Rope winch

edge discs, wherein at least another edge disc is provided between the lateral edge discs in order to divide the winding area into at least two partial winding areas, the rope being directed through said edge disk to at least two partial winding areas.

[0002] Typically, in cable winches, problems arise in winding up when the cable drum has a large number of turns next to each other and the rope is to be coiled into multiple layers on top of each other. The problem is exacerbated here in particular when the rope is to be wound up with little or no pretension. If the more or less loosely wound rope bundle is suddenly subjected to higher tensile forces on the rope, as may occur, for example, during demolition or dismantling work, the loose rope bundle may be displaced, with the rope tending to cut between the underlying layers of the coils. This problem is common in ocean applications as well, as many thousands of meters of ropes often have to be wound and unwound here. A badly jammed rope in the worst case causes damage to the rope, which then needs to be replaced. In addition, there is a danger that the lifting process cannot be completed and that complex aids will have to be implemented.

[0003] The reason for possible jamming of the rope between the underlying layers of the rope is also the fact that tolerances in the thickness of the rope to be wound must be taken into account for the turns of the rope on the rope drum. The pitch of the grooves on the rope drums should be adapted to the possible tolerances of the rope, with a certain play between the rope being wound and the pitch of the winch so that the rope sections fit next to each other during winding, this play being affected by rope thickness tolerance, rope winch pitch tolerance and rated play. In commercially available ropes, the tolerance of the rope diameter is about 2-4% of the nominal diameter, so the stroke on the winch drum must account for about 5% of the nominal rope diameter. Although ropes with small rope diameter tolerances are available on the market, they are expensive and not available everywhere. Accordingly, the rope gap between the turns may vary depending on the tolerance of the rope diameter, the rope slots being added up by the individual turns, so that for the aforementioned tolerances and rope thicknesses typical for cranes with a number of turns of about 40 it is possible that the maximum total size of the slit may exceed the thickness of the rope. Accordingly, it can happen that the highly taut rope in the next layer of turns dislocates the layers beneath it, or the said rope gets wedged between the sections of turns lying beneath it.

[0004] Moreover, the aforementioned coil problems are also influenced by the angle of the rake or the entry of the rope with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drum. The more obliquely the rope leaves or overlaps the winch, the greater the tendency to skew and problems with coils.

[0005] Therefore, in order to avoid or alleviate the problems mentioned, for very long rope lengths, a rope drum with a very large diameter is usually chosen so that, with a limited number of turns next to each other, it is still possible to wind and unwind large rope lengths. However, this results in structurally heavy cable drums which are relatively expensive to manufacture. In addition, in the case of large drum diameters, the tension of the rope and the diameter of the drum and the resulting levers inevitably result in high winch gear moments, which result in high loads and wear.

[0006] Document DE 20 2005 011 277 U1 proposes a cable winch of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the winding area is divided into a plurality of partial winding areas, gradually wound up. Between the edge plates, which delimit the entire curl area in a manner known per se, approximately in the middle there is another edge disc which divides the curl area into two partial curl areas. By means of the wire rope worm channel along said distal edge disk, the rope can be guided by the edge disk in order to wind the rope onto the second partial winding area after being wound onto the first partial winding area.

[0007] By means of such a division of the winding area of ​​the rope drum, the previously explained winding problems can be significantly reduced, correspondingly to which the rope is the side shields. However, the rope lengths intended to be wound are ultimately limited, since with correspondingly longer rope lengths more divisions would have to be made, which would nevertheless result in greater lengths or widths of the drum, for which an increasingly oblique angle of attack of the rope to the front ends of the rope drum in the lateral partial winding areas would cause ever greater lateral forces on the windings of the rope. [0008] Document CN 102285603 proposes an axial displacement of the drum during winding so that the angle of attack of the rope against the drum is as simple as possible. For this purpose, the axis of the drum is connected to a spindle gear, in which the spindle rotating synchronously with the axis of the winch is twisted in the spindle nut, whereby the cable winch is adjusted according to the angle of rotation and pitch of the spindle gear.

[0009] cable, diameter.

US 6,811,112 B1 further discloses a variable drum onto which cables can be wound. A variable diameter cable is guided by a rope guide onto the drum, the rope guide being axially adjustable with respect to the drum by means of a spindle drive.

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved cable winch of the initially mentioned type which avoids the drawbacks of the prior art and develops it in an advantageous manner. In particular, the aim is to safely avoid winding problems such as jamming of the rope between the sections of coils lying beneath it, even with very long rope lengths up to several thousand meters also in the absence or very little pre-tension of the rope or a highly variable tension on the rope, without having to reconcile to excessive drum diameters, heavy winch weight and the resulting high torques.

