), poly (4-hydroxy15 L-proline ester).
It is contemplated that PEG can be terminated, and include an end group, for example, when PEG is not conjugated to a ligand. For example, PEG may end in a hydroxyl, a methoxy or another alkoxy group, a methyl or another alkyl group, an aryl group, a carboxylic acid, an amine, an amide, an acetyl group, a guanidino group, or an imidazole. Other contemplated end groups include azide, alkyne, maleimide, aldehyde, hydrazide, hydroxylamine, alkoxyamine, or thiol moieties.
Methods and techniques for PEGylation of a polymer will be known to those skilled in the art, for example, using EDC (I-ethyl-3— (3-dimethylaminepropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride) and NHS (N-hydroxysuccinimide) to react a polymer with a PEG group terminating in an amine, by means of ring opening polymerization (ROMP) techniques, or the like.
In one embodiment, the molecular weight (or for example, the ratio of molecular weights of, for example, different blocks of a copolymer) of the polymers can be optimized for effective treatment as disclosed in this application. For example, the molecular weight of a polymer can affect the rate of particle degradation (such as when the molecular weight of a biodegradable polymer can be adjusted), solubility, water absorption, and drug release kinetics. For example, the molecular weight of the polymer (or, for example, the ratio of molecular weights of, for example, different blocks of a copolymer) can be adjusted such that the particle biodegrades in the treated subject within a reasonable period of time. (ranging from a few hours to 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks, 5-6 weeks, 7-8 weeks, etc.).
A disclosed particle may comprise, for example, a diblock copolymer of PEG and PL (G) A, where, for example, the pEG portion may have a number average molecular weight of about 1000-20,000, for example, about 2000-20,000, for example, about 2 to about 10,000, and the portion of pL (G) A can have a number average molecular weight of about 5000 to about 20,000, or about 5000-100,000, for example , around 20,000-70,000, for example, around 15,000-50,000.
For example, an exemplary therapeutic nanoparticle is disclosed herein that includes from about 10 to about 99 percent by weight of poly (lactic) glycol-poly (ethylene) glycol or poly (lactic) -co-acid copolymer poly (glycolic) —poly (ethylene) glycol, or from about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight, from about 20 to about 80 percent by weight, from about 40 to about 80 percent by weight , or from about 30 to about 50 percent by weight, or from about 70 to about 90 percent by weight, from about 70 to about 99.75 percent by weight, from about 80 to about 99.75 per percent by weight, from about 70 to about 80 percent by weight, or from about 85 to about 95 percent by weight, of poly (lactic) acid copolymer — poly (ethylene) glycol or pol acid copolymer (Lactic) -co-acid poly (glycolic) —poly (ethylene) glycol. In some embodiments, a therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 50 percent by weight, about 55 percent by weight, about 60 percent by weight, about 65 percent by weight, about 70 percent by weight, about 75 percent by weight, about 80 percent by weight, about 85 percent by weight, about 90 weight percent or about 95 weight percent poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer or poly (lactic) -co-poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) copolymer glycol. Exemplary poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymers can include a number average molecular weight ranging from about 15 to about kDa, or from about 10 to about 25 kDa of poly (lactic acid) , and a number average molecular weight of from about 4 kDa to about 6 kDa, from about 4 kDa to about 10 kDa, from about 6 kDa to about 10 kDa, or from about 2 kDa to about 10 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol.
In another example, an exemplary therapeutic nanoparticle is disclosed herein including 10 to 99 percent by weight of poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer or poly (lactic) -co-poly (glycolic acid) copolymer ) - poly (ethylene) glycol, or 50 to 99.75 percent by weight, 20 to 80 percent by weight, 40 to 80 percent by weight, or 30 to 50 percent by weight, or 70 to 90 percent by weight, from 70 to 99.75 percent by weight, from 80 to 99.75 percent by weight, 70 to 80 percent by weight, or 85 to 95 percent by weight, of copolymer of poly (lactic) acid — poly (ethylene) glycol or copolymer of poly (lactic) acid-co-poly (glycolic acid) - poly (ethylene) glycol. In some embodiments, a therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 50 percent by weight, 55 percent by weight, 60 percent by weight, 65 percent by weight, 70 percent by weight, 75 percent by weight, 80 percent by weight. weight, 85 weight percent, 90 weight percent, or 95 weight percent of poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer or poly (lactic) -co-poly (glycolic) acid copolymer - poly (ethylene) glycol. Exemplary poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymers can include a number average molecular weight ranging from 15 to 20 kDa, or 10 to 25 kDa of poly (lactic acid) and a number average molecular weight 4 kDa to 6 kDa, 4 kDa to 10 kDa, 6 kDa to 10 kDa, or 2 kDa to 10 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol.
In some embodiments, the poly (lactic) acid - poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer may have a poly (lactic acid) number average molecular weight fraction of from about 0.6 to about 0.95, in some embodiments , from about 0.7 to about 0.9, in some embodiments, from about 0.6 to about 0.8, in some embodiments, from about 0.7 to about 0.8, in some embodiments, from about 0.75 to about 0.85, in some embodiments, from about 0.8 to about 0.9, and in some embodiments, from about 0.85 to about 0.95. It should be understood that the number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic acid) can be calculated by dividing the number average molecular weight of the poly (lactic acid) component of the copolymer by the sum of the number average molecular weight of the poly acid component (lactic) and the number average molecular weight of the poly (ethylene) glycol component.
In some embodiments, the poly (lactic) poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer may have a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic acid) from 0.6 to 0.95, in some embodiments, from 0.7 to 0.9 , in some embodiments, from 0.6 to 0.8, in some embodiments, from 0.7 to 0.8, in some embodiments, from 0.75 to 0.85, in some embodiments, from 0.8 to 0.9, and in some forms of performance, from 0.85 to 0.95.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1 (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1, 3,5triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 7. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbon¡l} phen¡l) -3- [4 (4,6-dimorfolin-4-¡1-1,3,5-triazln-2-¡l) fen¡l] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a ratio weight of about 1: 4. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) p¡per¡dln — 1 — ¡l] carbonyl} phenil) —3— [4— ( 4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — 1—1,3,5 — triazln— 2-l) fenll] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1 : 14 (therapeutic agent: PLA-PEG). In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (dímet¡lam¡no) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbon¡l} fen¡l) - 3- [4- (4,6-d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazn2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio ) in a weight ratio of about 1: 3.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1 (4-¿[4- (dimethylamine) piper¡d¡n-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- ( 4,6-dlmorpholn-4-ll-1,3,515 trlazin-2-ll) fenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of 1 : 7. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piperidon-1-yl] carbonyl} phenil) —3— [4— (4 , 6— dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazln-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of 1: 4. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) p¡per¡d¡n-1¡l] carbonll} fenll) -3- [4- (4 , 6-dImorfolin-4—11—1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1:14 ( therapeutic agent: PLA-PEG). In certain embodiments, the nanoparticle
100 Therapeutic comprises 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorpholin-4-ii-1,3,5-triazin -2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a 1: 3 weight ratio.
The disclosed nanoparticles may optionally include about 5 to 1 to about 50 weight percent poly (lactic) acid or poly (lactic) -co-co-acid poly (glycolic) (not includes PEG), or may optionally include from about 1 to about 50 weight percent, or from about 10 to about 50 weight percent or from about 30 to about 50 weight percent poly acid (lactic) or poly (lactic) acid -co10 poly (glycolic acid). For example, poly (lactic) acid or poly (lactic) -copoly (glycolic) acid can have a number average molecular weight ranging from about 5 to about 15 kDa, or from about 5 to about 12 kDa .
The exemplary PLA can have a number average molecular weight ranging from about 5 to about 10 kDa. The exemplary PLGA can have a number average molecular weight ranging from about 8 to about 12 kDa.
The disclosed nanoparticles may optionally include 1 to 50 percent by weight of poly (lactic acid) or poly (lactic acid) -co-poly (glycolic) acid (which does not include PEG), or may optionally include of 1 to 50 percent by weight, or 10 to 50 percent by weight or 30 to 50 percent by weight of poly (lactic acid) or poly (lactic acid) -co-co-acid poly (glycolic) ). For example, poly (lactic) acid or poly (lactic) -co-poly (glycolic) acid can have a number average molecular weight ranging from 5 to 15 kDa, or from 5 to 12 kDa. The exemplary PLA
101 it may have a number average molecular weight ranging from 5 to 10 kDa. The exemplary PLGA may have a number average molecular weight ranging from 8 to 12 kDa.
A therapeutic nanoparticle, in some embodiments, can contain from about 10 to about 30 percent by weight, from about 10 to about 25 percent by weight, from about 10 to about 20 percent by weight. weight, from about 10 to about 15 weight percent, from about 15 to about 20 weight percent, from about 15 to about 25 weight percent, from about 20 to about 25 percent weight percent, from about 20 to about 30 percent by weight, or from about 25 to about 30 percent by weight of poly (ethylene) glycol, where the poly (ethylene) glycol can be presented as a copolymer of poly ( lactic) —poly (ethylene) glycol, poly (lactic) acid-copolymer poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) glycol, or poly (ethylene) glycol homopolymer. In certain embodiments, the nanoparticle polymers can be conjugated to a lipid. The polymer can be, for example, a lipid terminated PEG.
A therapeutic nanoparticle, in some embodiments, may contain 10-30 weight percent, 10-25 weight percent, 10-20 weight percent, 10-15 weight percent, 15 to 20 weight percent, 15 to 25 weight percent, 20 to 25 weight percent, 20 to 30 weight percent, or 25 to 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol, where poly (ethylene) glycol can be presented as a copolymer of poly (lactic acid) -
102 poly (ethylene) glycol, poly (lactic) acid-copolymer poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) glycol or homopolymer of poly (ethylene) glycol.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the PLA-PEG polymer, and the PLA-PEG mole ratio is around 5: 1. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the PLA-PEG polymer, and the PLA-PEG molar ratio is 5: 1.
Remains of addressing.
Provided in this application, in some embodiments, are nanoparticles that may include an optional targeting moiety, i.e., a moiety capable of different binding or association, with a biological entity, eg, a membrane component, a receptor cell surface, an antigen, or the like. A targeting moiety present on the surface of the particle can allow the particle to be located at a particular targeting site, for example, a tumor, a site of disease, a tissue, an organ, a type of cell, etc. In this way, the nanoparticle can then be "target specific". The drug or other charge can then, in some cases, be released from the particle, and interact locally with the particular targeting site.
In one embodiment, a disclosed nanoparticle includes a targeting moiety that is a low molecular weight ligand. The term "binding" or "binding", as used in the present application, refers to the interaction between a corresponding pair of molecules or their portions that exhibit mutual affinity or
103 binding capacity, usually due to specific or non-specific interaction or binding, including, without limitation, biochemical, physiological, and / or chemical interactions. "Biological binding" defines a type of interaction that occurs between pairs of molecules that include proteins, nucleic acids, glycoproteins, carbohydrates, hormones, or the like. The term "binding partner" refers to a molecule that can undergo binding with a particular molecule. "Specific binding" refers to molecules, such as polynucleotides, that are capable of binding or recognition of a binding partner (or a limited number of binding partners) to a substantially higher degree than other similar biological entities. In a group of embodiments, the targeting moiety has an affinity (measured by means of a dissociation constant) of less than about 1 micromolar, at least about 10 micromolar, or at least about 100 micromolar.
In some embodiments, the targeting moiety has an affinity (measured by means of a dissociation constant) of less than 1 micromolar, at least 10 micromolar, or at least 100 micromolar.
For example, a targeting portion can cause the particles to be localized to a tumor (eg, a solid tumor), a site of disease, a tissue, an organ, a type of cell, etc., within the organism of a subject, according to the rest of the addressing used. For example, a low molecular weight ligand can be localized to a solid tumor, for example, breast or prostate tumors, or cancer cells. The subject can be a human or non-human animal. Examples of subjects Include, without limitation, a
104 mammal such as a dog, cat, horse, donkey, rabbit, cow, pig, sheep, goat, rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, primate, human or the like.
Contemplated targeting moieties can include small molecules. In certain embodiments, the term "small molecule" refers to organic, natural, or artificially created compounds (eg, by chemical synthesis) that are relatively low in molecular weight and that are not proteins, polypeptides, or nucleic acids. Small molecules usually have multiple carbon-carbon bonds. In certain embodiments, the small molecules are around 2000 g / mol or less in size. In some embodiments, the small molecules are around 1500 g / mol or less, or around 1000 g / mol or less. In some embodiments, small molecules are about 800 g / mol or less, 500 g / mol or less, for example, from about 100 g / mol to about 600 g / mol, or about 200 g / mol to about 500 g / mol.
In certain embodiments, the small molecules are 2000 g / mol or less in size. In some embodiments, the small molecules are 1500 g / mol or less, or 1000 g / mol or less. In some embodiments, small molecules are 800 g / mol or less, 500 g / mol or less, for example, from 100 g / mol to 600 g / mol, or 200 g / mol to 500 g / mol .
In some embodiments, the low molecular weight ligand is of Formulas I, II, III, or IV:
105
C0<sub>2</sub>H
R<sup>1</sup> OR
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0006.tif" />
co<sub>2</sub>hn
P
II • CO<sub>2</sub>H co<sub>2</sub>h
HS
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0007.tif" />
H
CO<sub>2</sub>H
III
IV and its enantiomers, stereoisomers, rotamers, tautomers, diastereomers, or racemates;
where m and n are independently 0, 1, 2 or 3; p is 0 or 1;
R<sup>1</sup>, R<sup>2</sup>, R<sup>4</sup> and R<sup>5</sup> they are independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl (eg, Ci_io-alkyl, Ci_6alkyl, or C ^ -alkyl), substituted or unsubstituted aryl (eg, phenyl or pyridinyl), and any of their combinations; and R<sup>3</sup> is H or Ci_6-alkyl (eg CH<sub>3</sub>).
For the compounds of Formulas I, II, III and IV, R<sup>1</sup>, R<sup>2</sup>, R<sup>4</sup> or R<sup>5 </sup>They comprise nanoparticle attachment points, eg, a polymer attachment point that is part of a disclosed nanoparticle, eg, PEG. The point of attachment may be formed by a covalent bond, ionic bond, hydrogen bond, a bond formed by adsorption that includes chemical adsorption and physical adsorption, a bond formed from van der Waals bonds, or forces of dispersion. For example, if R<sup>1</sup>, R<sup>2</sup>, R<sup>4</sup>, or R<sup>5</sup>defined as an aniline or a Ci_6-alkyl-NH2 group, any hydrogen (eg, an amino hydrogen) from these functional groups could be removed such that the low molecular weight ligand is covalently linked to the polymeric matrix ( for example, the pEG block of the polymeric matrix) of the
106 nanoparticle. As used in the present application, the term "covalent bond" refers to a bond between two atoms formed by sharing at least one pair of electrons.
In particular embodiments of Formulas I, II, III or IV, R<sup>1</sup>, R<sup>2</sup>, R<sup>4</sup> and R<sup>5</sup> they are, independently, C ^ -alkyl or phenyl, or any combination of Ci_6-alkyl or phenyl, which are independently substituted one or more times with OH, SH, NH2 or CO2H, and where the alkyl group may be Interrupted by N (H), S, or O. In another embodiment, R<sup>1</sup>, R<sup>2</sup>, R<sup>4</sup> and R<sup>5</sup> are, independently, CH2-Ph, (CH<sub>2</sub>) 2-SH, CH<sub>2</sub>-SH, (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C (H) (NH<sub>2</sub>)CO<sub>2</sub>H, CH<sub>2</sub>C (H) (NH<sub>2</sub>)CO<sub>2</sub>H, CH (NH<sub>2</sub>) CH<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H, (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C (H) (SH) CO<sub>2</sub>H, CH2-N (H) -Ph, OCH<sub>2</sub>-Ph, or O- (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Ph, where Ph is phenyl, and where each Ph can be independently substituted one or more times with OH, NH<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>H or SH. For these formulas, NH groups<sub>2</sub>, OH or SH serve as the covalent attachment point to the nanoparticle (for example,
-N (H) -PEG, -O-PEG or -S-PEG).
107
Examples of ligands include: h<sub>2</sub>n.
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0008.tif" />
co<sub>2</sub>h <sup>h</sup>°2<sup>c</sup>/ n<sup>TO</sup>n¿-<sup>CO2H</sup>
Η Η Η H
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0009.tif" />
co<sub>2</sub>h
SH k
ho<sub>2</sub>cco<sub>2</sub>h.<sub>n</sub>X<sub>N</sub>/<sup>C0</sup>2<sup>H</sup>
Η Η H co<sub>2</sub>h
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0010.tif" />
O CO<sub>2</sub>H <sup>ho</sup>^ h '
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0011.tif" />
<sup>ηο</sup>/ · Λ N'f<sup>C0</sup>=<sup>H</sup>
Η Η Η H
CO<sub>2</sub>H
R o
HO<sub>2</sub>C- ^<sub>n</sub>JL<sub>n</sub> J — CO<sub>2</sub>H Η Η Η H
O CO<sub>2</sub>H II I CL Jk
Oh <sup>co</sup>’<sup>h</sup>
CO<sub>2</sub>H
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0012.tif" />
H, Nu <sup>l2</sup>%)<sub>n</sub> OR
HO<sub>2</sub>C-Js CO<sub>2</sub>K Η Η Η H nh<sub>2</sub> or
HO
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0013.tif" />
«CO<sub>2</sub>H H
CO<sub>2</sub>H
CO<sub>2</sub>H diastereomers, or racemates, where NH groups<sub>2</sub>, OH or SH serve as the covalent attachment point to the nanoparticle (eg, -N (H) -PEG, -O-PEG, or -S-PEG) or
Á indicates the point of attachment to the nanoparticle, where n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and
108 where R is independently selected from the group consisting of NH2, SH, OH, CO<sub>2</sub>H, Ci_6-alkyl substituted with NH<sub>2</sub>, SH, OH, or CO<sub>2</sub>H, and phenyl substituted with NH<sub>2</sub>, SH, OH, or CO<sub>2</sub>H, and where R serves as the covalent attachment point to the nanoparticle (eg, -N (H) -PEG, -S-PEG, -O-PEG, or CO<sub>2</sub>-PEG). These compounds may be additionally substituted with NH<sub>2</sub>, SH, OH, CO<sub>2</sub>H, Ci_ 6-alkyl which is substituted with NH<sub>2</sub>, SH, OH, or CO<sub>2</sub>H, or phenyl that is substituted with NH<sub>2</sub>, SH, OH or CO<sub>2</sub>H, where these functional groups can also serve as the covalent attachment point to the nanoparticle.
