Method of establishing a radio link

Translation of description of equivalent WO 9750195 A1

A method for producing a radio link

The invention relates to a method for establishing a radio connection between at least two network subscribers of a digital relay radio network.

The method of the type in question are related to wireless networks such as. The mobile network C, D1, D2 and E-Plus network known. The be¬ knew networks have this stationary radio equipment in the form of Relais¬ stations on. Establishing a wireless connection is made using external Vermitt¬ regulatory procedure under an external radio network management. The location of the network subscriber and establishing a connection between the network subscribers occurs in these mobile networks by means of the central switching device.

When establishing a wireless connection, the central relay stations play the fundamental role, since they are a division of the radio network area into individual network cells in a permanent two-way contact with the network participants. So each relay station the location of the network subscriber by its response in the relay station, and then going on in the network center is always known.

When establishing a wireless connection between two network subscribers network subscribers are initially localized by means of the central switching method. Subsequently, the radio link is calculated between network users or set and then switched. The preliminary calculation or determination of the connection path about possible Teiiverbindungen called this "routing".

The known methods operate between mobile devices and the statio¬ nary relay stations of the respective power cells of the known radio networks. In the known radio networks is therefore essential that external and centrally controlled Ver¬ go apply essentially from an external operator concerned - are used outside of the individual mobile phones or wireless devices -. Instance a central plant computer. In known methods for producing a radio link within the be¬ known radio networks is problematic in that stationary transmission relays or relay stations are required to establish a radio link always. It follows that always initially aufge¬ a nationwide network of stationary relay stations in the device or the rebuilding of a radio network of the known type to be built. Thus, the flexibility of a network system with a view to re-implementation is greatly reduced.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for producing a radio connection of the type in question, in which a producing a radio link in a network without stationary Relaisstatio¬ NEN is possible in a simple manner.

According to the invention, the foregoing object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. After that Ver¬ in question is run in such a way that the individual network participants an individual location-dependent position identification is assigned, so that the position of all Netzteil¬ intended participants relative to each other.

In the invention, it has been recognized that a simple manufacturing a radio link is feasible if the individual network subscribers is assigned a in¬ dividual location-dependent position identification. It is essential here is that the position of the individual network subscribers by the inventive Zuord¬ opening an individual location-dependent position identification relatively be¬ true.

Through the relatively fixed position identifier of establishing a radio link is gradually enabling of network subscriber to network subscriber. The provision of separate stationary relay stations is no longer required. For Auf¬ construction of a radio link, a source subscriber need only tion identifier his own Posi¬ and know the position identification of the target subscriber. The establishment of the radio connection is then between the source subscriber and the destination subscriber existing network more participants that their basis of knowledge own position identification a transmitted from the source subscriber radio signal can forward purposefully to the destination subscriber.

A relay radio network, wherein the method of the invention may find its application is known from German Patent Application 195 35 021.9. Therein a relay radio network is described which consists of individual mobile radio devices, which serve both as a terminal and as a relay. The inventive arrangement Zu¬ a position identifier, the network nodes can be connected rich¬ device specifically in the known Re¬ laisfunknetz position- and direction-dependent addresses and destination addressed or.

In the invention, the localization of the network operator and the establishment of the radio path between the network subscribers are not exactly stations using stationary Relais¬ and fixed radio network cells performed. The direction of Funk¬ path to the desired destination subscriber is specified participant directionally tends to radio connection via the progressive framing of the successive sub radio paths over more Netz¬. During the construction and the intrusion of the wireless connection, the wireless connection has not yet been finalized, pending the establishment of the final part of the radio path. It can arise that may have multiple part radio paths are simultaneously selected and multipath or several parallel radio links er¬ follows.

Accordingly, a method is ei¬ ner radio link specified for Manufacture in which a producing a radio link is provided in a network without stationary relay stations in a simple manner with the inventive method.

With regard to a simple wireless connection is advantageous if the network subscriber involved in a production of a radio link identifier for comparison with the position identification of other network participants know their Positions¬. To this end, the one network subscriber associated position identification could be stored by the respective network subscriber. As regards a particularly simple assigning position identifications the position relative to radio signals emitting radio signal transmitters could be determined with a predeterminable location. This could be provided at least three donor Funksignal¬. The radio signal transmitters could then emit the radio signals at specific times or at specific time intervals. By receiving the radio signals from the predetermined locations, the Posi¬ can tion of the receiving network operator easily determine signal encoders relative to the Funk¬. This is a clear positioning and a clear assignment of a location identifier allows.

