Stretcher

© Start of patent term: December 15, 1971 Longest possible duration:

© Issued on: August 25, 1972 © Inventor:

© dependence:

OE 301015

Pamphlets considered to delineate the prior art:

FR-PS 1 356 926 US-PS 3 418 670 - 2 -

Nr.301015

The picking up of injured persons on the ground for transport to the hospital as well as these

Transportation itself has always been a difficult problem. Doctors agree that one

Injured as possible to stay in the position and attitude in which he has been found until one

Expert the carriage allowed. Picking up and changing the attitude of injured people can be⁵ namely cause severe additional injuries, such as vertebral fractures and fractures, which also carries the risk of a complicated fracture. At least three, but preferably four trained, helpers are required to pick up an injured person without any danger of injuring him. Nevertheless, it can not be avoided that the injured person is displaced on the stretcher and the transport causes additional, often serious injuries.

It is known a stretcher, which is aimed at picking up an injured person from the ground and bring it to the treatment table without the injured person changing his position substantially. This stretcher uses a band of flexible material which is rolled up into a cylinder with two drawstrings. It can be brought under the injured by placing the roll under the head or feet and then rolling it under the injured person. There is no shift .5 between the tape and the injured. However, this known device causes a certain up and down movement of the injured as a result of moving under the body of the injured enlang moving the initially quite thick role. In addition, the injured must be taken by tightening and lifting the stretcher. It is inevitable that the fastener sags, which is a considerable disadvantage for the transport of the injured. Finally, to use this stretcher, the injured person must be accessible on both sides.

In another known device, an endless carrier tape is guided on two parallel guide rollers arranged in a frame and the frame carries further parallel guide rollers for guiding a drive belt which supports the carrier on the support surface. By operating a crank, the drive belt is driven via a gear ratio so that the stretcher is pushed under the patient. At the same time, the carrier tape is driven by friction between the support and drive belt so that upon movement of the frame in the longitudinal direction of the fastener tape, an oppositely directed movement of the fastener tape is effected relative to the frame. In this known arrangement, there is a great risk that the strap sagged down and thus the patient is at risk.

The invention relates to a stretcher with an endless strap of flexible material, ¹⁰ which is guided on at least two parallel guide rollers arranged in a frame, wherein the frame carries further parallel guide rollers for guiding a drive belt, which supports the carrier on the support surface and further a drive mechanism is provided by which the two belts are driven at the same rotational speeds, so that upon movement of the frame in the longitudinal direction of the fastener tape an oppositely directed movement of the fastener tape is effected relative to the frame. In such a> 5 stretcher sagging of the tape should be avoided, which is achieved in that between the guide rollers of the fastener tape a solid support plate is provided, one of the guide rollers of the fastener tape and one of the guide rollers of the drive belt me ​​mechanism directly by the drive are driven at the same peripheral speeds.

In operation, the stretcher according to the invention is brought as a whole by the drive mechanism under the body of the injured, wherein the rigid support plate is brought under the body by the movement of the fastener tape relative to the frame, without a movement of the body takes place relative to the ground. Consequently, for example, an already begun mouth-to-mouth resuscitation need not be interrupted during the transfer to the stretcher. The body is thus brought to the support plate in exactly the same condition in which it was found. Any support pillows, garments and the like. The stretcher can be brought into the treatment room as a whole, and the injured person can be placed on the treatment table, still in the same position, by carrying out the described movement in the opposite direction as it was found. Even laymen are able to carry and transport an injured person with the stretcher according to the invention without any risk of harming the injured person. It is obvious that this is a great advantage, since now, in traffic accidents, the injured person in the position in which he is lying can be transferred on a firm basis from an endangered to a safe place and one does not need to wait until one Expert has assessed the transportability. In addition, this action can be performed by a layman.

At one end of the frame, two parallel, abutting drive rollers may be provided, between which are guided both the carrier belt and the drive belt, which rollers are drivable so that their peripheral speeds are equal. In this case, each roller axle can carry a sprocket over which a drive chain, which is also guided via a drive sprocket wheel, is guided.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In order to explain the movement conditions, FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C schematically show a stretcher in various positions, FIG. 2 shows a side view of a stretcher according to the invention in an embodiment in the diagram, FIG.

No. 301015 on a larger scale a detail of the embodiment of Figure 2, the Figure 4 is a larger scale another detail of the stretcher of Figure 2 again, Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the stretcher after

Figure 2 and Figure 6 is a perspective view of the stretcher from a side viewpoint

Fig.2.

The stretcher according to Fig.lA to IC consists of a frame -1- with a fixedly connected support plate -2-. At the front end of the stretcher is on the frame -1- a leadership -3- for a

Stored tape. At the rear end of the stretcher -1- a guide roller - 4- for the band and a roller -5- are provided on the frame -1-. The roller -5- is driven by a pinion -6- and a crank -7-. The frame -1- is supported with the roller -5- and a runner -9- on the floor -8- u.zw. in such a way that the roller -3- located at the front end of the stretcher is just lifted off the ground. To the rollers -4 and 3- an endless belt -10- is led.

