Increasing capacity in wireless communications

Related application

0001This application was filed on June 9, 2008 and is entitled "Apparatus and Methods for Increasing Capacity in Wireless Communications", US Provisional Application No. 61 / 060,119. Issue and US Provisional Application No. 61 / 060,408, filed June 10, 2008, entitled "Apparatus and Methods for Increasing Capacity in Wireless Communications." Issue and US Provisional Application No. 61 / 061,546, filed June 13, 2008, entitled "Apparatus and Methods for Increasing Capacity in Wireless Communications." Claiming the priority of the issues, their content is incorporated herein by reference throughout.

0002This application is a partial continuation application of US Application No. 12 / 389,211 entitled "Frame Termination" filed on February 19, 2009, and it was filed on February 20, 2008. Claims priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 030,215, both of which have been assigned to the assignee of the present application, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. ing.

Field

0003The present invention generally relates to digital communications, and more specifically to techniques for reducing transmission power and improving the capacity of wireless digital communication systems.

background

0004Wireless communication systems have been widely deployed to provide various types of communication such as voice, packet data and the like. These systems may be based on code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or other multiple access techniques. For example, such systems have become standards such as 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3gpp2 or "cdma2000"), 3rd Generation Partnership (3gpp, or "W-CDMA") or Long Term Evolution ("LTE"). Can be matched. In the design of such communication systems, it is desirable to maximize capacity, or the number of users the system can reliably support, given the available resources. Several factors affect the capacity of wireless communication systems, some of which are mentioned below.

0005For example, in voice communication systems, vocoders are often used to encode voice transmissions using one of a plurality of variable encoding rates. The coding rate can be selected, for example, based on the amount of speech activity detected during a particular time interval. In a vocabulary for cdma2000 wireless communication systems, for example, speech transmission is full rate (FR), half rate (HR), quarter rate (QR), or 1 Can be transmitted using eight h rate (ER), full rate frames contain the maximum number of traffic bits, and 1/8 rate frames contain the minimum number of traffic bits. Includes. 1/8 rate frames are normally transmitted during periods of silence and generally correspond to the lowest rate transmissions that can be achieved by voice communication systems.

0006Although 1/8 rate frames represent reduced rate transmissions in cdma2000 systems, 1/8 rate frames still contain non-zero numbers of traffic bits. Even 1/8 rate frame transmissions unnecessarily consume a significant level of transmit power in the system for a period of time, for example no speech activity and a relatively long period of constant background noise. there is a possibility. This raises the level of interference caused to other users and, as a result, undesirably reduces system capacity.

0007It would be desirable to provide technology that further reduces the transmission rate of voice communication systems below what minimum rate frame transmission can provide, such as 1/8 rate frame transmission.

0008In another aspect of wireless communication systems, transmission between two units often utilizes a degree of redundancy to guard against errors in the received signal. For example, in forward link (FL) transmission from a base station (BS) to a mobile station (MS) in a cdma2000 wireless communication system, such as fractional-rate symbol encoding and symbol repetition. Redundancy can be utilized. In cdma2000 systems, encoded symbols are grouped into subsegments known as power control groups (PCGs) and transmitted wirelessly, yet a fixed number of PCGs are frames. Is defined.

0009Symbol redundancy techniques, such as those used in cdma2000, allow accurate recovery of transmitted signals in the presence of errors, but such techniques also allow the overall system when signal reception is good. It represents a premium in transmit power, which can also undesirably reduce system capacity.

0010For example, it is even more desirable to provide an efficient technique for terminating the transmission of a frame when it is determined that the receiver has accurately recovered the information associated with that frame, thereby conserving transmission power. Increase system capacity. It would be even more desirable to provide a modified power control scheme to adapt such techniques.

0011Aspect of the present disclosure is a method of processing information according to multiple rates, wherein the method receives a current frame containing traffic information; the current frame is a critical frame type. Determining if is; processing traffic information for transmission if the current frame is determined to be of critical frame type; and determining that the current frame is not of critical frame type. If so, determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission; if it is determined that the current frame is not guaranteed for transmission, then process the null rate for transmission. Note that the null rate has an information bit rate that is reduced compared to the traffic information; it comprises transmitting the result of the process for transmission;

0012Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method for power control of transmission over a wireless channel, receiving the current frame and still formatting the frame into multiple subsegments. Processing received frames according to the physical layer protocol, and yet processing, comprises determining whether the received frames were received correctly; the current received frames are null. Determining if it is a rate frame; if the current received frame is determined to be a null rate frame, the outer loop is the result of whether the current received frame was received correctly. It features not to update the power control algorithm and;

0013Yet another aspect of the disclosure provides a device for processing information according to multiple rates so that the device receives a current frame containing traffic information; the current frame is critical. To determine if it is a frame type; if the current frame is determined to be a critical frame type, to process traffic information for transmission; if the current frame is not a critical frame type If so, determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission; if it is determined that the current frame is not guaranteed for transmission, handle the null rate for transmission. As such, the null rate has an information bit rate that is reduced compared to the traffic information; with a configured systematic blanking module, the device is configured to transmit the result of the process for transmission. Further equipped with a transmitter.

0014Yet another aspect of the present disclosure provides a device for power control of transmission over a wireless channel, wherein the device is a receiver configured to receive the current frame, and the frame. Formatted into multiple subsegments; the current received frame is null to determine if the received frame was received correctly, as it processes the received frame according to the physical layer protocol. If the current received frame is determined to be a null rate frame, just as it determines if it is a rate frame, the external loop power is the result of whether the current received frame was received correctly. It has a configured processor and; so as not to update the control algorithm.

0015Yet another aspect of the disclosure provides a device for processing information according to multiple rates, the device systematically for processing a current frame containing traffic information for transmission. It comprises systematic blanking means and a transmitter configured to transmit the result of the process for transmission.

0016Yet another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions for causing a computer to process information according to multiple rates, the medium being a computer. With an instruction to receive the current frame containing traffic information; and an instruction to determine whether the current frame is of the critical frame type; the current frame is determined to be of the critical frame type. If so, an instruction to process traffic information for transmission; and if it is determined that the current frame is not a critical frame type, to determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission. Instructions; If it is determined that the current frame is not guaranteed for transmission, the instruction to process the null rate for transmission, and the null rate is a reduced information bit compared to the traffic information. Has a rate; further preserves.

0017<figref num="1">FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art of a wireless communication system.</figref><figref num="2">FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art of a signal transmission path for voice.</figref><figref num="3">FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a signal transmission path for a voice according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an algorithm that can be applied by a systematic blanking module.</figref><figref num="5">5 and 5A illustrate an exemplary frame transmission sequence as processed by a vocoder and a systematic blanking module.</figref><figref num="5A">5 and 5A illustrate an exemplary frame transmission sequence as processed by a vocoder and a systematic blanking module.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a receiving algorithm for processing a systematically blanked signal generated by a voice transmission path as shown in FIG.</figref><figref num="7">FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of a signal transmission path for a voice according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="8">FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an algorithm that can be applied by a systematic blanking module.</figref><figref num="9">9 and 9A illustrate an exemplary frame transmission sequence as processed by a vocoder and a systematic blanking module.</figref><figref num="9A">9 and 9A illustrate an exemplary frame transmission sequence as processed by a vocoder and a systematic blanking module.</figref><figref num="10">FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a method for systematic blanking according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="11">FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a pilot gating scheme according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="12">FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of reduced rate power control for controlling the power of forward link (FL) transmission according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="13">FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a reduced rate power control scheme for controlling the power of reverse link (RL) continuous pilot transmission according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="14">FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a reduced rate power control scheme for controlling the power of reverse link (RL) gate pilot transmission according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="15">FIG. 15 illustrates a power control method according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="16">FIG. 16 illustrates a prior art frame processing scheme for processing information bits in a transmitter in a communication system.</figref><figref num="16A"><u style="single">FIG. 16A illustrates the sequence of information bits and symbols in the frame processing scheme of FIG.</u></figref><figref num="17">FIG. 17 illustrates a timing diagram associated with a prior art forward link signaling scheme for cdma2000.</figref><figref num="18">FIG. 18 illustrates a prior art method for recovering the estimated information bit b'from the received symbol y.</figref><figref num="19">FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a scheme for early termination of forward link transmission for systems operating according to the cdma2000 standard.</figref><figref num="20">FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a per-sub-segment decoding scheme according to the present disclosure.</figref><figref num="21">FIG. 21 shows an exemplary embodiment of a forward link symbol path according to the present disclosure and an implementation of a prior art forward link symbol path for Radio Configuration 4 according to the cdma2000 standard. Illustrate the location.</figref><figref num="22">FIG. 22 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a signaling scheme used to signal an ACK message over a reverse link for an early termination modulator.</figref><figref num="23">FIG. 23 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the scheme for early termination of reverse link transmission for systems operating according to the cdma2000 standard.</figref><figref num="24">FIG. 24 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a reverse link symbol path according to the present disclosure and an implementation of a prior art reverse link symbol path.</figref><figref num="25">Figure 25 is used to signal an ACK message over the reverse link for early termination of the forward basic channel (F-FCH) and / or up to two forward supplement channels (F-SCH1 and F-SCH2). Illustrative embodiments of the signaling schemes to be made are illustrated.</figref><figref num="26">FIG. 26 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the present disclosure.</figref>

