Tamper-evident slider bag

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to reclosable plastic bags and, more particularly, relates to a reclosable plastic bag having a tamper-evident feature. In one set of embodiments, the plastic bag may have a zipper opened and closed using a slider mounted to the zipper, and the tamper-evident feature may initially maintain the slider at a closed position on the zipper and allow the slider to move away from the closed position to an open position on the zipper in response to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature. Alternatively, the tamper-evident feature may initially maintain a mouth portion of the plastic bag in a folded position and allow the mouth portion to be unfolded in response to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Reclosable slider bags of the type disclosed in <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="US5067208A"><text>U. S. Patent No. 5,067,208</text></patcit> include a zipper that is opened and closed by movement of a slider mounted to the zipper. Related prior art is also disclosed in <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="EP0405995A2"><text>EP 0 405 995 A2</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0003" dnum="WO9821993A"><text>WO 98/21993</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0004" dnum="EP0109793A2"><text>EP 0 109 793 A2</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0005" dnum="FR2771387A1"><text>FR 2 771 387 A1</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0006" dnum="US5669715A"><text>US 5 669 715</text></patcit> and <patcit id="pcit0007" dnum="WO9845180A"><text>WO 98/45180</text></patcit>. Due to the ease of operating the slider, such slider bags have increased in popularity over the last few years. Heretofore, the primary market for slider bags has been consumers who purchase a package of empty slider bags and then fill the slider bags with products at home. However, with the increasing popularity of the slider bags, product manufacturers have become interested in packaging their food and nonfood products in slider bags for sale to consumers. The slider bags are a great convenience to the consumer who purchases these product-filled bags especially for products of the type where only a portion of the product is used at any given time.

The product applications for which slider bags may be useful are virtually unlimited.

The consumer may initially open the slider bag, use a portion of the product, and then easily reclose the slider bag. Due to the ease of using the slider bag, the slider bag is typically preferred over one-time openable bags, which are significantly more difficult to open and reclose. To open a one-time openable bag, the consumer may need to tear the bag open and may require a scissors or other tool to facilitate the opening process; to reclose the bag, the consumer typically must roll the top of the bag closed and may require an extra fastening mechanism such as a clip, tie, or tape to maintain the bag in the closed position.

A problem with plastic slider bags is that if such bags are to be pre-packaged with a food or non-food product and then sold in a store, the contents of the plastic bags can easily be tampered with prior to purchase by the consumer. To inhibit such tampering, slider bags have been provided with tamper-evident features of the type disclosed in <patcit id="pcit0008" dnum="US5669715A"><text>U. S. Patent Nos. 5,669,715</text></patcit>; <patcit id="pcit0009" dnum="US5713669A"><text>5,713,669</text></patcit>; and <patcit id="pcit0010" dnum="US5775812A"><text>5,775,812</text></patcit>. While such tamper-evident features are capable of providing tamper evidence upon opening the bag, bag manufacturers such as the assignee of the foregoing patents are continually striving to develop new bag features for improving the functionality of their bags.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To that end, the scope of protection is defined by the independent claims1 and 6. Bags may comprise first and second opposing body panels fixedly connected to each other along a pair of sides and a bottom bridging the pair of sides. Such bags may be provided with a reclosable zipper extending along a mouth portion formed opposite the sealed bottom of the plastic bag. The zipper is preferably free of graspable upper pull flanges in order to best accommodate a slider and inhibit operation of the zipper without the slider. The slider is slidably mounted to the zipper for movement between a closed position and an open position. The zipper is closed while the slider is in the closed position. The zipper is opened in response to movement of the slider to the open position. The bag may optionally include end terminations at opposite ends of the zipper to prevent the slider from going past the ends of the zipper. To provide plastic bags with tamper evidence, the bag may include a tamper-evident feature.

In one set of bags, the tamper-evident feature initially maintains the slider in the closed position and allows the slider to move away from the closed position toward the open position in response to removing or breaking the tamper evident feature. The tamper-evident feature may take a variety of forms including for example: a removable cardboard, paper, or plastic member covering or adjacent to the slider in the closed position and adhered, stapled, friction fit, or connected in some other way to the bag to hold the member in place; a removable flexible member extending through a hole in the slider or through a hole in the zipper adjacent to the slider in the closed position; a removable stepped retaining element removably attached to one of the bag body panels near the closed position of the slider such that a shoulder of the slider is initially engaged to the stepped element and is disengaged therefrom upon removal of the stepped element; a latch connected to the end termination and releasably engaged to the slider in the closed position; a latch connected to the slider and releasably engaged to the end termination when the slider is in the closed position; and a removable U-shaped element extending through slots in the slider in the closed position and dug into the zipper.

The tamper-evident features noted above initially maintain the slider in the closed position. Therefore, prior to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature, it is difficult to gain access to the interior of the bag because, in the absence of graspable upper flanges, the zipper is difficult to grasp and open by hand without the use of the slider. After the tamper-evident feature is removed or broken, the slider may be used to open the zipper and access the contents of the bag.