In some embodiments, small molecule targeting moieties that can be used to target cells associated with solid tumors such as prostate or breast cancer tumors include PSMA peptidase inhibitors such as 2-PMPA, GPI5232, VA- 033, phenylalkylphosphonamidates and / or their analogues and derivatives. In some embodiments, small molecule targeting moieties that can be used to target cells associated with prostate cancer tumors include thiol and indole thiol derivatives, such as 2-MPPA and 3- (2mercaptoethyl) -1 derivatives. / - / - indole-2-carboxylic acid. In some embodiments, small molecule targeting moieties that can be used to target cells associated with prostate cancer tumors include hydroxamate derivatives. In some embodiments, small molecule targeting moieties that can be used to target cells associated with prostate cancer tumors include PBDA and urea-based inhibitors, such as ZJ 43, ZJ 11, ZJ 17, ZJ 38, and / or its analogues and derivatives, agents of
109 androgen receptor targeting (ARTA), polyamines such as putrescine, spermine, and spermidine, inhibitors of the enzyme glutamate carboxylase II (GCPII), also known as NAAG Peptidase or NAALADase.
In another embodiment, the targeting moiety can be a ligand that targets the Her2 receptor, EGFR, folate, or toll receptors. In another embodiment, the targeting moiety is folate, folic acid, or an EGFR binding molecule.
For example, contemplated targeting moieties can include a nucleic acid, polypeptide, glycoprotein, carbohydrate, or lipid. For example, a targeting moiety can be a nucleic acid targeting moiety (eg, an aptamer, eg, the A10 aptamer) that binds to a specific cell type marker. In general, an aptamer is an oligonucleotide (eg, DNA, RNA, or an analog or derivative) that binds to a particular target, such as a polypeptide. In some embodiments, a targeting moiety can be a natural or synthetic ligand for a cell surface receptor, for example, a growth factor, a hormone, LDL (low-density lipid), transferrin, etc. A targeting moiety may be an antibody, where said term is intended to include fragments of antibodies. Characteristic portions of the antibodies, single chain targeting residues, can be identified, for example, using procedures such as phage display.
110
The targeting moieties disclosed in this application may, in some embodiments, be conjugated to a disclosed polymer or copolymer (eg, PLA-PEG), and said polymer conjugate may form part of a disclosed nanoparticle.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle has an additionally targeting ligand present, and the ligand is PLA-PEGGL, where GL has the following structure:
<img file="MX2016012009A_D0014.tif" />
co<sub>2</sub>ho X
TO<sub>or</sub>zi-CO<sub>2</sub>H Η Η KH
In some embodiments, a therapeutic nanoparticle can include a polymer-drug conjugate. For example, a drug may be conjugated to a disclosed polymer or copolymer (eg, PLA-PEG), and said polymer-drug conjugate may be part of a disclosed nanoparticle. For example, a disclosed therapeutic nanoparticle can optionally include from about 0.2 to about 30 weight percent of a PLA-PEG or PLGA-PEG, where the pEG is functionalized with a drug (eg, PLA-PEG-drug) .
In another example, a disclosed therapeutic nanoparticle can optionally include 0.2 to 30 percent by weight of a PLA-PEG or PLGAPEG, where the pEG is functionalized with a drug (eg, PLA-PEG20 drug).
111
A disclosed polymeric conjugate (eg, a polymer-ligand conjugate) can be formed using any suitable conjugation technique. For example, two compounds such as a targeting moiety or drug and a biocompatible polymer (eg, a biocompatible polymer and a poly (ethylene glycol)) can be conjugated to each other using techniques such as EDC-NHS (I-ethyl-3 chemistry). - (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and Nhydroxysuccinimide) or a reaction involving a maleimide or a carboxylic acid, which can be conjugated to one end of a thiol, an amine or a similarly functionalized polyether. Conjugation of a targeting moiety or drug and a polymer to form a targeting polymorph conjugate or a polymer-drug conjugate can be performed in an organic solvent, such as, without limitation, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, chloroform, dlmethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or the like. Specific reaction conditions can be determined by those skilled in the art using no more than routine experimentation.
In another group of embodiments, a conjugation reaction may be performed by reacting a polymer comprising a carboxylic acid functional group (eg, a poly (ester-ether) compound) with a polymer or other moiety (such as a targeting moiety or therapeutic drug) having an amine functionality on it. For example, a targeting moiety, such as a low molecular weight ligand, or the therapeutic agent can be reacted with an amine to form an amine-containing moiety, which can then be conjugated to the carboxylic acid of the polymer.
112
Said reaction can take place as a single stage reaction, that is, the conjugation is carried out without the use of intermediaries such as Nhydroxisuccinimide or a maleimide. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent can be reacted with an amine-containing linker to form an amine-containing drug, which can then be conjugated to the carboxylic acid in the polymer as described above. The conjugation reaction between the amine-containing moiety and the carboxylic acid-terminated polymer (such as a poly (ester-ether) compound) can be accomplished, in a group of embodiments, by the addition of the amine-containing moiety , solubilized in an organic solvent such as (without limitation) dichloromethane, acetonitrile, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, formamide, dimethylformamide, pyridines, dioxane, or dimethylsulfoxide, to a solution containing the carboxylic acid terminated polymer. The carboxylic acid terminated polymer may be contained within an organic solvent such as, without limitation, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, chloroform, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, or acetone. The reaction between the amine containing moiety and the carboxylic acid terminated polymer may occur spontaneously, in some cases. Unconjugated reagents can be washed off after such reactions, and the polymer can be precipitated in solvents such as, for example, ethyl ether, hexane, methanol, or ethanol. In certain embodiments, a conjugate can be formed between an alcohol-containing moiety and carboxylic acid functional group of a polymer, which can be accomplished in a manner similar to that described above for amine and carboxylic acid conjugates.
113
Preparation of nanoparticles.
Another aspect of this disclosure is directed to systems and methods for making the disclosed nanoparticles. In some embodiments, using two or more different polymers (eg, copolymers, eg, block copolymers) in different ratios and producing particles from the polymers (eg, copolymers, eg, block copolymers), the properties of the particles can be controlled. For example, a polymer (eg, copolymer, eg, block copolymer) may include a low molecular weight ligand, while another polymer (eg, copolymer, eg, block copolymer) may be selected for its biocompatibility and / or its ability to control the immunogenicity of the resulting particle.
In some embodiments, a solvent used in a nanoparticle preparation process (eg, a nanoprecipitation process or a nanoemulsion process as described below) can include a hydrophobic acid, which can confer convenient properties to the prepared nanoparticles using the process. As discussed above, in some cases, hydrophobic acid may improve the drug load of the disclosed nanoparticles. Additionally, in some cases, the controlled release properties of the disclosed nanoparticles can be improved by the use of hydrophobic acid. In some cases, the hydrophobic acid can be included in, for example, an organic solution or an aqueous solution used in the process. In one embodiment, the therapeutic agent is combined with a solution
114 organic and hydrophobic acid and optionally one or more polymers. The concentration of hydrophobic acid in a solution used to dissolve the therapeutic agent is discussed above, and can range, for example, from about 1 weight percent to about 30 weight percent or from 1 weight percent to 30 weight percent, etc.
In a group of embodiments, the particles are formed by providing a solution comprising one or more polymers, and contacting the solution with a non-solvent polymer to produce the particle. The solution can be miscible or immiscible with the non-solvent polymer. For example, a water-miscible liquid such as acetonitrile may contain the polymers, and the particles are formed as the acetonitrile comes into contact with water, a non-solvent polymer, for example, by pouring the acetonitrile into the water. at a controlled rate. The polymer contained within the solution, upon contact with the non-solvent polymer, can then precipitate to form particles such as nanoparticles. Two liquids are said to be "immiscible" or non-miscible with each other when one is not soluble in the other at a level of at least 10% by weight at ambient temperature and pressure. Usually an organic solution (for example, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, formamide, dimethylformamide, pyridines, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.) and an aqueous liquid (for example, water, or water containing dissolved salts or other species, cellular or biological media, ethanol, etc.) are immiscible with each other. For example, the first solution can be dumped into the second solution (at an appropriate rate or rate). In some cases,
115 Particles such as nanoparticles can be formed as the first solution contacts the second immiscible liquid; for example, precipitation of the polymer on contact causes the polymer to form nanoparticles while the first solution is poured into the second liquid, and in some cases, for example, when the rate of introduction is carefully controlled and maintained at a relatively slow, nanoparticles can form. Control of such particle formation can be easily optimized by one skilled in the art using only routine experimentation.
Properties such as surface functionality, surface charge, size, zeta potential (ζ), hydrophobicity, ability to control immunogenicity, and the like can be highly controlled using a disclosed process. For example, a library of particles can be synthesized and screened to identify particles that have a particular polymer ratio that allows the particles to have a specific residue density (eg, low molecular weight ligands). ) present on the surface of the particle. This enables the preparation of particles having one or more specific properties, for example, a specific size and a specific surface residue density, without an undue degree of stress. Therefore, certain embodiments are directed to screening techniques using such libraries, as are any particles identified using such libraries. Furthermore, identification can be produced by any suitable method. For example, the
116 Identification can be direct or indirect, or proceed quantitatively or qualitatively.
In some embodiments, the already formed nanoparticles are functionalized with a targeting moiety using procedures analogous to those described for the production of ligand-fired polymer conjugates. For example, a first copolymer (PLGA-PEG, poly (lactide-co-glycolide) and poly (ethylene glycol)) is mixed with the protonatable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent to form particles. The particles then associate with a low molecular weight ligand to form nanoparticles that can be used for the treatment of cancer. The particles can be associated with various amounts of low molecular weight ligands in order to control the surface density of the nanoparticle ligand, so as to alter the therapeutic characteristics of the nanoparticle. Additionally, for example, by controlling parameters such as molecular weight, PEG molecular weight, and nanoparticle surface charge, particles can be obtained with very precise control.
In another embodiment, a nanoemulsion process is provided, such as the process depicted in Figures 1, 2A, and 2B. For example, a therapeutic agent, a hydrophobic acid, a first polymer (eg, a diblock copolymer such as PLA-PEG or PLGA-PEG, either of which may be optionally linked to a ligand), and an optional second polymer ( for example, (PL (G) A-PEG or PLA), can be combined with an organic solution to form a first organic phase. Said first phase
117 may include about 1 to about 50% by weight solids, about 5 to about 50% by weight solids, about 5 to about 40% by weight solids, about 1 to about 15% in solids weight, or about 10 to about 30% solids weight. The first organic phase can be combined with a first aqueous solution to form a second phase. The organic solution may include, for example, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, sopropii alcohol, sopropll acetate, dlmetllformamlda, metlleno chloride, dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, benzyl alcohol, Tween ™ 80, Span 80, or the like, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the organic phase can include benzyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and combinations thereof. The second phase can vary from about 0.1 to 50% by weight, or from about 1 to 50% by weight, or from about 5 to 40% by weight, or from about 1 to 15% by weight, of solids . The aqueous solution may be water, optionally, in combination with one or more of sodium cholate, ethyl acetate, pollvlnll acetate and benzyl alcohol. In some embodiments, the pH of the aqueous phase can be selected on the basis of pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated basic therapeutic agent and / or pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid. For example, in certain embodiments, the therapeutic agent, when protonated, may have a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the hydrophobic acid can have a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the aqueous phase can have a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In a particular embodiment, the pH of the aqueous phase can be equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> which is approximately equidistant between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
118
In another embodiment, the first phase may include 1 to 50% by weight of solids, 5 to 50% by weight of solids, 5 to 40% by weight of solids, 1 to 15% by weight of solids, or 10 to 30% by weight of solids. In one embodiment, the second phase can range from 0.1 to 50% by weight, or from 1 to 50% by weight, or from 5 to
40% by weight, or from 1 to 15% by weight of solids. In a particular embodiment, the pH of the aqueous phase can be equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> which is equidistant between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
For example, the organic or oil phase can use a solvent that is only partially miscible with the non-solvent (water). Therefore, when mixing at a low enough ratio and / or when presaturated water is used with organic solvents, the oil phase remains liquid. The oil phase can be emulsified in an aqueous solution, and as liquid droplets, cut into nanoparticles using, for example, high-energy dispersion systems, such as homogenizers or probes. The aqueous portion of the emulsion, otherwise known as the "water phase," may be a surfactant solution consisting of sodium cholate and presaturated with ethyl acetate and benzyl alcohol. In some cases, the organic phase (eg, first organic phase) may include the basic therapeutic agent. Additionally, in certain embodiments, the aqueous solution (eg, first aqueous solution) may include the substantially hydrophobic acid. In other embodiments, both the basic therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can be dissolved in the organic phase.
119
The emulsion of the second phase in order to form an emulsion phase can be carried out, for example, in one or two emulsion stages. For example, a primary emulsion can be prepared, and then emulsified to form a fine emulsion. The primary emulsion can be formed, for example, using the simple mixture, a high pressure homogenizer, probe sonicator, stir bar, or a rotor stator homogenizer. The primary emulsion can be formed as a fine emulsion through the use of, for example, a probe sonicator or a high pressure homogenizer, for example, using 1, 2, 3 or more passes through a homogenizer. For example, when using a high pressure homogenizer, the pressure used may be from about 2.06 to about 4.13 bar (about 30 to about 60 psi), about 2.75 to about 3.44 bar (about 40 to around 50 psi), around 68.9 to around 551.5 bar (around 1000 to around 8000 psi), around 137.8 to around 275.7 bar (around 2000 to around 4000 psi), around 275.7 to around 551.5 bar (around 4000 to around 8000 psi), or around 275.7 to around 344.7 bar (around 4000 to around 5000 psi), for example, around 137.8, 172.3, 275.7 or 344.7 bar (about 2000, 2500, 4000 or 5000 psi).
In another example, when using a high pressure homogenizer, the pressure used can be from 2.06 to 4.13 bar (30 to 60 psi), 2.75 to 3.44 bar (40 to 50 psi), 68.9 to 551.5 bar (1000 to 8000 psi ), 2000 to 4000 psi (137.8 to 275.7 bar), 4000 to 8000 psi (275.7 to 551.5 bar), or 4000 to 5000 psi (275.7 to 344.7 bar), for example, 2000, 137.8, 172.3, 275.7 or 344.7 bar 2500, 4000 or 5000 psi).
120
In some cases, the fine emulsion conditions, which can be characterized by a very high surface to volume ratio of the droplets in the emulsion, can be selected so as to maximize the solubility of the therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid and form the desired HIP. In certain embodiments, under fine emulsion conditions, the equilibration of dissolved components can occur very quickly, that is, faster than solidification of the nanoparticles. Consequently, the selection of a HIP based on, for example, the difference in pK<sub>to</sub> between the protonated form of the therapeutic agent and the hydrophobic acid, or the adjustment of other parameters such as the pH of the fine emulsion and / or the pH of the quench solution, can have a significant effect on drug loading and properties. release of nanoparticles by dictating, for example, the formation of a HIP in the nanoparticle, in contrast to the diffusion of the therapeutic agent and / or the hydrophobic acid outside the nanoparticle.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can be combined in the second phase before the second phase emulsion. In some cases, the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can form a pair of hydrophobic ions before the second phase emulsion. In other embodiments, the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can form a pair of hydrophobic ions during the second phase emulsion. For example, the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can be combined in the second phase in substantially concurrent form with the emulsion of the second phase, for example, the
121 Therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can be dissolved in separate solutions (eg two substantially immiscible solutions), which are then combined during the emulsion. In another example, the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid can be dissolved in separate miscible solutions which are then fed in the second phase during the emulsion.
Either dilution or solvent evaporation may be necessary to complete solvent extraction and solidify the particles. For better control over extraction kinetics and a more scalable process, a solvent dilution can be used by aqueous quenching. For example, the emulsion can be diluted in cold water to a concentration sufficient to dissolve all of the organic solvent to form a quenched phase. In some embodiments, quenching can be performed at least partially at a temperature of about 5 ° C or less. For example, the water used in the quench may be at a temperature below room temperature (for example, around 0 to around 10 ° C, or around 0 to around 5 ° C). In certain embodiments, a quench having a convenient pH can be selected for quenching the emulsion phase, for example, by improving the properties of the nanoparticles, such as the release profile, or by improving a parameter of the nanoparticles , such as drug loading. The quench pH can be adjusted by titration of acid or base, for example, or by appropriate selection of a regulator. In some embodiments, the quench pH can be selected based on pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated basic therapeutic agent and / or pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid. For example,
122 in certain embodiments, the basic therapeutic agent, when protonated, may have a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the hydrophobic acid can have a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the emulsion phase can be quenched with an aqueous solution that has a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In some embodiments, the resulting quenched phase may further have a pH equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>. In a particular embodiment, the pH can be equal to one unit of pK<sub>to</sub> which is approximately equidistant between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
In certain embodiments, HIP formation can take place during or after emulsion, for example, as a result of equilibrium conditions in the fine emulsion. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that organic soluble counterions (i.e. hydrophobic acid) can facilitate diffusion of the therapeutic agent into a nanoparticle of an emulsion as a consequence of HIP formation. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, HIP may remain in the nanoparticle before solidification of the nanoparticle, since the solubility of HIP in the nanoparticle is greater than the solubility of HIP in the aqueous phase of the emulsion and / or in shutdown. For example, selecting a shutdown pH that is between pK<sub>to</sub> of the basic therapeutic agent and pK<sub>to</sub> of hydrophobic acid, the formation of ionized therapeutic agent and hydrophobic acid can be optimized. However, selecting a pH that is too high may tend to cause hydrophobic acid to diffuse out of the nanoparticle, while selecting a pH that is too high.