A particularly reliable assignment of location-dependent position identifications could be realized if the radio signal transmitter via the radio network area distributed are arranged at the edge of the wireless network area. The radio signal transmitter may thereby spanning no collinear axis systems.

In order to secure transmission or to a safe reception of the radio signals, the network subscribers could receive the radio signals directly gebem of the radio signal or via other net participants. In other Wor¬ th all network participants also serve as a transmitter of radio signals for assigning a position identification. The radio signals from the Funksignal¬ could be donor of serving as transmitter network subscribers snowballed weiterüber¬ averages.

With regard to a particularly clear distinction of the radio signals from underside different radio signal transmitters, the radio signals of the radio signal transmitter in the onward with a transmitter-related or definable Verzöge¬ could be further transmitted delay time. Thus, the resolution received Funk¬ could be significantly improved signals of spatially closely adjacent, but via different Netzteilneh¬ mer transmitting radio signal transmitters.

The radio signal transmitters could at certain time intervals, if necessary, monthly or even in much shorter time intervals, transmit radio signals. The radio signals may be time synchronization signals, which are forwarded by all transmitters in Relais¬ radio network snowballed. Such avalanches like further could lead, according to the radio recording procedure without memory switching erfol¬ gen, which is described in German Patent Application 196 08 846.1. Here, each radio signal transmitter sends individually and all wireless sirens send sequentially, eg. At a certain programmed time or after ei¬ nem certain interval.

The radio signals from the radio signal transmitters could find location-dependent and / or direction-dependent manipulations of their information content with regard to a particularly good distinctness of origin of the radio signals at the onward in the wireless network area. In addition to the better distinction as to the origin of the radio signals then a particularly distinctive position identifier is assigned. Such manipulation could include a Laufzeitver¬ delay.

With regard to an exchange of information between the transmitters, the radio signals of the radio signal transmitter in the transmission could by network participants also transmitted additional information serving as the transmitter network subscriber.

As regards a particularly clear differentiation of the radio signals unterschiedli¬ cher radio signal transmitter, the radio signals of different Funksignalge¬ could about by the network Participants in relation to a different radio frequency and / or a different logical encoding and / or a unterschiedli¬ chen information content and / or a different time period and / or a different transmission sequence physically distinguished wer¬ to. It is fundamentally important that the network subscribers can ascertain from which radio signal transmitter which each received radio signal originates.

Each transmitter, the radio signals of different radio signal transmitter in a ge know chronological order receives, thus receives the location of Empfän¬ gers dependent signal sequence. From the time intervals of the incoming radio signals from the location of the receiver can be unambiguously determined. The network participants are arranged zuge¬ position identifications develop because of delays relay location and direction dependent within the network area. In the presence of eg. Three radio signal transmitters, the radio signal of the first radio signal transmitter in consideration of relay delays after 1 sec could. With the network operators concerned arrive, the radio signal of the second radio signal transmitter by 3 sec. And the radio signal of the third radio signal transmitter after 5 seconds. From this could be a generate position identifier 1 -3-5.

Another way of generating a position identification could be derived by a number of transmissions of the dependent increase a count or Zähl¬ arguments within the radio signal. In other words, at each transmission of the respective radio signal, a numerical value in order for example. 1 er¬ increased. If there are eg three radio signal transmitters could then consist voltage from the respective number of transmissions of each radio signal as follows a Positionsken¬. Has eg. The first radio signal transmissions three behind ge introduced, the second radio signal transmissions ten and the third radio signal zwan¬ tens transmissions, a position identification 3-10-20 conceivable. This would allow the radio signals of the radio signal transmitter in the further transmission in the radio network area, find a location-dependent and / or direction-dependent change of Zählargumenten containing the radio signals by further counting by the respective mid Über¬. In other words, a location-dependent and direction-dependent differentiation of the position sequence is reached, each transmitter chronologically counts a step number in the transmission or continues to count and this modifies or adds a piece of information in the encoder signal. IDs These Positions¬ develop this because of continued counted step number ortsab¬ dependent and direction-dependent over the net area.

A third possibility of the position identification could be achieved if the radio signal transmitter from satellites of the Ground Positioning System (GPS) existed. The network subscribers receive as signals tion their absolute geographic Posi¬. This consists of the parameters latitude and longitude. The position identification could then consist only of the above, the GPS erhalte¬ NEN geographical position data.