In another set of bags, the tamper-evident feature initially maintains the mouth portion of the plastic bag in a folded position and allows the mouth portion to be unfolded in response to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature. The tamper-evident feature can be employed with both slider and sliderless bags and may take a variety of forms including for example: spot seals detachably sealing the sides of the folded mouth portion to the sides of the bag; spot seals detachably sealing the inner panel of the folded mouth portion to the adjacent bag panel; a removable flexible member passing through both the folded mouth portion and the adjacent unfolded portion of the bag; one or more stickers (adhesive strips) attaching the folded mouth portion to the adjacent unfolded portion of the bag; and combinations of the foregoing. If the flexible member or sticker is employed and the plastic bag includes a slider for operating the zipper, the flexible member or sticker may be strategically positioned to perform the dual function of maintaining the mouth portion in the folded position and preventing the slider from being moved away from the closed position until the flexible member or sticker is removed from the bag.

The tamper evident features of the present invention effectively inhibit tampering with contents of the bag to a degree that is especially useful for non-food and some food applications, where tamper-proof packaging is not required but tamper-resistant packaging is nonetheless desirable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings in which: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li><figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref> is an isometric view of a reclosable plastic slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a slider mounted to a zipper in a closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0001">FIG. 2</figref> is an isometric view of a mouth portion of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the slider moved away from the closed position so that the zipper is partially opened;</li><li><figref idref="f0001">FIG. 3</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 3-3 in <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0002">FIG. 4a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a removable adhesive label;</li><li><figref idref="f0002">FIG. 4b</figref> is an enlarged isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the adhesive label in the process of being removed from the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0002">FIG. 4c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 4c-4c in <figref idref="f0002">FIG. 4a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0002">FIG. 4d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 4d-4d in <figref idref="f0002">FIG. 4b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0003">FIG. 5a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a flexible member, such as a price tag pin, extending through a hole in the slider;</li><li><figref idref="f0003">FIG. 5b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the flexible member in the process of being cut away from the slider;</li><li><figref idref="f0003">FIG. 5c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 5c-5c in <figref idref="f0003">FIG. 5a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0003">FIG. 5d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 5d-5d in <figref idref="f0003">FIG. 5b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of flexible member, such as a price tag pin, extending through a hole in the zipper adjacent to the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the flexible member in the process of being cut away from the zipper;</li><li><figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 6c-6c in <figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 6d-6d in <figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a stepped retaining element attached to one of the bag body panels and engaging a shoulder of the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the stepped retaining element in the process of being detached from the bag body panel and disengaged from the slider;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 7c-7c in <figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 7d-7d in <figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7e</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a stepped retaining element integrally formed with a slider end stop and engaging a shoulder of the slider in the closed position ;</li><li><figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7f</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the stepped retaining element in the process of being detached from the slider end stop and disengaged from the slider;</li><li><figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7g</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 7g-7g in <figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7e</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7h</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 7h-7h in <figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7f</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, according to the invention, having a tamperevident feature in the form of shrink wrap encapsulating the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, according to the invention, showing the shrink wrap in the process of being removed from the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 8c-8c in <figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 8d-8d in <figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, according to the invention, having a tamperevident feature in the form of a plastic sleeve covering at least a portion of the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, according to the invention, showing the plastic sleeve in the process of being removed from the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 9c-9c in <figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 9d-9d in <figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of an extruded friction fit plastic sleeve located adjacent to the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the plastic sleeve in the process of being removed from the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 10c-10c in <figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 10d-10d in <figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0010">FIG. 11a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a cardboard, paper, plastic, or foil strip stapled to the bag adjacent to the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0010">FIG. 11b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the stapled strip in the process of being removed from the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0010">FIG. 11c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 11 c-11 c in <figref idref="f0010">FIG. 11a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0010">FIG. 11d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 11d-11d in <figref idref="f0010">FIG. 11b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a plastic tab located adjacent to the slider in the closed position, and including a pair of tab panels detachably connected to and extending upward from respective bag body panels and attached to each other above the zipper;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the plastic tab in the process of being removed from the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 12c-12c in <figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 12d-12d in <figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, according to the invention, having a tamperevident feature in the form of a latch extending from a slider end stop and releasably engaged to the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, according to the invention, showing the latch in the process of being disengaged from the slider;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 13c-13c in <figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 13d-13d in <figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0013">FIG. 14a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a latch extending from a slider end stop and engaged to the slider in the closed position;</li><li><figref idref="f0013">FIG. 14b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the latch in the process of being broken to release the slider from the end stop;</li><li><figref idref="f0013">FIG. 14c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 14c-14c in <figref idref="f0013">FIG. 14a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0013">FIG. 14d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 14d-14d in <figref idref="f0013">FIG. 14b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0014">FIG. 15a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature in the form of a latch extending from the slider in the closed position and engaged to the slider end stop;</li><li><figref idref="f0014">FIG. 15b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing the latch in the process of being broken to release the slider from the end stop;</li><li><figref idref="f0014">FIG. 15c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 15c-15c in <figref idref="f0014">FIG. 15a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0014">FIG. 15d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 15d-15d in <figref idref="f0014">FIG. 15b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16a</figref> is a partial isometric view of a slider bag, according to the invention, having a tamperevident feature in the form of a U-shaped element extending through slots in the slider in the closed position and dug into the zipper;</li><li><figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, according to the invention, showing the U-shaped element in the process of being disengaged from the zipper and removed from the slider;</li><li><figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16c</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 16c-16c in <figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16d</figref> is a sectional view taken generally along line 16d-16d in <figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16b</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0016">FIG. 17a</figref> is an isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature created by folding over the mouth portion of the bag and detachably connecting the folded-over mouth portion to the sides of the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0017">FIG. 17b</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, showing one of the side seals attaching the folded-over mouth portion to the sides of the bag;</li><li><figref idref="f0017">FIG. 17c</figref> is a partial isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, after the side seals have been broken to allow the mouth portion to be unfolded;</li><li><figref idref="f0018">FIG. 18</figref> is an isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature created by folding over the mouth portion of the bag and securing the folded-over mouth portion with a price tag pin and a side seal;</li><li><figref idref="f0018">FIG. 19a</figref> is an isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature created by folding over the mouth portion of the bag and detachably sealing the inner panel of the folded-over mouth portion to the adjacent bag panel;</li><li><figref idref="f0018">FIG. 19b</figref> is a section view taken generally along line 19b-19b in <figref idref="f0018">FIG. 19a</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0019">FIG. 20a</figref> is an isometric view of a slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, having a tamper-evident feature created by folding over the mouth portion of the bag and securing the folded-over mouth portion with partially removable stickers; and</li><li><figref idref="f0019">FIG. 20b</figref> is an isometric view of the slider bag, not part of the invention, but important for its understanding, in <figref idref="f0019">FIG. 20a</figref> after the stickers have been partially removed to allow the mouth portion to be unfolded.</li></ul>