123 Too low may tend to cause diffusion of the therapeutic agent outside the nanoparticle.
In some embodiments, the pH of an aqueous solution used in a nanoparticle formulation process (eg, including, without limitation, the aqueous phase, the emulsion phase, the quench and the quench phase) can be independently selected and it can range from about 1 to about 3, in some embodiments, from about 2 to about 4, in some embodiments, from about 3 to about 5, in some embodiments, from about 4 to about 6, in some embodiments, from about 5 to about 7, in some embodiments, from about 6 to about 8, in some embodiments, from about 7 to about 9, and in some embodiments, from about 8 to about 10. In certain embodiments, the pH of an aqueous solution used in a nanoparticle formulation process can range from about 3 to about 4, in some embodiments, from about 4 to about 5, in some forms of embodiment, from about 5 to about 6, in some embodiments, from about 6 to about 7, in some embodiments, from about 7 to about 8, and in some embodiments, from around 8 to around 9.
In some embodiments, the pH of an aqueous solution used in a nanoparticle formulation process (eg, including, without limitation, the aqueous phase, the emulsion phase, the quench, and the quench phase) can be independently selected and it can vary from 1 to 3, in some
124 embodiments, from 2 to 4, in some embodiments, from 3 to 5, in some embodiments, from 4 to 6, in some embodiments, from 5 to 7, in some embodiments, from 6 to 8, in some embodiments, from 7 to 9, and in some embodiments, from 8 to 10. In certain embodiments, the pH of an aqueous solution used in a nanoparticle formulation process can range from 3 to 4, in some embodiments, from 4 to 5, in some embodiments, from 5 to 6, in some embodiments, from 6 to 7, in some embodiments, from 7 to 8, and in some embodiments, from 8 to 9.
In some embodiments, not all of the therapeutic agent is encapsulated in the particles at this stage, and a drug solubilizer is added to the quenched phase in order to form a solubilized phase. The drug solubilizer can be, for example, polysorbate 80 (Tween ™ 80), Tween ™ 20, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cyclodextran, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium cholate, diethylnitrosamine, sodium acetate, urea, glycerol, propylene glycol, glycofurol, poly (ethylene) glycol, brs (polyoxyethylene glycol) dodecyl ether, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether, or combinations thereof. For example, Tween ™ 80 can be added to the quenched nanoparticle suspension in order to solubilize the free drug and prevent the formation of drug crystals. In some embodiments, a ratio of drug solubilizer to protonatable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent is about 200: 1 to about 10: 1, or in some embodiments, about 100: 1 to about 10: one.
125
In some embodiments, a ratio of drug solubilizer to protonatable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent is 200: 1 to 10: 1, or in some embodiments, 100: 1 to 10: 1.
The solubilized phase can be filtered in order to recover the nanoparticles. For example, ultrafiltration membranes can be used in order to concentrate the nanoparticle suspension and substantially remove organic solvent, free drug (ie, non-encapsulated therapeutic agent), drug solubilizer, and other processing aids (surfactants). Exemplary filtration can be performed using a tangential flow filtration system. For example, using a membrane with a suitable pore size to retain nanoparticles while allowing the passage of solutes, micelles, and organic solvent, the nanoparticles can be selectively separated. Exemplary membranes with molecular weight cuts ranging from about 300 to about 500 kDa (~ from about 5 to about 25 nm) can be used. Exemplary membranes with molecular weight cuts ranging from 300 to 500 kDa (~ 5 to 25 nm) can be used.
Diafiltration can be performed using a constant volume approach, which means that the diafiltrate (cold deionized water, for example at around 0 to around 5 ° C, or 0 to around 10 ° C) can be added to the suspension feed at the same rate as the filtrate is removed from the suspension. In some embodiments, the filtration can include a first filtration using a first temperature of about 0 to about 5 ° C, or 0 to about 10 ° C, and a second temperature of about 20 to
126 around 30 ° C, or 15 to around 35 ° C. In some embodiments, the filtration may include a processing of from about 1 to about 30, in some cases from about 1 to about 15, or in some cases from 1 to about 6 diavolumes. For example, filtration can include processing from around 1 to around 30, or in some cases, from around 1 to around 6 diavolumes, around 0 to around 5 ° C, and processing of at least one diavolume (for example, about 1 to about 15, about 1 to about 3, or about 1 to about 2 diavolumes) at about 20 to about 30 ° C. In some embodiments, filtration involves processing different diavolums at different distinctive temperatures.
In some embodiments, the filtration can include a first filtration using a first temperature of 0 to 5 ° C, or 0 to 10 ° C, and a second temperature of 20 to 30 ° C, or 15 to 35 ° C. In some embodiments, filtration can include processing 1 to 30, in some cases 1 to 15, or in some cases 1 to 6 diavolumes. For example, filtration can include processing from 1 to 30, or in some cases, 1 to 6 diavolumes, at 0 to 5 ° C, and processing of at least one diavolume (for example, 1 to 15, 1 to 3, or 1 to 2 volts) at 20 to 30 ° C.
After purification and concentration of the nanoparticle suspension, the particles can be passed through one, two or more sterilization and / or depth filters, for example, using a ~ 0.2 pm depth pre-filter. For example, a sterilization filtration step may involve
127 Filtering the therapeutic nanoparticles using a filter train at a controlled rate. In some embodiments, the filter train can include a depth filter and a sterilization filter.
In another embodiment of the nanoparticle preparation, an organic phase is formed consisting of a mixture of the therapeutic agent and polymer (homopolymer, copolymer, and ligand copolymer). The organic phase is mixed with an aqueous phase at a ratio of approximately 1: 5 (aqueous oil phase) where the aqueous phase is composed of a surfactant and some dissolved solvent. The primary emulsion is formed by combining two phases under simple mixing or through the use of a stator rotor homogenizer. The primary emulsion is then formed as a fine emulsion through the use of a high pressure homogenizer. The fine emulsion is then quenched by adding mixed deionized water. In some embodiments, the quench: emulsion ratio may be from about 2: 1 to about 40: 1, or in some embodiments, from about 5: 1 to about 15: 1. In some embodiments, the quench: emulsion ratio is approximately 8.5: 1. In some embodiments, the quench: emulsion ratio may be from 2: 1 to 40: 1, or in some embodiments, 5: 1 to 15: 1. In some embodiments, the quench: emulsion ratio is 8.5: 1. Next, a Tween ™ solution (eg Tween ™ 80) is added to the quench to achieve approximately 2% Tween ™ in total. This serves to dissolve agent
128 therapeutic non-encapsulated free. The nanoparticles are then isolated through centrifugation or ultrafiltration / diafiltration.
It will be appreciated that the amounts of polymer, therapeutic agent, and hydrophobic acid that are used in preparing the formulation may differ from those of a final formulation. For example, part of the therapeutic agent may not be completely incorporated into a nanoparticle, and said free therapeutic agent may, for example, be filtered. For example, in one embodiment, a first organic solution containing about 11 percent by weight theoretical load of therapeutic agent in a first organic solution containing about 9% of a first hydrophobic acid (eg, an acid fatty), a second organic solution containing about 89 weight percent polymer (for example, the polymer may include about 2.5 mole percent of a polymer-conjugated targeting moiety and about 97.5 mole percent PLA-PEG), and an aqueous solution containing about 0.12% of a second hydrophobic acid ( for example, a bile acid) can be used in the preparation of a formulation that produces, for example, a final nanoparticle comprising about 2 weight percent of therapeutic agent, about 97.5 weight percent polymer (where the polymer may include about 1.25 weight percent of a polymer conjugated targeting moiety and about 98.75 weight percent PLA-PEG), and about 0.5% total hydrophobic acid. Such processes can provide final nanoparticles suitable for administration to a subject, including about 1 to about 20 per
129 weight percent therapeutic agent, eg, about 1, about 2, about 3, about 4, about 5, about 8, about 10, or about 15 percent therapeutic agent by weight.
In another embodiment, a first organic solution containing 11 percent by weight theoretical load of therapeutic agent in a first organic solution containing 9% of a first hydrophobic acid (eg, a fatty acid), a second organic solution containing 89 weight percent polymer (for example, the polymer may include 2.5 mole percent of a polymer-conjugated targeting moiety and 97.5 mole percent PLA-PEG), and an aqueous solution containing 0.12% of a second hydrophobic acid (for example, a bile acid) can be used in the preparation of a formulation that achieves, for example, a final nanoparticle comprising 2 weight percent of therapeutic agent, 97.5 weight percent polymer (where the polymer can include 1.25 mole percent of a polymer-conjugated targeting moiety and 98.75 mole percent PLA-PEG) and 0.5% total hydrophobic acid. Such processes can provide final nanoparticles suitable for administration to a subject, including 1 to 20 percent by weight of therapeutic agent, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, or 15 percent of agent. therapeutic by weight.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6— dimorfolin-4-I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and pamoic acid at a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid of about 0.1: 1 , about
130
0.5: 1, about 1: 1, about 1.1: 1, about 1.2: 1, about 1.3: 1, about 1.4: 1, about 1.5: 1, about 1.6: 1, about 1.7: 1, about 1.8: 1, about 1.9: 1, about 2: 1, about 2.5: 1,
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 3:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 3.5:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 4:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 4.5:1,</td>
<td>5 around</td><td>of</td><td> 5:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 5.5:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 6:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 6.5:1,</td>
<td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 7:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 7.5:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 8:1,</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td> 8.5:1,</td>
around 9: 1, around 9.5: 1, or around 10: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of about 0.5: 1, about 1: 1, about 1: 2, about 1: 3, about 1: 4, about 1: 5, about 1: 6, about 1: 7, about 1: 8, about 1: 9, about 1: 10, around 1:15, or around 1:20. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4-f [4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,615 dimorpholin-4-yl-1 , 3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, pamoic acid, in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid of about 1.8: 1, PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) at a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLAPEG of about 1: 3, and PLA-PEG-GL in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 44: 1. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises a solubilizer. In certain such embodiments, the solubilizer is polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4 - ([4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6131 dimorfolin-4-¡ I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and pamoic acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid acid of 0.1: 1, 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 1.1: 1, 1.2 : 1, 1.3: 1, 1.4: 1, 1.5: 1, 1.6: 1, 1.7: 1, 1.8: 1, 1.9: 1, 2: 1, 2.5: 1, 3: 1, 3.5: 1, 4: 1 , 4.5: 1, 5: 1, 5.5: 1, 6: 1, 6.5: 1, 7: 1, 7.5: 1, 8: 1, 8.5: 1, 9: 1, 9.5: 1, or 10: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3 , 1: 4, 1: 5, 1: 6, 1: 7, 1: 8, 1: 9, 1:10, 1:15, or 1:20. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4 {[4- (d-methylamino) piper¡d¡n-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,510 triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, pamoic acid, in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid of 1.8: 1, PLA-PEG (in a molar ratio of 16: 5) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of 1: 3, and PLA-PEGGL in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of 44: 1. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises a solubilizer. In certain such embodiments, the solubilizer is polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether.
In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piper¡d¡n-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6— dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and oleic acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to oleic acid of 0.1: 1, about 0.5: 1, about 1: 1, about 1.1: 1, about 1.2: 1, about 1.3: 1, about 1.4: 1, about 1.5: 1, about 1.6: 1, about 1.7: 1, about 1.8: 1, about 1.9: 1, about 2: 1, about 2.5: 1, about 3: 1,
132 about 3.5: 1, about 4: 1, about 4.5: 1, about 5: 1, about 5.5: 1, about 6: 1, about 6.5: 1, about 7: 1, about 7.5: 1, about 8: 1, about 8.5: 1, about 9: 1, about 9.5: 1, or about 10: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of about 0.5: 1, about 1: 1, about 1: 2, about 1: 3, about 1: 4, about 1: 5, about 1: 6, about 1: 7, about 1: 8, about 1: 9, about 1: 10, around 1:11, around 1:12, around 1:13, around 1:14, around 1:15, around 1:20, around 1:25, or around 1:30. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorphol! n-4-ll-1,3,5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea, oleic acid, at a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to oleic acid of about 1: 1.6, PLA -PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of about 1: 7, and PLA-PEG-GL in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 46: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle further comprises cholic acid. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises a solubilizer. In certain such embodiments, the solubilizer is polysorbate 80. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4 - {[4- (d-methylamino) piperid-n-1] carbonyl-phenyl) -3- [4- ( 4,6-d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl) phenyl] urea and acid
133 oleic in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to oleic acid of 0.1: 1, 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 1.1: 1, 1.2: 1, 1.3: 1, 1.4: 1, 1.5: 1, 1.6: 1, 1.7 : 1, 1.8: 1, 1.9: 1, 2: 1, 2.5: 1, 3: 1, 3.5: 1, 4: 1, 4.5: 1, 5: 1, 5.5: 1, 6: 1, 6.5: 1 , 7: 1, 7.5: 1, 8: 1, 8.5: 1, 9: 1, 9.5: 1, or 10: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, 1: 5, 1: 6, 1: 7, 1: 8, 1: 9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, or 1:30. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises the therapeutic agent 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4- yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, oleic acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to oleic acid of 6: 1, PLAPEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a ratio by weight of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of 1: 7, and PLA-PEG-GL in a weight ratio of PLAPEG to PLA-PEG-GL of 46: 1. In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises cholic acid. In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle additionally comprises a solubilizer. In certain such embodiments, the solubilizer is polysorbate 80.
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is a nanoparticle prepared by emulsifying a first organic phase comprising a first polymer, a therapeutic agent, and a substantially hydrophobic acid, so as to form an emulsion phase; quenching the emulsion phase so as to form a quenched phase; and filtration of the quenched phase in order to recover the therapeutic nanoparticles, where the therapeutic agent is 1134 (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin — 1- l] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4- (4,6-dimorfoiin-4-11-1,3,5triazin-2-yl) fenll] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
In other embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is a nanoparticle prepared by the process of combining a first organic phase with a first aqueous solution to form a second phase; the second phase emulsion in order to form an emulsion phase, where the emulsion phase comprises a first polymer, therapeutic agent, and a substantially hydrophobic acid; quenching the emulsion phase so as to form a quenched phase; and filtration of the quenched phase in order to recover the therapeutic nanoparticles, where the therapeutic agent is 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piper¡din-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-l-1,3,5-triazin2-l) fenll] urea, the first organic phase comprises the therapeutic agent and pamolco acid in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to pamolco acid of about 11: 1 and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of about 1: 3 in an organic solvent comprising benzyl alcohol and ethyl acetate in a weight ratio of benzyl alcohol to ethyl acetate of about 1.25, and the first aqueous solution comprises a chicken (full) (100) stearll ether dissolved in benzyl alcohol in a weight ratio of 0.005: 1, and the combination of the first organic phase and the first aqueous phase in a weight ratio of about 1: 5 to form a second phase; the emulsion of the second phase formed there and the quenching of the emulsion phase with citric acid, 0.1 M, in aqueous solution at pH 4.5; and the concentration of the resulting product.
135
The therapeutic agent may include alternative forms such as pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms, free base forms, hydrates, isomers, and their prodrugs.
An effective amount, when used in conjunction with a compound of this invention, is an effective amount to inhibit mTOR or PI3K in a subject.
The therapeutic agent of the present invention exhibits an inhibitory activity of mTOR (target or target of rapamlcin in mammalian cells, according to its acronym in English), and therefore, the therapeutic nanoparticle prepared from the therapeutic agent can be used to inhibit the abnormal cell growth in which mTOR plays a role. Consequently, the therapeutic nanoparticle of the present invention is effective in the treatment of disorders with which abnormal cell growth actions of mTOR are associated, such as restenosls, atherosclerosls, bone disorders, arthritis, diabetic retlnopathy, psoriasis, benign prosthetic hypertrophy, atherosclerosls,
Inflammation, anglogenesis, immunological disorders, pancreatitis, kidney disease, cancer, etc. In particular, the compounds of the present invention possess excellent inhibitory effects on the growth of cancer cells, and are effective in the treatment of types of cancer, preferably all types of solid cancer and malignant lymphomas, and especially leukemia, cancer of the skin, bladder cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, gastric cancer, brain tumor, advanced renal cell carcinoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, malignant melanoma, soft tissue or bone sarcoma, etc.
136
The therapeutic agent of the present invention exhibits PI3 kinase inhibitory activity, and therefore, the therapeutic nanoparticle prepared from the therapeutic agent can be used to inhibit abnormal cell growth in which PI3 kinases play a role. Accordingly, the therapeutic agent of the present invention is effective in the treatment of disorders with which abnormal cell growth actions of PI3 kinases are associated, such as restenosis, atherosclerosis, bone disorders, arthritis, diabetic retinopathy, psoriasis, prosthetic hypertrophy benign, atherosclerosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, immune disorders, pancreatitis, kidney disease, cancer, etc. In particular, the therapeutic nanoparticle of the present invention possesses excellent inhibitory effects on the growth of cancer cells, and is effective in the treatment of cancers, preferably all types of solid cancer and malignant lymphomas, and especially leukemia, cancer. skin cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, gastric cancer, brain tumor, head and neck cancer, for example, cancer of the following regions: the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, sinuses and nasal cavity, or salivary glands), advanced renal cell carcinoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, malignant melanoma, soft tissue or bone sarcoma, etc.