[0011] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a cable winch according to claim 1 and claim 7. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In addition to dividing the winding area into a plurality of partial winding areas, it is proposed to move the rope drum and / or the transverse rope guide arranged in front of the rope drum transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lead-in / out-feed approximately in the longitudinal direction of the drum.

[0013] Preferably, the angular position of the rope drum is adjusted with respect to at least one axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the drum in order to keep the skew angle of the rope to be wound / unwound in the various partial winding areas. The axial and / or angular position of the rope drum and / or the axial position of the rope guide in front of the rope drum shall be matched to the partial winding area to be wound / unwound. [0014] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the rope drum is axially adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the drum, the rope introduction control device for adjusting various axial positions of the rope drum is provided to wind / unwind at least two different partial winding regions of the rope drum. When the rope on one side of the dividing edge disk is wound / unwound, the cable drum is moved to a different axial position than when the cable is wound / unwound at the other side of said edge disk.

As an alternative or in addition to the axial displacement of the rope drum, the rope inlet guide, which may be provided for guiding the lead-in / out-feed in front of the rope drum, can be adjusted axially in the longitudinal direction of the drum with respect to the rope drum in order to guide the lead-in / out-feed into the rope drum. different axial positions when the rope is wound / unwound in different partial winding areas of the rope drum. [0016] The axial adjustment of the rope drum and / or the cable guide in the longitudinal direction of the drum can then be more or less exactly parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, however, in an alternative development of the invention, an adjustment path more or less inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of the drum may be provided. as long as the adjusting motion includes a component in the longitudinal direction of the drum. In an advantageous development of the invention, said adjustment path is straight or linear and substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, so as not to adversely affect the rope length or to have to compensate for it in a complicated manner when displaced transversely.

[0017]

In addition to such an axial displacement, the cable drum may be pivoted and / or tilted at least one transverse axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the drum to bring the cable drum to different tilt and / or tilt positions when the rope is wound / unwound in different partial winding areas of the drum. cable car. By pivoting or tilting the rope drum in the case of different lead-in directions or during winding up in different partial winding areas of the rope drum, the otherwise formed skew rope guidance can be compensated or reduced. At the same time, the space requirement for repositioning the winch can be minimized, as tilting or swiveling can be done in the smallest of spaces. When the rope on one side of the dividing edge disk is wound / unwound, the cable drum is tilted to a different angular position than when the rope is wound / unwound at the other side of said edge disk.

[0018] Advantageously, the cable drum can hereby be bi-axially tilted or tilted from a differently directed transverse axis in order to be able to compensate or reduce skewed guidance of the rope for different directions of cable entry. In particular, the cable drum can be tilted about the tilt axis and tilted about the tilt axis, the tilt axis and the tilt axis being at least approximately perpendicular to each other and correspondingly extending at least approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the drum. The pivot axis and the pivot axis need not intersect in this case, but, in an approximately rectangular or transverse arrangement, they can also be offset in different, preferably parallel, planes, depending on how the tilting and pivoting capability is realized. The multi-axis ability to tilt and swivel the rope drum is especially advantageous when the lead-in / out-feed changes not only transversely to the rope drum, but also in terms of the circumferential angle, i.e. the rope entry point on the rope drum can lie in different angular sectors, such as this is the case, for example, when the crane boom on which the inlet pulley is mounted moves with respect to the winch, in particular swinging up and down. Due to the multi-axis ability to tilt and swivel the rope drum, it is possible to compensate or reduce skewing of the rope with respect to the rope drum irrespective of the circumferential extent in which the rope enters the drum.

By displacing the rope drum axially and / or by guiding the rope inlet in the longitudinal direction of the drum, in a further development of the invention, the angular range of the rope drum can be divided not only into two partial winding regions, but also into three or four or any number of partial windings. winding areas, thanks to which the winch is able to wind and unwind almost any length of ropes, while maintaining the desired winding parameters. In particular, in the case of the displacement of the winch itself, only the winch has to be moved further according to the division of the winding area when the partial winding area is fully wound or unwound without having to alter other geometrical parameters of the unwound or coiled rope or causing unintentional transverse pull on the rope.

[0020] The possibility of adjusting the rope drum transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rope can be realized in substantially different ways. For example, the cable drum can be adjusted in the desired direction by the lever guide and the like. In an advantageous development of the invention, however, the cable drum is supported on the opposite end sections by correspondingly one bearing carriage, the bearing carriage being substantially slidably mounted parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drum. The sledge guide of the cable drum allows easy movement and, at the same time, stable transmission of even high bearing forces.

