Solar steam-turbine plant

Description:

The invention refers! in the field of energy, especially in solar installations of low power steam turbines that use solar radiation receivers as heat source, and can be used! for electricity supply! of small consumers, particularly in agriculture, in the wood processing industry, and as a source! electricity! and water! warm! temporary, seasonal works, where the need for an energy source arises spontaneously, in regions with damaged infrastructure! (in the liquidation of the consequences of technological calamities or disasters), as well as in other extreme conditions, produced by natural, technogenic or anthropogenic factors.

The closest! after! technically! of the proposed installation! is solar installation! of steam turbines [1], which confines a solar energy receiver! in form! basin filled with working body and hermetically sealed with о film! transparent! at the same time! In this basin is placed a solid body that accumulates! energy. In addition, the installation confines a capacitor of the working agent used, the output of the unit is connected to the aforementioned basin, as well as the о turbine! steam on the axle! with which is placed a gas compressor and an electrogenerator. The hollow above the working body in the basin is joined to the gas turbine inlet connection.

The disadvantage of the known installation is const! in the impossibility of joining her to о solar activity! because the concentration of the working body steam can be reduced! not be enough! for the operation of the steam turbine.

It is also known! solar installation! of steam turbines [2], which confines a solar energy concentrator!, connected in the working outline of the body. In the outline composition given in! also, consecutive lamps, a steam generator, о turbine !, a regenerator with inlet and outlet connections of the heating and heating medium, a jet condenser, the inlet fitting is connected to the outlet connection. output of the regenerator to the heating medium, a radiator, the inlet connection of the housing is connected to the outlet connection of the jet condenser, and the output connection - with the input connector of the jet capacitor.

The closest solution! of the present invention is the solar installation! of steam turbines for generating electricity of tower type [3], endowed! with solar concentrator, heat exchanger receiver! solar, tank-heater of the heated thermal agent, tank of the working agent used, о pump! circulation of the thermal agent, a steam generator, о turbine! steam, a regenerative heater, a capacitor and a pump! of the working agent's circulation.

But in this! solar installation! of steam turbines, the solar-heat exchanger receiver! is placed in the focal part! of a single concentrator, which leads to complicating the construction and increasing the cost of the solar receiver orientation system. The disadvantage of the contour of the thermal agent is! in that c! the circulation of the thermal agent in the solar receiver - heat exchanger! it is done! of the circulation pump for which it is necessary! о sources! exterior! of energy when starting the steam turbine installation.

The problems I solve! present! The invention consists in increasing the operating capacity and the operating possibilities of the installation, in simplifying and cheaping the construction, as well as in reducing the preface of the electrical and technical energy produced.

The technical result obtained after the completion of the proposed installation consists of! in reducing the cost of used fuels - electricity and heat.

The removal device! the disadvantage mentioned above by those c! solar installation! of steam turbines confines a working contour of the working agent in which, consequently, through the pipes a steam generator 2 is connected with the inlet connections of the liquid working agent and the steam output, о turbine! steam 3 combined! with an electric generator 4, a regenerative heater 5 with inlet and outlet connections of the heating medium and the heated one, a capacitor 6 with inlet and outlet connections for the cooling medium, as well as a pump! 7 of the working agent circulation and a circulation contour of the thermal agent to which they are connected in a single circuit, also consecutively, through the pipes, a solar receiver 1, a storage tank 8 for the hot thermal agent, a generator of steam 2 with inlet connections of the hot agent and the outlet of the used thermal agent, a vessel 9 for the thermal agent used and о pump! 10 circulation of the thermal agent.

The novelty of the invention consists! in that c! solar receiver 1 is executed in form! of 12 independent, separate sections, connected in parallel in any number, at the same time! The circulating contour of the thermal agent includes a pressure vessel 11 connected with the inlet connection to the outlet connection of the circulating pump 10 of the thermal agent, and with the outlet connection - to the inlet connection of the solar receiver 1.

Each section of solar receiver 1 confines a solar concentrator 15 in the focal part! of

MD 3083 B2 2006.06.30 to which a heat exchanger 13 is installed which confines a thermostat 14 installed at the outlet of the heat exchanger 13.

