Machine and method for rehabilitating a track

A foundry construction machine (1) is composed of a frame part (5, 7) which is front in relation to the working direction and a rear frame part (5, 7) connected to one another by a joint (6). In addition, a reference system (15) is provided for controlling at least one working unit (8) arranged on the machine frame (3). The reference system (15) located on the front frame part (5) consists of a reference straight line (16) running between two gear units (2) in the machine longitudinal direction and a measuring axis (17) that can roll on the track with a relative movement between the reference straight line (16) running in the transverse machine direction. and measuring device (18) detecting the measuring axis (17). In addition, an angle measuring device (21) is provided for detecting an actual frame angle enclosed by both frame parts (5, 7).

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DVR 0078018

AT 409 979 B

The invention relates to a track construction machine, with a machine frame supported on chassis, which is composed of a front frame part and a rear frame part connected to one another by a joint with respect to the working direction, as well as a reference system located on the front frame part for controlling at least one working unit arranged on the machine frame, The reference system is formed from a reference straight line running in the longitudinal direction of the machine and a measuring axis that can roll on the track with a measuring device detecting the relative movement between the reference line and the measuring axis in the transverse machine direction, as well as a method for acquiring measured track values.

From GB 2 268 021 A, a ballast cleaning machine formed from two frame parts connected to one another in an articulated manner is known. A laser reference system is used to detect the longitudinal inclination of the track in the area of ​​the front frame part in order to be able to control the height of the working units located on the second frame part by means of this measurement. For this purpose, a laser transmitter is provided that is permanently held in a horizontal position. A laser receiver is arranged on the front rail running gear of the first frame part, which is used to detect the longitudinal inclination of the first frame part by referring to the horizontal laser reference plane. The longitudinal inclination value calculated by an algorithm is transmitted with a time delay to a further laser receiver located on a clearing chain on the second frame part, in order to be able to control the height of the clearing chain.

Furthermore, from GB 2 268 529 A, a ballast cleaning machine is known in which a longitudinal and a slope measuring device is attached to both a first and a second frame part. The longitudinal inclination of the track measured in the area of ​​the first frame part is stored as a setpoint value and transmitted with a time delay to control the height of a clearing chain. For this purpose, the actual inclination recorded by the longitudinal inclinometer of the second frame part must be taken into account. To control the height of the clearing chain, a cable potentiometer is provided between the second frame part and the clearing chain.

AT E 16 295 B shows another track construction machine made up of two frame parts. Their reference system has two measuring chords and several measuring axes or probes, and extends over the entire machine.

A track straightening machine is known from US 3,604,359 A. This has an upstream measuring carriage which is connected to the machine via a boom. The data of the old track position recorded in this way - also with the help of protractors - are used to control a subsequent track straightening unit.

Finally, from US Pat. No. 4,867,068 A, a track renewal machine is known. During work, this machine, which has two frame parts that are articulated to one another, only drives with its foremost chassis on the track; the following chassis are designed to be independent of the track. To control a sleeper depositing device, drives and angle measuring devices are provided in the area of ​​the frame joint. The original track position is not measured.

The object of the present invention is to create a track construction machine of the generic type with which, with the aid of simple means, a relatively precise restoration of the track position destroyed by the use of working units is possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention with the track construction machine described at the outset in that an angle measuring device is provided for the detection of an actual frame angle enclosed by both frame parts.

This design creates the possibility with relatively little construction effort to measure the actual track position immediately before it is destroyed and to use the angular relation of the rear frame part in relation to the front frame part, which is permanently located on the actual track position, to determine the actual track position for the Reproduce control of working aggregates. It is based on the knowledge that in the locus corresponding to the actual track position to be formed by the measured track values, the theoretical target position of the rear frame part can easily be calculated. Since the actual position of the rear frame part can also be determined via the angle measuring device, the displacement values ​​required to control the working units can be calculated very easily and reliably by forming the difference.

Advantageous further developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the

AT 409 979 B

Drawings.

In the following the invention is described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing.