[0021] Said one-sided parts of the bearing sled in principle could be connected to each other and form part of a common sliding sled which is slidable in the desired manner in the sliding guide. In an advantageous development of the invention, the bearing carriage, which is provided at the opposite end sections of the rope drum, can be displaced independently of one another or held axially relative to each other only by the rope drum. Due to such an independent design of the bearing sleds, at opposite ends, it is possible to mount and move the rope drum at the opposite ends and to move the rope drum without stress. This prevents the winch plate from being stressed too much due to heat, component tolerances and deformations due to pulling forces on the rope. At the same time, the side elements of the bearing sleds can be slidably mounted on a common or through-sliding guide. Alternatively, separate sliding guide sections can also be provided, so that each of said side parts of the bearing sled is slidably held on its own sliding guide.

[0022] For the adjustment of the rope drum in a development of the invention, an adjustment drive is provided which can be connected to one of said parts of the bearing sled in order to be able to move the rope drum back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the drum. The abovementioned actuating drive can in this case be substantially designed differently, for example having a compressed-fluid cylinder or other actuating elements, such as a spindle drive, for example.

[0023] The possibility of adjusting the angularity of the rope drum can be realized in substantially different ways. For example, bearing plates or bearing sleds between which the cable drum is located and on which opposite end sections of the cable drum are rotatably mounted, may be pivoted about the tilt axis and / or tilted about the yaw axis so that the tilting or tilting of the rope drum can be caused by an appropriate displacement of the bearing shields or the bearing carriage. In this case, simple swivel bearings can be provided between the bearing plates and the ends of the rope drum. The bearing washers can be connected to one another and, for example, constitute an approximately U-shaped bearing support which is pivotally and pivotably mounted. [0024] As an alternative or in addition to pivoting and / or tilting mounting of the bearing shields, the desired tilting and / or tilting of the rope drum can be achieved by corresponding movement of the rope drum with respect to the bearing shields. For this purpose, for example, one of the end sections of the cable drum can not only be rotatably but also pivotally or pivotally mounted on the respective bearing plate or bearing carriage, for example by means of a suitable pivot bearing. The opposite end section of the rope drum can thus be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum by means of at least one suitable adjusting drive in relation to the longitudinal direction of the drum in order to achieve the desired tilting or yawing movement. Here, for example, setting elements in the form of setting cylinders can be used. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be fitted with an eccentric, which can be integrated with the bearing carriage, so that by turning the eccentric, the respective end of the rope drum is displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum.

[0025] When the entry / exit of the winding / unwinding rope of the various partial winding regions is controlled transversely by the cable entry guide, such a cable entry guide can be substantially differently shaped. In an improvement of the invention, said rope inlet guide may comprise a deflection pulley axially adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the drum. Depending on which partial winding area is to be wound / unrolled in terms of an angle, the deflection roller is adjusted in relation to the rope drum.

[0026] As an alternative or in addition to such an axially adjustable rope deflection pulley, the cable entry guide may also have axially adjustable rope transverse guide means which may advantageously be disposed between said rope deflection pulley and the cable drum. In this case, preferably, said rope deflection roller, especially when this rope deflection roller is axially stationary, can be pivoted so that said rope deflection roller is guided to the rope transverse guide means. In particular, the rope deflection pulley can be mounted hingedly or cardanically at the rope inlet / outlet, so that the rope deflection pulley can follow the oblique guidance that is created by shifting said transverse rope guiding means and that less wear occurs at the sides of the rope sheaves.

[0027] The axial displacement of the cable winch and / or the cable entry guide can be substantially differently adapted to the winding / unwinding of the various partial winding regions or controlled depending thereon. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the axial displacement of the cable winch and / or the cable entry guide can be continuous or almost continuous, i.e. increasing in small strokes, preferably depending on the rotation of the drum and the pitch of the windings. Said axial adjustment may in fact be carried out continuously, with the speed of the axial displacement being matched to the speed of rotation of the drum and the pitch of the coils, so that the cable runs or is always precisely guided in front of the given winding / unwinding section of the coils. Alternatively, such a continuous axial displacement can also be approximated in an increasing or gradual manner, e.g. a 720 ° rotation, the cable drum and / or the cable entry guide were axially positioned slightly further away.

[0028] Alternatively, however, it can be provided that for each partial winding area only a limited number of axial positions of the rope drum and / or the rope entry guide are set.

[0029] When more than just one axial position is provided for the partial winding area, for example with continuous or stepwise axial adjustment depending on the rotation of the drum and the winding pitch, the rope entry control device for the different partial winding areas may have different axial setting areas. the different axial setting regions may be shaped differently for the axial displacement of the rope drum and / or the rope entry guide, especially without overlapping. For winding up / unwinding the first partial winding area of ​​the cable drum, the cable drum and / or the cable entry guide may be brought into axial positions that differ from the axial positions where the cable drum and / or the cable entry guide are inserted when it winds up or unwinds. another partial curl area.

