Automatic chemical testing apparatus

Descriptive memory

<td></td><td>V;</td>

<td>to request</td><td>INVENTING PATENT</td>

or name of

JOHN JOSEPH MORAN · ♦ · *

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♦ · · • _ · · ♦ · »• · · for 20 'years • ** ·« »éBSffi85L / US citizen with address at 10907 Walwick Brive, Houston, Texas, United States of America.

by. «A CHEMICAL TESTING DEVICE” (International GOln Class)

-0.XII.68

I? 10

10.X1I.68

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Background and foundations of the invention

The present invention relates to improvements in an automated chemical testing apparatus, which gives an automation of routine chemistry procedures to give them greater uniformity, greater efficiency, ·· '•

precision and all this with a unit cost less than ') - * that can be obtained with manual operation, at the same time · - ***

•. ♦ time giving discretionary selectivity of trials *

to run on each sample. The present apparatus can * automate in general the majority of laboratory tests that can be carried out in a single reaction or test tube, by means of automatic and selective collection .d * e) 'the5 test samples and distribution of the appropriate quantities • ♦ · «given to the programmed test tube, application of the necessary reagents in the appropriate position, heating of the desired tubes at the appropriate temperatures, Optical analysis of the results of the chemical tests, and the emptying and drying of the tubes in preparation for the following tests.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention tends to various improvements in an automated chemical testing apparatus, in which a conveyor is arranged to carry and cyclically return a plurality of rows of test tubes from one position to another and in which a command panel or program control to select all or any combination of various tests with each sample, tests that run automatically, how the results are automatically recorded and the components are returned for continuous work.

One of the improvements to the presefcráY ^^^ ato consists of a closed-loop or closed-loop conveyor that includes a plurality of essentially rigid slats placed transversely, and each splint includes openings to firmly support a row of test bosses on the one hand intermediate between its ends from the conveyor, so that the mouths or ends · *

. \ open tubes extend upwards by eifcigie ♦

from the upper or upper section of the conveyor and the lower closed ends of the tubes extend »below the upper part of the loop, with 1&gt; which chemical tests can be carried out on the reaction tubes. * · Upper part of the loop as they are oriented'p'.o • · ♦ ♦ moving from one to the other of the various positions, then the tubes are inverted and emptied of their contents as the conveyor is rotated , so that the tubes will be turned upside down for cleaning.

Another object of the present invention resides in a tube heating means, located inside the loop and movable upwards to heat the bottom of at least some of said tubes placed in the upper part of the loop, and movable downwards. to let the conveyor rotate; and means for drying tubes to dry the tubes and movable in the sense of moving away from them to let the conveyor rotate; as well as a mechanical articulated link system that automatically synchronizes the orientation movement or advances of the conveyor with the raising and lowering of the tube heating means and with the retraction and exit of the tube drying means; and that also include means

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0003.tif" />

which are applied to the conveyor to let it carry out its forward movement only at a predetermined distance; and means of retention or blocking in cooperation with the conveyor, to block it in position between mo • ♦ ♦ feedings. · «· •

Another object of the present invention resides in * * improved means for distributing samples at 1W '

. \ tubes, means including a rotating sample table · «

which holds the test samples, a collection and distribution conduit connected to a pipe filled with water. AOp a cylinder and piston assembly connected to the pipeline * * ·· to suction a sample from the table of suction »•« · after and supply or distribute portions of the sample ^ * a ♦ · «· the programmed tubes , with a threaded thyme that activates a whole to control exactly the quantity of sample collected or distributed; said means also including an air separation piston and cylinder for creating air separation interfacial aonas in the pipe in order to reduce any effect of dilution or contamination of the distributed samples; and which also include cleaning means for passing a purge means through the conduit and the pipe in order to reduce the possibility of contamination between test samples.

Another feature of the present invention resides in the provision of calibrated means for injecting reagents into the test tubes, means that include a cylinder and plunger placed between two check valves (unidirectional) which in turn include ground or ground glass valves in flat to give a positive seal, inert towards the reagents; and in the quo

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the outlet pipes of the distribution means direct the reagents at an angle to the axis of the test tubes to create a convenient mixing action between the reagent and the contents of the tubes; and in which * * * · there are drive means connected with clearance to the plunger in a transverse direction, to avoid misalignment_z ·· * · · of the plunger in the cylinder.

A further object of the present invention resides * e¿ · * ♦ ♦ ♦ optical reading means, in which there are a plurality of cuvettes provided with elongated passages, which can be lowered to the test tubes to aspirate

....

content of these and take it inside the cube '± ás «;

· * · · · In which the optical reading sequentially explores the ... cuvettes and test results are properly recorded; and in which the aspiration is provided by a cylinder and plunger so that the cuvettes are drained after the analyzes and are also cleaned by a sudden irruption of air that leaves a very low surface factor of waste and reduces drag or accumulation of waste at negligible chemical levels, providing a sinuous passage in the cuvette to prevent samples from leaving the cuvettes by aspiration.

Another feature of the invention is the provision of an optical reading system in which a phosphate glass lens is used to reduce the admissibility of heat from the light source preventing it from adversely affecting the reading results, and there is a filter placed between the cuvette and the light measuring device in order to separate the filter from the light source and reduce the adverse effect of heat on the filter.

A further feature of the present invention was set forth in the forecast of a calculator-based control system, to give discretionary and selective control of the tests to be performed on each * - '• ♦ · sample, system which includes a control panel and selects / h programmed to have a tube activation switch to selectively program chemical tests ·· »*.

·, · Perform with each sample; and in which the d ^ -. * calculator eludes a first contact box electrically connected to the control panel and a second contactp box. with forward movement or orientation with respect to the primfe ^ · - · φ · * contact box in synchronism with the transportadbty.

* «♦ electrically connected and controlling the means of disdiscrimination&gt; • ·« taxation of samples, reagent injection media and reading media as the second frame is advanced with respect to the first and the activation switches of the first panel are electrically connected to the second panel; and which also includes a reagent selection chart provided with a plurality of position receptacles corresponding to each possible position for injecting reagents into the tubes, and electrical connections to selectively connect each of the position receptacles to the injection media of Reagents desired.

Brief description of the attached drawings

- Figure 1 is a general perspective view of a preferred apparatus of the present invention;

- figure 2 is a front elevation in skeleton of the apparatus of fig. one;

- Figure 3 is a rear elevation in skeleton 3 of the apparatus of Figure 1;

- Figure 4 shows an elevation view of an example of a plurality of reaction or test tubes, and ilds • »* I ♦ showing the positions corresponding to the entry point | Q_r[ction of samples, reaction stations, heating positions * and reading stations, indicating the possible types of tests that can be carried out;

- Figure 5 is a schematic elevation of the carrier transfer of the present apparatus carrying the test tubes, and also indicates possible washing and drying stations or tubes;

- Figure 6 is an electrical scheme that includes the power supply to the various components of the device;

- Figure 6a is a view of the circuit breaker box;

- Figure 7 is a fragmentary elevation view, partially in section, illustrating the component elements for collecting and distributing samples, of the present invention;

- Figure 8 is a view taken along the line

8-8 of fig. 7;

- figure 9 is a view taken on line 9-9 of fig. 7;

- figure 10 is a view on line 10-10 of fig. 9;

- figure 11 is a view on line 11-11 of fig. 9;

- Figure 12 is a schematic perspective illustrating the operation of the carriage and the pick-up arm of the car, represented in a distribution position;

- figure 13 is a view similar to fig.

12, and illustrates the car and its arm in a recovery position ...

sample size;

'·

- Figure 14 is a schematic and pfct view, partially in straight section, illustrating the * with hydraulic distribution and sample collection assembly'f *;

♦ · ·

- Figure 15 is a view along the line 15-1 ^ · •

of fig. 14; .....

- Figure 16 is a schematic view which, j * ins * «··tra the operation and control of the collection set • · · da and distribution of the present apparatus; .

• · ·

- Figure 17 is a fragmentary elevation of the endless conveyor assembly that supports and transports the test tubes;

<td></td><td>- the figure</td><td>18 is a view</td><td>down the line</td><td> 18-18</td>

<td>from</td><td>fig. 17;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>- the figure</td><td>19 is a view</td><td>down the line</td><td> 19-19</td>

<td>from</td><td>fig. 17;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>- the figure</td><td>20 is a view</td><td>down the line</td><td> 20-20</td>

<td>from</td><td>fig. 19;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>- the figure</td><td colspan="3">21 is a system perspective -</td>

activation articulation that activates the endless conveyor, the heating baths and the tube drying means of the present apparatus;

- Figure 22 is an elevation view, partially in straight section, of the articulated activation system used to orient the conveyor, raise and lower the heating baths and remove and retract the means

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dryers of ... tubes, the elements of culate being seen in their first and second positions;

- figure 23 is a view similar to fig.

• «

22, which represents the articulated link elements in₍^ their fourth and fifth positions;

- Figure 24 is an elevation view, fragmentary and enlarged, with parts in straight section, which illustrates · ^, '♦ *.

the operation of the advancing nail or orientation qu ^ '^ e applies to the conveyor sprocket, in its first and second positions; * ....