Show it:

1 shows a simplified side view of a track construction machine for cleaning ballast beds with a reference system measuring a lateral position error of the track for controlling working units,

2 shows a coordinate system with a locus curve formed by arrow height measurement, FIG. 3 shows a further track construction machine suitable for track renewal, and FIG. 4 shows a schematically simplified representation of an angle measuring device.

The machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a machine frame 3 supported on running gears 2 on rails. This is composed of a front frame part 5 in relation to the working direction (arrow 4) and a rear frame part 7 connected to it via a hinge 6. Various working units 8 in the form of a clearing chain 9 and a track lifting device 10 are located on the rear frame part 7. The working units 8 can be adjusted relative to the rear frame part 7 by drives 11. The ballast picked up from the track bed by the endless clearing chain 9 is transported via a conveyor belt 12 of a screening plant, not shown for the sake of simplicity, to a screening wagon coupled to the rear frame part 7, where it is cleaned and via a conveyor belt arrangement 13 to restore the track bed to a track 14 or an exposed subgrade is thrown off.

On the front frame part 5 there is a reference system 15 for detecting lateral position errors in the actual track position. This reference system 15 is composed of a reference straight line 16 which runs in the longitudinal direction of the machine and is arranged centrally with respect to the transverse direction of the track and is formed from a steel chord, a measuring axis 17 which can be rolled on the track 14 and a measuring device 18 connected to it. This consists of a linear potentiometer that can be displaced in the cross-machine direction to detect the relative displacement between the measuring axis 17 and the reference straight line 16. The measuring axis 17, which can be rolled off via flange rollers 19 on the track 14 and attached to the frame part 5, is driven in the cross-machine direction against one of the two rails of the track 14 via a drive (not shown) pressed in order to be able to follow the exact lateral course of the track with the elimination of a track play. A distance measuring device 20 is provided to record the distance covered by the machine 1. An angle measuring device 21 is provided in the area of ​​the joint 6 to detect an actual frame angle β (FIG. 2) enclosed by both frame parts 5, 7 - with respect to a plane running horizontally or parallel to the wheel contact points of the chassis 2. If the detection of the track elevation is also desired in parallel to the detection of the track lateral position, an additional arrangement of an angle measuring device 21 is required for detecting an elevation angle enclosed between the two frame parts 5, 7 with respect to a vertical plane.

A coordinate system visible in FIG. 2 shows on the x-axis the track path x recorded by the distance measuring device 20 of the machine 1 and on the y-axis the lateral position deviations (alignment errors) of a locus 22 representing the actual track position of the reference system 15 on the front frame part 5 measured arrow heights f, the named locus 22 of the track 14 can be approximated in connection with a polygon 23 shown in dash-dotted lines.

The pivot distance between the two front chassis 2, which are used to support the front frame part 5, is 12 meters. The measuring axis 17 is located in the middle between the two undercarriages 2, so that the arrow height measurement takes place at intervals of 6 meters (results in a polygon length of 6 m). The pivot spacing between the two rear bogies 2 supporting the rear frame part 7 is 24 meters, which means that the development of corresponding arithmetic formulas for determining the control variables for the working units 8 is considerably simplified. Before starting work, a machine length (that is 36 meters) should already be measured up to the place of work, so that a locus 22 (FIG. 2) is already present with the five arrow heights f resulting therefrom. The joint 6 of the two frame parts 5, 7 is due to the geometry mentioned in the locus 22 exactly at y₃, a front pivot of the machine frame 3 at y₅. A rear pivot of the rear frame part 7 is denoted by, β shows the one enclosed by the two frame parts 5, 7 and by the angle 3

AT 409 979 B measuring device 21 recorded actual frame angle. a₂ shows the target frame angle enclosed by the theoretical target position of the rear frame part 7 with the front frame part 5 in the form of a slope (k₂).