Detailed explanation

0018The following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings is intended as an illustration of an exemplary embodiment of the invention and is intended to represent the only exemplary embodiment in which the invention can be practiced. Not. As used throughout this specification, the term "exemplary" means "acting as an example, instance, or illustration" and others. It should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over the exemplary embodiments of. The detailed description includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of exemplary embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that exemplary embodiments of the invention can be practiced without these specific details. In another example, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams to avoid obscuring the novelty of the exemplary embodiments presented herein.

0019As used herein and in the claims, an element is referred to as being "connected to" or "coupled to" with respect to another element, and it is the other. It will be understood that there may be intervening elements that are directly connected or connected to the element. In contrast, there are no intervening elements when an element is referred to as "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element.

0020The communication system can use a single carrier frequency or a multiple carrier frequency. Referring to FIG. 1, in the wireless cellular communication system 100, reference numbers 102A to 102G refer to cells, reference numbers 160A to 160G refer to base stations, and reference numbers 106A to 106G refer to access terminals (AT). Communication channels are forward link (FL) (also known as downlink) for transmission from access network (AN) 160 to access terminal (AT) 160 and transmission from AT 106 to AN160. Includes reverse link (RL) (also known as uplink). AT106 is also known as a remote station, mobile station, or subscriber station. The access terminal (AT) 106 may be mobile or stationary. Each link can incorporate a different number of carrier frequencies. Further, the access terminal 106 may be any data device that communicates over a wireless channel or through a wired channel, for example using an optical fiber or coaxial cable. The access terminal 106 is further, but not limited to, on any of a plurality of types of devices, including, but not limited to, PC Cards, CompactFlash®, external or internal modems, or wireless or wireline telephones. There can be.

0021Modern communication systems are designed to allow multiple users to access a common communication medium. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Spatial Division Multiple Access, Polarization Division Multiple Access (polarization division) Numerous multiple access technologies, such as multiple-access), code division multiple access (CDMA), and other multiple access technologies, are known in the art. The concept of multiple access is a channel allocation method that allows multiple users to access a common communication link. Channel allocation can take various forms depending on the specific multi-access technology. As an example, in an FDMA system, the total frequency spectrum is divided into multiple smaller subbands, and each user is given his or her own subband to access the communication link. Alternatively, in a TDMA system, each user is given the entire frequency spectrum while periodically repeating the time slot. In a CDMA system, each user is given the entire frequency spectrum for all of the time, but distinguishes its transmission through the use of signals.

0022An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure describes operations according to the cdma2000 standard below, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technology can be readily applied to other digital communication systems. You will understand that. For example, the techniques of the present disclosure can also be applied to a system based on the W-CDMA (or 3gpp) wireless communication standard and / or any other communication standard. Illustrative embodiments of such alternatives are considered within the scope of this disclosure.

0023FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art signal transmission path 200 for voice. In FIG. 2, the voice signal 200a is input to the vocoder 210, which encodes the speech signal for transmission. The voice frame 210a output by the vocoder 210 can select one of a plurality of rates according to the speech content of the voice signal 200a at any time. In Figure 2, multiple rates include full rate (FR), 1/2 rate (HR), and 1/4 rate (QR), and 1/8 rate (ER). The voice frame 210a is supplied to the physical layer processing module 220, which prepares the voice frame data for transmission according to the physical layer protocol of the system. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such protocols can include, for example, encoding, repeating, puncturing, interleaving, and / or modulating the data. Let's do it. The output of the physical layer processing module 220 is supplied to the TX block 230 for transmission. The TX block 230 can perform radio frequency (RF) operations such as upconverting the signal to a carrier frequency and amplifying the signal for transmission on the antenna (not shown).

0024In general, the rate of voice frame 210a selected by the vocoder 210 to encode the voice signal 200a at any time depends on the level of speech activity detected in the voice signal 200a. For example, full rate (FR) can be selected for a frame while the voice signal 200a contains active speech, while 1/8 rate (ER) is selected for a frame while the voice signal 200a contains silence. Can be done. During such a silence period, the ER frame can contain parameters that characterize the "background noise" associated with the silence. ER frames contain significantly fewer bits than FR frames, but silence periods can often occur during normal conversations, resulting in an overall focus on transmitting ER frames. Make sure that the transmit bandwidth is significant.

0025It would be desirable to further reduce the transmit bandwidth required to transmit the voice signal 200a to the receiver.

0026FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a signal transmission path 300 for a voice according to the present disclosure. In FIG. 3, the voice signal 200a is input to the vocoder 310, which generates the voice frame 310a for transmission. Voice frame 310a has full rate (FR), 1/2 rate (HR), 1/4 rate (QR), 1/8 rate (ER), and critical 1/8 rate (ER). -Adopt one of several rates that include (C). In an exemplary embodiment, the designation of a 1/8 rate frame as a "critical" 1/8 rate frame includes parameters corresponding to changes in background noise detected, for example, during a silence interval. Made by vocoder 310 for rate frames.

0027The voice frame 310a is supplied to the systematic blanking module 315, which instead supplies the processed voice frame 315a to the physical layer processing module 220. As further explained below, the systematic blanking module 315 selectively "blanks" the vocoder output, i.e., data rates less than the data rate of 1/8 rate frames. It is configured to minimize the transmit bit rate of the vocoder output 310a by replacing the null rate (NR) frame it has with a frame with the vocoder output 310a. In an exemplary embodiment, the NR frame can have zero traffic content, i.e. a traffic bit rate of 0 bits per second (bps).

0028FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 400 of the algorithm that can be applied by the systematic blanking module 315.

0029At step 410, the systematic blanking module 315 receives frame 310a from the vocoder 310.

0030At step 420, frame 310a is evaluated to determine if it is FR, HR, QR or ER-C. Such rates are considered critical to transmission and are called critical frame types. If frame 310a contains one of these critical rates, frame 310a is fed directly to the physical layer processing module 220 for transmission. If not, the frame is considered to contain a non-critical rate and the algorithm proceeds to step 430.

0031The exemplary designation of FR, HR, QR and ER-C as "critical" is for illustration purposes only and is meant to limit the scope of this disclosure to these embodiments only. It should be noted that such frame types are not designated as critical. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, other sets of frame types can be designated as critical for transmission by the systematic blanking module. It is considered that such alternative exemplary embodiments are within the scope of the present disclosure.

0032At step 430, the algorithm evaluates the frame number of the current frame to be transmitted to determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission. In an exemplary embodiment, the guaranteed transmission can include a non-zero rate (eg, non-NR) transmission. In an exemplary embodiment, the frame number may be a number assigned to each frame that is continuously repeated for each continuous frame. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the current frame number FrameNumber is added to the current frame offset FrameOffset and the result (FrameNumber + FrameOffset) is applied to the mod row operation (mod) with the non-blanking interval parameter N. To. If the result of the modulo operation is 0, the algorithm proceeds to step 440. Otherwise, the algorithm proceeds to step 450.

0033One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that techniques other than the specific evaluation shown in step 430 can be readily applied to specify which frames should be guaranteed for transmission. Such alternative techniques can utilize, for example, parameters other than the current frame number or current frame offset, or operations other than the illustrated modulo operations.

0034At step 450, the systematic blanking module 315 supplies the physical layer processing module 220 with null rate (NR) frames for transmission. In an exemplary embodiment, the null rate frame has a traffic data rate of 0 bps (bits per second) and therefore consumes the minimum signaling bandwidth. After transmitting the null rate frame, the algorithm returns to step 410 to receive the next voice frame 310a from the vocoder 310.