- Figure 25 is a view similar to figure 24, which illustrates the position of the advancing nail in its third, fifth and sixth positions;

- Figure 26 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective $, with parts in section, of the advancing nail of lap figs. 24 and 25;

- Figure 27 is an enlarged elevation view of a part of the conveyor, illustrating construction details;

- Figure 28 is a fragmentary and enlarged perspective illustrating a method of fixing the test tubes to the conveyor slats;

- Figure 29 is a fragmentary straight sectional view of the conveyor of the present apparatus, illustrating the position of the heating baths with respect to the test tubes;

- Figure 30 is a view on line 30-30, fig. 29;

- Figure 31 is a schematic view of the water supply connections to the heating baths

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- 9 10

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by water;,

- Figure 32 is an enlarged elevational view, in straight section, of a part of the conveyor, which represents the • tube and clamp washing assemblies; .

♦

- Figure 33 shows a perspective view of the * · electric tube heating assembly of the apparatus;

- Figure 34 is a schematic view of the control system of the final wash assembly;

- Figure 35 is a fragmentary and amplified view in elevation, with parts in straight section, illustrating * eerchematically the connections of the distributor assembly d 'e reagents; »* ♦ · *

- Figure 36 is an enlarged view in alzj &amp; dtf, in straight section, illustrating the lower part of one.- of the reagent dosing assemblies;

- Figure 37 is an enlarged elevational view, in straight section, of the upper part of the dispensing and dispensing assembly of reagents of fig. 36;

- Figure 38 is a fragmentary and enlarged perspective of the connection of the supports for the outlet pipe of the reagent distributor assembly, in a position located above the reagent tubes;

- Figure 39 is a fragmentary and enlarged view in elevation, in straight section, illustrating the position of the outlet pipe of a reagent dispensing assembly, relative to a test tube;

- Figure 40 is an enlarged elevational view of the reading assembly;

- figure 41 is a view on line 41-41 of fig. 40;

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- 10 &lt;s

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- figure 42 is a view on line 42-42 of fig. 40;

- figure 43 is a view on line 43-43 of fig. 42, in the position of aspirating the contents of * '• · «the tubes and pass it to the cuvettes; · ..

- Figure 44 is a framgnetary elevation and aiabl-iia do, in a straight section, of the cylinder and piston assembly · to fill and eject the reading cuvettes from the übtfs ♦ · · test; ·) *

- Figure 45 is a view similar to the Sig.,

43, and illustrates the movement of the cylinder with respect to paraο to empty the cuvettes; / ·; ·, ♦ «*

- figure 46 is a view similar to fig »

44, and illustrates the relationship of the cylinder and the drain port with respect to the plunger, to empty the cuvettes;

<td></td><td></td><td>- the</td><td>figure</td><td> 47</td><td>it is</td><td>a</td><td>view</td><td>by</td><td>the</td><td>line</td><td> 47-47</td>

<td>from</td><td>the</td><td>fig. 40;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td>- the</td><td>figure</td><td> 48</td><td>it is</td><td>a</td><td>view</td><td>by</td><td>the</td><td>line</td><td> 48-48</td>

<td>from</td><td>the</td><td>fig. 47;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td>- the</td><td>figure</td><td> 49</td><td>it is</td><td>a</td><td>view</td><td>by</td><td>the</td><td>line</td><td> 49-49</td>

<td>from</td><td>the</td><td>fig. 47;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td>- the</td><td>figure</td><td> 50</td><td>it is</td><td>a</td><td>view</td><td>by</td><td>the</td><td>line</td><td> 50-50</td>

<td>from</td><td>the</td><td>fig. 47;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td>- the</td><td>figure</td><td> 51</td><td>it is</td><td>a</td><td>view</td><td>by</td><td>the</td><td>line</td><td> 51-51</td>

<td>from</td><td>the</td><td>fig. 47;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td>- the</td><td>figure</td><td> 52</td><td>it is</td><td>a</td><td colspan="5">awake perspective -</td>

sorting of the covers covering the exciter lamp in the photocell reading block assembly;

- Figure 53 is an electrical and mechanical scheme of the reading system;

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- Figure 54 is a mechanical and elementary diagram of the mechanical operation of the test set; ^:

- Figure 55 is a mechanical and electrical diagram of the optical reading system of the present apparatus; “• '^l • · ·»

- Figure 56 is a fragmentary and enlarged elevation, with parts in straight section, illustrating the bidirectional clutch assembly * · used in this apanattí;

- figure 57 is a view on line 57-5 ^ 'ίο of fig. 56; ♦).

- figure 58 is a view on line 58-J&gt; 8 ae fig. 56; ·; *, * ». ·

- Figure 59 is a view on line 59-59 ·, • &lt;♦ in Figure · 58; / ...

- Figure 60 is a fragmentary view of the control panel by program of the present apparatus;

- Figure 61 is a fragmentary and broad view of the control panel by program, illustrating the activation switches and indicator lamps;

Figure 62 is a section on line 62-62 of Fig. 61;

- Figure 63 is an electrical schematic of the control system of the present invention;

.- Figure 64 is a fragmentary and enlarged perspective, or oh. parts in section, illustrating the mechanical structure of the calculator of the present apparatus;

- Figure 65 is a straight sectional view of the mobile and fixed tables of the calculator of the present invention, and illustrates how to start with respect to each other;

- Figure 66 is a straight section view am10.XII.68

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pleated, taken along line 66-66 of fig. 65; Y

- Figure 67 is an electrical diagram of the synchronism circuit of the present apparatus.

Description of preferred embodiments

Referring now to the drawings, and in '^TO· Particular to figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, in general the number 20 is the automatic chemical test apparatus, or multiple analysis apparatus in dysfunctional sequence, of the present invention; which includes in ge'rferal: (1) a conveyor in loop or endless belt «22».

• V '»* 4 carrying a plurality of rows of open containers» from above, or test tubes 24, in which the various • A · separate longitudinal rows 26 indicate different chemicals that can be executed , while each separate transverse row 28 is intended to receive a single individual sample in which the various tests can be carried out as the conveyor 22 advances or steers successively, carrying the test tubes 24 and passing them through different positions in which various stages of the chemical test are executed; (2) a distributor set 30 of samples, which may include a rotary feed table 32 for holding the test specimens, and a collecting and dispensing apparatus 34 for collecting from the feed table 32 the amount of sample needed and supplying or distribute each sample in a single transverse row 28 of tubes 24, in the necessary quantities and for the programmed tests; (3) a reagent dispenser assembly 36, which may include a plurality of reagent containers 38, connected to dispensing units 40 dosed, which are connected.10 XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0010.tif" />

you give in turn to exits placed in enclosure of the test tubes 24- in the position or convenient position of the trans.

carrier 22, to distribute reagents in the appropriate sequence and in the appropriate position, in the tests that are_t

A are running; (4) 42 heating means suitable; * *

located to heat the test tubes 24 in the convenient ports as the tubes * i are advanced?

· »« Along the conveyor 22 according to the needs^,..^&lt;

A of the chemical tests that are being carried out; (5) a reading or test set 44 to analyze the results of the chemical tests that cleaning means are being carried out to clean the tubes 24 after.-? concluded the tests in a transversal row 28 part'í.dQlar; (7) tube drying means, to dry the tubes in preparation for new use and return to the test cycle; and (8) suitable control means for selectively controlling the successive multiple analysis and the synchronization of the aforementioned components.

By way of example, the apparatus 20 will be described in its application to a multiple number of tests to be performed in blood serum, even though, of course, the apparatus preseji can be used for a variety of successive and discretionary multiple chemical analyzes that can be executed in a single reaction or test tube. For example only, and with reference to figs. 4 and 5, there is a plurality of ten longitudinal rows 26 of sixty tubes 24 each, supported and oriented with forward movement by means of the conveyor 22. As will be written in more detail below, a sample will be distributed among one or more of the ten single tubes

1O.XII.68

- 14 transverse row 28, and as the transverse row 28 advances, it will be placed in the various positions or positions of reaction or test where the conve * * are executed.

You have chemical operations for the different tests

executed in longitudinal individual rows 26, '&lt;* · *

operations such as heating, mixing and adding reagents to perform the desired chemical analysis; as ** as it relates, for illustrative purposes only, in the .. · fig. 4 and in relation to the individual longitudinal rows 26; after which the horizontal rows l «le». They will take the reading post, which will analyze and record measured values. After reading, how best can *!

♦ · · see in fig. 5, the tubes 24 are inverted, emptied *. · »« ♦♦ of their contents and passed through one or more washing stations and at least one drying station, from where they are returned to the introduction post of samples, for a new cycle.

With reference now to figs. 7 to 16, the sample distributor assembly 30 includes a collection and distribution apparatus 34 which performs the function of moving towards the rotary advance table 32 and collecting a sample to be tested, transferring it to one of the transverse rows 23 of test tubes 24 and injecting a measured quantity of the sample into each of the tubes 24 of said row, according to the test schedule. The orientation or advancement rotary table 32 is best seen in figs. 7, 8, and 16, and includes a plurality of test tube containers 46 that can be introduced into a plurality of openings 48 evenly distributed in a circle by the advance table 32. Under the advance table 32 a β can be placed

· '* Ίο water cooling jacket 50 (figs. 7, 8 and 9) equipped with an inlet 52 and an outlet 54 to give a temperature controlled environment for the samples contained in ** í the containers 46, in order to that are not adversely afee «

tadas for the temperature and in particular for the heat generated

V · »'&lt;

Raised by the components of the apparatus 20. An engine 56 for advancing the rotary table moves the table 32 by means of '* * * · a speed reducer 58 at periodic intervals, pars »· • 4 to advance the vessels by increments 46 samples individually to a collection position, in »·».