The therapeutic agent is also useful in the treatment of a type of cancer associated with PTEN deficiency. The deleted phosphate and tension homologous on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a lipid and protein phosphatase, and functions as a protein phosphatase by dephosphorylating protein substrates
137 in serine, threonine and tyrosine residues. PTEN also functions as a lipid phosphatase by dephosphorylation of phosphoinosital 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3), a key signaling component of phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3-kinase). PTEN is a known tumor suppressor that has been implicated in cellular processes including mediation of the MAP kinase signaling pathway, centromeric maintenance, and is implicated in DNA repair pathways through the mediation of gene expression. Rad51. Tumor suppressors play roles in maintaining genome stability, and the loss of function of these tumor suppressors is known to cause genomic instability. Genetic instability represents an inevitable consequence of the loss of tumor suppressors. In fact, frequent occurrence of the PTEN mutation and genetic instability are found in a wide range of PTEN-deficient cancers. Also, several tumor cell lines are known to be deficient in PTEN. Similarly, several tumor cell lines are known to be deficient in PTEN. Embryonic stem cells devoid of PTEN were shown to exhibit DNA repair checkpoint defects in response to ionizing radiation, resulting in the accumulation of unrepaired chromosomes with breaks and double-stranded DNA spaces. Other mechanistic studies revealed that the observed G2 checkpoint defects may result from functional impairment of the checkpoint protein, CHK1, due to a lack of PTEN. PTEN deficiency directly elevates AKT kinase activity, triggering CHK1 phosphorylation. Phosphorylated CHK1 undergoes ubiquitination, preventing its entry into the nucleus. The
138 CHK1 sequestration in the cytoplasm disrupts its normal function at the initiation of a DNA repair checkpoint. Furthermore, inactivation of CHK1 in PTEN-deficient cells leads to the accumulation of double-stranded DNA breaks. Examination of the location of CHK1 in a large panel of primary human breast carcinomas indicates a higher cytoplasmic level of CHK1 in tumor cells with lower expression of PTEN and high phosphorylation of AKT. Additionally, aneuploidy was frequently observed both in human breast carcinomas with low expression of PTEN and in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of Pten.sup. + / - mice. These in vitro and in vivo observations indicate that PTEN deficiencies are involved in initiating an oncogenic signaling process by causing dysfunction of important checkpoint proteins. The cytoplasm has been considered the primary site of PTEN for the production of its tumor suppressive function, and the ability of PTEN to block the pl3 kinase pathway through its phosphatase activity has been considered the key mechanism by which PTEN suppresses carcinogenesis. Although the cellular distribution of PTEN varies in different tissues, endogenous PTEN in neurons, gliomas, and thyroid cells, the pancreas, and skin is most often found in the nuclear compartment. Growing evidence indicates that malignant diseases may be accompanied by translocation of
PTEN from nucleus to cytoplasm. Inactivation of PTEN, either by mutations, deletions, or hypermethylation of promotqr, has been identified in a wide variety of tumors. The therapeutic agent of the present invention is a method of treating a type of cancer associated with a deficiency of
139
PTEN, such as endometrial carcinoma, glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiforme / anaplastic astrocytoma), prostate cancer, kidney cancer, small cell lung carcinoma, meningioma, head and neck cancer, thyroid cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, cancer of the breast, melanoma.
Pharmaceutical formulations.
The nanoparticles disclosed in this application can be combined with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers to form a pharmaceutical composition, according to another aspect. As will be appreciated by one skilled in this art, carriers can be selected based on the route of administration, as described below, the location of the target tissue, the drug delivered, the time course of drug delivery, etc.
The pharmaceutical compositions can be administered to a patient or subject by any means known in the art, including the oral and parenteral routes. The terms "patient" or "subject", as used in the present application, are interchangeable, and refer to humans as well as non-humans, including, for example, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. For example, nonhumans can be mammals (eg, rodent, rat, mouse, rabbit, monkey, dog, cat, primate, or pig). In certain embodiments, parenteral routes are desirable as they avoid contact with digestive enzymes found in the alimentary canal. According to said embodiments, the compositions of the invention can be administered by injection (for example, intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,
140 Intraperitoneal), rectally, vaginally, topically (such as by powder, cream, ointment, or drop), or by inhalation (for example, by spray).
In a particular embodiment, the nanoparticles are administered to a subject in need, systemically, for example, by injection or infusion.
IV.
Injectable preparations, for example, sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions, can be formulated according to the known art using suitable wetting or dispersing agents. The sterile injectable preparation may further be a sterile injectable solution, suspension, or emulsion in a non-toxic, parenterally acceptable solvent or diluent, for example, as a solution in 1,3-butanediol. Acceptable solvents and vehicles that can be used include water, compound sodium chloride solution, USP (United States Pharmacopeia), and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile fixed oils are conventionally employed, as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose, any soft fixed oil that includes synthetic mono- or diglycerides can be used. Furthermore, fatty acids such as oleic acid are used in the preparation of injectable products. In one embodiment, the conjugate of the invention is suspended in a carrier liquid comprising 1% (w / v) of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and 0.1% (v / v) of Tween ™ 80. Injectable formulations can be sterilized , for example, by filtering through a bacteria-retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of
141 sterile solid compositions that can be dissolved or dispersed in sterile water or other sterile injectable medium before use.
Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, lozenges, powders, and granules. In such solid dosage forms, the encapsulated or non-encapsulated conjugate is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, and / or (a) fillers or extenders such as starches, lactose , sucrose, glucose, mannitol and silicic acid, (b) binders such as, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidinone, sucrose and acacia, (c) humectants such as glycerol, (d) disintegrating agents such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or manioc starch, alginic acid, certain silicates, and sodium carbonate, (e) solution retarding agents such as paraffin, (f) accelerators of the absorption, such as quaternary ammonium compounds, (g) wetting agents such as, for example, cetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate, (h) absorbents such as kaolin and bentonite clay, and (i) lubricants such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate, and mixtures thereof. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the pharmaceutical form may further comprise pH regulating agents.
It will be appreciated that the exact dosage of a nanoparticle containing the therapeutic agent is selected by the individual physician in view of the patient to be treated; in general, dosage and administration are adjusted
142 way to provide an effective amount of the therapeutic agent nanoparticle to the treated patient. As used in the present application, the effective amount of a protonatable nitrogen-containing therapeutic agent-containing nanoparticle refers to the amount necessary to produce the desired biological response. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the effective amount of a nanoparticle containing the therapeutic agent may vary according to factors such as the desired biological endpoint, the drug to be delivered, the target tissue, the route of administration. , etc. For example, the effective amount of a nanoparticle containing the therapeutic agent could be the amount that achieves a reduction in tumor size by a desired amount over a desired period of time. Additional factors that can be considered include the severity of the disease: the age, weight, and gender of the treated patient; diet, time and frequency of administration; drug combinations; reaction sensitivities; and tolerance / response to therapy.
The nanoparticles can be formulated in unit dosage form, for ease of administration and uniform dosing. The term "unit dosage form", as used in the present application, refers to a physically separate nanoparticle unit appropriate for the patient to be treated. However, it will be understood that the total daily use of the compositions will be decided by the treating physician, within the scope of sound medical judgment. For any nanoparticle, the therapeutically effective dose can be estimated initially either in cell culture assays, or in animal models,
143 usually mice, rabbits, dogs or pigs. The animal model is also used to achieve a desirable concentration range and route of administration. Such information can then be used to determine useful doses and routes of administration in humans. The therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of the nanoparticles can be determined by means of conventional pharmaceutical procedures, in cell cultures or experimental animals, for example, ED<sub>5</sub>or (the dose that is therapeutically effective in 50% of the population) and LD50 (the lethal dose for 50% of the population). The dose ratio of toxic to therapeutic effects is the therapeutic index, which can be expressed as the ratio
LD50 / ED50. Pharmaceutical compositions exhibiting high therapeutic indices may be useful in some embodiments. Data obtained from cell culture assays and animal studies can be used in formulating a range of dosage for human use.
In one embodiment, the compositions disclosed in this application may include about 10 ppm palladium or less, about 8 ppm palladium or less, or about 6 ppm palladium or less. For example, a composition is provided herein that includes nanoparticles having a polymeric conjugate where the composition has less than about 10 ppm palladium or less.
In one embodiment, the compositions disclosed in this application may include 10 ppm palladium or less, 8 ppm palladium or less, or 6 ppm palladium or less. For example, a composition is provided here including
144 nanoparticles having a polymeric conjugate where the composition has less than 10 ppm palladium or less.
In some embodiments, a composition suitable for freezing is contemplated, including nanoparticles disclosed in this application and a solution suitable for freezing, for example, a sugar such as a mono, di, or polysaccharide, for example, sucrose and / or a trehalose, and / or a salt and / or a cyclodextrin solution that is added to the nanoparticle suspension. Sugar (eg, sucrose or trehalose) can function, for example, as a cryoprotectant to prevent aggregation of the particles with freezing.
For example, there is provided in this application a nanoparticle formulation comprising a plurality of the disclosed nanoparticles, sucrose, an ion halide and water; where nanoparticles / sucrose / water / ion halide are about 3-40% / 10-40% / 20-95% / 0.1-10% (w / w / w / w) or about 510% / 10-15 % / 80—90% / 1—10% (p / p / p / p). For example, such a solution may include nanoparticles as disclosed in this application, about 5% to about 20% by weight sucrose, and an ionic halide such as sodium chloride, in a concentration of about 10-100 mM. In another example, a nanoparticle formulation comprising a plurality of the disclosed nanoparticles, trehalose, cyclodextrin and water is provided in the present application; where the nanoparticles / trehalose / water / cyclodextrin are around 3-40% / 1-25% / 20-95% / 1-25% (w / w / w / w) or about 5-10% / 1— 25% / 80-90% / 10-15% (p / p / p / p).
145
In another example, there is provided in the present application a nanoparticle formulation comprising a plurality of the disclosed nanoparticles, sucrose, an ion halide and water; where the nanoparticles / sucrose / water / ionic halide are 3-40% / 10 ^ 0% / 20-95% / 0.1-10% (w / w / w / w) or 5-10% / 10-15% / 805 90% / 1—10% (p / p / p / p). For example, such a solution may include nanoparticles as disclosed in this application, 5% to 20% by weight of sucrose, and an ionic halide such as sodium chloride, in a concentration of 10-100 mM. In another example, a nanoparticle formulation comprising a plurality of the disclosed nanoparticles, trehalose, cyclodextrin and water is provided in the present application; where the nanoparticles / trehalose / water / cyclodextrin are 340% / 1-25% / 20—95% / 1-25% (w / w / w / w) or 5-10% / 1-25% / 80-90 % / 10-15% (p / p / p / p).
For example, a contemplated solution may include nanoparticles as disclosed in this application, about 1% to about 25% by weight of a disaccharide such as trehalose or sucrose (eg, about 5% to about 25% trehalose or sucrose, eg, about 10% trehalose or sucrose, or about 15% trehalose or sucrose, eg, about 5% sucrose) by weight) and a cyclodextrin such as βclclodextrin, at a concentration of about 1% to about 25% by weight (for example about 5% to about 20%, for example 10% or about 20% by weight, or about 15% to about 20% by weight of cyclodextrin). Contemplated formulations can include a plurality of the disclosed nanoparticles (eg, nanoparticles having PLA-PEG and an active ingredient), and about 2% to about 15% by weight (or about
146 from 4% to about 6% by weight, for example, about 5% by weight) of sucrose and from about 5% by weight to about 20% (for example, about 7% by weight to about 12% by weight, eg, about 10% by weight) of a cyclodextrin, eg, HPbCD).
In another example, a contemplated solution may include nanoparticles as disclosed in this application, 1% to 25% by weight of a disaccharide such as trehalose or sucrose (for example, 5% to 25% of trehalose or sucrose, for example, 10 % trehalose or sucrose, or 15% trehalose or sucrose, for example 5% sucrose) by weight) and a cyclodextrin such as β-cyclodextrin, in a concentration of 1% to 25% by weight (for example 5% to 20%, for example 10% or 20% by weight, or 15% to 20% by weight of cyclodextrin). Contemplated formulations can include a plurality of the disclosed nanoparticles (eg, nanoparticles having PLA-PEG and an active ingredient), and 2% to 15% by weight (or 4% to 6% by weight, eg 5% by weight) of sucrose and 5% by weight to 20% (for example, 7% by weight to 12% by weight, for example 10% by weight) of a cyclodextrin, for example HPbCD).
The present disclosure relates, in part, to lyophilized pharmaceutical compositions which, when reconstituted, have a minimal amount of large aggregates. Such large aggregates can be about 0.5 pm or larger, about 1 pm or larger, about 10 pm or larger, and may be undesirable in a reconstituted solution. Aggregate sizes can be measured using a variety of techniques including those Listed in the United States Pharmacopeia ("USP") at <788>,
147 incorporated in this application by reference. These tests outlined in USP <788> include a light obscuration particle count test, microscopic particle count test, laser diffraction, and single particle optical detection. In one embodiment, the particle size in a given sample is measured using laser diffraction and / or single particle optical detection.
USP <788> for a light obscuration particle count test establishes guidelines for sampling particle sizes in a suspension. For solutions less than or equal to 100 ml, the preparation complies with the test if the average number of particles present does not exceed 6000 per container, which is £ 10 pm, and 600 per container which are> 25 pm.
As outlined in USP <788>, the microscopic particle count test establishes guidelines for the determination of particle quantities using a binocular microscope set to 100 ± 10x magnification that has an eyepiece microscope. An eyepiece micrometer is a graticule of circular diameter consisting of a circle divided into quadrants with black reference circles denoting 10 pm and 25 pm when viewed at 100x magnification. A linear scale is provided below the graticule. The number of particles with reference to 10 pm and 25 pm was visually adjusted. For solutions with a quantity less than or equal to 100 ml, the preparation complies with the test if the average number of particles present does not exceed 3000 per container that are> 10 pm, and 300 per container, that are> 25 pm.
148
In some embodiments, a 10 ml aqueous sample of a disclosed composition, upon reconstitution, comprises less than 600 particles per mi having a size greater than or equal to 10 microns; and / or less than 60 particles by me that have a size greater than or equal to 25 microns.
Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) can be used for particle size measurement, although it is based on Brownian motion so the technique may not detect some larger particles. Laser diffraction is based on the differences in the refractive index between the particle and the suspension medium. The technique is capable of detecting particles in the sub-micron to millimeter range. Relatively small amounts (eg, about 1-5% by weight) of larger particles can be determined in nanoparticle suspensions. Single Particle Optical Detection (SPOS) uses light darkening of dilute suspensions to quantify individual particles around 0.5 pm. By knowing the concentration of particles in the measured sample, the percentage by weight of aggregates or the concentration of aggregates (particles / ml) can be calculated.
Aggregate formation can take place during lyophilization due to dehydration of the particle surface. This dehydration can be avoided by using lipid protectors, such as disaccharides, in the suspension, before lyophilization. Suitable disaccharides include sucrose, lactulose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, or cellobiose, and / or mixtures thereof. Other contemplated disaccharides include kojibiosa, nigerose, isomalt, β, β-trehalose, α, β-trehalose, sophorosa,
149 laminaribiosa, gentiobiosa, turanosa, maltulosa, palatinosa, gentiobiulosa, mannobiasa, melibiosa, melibiulosa, rutinosa, rutinulosa and xilobiosa. Reconstitution shows equivalent DLS size distributions compared to initial suspension. However, laser diffraction can detect particles> 10 pm in size in some reconstituted solutions. Additionally, SPOS can also detect particles of a size> 10 pm in a concentration higher than that of the FDA guidelines [10].<sup>4</sup>-10<sup>5 </sup>particles / ml for particles of> 10 pm).
In some embodiments, one or more ionic halide salts can be used as an additional lyoprotectant to a sugar, such as sucrose, trehalose, or mixtures thereof. The sugars can include disaccharides, monosaccharides, trisaccharides and / or polysaccharides, and can include other excipients, for example, glycerol and / or surfactants. Optionally, a cyclodextrin can be included as an additional lyoprotectant. Cyclodextrin can be added in place of the ionic halide salt. Alternatively, cyclodextrin can be added in addition to the ionic halide salt.
Suitable ionic halide salts can include sodium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, or mixtures thereof. Additional suitable salts of ionic halide include potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, potassium bromide, magnesium bromide, ammonium bromide, sodium iodide, iodide calcium, zinc iodide, potassium iodide, magnesium iodide or iodide
150 ammonium, and / or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, about 1 to about 15 weight percent sucrose can be used with an ion halide salt. In one embodiment, 1 to 15 weight percent sucrose can be used with an ionic halide salt. In one embodiment, the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition may comprise from about 10 to about 100mM sodium chloride. In one embodiment, the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition can comprise 10 to 100 mM of sodium chloride. In another embodiment, the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition can comprise about 100 to about 500 mM of divalent ionic chloride salt, such as calcium chloride or zinc chloride. In another embodiment, the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition may comprise 100 to 500 mM of divalent ionic chloride salt, such as calcium chloride or zinc chloride. In yet another embodiment, the suspension to be lyophilized may additionally comprise a cyclodextrin, for example, about 1 to about 25 weight percent cyclodextrin can be used. In yet another embodiment, the suspension to be lyophilized may additionally comprise a cyclodextrin, for example, 1 to 25 weight percent cyclodextrin may be used.
A suitable cyclodextrin can include α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, or mixtures thereof. Examples of cyclodextrins contemplated for use in the compositions disclosed in this application include hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPbCD), hydroxyethyl-3-cyclodextrin, sulfobutyl ether-3-cyclodextrin, methyl-p-cyclodextrin, dimethyl-p-cyclodextrin, carboxymethyl-P-cyclodextrin,
151 carboxymethyl etl- (3-cyclodextrin, diethyl-3-cyclodextrin, tr-O-alkyl-β-cyclodextrin, glocos, H3-cyclodextrin, and maltyl-3-cyclodextrin In one embodiment, about 1 to about 25 weight percent trehalose (eg, about 10% to about 15%, eg, 5 to about 20% by weight) can be used with cyclodextrin . In one embodiment, the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition can comprise from about 1 to about 25 weight percent β-cyclodextrin. An exemplary composition may comprise the nanoparticles comprising PLA-PEG, an active ingredient / therapeutic agent, about 4% to about 6% (eg about 5% by weight) of sucrose and about 8 to about 12 per weight percent (eg about 10 weight percent) of HPbCD. In one embodiment, 1 to 25 weight percent trehalose (eg, 10% to 15%, eg, 5 to 20% by weight) can be used with cyclodextrin. In one embodiment, the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition can comprise 1 to 25 weight percent β-cyclodextrin. An exemplary composition may comprise nanoparticles comprising PLA-PEG, an active ingredient / therapeutic agent, 4% to 6% (eg 5% by weight) of sucrose, and 8 to 12 weight percent (eg 10 percent by weight) of HPbCD.