To realize the position identification by means of GPS, the device hardware must be made more complicated than disposed for the reception of the on the net Radio signal transmitters. However, this system eliminates the cascading structure of the position identification system and thus relieved the network considerably. The applicational the GPS to locate the network subscriber has a high spatial resolution, which also provides a safe positioning of the network operator in emergency situations for the Zuhilfekommen ancillary services, emergency services would etc. allows. A direct extension of these support services to the whereabouts of Netzteilneh¬ mers would thereby possible in a simple manner.

As mentioned above, the radio signals of the radio signal transmitters when received by the network operators could generate a certain site-specific temporal sequence in the form of a position sequence to form the position identification. It is essential that individual network subscriber that of a radio signal transmitter ausge¬ sent radio signal not multiple, possibly over several transmitter obtained. This would no longer permit a unique position identifier. To avoid the occurrence of such multiple signals at a network subscriber a Funk¬ could be used recording procedure, as described already in the German Patentan¬ message 196 08 846.1 of the applicant.

The position identification could advantageously a guide number, be comparable to a zip code. The formation of such a guide number is already be¬ above written. The guide number may consist of a string and / or series of numbers that can be derived directly from the position sequence or from the chronological order of arrival of radio signals from different radio signal transmitters. Here, the numbers of the guide number of the numerical values ​​of Zeitdiffe¬ could distinguish the different radio signals of the radio signal transmitter relative to each other or made relative to a specific reference signal of the radio signals when received by the network participants.

in particular the step numbers in the further transmission of different radio signals of the radio signal transmitter from the numerical values ​​of Zählargumente, hen beste¬ - As an alternative could be the number sequence of the guide number - as already described. In a further alternative could be the number sequence of the guide number of the numerical values ​​of geographical position data, in particular the rule geographi¬ length and the latitude that received by the network subscribers gen are made. This guide numbers could be assigned to the network subscribers at the location of their reception as addresses in the radio network area. This would allow the guide numbers form a location-dependent and direction-dependent conductivities system. When recording of the radio link or the manufacture of the radio link, the network operators can address the desired target subscriber using this guide numbers or addresses.

For the production of the radio link is essential that the network participants know their own position identification and position identifications of the source subscriber and the destination subscriber. Then could be a comparison with the radio connection between a source participant and a destination subscriber Intended, serving as a transmitter network subscriber its guide number Leitzahi of Zielteilneh¬ mers and the guide number of the source subscriber or possibly the previous transmitter together and then decide if he performs Weiterübermitt¬ ment , In other words, a network subscriber Intended or transmitter compares the target subscriber identifier, the source transmitter identifier and its own identifier with each other. The transmitter checks whether its own position identifier more with the target subscriber identifier is similar as the Positionsken¬ voltage of source transmitter. If this is the case, it shall continue, otherwise the transmission is not continued over him. In the case of its further transmission of the transmitter is closer to the target subscriber as his source transmitter. Another transmission by the transmitter is no longer useful when it is farther away from the target agent, than the respective source transmitter. In the latter case the source transmitter transmits further themselves. Through this principle the desired wireless connection can be produced successively.

The comparison and / or decision-making procedures could be based on a comparison of Ähnlichkeits¬ conductivity, especially reindeer a fuzzy-logic Entscheidungsverfah¬.

To generate alternative pathways and thus a particularly secure connection establishment a Mehr¬ path propagation could be generated during intrusion of the radio link. In the case of the use of GPS for mapping a location identifier to the network subscribers could the position identification or the guide number of eg. The consist geo¬ graphic length and width. This geographical position data or a different type of position identification and / or a guide number may be automatically mitübermittelt the intrusion of the radio link from the source participant to Zielteil¬ participants. Thereby the ADAC (Allgemeiner Deut¬ shear Automobile Association) an automatic information of auxiliaries and / or rescue facilities would such as. Realized. This would allow a simplified finding the Quelienteilnehmers eg. In an emergency situation, in which the participants Quellenteil¬ its exact location either does not know or due to large Aufre¬ supply or health impairment no longer can transmit properly. Such an automatic position detection for receiving a Funkverbin¬ training could also be provided with known radio network systems. This could eg. By implementing a GPS chips be realized phone during a conventional acetals.

The application of the method for manufacturing a Funkver¬ bond could also be done with conventional mobile networks of the above kind, which could be dispensed with, the provision of stationary relay stations at a corresponding position identification of network stations. So that no central network management more would be required.