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the reference system 15 is used to continuously record the heights of the arrows L, f while the machine 1 is moving forward₂, f₃... at intervals of 6 meters. As soon as a total of five arrow heights f within the machine frame 3 are known, the locus 22 can be approximated on the basis of the polygon 23. The position of the machine 1 is calculated into this locus 22, the joint 6 being exactly at y₃ is located. Since the front frame part 5 is always on the actual track position, both the joint 6 and the front pivot pin 24 lie on the locus 22. Another known variable is the length of the rear frame part 7. simply calculate the theoretical target position (indicated by the dashed line 26) of the rear frame part 7, in which the rear pivot pin 25 must lie on the locus 22.

From the theoretical target position of the rear frame part 7, the target frame angle Δα enclosed with the front frame part 5 can be determined, which is expediently specified in the form of a gradient (k). The actual frame angle β that can be detected by the angle measuring device 21 is also expediently indicated as the slope Ay / Δχ. The deviation or Incorrect position of the rear frame part 7 in relation to the theoretical target position can be determined by calculating the difference between the actual frame angle β and the target frame angle Δα or the actual and target incline (k ^ k₂) of the rear frame part 7 can be specified. The lateral deviation from the desired position, for example in the case of the rear pivot pin 25, is then obtained simply by multiplying the difference in pitch by the machine length. By appropriately acting on the drive 11, compression takes place relative to the rear frame part 7 until the working unit 8 is in the target position (corresponding to the actual position that existed before the working units 8 were used) to restore the track measured in the front frame part 5. Actual location is located.

The calculation formula is discussed in more detail below.

The following formulas result for the y values ​​of the locus 22: yi = 2 · f, y₂ = 2 (2f, + f₂) y₃ = 2 (3ή + 2f₂ + f₃) y₄ = 2 (4L + 3f₂ + 2f₃ + f₄) y₅ = 2 * (5f, + 4f₂ + 3f₃ + 2f₄ + f₅)

The following formulas result for the gradient difference Ak = Ay / Δχ (exactly when a new arrow height is measured at 6m):

Ak (Δα) = k₂ (a₂) - k-ι (a ·,) = Jil - —_— =

2s s 2s s = length of front frame part 5, 2s = length of rear frame part 7.

When driving on between two measured arrow heights f, the following formulas are used for interpolation (x = distance, each from 0-6m):

y '₃ = y₃ + 2x y ^ -ys s y '₅ = 2 (5Γ + 4f₂ + 3f₃ + 2f₄ + f '₅ (x))

Ak = ³/'3~²/ 5 2s

So that the slopes are independent of the unit, the arrow heights, the chords and the location must be used in the same unit, eg in [m], in the calculation formulas.

AT 409 979 B

In Fig. 3, a further embodiment of a machine 1 is shown, which is suitable for track renovation. For the sake of simplicity, functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference symbols as in FIG. 1. A machine frame 3 is also designed in two parts, a front frame part 5 being connected to a rear frame part 7 by a hinge 6. The front frame part 5 is equipped with a reference system 15, a reference straight line 16 and a measuring axis 17 for detecting the lateral position of a track 14. An angle measuring device 21 is provided on the joint 6. The rear frame part 7 is supported at the rear end via a crawler chassis 27 on a leveled ballast bed 28. A leveling device 29 adjustable in height and laterally as well as a device 34 for depositing new sleepers 30 are provided as working units 8. Another device 31 serves to accommodate old sleepers 32. To restore the track position, it is also possible to apply drives 33 used to steer the crawler undercarriage 27 as a function of the control variable determined with the aid of the reference system 15 and the angle measuring device 21, since with the steering of the crawler undercarriage 27, the working units 8 can also be centered automatically.

The angle measuring device 21 shown simplified and enlarged in FIG. 4 has a cable potentiometer 35 arranged in the area of ​​the joint 6 and connected to both frame parts 5, 7 in order to detect an actual frame angle (β) enclosed with respect to a horizontal plane. In order to combine the twisting of the two frame parts 5, 7 with respect to one another, a cable potentiometer 36 which extends in the vertical direction and is connected to both frame parts 5, 7 is provided.

In an embodiment variant, the reference straight line 16 could of course also be formed in the form of a laser beam. Likewise, instead of a joint 6 for connecting the two frame parts 5, 7, a normal carriage coupling could also be used.