In order to have the possibility of starting the steam turbine installation in the absence of electricity sources!, The pressure vessel 11 is located above the accumulator vessel 8 of the hot thermal agent, and the steam generator 2 - above the vessel of the thermal agent used and more. down from the storage tank 8 of the hot thermal agent.

The steam generator, the heated storage tank, the used heating tank, the pressure vessel, the solar part! of the heat exchanger and the pipes that join them, are isolated from the outside from the environment. It is preferable to use as a working agent organic substances (liquids or slightly sublimated compounds). The invention is explained! through the drawing in the figure, which represents! block-scheme of the basic variant! of the solar turbine installation.

In the basic version !, the turbine installation! solar! confine solar receiver 1, steam generator 3 with electrogenerator 4, recuperative heater 5, condenser 6, pump! 7 circulation of the working agent, storage tank 8 of the heated thermal agent, the vessel 9 of the used thermal agent, pump! 10 circulation of thermal agent and 11 pressure vessel. The solar receiver Icontine sections 12, each section 12 confines a heat exchanger! 13, thermostat 14 and solar concentrator 15!

Installation preferably! can be applied! as follows: before the installation is put into operation, the pressure vessel 11, the vessel 9 of the thermal agent used and the solar receiver 1 are filled with the thermal agent in the required volume, and the thermostats 14 are closed.

When receiving the solar radiation, the thermal agent from the heat exchangers of the solar receiver 1 is heated, heating at the same time! the sensitive elements of the thermostats 14 of the sections 12.

When growing up! at a certain predetermined degree of the temperature of the heat exchanger in exchange for the heat! of the heat receptor! 1, thermostats 14 gradually open in measure! necessary! in order to maintain the given temperature and under the pressure of the pressure created by the pressure vessel 11, the thermal agent advances! in the storage tank 8 of the hot thermal agent, then move on! by free flow! in the steam generator 2, then in the vessel 9 of the thermal agent used. The volume of the pressure vessel 11 must be sufficient to heat the working agent in the steam generator until the temperature! necessary! for commissioning the turbine installation! with steam. The hot water tank 8 has a buffer between the solar receiver 1 and the steam generator 2. As the pressure vessel 11 is emptied under the periodic action of the circulation pump 10, the thermal agent is pumped from the vessel 9 to the thermal agent used in the pressure vessel 11, from where the thermal agent flows freely! advances! and in solar receiver 1 for heating.

The steam from the steam generator 2 enters the steam turbine 3, causing the turbine to rotate and producing electricity, and after! exit from the steam turbine 3 enters the regenerative heater 5, which transmits adder о part of the heat and enters the condenser 6, where it condenses, after! that is accumulating! in form! of liquid at the bottom of the capacitor. From the capacitor 6 the working agent 5 of the circulating pump 7 of the working agent through the regenerative heater 5, is pumped into the steam generator 2 and the cycle is repeated!

Thermal power! of the solar receiver 1 is adjusted! greater than the thermal power! consumed! of steam turbine 3 when operating at о rated power! Which gives the possibility to create a heated heating supply that is used in the conditions of an alternative feeding, and in quiet days I assure! install a continuous thing after! cessation of the inflow of solar radiation to the solar receiver 1.

Presence in solar installation! turbine of the solar receiver, composed of separate windows, equipped with heat exchangers and thermostats, which provide! heating the heat up to о temperature! predetermined! and allows the use of solar receivers of simple construction! orientation or partial orientation! in the sun, which simplifies! and cheap construction, and the possibility of accumulating a supply of hot thermal agent increases the operating capacity of the installation and widens the functional possibilities. Presence of the pressure vessel in the contour of the thermal agent, the positioning in the reciprocal position of the vessels and the steam generator that ensures the free flow! of the thermal agent, allows to start the solar installation of cold turbines, headlight! other energy sources than solar!

This! trust insurance! complete autonomy of the operation of the solar turbine installation. The use of the proposed construction allows to reduce by about 9.7% savings! the closest solution !, the price of the energy carriers produced, of the electric and thermal energy.