When the roller -5- is driven in the direction of the arrow -1-, the roller moves -4- and thus the band -10- in the direction of the arrow -12-. When the rollers -4 and 5- have the same diameter, the peripheral speeds of the roller -5-, the roller -4- and the belt -10- are the same. Thus, once the roller -5- is driven, the frame -1- moves to the right in the direction of the arrow -13-, while the band -10- moves with respect to the frame -1- to the left in the direction of the arrow -14 - moved over the support plate -2-. Thus, if the front roller -3- passes under an object to be lifted from the ground, it is transferred to the support plate -2-, without changing its position relative to the ground. There is no displacement of the belt -10- with respect to the lower side of the article -15-. The tape is, as it were, undone under the item -15-. In exactly the same position, in which the object -15- and its parts are with respect to the soil, the same is brought with the band -10- as an intermediate layer on the support plate -2-. If the object is a human, then it is transferred to the stretcher without changing the position of the body.

Fig. 1B shows the position in which the article -15- is partially placed on the support plate -2-. Fig.lC shows the position in which the object is completely on the support plate -2-. Now, when the pulley -5- is decoupled from the pulley -4-, the whole frame -1^:- Are moved relative to the ground, without the position of the object -15- on the support plate -2- changes. Of course, the frame -1- can also be repealed and offset.

To lift the object -15- of the support plate -2- the movements described above are carried out in the opposite direction.

2 shows a side view of a schematic section through an advantageous embodiment of the invention.

The lanyard -10 '- is guided over a front, small guide roller -16- and located at the other end of the support guide roller -17- and a drive roller -18-. A drive belt 19 is guided over a front guide roller -20- and a drive roller -21-. Under the lanyard -10'- there is a support plate -22-. On the axes of the rollers -18 or 21- gears -23 and 24- mounted, which are driven by a chain -25-, which is guided over a tension pulley -26- and is driven via the gear -27- by means of the crank -28-.

The rollers -16, 17, 18, 20, 21- and the gears -26 and 27- are arranged in a suitable, not shown in this drawing, also carrying the support plate frame. The frame also carries a number of horizontal support rollers -29- which support the whole on the floor.

As shown in Figure 5, the frame has two side members -30, 31- on which the support rollers -29- are mounted. These longitudinal members -30 and 31- are arranged between two longitudinal members -32 and 33-, respectively, which carry the guide roller -16- at their front ends. This guide roller 16 is in practice a combination of a number of short, individually supported rollers to maintain the required rigidity.

The side members -32 and 33- wear at the head of the stretcher each have a mounting plate -34-, on which the rollers -21 and 18- are mounted. Further, these plates carry a frame -35-, on which the drive gear -27- is mounted with the crank -28-. Finally, the roller -17- is attached to two sliding pieces -36, 37-, with the help of the lanyard -10- can be tightened.

The device works in the following way (s.Fig.2, 3 and 4).

When the crank is rotated in the direction of the arrow -38- the chain -25- moves in the direction of the arrow -39- and drives the roller -18- in the direction of the arrow -40- and the roller -21- in the direction of the arrow -41-. The lower side of the drive belt -19- moves in the direction of the arrow -42- and the upper side in the direction of the arrow -43-.

The lower side of the lanyard -10'- moves in the direction of the arrow -44- and the upper side of the band -10'- moves in the direction of the arrow -45-. It will thus be seen that the same movement is carried out as in FIGS. 1A to 1C: the frame moves to the right and, since the diameters of the rollers -18 and 21- and the pinions -23 and 24- are equal, moves the band - 4 -

No. 301015 -10'- with an equal speed with regard to the frame to the left. The effect does not need to be further described.

3 and 4 show on a larger scale the position at the drive end and the front end of the

Sluggish. These drawings clearly show how the bands are guided over the guide rollers.

It should also be noted that the stretcher can also be equipped with a lift-off wheel system, so that a displacement is possible without the treadmill is in contact with the ground. Further, the stretcher may be provided with a suitable shielding, for example to receive and transport radioactive contaminated patients.

The drive belt may also be composed of two narrow, adjacent belt parts, each looped over a separate drive roller and driven both synchronously and individually. This measure makes it possible, when the drive mechanism consists of a remote-controlled electric motor system, for example, to move and control the stretcher in the manner of a tracked vehicle. It is conceivable that this gives the possibility to remove wounded from a minefield with a remote-controlled and electrically driven stretcher according to the invention, in particular because the weight of the

Wear is distributed over a large area and the low surface pressure does not trigger the detonator.