0035Based on the above description, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the non-blanking interval N controls how often non-critical frames are transmitted, N = 1 for all non-critical frame transmissions. Corresponding, higher values N correspond to less frequent transmissions of non-critical frames. In an exemplary embodiment, N can adopt values 1 and 4 by default, for example other reserved values or 8 as defined by external signaling (not shown).

00365 and 5A illustrate exemplary frame transmission sequences 310a * and 315a *, respectively, as processed by the vocoder 310 and the systematic blanking module 315.

0037In Figure 5, the frame sequence 310a * includes a 1/8 rate frame labeled "ER" and a 1/8 rate critical frame labeled "ER-C". A sequence of such frames can occur during a voice conversation, eg, during one silence period of the conversation.

0038In FIG. 5A, the frame transmission sequence 315a * corresponds to the result of applying a selective blanking algorithm such as 400 to the transmission sequence 310a *, where the non-blanking interval N = 4 is used. .. In Figure 5A, the frame sequence 315a includes a 1/8 rate frame ER and a null rate frame NR. FrameNum0 is transmitted as directly received from the vocoder 310, i.e. as an ER frame. FrameNum1 and 3 are transmitted as NR frames according to the non-blanking interval N = 4. FrameNum2 is designated by the vocoder as a critical 1/8 rate frame ER-C and is transmitted as an ER frame. As shown, FrameNum4 ~ 13 are processed in the same way. As shown in Figure 5, the frames corresponding to (FrameNum + FrameOffset modN) = 0 are marked.

0039FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a receive algorithm 600 for processing a signal generated by a voice transmit signal path utilizing a systematic blanking module such as 315 shown in FIG.

0040In FIG. 6, in step 610, the transmitted signal is received (RX) and processed using, for example, an operation complementary to TX operation 230 as shown in FIG. Such RX operations can include, for example, RF amplification, frequency down conversion, filtering, and the like.

0041At step 620, the physical layer receive (RX) process is performed using, for example, an operation complementary to the physical layer TX operation 220 shown in FIG. Such physical layer reception processing can include, for example, decoding, deinterleaving, symbol combining, and the like.

0042At step 630, algorithm 600 evaluates whether the current received frame is an NR frame. If yes, the algorithm returns to step 610 to start receiving the next frame because there is no traffic data to process for the NR frame. If no, the algorithm proceeds to step 640.

0043Those skilled in the art will recognize that various techniques can be used to assess whether the current receive frame is an NR frame. In an exemplary embodiment, the energy evaluation algorithm can be utilized to detect the energy of the traffic portion of the receiving frame. For example, the energy corresponding to the traffic portion of the receiving frame can be measured and compared to the appropriate scaled energy threshold. If the measured energy is below the threshold, an NR frame can be declared because in an exemplary embodiment the signal is not expected to be transmitted by the transmitter in the traffic portion of the NR frame. Such energy evaluation algorithms can also leverage the knowledge of systematic blanking algorithms and non-blanking interval N used by transmitters to further aid in the detection of NR frames.

0044It should be noted that the prior description of possible NR detection algorithms is given for purposes of illustration only and does not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure to any particular NR detection algorithm. I want to be.

0045At step 640, the parameters of the received non-NR frame can be used to update the outer loop power control (OLPC) algorithm at the receiver. In an exemplary embodiment, the parameters of the received non-NR frame can include, for example, the frame quality indicator (FQI), eg, the result of whether the CRC for the received frame has passed the quality check. Those skilled in the art can use the OLPC algorithm, for example, to compute the appropriate signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) setpoint for the received frame, and it will transmit and receive for the transmitted voice frame. You will understand that it can be used to guide the power control feedback mechanism to and from the machine. By excluding quality check results derived from NR frames, the OLPC algorithm can be updated accurately, for example, using only frames with significantly transmitted energy for the traffic portion.

0046At step 650, the voice frame can be decoded to voice output 650a and algorithm 600 returns to step 610 to receive the next frame.

0047FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of a signal transmission path 700 for voice according to the present disclosure. In FIG. 7, the voice signal 200a is input to the vocoder 710, and the vocoder 710 generates a voice frame 710a for transmission. The voice frame 710a has full rate (FR), 1/2 rate (HR), 1/4 rate (QR), 1/8 rate (ER), and vocoder null rate (VNR). One of several rates containing can be adopted. VNR frames, also known as zero-rate vocoder rates or empty vocoder frames, are generated by the vocoder 710 when there is no new information to be sent by the vocoder. In an exemplary embodiment, the VNR frame may simply be a blank frame containing no data.

0048The voice frame 710a is supplied to the systematic blanking module 715, which instead supplies the processed voice frame 715a to the physical layer processing module 220. As further described herein below, the systematic blanking module 715 has a vocoder output with null rate (NR) or null rate indicator (NRID) frames that have little or no data content. It is configured to minimize the transmit bit rate of the vocoder output 710a by selectively replacing certain frames of the 710a.

0049FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 800 of an algorithm that can be applied by the systematic blanking module 715.

0050At step 810, the systematic blanking module 715 receives frame 710a from the vocoder 710.

0051At step 820, frame 710a is evaluated to determine if it is FR, HR, QR or ER. Such rates are considered critical to transmission. If frame 710a contains one of these critical rates, frame 710a is fed to the physical layer processing module 220 for transmission in step 840. If not, the frame is considered to contain a non-critical rate and the algorithm proceeds to step 830.

0052At step 830, the algorithm evaluates the current frame number of the transmission to determine if a non-zero transmission should take place. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the current frame number FrameNumber is added to the current frame offset FrameOffset and the result (FrameNumber + FrameOffset) is applied to the mod row operation (mod) with the non-blanking interval parameter N. .. If the result of the modulo operation is 0, the algorithm proceeds to step 835. If not, the algorithm proceeds to step 850.

0053At step 835, the null rate indicator (NRID) frame can be transmitted. Such a frame can correspond to a predetermined frame or indicator that is recognizable to the receiver as containing no new information, and it is also called a frame with null traffic data. The null traffic data may contain bit patterns that are not used by the receiving vocoder, so the null traffic data will be discarded by the receiving vocoder. In one embodiment, for example, the predetermined null frame or indicator may be a known 18-kbps frame with null traffic data. In another aspect, for example, a predetermined frame or indicator repeats the last transmitted 1.8 kbps frame, thereby indicating null traffic data.

0054At step 850, the systematic blanking module 715 supplies the physical layer processing module 220 with null rate (NR) frames for transmission. In an exemplary embodiment, the null rate frame does not include traffic bits and therefore consumes the minimum signaling bandwidth. After transmitting the null rate frame, the algorithm returns to step 810 to receive the next voice frame 710a from the vocoder 710.

00559 and 9A illustrate exemplary frame transmission sequences 710a * and 715a *, respectively, as processed by the vocoder 710 and the systematic blanking module 715.

0056In FIG. 9, the sequence of frames 710a * includes a 1/8 rate frame labeled "ER" and a vocoder null rate frame labeled "VNR" generated by the vocoder 710.

0057In Figure 9A, the frame transmission sequence 715a * corresponds to the result of applying a selective blanking algorithm such as 800 to the transmission sequence 710a *, where the non-blanking interval N = 4 is used. ing. In Figure 9A, the frame sequence 715a * includes a 1/8 rate frame ER and a null rate frame NR. FrameNum0 is transmitted directly as received from the vocoder 710, i.e. as an ER frame. According to the non-blanking interval N = 4, FrameNum1-3 is transmitted as an NR frame, and FrameNum4 is transmitted as an NRID frame. Note that NRID frames are transmitted to ensure periodic non-zero rate frame transmission, as described with reference to Algorithm 800. The processing of FrameNum5-13 can be easily understood by those skilled in the art by the above description.

0058FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of Method 1000 for systematic blanking according to the present disclosure. It should be noted that Method 1000 is shown for purposes of illustration only and does not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure to any particular method shown.

0059In FIG. 10, in step 1010, a decision is made about the existence of new traffic information, which is included in the frame for transmission over the wireless communication link.

0060At step 1020, the decision block determines the outcome of the decision at step 1010.

0061In step 1030, if new traffic information exists, the traffic portion containing the data representing the new traffic information can be added to the frame.

0062In step 1040, if no new traffic information exists, no new frame will be transmitted unless each frame corresponds to a guaranteed frame for transmission. In this case, it produces a guaranteed frame for transmission containing null traffic data that can be recognized by receiving the vocoder as a null data rate.

0063FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a pilot gating scheme for identifying null rate frame transmissions according to the present disclosure. It should be noted that the pilot gating scheme is given for illustration purposes only and does not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure to the system, yet null rate frame transmissions are gate controlled. It is inevitably accompanied by a pilot transmission (accompanied by).