_z n * * response to a control system that will be described as follows in detail. . . ♦ ·

The collection and distribution device 34 inj ^ íU ^ e

WC «« a collection and distribution duct, such as a needle 62, carried by a carriage 64 which in turn can move and be supported on a carriage arm 66, which in turn is supported by a rotational movement in volume to one of its ends (figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 16), so that the collection or distribution duct or needle 62 can be carried over the sample container 46 in the feed table 32 to the collection position, as best seen in fig. 7, broken line silhouette, to collect a sample to be tested; after which the arm 66 of the carriage is returned to the position shown with full line in fig. 7, above a transverse row 28 of tubes 24, to inject into the individual tubes 24 portions of the sample, in which the programmed tests are to be carried out.

As can be seen in the best way in figs. 7,

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9, 12, 13 and 16, there is a pneumatic plunger assembly and ci16 ύ *

<img file="ES358685A1_D0011.tif" />

cylinder 68 connected to an arm 70, which in turn ^ O? ^ í

connected to the arm 66 of the carriage to rotate the arm 66 and therefore to carry the carriage 64 outwardly above '♦ * «· -I the rotary advance table 32; and after collecting a ... sample retracting arm 66 back to a position * -4¡i · located on a transverse row- 28 of test tubes * 24, The air supply for activation and retraction ** * «Of the pneumatic assembly 68 of piston and cylinder and, for ten ·»

- ♦ to, of the arm 66 of the car, is carried out by means of an air passage valve 71 (fig. 16). ·· «·» · »* t

The longitudinal movement of the carriage 64 to the arm of the arm 66 is best seen in figs. 12, 13 7. 16, in which a carriage engine 72 drives a pulley 74 poifWr gave of an inverter clutch 76 which in turn extends (releases), retracts and controls the position of the carriage 64 along the arm 66 by means of a wafer of knob 78 that passes around idle pulleys §0, 32, 84, 86 and 38 and is fixed to block 90 of carriage 64, whereby the position of carriage 64 along arm 66 can be controlled by connection , disconnection and reversal of clutch 25

76.

A global view of the collection device and distrj. bución 43 is best seen in fig. 14, where it is seen that the apparatus includes a cup 81, 85 of waste and washing (figs. 9, 11, 7, 14 and 16), which has an outlet 83 for discarding the excess of sample fluid, having an unj. washing cup 85 provided with an inlet 87 of water or other means of washing or cleaning, which overflows from the washing cup 85 passing to the waste 81 and leaving exit 83. As can be best seen by figs. 7 and 9,

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0012.tif" />

the waste and wash cup 81 is located in line with a transverse row 28 of tubes, at the int.ernp end of the arm 66. As, according to the program tests · ♦ * &lt;

two, a single sample will be taken from the feed table · or

in order to distribute it in the tubes 24 of a single row you bring v &lt;s versal, after which the excess of sample 32 is distributed, having to take a new sample of 1¾m to 32 to distribute it in a transverse row 28 of ful It is important that there is no contamination or unwanted mixing of one sample with another, and is it also? * · That the distribution of a single sample by them, «4 different tubes of a transverse row are made in the Wsl · ·« &lt;* more conditions, to avoid in the samples distributed in the various tubes, variations such as those that could be produced by dilution. Thus, it is preferred, as seen best in fig. 10, enable a pipe 89 connected to the collection or distribution duct or needle 62 that forms part of the collection and distribution apparatus 34 and generally consists of a closed water system, such as the one composed of water 91, followed by an area of infernal or separating air 92, a second interfacial zone 94 comprising a part of the sample to be tested, a second interfacial air zone 96 followed by an aliquot of additional sample, and then the main sample 98 to distribute or supply. By way of example, assuming that each of the tests to be carried out requires a sample amount of 0.1 ce, the sample 94 may be 0.1 cc and the main sample 98 may have a volume equal to the number of tests to be programmed multiplied by 0.1 cc, plus an additional amount of 0.2 cc. Well while

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610

<img file="ES358685A1_D0013.tif" />

After the interfacial air zones 92 and 96, it performs the function of preventing the mixing between the water 91 and the main sample 98, the additional sample 94 and the additional aliquot part of the sample collected from the feed table 32 an- ”* ♦ · * After distributing the samples in the tubes 24 they will wash the. * '•

inside the pipe 89 with the same type of material a) supply or distribute, thereby reducing any tendency of the previously washed tube 89 to produce, for example, a dilution effect on the main sample 98. - »» *

In order to have the desired sample collection, 3, test and distribute in tubes 24, the re ^ q * - *, · * »apparatus. , 1 »gida and distribution 34, as best seen in fig. 14 / * and * »or_r ♦ includes a cylinder and piston assembly 100 for pick-up. «And {i ♦ ·

* F * * * * distribution of samples, a water wash cylinder and plunger assembly 102, a piston and cylinder assembly 104 for raising and lowering needles, and a piston and air cylinder assembly 106 for creating air zones interfacial in the pipe 89.

As illustrated in fig. 14, the needle 62 is in the low position, to which it has been carried by the plunger and cylinder assembly 104. When the needle 62 is low, the water wash piston and cylinder assembly 102 is activated from one side to the other by means of the washing motor 108 and through a rotating arm 110, to aspirate water into the needle 62 and in the pipe 89 and expelling it from them in order to clean the pipe 89 and the needle 62 as the water inlet 87 passes water to the wash cup 85 and leaves the drain 83. After washing the needle 62 and the pipe 89 the washing motor 108 stops, the piston and cylinder assembly 104 1O.XII.68 is activated.

<img file="ES358685A1_D0014.tif" />

to raise the needle 62, and the collection and distribution apparatus 34 is then arranged to move to the collection position of specimens or samples, above the feed table 32. Upon reaching the collection position '* (figs 7 and 13), the piston assembly 104 and ci&gt; », ♦ * are activated

- «a cylinder to make the needle go down, dragging with it ** 'the piston 107 in the cylinder 106' and producing the suction '-» ^ · ** ♦ tion of an interfacial air zone 92 (figure 10) in _t -V pipe 89 and into the sample container 46 which * has been brought to the collection position by table 32.¼. The assembly 100 sucks a sample 94 into the 1 &amp; pipe 89 by rotating a spindle 116, by means of the motor 112, which moves the cylinder 118 in relation. &amp;! *&gt;

Or t.

* * * * piston 117. The piston and cylinder assembly 104 is reactivated to raise the needle 62. The assembly 100 and the assembly 104 are activated to lower the needle 62 and aspirate another interfacial part of air 96 into the pipe 89 · The suction and distribution motor 112, which operates through the inverter clutch 114, rotates the spindle 116 and, therefore, moves the cylinder 118 of the piston and suction and distribution cylinder assembly 100, aspirating the programmed amount of test specimen or test sample 98 aL inside the needle 62 and the pipe 89. When the programmed sample quantity is collected, taking it from a sample container 46, the engine 112 is stopped, the piston and cylinder assembly 104 is activated by raising the needle 62, the gear of the motor 112 is reversed and, therefore, that of the spindle 116, retracting the cylinder 118 to return a segment of the sample 98 to the cup or sample container 46 to be sure that the rate of distribution of the sample in the tubes 24 will be the same in all 10,211.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0015.tif" />

Λ • · £ them. The arm 66 of the carriage * is retracted above the transverse row 28 of test tubes 24, and the control system puts the carriage 64 into action until the needle 62 is placed on top of the first test tube 24 which has been programmed to perform the test. The inverter clutch 114 · is activated and a measured amount of wrist is supplied to the reaction tube 24. The clutch is deactivated · * - ·&gt; '*.

^1! inverter 114, and carriage 64 then moves past tube 24 next to the transverse row, programmed to »perform a test; clutch inv is activated again ^_{r&gt; &lt;} sor 114 and a measured sample size is supplied to that test tube 24. B1 caiífd distribution process · ». * Measures of sample fluid in each of the "test tables 1" * * - # ·· »of a cross-section 24 are continued until all the programmed test tubes have received their sample. Once the last programmed test has received your sample, the carriage 64 moves to the waste cup 81, to which it supplies the additional sample aliquot, the needle 62 is lowered and the cycle of the washed.

With reference now to fig. 16, the sequence of operation and control of the collection and distribution apparatus 34 is illustrated therein. From the control system, which will be studied in greater detail below, the information concerning the exemplary tests and, therefore, relative to which longitudinal rows 26 of tubes 24 the sample to be tested will be distributed. Upon receipt of control signals 115 for sample selection, the air valve 71 is activated which, in turn, activates the joint · 10.ΧΙΙ.68

- 21 --

<img file="ES358685A1_D0016.tif" />

Pneumatic piston and cylinder 68 to rotate the arm 66 of the carriage towards the sample table 32, at the same time sending a signal to the carriage control 119 and to the aspiration time regulator 121 and activating *

I.

v * r car engine 72 by means of its clutch 76 and pulley.