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Turning now to the drawings, <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref> depicts a reclosable plastic slider bag 10 comprising first and second opposing body panels 12 and 14 fixedly connected to each other along a pair of sides 16 and 18 and a bottom 20 bridging the pair of sides 16 and 18. The bag is provided with a reclosable zipper 22 extending along a mouth portion formed opposite the closed bottom 20 of the plastic bag.

Referring to <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 3</figref>, the zipper 22 includes a male track and a female track. The male track includes a male profile 24 and a first depending fin or flange 26 extending downward from the male profile 24. Likewise, the female track includes a female profile 28 and a second depending fin or flange 30 extending downward from the female profile 28. The first and second fins 26 and 30 are thermally fused to inner surfaces of the respective first and second body panels 12 and 14. Alternatively, the zipper 22 may be extruded with the body panels 12 and 14 such that the first fin 26 is integrally formed with the first body panel 12 and the second fin 30 is integrally formed with the second body panel 14. To provide a hermetic seal for the contents of the bag, the first and second fins 26 and 30 may be joined to each other at their lowermost ends along a line of weakness to effectively create a single tamper-evident continuous fin. If the fins are joined to each other, they must be separated from each other along the line of weakness in order to gain access to the contents of the bag. Further information concerning the joined fins may be obtained from <patcit id="pcit0011" dnum="US95053597A" dnum-type="L"><text>U. S. application Serial No. 08/950,535 filed October 15,1997</text></patcit> and entitled "Reclosable Fastener Strip With Tamper Evident Feature", published as <patcit id="pcit0012" dnum="US5964532A"><text>US 5 964 532</text></patcit>.

To assist in opening the plastic bag, a slider 32 is slidably mounted to the zipper 22 for movement between a closed position and an open position. In the closed position of the slider 32 shown in <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref>, the male and female profiles 24 and 28 are interlocked with each other. Movement of the slider 32 from the closed position in <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref> toward the open position (see <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 2</figref>) disengages the male and female profiles 24 and 28 from each other and allows a user to gain access to the interior of the plastic bag. The zipper 22 is preferably free of graspable upper pull flanges extending upward from the profiles 24 and 28 in order to facilitate mounting and movement of the slider 32 along the zipper 22. Also, the absence of such upper pull flanges inhibits a user from opening and closing the zipper 22 without the use of the slider 32.