0064In FIG. 11, the traffic portion 1110 of the TX transmission is shown together with the pilot portion 1120. The pilot portion 1120 appears to have a different pattern during the transmission of null rate frames than during the transmission of non-null rate frames. For example, as shown in Figure 11, the pilot gating pattern for null frames can correspond to two subsegments or PCGs, where the pilot is turned on ("P" in Figure 11). (Shown), alternating with 2 subsegments or PCGs, where the pilot is turned off. The use of different pilot gating patterns between null frame transmissions can further help the receiver in determining whether the currently received frame is a null frame. This can be used, for example, during the null rate determination step 630 of FIG.

0065Those skilled in the art will appreciate from the point of view of the present disclosure that alternative pilot gating patterns can be easily derived to signal the presence of null frames. For example, the pilot gating pattern can include pilot transmissions every other subsegment or PCG, or using any other pattern. Such alternative techniques are considered to be within the scope of this disclosure.

0066In another aspect of the disclosure, the power control rate of the forward and / or reverse links of the system can be reduced to further reduce the signal transmission of the system. In an exemplary embodiment, the mobile station links the number of forward link power control commands that the mobile station sends to the base station, for example, between PCGs that correspond to gate-controlled reverse link pilot transmissions. By only sending a power control command, it is possible to reduce even in a frame where the reverse link pilot part is continuous (ie, not gate controlled). In another exemplary embodiment, the base station may send reverse link power control commands at reduced rates, eg, every power control group. In addition, mobile stations that receive these reverse link power control commands can each apply one to control the transmission of non-null frames. For null frames, the reduced number of received power control commands from the base station (eg less than all) is the mobile station, for example when the reverse link pilot portion is gate controlled, as described above. It can be used to control the transmission of null frames in. These exemplary power control techniques are further described with reference to FIGS. 12-14.

0067FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 1200 of a reduced rate power control scheme for controlling the power of forward link (FL) transmission according to the present disclosure.

0068In FIG. 12, the base station transmit (BS TX) 1210 is shown together with the mobile station transmit (MS TX) 1220. PCGs containing forward link (FL) power control (PC) commands sent by mobile stations are shown as shaded PCGs in 1220. The upper right arrow points to the forward link PCG transmitted by the base station, originating from each diagonal line PCG, to which the received FL PC command applies. For example, an FL PC command transmitted by a mobile station of RL PCG # 3 is applied by a base station in transmitting FL PCG # 4.

0069Note that in Figure 12, the shaded PCG of 1220 corresponds to the RL PCG, and the RL TX pilot is turned on according to the gate-controlled pilot scheme 1100 shown in Figure 11. At the same time, the mobile station sends only FL PC commands in the RL PCG, which supports the shaded PCG, as shown by 1220. The mobile station does not send FL PC commands on the non-diagonal RL PCG. Therefore, FL PC commands are gate-controlled regardless of whether a gate-controlled pilot pattern is used, or not for a particular frame (eg, whether a particular frame is a null-rate frame). Only transmitted in those RL PCGs transmitted during the pilot schemes. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the complexity of FL PC processing can be reduced, and that it also reduces the overall FL PC rate.

0070FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 1300 of a reduced rate power control scheme for controlling the power of reverse link (RL) continuous pilot transmission according to the present disclosure.

0071In FIG. 13, the PCG containing the forward link (RL) power control (PC) command transmitted by the base station is shown as a shaded PCG at 1310. The lower right arrow points to the reverse link PCG originated from each diagonal PCG and transmitted by the mobile station applying the corresponding incoming RL PC command. For example, an RL PC command transmitted by a FL PCG # 3 base station is applied by a mobile station in transmitting RL PCG # 4.

0072In FIG. 13, the base station transmits only RL PC commands in the FL PCG corresponding to the shaded PCG, as shown by 1310. The base station does not send RL PC commands on non-diagonal PCGs.

0073FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 1400 of a reduced rate power control scheme for controlling the power of reverse link (RL) gate controlled pilot transmission according to the present disclosure.

0074In FIG. 14, the PCG containing the forward link (RL) power control (PC) command transmitted by the base station is also shown as a shaded PCG at 1410. The solid lower right arrow points to the reverse link PCG originated from the diagonal line PCG and transmitted by the mobile station applying the corresponding incoming RL PC command. On the other hand, the dotted arrow originating from the shaded PCG indicates the RL PC command sent by the base station not applied by the MS to the corresponding RL PCG pointed to. The base station simply sends the RL PC command on the FL PCG that corresponds to the shaded PCG. The base station does not send RL PC commands on non-diagonal PCGs.

0075For example, an RL PC command transmitted by a FL PCG # 1 base station is applied by a mobile station in transmitting RL PCG # 3. On the other hand, the RL PC command transmitted by the FL PCG # 2 base station is not applied by the mobile station, such as in transmitting the RL PCG # 4. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, the mobile station can maintain the same power level used for the previous PCG, eg, RL PCG # 3, in the described example. In aspects of the present disclosure, this can be done by the mobile station to simplify the processing of RL PC commands.

0076FIG. 15 illustrates a power control method 1500 according to the present disclosure. It should be noted that Method 1500 is shown for illustrative purposes only and does not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure.

0077In step 1510, the current frame is received and the frame is formatted into multiple subsegments.

0078In step 1520, the received frames are processed according to the physical layer protocol.

0079At step 1530, the receive power control command is received in the subsegment designated for transmission according to the first gate-controlled pilot pattern.

0080At step 1540, the transmit power of the TX subsegment following the specified subsegment is adjusted according to the receive power control command, and the TX subsegment is transmitted according to the second gate controlled pilot pattern.

0081According to another aspect of the disclosure, the technique is provided for early termination of forward link transmission and / or reverse link transmission in a wireless communication system in order to save power and increase capacity.

0082FIG. 16 illustrates a prior art frame processing scheme for processing information bits 1600b in a communication system transmitter. In certain exemplary embodiments, the frame processing scheme shown can be used for forward or reverse link transmission of a wireless communication system. FIG. 16A illustrates the status of the data processed by the operations illustrated in FIG.

0083It should be noted that the frame processing scheme is shown for purposes of illustration only and does not imply limiting the scope of the present disclosure to any particular processing scheme shown. In an alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, alternative frame processing that reorders the steps of the scheme shown in FIG. 16 and / or adds or removes steps to the scheme shown. A scheme can be adopted. Illustrative embodiments of such alternatives are considered within the scope of this disclosure.

0084In FIG. 16, the information source produces information bits 1600b at the selected rate R. The number of information bits 1600b generated per frame is determined by the selected rate R. For example, in a cdma2000 system, 172 information bits / 20ms frame (full rate), 80 bits / frame (1/2 rate), 40 bits / frame (1/4 rate), 16 bits / frame. ("1/8 rate") may be used. The information bit 1600b for the frame is displayed intensively by the variable b in Figure 16A.

0085At step 1600, a frame quality indicator (FQI) is generated and can be added to the information bits 1600b for the frame. For example, the FQI may be a cyclical-redundancy check (CRC) known to those of skill in the art. As also illustrated in FIG. 16A, the signal 1600a represents a combination of information bits 1600b and FQI.

0086At step 1610, the encoder tail bit can be applied to the signal 1600a. For example, the encoder tail bits can represent a fixed number of zero-valued tail bits for use with a convolutional encoder. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 16A, the signal 1610a represents a combination of signals 1600a with encoder tail bits.

0087At step 1620, the signal 1610a is encoded and repeated (or punctured). As mentioned above, the coding can include convolutional coding or turbo coding, and iteration further increases (or decreases in the case of puncturing) the transmitted energy associated with each symbol. Helps you. For example, the coding may utilize other techniques known to those of skill in the art, such as block coding or other types of coding, to the coding expressly described herein. Note that it does not have to be limited. Signal 1620a represents a coded and repeated (or punctured) version of signal 1610a, as also illustrated in FIG. 16A.

0088In step 1630, the signal 1620a is interleaved, for example, to improve the diversity of the symbols encoded according to the chosen signal dimension. In an exemplary implementation, the symbols may be interleaved over time. As also illustrated in FIG. 16A, signal 1630a represents an interleaved version of signal 1620a.