* until moving carriage 64 towards sample table 32; *

The clutch 76 of the car engine is reversed, and the car is' · » _z * J above the pickup position of table 32, ab- '

T _z *, tiv and ose the air valve 120 which in turn activates the piston and cylinder assembly 104 to lower the needle% ^ ar »« to put it in the sample container 46 of the table 32. then having obtained the part interfacial air shows 94 and the interfacial air part 96, the engine,

112 Aspiration and distribution is activated and collects the amount of sample propounded; the engine 112 of the distributor is then inverted, and the air valve 120 is deactivated, allowing the cylinder assembly 104 to raise the needle 62. A segment is returned or distributed again to the cup or test tube container , and arm 66 is returned above test tubes 24. If the suction time regulator 121 starts a distribution time regulator 122, when the carriage 64 stops on top of a programmed test tube 24. The distribution clutch 114 is activated and supplied. bring a measured sample to tube 24-; appropriate. The clutch 76 of the carriage is put into action, and the carriage 64 moves past the next test tube of the program, to which it supplies another sample. This distribution process continues until all the programmed test tubes have received your sample. Then, car 64 goes to the

10.xII.68

- 22 oopa 81 of waste and washing. In. This instant starts the wash control 108 ,. and the needle 62 and the pipe 89 are washed and filled with clean water, in preparation for the next cycle.

Λ

With reference now to figs. 17 to 28 include '- *

Tsive, the form of construction, work and operation in a preferred form of the endless loop or belt conveyor 22 is illustrated therein. Preferably, the conveyor 22 comprises a plurality of rigid speakers individual 123, each of which **_γ t -J holds a cross-sectional stack 28 of test tubes 24, \ 5gt¡fo »τ» of the slats 123 fixed at each end to a cad, e .- * 5 na 124 by tedium of screws 126 (fig. 27 ), and the limbs in turn supported by sprockets 128, 130, 132 and 134 supported on short shafts or stumps 136 and 138, respectively. Rigid slats 123 are advantageous because, although they allow the conveyor to rotate around the wheels, they firmly hold the tubes in fixed positions.

With reference now to fig. 28, the method of accurately introducing and aligning the tubes 24 in the individual slats 123 before ie connecting the latter to the chains 124. is illustrated in the best way. Das slats 123 have a plurality of openings 140 of the appropriate size for receiving the tubes. 24, and are placed on a support 142 having a base 144, the tubes 24 being introduced into the holes 140. There are some holes 146 practj. fallen on the slats 123 and extending to the openings 140. In the holes 146 a pin 148 ie retention is inserted, applied against an elastic protector 150 that protects the tubes 24, confers the breakage when pin 148 is fixed. Thus, the tubes 24 are all caught in identical vertical positions with respect to the slats 123 and are firmly secured so that they do not run or slide then with respect to the slats 123 nor are they misaligned &amp; fc.

The conveyor 22 moves, or o'atfáxfea • «· ·· periodically at a predetermined distance, such as .Jjg corresponding to a transverse row of tubes, taking the tubes 24 from one position or position to the next do. So that the appropriate chemical tests or operations "· · can be carried out with the programmed samples and in the position, he lied to me and appropriate sequence. Therefore, ♦ ♦ · adequate means to periodically move forward enter. . * · Carrier 22 at a preset distance. Now, · σοώο · '*. **.

some of the other functions to be performed in the tufces "'24 requires close cooperation with the tubes, these functions may require synchronism with the movement of the conveyor 22. For example, during the chemical testing process that is being carried out in the tubes 24, heat may be needed, and the preferred embodiment provides heating means 42 that may include one or more baths or heating elements, to meet the requirements of chemical analysis heating. In addition, suitable drying means 152 are provided, which may include a plurality of individual electric heaters 154 connected to the mount 186 of drying heaters for introduction into the tubes 24, for drying after washing. As these components, during operation, cooperate with the tubes 24 in such a way as to prevent the advance movement or orientation of the conveyor 22, these component elements are synchronized

1O.XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0017.tif" />

with the movement of the conveyor 22 to move tubes 24 and take them from one position to another.

Thus, with reference to figs. 19 to 26 inclusive, a pneumatic cylinder and piston actuator assembly 156 is provided to supply the motp ^ / force to retract the heating means 42 and the means d £ 's% ca • · · * do 152 of the pipes , advance the conveyor 22 by a certain magnitude 'and extend or remove Ips · heating means 42 and drying means 152.0.6. ^ 103: ·. · Tubes to their functional position. With reference to figs.

♦ ♦ · to 23 inclusive, there is a structure 158 to support a heating bath, a structure that includes and ♦ · ♦ general supports 160, 162, 164 and 166 connect *! Osfeírfcre · ♦ ♦ · yes by means of connecting rods or articulation elements L6-8 / 17 · * * * * and 172 and supported on axes 174 and 176.

To connecting rods 182 and 184 are connected respectively other connecting rods 178, 130 activators of the drying means, and those in turn are connected to the mount 186 of the drying heater. The connecting rods 178 and 180 are connected by means of pins 175 to the connecting rod 177 which extends and retracts the mount 186 from the drying heater. Connecting rod 177 is connected with motion lost by means of pin 179 to lever activated ra 204, and actuated by it.

There is a stop lobe or shoulder protrusion 188 connected to an arm 190 which is in turn connected to the shaft 176, so that the stop 188 can free the chain drive 132 from the chain, allowing the movement of the conveyor 22, and can reapply to chain sprocket 132 to hold conveyor 22

0 = ΣΙΙ.68

- 25 10

<img file="ES358685A1_D0018.tif" />

locked in position after advancing the carrier.

There is also a drive pin 192 connected to the pneumatic cylinder and piston assembly 156 to transmit the energy it receives from said assembly • · · r »

156. An arm 194 provides support for the pin, 192 · • ·

There is a drive lever 196 connected to the axle 136 which connects »* · ta to the sprockets 128 and 13 0 providing the orientation or forward movement of the conveyor 22 when moving

·.. ·.

lever 196 in a levogyro direction (left). I also saw a lost movement arm 198 connected between the drive pin 192 and the drive lever • · *

196, an arm that includes a notch 200 that, when retracted, · · · · * is applied to a pin 202 of the lever 196, so that in the driving stroke the lever 196 turn left £ * and has * · ♦ In this way, advance to the conveyor 22. However, before the conveyor 22 can be advanced, in the preferred embodiment, it is necessary to retract the heating baths and the mount 186 from the drying heater, removing them from the 24 tubes so as not to hinder your movement. There is also a lost movement lever 204, provided with a lost movement slot 206, connected to the axis 174 and receiving the drive pin 192 in the slot 206. Thus, the lever 204 will not move with the drive pin 192 to that the latter be applied to one end or the other of the lost movement slot 206. However, the lost movement of the groove 206 is smaller than that of the arm 198, so that, in the retraction stroke of the assembly 156, the pin 192 is applied to the rear end 207 of the groove 206, retracting the bra30

Ιφ.ΧΙΙ.68

- 26 10

<img file="ES358685A1_D0019.tif" />

O® zo 204 and rotating the axis 174, and also retracting »» - the arm 177 »The rotation of the axis 174 to the right (in the dextrogyral direction) lowers the supports 160-166 of the heating bath, and thus the heating baths move away from the tubes 24. The retraction of the arm 177 mu • •• 44 sees the cranks 178-184 and retracts the mount 186 of the CQlepta • 4 dor from drying, removing it from the pipes 24. * “* • · ·

In the driving race of set 156, the pin •

192 and Islanoa 198 move lever 196, advancing

? '· Thus to conveyor 22. Now, the drive pin 192 moves in the lost movement slot 206 so that the supports 160-166 of the v &amp; lefac / ♦ * * cion baths and the drying heating elements 154 no §ej &amp; ovez Λ · * * · run to the vicinity of the tubes until after the conveyor has advanced, at which point pl'pa4 · «· actuator 192 will be applied to the front or front end 209 of the lost movement slot 206 until the activating lever 204 is moved in a levographic direction by turning axis 174 and thus raising the supports 160 -166 fie the heating baths, and pushing the connecting rod 177 so as to output the individual drying heaters 154 to a row of tubes 24.

While, naturally, the movement of the drive carriage of the piston and cylinder assembly 156 transmitted by means of the pin 192, the arm 198 and acting by means of the driving lever 196, can be used to control the travel limit of the conveyor 22 , a more positive application nail 208 may be provided, sustain! it gives rotation on the shaft 106, so that it is applied to the teeth of the chain wheel 134.

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- 27n 10

<img file="ES358685A1_D0020.tif" />

The nail 208 can rotate around a passage or210 in the arm 212, in turn fixedly secured to the axis 176. In the waiting position (first position), the nail 208 is kept out of application contact with the teeth of the chain wheel 134 by means of a spring 214 interposed between the nail 208 and the arm 212, making

- · · that the nail 208 encounters a stopper pin 216 located on the arm 212. On the other hand, when the actuating cylinder 156 retracts, thus lowering the heating baths and retracting the drying heaters, the axis 176 rotates ♦ · · Bringing the end of the nail 208 to its application contact with the teeth of the chain wheel 134 (fig *. * '.