In one aspect, a lyophilized pharmaceutical composition is provided comprising the disclosed nanoparticles, where, with reconstitution of the lyophilized pharmaceutical composition at a nanoparticle concentration of about 50 mg / ml, in a quantity less than or about 100 ml of a
152 aqueous medium, the reconstituted composition suitable for parenteral administration comprises less than 6000, such as less than 3000, microparticles greater than or equal to 10 microns in size; and / or less than 600, such as less than 300, microparticles greater than or equal to 25 microns in size.
The amount of microparticles can be determined by means known to the person skilled in the art, such as those described in USP <788>; by means of a light darkening particle count test, such as that described in USP <788>; by microscopic particle count test, laser diffraction and single particle optical detection.
In one aspect, a pharmaceutical composition suitable for parenteral use with reconstitution is provided, comprising a plurality of therapeutic particles comprising a copolymer having a hydrophobic polymer segment and a hydrophilic polymer segment; an active ingredient; a sugar; and a cyclodextrin.
For example, the copolymer can be poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol block copolymer. With reconstitution, 100 ml of aqueous sample may comprise fewer than 6,000 particles that are greater than or equal to 10 microns in size; and less than 600 particles that are greater than or equal to 25 microns in size.
The step of adding a disaccharide and an ionic halide salt may comprise the addition of about 5 to about 15 weight percent sucrose or about 5 to about 20 weight percent trehalose (for example, about 10 to about 20 weight percent trehalose), and
153 about 10 to about 500 mM of ionic halide salt. The ionic halide salt can be selected from sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and zinc chloride, or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, about 1 to about 25 weight percent cyclodextrin is further added.
In another embodiment, the step of adding a disaccharide and an ionic halide salt may comprise adding 5 to 15 weight percent sucrose or 5 to 20 weight percent trehalose (eg, 10 to 20 weight percent trehalose), and 10 to 500 mM of ionic halide salt. In one embodiment, 1 to 25 weight percent cyclodextrin is further added.
In another embodiment, the step of adding a disaccharide and a cyclodextrin may comprise adding about 5 to about 15 weight percent sucrose or about 5 to about 20 weight percent trehalose (for example, about 10 to about 20 weight percent trehalose), and about 1 to about 25 weight percent cyclodextrin.
In one embodiment, about 10 to about 15 weight percent cyclodextrin is added. Cyclodextrin can be selected from acyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, or mixtures thereof.
In another embodiment, the step of adding a disaccharide and a cyclodextrin may comprise adding 5 to 15 weight percent sucrose or 5 to 20 weight percent trehalose (for example, 10 to 20 percent by weight). weight of trehalose), and 1 to 25 percent by weight of cyclodextrin. In one embodiment, 10 to 15 weight percent cyclodextrin is added.
154
In another aspect, a method of preventing substantial particle aggregation in a pharmaceutical nanoparticle composition is provided, which comprises adding a sugar and a salt to the lyophilized formulation, in order to avoid aggregation of the nanoparticles with reconstitution. . In one embodiment, a cyclodextrin is further added to the lyophilized formulation. In yet another aspect, a method of preventing substantial particle aggregation in a pharmaceutical nanoparticle composition is provided, which comprises adding a sugar and a cyclodextrin to the lyophilized formulation, in order to avoid aggregation of the nanoparticles with the reconstitution.
A contemplated lyophilized composition may have a therapeutic particle concentration of greater than about 40 mg / ml. The formulation suitable for parenteral administration can have less than about 600 particles that are larger than 10 microns in a 10 ml dose. Lyophilization can comprise freezing the composition at a temperature above about ~ 40 ° C, or for example, less than about -30 ° C, to form a frozen composition; and drying the frozen composition to form the lyophilized composition. The drying step can take place at about 0.066 mbar (50 mTorr) at a temperature of around 25 to around -34 ° C, or around -30 to around -34 ° C.
A contemplated lyophilized composition may have a therapeutic particle concentration of greater than 40 mg / ml. The formulation suitable for parenteral administration can have less than 600 particles that are larger than 10 microns in a 10 ml dose. Freeze drying can
155 comprising freezing the composition at a temperature above -40 ° C, or for example, below -30 ° C, to form a frozen composition; and drying the frozen composition to form the lyophilized composition. The drying step can take place at 0.066 mbar (50 mTorr) at a temperature of
-25 to -34 ° C, or -30 to -34 ° C.
Treatment methods.
In some embodiments, the targeted nanoparticles can be used for the purpose of treatment. As used in the present application, the terms "treat" or "treatment" mean relief, improvement, palliation, delayed onset, inhibition of progression, reduction in severity and / or reduction in the incidence of one or more symptoms or traits of a disease, disorder, and / or condition. In some embodiments, the targeted nanoparticles can be used for the treatment of solid tumors, eg, cancer and / or cancer cells. In certain embodiments, the targeted nanoparticles or pharmaceutical compositions comprising the nanoparticles can be used for the treatment of any type of cancer where the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed on the surface of cancer cells or in the tumor neovasculature. in a subject who needs it, which includes the neovasculature of the prostate or solid non-prostate tumors. Examples of the pSMA-related indication include, without limitation, prostate cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal carcinoma, and glioblastoma.
156
In some embodiments, the targeted nanoparticles or pharmaceutical compositions comprising the nanoparticles can be used for the preparation of a medicament for relief, improvement, palliation, delayed onset, inhibition of advancement, reduction in severity, and / or reducing the incidence of one or more symptoms or features of a disease, disorder and / or condition. In some embodiments, the targeted nanoparticles or the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the nanoparticles can be used for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of any type of cancer where the prosthetic specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed on the surface of the cancer cells, or in the tumor neovasculature in a subject in need, which includes the prostate neovasculature or non-prostate solid tumors.
The term "cancer" includes premalignant as well as malignant cancers. Cancer types include, without limitation, blood cancer (eg, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma), prostate, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer , skin cancer, eg, melanomas or basal cell carcinomas, lung cancer (eg, non-small cell lung cancer), breast cancer, head and neck cancer, bronchial cancer, pancreatic cancer, urinary bladder cancer, brain or central nervous system cancer, peripheral nervous system cancer, esophageal cancer, cancer of the oral cavity or pharynx, liver cancer (for example, hepatocellular carcinoma), kidney cancer ( for example,
157 renal cell carcinoma), testicular cancer, cancer of the biliary tract, cancer of the small intestine or appendix, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, cancer of the salivary glands, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, cancer of hematological tissues, head or neck cancer, and the like. "Cancer cells" can present as a tumor (ie, a solid tumor), can occur alone within a subject (eg, leukemia cells), or can be cell lines derived from one type of cancer.
Cancer can be associated with a variety of physical symptoms. Cancer symptoms generally depend on the type and location of the tumor. For example, lung cancer can cause cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain, while colon cancer often causes diarrhea, constipation, and the presence of blood in the stool. However, in order to provide just a few examples, the following symptoms are often associated with many types of cancer: fever, chills, night sweats, cough, dyspnea, weight loss, loss of appetite, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, jaundice, hepatomegaly, hemoptysis, fatigue, malaise, cognitive dysfunction, depression, hormonal abnormalities, neutropenia, pain , sores without healing, enlarged lymph nodes, peripheral neuropathy and sexual dysfunction.
In one aspect, a method for the treatment of cancer (eg, leukemia) is provided. In some embodiments, cancer treatment comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of the targeted particles of the invention to a subject in need, in amounts and
158 for times as necessary to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments, a "therapeutically effective amount" of a targeted particle of the invention is that amount effective to treat, alleviate, improve, alleviate, delay onset, inhibit progression, reduce severity, and / or reduce the incidence of one or more cancer symptoms or traits.
In one aspect, there is provided a method for administering the compositions of the invention to a subject suffering from cancer (eg, leukemia). In some embodiments, the particles can be administered to a subject in amounts and for times as necessary to achieve the desired result (i.e., cancer treatment). In certain embodiments, a "therapeutically effective amount" of a targeted particle of the invention is that amount effective to treat, alleviate, improve, alleviate, delay onset, inhibit progression, reduce severity, and / or reduce the incidence of one or more cancer symptoms or traits.
The therapeutic protocols of the invention involve the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a targeted particle of the invention to a healthy individual (i.e., a subject who does not exhibit any symptoms of cancer and / or who has not been diagnosed with cancer). For example, healthy individuals can be "immunized" with a targeted particle of the invention, prior to the development of cancer and / or the onset of cancer symptoms; individuals at risk (eg, patients who have a family history of cancer; patients who carry one or more genetic mutations associated with the development of cancer; patients who have a genetic polymorphism associated with
159 cancer development; patients infected with a virus associated with the development of cancer; patients with habits and / or lifestyles associated with the development of cancer; etc.) can be treated substantially contemporaneously with (eg, within 48 hours, within 24 hours, or within 12 hours) the end of cancer symptoms. Naturally, individuals known to have cancer can receive the treatment of the invention at any time.
In other embodiments, the disclosed nanoparticles can be used to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, for example, myelogenous leukemia cancer cells. As used herein , the term "inhibits the growth of cancer cells" or "inhibition of the growth of cancer cells" refers to any decrease in the rate of proliferation and / or migration of cancer cells, arrest of the proliferation and / or migration of cancer cells, or death of cancer cells, such that the growth rate of cancer cells is reduced compared to that observed or predicted growth rate of an untreated control cancer cell. The term "growth inhibitory" may further refer to a reduction in the size or disappearance of a cancer cell or tumor, as well as a reduction in its metastatic potential. Preferably, such inhibition at the cellular level can reduce size, arrest growth, reduce aggression, or prevent or inhibit cancer metastasis in a patient. The experts in the
160 Techniques can determine without difficulty, by any of a variety of suitable Clues, whether the growth of cancer cells is Inhibited.
Inhibition of the growth of cancer cells can be evidenced, for example, by arresting cancer cells at a particular phase of the cell cycle, for example, arrest at the G2 / M phase of the cell cycle. Inhibition of cancer cell growth can also be evidenced by direct or indirect measurement of the size of the tumor or cancer cell. In human cancer patients, such measurements are generally made using well-known imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and X-rays. The growth of cancer cells can also be indirectly determined, such as by determining the levels of circulating carcinogenic embryo, prosthetic specific antigen or other cancer specific antigens that correlate with the growth of cancer cells. Inhibition of cancer growth is also generally correlated with prolonged survival and / or increased health and well-being of the subject.
Also provided in this application are methods of administration to a patient, of the nanoparticles disclosed in this application that include an active agent, where, upon administration to a patient, said nanoparticles substantially reduce the volume of distribution and / or substantially reduce the C<sub>max</sub> free, compared to administration of the agent alone (i.e. not as a disclosed nanoparticle).
161
In some embodiments, the therapeutic nanoparticle is administered with a compound selected from the group consisting of a topoisomerase I inhibitor, a MEK 1/2 inhibitor, an HSP90 inhibitor, procarbazine, dacarbazine, gemcitabine, capecitabine, methotrexate, taxol, taxotere, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, hydroxyurea, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, nitrosoureas, cisplatin, carboplatin, mitomycin, dacarbazine, procarbizine, etoposide, teniposide, campazecins, bleomycin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, daunorubicin, dactinomycin, plicamycin, mitoxantrone, lasparaginase, doxorubicin, epirubicin, 5-fluoruracil, doceustin, paclitaxel, leucovorin, levamisol, irinotecan, estramumin Vincristine, Vinrelrelin, Oxaliplatin, Imatinib Mesylate, Bevacizumab, Hexamethylmelamine, Topotecan, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Thyrphostins, Herbimycin A, Genistein, Erbstatin, hydroxyzine, glatiramer acetate, interferon beta-1a, interferon beta-1b, natalizumab, and lavendustine A; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
In another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle is provided as described in the present application for use as a medicament in a subject. In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle is provided as described in the present application for use in producing an antiproliferative effect in a subject.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for use in a subject as an anti-invader agent in the containment and / or treatment of solid tumor disease.
162
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the prevention or treatment of cancer in a subject.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for use in the prevention or treatment of cancer in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of cancer in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for the production of an antiproliferative effect in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for use in producing an antiproliferative effect in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for use in a subject as an anti-invader agent in the containment and / or treatment of solid tumor disease. .
In yet another aspect, a method is provided for the production of an antiproliferative effect in a subject in need of such treatment, which
163 it comprises the administration, to said subject, of an effective amount of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application.
In yet another aspect, a method is provided for the production of an antiinvasive effect by the containment and / or treatment of a solid tumor disease in a subject in need of such treatment, comprising administering, to said subject, an amount efficacy of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application.
In yet another aspect, a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided for use in the prevention or treatment of solid tumor disease in a subject.
In yet another aspect, the use of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application is provided in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prevention or treatment of solid tumor disease in a subject.
In yet another aspect, there is provided a method for the prevention or treatment of a solid tumor disease in a subject in need of such treatment, comprising administering, to said subject, an effective amount of a therapeutic nanoparticle as described in the present application.
United States Patent No. 8,206,747, issued June 26, 2012, entitled "Drug Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles, and Methods for Their Manufacture and Use" is incorporated in this application by reference, in its entirety.
164
METHODS OF REALIZATION
Some embodiments of this invention are as follows.
one. A therapeutic nanoparticle comprising:
about 0.05 to about 30 weight percent of a substantially hydrophobic acid;
about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent of a therapeutic agent; where the pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid; and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a polymer selected from poly (lactic) diblock copolymer —poly (ethylene) glycol or a diblock copolymer of poly (lactic acid-co-acid). -glycolic) poly (ethylene) glycol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 percent by weight poly (ethylene) glycol, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorpholin-4 — I —1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
2. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 1, where the amount of the therapeutic agent is about 0.2 to about 20 weight percent.
3. The therapeutic nanoparticle according to embodiment 1 or 2, comprising:
1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡din-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-d-morpholin165
4- I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea;
and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 7 of 1- (4-¿[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4 (4,6-d-morpholin-4-l-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea: PLA-PEG.
Four. The therapeutic nanoparticle according to embodiment or 2, comprising:
1- (4 - {[4- (dímet¡lamino) piper¡din-1-il] carbon¡l} fen¡l) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorfol¡n4-¡I- 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea;
and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of 10 about 1:14 of 1— (4 - {[4— (d-methylamino) piperidin-1 — l] carbon! l} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea: PLA-PEG.
5. The therapeutic nanoparticle according to embodiment 1 or 2, comprising:
'l- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbon¡l} fen¡l) -3- [4- (4,6-d Morpholin15 4-II-1,3,5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea;
and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of about 1: 5 of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡perld¡n-1- [L] carbonyl] phenyl) -3- [4 (4,6-d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea: PLA-PEG.
6. A therapeutic nanoparticle comprising:
about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent of a therapeutic agent;
a substantially hydrophobic acid, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the therapeutic agent ranges from about 0.25: 1 to
166 about 2: 1 and where the pKa of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units higher than the pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid; and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a polymer selected from poly (lactic) acid poly diblock copolymer — poly (ethylene) glycol or a poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) poly diblock copolymer ethylene glycol and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin— 2-yl) phenyl] urea or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
7. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 6, where the amount of the therapeutic agent is about 0.2 to about 20 weight percent.
8. A therapeutic nanoparticle comprising:
a substantially hydrophobic acid;
a therapeutic agent; where the pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid; and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) 20 poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer or a poly (lactic acid-coglycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer and combinations thereof, where the therapeutic agent is 1 (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — I — 1,3,5— triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
167
9. A therapeutic nanoparticle comprising: a therapeutic agent;
a substantially hydrophobic acid, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the therapeutic agent ranges from about 0.25: 1 to about 2: 1 and where the pKa of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 1.0 pKa units greater than the pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid; and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer or a poly (lactic acid-coglycolic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer and its combinations, and, where the therapeutic agent is
1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin — 1 — yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — I—
1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
10. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 6 or 9, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the therapeutic agent is about 0.5: 1 to about 1.5: 1.
eleven. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 6 or 9, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the therapeutic agent is about 0.25: 1 to about 1: 1.
12. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 6 or 9, where the molar ratio of the substantially hydrophobic acid to the therapeutic agent is about 0.75: 1 to about 1.25: 1.
13. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-12, where the pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 2.0 units pKa greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid.
168
14. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-12, where the pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent is at least about 4.0 units pKa greater than pK<sub>to</sub> hydrophobic acid.
fifteen. A therapeutic nanoparticle comprising:
a hydrophobic ion pair comprising a hydrophobic acid and therapeutic agent; where the difference between the pKa of the protonated therapeutic agent and the hydrophobic acid is at least about 1.0 pKa units or greater; and about 50 to about 99.75 percent by weight of a poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol diblock copolymer, where the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has an average molecular weight in number from about 15 kDa to about 20 kDa of poly (lactic acid) and a number average molecular weight from about 4 kDa to about 6 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) p¡peridin1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5— triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
16. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 15, where the difference between the pKa of the protonated therapeutic agent and the hydrophobic acid is at least about 2.0 pKa units.
17. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 15, where the difference between the pKa of the protonated therapeutic agent and the hydrophobic acid is at least about 4.0 pKa units.