Opposite ends of the zipper 22 are provided with end termination clamps 34. Each end clamp 34 includes a strap member that wraps over the top of the zipper 22. To mount the strap to the zipper 22, one end of the strap is provided with a rivet-like member that is adapted to penetrate through the bag material and into a cooperating opening at the other end of the strap. The end clamps 34 perform the dual function of stops for the ends of the zipper 22 to prevent the slider 32 from going past the end of the zipper 22 and, in addition, they hold the male and female profiles 24 and 28 together to resist stresses applied to the profiles during normal use of the plastic bag. Further details concerning the construction and operation of the slider 32 and the end clamps 34 may be obtained from <patcit id="pcit0013" dnum="US5067208A"><text>U. S. Patent No. 5,067,208 to Herrington, Jr. et al.</text></patcit> The end terminations 34 are merely illustrative and may take other forms known in the art, such as those disclosed in <patcit id="pcit0014" dnum="US5482375A"><text>U. S. Patent Nos. 5,482,375</text></patcit>; <patcit id="pcit0015" dnum="US5448807A"><text>5,448,807</text></patcit>; <patcit id="pcit0016" dnum="US5442837A"><text>5,442,837</text></patcit>; <patcit id="pcit0017" dnum="US5405478A"><text>5,405,478</text></patcit>; <patcit id="pcit0018" dnum="US5161286A"><text>5,161,286</text></patcit>; <patcit id="pcit0019" dnum="US5131121A"><text>5,131,121</text></patcit>; and <patcit id="pcit0020" dnum="US5088971A"><text>5,088,971</text></patcit> and in <patcit id="pcit0021" dnum="US69892396A" dnum-type="L"><text>U. S. application Serial No. 08/698,923 filed August 16,1996</text></patcit> and entitled "End Posts for Plastic Zipper," published as <patcit id="pcit0022" dnum="US5924173A"><text>US 5 924 173</text></patcit>.

To provide the plastic bag with tamper evidence, the bag includes a tamper evident feature. In one set of bags depicted in <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a-d</figref> through <figref idref="f0015">16a-d</figref>, the tamper-evident feature initially maintains the slider 32 in the closed position (<figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref>) and allows the slider 32 to move away from the closed position toward the open position (see <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 2</figref>) in response to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature. Prior to removing or breaking the tamper evident feature, it is difficult to gain access to the interior of the bag because, in the absence of graspable upper flanges, the zipper 22 is difficult to grasp and open by hand without the use of the slider 32. The tamper-evident feature may take a variety forms which are discussed below in connection with <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a-d</figref> through <figref idref="f0015">16a-d</figref>.

Referring to <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a partially removable adhesive label 40 adjacent to the narrow closing end 32a of the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position on the zipper 22. Opposing end sections 40a and 40b of the label 40 are permanently adhered to outer surfaces of the opposing bag body panels 12 and 14, while a middle portion 40c of the label 40 is detachably connected to these end sections 40a and 40b along respective perforation lines. One or both ends of each perforation line may be provided with a notch to help initiate tearing along the perforation line. The middle portion 40c is either not adhered to the bag or is peelably adhered to the bag. Prior to removal, the label 40 extends over the zipper 22 as shown in <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a and 4c</figref> so as to obstruct movement of the slider 32 away from the closed position. To allow movement of the slider 32 and thereby gain access to the interior of the bag, a user grasps the portion 40c of the label 40 extending over the zipper 22 and detaches this portion 40c from the end sections 40a and 40b as shown in <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4b and 4d</figref>. The end sections 40a and 40b remaining on the bag provide evidence of tampering. In an alternative, the label 40 does not include the perforation lines, but rather is removed using a cutting tool such as a scissors or knife.

Referring to <figref idref="f0003">FIGS. 5a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a flexible member, such as a conventional plastic price tag pin 50, extending through a hole 52 in the slider 32 and through the zipper 22 when the slider 32 is in the closed position on the zipper 22. The price tag pin 50 includes a pair of stops 54 and 56 at its opposing ends to keep the pin 50 in place. Since the price tag pin 50 is anchored to the zipper 22, the slider 32 cannot be moved away from the closed position until the price tag pin 50 is clipped off the bag as shown in <figref idref="f0003">FIGS. 5b and 5d</figref>. As shown in <figref idref="f0004">FIGS. 6a-d</figref>, the price tag pin 50 may alternatively be anchored to the zipper 22 adjacent to the closing end 32a of the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position on the zipper 22. The zipper 22 includes the profiles 24 and 28 and the fins 26 and 30 extending downward from the respective profiles 24 and 28. The price tag pin 50 may extend through a hole in either the profiles 24 and 28 (not shown) or the fins 26 and 30 as shown in <figref idref="f0004">FIG. 6c</figref>. The pin 50 may extend through both the fins and the opposing body panels (as shown) or just the fins. Prior to removal of the pin 50, the pin 50 blocks movement of the slider 32 away from the closed position.

