Photothermoelectric plant

The invention relates to energy and can be used in non-traditional energy systems.

The electric power supply system is known, which uses solar energy as a source and is composed of a battery of solar elements, a device for recirculating the electrolyte, a device for circulating hydrogen, a combustion element, a heating element and an energy control device.

Electricity generation is performed primarily by activating the electrolyte circulation device, which injects the electrolyte into the battery of solar elements. The electrolyte is a mixture of water and photocatalyst. The battery of solar elements receives light or heat to produce electricity. Water vapor and hydrogen in the gaseous form are produced and circulated through the electrolyte recirculation device and the hydrogen recirculation device. In the absence of water and light, the circulating hydrogen is deposited on the combustion element for the continuous production of electricity, the heating device provides with heat the battery of solar elements for the continuous production of electricity. The electric current, produced by the solar battery and the combustion element, is regulated by means of an energy control device in order to bring the parameters of the current produced to the parameters required by the final consumer. The invention allows power supply 24 hours a day [1].

The disadvantage of this system is the use of hazardous chemical reagents, such as hydrogen and electrolyte, which can cause explosions, as well as the use of an entire complex of electrical, chemical and mechanical devices.

Also known is the solar photoelectric installation, which confines о solar battery with Fresnel lenses and photovoltaic elements, which receive solar radiation, the bottom battery placed on a mechanical system. The mechanical system consists of two frames - о base frame and one suspended. The base frame is installed with the possibility of rotating around its vertical axis, and the suspended frame - with the possibility of rotating around its horizontal axis by means of an electric drive mechanism. The solar battery is composed of modules with solar concentrators, located on the suspended frame in the form of steps [2].

The disadvantages of this installation are the use of only direct sunlight and the impossibility of producing electricity at night.

The problem solved by the invention is to obtain the alternating current with the voltage and frequency of the industrial network during 24 hours a day.

The installation according to the invention removes the disadvantages mentioned above by the fact that it consists of a concentrator of solar rays 1, consisting of Fresnel lenses 2, in which the focus is installed photovoltaic elements 3 multilayer of heterostructured material AlGaAs / GaAs, which are installed, in turn. , on a metal support 4, in which hermetic channels 5 are executed, which are part of the first contour of the circulating water, which further includes о water pump 6 and a lower heat exchanger 10, located in a thermal accumulator 9, thermally insulated from the environment. At the same time in the thermal accumulator 9 is located an upper heat exchanger 8, which is part of the second contour of water circulation, which also includes о water pump 7 and a metal support 12 with hermetic channels 13, which contacts a Stirling motor. 14 low temperature, the shaft of which is mechanically joined to the shaft of a DC generator 15. The photovoltaic elements 3 and the DC generator 15 are connected to different inputs of an electronic power device 16, at the output of which is connected a DC battery 18, to which an inverter 19 is connected, which provides at the output 20 alternating current with frequency and voltage of the industrial network. The installation is equipped with a microprocessor control system 17.

The result of the invention consists in obtaining the alternating current with the voltage and frequency of the industrial network during 24 hours a day.

The invention is explained by the drawings in FIG. 1 and 2, representing:

FIG. 1, the generated view of the photothermal installation;

FIG. 2, the electrical diagram of the photothermal installation.

The photothermal installation includes a metal support 4, in which hermetic channels 5 are executed and through which the first contour, consisting of a water pump 6, a

MD 265 Z 2010.08.31 lower heat exchanger 10, located in a thermal accumulator 9, which holds Ара 11. On the metal support 4, in the focal point of Fresnel lenses 2, are located the photovoltaic elements 3, which concentrate the sun's rays 1. In the thermal accumulator 9 is located an upper heat exchanger 8, through which the water from the second contour passes, which also includes a water pump 7 and a metal support 12 with hermetic channels 13, which contacts a Stirling motor 14, the shaft. which is mechanically joined to the shaft of a DC generator 15. The DC current generator 15 is connected to the "+" and U1 pumps (see fig. 2), and the output of the photovoltaic elements 3, connected consecutively, is connected to the terminals "+" and U2 (see fig. 2) of an electronic power device 16, to the output of which is connected a small capacity electric current DC 18 , to which an inverter 19 is connected, which provides at the output 20 alternating current with the frequency and voltage of the industrial network. A microprocessor control system 17 receives information on the output voltages of the photovoltaic elements 3 and the output voltage of the DC generator 15 and forms control signals for pumping water pumps 6 and 7.

The source of electricity operates in the following way: the solar rays 1 fall on the surface of the Fresnel 2 lenses, which concentrate the solar energy in the focal point, in which photovoltaic elements 3 are placed consecutively and which produce direct current transmitted to the "+" and U2 pumps of the device. power electronics 16. The photovoltaic elements 3 are installed on the metal support 4, in which hermetic channels 5 are executed, through which the water flows from the first contour, composed of the water pump 6 and the lower heat exchanger 10, located in the thermal accumulator 9, filled with water 11. The day, under the influence of solar energy, takes place the production of direct current by the photovoltaic elements 3 and, at the same time, the heating of the water, circulating in the first contour. Thus, the day-to-day production of heat and the accumulation of night-time heat energy in the heat-energy accumulator 9. The control system 17 starts up the water pump 6 and disconnects the water pump 7. During the night, when the solar energy is lacking and the photovoltaic elements 3 do not produce direct current, the control system 17 starts up the water pump 7 and blocks the work of the water pump 6, which leads to the circulation of water only in the second contour, which includes the upper heat exchanger 8 and the metal support 12 with hermetic channels 13, which contact the Stirling motor 14, the shaft of which is mechanically joined to the DC generator 15. The heat energy accumulated in the water 11 of the thermal accumulator 9 is transmitted to the water from the second contour through the upper heat exchanger 8 and the metal support 12, starting the Stirling engine 14 which, in turn, rotates the shaft of the DC generator 15, which produces at its DC output output to the "+" and U1 pumps of the electronic power device 16, at the output of which the DC battery 18 is connected, to which the inverter 19 is connected, which provides at the output 20 alternating current with the frequency and voltage of the industrial network. In this way, the generation of electricity with the parameters of the industrial network takes place over 24 hours with high efficiency.

Research stages were carried out, based on which practical construction was developed. Laboratory tests were performed, which showed that the projected photothermal installation, using the energy of the sun's rays, allows to obtain during the 24 hours of the electricity with the voltage and the frequency of the current from the output of the source with the parameters of the industrial network.

MD 265 Z 2010.08.31 (56) References cited in the description:

1. RU 2346356 C2 2007.01.15

2. RU 2286517 Cl 2006.10.27