. · · Rotation of axle 176, by continuing to turn, causes the (end of the nail to be fully applied to the teeth · * · * · of the wheel (fig. 25, third position) of transmission ^ pp / By chain When the drive cylinder 156 moves in the driving stroke and the conveyor 22 advances, the chain toothed wheel 134 will rotate the nail to the fifth position, as best seen in fig. 25, and at this time the nail 208 will stumble upon the stopper pin 215 placed on the arm 212 and will thus prevent the wheel from turning 134 from continuing to rotate, and the conveyor 22 will continue to advance.

The if

With reference now to fig. 23, the stopping of the rotation of the sprockets and the transport or 22, due to the blockage caused by the nail 208, causes the lost movement arm 198 to be released from the drive lever 196, when the notch 200 moves away from the pin 202 , as a result of its rounded rear edge 201, and return to the first position (fig. 22).

10.XII.68

KQ U '

<img file="ES358685A1_D0021.tif" />

After stopping the conveyor 22 and thus oriented in a new position, the continuation of the movement of the driving stroke of the pneumatic drive assembly 156 causes the drive pin 192, which by then has moved along the groove 206 of lost movement, it is applied to the end 209 of this stage * · · • ♦ · * nura 206 and move the lost movement lever 204 by rotating the .axis 174 and causing the bath supports 160-166 to rise of heating, passing, lop * · '*. · Bathrooms to cooperate in contact with the tubes 24 that hSy, 'in • »» the new position to which it has advanced. The movement of the lever 204 simultaneously produces that of the bracing'177 and the connecting rods 178 and 180, which in turn move the biels-'l82 and 184 carrying the block of drying heaters, would leave; 15 the new row of tubes 24 which is in the separate position. These are the individual heaters 154 are introduced into the tubes, executing the drying function. The rotation of the shaft 176 also rotates the arm 190 and the top stop 188 by placing them in cooperative contact with the teeth of the wheel 132, thus keeping the conveyor 22 blunt. Also, the rotation of the shaft 176 , when moving the connecting rod 178, as seen - better in fig. 2 'removes the locking nail 208 from the fifth position leading it to the sixth, that is to the first first waiting position (fig. 24).

Although the shape of the heating means 42 designed to heat the test tubes 24 to the temperatures necessary to carry out the chemical analysis will, of course, depend on the chemical tests that are carried out, in figs. 29, 30, 31, 33 and 34 an appropriate way is illustrated

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0022.tif" />

to satisfy the heating needs of the related tests according to the programming in fig.

Four. Thus, a heating tray 217 is provided that supports a PBI electric heater (iodine bound with proteins) to obtain an aprcKima temperature • · · «gives 230 ° C at positions 4 to 8 inclusive of the row, longitudinal in which the PBI test is carried out (Jig. 4); a water bath 220 for an environment of temperature dg, ^ sc;

and a water bath 222 to create an environment of 80SC · d'e • \ · temperature, the heater tray 217 is supported by the support structure 158 of heating baths * '·. · * * (Fig. 21), applied to sliding on axes 174 * and • ♦ ♦ t · - * · *

176 by means of sliding guides 224 and 226, and in qon. application contact, with rise and fall, on the supports ♦. · *

160-166 as before. ""

With reference now to fig. 33, the PBI heater 218 may be an electric heater having a plurality of openings 228 to surround the test tubes 24 when the heater 218 is raised, and includes suitable electrical connections 230 to supply the electrical energy necessary for heating .

The water in baths 220 and 222 is circulated by means of pumps 246 and 248 respectively, through appropriate heaters 242 and 244, located in tanks 243 and 245, respectively. Thanks to adequate heating control means, the temperature in baths 220 and 222 is regulated. Water is supplied to baths &amp; 220 and 222 by means of a pipe 232, and branches ·· ie pipe 234 and 236, under the control of valves 238 and 240, respectively. Excess water in bathrooms 220

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0023.tif" />

<img file="ES358685A1_D0024.tif" />

and 222 flows to overflows 250 and 252, respectively, and drains into a sump 254 having an outlet 256 through which the drainage water is discarded.

With reference to fig * 5, as indicated above, as the conveyor advances, and the chemical analysis is completed, tubes 24 are inverted, emptying * * of * their contents, and then washed in preparation. return to the cycle. With reference now to fig .. 32, are 25S, 260 and 262 washing tubes provided? of atomizing nozzles 264, 266 and 268 respectively, to direct an atomized cleaning water projection, in various positions, into the tubes 24 and enchina • · * of the slats 123, in order to wash and clean the tubes and the transporter. The contents of the tubes 24'and * the. · · ♦ · spray water are received in a drain sump 254 for disposal.

With reference now to fig. 34, a master time regulator 272 is provided as part of the control circuit that will be described in more detail below, which, after the tests have been programmed, controls the rotary advance table 32, as well as the control air valve 274 which in turn regulates the pneumatic cylinder and piston assembly 156 that moves the conveyor 22. Once the last programmed test is finished, the master time controller 272 is deactivated, which at that time activates the final wash time regulator 276, which will continue to advance and put the drive assembly 156 on the hobby to advance the conveyor 22 d¿ For a predetermined number of cycles, to be sure that the tubes 24 are washed and cleaned in full

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0025.tif" />

dad

With reference now to figs. 35 to 39, the reagent distribution or supply assembly 36 in which the various reagents necessary for the different chemical tests are arranged in reagent containers 38 ', ”and • · · * are best represented are extracted from them by means of 40 calibrated distribution units, and. supplied or distributed to the · ♦ * · · test tubes 24 in the positions or in appropriate dwarf positions and in the appropriate cantflades to perform the convenient programmed tests. Preferably, the heated distribution units 40 include a glass cylinder · '♦ *

278, in which there is a Teflon piston 280 for ext'Y ^ er • * ζ of the container 38 connected a measured amount of fe'acti .....

vo and insert it into the cylinder by means of a first check valve 282, and supply the measured amount of reagent, through a second check valve 284, to a tube 24. It is convenient that the components of the distributor assembly 36 of reagents be made of glass, Teflon or other inert material that resists prolonged use with the chemical reagents used. The check valve 282 is connected by means of a fluid passage 286 to one of the reagent vessels 38, and generally includes a compartment 288 having a valve seat 290 of polished glass, in communication with the passage 286, and a valve element 292 of glass, preferably cylindrical. A second passage of fluid 294 leads from the compartment 288 into the interior of the cylinder 278, to aspirate reagent from a container 38 and put it into the cylinder 278, in the suction stroke of the piston 280. At the outlet edge of the compartment 32 1Ο .ΧΙΙ.68 · »· χ« «« '

<img file="ES358685A1_D0026.tif" />

288 is provided a passage or bypass notch 296, of a length greater than the width of the element 292, to ensure that the passage 294 remains open in the suction stroke of the piston 280, so that it can the reagent is aspirated through passage 286 ,. Xthrough compartment 288 and inside the passage * .294

». . · And of cylinder 278. On the other hand, when piston 280, q3É in the distribution or supply stroke, valve element.0 ♦ · · ♦ * 292 is obliged to make contact with eg agier • ·. .

Λ * * * to made of polyurethane glass 290, with a positive seal • ♦ tive to prevent any reagent return through passage 286 to container 38; forcing it through the .coh • · · to go out through a passage 298 and go through the «► ♦ * · retention valve 284 until it reaches a test tube 24: The. · ...

The structure of the check valve 284 is similar to that of the check valve 282. Thus, a measured amount of fluid flows through the first check valve 282 through the first check valve 282, while the second valve Hold 284 is closed. In the piston distribution stroke 280, the first check valve 282 is closed and the second check valve 284 is opened, allowing the passage of the fluid to be distributed, via the fluid passage 298, to a reaction tube 24.

The Teflon piston 280 includes first and second tabs 300 and 302, which maintain a tight seal with the glass cylinder 278. The collar 303 serves to · align the piston 280 with its rod 304 in the cylinder 278. As best it is seen in fig. 37, there is a slot 3C6 in T arranged at the end of the rod 304 of the plunger pg

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0027.tif" />

For connection to an activator assembly, slot QuerWíía '' ^ 'intended to receive a 308 T head (fig. 36). The groove 306 in T, therefore, provides a loose fitting connection with the head 308 in T transverse direction, so that in the event that the head 308 in T is not well "'·" · * aligned with the piston rod 304, there will be in the * o®ne * &lt;

• i · * xion a sufficient transversal play for the émbo / Lo '· · »

280 remain aligned axially in the cylinder «» «· · ·

278, and do not grasp the cylinder 278 or break the glass cylinder 278 because of poor alignment, when the piston is moved inside it with a reciprocating motion. ⁴

With reference now to fig. 3rd, the source. · ♦ supply of motive power to move the '* émoolo ·· · «

280 in the cylinder 278 in order to distribute the reagent / can be a pneumatic cylinder and plunger assembly / $ 10 in which an air inlet 312 directs air to one of the sides of a piston 314 to move the rod 316 and therefore , the T head 308 connected to the piston rod 304. A spring 318 is provided that acts between a stop 32C and the piston 314, to move the piston 314 in the suction site. An outlet orifice 322 is also provided to limit the speed or expense of air outlet in the suction stroke, in order to limit the suction speed for the calibrated distributor unit 40, so as not to have an adverse effect on the reagent, or damage the unit. An electrically operated valve 324 is also provided for the activation of the distributor unit 40 by air intake to the lower side of the 314 environment. The distance traveled by the rod 316 and therefore the piston 280 (fig. 37) in the distribution stroke c