0089At step 1640, the interleaved symbols of signal 1630a are mapped to a predefined frame format, as also illustrated in Figure 16A. The frame format can specify a frame consisting of multiple subsegments. In an exemplary embodiment, the subsegment may be any part of a frame that is contiguous according to a given dimension, such as time, frequency, code, or any other dimension. The frame consists of a plurality of such fixed subsegments, each subsegment containing a portion of the total number of symbols assigned to the frame. For example, in an exemplary embodiment according to the W-CDMA standard, a subsegment can be defined as a slot. In an exemplary embodiment according to the cdma2000 standard, subsegments can be defined as power control groups (PCGs).

0090In certain exemplary embodiments, interleaved symbols can be mapped in time, frequency, code, or any other dimension used for signal transmission. In addition, the frame format can also specify, for example, the inclusion of control symbols (not shown), along with the interleaved symbols of signal 1630a. Such control symbols can include, for example, power control symbols, frame format information symbols, and the like. Signal 1640a represents the output of the symbol-to-frame mapping in step 1640, as also illustrated in FIG. 16A.

0091At step 1650, the signal 1640a is modulated onto, for example, one or more carrier waveforms. In one exemplary embodiment, modulation can utilize, for example, QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), QPSK (quadrature phase-shift keying). The signal 1650a represents a modulated version of the signal 1640a, as also illustrated in FIG. 16A. The signal 1650a is further represented by the variable x in FIG. 16A.

0092At step 1660, the modulated signal 1650a is further processed, transmitted wirelessly, and received by the receiver. Step 1660 generates the received symbol 1700a, which is further displayed by the variable y in Figure 16A. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the techniques for processing signal 1650a for wireless transmission and reception are well known and are not further disclosed herein. The symbols contained in y can be further processed, as noted below.

0093FIG. 17 illustrates a timing diagram associated with a prior art forward link signaling scheme for cdma2000.

0094In FIG. 17, the base station (BS), at 1700, transmits a series of frames to the mobile station (MS) on the forward basic channel (F-FCH TX). In the exemplary embodiment shown, the sub-segments correspond to a power control group (PCG), with 16 sub-segments of the PCG (numbered 0-15) forming each frame. After transmitting all 16 PCGs corresponding to TX frame # 0 of the first frame, BS starts transmitting TX frame # 1 of the next frame. In an exemplary embodiment, the transmitted data can be processed as described herein with reference to FIGS. 16 and 16A.

0095On the MS side, the MS receives the transmitted PCG at 1710. Upon receiving the last PCG of RX frame # 0 corresponding to TX frame # 0 (ie, PCG # 15), the MS begins decoding RX frame # 0 using all received PCGs. The decrypted information is then available as a decryption time TD. In an exemplary embodiment, decoding can be performed with reference to FIG. 18, as described below. It should be noted that the PCG of TX frame # 1 is received at the same time while the MS is decoding TX frame # 0.

0096FIG. 18 illustrates a prior art method 1800 for recovering an estimated information bit b'from the received symbol y.

0097At step 1805, symbol y or 1700a is received for the entire frame.

0098In step 1810, the symbol y or 1700a is demodulated, parsed, and deinterleaved to produce the symbol y'shown as the signal 1810a. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the operations performed in step 1810a can correspond to the reverse of the operations performed at the transmitter, for example as shown in FIG.

0099Given the knowledge of rate R in step 1820, the symbol y'is decrypted and combined. In the implementation, rate R can indicate the number of bits present in the received frame, eg, to determine at what point in the received symbol sequence to end decoding, and / Alternatively, it can be used by a decoder to remove tail bits from the decoded sequence. At step 1820, the tail bits of the decoded sequence, such as those added at step 1610 of FIG. 16, can also be removed. The result of step 1820 is the output signal 1820a.

0100The FQI is checked and also removed from the information bits, as added in step 1830, eg, step 1600 in FIG. In the implementation, the result of the FQI check can identify the decryption as either successful or unsuccessful. Step 1830 produces a recovered information bit (denoted as b') with an FQI result that can indicate either success or failure.

0101At step 1840, the method proceeds to the next frame and the steps described above can be repeated for the next frame.

0102According to the present disclosure, the early frame decoding and termination techniques described below allow the overall communication system 100 to operate more efficiently and save transmit power, thereby cell capacity. To increase.

0103FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a scheme for early termination of forward link transmission for systems operating according to the cdma2000 standard. It should be noted that the exemplary embodiments are provided for illustration purposes only and does not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure to systems based on cdma2000. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the particular PCGs and frame numbers referred to herein are for illustration purposes only and do not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure.

0104In FIG. 19, the base station (BS) transmits a series of frames at 1900 to the mobile station (MS). In an exemplary embodiment, transmission can take place on a fundamental forward channel (F-FCH TX). As mentioned above, each subsegment shown in FIG. 19 can correspond to a power control group (PCG) in cdma2000. BS starts transmission at PCG # 0 of TX frame # 0, and continuously transmits PCG until the ACK signal 1945 is received from MS after PCG # 8. The ACK signal is transmitted by the MS to signal to the BS that the MS has successfully decoded the entire TX frame # 0 based on the already received PCG.

0105Upon receiving ACK1945, BS stops transmitting the PCG corresponding to TX frame # 0 and waits until the next frame, that is, the beginning of TX frame # 1, before transmitting the PCG for TX frame # 1 of the new frame. .. It should be noted that during the finite time period associated with receiving and processing the ACK signal 1945, the BS can already begin transmitting PCG # 9 in TX frame # 0.

0106Reference number 1910-1940 illustrates the timing of the action taken by the MS to generate the ACK signal 1945 transmitted to the BS, which allows the BS to terminate the TX frame transmission early.

0107In 1910, the MS receives PCGs for TX frame # 0 and TX frame # 1, respectively, as RX frame # 0 and RX frame # 1.

0108In 1920, the MS decrypts RX frame # 0 as each PCG in RX frame # 0 is received, without waiting for all 16 PCGs assigned to RX frame # 0 to be received. Try. In an exemplary embodiment, in order to achieve per-PCG basis decoding, the MS decodes per subsegment, such as 2000, as described below with reference to FIG. An algorithm (per-sub-segment decoding algorithm) can be used.

0109After receiving PCG # 7 in 1925, the MS successfully decodes RX frame # 0 as determined, for example, by checking the CRC associated with the receive bit. MS declares decryption successful and proceeds to ACK transmission 1930.

0110After declaring a successful decryption in 1925 in 1930, the MS sends an MS ACK signal 1945 to the BS during a portion of the transmission associated with PCG # 8 on the reverse link.

0111In an exemplary embodiment, the MS is during the PCG immediately following to the PCG that is determined to be successful in decoding, or in any PCG that follows the PCG that is determined to be successful in decoding. , or at any PCG subsequent to, the PCG in which a decoding success is determined), an ACK signal can simply be transmitted. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, such as that shown in FIG. 19, the timing of transmission of the ACK signal 1945 can be controlled by the ACK mask 1940. The ACK mask can operate to specify when an ACK signal can or cannot be transmitted. Providing such an ACK mask can limit the communication link capacity used by sending an acknowledgment message.

0112In FIG. 19, the ACK mask 1940 is characterized by a time interval designated as "1" while allowing ACK transmission over the reverse link. ACK transmission is not enabled during the time interval specified as "0". In an exemplary embodiment, by limiting the ACK transmission only to the time interval after the threshold PCG, the ACK mask can ensure that decoding is only attempted when a sufficient portion of the received frame has been processed. it can. According to the present disclosure, the MS may send an ACK message during the next time period designated as "1" by the ACK mask immediately preceding the successful decryption.

0113It should be noted that the specific ACK mask configuration presented herein is for illustrative purposes only and does not imply limiting the scope of the present disclosure to any of the indicated ACK masks. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that alternative ACK mask configurations can be readily provided to allow ACK transmission between subsegments or different parts of the PCG than those shown. Let's do it. Illustrative embodiments of such alternatives are considered within the scope of this disclosure.

0114In an exemplary embodiment, the PCG specified by the ACK mask pattern is an RL gate controlled pilot used to signal NR frame transmission, eg, as described herein with reference to FIG. It can overlap with the same PCG as defined by the pattern for the pattern.

0115In an exemplary embodiment, the BS TX may also include a pilot transmission (not shown) capable of switching from a continuously transmitted pilot signal to a gate controlled pilot signal upon receipt of MS ACK 1945. The gate-controlled pilot signal can be transmitted according to the gate-controlled pilot pattern.

0116FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a decoding scheme per subsegment according to the present disclosure. It should be noted that Method 2000 is shown for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular exemplary embodiment shown. ..

0117In FIG. 20, in step 2001, the subsegment index n is initialized to n = 0.