An exemplary example of a possible method is described in terms of the similarity comparison which must be carried out from an addressed Transmitter to decide whether the radio link continues to be built on it or whether it is better to cancel the connection with him:

First, the source node sends its radio call for Verbindungsauf¬ measure with the required Funkrufparametern A to its transmitter around his SendeVEmpfangsbereichs or contraction range from. The parameters A contain as a percentage of the source identification A2 the position sequence or Posi¬ tion identifier A2Q: (q-_| , ..., Q_n) And as a percentage of the target subscriber identification A1 the position identification A1: (z_j ... Z_n). This position sequences or Positionsken- openings consist of intervals sequence or the step number sequence or the sequence parameters or geographical position data of ground-based or satellite-based signal transmitter. The target subscriber identifier A1 is the Benut¬ zer or the source subscriber from a telephone directory with all Posi¬ tion IDs of target participants known. Such a phone book may be in the form of an electronic storage the source participant. The updating of the phone book after each allocation operation of Posi¬ tion identification. This mapping process can daily, hourly, or in still kür¬ zeren intervals. Exemplary is the method further only by the step number parameter q_n and Z_n are explained. However, it can be applied the same for the aforementioned types of position identifications. The specific application is used can be checked in terms of technical or wirt¬ nomic aspects.

The achievable Transmitter addressed now compare each position Z_η the Zielteilnehmerieitzahl or -kennung A-₍ with the corresponding position q ^_n own guide number A2Z and with the corresponding position qQ_n the Leitzah! A2Q the source subscriber or previous transmitter. For this, the rule rechneri¬ step speed difference sequences D ^ A2Z '^DA1 A2Q between Schrittzahl¬ sequences A-₍ and A2Z. A2Q formed.

^DA1, A2Z^: (^dn^{A1 Λ2Z}) = ^DA1, A2Z^: (^z1 ^" PZ1 ^zn ^' ^ Zn)

^DA1, A2Q^: (^dn^{A1, A2Q}) = ^DA1, A2Q^: (^z1 ^" QQ1 ^zn - ^ Qn)

The differences d_n are mapped by the function F and the images F (d_n) Are summed in S.

F (d_n) = 1 for amount (d_n^{A1 »A2Z}) <Amount (d_n^A1 -^A2Q)

F (d_n) = 0 for amount (d_n^A1 '^A2Z) = Amount (d_n^A1 -^A2Q)

F (d_n) = - 1 for amount (d_n^A1 -^A2Z)> Amount (d_n^A1 -^A2Q)

The sum S of the function values ​​F (d_n) Preferences of difference sequences of Schrittzahldif¬ S = Sum_{n = 0 to n = s} (F (d_n))

then the measure of the decision of a transmitter to pass on the radio calling the source participant. The summation limit s here is the number of radio signal transmitter used in the network area. For a positive measure S a transmitter is in principle free to pass the radio call and at a neutral or negative measure S not. If the Transmitter their income from Leitzahlen¬ compared to the respective source - source subscriber or previous transmitter - return, the source subscriber or previous transmitter may select the transmitter to the fullest extent possible, and specifically select for transmission of the radio call as part of a single-path propagation. the achievable Transmitter Will be selected with the greatest Entscheidungsmaß in transmission, the result is a particularly purposeful spatial Verbindungsauf¬ acquisition, without the presence of multipath.

Through this radio communication method, a avalanchelike Funkkontaktauf¬ be avoided exception. The radio contact recording will rather spatially ziel¬ directed instead. They can be designed as a multi-path propagation or targeted Einwegeausbreitung depending rulings. making procedures in this Funkverbin¬ must the source participant only the position identifier of Zielteil¬ be known policyholder.

The position identifier of a destination subscriber is again renewed donor action after re Funksignal¬ or modified and pushed the Übermittlem and the source participant in an already switched radio connection.

In the inventive process addressing, in a Relais¬ radio network are composed of a network node-specific addressing portion and a site-specific addressing proportion.

The invention also supports existing radio links to mobile and be¬ wegten network participants. When the moving network subscriber is achieved in an initial radio contact, it is located at the same time, because a position identifier or guide number is also transmitted protocol standard in radio communications. this makes possible to calculate the network subscribers developments of position identifications or conductivities or extrapolate and the radio connection by the Leitzah¬ lenadressierung the next Ortlage of the target subscriber to steer.

The problem of the movement of the network subscriber and the possible related er¬ ford variable correcting the radio link can be avoided that the network subscriber has a telecommunication device that consists of a statio¬ nary relay and a mobile terminal so. In this case, the relay could be provided with the position identifier and close the radio link path to the terminal despite movement of the terminal individually. Thus, the relay would always as a stationary contact point for wireless connections in the sense of a home relay.

Finally, it is emphasized that the previously purely arbitrary ge selected embodiments of assigning a position identification serve merely for discussing the teaching of the invention, but do not limit to .these embodiments.