10.XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0028.tif" />

The supply can be adjusted by means of a sleeve 328 blocked by a nut 330 in an adjusted position to limit the amount of fluid drawn into the cylinder 278 and supplied therefrom. Thus, by means of a suitable fitting of the sleeve 328, the stroke of the piston 280 can be regulated with you and, therefore, the cgyft'Idad • · - * of measured reagent * * ♦ · ♦

With reference now to fig. 35, there is an outlet pipe 332 connected to each of the units, available: ·. · 'Calibrated reagent tributaries 40, to receive the measured amount of reagent and supply it to a test tube 24. With reference to figs. 38 and 39, there is a support rod 334 of distribution pipe, held · ♦ ♦ «/ - · · * by an adjustable support 336 to position * The '· * * * · rod 334 on a cross row 28 of Vivation tubes 24. the bar 334 includes a plurality of openings 338, each of which is directed to the top of a test tube 24 located below, to support the outlet end of the distribution pipe 332. As best seen in fig. 39, it is preferred that the openings 338 form an angle with the longitudinal axis of the tubes 24, so that the incoming reagent is directed to a tube 24 forming an angle ccoi the same next to the top of the curved bottom of the tube 24, creating a swirling action when the reagent is supplied or distributed to the tube, which gives the mixture sufficient agitation so that the reagent is intimately mixed with the sample contained in the tube, thereby eliminating the need to stir or shake the mixture in addition, to ensure the desired chemical reaction. Naturally, along the top of the rows brought

10.ΧΙΙ.68

- The test tubes 24 are provided with a plurality of said support bars 334, according to the number and positions in which the reagents are to be supplied, which depends on the chemical tests that are being carried out by means of the apparatus . .

As indicated in figs. 4 and 5, after *. . · Distributed the sample to the tubes 24, added the reagents ♦ ♦ ♦ tives in the appropriate positions during the test, and also.

• · ♦ · · when heated, the tubes are advanced ppr pncx ♦ ·. .

Orientations to a reading post, in which ♦ 4 the test results are analyzed, by means of a reader set 24 such as an optical reader.

. · · • · ♦

With reference now to figs. 40 to 55, 'se⁴ re ·· * «presents in detail the reading set Ai, · * · · · and in particular in figs. 40 to 42, in which * .s * e. · disposes a plurality of cuvettes 340, preferably optically matched, one for each of the dinal longitudinal rows 26, located above the reaction or test tubes 24 at the post of reading, and aligned transversely and supported by a mobile support or reading block 342, supported in turn by guides 344 each end and which is connected to a piston rod 346 (figs. 40 and 42) connected to a pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly 348 in order to raise and lower the reading block 342 to lower the cuvettes 340 into the tubes 24, whereby the fluid contained in the tubes 24 can be aspirated inside the cuvettes, optically analyzed and again allowed to drain into the tubes 24; after which the piston and cylinder assembly 348; raises the reading support block 342 out of the tubes 24

10.XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0029.tif" />

so that the conveyor 22 can be advanced, and taken to the reading post and analyzed another set of tubes 24.

After the pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly 348 lowers © 1 support or reading block • ♦ · · #

342, and inserted into tubes 24 the ends inferred ♦ '♦

TO . «· Res of cuvettes 340, which preferably include μη * · ♦» elongated passage 341, activates a pneumatic assembly Se ♦ z ·· · / · plunger and cylinder 349 filling and ejection actuator (figs. 41, 43, 45 and 54), connected by means of the piston rod 352 to a movable rod 350 held at ca * d * end by sliding rods 354 and 356. the activation báWá 350 is connected to a plurality of d &amp; ^ éjaibo »* * ♦ the syringes 358 individually arranged, one for each cuvette 340, slidable in a cylinder 360 and with dná * -those 362 connecting each cylinder 360 to a of cuvettes 340. Thus, when the piston and cylinder assembly 349 of filling and ejection in the suction stroke is activated, the activation bars and all the piston rods 352 retract, dragging all the pistons 358 back and creating an aspiration in the pipes 362 and in each one of the cuvettes 340 until the liquid from the tubes 24 passes to the cuvettes. Between the passage 341 and the body of the cuvettes 340, a sinuous passage 343 is provided, in order to slow the passage of fluid into the chamber β to prevent the aspiration of fluid into the pipe 362.

With reference now to fig. 44, it should be noted that when the plunger 358 of the syringe retracts in the syringe barrel 360, the seal of the plunger does not pass to the other side of a drain port 364 made in the cylinder wall.

10.XII.68 ilÜ Üli

<img file="ES358685A1_D0030.tif" />

While the pistons 358 as a whole go; connected to the activation bar 350, all syringe cylinders 360 are connected to a drain bar 366, connected to a piston rod 368 which in turn is connected to a set of piston and drain cylinder 370 „Xa ♦ ♦ * t.» drain bar 366 is supported by rods of »* so1«⁴ · * * 'Carry 372 mobiles, with sliding movement in them.

♦

After the optical reading of the liquids * * J liquids contained in cuvettes 340 is completed, the eohuun is activated «

Λ Λ * * * * 'to pneumatic plunger and cylinder to raise the reading block 342 by removing it from the test tubes and bringing it to its original position, illustrated in figs. $ 4. # 41.

»* * ·

It is then desired to drain or drain the cuvettes 34.0., '' By emptying them of the liquid you contain, and for this purpose the pneumatic piston and drain cylinder assembly 370 is put into action, as best illustrated in fig. 45, whereby the drain bar 366 moves away from the syringe plungers 358 and, therefore, the syringe cylinders 360 move in such a way that the air port 364 passes to the other side of the plunger 358. air 364 moves, as best indicated in fig. 46, passing on the other side of the piston 358 to the indicated position with an interrupted line and thus allowing air to enter the syringe barrel 360, which cancels or discharges the aspiration in the pipes 362 and allows the liquid contained in the cuvettes 340 drain back to test tubes 24.

In order to drain or empty the cuvettes even more

340, the pneumatic piston and cylinder 349 filling and ejection assembly is activated to move the rod

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<img file="ES358685A1_D0031.tif" />

activation 350 and thus push back the plungers' 3! Jb7 ~ v'td seeing them put inside the syringe cylinders 350, and giving an impulse with air through the pipes 362 and the cuvettes 340 when passing the plunger 358 in front of the air port 364, to contribute to a greater emptying or drainage of the tubes of - reading 340. In addition, another air jet can be provided to further deplete the &amp; ** cuvettes when the pneumatic piston and drain cylinder assembly 370 is activated to return the drain bar * * * 4

366 to its primitive position, thereby causing Jds, · 15 syringe cylinders 360 to move towards the piston d'e'yjeringa 358, creating an additional air jet. ♦ · ♦♦ ·

As best seen in fig. 54, a * re is expected; * * v · reading time guide 374 connected to the val villas · ♦ of air 376, 378 and 380, respectively, to activate / 20 properly and reverse the pneumatic piston and cylinder assemblies 348, 349 and cl drainage 370 by successively lowering the cuvettes 340 until they are placed in the test tubes 24, aspirating the sample into the cuvettes 340 and, after reading, by raising the reading cuvettes 340, emptying them of f3ido and expelling the rest of the fluid contained in them by means of jets of air, so that the set of reading remains in conditions for the following cycle.

As stated above, it is preferable to carry out the reading tests optically, and in fig. 55 one of these systems is schematically illustrated, in which there is a light source, such as an exciter lamp 377, that directs the light through a lens 379, through a test tube or sample embedded in a cube10 .XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0032.tif" />

ta 340, through a filter 381 and a light measuring means, such as a photovoltaic cell 382; while the value of the light intensity, measured by the photoelectric cell 382 and which is measured in turn of the property being tested, is transmitted by an electrical control circuit9..3, 84 calibration, to a device “d, e * · * ♦ * reading such as a recording device 386. The physical structure of the reading block 342 can be seen from the best modc • 14 4-4 in figs. 47 to 52 inclusive, in which the lamp; · »* · 'Exciter 377 provides a light source of supply»&gt; 4' through lens 379, which is preferably glass

4 «· 4 4 phosphate, which performs not only the function of colima and · · ^— tion, or to direct the light rays prbb-é ·· * rtr 4 * in front of the lamps 377, but also to absorb 'heat, preventing the heat of the lamps from affecting the' optical sample of the sample . Chromed reflectors 388 are also provided behind the exciter lamp 377, to direct the light through the lenses 379 and through a window 39θ through the reading cuvette 340, which preferably includes a window 392, the rest being of the amber colored bucket to suppress parasitic light. After the light is passed through the sample contained in the cuvettes 340, the light passes through the filter 381 which suppresses the unwanted light and lets the photocell pass only to the light spectrum being measured. It is preferable that the filter 381 be placed between the cuvette 340 and the photocell 382, ​​to prevent the heat from the lamp 377 from adversely affecting the filter 38I.

Now, as said before, it is also coji.

15.