Referring to <figref idref="f0005">FIGS. 7a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a removable stepped retaining element 70 removably attached to the bag body panel 12 just below the zipper 22 at the closed position of the slider. The stepped element 70 may be attached to the bag body panel 12 by a peel seal or other weak adhesive that allows the stepped element 70 to be peeled or pried away as shown in <figref idref="f0005">FIGS. 7b and 7d</figref>. The stepped element 70 forms one or more steps 72 having respective sloped surfaces. The sloped surfaces of the respective steps 72 may be inclined such that each step 72 gradually increases in thickness in a direction approaching the end stop 34. To engage one of the steps 72, the slider 32 includes at least one inwardly extending shoulder 73 that is contoured to form a protrusion or bump 74. The protrusion 74 may be located anywhere along the shoulder 73. Further details concerning the contoured shoulder 73 may be obtained from <patcit id="pcit0023" dnum="US93804797A" dnum-type="L"><text>U. S. application Serial No. 08/938,047 filed April 26,1997</text></patcit>, entitled "High-Strength Slider for a Reclosable Bag," and published as <patcit id="pcit0024" dnum="US5896627A"><text>US 5 896 627</text></patcit>. When the slider 32 is in the closed position, the protrusion 74 on the slider shoulder 73 engages a raised edge 76 (<figref idref="f0005">FIG. 7a</figref>) on one of the steps 72.

To create the tamper-evident feature in <figref idref="f0005">FIGS. 7a-d</figref>, the stepped element 70 is preferably first adhered to the bag body panel 12. Subsequently, the slider 32 may be engaged to the stepped element 70 using a couple techniques. In one technique, if the slider 32 is of the wing-lock type disclosed in <patcit id="pcit0025" dnum="US5067208A"><text>U. S. Patent No. 5,067,208</text></patcit>, the slider 32 may be installed on the zipper 22 at a location immediately above the stepped element 70. The wing-lock slider 32 includes a pair of hinged wings 78 and 79 that, prior to installing the slider 32 on the zipper 22, are spread away from each other in an open position (not shown). The wing 78 forms the shoulder 73 having the protrusion 74. The slider 32 is initially mounted to the zipper 22 above the stopped element with the wings 78 and 79 in the open or spread position, and then the wings 78 and 79 are rotated downward and latched in a closed position depicted in <figref idref="f0005">FIGS. 7a-d</figref>. As the wings 78 and 79 are latched in the closed position, the protrusion 74 engages the edge 76 of one of the steps 72. In another technique, the slider 32 is installed on the zipper 22 at a location away from the stepped element 70. The slider 32 is then moved along the zipper 22 to the closed position. When approaching the closed position, the slider shoulder 73 is forced over the stepped element 70 until the protrusion 74 engages the edge 76 of one of the steps 72.

To remove the stepped element 70 and thereby allow movement of the slider 32 away from the closed position, a user grasps a tab 71 of the stepped element 70 and peels or pries the stepped element 70 away from the bag body panel 12 as shown in <figref idref="f0005">FIGS. 7b and 7d</figref>.

Referring to <figref idref="f0006">FIGS. 7e-h</figref>, in an alternative a breakaway stepped element 70'is integrally formed with the end stop 34 and is detachably connected to the end stop 34 along a weakened area of connection 75 (<figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7e</figref>). To remove the stepped element 70', the slider 32 is forced away from the closed position as shown in <figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7f</figref> to break the weakened connection 75. The detached stepped element 70' is then removed from beneath the slider 32. To facilitate removal of the stepped element 70', a pull tab akin to the tab 71 in <figref idref="f0005">FIGS. 7a-d</figref> may be provided. Instead of detaching the stepped element 70' from the end stop 34 by forcibly moving the slider 32 away from the end stop 34, the stepped element 70' may alternatively be provided with a pull tab that is grasped and pulled by a user to first rupture the weakened connection 75 and then remove the detached stepped element 70' from beneath the slider 32.

Referring to <figref idref="f0007">FIGS. 8a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of removable plastic shrink wrap 80 encapsulating the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position. The shrink wrap 80 is adhered or thermally fused to the bag body panels 12 and 14. The shrink wrap 80 may additionally encapsulate the end stop 34, in which case the shrink wrap 80 may only need to be attached to itself and not to the body panels in order to be held in place. Alternatively, the shrink wrap may be shrunk over the zipper 22 in front of the slider 32. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from the closed position, the shrink wrap 80 is torn or peeled away from the bag as shown in <figref idref="f0007">FIGS. 8b and 8d</figref>. The shrink wrap 80 may be notched or perforated to facilitate its removal. Such perforations could be located along the top or sides of the shrink wrap 80 depending upon the manner in which it is desired that the shrink wrap 80 be torn away. It is contemplated that a portion of the shrink wrap 80 could remain attached to the bag body panels 12 and 14 for tamper evidence after most of the shrink wrap 80 is torn away, so long as the remaining portion does not interfere with the movement of the slider 32.

Referring to <figref idref="f0008">FIGS. 9a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a rigid or flexible plastic sleeve 90 partially covering the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position. Alternatively, the sleeve 90 may be increased in length to cover the entire slider 32. The sleeve 90 is either adhered or thermally fused to one or both of the bag body panels 12 and 14 as shown in <figref idref="f0008">FIGS. 9a and 9c</figref> or attached to the end stop 34 (not shown). To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from the closed position, the plastic sleeve 90 is torn or peeled away from the bag as shown in <figref idref="f0008">FIGS. 9b and 9d</figref>.