18. The therapeutic nanoparticle of either embodiment 1-5, 8, or 13-17, comprising about 0.05 to about 20
169 percent by weight of hldrófrobo acid.
19. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-18, where the substantially hydrophobic acid has a logP ranging from about 2 to about 7.
twenty. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-18, where the substantially hydrophobic acid has a logP ranging from about 4 to about 8.
twenty-one. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-20, where the substantially hydrophobic acid has a pK<sub>to</sub> in water from about -1.0 to about 5.0.
22. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-20, where the substantially hydrophobic acid has a pK<sub>to</sub> in water from about 2.0 to about 5.0.
22. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-22, wherein the substantially hydrophobic acid and the therapeutic agent form a pair of hydrophobic ions in the therapeutic nanoparticle.
24. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-23, where the hydrophobic acid is a fatty acid.
25. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 24, wherein the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of:
caproic acid, enantic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, pentadecyl acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, acid
170 Nonadecyl Acid, Arachidic Acid, Heneicosyl Acid, Behenic Acid, Tricosyl Acid, Lignoceric Acid, Pentacosyl Acid, Cerotic Acid, Heptacosylic Acid, Montanic Acid, Nonacosyl Acid, Melisic Acid, Henatriaconyl Acid, Lacceroic Acid, Psyllic Acid, Gedic Acid, Ceroplastic Acid, hexatriacontylic acid, and combinations thereof.
26. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 24, where the fatty acid is an omega-3 fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: hexadecatrienoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, 10 heneicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, tetracosahexaenoic acid, and their combinations.
27. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 24, wherein the fatty acid is an omega-6 fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, dihomo15-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, docosadiene acid , adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosatetraenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, and their combinations.
28. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 24, wherein the fatty acid is an omega-9 fatty acid selected from the group consisting of:
oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, Mead acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, and their combinations.
29. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 28, where the fatty acid is oleic acid.
171
30. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 29, where the weight ratio of 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6 -dimorpholin-4-I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea an oleic acid is about
6:1.
31. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 24, wherein the fatty acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: rumenic acid, α-calendic acid, β-calendic acid, jacaric acid, α-eleostearic acid, β- acid Eleestoaric Acid, Cathalpic Acid, Punicic Acid, Rumelenic Acid, α-Parinaric Acid, β-Parinaric Acid, Bosseo Pentaenoic Acid, Pinolenic Acid, Podopárpic Acid, and combinations thereof.
32. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-24, where the hydrophobic acid is a bile acid.
33. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 32, where bile acid is selected from the group consisting of chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, hicolic acid, beta-muricolic acid, cholic acid, lithocolic acid, an amino acid conjugated bile acid , and their combinations.
3. 4. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 33, where the bile acid is cholic acid.
35. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 33, wherein the amino acid conjugated bile acid is a glycine conjugated bile acid or a taurine conjugated bile acid.
36. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of the forms of
172 Embodiment 1-23, where the hydrophobic acid is selected from the group consisting of dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid, naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, pamoic acid , undecanoic acid, and their combinations.
37. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 36, wherein the hydrophobic acid is pamoic acid.
38. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 37, where the weight ratio of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4 (4,6-dimorpholin- 4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea to pamoic acid is about
1.8:1.
39. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-38, comprising about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the therapeutic agent.
40. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-38, comprising about 2 to about 20 weight percent of the therapeutic agent.
41. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-38, comprising about 4 to about 20 weight percent of the therapeutic agent.
42. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-38, comprising about 5 to about 20 weight percent of the therapeutic agent.
43. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of the forms of
173 Embodiment 1-38, wherein the hydrophobic acid has a molecular weight of between about 200 Da and about 800 Da.
44. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-43, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle substantially retains the therapeutic agent for at least 1 minute when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
Four. Five. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-43, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle immediately releases substantially less than about 30% of the therapeutic agent when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
46. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-43, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 10 to about 45% of the therapeutic agent for about 1 hour when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
47. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-43, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 15% of the therapeutic agent for about 4 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
48. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-43, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 15% of the therapeutic agent for about 10 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
49. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of the forms of
174 Embodiment 1-43, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 25% of the therapeutic agent for about 20 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
fifty. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of the forms of embodiment 1-43, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 1 to about 40% of the therapeutic agent for about 40 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C .
51. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-43, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle has a release profile that is substantially the same as a release profile for a control nanoparticle that is substantially the same as the therapeutic nanoparticle except that it does not contain a fatty acid or bile acid.
52. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of Embodiments 1-51, wherein the poly (lactic) acid copolymer - poly (ethylene) glycol has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic acid) of about 0.6 to around 0.95.
53. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-51, wherein the poly (lactic) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of about 0.6 to about of 0.8.
54. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-51, wherein the poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic) acid of
175 about 0.75 to about 0.85.
55. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-51, wherein the poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight fraction of poly (lactic acid) of about 0.7 to about of 0.9.
56. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-55, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 25 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol.
57. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiment 1-55, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 10 to about 20 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol.
58. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-55, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 15 to about 25 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol.
59. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-55, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle comprises about 20 to about 30 weight percent poly (ethylene) glycol.
60. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-59, wherein the poly (lactic) acid-poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer has a number average molecular weight of from about 15 kDa to about 20 kDa of poly (ac Lactic acid) and a number average molecular weight of about 4 kDa to about 6 kDa of poly (ethylene) glycol.
61. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of the forms of
176 Embodiment 1-60, which further comprises about 0.2 to about 30 percent by weight of poly (lactic) acid -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer functionalized with a targeting ligand.
62. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiment 1-60, which further comprises about 0.2 to about 30 weight percent of poly (lactic) acid-co-poly (glycolic) -poly (ethylene) copolymer glycol functionalized with a targeting ligand.
63. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 61 or 62, wherein the targeting ligand is covalently linked to poly (etllen) glycol.
64. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-63, where the hydrophobic acid is a pollelectrolyte.
65. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 64, wherein the polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of a poly (styrene sulfonic acid), polyacrylic polyacid and polymethacrylic acid.
66. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-65, wherein the substantially hydrophobic acid is a mixture of two or more substantially hydrophobic acids.
67. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 66, comprising a mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids.
68. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 67, where the two substantially hydrophobic acids are oleic acid and cholic acid.
69. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 66, which
177 it comprises a mixture of three substantially hydrophobic acids.
70. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 66, comprising a mixture of four substantially hydrophobic acids.
71. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 66, comprising a mixture of five substantially hydrophobic acids.
72. A therapeutic nanoparticle prepared by a process that comprises the steps of:
the emulsion of a first organic phase comprising a first polymer, a therapeutic agent and a substantially hydrophobic acid, so as to form an emulsion phase;
quenching the emulsion phase so as to form a quenched phase; and filtration of the quenched phase in order to recover the therapeutic nanoparticles, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6 —Dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
73. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 72, where the hydrophobic acid is a fatty acid.
74. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 73, wherein the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of:
caproic acid, enantic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, pentadecyl acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecyl acid, arachidic acid, heneicosyl acid, behenic acid acid
178 tricosyl, lignoceric acid, pentacosyl acid, cerotic acid, heptacosyl acid, montanic acid, nonacosyl acid, melisic acid, henatriacontyl acid, lacceroic acid, psyllic acid, gedic acid, ceroplastic acid, hexatriacontylic acid, and combinations thereof.
75. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 73, where the fatty acid is an omega-3 fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: hexadecatrienoic acid, alpha-llnolénico acid, stearidonic acid, elcosatrlenol acid, eicosatetraenolco acid, elcosapentaenolco acid, henelcosapentaenoic acid , docosapentaenolc acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenolc acid, tetracosahexaenolc acid, and combinations thereof.
76. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 73, wherein the fatty acid is an omega-6 fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: llnolelco acid, gamma-llnolénlco acid, elcosadienolco acid, dlhomogamma-llnolénico acid, arachidonic acid, docosadiene acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosatetraenolc acid, tetracosapentaenolc acid, and combinations thereof.
77. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 73, wherein the fatty acid is an omega-9 fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: oleic acid, elcosenoic acid, Mead acid, eruclic acid, nervonic acid, and combinations thereof.
78. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 77, where the fatty acid is oleic acid.
79. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 73, where the
179 Fatty acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of: rumenic acid, α-calendlic acid, β-calendlic acid, jacarkal acid, aeleostearic acid, β-eleestoaric acid, cathalic acid, punicolic acid, rumelenic acid, α- Parlinaric, β-Parinaric Acid, Bosseo Pentaenoic Acid, Pinolenic Acid, Podocarplic Acid, and combinations thereof.
80. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72, where the hydrophobic acid is a billiard acid.
81. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 80, where the billiard acid is selected from the group consisting of chenodeoxycollic acid, ursodeoxycolcolic acid, deoxylcolic acid, phenolic acid, beta-muricolic acid, cholic acid, lithocolic acid, a billiard acid conjugated with amino acid , and their combinations.
82. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 81, where the bile acid is cholic acid.
83. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 81, wherein the amino acid conjugated billiard acid is a glycine conjugated billiard acid or a taurine conjugated billiard acid.
84. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of Embodiments 72, where the hydrophobic acid is selected from the group consisting of dloctyl sulfosuccinic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphtholcic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, naphthalene-1,5-dlsulfonic acid, Naphthalene-2-sulfonyl acid, pamoic acid, undecanol acid and their combinations.
85. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 84, where the
180 hydrophobic acid is pamoic acid.
86. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-85, where the hydrophobic acid has a molecular weight of between about 200 Da and about 800 Da.
87. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle substantially retains the therapeutic agent for at least 1 minute when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
88. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, wherein the therapeutic nanoparticle substantially immediately releases less than about 30% of the therapeutic agent when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
89. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 10 to about 45% of the therapeutic agent for about 1 hour when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
90. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 15% of the therapeutic agent for about 4 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
91. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 15% of the therapeutic agent for about 10 hours when
181 place in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
92. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 0.01 to about 25% of the therapeutic agent for about 20 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
93. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, where the therapeutic nanoparticle releases about 1 to about 40% of the therapeutic agent for about 40 hours when placed in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ° C.
94. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-86, where the therapeutic nanoparticle has a release profile that is substantially the same as a release profile for a control nanoparticle that is substantially the same as the therapeutic nanoparticle except that it does not contain a fatty acid or bile acid.
95. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-94, wherein the first polymer is poly (lactic acid) -poly (ethylene) glycol copolymer.
96. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-94, wherein the first polymer is poly (lactic acid) -co-poll (glycolic) -poly (etllen) glycol copolymer.
97. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 72-96, wherein the substantially hydrophobic acid is a mixture of two or more substantially hydrophobic acids.
182
98. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 97, comprising a mixture of two substantially hydrophobic acids.
99. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 97, comprising a mixture of three substantially hydrophobic acids.
100. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 97, comprising a mixture of four substantially hydrophobic acids.
101. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 97, comprising a mixture of five substantially hydrophobic acids.
102. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiment 1, 5-95, or 97-101, where the polymer is PLA-PEG and the molar ratio of PLA-PEG is 5: 1.
103. A therapeutic nanoparticle prepared by the process that comprises the steps of:
combining a first organic phase with a first aqueous solution to form a second phase;
the second phase emulsion in order to form an emulsion phase, where the emulsion phase comprises a first polymer, therapeutic agent, and a substantially hydrophobic acid;
quenching the emulsion phase so as to form a quenched phase; and filtration of the quenched phase in order to recover the therapeutic nanoparticles, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (d-methylamino) p¡peridin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4 - (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, the first organic phase comprises the therapeutic agent and pamoic acid in a ratio
183 by weight of therapeutic agent to pamoic acid of about 11: 1, and PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) in a weight ratio of therapeutic agent to PLA-PEG of about 1: 3, in a organic solvent comprising benzyl alcohol and ethyl acetate in a weight ratio of benzyl alcohol to ethyl acetate of about 1.25, and the first aqueous solution comprises a polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether dissolved in benzyl alcohol in a weight ratio of 0.005: one; and combining the first organic phase and the first aqueous phase in a weight ratio of about 1: 5 to form a second phase; the emulsion of the second phase formed therefrom and quenching of the emulsion phase with citric acid, 0.1 M, in aqueous solution at pH 4.5; and the concentration of the resulting product.
104. A therapeutic nanoparticle of 1- (4-¿[4- (dimethylamino) p¡perid¡n1-¡l] carbon¡l} fen¡l) -3- [4- (4,6-d¡morfol¡n- 4-l-1,3,5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
105. A therapeutic nanoparticle comprising a therapeutic agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a polymer selected from poly (lactic) glycol diblock copolymer — poly (ethylene) glycol or a poly (lactic acid-co-acid diblock copolymer) glycolic) —pol¡ (et¡len) glycol and their combinations, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) p¡peridin20 1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3 , 5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
106. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-71, 104, or 105, where a ligand of
184 addressing, which is PLA-PEG-GL, where GL has the following structure: / 'NH> CO<sub>2</sub>h <sup>ho</sup>j<sup>c</sup>4'n '<sup>11</sup>'n'V<sup>CO3H</sup>
Η Η Η H
107. The therapeutic nanoparticle according to either embodiment 1-71 or 104-106, which further comprises a solubilizer.
108. The therapeutic nanoparticle according to the embodiment
107, where the solubilizer is polysorbate 80.
109. The therapeutic nanoparticle of embodiment 107, where the solubilizer is polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether.
110. The therapeutic nanoparticle of any of embodiments 1-109, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4— (d¡met¡lam¡no) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-d-morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin2-yl) phenyl] urea.
111. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutic nanoparticle of any one of embodiments 1-110 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
112. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment 111 comprising a plurality of therapeutic nanoparticles.
113. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment 111 or 112, further comprising a saccharide.
114. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the forms of
185 embodiment 111-113, further comprising a cyclodextrin.
115. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiments 113 or 114, wherein the saccharide is a disaccharide selected from the group consisting of sucrose, trehalose, and one of their mixtures.
116. A method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic nanoparticle of any one of embodiments 1-110 or a pharmaceutical composition of any of the forms of realization
111-115.
117. The method of embodiment 116, wherein the cancer is chronic myelogenous leukemia.
118. The method of embodiment 116, wherein the cancer is gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
119. The method of embodiment 116, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, hypereosinophilic syndrome, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-cell lung cancer small, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, a solid tumor, head and neck cancer, and mantle cell lymphoma.
120. The method of embodiment 119, wherein the cancer is breast cancer.
121. A process for the preparation of a therapeutic nanoparticle, comprising the steps of:
186 combining a first organic phase with a first aqueous solution to form a second phase;
the second phase emulsion in order to form an emulsion phase, where the emulsion phase comprises a first polymer, therapeutic agent and a substantially hydrophobic acid;
quenching the emulsion phase so as to form a quenched phase; and filtration of the quenched phase in order to recover the therapeutic nanoparticles, where the therapeutic agent is 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡din-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-11-1,3,5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
122. The process of embodiment 121, further comprising the combination of the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid in the second phase prior to the emulsion of the second phase.
123. The process of embodiment 122, wherein the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid form a pair of hydrophobic ions prior to the emulsion of the second phase.
124. The process of embodiment 122, wherein the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid form a pair of hydrophobic ions before or during the second phase emulsion.
125. The process of embodiment 121, further comprising combining the therapeutic agent and the substantially hydrophobic acid in the second phase in substantially concurrent fashion with the emulsion of the second phase.
187
126. The process of embodiment 125, wherein the first organic phase comprises the therapeutic agent, and the first aqueous solution comprises the substantially hydrophobic acid.
127. The process of any of embodiments 121-126, 5 where the therapeutic agent, when protonated, has a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a second pKg, and the emulsion phase is quenched with an aqueous solution that has a pH equal to one pKa unit between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
128. The process of embodiment 127, where quenched phase 10 has a pH equal to one pKa unit between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
129. The process of any of embodiments 121-128, where the therapeutic agent, when protonated, has a first pK<sub>to</sub>, the substantially hydrophobic acid has a second pK<sub>to</sub>, and the first aqueous solution has a pH equal to one pKa unit between the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
130. The process of either embodiment 127-129, where the pH equals one pKa unit that is approximately equidistant from the first pK<sub>to</sub> and the second pK<sub>to</sub>.
131. The process of either embodiment 121-130, where the therapeutic agent is 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6 —Dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea.
188
EXAMPLES
Having described the invention in general terms, it will be better understood by reference to the following examples, which are included merely for purposes of illustration of certain aspects and embodiments, and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
EXAMPLE 1 - PREPARATION OF FORMULATION A WITH AGENT
THERAPEUTIC.
(a) Preparation of organic phase filler: Benzyl alcohol (8932.5 mg) was dissolved in 67.5 mg of RODI water (deionized by reverse osmosis) with mixing. Therapeutic agent, 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin — 1— iIjcarboniljfeniI) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — I — 1,3,5-triazin-2- il) phenyl] urea, (150 mg), was added to the solution, and then it was sonicated until the drug dissolved. PLA-PEG-GL (19.2 mg) and PLA-PEG were added in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol (830.8 mg) and vortexed until dissolution.
(b) Preparation of aqueous phase charge: Sodium cholate (2.75 g) was dissolved in RODI water (955.5 g) on a stir plate. Benzyl alcohol (40 g) was added to the sodium cholate / water solution, and the mixture was stirred on a stir plate until dissolved.
(c) Emulsion formation: The weight ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 5: 1. The organic phase, weighing 10 g, was poured into 50 g of the aqueous phase which was cooled in a water bath, and the mixture was homogenized using a manual homogenizer for 15 seconds. The coarse emulsion was fed through a high pressure homogenizer with the pressure set at 722.9 bar
189 (10485 psi) in the 1 pass gauge to form a nanoemulsion (fine emulsion).
(d) Nanoparticle formation: The nanoemulsion was poured into 600g of cold RODI water (less than 2 ° C) while stirring on a stir plate to form a quenched phase (the weight ratio of quench to emulsion was 10: one). 64.3 grams of a polysorbate 80 solution (350 grams dissolved in 650 g of RODI water) were added to the quenched phase with mixing.