It is convenient to control the thermal environment in which it is used? Read the essays, and as the exciter lamps 377 radiate a large amount of heat, the reading block, as indicated in figs. 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51, includes some water passages 393 to be able to pass through it water intended to cool block 342. In addition, in order to enable additional cooling for the exciter lamps 377, the reading block 342 may »· ♦ · · include air chamber partitions 394 and 396 (figs.

A. · and 52), each of which includes a plurality '»? «Of vents 398 to let heat escape from 'lamps 377. Now, vents 398 of member • i. · *

F * »

394 are misaligned or deviated from the repsif ♦ * * tracks 398 of member 396, thus allowing the escape of heat, · 9 * «, but reducing the possibility of admission of. Au'z parasite in the lamp compartment.

With reference now to fig. 53, an electrical scheme of the reading system is seen therein, which includes parts of the control systems of figs. 54 and 55. As will be described in detail below, there is a program button panel 399 in which the various tests to be carried out by means of the apparatus are programmed, the information being transmitted to a calculator 400. An operating trigger button 402 is pressed to start the main time controller 272 which controls the various functions in synchronism. At the appropriate point in the duty cycle, the reading time regulator 374 (fig. 54) puts the pneumatic cylinders 348 of the reading block into action, to place the cuvettes 340 in the test tubes 24. Das

1O.XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0033.tif" />

test samples are then aspirated and introduced into the reading tubes 340 by means of the pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly 349. During the reading cycle, each of the exciter lamps 377 directs a beam of light through a cuvette 340 until a photocell 382 »10 for each longitudinal row of tubes 24. Each lamp * eácir r * · »* tadora 377 has a lamp fault relay 404, connects • · t do to an alarm system 406 that gives an acoustic signal in the event that one of the exciter lamps ^ 377 fails.

• · * *« ·

Then switch 410 is activated? * * time recorder of the recorder, beginning its sequential exploration and going through each one of the "tests programmed by the device through the connection. Reduces the output of each photocell to the pen inscribed 'Λ ***** ra of recorder 386, signal being set, while / .s3. Registration paper advances, the signal being recorded on the paper in such a way as to indicate the concentration of the unknown in the solution under analysis. During the scanning process, the lamps 458 «indicative of the test being recorded are lit, the counters 459 receive pulses and count each test in sequence in sequence, and the reset of the programmed relays 461 occurs. Just before the end of the scan cycle, a pulse is sent to the reading time regulator 374 so that it can complete its final phase of the reading tube, the controls of fig. 54 to empty the cuvettes 340 by removing the sample ^ tested, and remove them from the tubes 24 in preparation for the next cycle.

In addition, a plurality of circuits 10.XII.68 are provided.

<img file="ES358685A1_D0034.tif" />

electrical control and calibration 384, each one connected to a photocell 382. As part of each electrical control circuit 384, a "control" potentiometer 3θ5 and a reference potentiometer 387 can be arranged to control and calibrate the output of each «fo * ♦ '· +9 tocicle 382 according to a known sample that -e ^ s» * is testing. Used together, these two powers »* * tros 385 and 387 make it possible for the information to be transmitted» go ♦ ·· to a reading device such as a recorder. • 4 ♦ ♦. *

386 read directly in the measured units desdadSs, r

in spite of any individual difference in cuvettes, photocells, filters, etc. *****,. .

With reference to figs. 14 and 15, there is a »clutch ··» * ♦ gue 114 connected to the motor 112 so that it gives a two-way driving force in two directions for the device / $^scollect and distribute 34. With reference now to figs. 56 to 59 a more detailed description of the structure and operation of clutch 114 can be better appreciated. 21 clutch 114 is to have a two-way transmission between the drive or drive shaft 422 and the driven shaft 420. In a conventional type clutch, the driven shaft 420 is connected in the housing 421 to a cam member 424 having cam surfaces 426 intended to be applied to bearings 428 of the clutch and has. make sure that these are applied to a housing enclosure. 430 of the driven member, connected to the driving shaft 422 »Now, this usual clutch will only work in a single direction of rotation of the drive shaft 422, meaning determined by the springs of direction 432 connected between the driven envelope 421 and the organ XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0035.tif" />

cam 424. Envelope 421 provides a forward pin 442 or forward orientation.

A reversing nail is added to the usual clutch

434 with spring load, mounted on pin rotation

440 on the envelope 43θ and forced to go »» n &amp; rigid against a stop pin 436 and an inner pin *. * · * ·

438.

When the driving shaft 422 is rotated to · · «· ·· left (levógiro direction 423), the shaft or axis cond ^ ciíjo í» ♦ ·

420 It rotates in the usual way, as the springs contract and apply to the inner bearings 428 of the clutch until they reach an external stop means, such as a solenoid switch 444 with an activation lever 446 * $ xe, when activated to your site, stops the axis conduc id o-por _and· · «►« direct feed pin application ^ 42 ·, say the node that extends the springs 432 and releases the inner bearings 428. The drive shaft 422 continues to rotate, and the spring loaded ña 434 jumps to the other side of the past] · inverter 438 so that the driven shaft 420 is disconnected, and will only rotate when the solenoid switch 444 7 - the lever 446 releases the forward pin 442 directly.

Whenever the mptor or conductor shaft 422 is ground in the dextrogyric direction 425, © 1 © je driven 420 also starts to turn right as soon as the nail 434 trips or cooperates in contact with the inverter pin 438, thus, the clutch 114 of Two senses can be activated senely in one direction or another of the rotation of the coiji luctor axis.

With reference now to figs. 6 and 6a, re10.XII.68

- .44 10 = ΧΙΙ.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0036.tif" />

The electric power circuits and circuit breaker box have the best modes in them. BI circuit breaker table 445, which is also shown in fig.

1, has several individual circuit breakers assigned, as can be seen, by the corresponding number enclosed₄₃βηζ the circle also shown in fig. 6. Xas £ l £ pas circled indicate circuit breakers of the pul type »

Sador, who '' jump 'or show up when an overload occurs% by having an acoustic alarm in action by means of the cú |; eí..opera dor can quickly locate the fault, by * the * ins ·? 'C pection of the scorecard. Thus, an energy input is arranged in 447, which goes to a magnetic type contactor_t -J '«♦ usual 448. Circuit 1 is the power supply to the various command or control circuits, of which Wl'ra · mal 2 is an alternating current circuit at 115 volts .;

circuit 3 is a DC power supply at 48 volts, circuit 4 is supplied to a 450 air compressor (figs. two and 3) that supplies air for various machine functions, circuit 5 is for the various bath heaters 218, 242 and 244, circuit 6 goes to drying heaters 154, circuit 7 is for calcu side 400, circuit 8 goes to the endless belt conveyor 22, which circuit 9 is for the sample distributor set 30, the circuit 10 goes to the tube washing and general washing valves, circuit 11 is for the drain time regulator and the drain motor (not represented), circuit 12 is for reagent distribution solenoids 324, circuit 13 goes to reading equipment 44 and photocells 382, circuit 14 to recorder 386 and circuit 15 is the power supply eL

- 45 of

<img file="ES358685A1_D0037.tif" />

Continuous at 12 volts for 404 relays of lamp failures and for exciter lamps 377.

Pushbutton panel 399 (fig. 1) is best seen in figs. 60 to 62 inclusive, and includes a plurality of vertical rows 452 of indicator lights and pushbuttons, each row being answered with a cross row 28 'Cte "tu ·· •' 9 * i * bos 24; and assuming that there are ten longitudinal rows 26 sixty tubes, each vertical row 452 of pushbuttons in4 »·· 4« '· will illuminate ten push buttons, one for each row, qqe to t -é.

3rd presses indicate that the test is scheduled, in * £ sa &lt;· 1 'ila longitudinal, for a particular sample in particular. In addition to the ten individual program buttons ·. -?

Discretionary selected, each row includes a bó'bott 45 ^ designated P, which indicates that with this sample has been (Je.e ^ eqJ 4 9 # •; uar a profile of all the ten trials, ^ .j ^ blu There is also a release button 456 (R) for disengaging or releasing all of the buttons pressed in said particular row 452, in case of an error or in the case where it is possible to modify or change the programmed tests. In addition, numbering lights 460 are provided, and indicator lights 458 to indicate the status of the tests in said particular row 452, the panel pushbuttons 399 are connected to a fixed section or stationary frame 462 of the jig cat 400. The. panel 399, in the indicated example, has sixty buttons in the horizontal rows, whereby sixty samples can be programmed for the various tests programmed in the apparatus.