0118In step 2005, the method is the symbol y for subsegment n_nTo receive.

0119In step 2010, the method includes subsegment n of the current frame and all symbols y received up to maximum subsegment n _nDemodulate, parse, and deinterleave. y _nCan include, for example, all received traffic symbols from subsegment 0 to subsegment n inclusively. The result of step 2010 is y' _nIs displayed as.

0120In step 2020, the way is the symbol y' _nDecode and combine. Those skilled in the art generally have the symbol y' _nCorresponds to only part of the total symbol x assigned by the transmitter for the entire frame, symbol y' _nIt will be appreciated that "early" decoding of whole frames using only can still be attempted. Such early decoding attempts include, for example, redundancy and / or repetition at symbol x introduced by fractional rate coding in step 1620 of FIG. 16 and / or interleaving at step 1630 of FIG. The time or other-dimensional diversity achieved through can have a good chance of successful decoding.

0121At step 2020, the encoded tail bits are removed from the decoded bit sequence to generate the signal 2020a.

0122In step 2030, the method checks the FQI from signal 2020a and generates an FQI result 2030a from the accumulated received subsegments for the current frame up to n.

0123At step 2035, the method assesses whether the FQI results were successful. If yes, the method proceeds to step 2040, where the decryption is declared successful, and the method proceeds to ACK message generation to allow early termination of forward link transmission. .. The next available opportunity is defined by the ACK mask, for example, as described with reference to FIG. If no, the method proceeds to step 2037.

0124At step 2037, the method increments n to determine if additional subsegments to be received are left in the frame. If yes, the method returns to step 2005. If no, the method proceeds to declare in step 2060 that the decryption for the frame has failed.

0125At step 2070, the decoder proceeds to evaluate the next frame.

0126FIG. 21 shows the implementation 2100 of a prior art forward link symbol path for radio configuration 4 (RC4) according to the cdma2000 standard and an exemplary embodiment of a forward link symbol path according to the present disclosure 2110. Is illustrated. In Implementation 2100, the frame quality indicator includes the CRC lengths 6, 6, 8, or 12 added to the bits of the frame and is determined by the frame symbol rate. In an exemplary embodiment 2110 according to the present disclosure, the frame quality indicator comprises an increased CRC length of 12, 12, 12, or 12 added to the bits of the frame. The use of increased length CRC improves the performance of early decoding schemes according to the present disclosure, allowing more accurate detection of decoding success, for example for early decoding techniques according to the present disclosure. The specific CRC lengths shown herein are provided for illustration purposes only and are not meant to limit the scope of this disclosure to any particular CRC length shown.

0127As further shown in Implementation 2100, the symbol puncture rates are 1/5, 1/9, none, and none, depending on the frame symbol rate. In the exemplary embodiment 2110 according to the present disclosure, the symbol puncture rates are 1/3, 1/5, 1/25, and none, depending on the frame symbol rate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the increased puncturing in the exemplary embodiment 2110 can be used to accommodate the increased length CRC required by the exemplary embodiment 2110. You will understand that.

0128FIG. 22 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a signaling scheme 2200 used to signal an ACK message over a reverse link for early termination of forward link transmission. In Figure 22, the reverse ACKCH (R-ACKCH) 2210 is modulated over the Walsh signal W (64,16) 2212 using on / off keying (OOK) using modulator 2214. .. The relative channel gain 2216 is applied to the resulting signal and fed to the additional combiner 2218.

0129In FIG. 22, a reverse fundamental channel (R-FCH) 2220 with a rate of 1536 symbols per 20 ms is modulated on the Walsh function W (16,4) 2222 using a modulator 2224. The relative channel gain 2226 is applied to the resulting signal and the result is provided to an additional combiner 2218. The output of the additional combiner can be provided on quadrature (Q) channel 2228 for reverse link transmission to BS. In the exemplary embodiment shown, common mode (I) channels 2234 including reverse pilot channel (R-PICH) 2230 are also provided.

0130An exemplary embodiment of the reverse link ACK signaling scheme shown with reference to FIG. 22 is presented for illustration purposes only and limits the scope of the disclosure to any particular embodiment of the ACK signaling scheme. It should be noted that this does not mean that. One of ordinary skill in the art can easily derive an alternative technique for signaling an ACK over a reverse link from the point of view of the present disclosure, and it has been shown to apply different forms of modulation. You will understand that it involves sending an ACK message on a different alternative channel. Illustrative embodiments of such alternatives are considered within the scope of this disclosure.

0131FIG. 23 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of scheme 2300 for early termination of reverse link transmission for systems operating according to the cdma2000 standard. The exemplary embodiments are shown for purposes of illustration only and are not meant to limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular reverse link early termination scheme shown. Please note that. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the specific PCG and frame numbers referenced herein are for illustration purposes only.

0132In FIG. 23, the mobile station (MS) transmits a series of frames to the base station (BS) at 2300. In an exemplary embodiment, the frame can be transmitted on the reverse base channel (R-FCH TX). In FIG. 23, each of the indicated subsegments corresponds to a power control group (PCG). The MS starts transmitting TX frame # 0 at PCG # 0 and continuously transmits PCG until the ACK signal 2345 is received from BS after PCG # 8. Upon receiving ACK2345, the MS stops transmitting the PCG corresponding to TX frame # 0 in order to start transmitting the PCG corresponding to TX frame # 1, and then in the next frame, namely TX frame # 1. Wait until the beginning.

0133Reference number 2310-2340 illustrates the timing of the action taken by the BS to generate the ACK signal 2345 transmitted to the MS, which allows the MS to terminate the reverse link frame transmission early.

0134At 2310, BS receives the PCGs of TX frame # 0 and TX frame # 1, respectively, as RX frame # 0 and RX frame # 1.

0135At 2320, BS attempts to decode RX frame # 0 as each individual PCG is received, without waiting for all 16 PCGs assigned to RX frame # 0 to be received. In an exemplary embodiment, in order to achieve such decoding on a per-PCG basis, the BS per subsegment, such as 2000 described above with reference to FIG. Decoding algorithm (per-sub-segment decoding algorithm) can be used.

0136At 2325, after receiving PCG # 5, BS declares decoding successful and proceeds to ACK transmission step 2330 to generate a BS ACK TX signal.

0137At 2330, after declaring a successful decryption in step 2325, BS sends an ACK signal 2345 during the portion of the transmission associated with PCG # 8 on the forward link. The portion of the transmission to which the ACK signal 2345 is sent can be defined by the corresponding ACK mask 2340.

0138In an exemplary embodiment, the ACK mask pattern is powered on the forward link (FL) to control reverse link (RL) power transmission, as described herein with reference to FIG. Allows ACK transmission only between those PCGs to which control commands are transmitted.

0139In FIG. 23, 2350 illustrates the transmission of a reverse link pilot signal by the MS according to an exemplary embodiment of the reverse link early termination scheme. At step 2350, after the ACK signal 2345 is received by the MS from the BS on PCG # 8, the MS stops transmitting the RL pilot signal for each PCG. Rather, as shown, the RL pilot signal transmission can be gated off for the selected PCG. This can serve both to provide an additional ACK signaling mechanism for the BS and to save RL pilot signal transmission power for the remaining PCG. In an exemplary embodiment, the RL gate controlled pilot pattern for the rest of the PCG is the pattern used to signal NR frame transmission, as described herein with reference to FIG. Can be accommodated.

0140In the exemplary embodiment shown, the RL pilot signal is gated off between PCG9, PCG10, PCG13 and PCG14. In general, the RL pilot signal can be gated off by exchanging a group of two PCGs after the ACK signal has been transmitted until the end of the prematurely terminated frame. Similar to NR frame pilot gating, for example, one power control group followed by one power control group off, two power control groups followed by two power control groups off, and can operate to reduce transmit power. It should be further noted that various schemes, such as any other pattern, can be used for pilot gating of prematurely terminated frames .

0141FIG. 24 illustrates an implementation 2400 of a prior art reverse link symbol path and an exemplary embodiment 2410 of a reverse link symbol path according to the present disclosure. In implementation 2400, CRC lengths 6, 6, 8, or 12 determined by the frame symbol rate are added to the bits of the frame. In an exemplary embodiment 2410 according to the present disclosure, an increased CRC length 12, 12, 12, or 12 can be added to the bits of the frame. In the case of the forward linking process illustrated in FIG. 21, the use of increased length CRC improves the performance of the early decoding scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, eg, more accurate detection of decoding success for early decoding techniques. to enable. It should be noted that the specific CRC lengths shown herein are provided for purposes of illustration only and are not meant to limit the scope of the present disclosure to any of the specified CRC lengths shown. I want to be.