(e) Concentration of nanoparticles through tangential flow filtration (TFF): The quenched phase was concentrated using TFF with 300 kDa Pall cassette (2 membranes) to form a nanoparticle concentrate of approximately 200 ml. The nanoparticle concentrate was diafiltered with approximately 20 diavolumes of cold RODI water at less than 2 ° C. The volume of the diafiltered nanoparticle concentrate was reduced to a minimum volume.
Therefore, this formulation contained 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) pipendin-1l] carbonyl] phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6— d-morpholin-4-I-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) fen-IJurea, and the PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) and PLA-PEG-GL polymers in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 43: 1 and a weight ratio of the therapeutic agent, 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piper¡din-120 ¡ l] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-d ¡morpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, to polymers, 15:85 . No counterion or hydrophobic acid was present in this formulation. The particle size of a nanoparticle thus formed as described in the present application above was about 116 nm.
190
EXAMPLE 2 - PREPARATION OF FORMULATION B WITH THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
(a) Preparation of organic phase filler: Oleic acid (900 mg), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (273 mg) were dissolved in benzyl alcohol (8827 mg). The therapeutic agent, 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4 (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3, 5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea (120 mg) was mixed with the oleic acid / TFA / benzyl alcohol solution, and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C for 10 minutes in order to dissolve the therapeutic agent there . After the 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl10 1,3,5— triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, the solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. This solution was mixed thoroughly with a polymer solution of PLA-PEG in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol (860 mg), PLA-PEG-GL (18.9 mg) and ethyl acetate (4549 mg) to form a solution.
(b) Preparation of aqueous phase charge: Sodium cholate (4.5 g) was dissolved in RODI water (955.5 g) on a stir plate. Benzyl alcohol (40 g) was added to the sodium cholate / water solution, and the mixture was stirred on a stir plate until dissolved.
(c) Emulsion formation: The weight ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 5: 1. The organic phase was poured into 33.4 g of the aqueous phase which was cooled in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was homogenized using a manual homogenizer for 15 seconds. The coarse emulsion was fed through a high pressure homogenizer with the pressure set at 722.9 bar
191 (10485 psi) in the 1 pass gauge, to form a nanoemulsion (fine emulsion).
(d) Nanoparticle formation: The nanoemulsion was poured into 401.2 g of cold RODI water (less than 2 ° C) while stirring on a stir plate to form a quenched phase. To the quenched phase, 51.4 grams of a polysorbate 80 solution (350 g dissolved in 650 g RODI water) were added with mixing.
(e) Concentration of nanoparticles through tangential flow filtration (TFF): The quenched phase was concentrated using TFF with Pall 300 kDa cassette (2 membranes) to form a nanoparticle concentrate of approximately 200 ml. The nanoparticle concentrate was diafiltered with approximately 20 diavolumes of cold RODI water at less than 2 ° C. The volume of the diafiltered nanoparticle concentrate was reduced to a minimum volume.
Accordingly, this formulation contained 1— (4 - ([4— (d¡met¡lamino) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbon¡l} fen¡l) -3- [4- ( 4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin2 — yl) phenyl] urea, and the polymers PLA-PEG (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) and PLAPEG-GL in a weight ratio from PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 46: 1 and a weight ratio of the therapeutic agent, 1- (4 - {[4 (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [ 4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — il — 1,3,5 — triazin—
2-yl) phenyl] urea, to polymers, 12:88. It contained about 5.7% by weight of 1 (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin-4-I-1.3 , 5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea and about 9% by weight oleic acid in 3% acid
192 trifluoroacetic. The particle size of a nanoparticle thus formed as described in the present application above was around 74nm.
EXAMPLE 3. PREPARATION OF FORMULATION C WITH AGENT
THERAPEUTIC.
(a) Preparation of organic phase charge: Trifluoroacetic acid (1600 mg), benzyl alcohol (8827 mg) and RODI water (1500 mg) were mixed, and if necessary, heated to form a solution. To this solution was added the therapeutic agent, 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6- dlmorfolln-4-II-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea (1468.8 mg), and the resulting mixture was sprayed to form a solution. Once the therapeutic agent dissolved, the solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. This solution was added to a solution of pamolco acid (136.5 mg) and DMSO (331.2 mg). This solution was mixed thoroughly with a PLA-PEG polymer solution in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol (643.5 mg) of PLA-PEG-GL (14.5 mg) and ethyl acetate (7200 mg).
(b) Preparation of aqueous phase filler: A surfactant, Brij S 100 (polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether) (200 mg) was dissolved in benzyl alcohol (40.0 g), with stirring, and cold RODI water (959.8 g) was added ) and mixed on ice until solution clarification. The aqueous phase charge was cooled to less than 2 ° C with stirring.
(c) Emulsion formation: The weight ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 5: 1. The organic phase was poured into 50.07 g of the aqueous phase which was cooled in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was homogenized using a
193 manual homogenizer for 15 seconds. The coarse emulsion was fed through a high pressure homogenizer with the pressure set at 722.9 bar (10485 psi) in the 1 pass gauge, to form a nanoemulsion (fine emulsion).
(d) Nanoparticle formation: The nanoemulsion was poured into a quench solution of cold RODI water (1000 g) cooled to less than 2 ° C, and stirred on a stir plate. To the quenched solution was added a cooled (less than 2 ° C) solution of polysorbate 80 (350 g) dissolved in RODI water (650 g), with mixing.
(e) Concentration of nanoparticles through tangential flow filtration (TFF): The quenched phase was concentrated using TFF with Pall 300 kDa cassette (2 membranes) to form a nanoparticle concentrate of approximately 200 ml. The nanoparticle concentrate was diafiltered with approximately 20 diavolumes of cold RODI water at less than 2 ° C. The volume of the diafiltered nanoparticle concentrate was reduced to a minimum volume.
Accordingly, this formulation contained 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1- yljcarbonyljphenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin— 2 —Il) phenyl] urea, and the PLA-PEG polymers (in a 16: 5 molar ratio) and PLA20 PEG-GL in a weight ratio of PLA-PEG to PLA-PEG-GL of about 44: 1 and a weight ratio of the therapeutic agent, i- (4 - {[4 (dimethylamino) p¡peridin-1-l] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-d-morpholin-4 -L-1,3,5-triazin2-yl) phenyl] urea, to polymers, 22:64. It contained around 60% by weight of
194 pamoic acid a 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6dimorpholin-4-I-1,3 , 5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea. Consequently, the formulation contained about 5% by weight of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4— yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea and 3.2% by weight of pamoic acid. The particle size of a nanoparticle thus formed as described in the present application above was around 92nm.
EXAMPLE 4: FORMULATION D WITH THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
(a) Preparation of organic loading solution: A heated 7% by weight solution of xinafoic acid in benzyl alcohol combined with PLA-PEG in a 16: 5 molar ratio with ethyl acetate was vortexed to dissolution. Therapeutic agent, 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) piperidin-1l] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl) was added —1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, to achieve a final concentration of 15% by weight.
(b) Preparation of aqueous phase filler: Sodium cholate (2.75 g) was dissolved in RODI water (955.5 g) with stirring. Benzyl alcohol (40 g) was added to the aqueous sodium cholate solution, and the mixture was stirred until dissolved.
(c) Emulsion formation: The weight ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 5: 1. The organic phase was poured into the aqueous phase, which was cooled in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was homogenized using a manual homogenizer for 15 seconds. The coarse emulsion was fed through a high pressure homogenizer with the pressure set at 722.9 bar (10485 psi) in the 1 pass gauge, to form a nanoemulsion (fine emulsion).
195 (d) Nanoparticle formation: The nanoemulsion was poured into a quench buffer solution consisting of anhydrous citric acid (19.2 g) in cold RODI water (1000 g) cooled to less than 2 ° C, and brought to pH 4.5 with 10N sodium hydroxide, and the resulting solution was stirred on a stir plate. To the quenched solution was added a chilled solution (less than 2 ° C) of polysorbate 80 (350 g) dissolved in RODI water (650 g) with mixing.
(e) The nanoparticles were concentrated through tangential flow filtration according to the procedure of Example 1.
Consequently, this formulation contained the counter ion xinafoic acid.
It contained 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piperidin — 1 — yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4.6— dimorfolin — 4 — yl — 1.3, 5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea. The particle size of a nanoparticle thus formed as described in the present application above was about 109 nm.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1, CONTROL SOLUTION.
(a) Preparation of organic loading solution: A 7.5 wt% solution of benzyl alcohol, prepared by the RODI solution of benzyl alcohol in water, was combined with PLA-PEG in a mixture having a molar ratio of 16: 5 with ethyl acetate, and vortexed until dissolved.
(b) Preparation of aqueous phase filler: Sodium cholate (2.75 g) was dissolved in RODI water (955.5 g) with stirring. Benzyl alcohol (40 g) was added to the sodium cholate / water solution, and the mixture was stirred until dissolved.
(c) Emulsion formation: The weight ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 5: 1. The organic phase was poured into the aqueous phase, which was cooled in a
196 ice bath water, and the mixture was homogenized using a manual homogenizer for 15 seconds. The coarse emulsion was fed through a high pressure homogenizer with the pressure set at 722.9 bar (10485 psi) in the 1 pass gauge, to form a nanoemulsion (fine emulsion).
(d) Nanoparticle formation: The nanoemulsion was poured into 600 g of cold RODI water (less than 2 ° C) while stirring on a stir plate to form a quenched phase (the weight ratio of quench to emulsion was 10 :one). 64.3 g of a polysorbate 80 solution (350 g dissolved in 650 g of RODI water) were added to the quenched phase, with mixing.
(e) Concentration of nanoparticles through tangential flow filtration (TFF): The quenched phase was concentrated using TFF with Pall 300 kDa cassette (2 membranes) to form a nanoparticle concentrate of approximately 200 ml. The nanoparticle concentrate was diafiltered with approximately 20 diavolumes of cold RODI water at less than 2 ° C. The volume of the dlafiltered nanoparticle concentrate was reduced to a minimum volume.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2, SOLUTION B.
(a) Preparation of organic organic phase filler: Oleic acid (900 mg), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (273 mg) were dissolved in benzyl alcohol (8827 mg).
Therapeutic agent, 1- (4 - ([4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yljcarbonyljphenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) was mixed ) phenyl] urea (120 mg) with the oleic acid / TFA / benzyl alcohol solution, and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C for 10 minutes in order to dissolve the therapeutic agent there.
197 dissolved 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbon¡l} phen¡l) -3- [4- (4,6dimorfolin— 4-11-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, the solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. This solution was mixed thoroughly with a PLA-PEG polymer solution in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol (860 mg), PLA-PEG5 GL (18.9 mg), and ethyl acetate (4549 mg) to form a solution.
(b) Preparation of aqueous phase charge: Sodium cholate (4.5 g) was dissolved in RODI water (955.5 g) on a stir plate. Benzyl alcohol (40 g) was added to the sodium cholate / water solution, and the mixture was stirred on a stir plate until dissolved.
(c) Emulsion formation: The weight ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 5: 1. The organic phase was poured into 33.4 g of the aqueous phase, which was cooled in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was homogenized using a manual homogenizer for 15 seconds. The coarse emulsion was fed through a high pressure homogenizer with a pressure set at 722.9 bar (10485 psi) in the gauge, for 1 pass to form a nanoemulsion (fine emulsion).
(d) Nanoparticle formation: The nanoemulsion was poured into 401.2 g of cold RODI water (less than 2 ° C) while stirring on a stir plate, to form a quenched phase. To the quenched phase, 51.4 grams of a polysorbate 80 solution (350 g dissolved in 650 g of RODI water) were added, with mixing.
(e) Concentration of nanoparticles through tangential flow filtration (TFF): The quenched phase was concentrated using TFF with a Pall cassette
198 300 kDa (2 membranes) to form a nanoparticle concentrate of approximately 200 ml. The nanoparticle concentrate was dlafiltered with approximately 20 diavolumes of cold RODI water at less than 2 ° C. The volume of the diafiltered nanoparticle concentrate was reduced to a minimum volume.
Accordingly, this formulation contained 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piperidin-1 — {l] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorpholin-4— 1-1,3,5-triazin- 2-yl) phenyl] urea and PLA-PEG polymers (in a ratio of about 16: 5) in a weight ratio of the therapeutic agent to polymers of about 1: 14.7.
It contained about 6.0% by weight of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡perld¡n-1¡Ijcarboniljpheil) —3— [4— (4.6 — dimorfolin-4 —1—1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea, about 5.4% cholic acid and about 1.1% by weight oleic acid.
EXAMPLE 5: FORMULATION E WITH THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that there was no presence of PLA-PEG-GL polymer. The pLA-PEG-GL polymer was replaced with 19.2 mg of PLA-PEG in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol, so that the total amount of PLA-PEG present was 850 mg.
EXAMPLE 6: FORMULATION F WITH THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except that there was no polymer
PLA-PEG-GL present. The pLA-PEG-GL polymer was replaced with 20 mg of PLA-PEG in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol so that the total amount of PLAPEG present was 860 mg.
199
EXAMPLE 7: FORMULATION F WITH THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
The procedure of Example 3 was repeated except that there was no polymer
PLA-PEG-GL present. The pLA-PEG-GL polymer was replaced with 14.5 mg of PLA-PEG in a ratio of 16 mol / 5 mol so that the total amount of PLA5 PEG present was 658 mg.
EXAMPLE 8: PROFILE OF RELEASE FROM FORMULATION.
Each formulation was prepared on a scale sufficient to deliver 200 mg of therapeutic agent, 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamine) piperidin — 1 —!] Carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4 - (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl) phenyl] urea, in a concentration of> 2.5 mg / ml (FORMULATION A = 25 g, FORMULATION B = 20 g, FORMULATION C = 10 g). Nanoparticle formulations were prepared with 30% by weight sucrose and poured into vials in aliquots of> 11 mg of therapeutic agent. Table 1 summarizes the attributes of the nanoparticles prepared for this study.
200
Table 1: Synthesis of FORMULATION A, B, C.
<td>Formulation</td><td>Lot No.</td><td>Load of agent therapeutic</td><td>Size of particle (nm)</td><td>API released a24h</td>
<td>TO</td><td> 237-46</td><td> 4%</td><td> 130</td><td> 60%</td>
<td>B</td><td> 237-45</td><td> 5%</td><td> 95</td><td> 22%</td>
<td>C</td><td> 237-44</td><td> 16%</td><td> 100</td><td> 2%</td>
All three batches met the criteria for particle size and therapeutic agent release (90-150 nm, <50% therapeutic agent released at> 2 h). Except for the FORMULATION A nanoparticles, the batches also met the therapeutic agent loading criteria of> 5%. Historically, the therapeutic agent load for FORMULATION A has been at the lower limit or below the target load threshold, so this result was not unexpected.
Figure 3 shows the in vitro release curves for each batch. The in vitro release method used determines the release profiles of these nanoparticles under conditions at 37 ° C using the centrifugal system. The samples were centrifuged at 264,000 xg for 30 minutes, and the supernatant was tested to establish the concentration of therapeutic agent. The cumulative release percentage was determined by comparing the supernatant concentration with the total therapeutic agent concentration before centrifugation.
The in vitro release profile in Figure 3 shows that the therapeutic agent release rate was measurably different for each of
201 the formulations. Figure 4 depicts the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic agent nanoparticles in Wistar Han rats.
The protocol was as follows: male Wistar Han rats (approximately six weeks old; n = 4 / group) were dosed with cannulae residing in the jugular vein, intravenously, with a 1 mg / kg bolus of the nanoparticles of the FORMULATION A, B and C, or nanoparticles of Formulation A, B and C diluted in 0.9% saline. At various times after dosing, serial blood collections were made from jugular vein cannulas, and plasma concentrations of therapeutic agent were quantified by LC-MS / MS. Figure 4 (a) shows the pharmacokinetics of nanoparticles against free therapeutic agent, while (b) shows the same information with omitted free therapeutic agent.
Figure 4 (a) indicates that the three formulations A, B and C evaluated exhibited substantially longer retention times in the blood stream, over the free API. This corresponds to higher AUC and ti / 2 values, summarized in Table 2 (TA = therapeutic agent, according to its acronym in English).
Table 2: Synthesis of AUCtotai and ti / 2 data for nanoparticles of
FORMULATION A, B & C evaluated.
202
<td>Parameter</td><td>TA</td><td>Formulation TO</td><td>60% EA</td><td>7% Acid xinafoico</td><td>Formulation C</td><td>Formulation B</td>
<td>AUC<sub>to</sub>t<sub>to</sub>l (h-ng / ml)</td><td> 919.5</td><td> 312,972</td><td> 485,188</td><td> 653,749</td><td> 601,768</td><td> 550,539</td>
<td>tl / 2 (h)</td><td> 13.2</td><td> 17.7</td><td> 23.8</td><td> 25.1</td><td> 23.8</td><td> 23.7</td>
EXAMPLE 9: RELEASE PROFILE FOR FORMULATION C.
FORMULATION C was again prepared as in Example 3, using the traditional batch process on the 2g and 5g scale. An additional 2g batch of FORMULATION C was prepared using a citric acid buffer, 50mM, titrated to pH 4.5 with sodium hydroxide, to promote potential ion pairing. This pH was selected because it was between pK<sub>to</sub> of pamoic acid (~ 2.5) and the first pK<sub>to</sub> 1— (4 - {[4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5- triazin10 2-yl) phenyl] urea (~ 6.7). Table 3 summarizes the particle attributes for these small-scale batches.
Table 3: Effect of using citric acid buffer, pH 4.5, 50 mM, for quench medium in Formulation C.