The calculator 400 looks better in figs. 64 to 6fe inclusive, and includes a sweep section 464 connected to a spindle control 466, which in turn is connected to a

0.XII.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0038.tif" />

Sweep frame clutch 468 driven by a 470 engine to control the relative position of the movable section · 464 relative to a fixed section 462. Bl scan motor 470 activates and advances the scan frame 464 in synchronism with respect to the advance of the conveyor i / 2, so that the information entered in the program &amp; Sdor 399 is properly transmitted to the appropriate function controls, whereby the Sweep box transmits the M * * «g or the information, for example, about the tests to '· &lt;1 i» *._F carry out, the reading to activate (which also depends on def in * r-&gt;

to be carried out), the quantity of sample material that the collection and distribution apparatus 34 has to collect 'which also depends on the number of tests to be carried out on each sample), and supplies the appropriate reagents, whatever.⁵· »Also depends on the tests that have been programmedÍ.Q \., To: example, stationary panel 462 corresponds and is electrically connected to panol 399. That is, the table

462 will include ten rows of sixty terminals or pins

463 connected to corresponding pushbuttons of panel 399. Now, the scan frame 464 will need m number of pin terminals 465 corresponding to the number of test tube positions on the conveyor (twenty in the given example) in which they can be programmed and execute discretionary functions. Thus, as the scan frame 464 moves ahead of the stationary frame 462, its pins or pins 465, which preferably have a spring load, as illustrated in fig. 66, move against terminals 463 and collect the programmed information, transmitting it to the various systems that run the different stages of tests XII.68 south «&gt; s

<img file="ES358685A1_D0039.tif" />

b '4 chemicals in the twenty stations or workstations ^ (fig. 4). As the sample being tested runs twenty possible jobs on the conveyor belt 22, from the sample supply to the sample reading, the scan frame 464 sends signals, to the various systems, that it is leaving to perform a function in ^ ro, * * «&lt;· certain cycle in particular. As previously indicated, the information sent from the scan box_F * · '· * »» Eludes data about: if more samples have been programmed;

^rta r '* * &lt;

in which longitudinal rows are going to be distributed or susninis, Λ * ^v bring samples; which reagents are to be added in a given position; and they operate some indicator lights in the '* óü &amp; v' dro of program 399 to indicate what the current samples are, what tests are going to be read and when the reading function is going to be effected. In this way, the calculator 400 will repeat the machine cycle until it detects or discovers that there is no more programming. At this time, the sweep frame 464 will return to the zero position, the main time regulator 272 will stop running and the apparatus will be placed under the control of the final wash time regulator 276, studied in relation to fig. 3. 4.

Now, in addition to the sixty rows of contacts 463, as the apparatus 20 is a continuous cyclic work apparatus and since the frames are physically constructed in a linear fashion, the stationary frame 462 will include another twenty rows of contacts 463 electrically dotted with the twenty first rows of contacts of stationary frame 462, whereby the linear panel can function as a rotary switch; even though, naturally, a rotating frame can be used instead of the - 48 10

10. XII. 68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0040.tif" />

Tables 462 and 464, collecting the information programmed in the first twenty rows of buttons 463 as the sweep box 464 passes through the first contacts. During operation, the first position of the sweep box 464 will advance from the zero position to the post-eighty position of the stationary frame; Next, the inverter 416 of the sweep box enters into action, making vol

Λ - * »“ see this one at the twenty-first position on the ♦ or 9 stationary table, and will continue to move you between the eighty-eighth and the twenty-first position until 1 ^&gt; * ** programming ceases. The sweep frame 464 will then return to the zero position. B1 reagent selection table 113

I «&gt;

«Or is illustrated in fig. 64, · where interconnection cable bridges are provided to activate the various reagent soWidi „e des 324 in the appropriate position of the conveyor. In addition, the sweep box transmits information to the read time regulator, to control the reading and recording functions. The reagent selection table 113 includes rows 119 of receptacles connected to the electric solenoids 324, and for the tests being programmed in the apparatus of Fig. 2, sixteen reagents and solenoids are needed, so that sixteen are needed receptacles in rows 119 ^ In addition, as seventeen possible tube positions are provided for each test, in which reagents can be distributed, the reagent selection table 113 ineluces seventeen rows 121a of ten receptacles, in connection with the reagent distribution pins in the scan box 464. Accordingly, in order to organize and adjust the apparatus, several jumper cables 125 are connected. , of which no

00X11.68

<img file="ES358685A1_D0041.tif" />

the whole is represented, from the receptacles ^ of 'reagent solenoid of rows 119a to the appropriate post of reagent, of reagent of rows 121a, so that when the sweep box 464 arrives at that point in position, the appropriate ration solenoid for • supplying that reagent to the appropriate test tube 24 * * · *

With reference again to fig. 6, pushbuttons 472, 474 and 402 are arranged to start and stop the apparatus 20. IF button 472 is stop or. disconnection, to stop the device in its entirety. M 'ljotok • · ·

474 it is waiting, and it is activated before activating the “start-up” 402 hdton. 21 standby button 474, after activation, activates the magnetic contactor 448, which is the minister power to circuits 1 to 15 and leave the lowered • • • • • * * ready to operate, so that the simple activation • ♦ ♦ of the operating button 402 activates the main time regulator 272, which sets in turn the automatic chemical analysis.

With reference now to fig. 63, a functional or batch electrical scheme of the functional trolleys of the present invention is shown therein. As previously indicated, the desired tests to be carried out are programmed in table 399 of program buttons, thus obtaining discretionary control over the chemical tests to be performed with each sample. Thus: the samples have also been classified in the sample 32, in the sample containers 46, and the wait button 474 (fig. 6) is activated to bring the various heating baths to their proper temperature . Activation of the start-up or operation button 402 - 50 5

4.·

<img file="ES358685A1_D0042.tif" />

(fig.6) £&gt; one in action the main time controller 272, which transmits a signal to the programmed frame 399, and to the calculator that includes the stationary frame 462 and the movable scan frame 464.

From the scan frame 464, information is sent to the sample selection control 115, for its * to the * * * * storage. B1 selection control 115 transmits a signal to the valve 70 of the carriage arm and activates it. suction time regulator 118, by means of the .prop. 116 of the car. In addition, the selection control 4¾ feues · after transmitting signals to a distribution control XU-, to the timing regulator 122, to the aspiration time regulator 118 and to the control 116 of the car .. Ses-¡• · · from the control 116 of the car, a signal is sent to the car clutch, to activate the car engine 72 (fig \ .16) • · · and move the pick-up and distribution needle 62 above the pick-up table position test tubes 32. As described in greater detail in relation to Figure 16, the needle 62 enters the cup 46 and aspirates the programmed sample quantity; the timing regulators 122 of distribution reverse the distributor clutch 114; the needle is raised, a segment of the sample or specimen is reintroduced into the sample cup 46; the arm 66 of the carriage retraced above the row of test tubes 24; and the timing regulator 122 of distribution stops in each of the longitudinal rows 26 of programmed tubes and distributes a serum sample to them.

In addition, the scan frame 464 transmits information to the reagent selection table 113, to activate the reagent solenoid valves 324 and deliver a measured amount of the appropriate reagent in the case.

10.XII.68

<td> ··-</td><td>appropriate cycle. The sweep frame 464, which receives the programmed information from the stationary frame 462, activates the read time regulator 374, which controls the su-</td>

<td>5 i.-</td><td>raising and lowering of reading block 342, to aspirate the filling and ejection assembly 349 thereof and returned to · * · » eject after the completion of the lecture tests ^. read time regulator 374 also controls; the time controller 410 of the recorder, which in turn</td>

<td> 10</td><td>Plora each of the programmed trials and records them • · · the registrar 386. During each cycle, the prinoipal.de time controller 272 sends signals to the belt conveyor. £ 2 *,_t to the • · »· which is advanced, and signals the transmission * of «· *</td>

<td> 15</td><td>, · · * the information programmed to the circuits of functions.y . · ♦ for the beginning of the functions; it gives signs of desprógra activation or deactivation of the control push buttons when each individually programmed sample is finished, activates an advance control 414 to advance the fourth</td>

<td> 20</td><td>sweeping dro to the programmed signals for the next row of programmed tests; sends signal to the pipe washing set 277, to wash the drained tubes or emptied and also sends signal to table 32 of test pieces, that advances.</td>

<td> 25</td><td>Naturally, it is important that the conveyor the belt 22, the rotary table 32 of advance of test pieces and The scan frame464 are synchronized in relative position at all times, to be sure that take the appropriate sample from the sample avacne table</td>

<td> 30</td><td>and is supplied to the transverse row of corresponding tubes</td>

<td>XII.68</td><td> - 52 -</td>

<img file="ES358685A1_D0043.tif" />

-4? Tooth of the conveyor 22, and that the work functions are in synchronism.

Thus, with reference to fig. 67, a synchronization switch 479 may be placed to measure the position advanced by the conveyor 22 moved, for example, by an endless belt transmission 481 connected to one of the chain cogwheels of the tran &amp; by • · t 22. , when advancing * the conveyor in a phina / tub tub • * * tubes the synchronization switch 479 is turned to or

indicate the position of the conveyor 22. Similarly *, · * ♦ * · another synchronization switch 480 (two-layer cookie switch) connected to? the rotary table 32 to determine the position of roasting of the table. And the sync switches 479 and '^ QO are connected in series a. through the calculator $ *. 4 „0Q comprising the sweep box 464, to be sure * * that the feed table 32, the conveyor 22, and the stationary frames 462 and sweep 464 are in sync, before continue with the sequence of immediate successive trials.

The present invention, therefore, lends itself well to carrying out the objects and achieving the above-mentioned purposes and advantages, as well as others that are inherent to it. Although a description of the presently preferred embodiment of the invention has been given, for purely illustrative purposes, numerous changes and variants in the details of construction and arrangement of the parts, including all of them, will occur within the spirit of the invention and the purposes of the following claims.

10.XII.68

Λ

-V «μ

<img file="ES358685A1_D0044.tif" />

This application that corresponds to the one filed in the United States of America, on June 14, 1.968, with the number 737.065, benefits from the article 51 of the current Industrial Property Statute.

the

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