Referring to <figref idref="f0009">FIGS. 10a-d</figref>, in an alternative a plastic sleeve 100 is mounted over the zipper 22 adjacent to the closing end 32a of the slider 32 when the slider is in the closed position. The sleeve 100 may be adhered or thermally fused to the bag body panels 12 and 14 and, additionally or alternatively, may be releasably connected to the zipper 22 by a friction fit. Also, the sleeve 100 may extend along only a short portion of the length of the zipper 22 as shown, or may extend along substantially the entire length of the zipper 22 less the region of the zipper 22 occupied by the slider 32. To achieve a strong friction fit between the sleeve 100 and the zipper 22, the sleeve 100 is preferably extruded to have an inner profile conforming to an outer profile of the zipper 22 as shown in <figref idref="f0009">FIG. 10c</figref>. When the sleeve 100 is mounted to the zipper 22, the sleeve 100 obstructs movement of the slider 32 away from the closed position. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from the closed position, the sleeve 100 is pried off the zipper 22 either by pulling the entire sleeve 100 upward off the zipper 22 (not shown) or, if the sleeve 100 is sufficiently flexible, by releasing and lifting one side of the sleeve 100 as shown in <figref idref="f0009">FIGS. 10b and 10d</figref>.

Referring to <figref idref="f0010">FIGS. 11a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a cardboard, paper, plastic, or foil strip 110 wrapped over the zipper 22 at a location adjacent to the closing end 32a of the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position. The strip 110 is stapled to the bag body panels 12 and 14. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from its closed position, the staple is removed from the strip 110 which is, in turn, removed from the bag.

Referring to <figref idref="f0011">FIGS. 12a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a plastic tab 120 located adjacent to the closing end 32a of the slider 32 when the slider is in the closed position. The plastic tab 120 includes a pair of tab panels 120a and 120b (<figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12c</figref>) integrally formed with the respective bag body panels 12 and 14 and detachable therefrom along lines of weakness 122 (<figref idref="f0011">FIG. 12a</figref>). The lines of weakness may be perforations, scores, thinned areas, or the like. The tab panels 120a and 120b extend upwardly above the zipper 22 and are adhered or thermally fused to each other above the zipper 22. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from its closed position, the tab panels 120a and 120b are grasped and pulled in a generally upward direction until they are broken away from the bag body panels 12 and 14 along the lines of weakness 122 as shown in <figref idref="f0011">FIGS. 12b and 12d</figref>. It is contemplated that a single tab panel maybe used in place of the pair of tab panels 120a and 120b.

Referring to <figref idref="f0012">FIGS. 13a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a latch 130 extending from the end stop 34 and releasably engaged to the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position. The illustrated latch 130 is connected to the end stop 34 along a one-time breakable hinge that biases the latch 130 toward the position depicted in <figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13a</figref>. The latch 130 may extend along the side of the slider 32 as shown or, alternatively, may extend along the top wall of the slider 32. As shown in <figref idref="f0012">FIG. 13a</figref>, the latch 130 is shaped to extend about the exterior of the slider 32 and forms a distal hook 132 that engages the closing end 32a of the slider 32. Alternatively, the slider 32 may be modified to include a protruding tab, and the latch 130 may be adapted to engage the protruding tab. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from its closed position, the latch 130 is pivoted outward away from the slider 32 until the hook 132 disengages from the slider 32 as shown in <figref idref="f0012">FIGS. 13b and 13d</figref>. The latch 130 is then torn away from the end stop 34 and discarded.

Referring to <figref idref="f0013">FIGS. 14a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of an arrow-shaped latch 140 extending from the slider end stop 34 and engaged to the slider 32 when the slider 32 is in the closed position. The latch 140 is integrally formed with the end stop 34, and the slider 32 is initially injection molded with an elongated cavity 142 having a shape generally corresponding to the shape of the latch 140. The transverse dimension of the cavity is slightly greater than the transverse dimension of the latch 140. To "activate" the tamper-evident feature, the slider 32 is moved to the closed position such that the latch 140 is inserted into the cavity 142 and the barb-like head 144 of the latch 140 snappingly engages a shoulder 146 deep within the cavity 142. The latch head 144 is sufficiently flexible to allow the latch 140 to be inserted in the cavity 142 and, yet, its barb-like shape prevents the latch 140 from subsequently being extracted from the cavity 142. The installed latch 140 is depicted in <figref idref="f0013">FIGS. 14a and 14c</figref>. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from its closed position, the slider 32 is simply grasped and moved away from the closed position with sufficient force to break the latch 140 away from the end stop 34 as shown in <figref idref="f0013">FIGS. 14b and 14d</figref>. The latch 140 remains captured within the cavity 142 of the slider 32.