0142As further shown in Implementation 2400, the symbol puncture rates are 1/5, 1/9, none, and none, depending on the frame symbol rate. In an exemplary embodiment 2410 according to the present disclosure, the symbol puncture rates are 1/3, 1/5, 1/25 and none, depending on the frame symbol rate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the increased use of puncturing in the exemplary embodiment 2410 can adapt the increased length CRC that is also present in the exemplary embodiment 2410. Will.

0143In an exemplary embodiment, the ACK signal transmitted by the BS to the MS is by supplanting a bit having a predetermined position on the forward link traffic channel. And / or can be provided by using on-off keying (OOK) at a predetermined position to signal ACK or NAK (no acknowledgment) to the MS. In an exemplary embodiment, the pre-determined positions may differ on a per-frame basis depending on the pre-determined pseudo-random bit pattern. In an exemplary embodiment, the ACK bit is a reverse link power control bit and can be time domain multiplexed (TDM'ed).

0144It should be noted that the frame early termination embodiment described above can be applied not only to the basic channel of the cdma2000 communication link, but also to the high data rate supplemental channel. For example, in an alternative exemplary embodiment (not shown), an ACK signaling mechanism on a forward link allows early termination of transmission by one or more MSs on one or more corresponding reverse supplemental channels. , An ACK signaling mechanism on the forward link can be used.

0145For example, in an exemplary embodiment (not shown), one or more MSs can simultaneously transmit frames on the corresponding reverse supplemental channels. If the BS succeeds in receiving the reverse supplemental channel from the MS, the BS may send an ACK on the corresponding forward common acknowledgment subchannel of the forward acknowledgment channel. One subchannel of each forward common acknowledgment channel is assigned to control one reverse capture channel. In this way, forward common acknowledgment subchannels from multiple MSs can be time-multiplexed on a single forward common acknowledgment channel. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, multiple subchannels can be time-multiplexed on a single acknowledgment channel according to a predetermined pattern known to the BS and one or more MSs. Such predetermined patterns can be presented via external signaling (not shown).

0146BS can support operations on one or more forward common acknowledgment channels. In an exemplary embodiment, the subsegment or PCG from which the forward acknowledgment channel can be transmitted for the reverse complement channel can be indicated by the ACK mask as described herein.

0147In an alternative exemplary embodiment, for a system operating according to the cdma2000 standard, ACK on the reverse link to control transmission on both the forward primary channel and on one or more forward supplemental channels. A signaling mechanism can be provided. Figure 25 is used to signal an ACK message on the reverse link for early termination of the forward basic channel (F-FCH) and / or up to two forward supplement channels (F-SCH1 and F-SCH2). Illustrative embodiments of the signaling scheme 2500 to be performed are illustrated.

0148In FIG. 25, the inverse ACK channel (R-ACKCH) 2520 is modulated using binary shift keying (BPSK) on Walsh function W (64,16) 2522 using modulator 2524. In an exemplary embodiment, the R-ACKCH2520 can signal the BS to terminate transmission on the forward basic channel (F-FCH). The relative channel gain 2526 is applied to the resulting signal and fed to the additional combiner 2518.

0149In Figure 25, the second inverse ACK channel (R-ACKCH) 2510 is modulated over the Walsh function W (16,12) 2512 using binary shift keying (BPSK) using the modulator 2514. To. In an exemplary embodiment, the ACKCH2510 can signal the BS to terminate transmission on the first forward supplement channel (F-SCH1). The relative channel gain 2516 is applied to the resulting signal and fed to the additional combiner 2518.

0150As further shown in FIG. 25, both R-ACK channels can be combined with the inverse basic channel (R-FCH) onto the quadrature phase (Q) component of the RL signal. The R-FCH has a rate of 1536 symbols per 20 ms and is modulated onto the Walsh function W (16,4) 2532 using the modulator 2534. The relative channel gain 2536 is applied to the resulting signal and fed to the additional combiner 2518. The output of the additional combiner can be provided on quadrature (Q) channel 2528 for reverse link transmission to BS.

0151As further shown in FIG. 25, the third reverse ACK channel (R-ACKCH) 2550 is turned on and off on the Walsh function W (16,8) 2552 using the modulator 2554. Modulated using keying (OOK). In an exemplary embodiment, the ACKCH2550 can signal the BS to terminate transmission on the second forward supplement channel (F-SCH2). The relative channel gain 2556 is applied to the resulting signal and fed to the additional combiner 2548. The R-ACKCH2550 can be combined with the reverse pilot channel (R-PICH) 2540 using an adder 2548 to generate a homeomorphic (I) reverse link signal 2544.

0152Those skilled in the art have provided the above description of specific ACK signaling schemes for forward links for purposes of illustration only, and book on either specific ACK signaling scheme for forward and reverse channels. You will understand that it does not mean limiting the scope of disclosure.

0153FIG. 26 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of method 2600 according to the present disclosure. It should be noted that Method 2600 is shown for purposes of illustration only and does not imply limiting the scope of this disclosure to any particular method.

0154At step 2610, the voice frame is received.

0155At step 2620, the method attempts early decoding of the received voice frame. In an exemplary embodiment, early decoding is attempted before all subsegments of the frame have been received.

0156At step 2630, the method determines if the attempted voice frame decoding was successful. In an exemplary embodiment, a frame quality indicator such as CRC can be checked to determine if frame decoding was successful.

0157At step 2640, an acknowledgment signal (ACK) is transmitted to end the voice frame transmission.

0158The early termination technology of the present disclosure is readily applicable in situations where the mobile is in a "soft handoff" state, i.e. the MS communicates simultaneously with multiple BSs on forward and / or reverse links. Can be done.

0159For example, when the MS is in a soft handoff state between the two BSs, the reverse link transmission by the MS can be received on each of the two BSs, and either or both of them send the MS transmission. To stop, you can go back to the MS and send an ACK signal (not necessarily at the same time). In an exemplary embodiment, in response to receiving one or more ACK signals on the course of reverse link frame transmission, the MS may stop transmitting the current frame after receiving the beginning of the ACK signal. it can. In addition, early termination can be applied as well to control forward link transmission by the two BSs to the MS. For example, depending on the successful early decoding of frames received simultaneously from two BSs, the MS can send an ACK signal to stop transmission by both BSs on the forward link. Illustrative embodiments of such alternatives are considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

0160Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that can be referred to throughout the above description are voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, Alternatively, it can be represented by any combination of them.

0161Those skilled in the art will appreciate the various explanatory logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein, implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. You will further understand that you can. To clearly illustrate the compatibility of this hardware and software, components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps for various descriptions are generally described above in terms of their functionality. I came. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the design constraints imposed on a particular application and the entire system. Skilled craftsmen can implement the described functionality in different ways for each particular application, but decisions on such implementation will result in deviations from the scope of the invention. Should not be interpreted.

0162The logic blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays ( Implemented or executed in FPGAs), or other programmable logic circuits, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of them designed to perform the functions described herein. Can be done. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but instead, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor is also a computing device. Devices) combinations, such as DSP and microprocessor combinations, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with DSP cores, or any other such configuration. Can be done.

0163The steps of the method or algorithm described with respect to the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. Software Module, Random Access Memory (RAM), Flash Memory, Read-Only Memory, Electronic Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Registers, Hard Disks, Removable Disks, CD-ROMs, or Technologies It can exist in any other form of storage medium known in the art. The exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integrated with the processor. The processor and storage media may be resident in the ASIC. Further, the ASIC may be present in the user equipment. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium may exist as discrete components in the user terminal.

0164In one or more embodiments, the features described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, features may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one location to another, computer storage media and communication. Includes both media). The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, but not limited to, such computer readable media can be RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or in the form of instructions or data structures. It can be provided with any other medium that can be used to store or carry the desired program code in, and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, both connections are properly named computer-readable media. For example, software is a website, server, or coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line. When transmitted from line) (DSL), or other remote sources using wireless technology such as infrared, wireless, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, Alternatively, wireless technologies such as infrared, wireless, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used herein, discs and discs are compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital general purpose discs. Digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy (registered trademark) disc (disk) and Blu-ray disc (blu-ray) It contains discs), where "disks" usually reproduce data magnetically, while "discs" reproduce optically with a laser. The above combinations should also be included within the scope of computer readable media. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer readable media.