<td>Lot</td><td>Lot No.</td><td>Therapeutic agent load</td><td>Size (nm)</td>
<td>2 g RODI off</td><td> 237-34-1</td><td> 4.48%</td><td> 101</td>
<td>5 g RODI off</td><td> 237-34-2</td><td> 2.43%</td><td> 98</td>
<td>2 g Regulated shutdown</td><td> 237-34-3</td><td> 13.18%</td><td> 92</td>
203
The longest emulsion processing time from a 2g batch to a 5g batch achieved a substantial drop in therapeutic agent load. However, it was demonstrated that using a regulated shutdown to pH 4.5 an almost three-fold increase in the therapeutic agent load was achieved, 1- (4 - {[45 (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) - 3- [4- (4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin2-yl) phenyl] urea.
The in vitro release method was used to determine the release profiles of these nanoparticles under conditions at 37 ° C using the centrifugal system. The samples were centrifuged at 264,000 xg for 30 minutes, and the supernatant was tested to establish the concentration of therapeutic agent. The cumulative release percentage was determined by comparing the supernatant concentration with the total therapeutic agent concentration before centrifugation. Figure 5 shows that the in vitro release profile was not affected by the use of a regulated shutdown.
EXAMPLE 10: DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE ATTRIBUTES
FOR THE FORMULATION C.
Two 10 g batches of FORMULATION C were prepared with citric acid buffer shutdown, 100 mM, titrated to pH 4.5, each, by pooling five 2 g batches in order to avoid the effects of processing time on the drug load of therapeutic agent, 1— (4 - ([4— (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3, 5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea Table 4 summarizes the particle attributes for these batches.
204
Table 4. Particle attributes for FORMULATION C batches using citric acid buffer shutdown, pH 4.5.
<td>Lot No.</td><td>Description</td><td>Load API White</td><td>Solids phase organic</td><td>Load Formulation C</td><td>Size of particle (nm)</td><td>Surfactant</td>
<td> 237-34-3</td><td>8 wt% TFA 7.5 wt% water in BA, 1: 1 pamoic to therapeutic agent, 20:80 (BA + DMSO): EA, 50 mM quenched citric acid pH 4.5</td><td> 22%</td><td> 10%</td><td> 13.18%</td><td> 92</td><td>Brij, 0.02% by weight</td>
<td> 237-36</td><td>8 wt% TFA 7.5 wt% water in BA, 1: 1 pamoic to therapeutic agent, 20:80 (BA + DMSO): EA, 100 mM quenched citric acid, pH 4.5</td><td> 22%</td><td> 10%</td><td> 18.25%</td><td> 100</td><td>Brij, 0.02% by weight</td>
<td> 237-44</td><td>8 wt% TFA 7.5 wt% water in BA, 1: 1 pamoic to therapeutic agent, 20:80 (BA + DMSO): EA, 100 mM quenched citric acid, pH 4.5, GL pointed</td><td> 22%</td><td> 10%</td><td> 16.30%</td><td> 100</td><td>Brij, 0.02% by weight</td>
BA = benzyl alcohol EA = ethyl alcohol
The in vitro release profiles were conducted as follows: the in vitro release method was used to determine the release profiles of these nanoparticles under conditions at 37 ° C using the centrifuge system. The samples were centrifuged at 264,000 xg for 30 minutes, and the supernatant was tested to establish the concentration of therapeutic agent. The cumulative release percentage was determined by comparing the supernatant concentration with the total therapeutic agent concentration before centrifugation. The results are shown in Figure 6.
205
From the investigations, it was determined that the maximum therapeutic agent load in formulation C was achieved at pH 4.5. Without wishing to limit, it is believed that this can be attributed to the fact that the pairing of ions between the therapeutic agent and the counterion is encouraged when the pH of the solution is lower than pK<sub>to</sub> of the protonated therapeutic agent drug and superior to pK<sub>to</sub> of the acidic molecule (pamoic acid). This effect is believed to be theoretically maximized when the larger fraction of both species is in its ionized state.
EXAMPLE 11: XENOINJERTO PROGRAMMING STUDY
MDAMB361 OF NANOPARTICLES OF 1- (4-fr4- (DIMETHYLAMINE) PIPERIDIN1-yl] CARBONYL) FENYL) -3-r4- (4,6-DIMORFOLIN — 4-ÍI-1,3,5-TRIAZIN-2— iDFENILlUREA Q4D IN FRONT OF Q8D,
Female SCID / bg mice aged about 6 weeks were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). Animals were kept in clean room conditions in capped cages filtered by Alpha-Dri bed sterilization and housed in ventilated HEPA filtered feeders. Animals received sterile rodent feed and water ad libitum. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Guide for the Care and Use of
Laboratory Animals [Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animáis] and with the guidelines of Pfizer of the Committee of Care and Use of Animals [Animal Care and Use Committee].
206
Three to four days prior to tumor cell inoculation, animals were implanted with a 0.36 mg, 60 d release, 17β-estradiol minysphere (Innovative Research of America). MDA-MB-361 cells were harvested at 80-90% confluence, and viability over 80-90% (NS) was supplemented with 50% Matrigel (BD Biosciences, San José CA) in order to facilitate the taking of the tumor. The cells (5 x 106 in 200 μΙ) were implanted subcutaneously (S. C.) in the rear flank region of the mouse and allowed to grow to the designated size before compound administration for each experiment. Tumor size was determined by measurement with an electronic caliper, and tumor volume was calculated as the product of its length x width.<sup>2</sup> x 0.5. When tumor volumes averaged 250mm<sup>3</sup>, the mice were randomized by treatment groups that included vehicle control group with intravenous (iv) injections of the corresponding drug, in a dose of 10 ml / kg of volume with a program of every four days (Q4D) or every eight days (Q8D). Animals were treated with 5 or 10 mg / kg of 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6dimorpholin-4 —Il — 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or 25 mg / kg of the Formulation B nanoparticle in each injection.
Figure 7 shows that Formulation B nanoparticles dosed every 8 days have similar efficacy compared to once every 4 days, and that Formulation B nanoparticles can achieve a dosing frequency of 2 weeks in the clinic.
207
EXAMPLE 12: STUDY OF DELAY OF TUMOR GROWTH E
TUMOR GROWTH INHIBITION MDAMB361.
Female SCID / bg mice aged about 6 weeks were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). Animals were kept in clean room conditions in capped cages filtered by Alpha-Dri bed sterilization and housed in ventilated HEPA filtered feeders. Animals received sterile rodent feed and water ad libitum. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Guide for the Care and Use of
Laboratory Animals [Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animáis] and with the guidelines of Pfizer of the Committee of Care and Use of Animals [Animal Care and Use Committee].
Three to four days prior to tumor cell inoculation, animals were implanted with a 0.36 mg, 60 d release, 17β-estradiol mini-sphere (Innovative Research of America). MDA-MB-361 cells were harvested at 80-90% confluence, and viability over 80-90% (NS) was supplemented with 50% Matrigel (BD Biosciences, San José CA) in order to facilitate tumor collection. . Cells (5 x 106 in 200 µΙ) were implanted subcutaneously (SC) in the rear flank region of the mouse and allowed to grow to the designated size before compound administration for each experiment. Tumor size was determined by measurement with an electronic caliper, and tumor volume was calculated as the product of its length x width.<sup>2</sup> x 0.5. When tumor volumes averaged 250mm<sup>3</sup>, the
208 Mice were randomized by treatment groups that included vehicle control group with Intravenous (iv) injections of the corresponding drug, in a dose of 10 ml / kg of volume with a program of every four days (Q4D) for 4 doses. After the 4th. doses, the animals were monitored additionally in order to establish the delay of tumor growth. Animals were treated with 10 mg / kg 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1yl] carbonyl} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6-dimorfolin-4 -Il-1,3,5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea; 2, 10, or 25 mg / kg of the nanoparticles of Formulation A or B; or 10 or 25 mg / kg of the nanoparticles of Formulation C in each Injection.
Figures 8A, 8B and 8C show that the nanoparticles of the Formulation
B and the nanoparticles of Formulation C inhibit tumor growth with improved efficacy, compared to 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p¡per¡d¡n-1¡l] carbonll} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — ¡1—1,3,5 — triazln-2 — l) fenll] urea (naked API) and the nanoparticles of Formulation A.
EXAMPLE 13: TUMOR GROWTH INHIBITION STUDY
OF MODEL WM266-4.
Female nu / nu mice aged about 8 weeks were obtained from Charles Rlver Laboratories (Wllmlngton, MA). Animals were kept in clean room conditions in capped cages filtered by Alpha-Drl bed sterilization and housed in ventilated HEPA filtered feeders. Animals received sterile rodent feed and water ad libitum. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Guide for the Care and Use of
209
Laboratory Animals [Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animáis] and with the guidelines of Pfizer of the Committee of Care and Use of Animals [Animal Care and Use Committee],
WM266-4 cells were harvested at 80-90% confluence, and viability over 80-90% (NS) was supplemented with 50% Matrigel (BD Biosciences, San José CA) in order to facilitate tumor collection. Cells (2 x 10<sup>6</sup> in 200 µΙ) were implanted subcutaneously (SC) in the rear flank region of the mouse, and allowed to grow to the designated size before compound administration for each experiment. Tumor size was determined by measurement with an electronic caliper, and tumor volume was calculated as the product of its length x width.<sup>2</sup> x 0.5. When tumor volumes averaged 400mm<sup>3</sup>, the mice were randomized by treatment groups that included vehicle control group with daily oral doses (QD (every day)) of PF-0192513-00-0004 (PD-901) and / or intravenous (iv) injections of the nanoparticle drugs, B and C, in a volume of 10 ml / kg, with a program of every four days (Q4D) for 4 doses. The dosage and the drug are described in the legends of the Figures. The animals were treated with 10 mg / kg of 1- (4-f [4- (dimethylamino) piper¡d¡n-1-¡l] carbon¡l} feníl) -3- [4 - (4,6dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea or 10, 25 or 50 mg / kg of the nanoparticles of Formulation B or C in each injection.
Figure 9 illustrates that the Nanoparticles of Formulation C produce greater tolerability and efficacy than the nanoparticles of Formulation B or 1- (4210 {[4— (d-methylamino) piperidin-1-l] carbon! l} phenyl) —3— [4— (4,6 — dimorfolin — 4 — yl — 1,3,5— triazin-2-yl) phenyl] urea (bare API).
EXAMPLE 14: IN VIVO TARGET MODULATION STUDIES WITH
NANOPARTICLES.
In vivo blank modulation studies were conducted to determine the effects of treatment with Formulation A, B and C nanoparticles on S6 phosphorylation on S235 / S236 and AKT on S473 and T308 by ELISA. Fresh dried tumors were ground to fine powder, using a Martor metal mortar and granite runner, under liquid nitrogen. The tumor powder was stored -80 ° C until the preparation of tumor lysates for the ELISA assay. Briefly, an aliquot (50 mg) of tumor powder was placed in a previously cooled 2 ml Martor tube, 500 µ 500 of cold lysis regulator [20 mM Tris-HCI (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCI, 1.0 mM was added Na<sub>2</sub> EDTA, 1mM EGTA, 1% NP-40, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 2.5mM sodium pyrophosphate, I mM β15 glycerophosphate, 1mM Na<sub>3</sub>Vo<sub>4</sub>, 1 pg / ml leupeptin, 1 mM PMSF, 1x protease / phosphatase inhibitor cocktail]; the tube was embedded in wet ice, and the samples were homogenized at a rate of 6 for 30 seconds, using a tissue homogenizer. Samples were collected, and instantly frozen on dry ice and thawed on wet ice. The freeze-thaw cycle was repeated, then the samples were centrifuged in a cold Eppendorf refrigerated centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant was collected, and centrifuged again. Total and phosphoAKT protein levels (S473 and T308) and total and phosphoS6 protein levels
211 in the tumorous specimens they were determined by ELISA. The extent of phosphorylation in resected tumors from treated animals was compared to that in resected tumors from vehicle treated animals, at the same point.
Figures 8A, 8B and 8C show that the nanoparticles of Formulation 5 B and the nanoparticles of Formulation C inhibit pS6 with improved efficacy compared to 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamine) p Sorry-1-l] carbonyl} phenyl) -3- [4- (4,6dimorpholin-4-11-1,3,5-triazin-2-l) phenyl] urea (bare API) and nanoparticles from the
Formulation A, and demonstrate persistent white modulation observed until day 7 after dosing.
EXAMPLE 15: ANALYSIS OF THE GLUCOSE AND INSULIN LEVELS
AFTER TREATMENT WITH NANOPARTICLES.
Glucose: In the mouse or rat studies, approximately 100 µl of plasma (EDTA as an anticoagulant) was used for glucose content assessment based on an enzyme assay published by Slein (Bergmeyer
HU, ed. Slein MW. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1974: 1196-1201.), Using the enzymes hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Plasma glucose was measured with the Advia® 120 Glucose Hexokinase_3 (GLUH_3) system with the automated hematology assay instrument (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., Tarrytown, New York). The Advia Chemlstry Glucose Hexokinase_3 (GLUH_3) assay used a two component reagent. The plasma sample was added to Reagent 1, which contained the regulator, ATP and NAD. The absorbance readings of the sample were taken in Reagent 1 and used to correct the interfering substances in the
212 shows. Reagent 2 (regulator, ATP, NAD, Hexokinase, and G6PD) was added, which initiated glucose conversion and the development of absorbance at 340/410 nm. The difference between the absorbance in Reagent 1 and Reagent 2 was proportional to the glucose concentration.
Insulin'. In the mouse or rat studies, approximately 20 µl of plasma (EDTA as anticoagulant) was used for evaluation of insulin content. The Insulin assay was an intercalation ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) based on a rat / mouse insulin ELISA kit purchased from EMD Millipore
Corporation (St. Charles, Missouri). The test procedure was as follows: 1) capture of insulin molecules from the plasma samples into the receptacles of a microtiter plate coated with a previously titrated amount of a monoclonal antibody to mouse anti-rat insulin, and the binding of biotinylated polyclonal antibodies to the captured insulin, 2) washing of unbound materials from samples, 3) binding of horseradish peroxidase to immobilized biotinylated antibodies, 4) washing of free enzyme conjugates, and 5) quantification of immobilized antibody-enzyme conjugates by monitoring horseradish peroxidase activities in the presence of the substrate 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine. Enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically by the highest absorbance at 450 nm, which was directly proportional to the amount of insulin captured in the plasma sample. Plasma insulin concentration was calculated by interpolation from a reference curve generated in the
213 Same test with reference models of known rat or mouse insulin concentrations.
Figure 10 illustrates that the nanoparticles of Formulation B and C may have an improved safety profile over 1- (4 - {[4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-15 ylcarbonylphenyl) -3- [4- (4,6- dimorfolin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) phenil] urea (bare API).
EQUIVALENTS
Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to evaluate using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents of the specific embodiments of the invention, as described in this application. Said equivalents are intended to be covered by the following claims.
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70 members in 42 offices
Priority claims9
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 201461953628 | United States of America | P | |
| 201461953628 | United States of America | P | |
| 61953628 | United States of America | – | |
| 2015020343 | United States of America | W | |
| 2015020343 | United States of America | W | |
| 61953628 | – | – | – |
| PCTUS2015020343 | – | – | – |
| US201461953628P | – | – | – |
| WO2015US20343 | – | – | – |
Members70
| Document | Office | Kind | |
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| CA2942859A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| US2015258102A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| WO2015138835A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
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| KR20160126084A | Republic of Korea | A | |
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| IL247346A0 | Israel | A0 | |
| IL247346D0 | Israel | D0 | |
| MX2016012009AThis record | Mexico | A | |
| EP3116547A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| MA39734A | Morocco | A | |
| CU20160135A7 | Cuba | A7 | |
| CR20160477A | Costa Rica | A | |
| EA201691692A1 | Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO) | A1 | |
| SV2016005277A | El Salvador | A | |
| JP2017508803A | Japan | A | |
| PE20170312A1 | Peru | A1 | |
| DOP2016000244A | Dominican Republic | A | |
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| JP2018154643A | Japan | A | |
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| ECSP16081557A | Ecuador | A | |
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| IL247346A | Israel | A | |
| IL247346B | Israel | B | |
| EP3116547B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| AU2015229210B2 | Australia | B2 | |
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| EP3511019A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| LT3116547T | Lithuania | T | |
| PT3116547T | Portugal | T | |
| MA39734B1 | Morocco | B1 | |
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| SA516371814B1 | Saudi Arabia | B1 | |
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| HRP20191187T1 | Croatia | T1 | |
| AU2019240695A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| PL3116547T3 | Poland | T3 | |
| RS59035B9 | Serbia | B9 | |
| ES2737692T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| ME03435B | Montenegro | B | |
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| UA121967C2 | Ukraine | C2 | |
| MY178189A | Malaysia | A | |
| EP3511019B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| DK3511019T3 | Denmark | T3 | |
| CY1122078T1 | Cyprus | T1 | |
| CU24488B1 | Cuba | B1 | |
| CN106163503B | China | B | |
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Numbers
- Publication
- 2016012009
- Publication, DOCDB
- 2016012009
- Publication, EPODOC
- MX2016012009
- Application
- 12009
- Application, DOCDB
- 2016012009
- Application, EPODOC
- MX20160012009
Titles2
- Spanish
- NANOPARTICULAS TERAPEUTICAS QUE COMPRENDEN UN AGENTE TERAPEUTICO, Y METODOS PARA SU ELABORACION Y USO.
- English
- THERAPEUTIC NANOPARTICLES COMPRISING A THERAPEUTIC AGENT AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME.
Classification
- CPC, 18
- A61K9/5146
- A61K31/5377
- A61K9/5153
- A61K47/12
- A61K9/5123
- A61K9/1075
- A61K47/28
- A61K47/34
- A61P1/00
- A61P1/16
- A61P1/18
- A61P11/00
- A61P13/12
- A61P15/00
- A61P35/00
- A61P35/02
- A61K9/107
- A61K9/51
- IPC, 6
- A61K47 12
- A61K9 51
- A61K9 107
- A61K31 5377
- A61K47 28
- A61K47 34