As shown in <figref idref="f0014">FIGS. 15a-d</figref>, an arrow-shaped latch 150 may alternatively extend from the slider 32 and be engaged to the end stop 34. The latch 150 is inserted into a cavity 152 within the end stop 34 and snappingly engaged to a shoulder 154 within the cavity 152. In response to forcing the slider 32 away from its closed position, the latch 150 is broken away from the slider 32 and remains captured within the cavity 152 as shown in <figref idref="f0014">FIGS. 15b and 15d</figref>.

Referring to <figref idref="f0015">FIGS. 16a-d</figref>, there is shown a tamper-evident feature in the form of a U-shaped rigid or semi-rigid retaining element 160 extending through slots 162 in the slider 32 and dug into the zipper 22 (see <figref idref="f0015">FIG. 16c</figref>) when the slider 32 is in the closed position. The U-shaped element 160 may be composed of metal or plastic. The slider 32 includes a transverse member 163 and a pair of side walls 164 and 165 extending downward from opposing longitudinal sides of the transverse member 163. The transverse member 163 rides along the upper portion of the zipper 22. The side wall 164 includes a leg 166 and a hinged wing 167. After the slider 32 is installed on the zipper 22, the wing 167 encompasses and is latched to the leg 166. The side wall 165 includes a leg and a hinged wing akin to the respective leg 166 and wing 167 of the side wall 164. The slots 162 are formed by a small gap separating the wing 167 20 from the leg 166. Further details concerning the construction of the slider 32 may be obtained from <patcit id="pcit0026" dnum="US93804797A" dnum-type="L"><text>U. S. application Serial No. 08/938,047 filed April 26,1997</text></patcit>, entitled "High-Strength Slider for a Reclosable Bag," and published as <patcit id="pcit0027" dnum="US5896627A"><text>US 5 896 627</text></patcit>.

An advantage of the tamper-evident feature in <figref idref="f0015">FIGS. 16a-d</figref> is that a slider bag utilizing the slider 32 constructed as described above is already suitable for receiving the U-shaped element 160. No special features need to be added to the slider 32.Therefore, such a slider bag may be retrofitted with the U-shaped element 160 to provide the bag with a degree of tamper evidence. To allow the slider 32 to be moved away from the closed position, the U-shaped element 160 is disengaged from the zipper 22 and removed from the slider 32. To facilitate such removal of the U-shaped element, a prying tool such as a screwdriver may be inserted between the slider leg 166 and the U-shaped element 160. In an alternative, the U-shaped element 160 is replaced with a rigid element that passes through only a single slot or hole in the slider 32 and digs into the zipper 22. This rigid element is preferably provided with some sort of handle that can be manipulated by hand or with a tool to facilitate removal of the rigid element from the slider 32.

In another set of bags illustrated in <figref idref="f0016 f0017">FIGS. 17a-c</figref> through <figref idref="f0019">FIGS. 20a-b</figref>, the tamper-evident feature initially maintains a mouth portion of the plastic bag in a folded position and allows the mouth portion to be unfolded in response to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature. The tamper-evident feature can be employed with both slider and sliderless bags.

Referring to <figref idref="f0016 f0017">FIGS. 17a-c</figref>. there is shown a tamper-evident feature created by folding over the mouth portion 170 of the bag and detachably sealing the folded-over mouth portion 170 to the sides 16 and 18 of the bag along side spot seals 172 and 174. With the bag in the folded position, as shown in <figref idref="f0016">FIGS. 17a</figref> and <figref idref="f0017">17b</figref>, access to the interior of the bag is restricted because even if the slider 32 is moved from the closed position to the open position, one would have difficulty getting past the fold 176 after entering the bag. In addition to providing tamper evidence, the folded-over mouth portion 170 provides a convenient handle for carrying the bag especially when the seals for attaching the folded-over mouth portion 170 are located along the sides 16 and 18. To gain access to the contents of the bag, the side seals 172 and 174 are ruptured to allow the mouth portion 170 to be unfolded as shown in <figref idref="f0017">FIG. 17c</figref>.

As shown in <figref idref="f0018">FIGS. 18</figref>,19a-b, and 20a-b, the folded-over mouth portion 170 may alternatively be secured in the folded position by other means. For example, in <figref idref="f0018">FIG. 18</figref>, the folded-over mouth portion 170 is held in the folded position by the combination of a spot seal 174 along the side 18 and a flexible member, such as a price tag pin 180, passing through both the zipper 22 and the adjacent unfolded bag portion near the side 16. The price tag pin 180 performs the dual function of maintaining the mouth portion 170 in the folded position and preventing the slider 32 from being moved away from the closed position until the pin 180 is removed from the bag. The variant in <figref idref="f0018">FIG. 18</figref> may be modified to eliminate the spot seal 174 and provide either a single price tag pin approximately midway between the sides 16 and 18 or a pair of price tag pins near the respective sides 16 and 18. Any price tag pin near the side 16 is preferably disposed adjacent to or through the slider 32 along the zipper 22 to prevent the slider 32 from being moved away from the closed position until the pin is removed from the bag.