0165The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to allow any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art, and the comprehensive principles defined herein are other exemplary without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. It can be applied to embodiments. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the exemplary embodiments presented herein, and should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. is there.<u style="single">The scope of claims at the time of filing the application is described below.</u><u style="single">[C1]</u><u style="single">A method of processing information according to a plurality of rates.</u><u style="single">Receiving the current frame containing traffic information;</u><u style="single">Determining if the current frame is a critical frame type;</u><u style="single">If the current frame is determined to be a critical frame type, then processing the traffic information for transmission;</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is not a critical frame type, then determining whether the current frame is guaranteed for transmission;</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is not guaranteed for transmission, then processing the null rate for transmission, and the null rate has an information bit rate reduced relative to the traffic information. ;</u><u style="single">About transmission To transmit the result of the above process;</u><u style="single">Is equipped with</u><u style="single">Method.</u><u style="single">[C2]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C1], wherein receiving the current frame comprises receiving the current frame from a vocoder in a modem.</u><u style="single">[C3]</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is guaranteed for transmission, processing the traffic information for transmission,</u><u style="single">The method described in [C1].</u><u style="single">[C4]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C3], wherein the traffic information has a frame type selected from a group consisting of full rate, 1/2 rate, 1/4 rate, or 1/8 rate frame types.</u><u style="single">[C5]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C4], wherein the critical frame type includes full rate, 1/2 rate, 1/4 rate, and critical 1/8 rate frame types.</u><u style="single">[C6]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C3], wherein processing for said transmission comprises formatting data to be transmitted using a physical layer frame format.</u><u style="single">[C7]</u><u style="single">Determining whether the current frame is guaranteed for transmission comprises determining whether the quantity (FrameNumber + FrameOffset) modN is equal to zero, where FrameNumber is the sequence number for the current frame. Yes, FrameOffset is an offset, N is a non-blanking interval, the method described in [C3].</u><u style="single">[C8]</u><u style="single">The method of [C3], wherein processing the null rate for said transmission comprises using a gate-controlled pilot pattern to reduce the pilot signal transmission rate.</u><u style="single">[C9]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C8], wherein each frame comprises a plurality of sub-segments, and the gate-controlled pilot pattern provides transmission for every other sub-segment of the frame.</u><u style="single">[C10]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C9], wherein each frame consists of a plurality of subsegments, the gate controlled pilot pattern does not provide transmission between two groups of consecutive subsegments.</u><u style="single">[C11]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C8], further comprising transmitting the power control indicator only in the subsegments specified for transmission according to the gate-controlled pilot pattern.</u><u style="single">[C12]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C3], wherein the null rate has a traffic bit rate of 0 bps.</u><u style="single">[C13]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C3], wherein the null rate includes data associated with the null rate, and the data has a traffic bit rate greater than 0 bps.</u><u style="single">[C14]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C1], wherein the null rate indicator is processed for transmission if the current frame is determined to be guaranteed for transmission, and the null rate indicator has a non-zero information bit rate. ..</u><u style="single">[C15]</u><u style="single">The method according to [C14], wherein the data associated with the null rate comprises a previously transmitted frame having a bit rate of 1.8 kps.</u><u style="single">[C16]</u><u style="single">A method for controlling the power of transmission over a wireless channel,</u><u style="single">Receiving the current frame and still formatting the frame into multiple subsegments;</u><u style="single">Processing the received frame according to the physical layer protocol, and yet processing the received frame, comprises determining whether the received frame was received correctly;</u><u style="single">Determining if the current received frame is a null rate frame;</u><u style="single">If the currently received frame is determined to be a null rate frame, then the external loop power control algorithm should not be updated as a result of whether the currently received frame was received correctly;</u><u style="single">How to have.</u><u style="single">[C17]</u><u style="single">A device that processes information according to a plurality of rates.</u><u style="single">To receive the current frame containing traffic information,</u><u style="single">To determine if the current frame is a critical frame type,</u><u style="single">If the current frame is determined to be of critical frame type, the traffic information should be processed for transmission.</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is not a critical frame type, then to determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission.</u><u style="single">The null rate has an information bit rate reduced compared to the traffic information so that the null rate is processed for transmission if it is determined that the current frame is not guaranteed for transmission. ,</u><u style="single">Configured systematic blanking module;</u><u style="single">The device comprises</u><u style="single">Transmitting Transmitters configured to transmit the results of the processing,</u><u style="single">Is further equipped,</u><u style="single">apparatus.</u><u style="single">[C18]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C17], wherein the device comprises a modem, the modem being configured to receive the current frame from a vocoder.</u><u style="single">[C19]</u><u style="single">The smart blanking module</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is guaranteed for transmission, then the traffic information should be processed for transmission.</u><u style="single">Further configured, the device according to [C17].</u><u style="single">[C20]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C19], wherein the traffic information has a frame type selected from a group consisting of full rate, 1/2 rate, 1/4 rate, or 1/8 rate frame types.</u><u style="single">[C21]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C20], wherein the critical frame type comprises a full rate, 1/2 rate, 1/4 rate, and critical 1/8 rate frame type.</u><u style="single">[C22]</u><u style="single">The smart blanking module is configured to determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission by determining if the quantity (FrameNumber + FrameOffset) modN is equal to zero. , The apparatus according to [C20], wherein is a sequence number for the current frame, FrameOffset is an offset, and N is a non-blanking interval.</u><u style="single">[C23]</u><u style="single">The device is configured to process the null rate for transmission by using a gate-controlled pilot pattern to reduce the pilot signal transmission rate of the transmitter, according to [C21]. apparatus.</u><u style="single">[C24]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C23], wherein each frame comprises a plurality of subsegments, wherein the gate-controlled pilot pattern provides transmission for every other subsegment of the frame.</u><u style="single">[C25]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C24], wherein each frame consists of a plurality of subsegments, the gate-controlled pilot pattern does not provide transmission between two groups of continuous subsegments.</u><u style="single">[C26]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C23], wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a power control indicator only in a subsegment designated for transmission according to the gate controlled pilot pattern.</u><u style="single">[C27]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C18], wherein the null rate has a traffic bit rate of 0 bps.</u><u style="single">[C28]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C18], wherein the null rate includes data associated with the null rate, the data having a traffic bit rate greater than 0 bps.</u><u style="single">[C29]</u><u style="single">The smart blanking module is further configured to handle a null rate indicator for transmission if the current frame is determined to be guaranteed for transmission. The device according to [C17], which has a non-zero information bit rate.</u><u style="single">[C30]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C28], wherein the data associated with the null rate comprises a previously transmitted frame having a bit rate of 1.8 kps.</u><u style="single">[C31]</u><u style="single">A device for power control of transmission on a wireless channel, said device.</u><u style="single">A receiver configured to receive the current frame, and the frame is formatted into multiple subsegments;</u><u style="single">To process the received frame according to the physical layer protocol,</u><u style="single">To determine if the received frame was received correctly,</u><u style="single">To determine if the currently received frame is a null rate frame,</u><u style="single">If the currently received frame is determined to be a null rate frame, the external loop power control algorithm should not be updated as a result of whether the currently received frame was received correctly.</u><u style="single">With configured processors;</u><u style="single">Equipment equipped with.</u><u style="single">[C32]</u><u style="single">A device for processing information according to a plurality of rates.</u><u style="single">A systematic blanking tool for processing the current frame that contains traffic information for transmission,</u><u style="single">Transmission A transmitter configured to transmit the result of the process and</u><u style="single">The device is equipped with.</u><u style="single">[C33]</u><u style="single">The device according to [C32], wherein the device comprises means for transmitting a pilot signal using a gate-controlled pilot pattern.</u><u style="single">[C34]</u><u style="single">A computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions for causing a computer to process information according to a plurality of rates.</u><u style="single">With instructions to receive the current frame containing traffic information;</u><u style="single">With instructions to determine if the current frame is a critical frame type;</u><u style="single">If the current frame is determined to be a critical frame type, then with an instruction to process the traffic information for transmission;</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is not a critical frame type, then with an instruction to determine if the current frame is guaranteed for transmission;</u><u style="single">If it is determined that the current frame is not guaranteed for transmission, an instruction to process the null rate for transmission, and the null rate is the information bit rate reduced compared to the traffic information. Have;</u><u style="single">A computer-readable storage medium that further stores.</u><u style="single">[C35]</u><u style="single">A computer-readable storage medium according to [C34], further storing instructions for causing the computer to process the traffic information for transmission, if it is determined that the current frame is guaranteed for transmission. ..</u>