In FIGS. 19a-b, the folded-over mouth portion 170 is secured in the folded position by one or more spot seals 190 and 192 detachably sealing the bag panel 12 to itself. The spot seals may, for example, be peelable seals or "dirty"seals. The portion of the bag panel 12 on the mouth portion 170 is adhered to the adjacent unfolded portion of the bag panel 12. The spot seals 190 and 192 may, if desired, be strategically positioned to create a handle for carrying the bag.

In <figref idref="f0019">FIGS. 20a-b</figref>, the folded-over mouth portion 170 is secured in the folded position by one or more partially removable stickers (adhesive strip) or pressure-sensitive labels 200 that attach the mouth portion 170 to the adjacent unfolded portion of the bag panel 12. One of the stickers 200 may be positioned adjacent to or over the slider 32 along the zipper 22 to prevent the slider 32 from being moved away from the closed position until the sticker is removed from the bag. A middle portion of each sticker 200 is torn away to allow the mouth portion 170 to be unfolded, while end portions of each sticker 200 remain permanently attached to the bag to provide evidence of tampering.

Each tamper-evident feature described above makes it difficult to gain access to the interior of the bag prior to removing or breaking the tamper-evident feature. In the absence of graspable upper flanges, the zipper 22 is difficult to grasp and open by hand without the use of the slider 32. Therefore, with respect to those tamper-evident features that prevent movement of the slider 32 away from the closed position, such tamper-evident features effectively inhibit tampering with the contents of the bag to a degree that is especially useful for non-food and some food applications, where tamper-proof packaging is not required but tamper-resistant packaging is nonetheless desirable. For example, the tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a-d</figref>, <figref idref="f0007">8a-d</figref>. <figref idref="f0008">9a-d</figref>, IOa-d, 1 Ia-d, and 12a-d are advantageous in that tamper resistance is accomplished by using a removable cardboard, paper, plastic, or foil member covering or adjacent to the slider in the closed position and adhered, stapled, friction fit, or connected in some other way to the bag to hold the member in place. If the member is composed of plastic, the plastic may be a polymer or copolymer comprised of polyethylene-based polymers, polystyrene, polypropylene, nylon, polycarbonate, or other similar materials. The polyethylene-based polymers may include low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, metallocene, ethylene vinyl acetate, or other similar materials. The shrink wrap 80 in <figref idref="f0007">FIGS. 8a-d</figref> is preferably composed of conventional low density polyethylene. The plastic tab 120 in <figref idref="f0011">FIGS. 12a-d</figref> is formed from the same material as the bag body panels 12 and 14 because the detachable tab panels 120a and 120b are integrally formed with the respective bag body panels 12 and 14.

Further, the tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0003">FIGS. 5a-d</figref> and <figref idref="f0004">6a-d</figref> are advantageous in that tamper resistance is accomplished by using a conventional price tag pin anchored to at least the zipper 22 (<figref idref="f0003">FIGS. 5a-d</figref> and <figref idref="f0004">6a-d</figref>) and optionally anchored to the slider 32 as well (<figref idref="f0003">FIGS. 5a-d</figref>) so as to obstruct movement of the slider 32 away from its closed position. The tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0012">FIGS. 13a-d</figref>, <figref idref="f0013">14a-d</figref>, and 15ad are advantageous in that tamper resistance is accomplished by using a movable (<figref idref="f0012">FIGS. 13a-d</figref>) or breakable (FIGS-14a-d and 15a-d) latch releasably coupling the slider 32 to the end stop 34. The stepped element in <figref idref="f0005 f0006">FIGS. 7a-h </figref>is likewise effective at providing resistance to tampering with the contents of the slider bag.

Unlike the tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a-d</figref> through <figref idref="f0015">16a-d</figref>, the tamperevident features in <figref idref="f0016 f0017">FIGS. 17a-c</figref>, <figref idref="f0018">18</figref>,19a-b, and 20a-b do not rely upon preventing movement of the slider 32 away from its closed position. Rather, the tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0016 f0017">FIGS. 17a-c</figref>, <figref idref="f0018">18</figref>,19a-b, and <figref idref="f0019">20a-b </figref>rely upon securing the bag mouth in a folded position and would still be effective in the absence of the slider 32 and the zipper 22. Therefore, unlike the other tamper-evident features, the tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0016 f0017">FIGS. 17a-c</figref>, <figref idref="f0018">18</figref>,19a-b, and 20a-b may be applied to virtually any type of bag. If, however, a slider bag is employed, it is contemplated that the tamper-evident features of <figref idref="f0002">FIGS. 4a-d</figref> through 16a-d can be combined with the tamper-evident features in <figref idref="f0016 f0017">FIGS. 17a-c</figref>, <figref idref="f0018">18</figref>,19a-b, and <figref idref="f0019">20a-b</figref> so as to both secure the bag mouth in a folded position and prevent movement of the slider away from its closed position until the appropriate tamper-evident feature is broken or removed. Examples of bags combining multiple tamper-evident features is illustrated in <figref idref="f0018">FIGS. 18</figref> and <figref idref="f0019">20a-b</figref>.