[0030] In an advantageous development of the invention, a recording device for recording the angle of the entry of the cable can be provided, the cable entry control device controlling the cable drum and / or the cable entry guide depending on the signal of said recording device.

[0031] In an advantageous development of the invention, said recording device and / or the further recording device can record the position of the rope in relation to the rope drum, in particular the position which indicates the passing or crossing of the boundary of the partial winding area and / or the intermediate edge disc that separates. Such a recording device can for example be a gear cam limit switch, but also differently configured. When a breach of a dividing edge disk or a partial boundary of the winding area is detected, the control device of the cable winch, in an advantageous development of the invention, can reduce the rotational speed of the cable drum to a predetermined value in order to achieve a transition from one part winding area to another partial winding area without significant rope wear.

[0032] In a development of the invention, the cable winch, in addition to said cable drum divided into different partial winding regions, may comprise a further cable drum which can serve as an auxiliary winch. In an advantageous development of the invention, the second cable drum can be attached to the first cable drum and / or can be axially displaceable together with the first cable drum. Alternatively or additionally, the second, additional cable drum may be formed axially adjustable with respect to the aforementioned first cable drum.

[0033] The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments and the associated drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1: top view of the cable winch of a crane according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cable drum being divided into two partial winding areas and schematically showing the winding into both partial areas, the cable drum being axially slidably shaped by means of a sledge. ,

Fig. 2: top view of the cable winch according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable drum is divided into three part winding areas, winding onto a central part winding area is shown and the cable drum is sled to slide in the longitudinal direction ,

Fig. 3: a top view of a cable winch similar to Fig. 1 according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the rope deflection pulley is axially displaceable, the rope deflection pulley being shown in different positions for winding the different partial winding areas.

Fig. 4: top view of the cable winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable entry guide has axially adjustable cable transverse guide means interposed between the cable drum and the cable pulley, said rope transverse guide means being shown in different positions for winding of various partial winding areas of the rope drum,

Fig. 5: top view of the cable winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable winch comprises two cable drums which can be used as the main winch and the auxiliary winch and together are adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the drum.

Fig. 6: top view of the cable winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable winch comprises two cable drums which can be used as the main winch and the auxiliary winch and are mutually and relative to each other adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the drum.

Fig. 7: a top view of the crane cable winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of partial winding regions and pivotable about a tilt axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the drum, both views of Fig. 7a and

Fig. 8:

Fig. 9:

Fig. 7b shows different tilting positions, a view of the hoist rope winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of partial winding regions and pivotable about a tilt axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the drum, the partial view of Fig. 8a shows a top view of the cable drum and a partial view of fig. 8b show a side view of the cable drum, a top view of the crane cable winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable drum is divided into two or more partial winding regions and is angularly adjustable, namely pivotally about the tilt axis. and pivot about the yaw axis, where the yaw axis and yaw axis run in perpendicular directions, view of the crane rope winch according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, in which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of partial winding regions and in the angular position - similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 9 - is bi-axially adjustable, namely pivoting about the tilt axis and pivoting about the yaw axis, where - contrary to the embodiment according to Fig.

the cable drum is pivotable and pivotable relative to the fixed bearing plate and connected to two adjusting elements acting in perpendicular directions, the partial view of Fig. 10a showing a top view of the cable winch and the partial view of Fig. 10b a side view of the winch cable car, and

Fig. 11: a view of a crane cable winch according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of partial winding regions and bi-axially adjusted in angular position, one end of the drum being pivoted to change the angle of the cable drum and the other ending the ends of the drum are adjusted by the eccentric across the longitudinal direction of the drum.

The cable winch 1 shown in the figures comprises a cylindrical cable drum 2, on the front sides of which are provided edge plates 4 and 5 extending radially to the axis 3 of rotation of the cable drum, between which the winding area 6 of the cable drum 2 is defined. In a manner known per se, bearing and / or driving pins 7 can be provided on the rope drum 2 in the form of axially projecting shaft end pins with which the cable winch 1 can be integrated into the crane of a crane and the like and mounted in a longitudinally slidable manner, as explained in the rest of the text.

[0035] The side surface of the rope drum 2, as shown in figure 1, is provided with side grooves 8 which extend helically on the outside of the rope drum 2 to guide the rope to be coiled, more specifically the first layer of rope over the rope drum 2.

[0036] As shown in figure 1, the winding area 6 of the rope drum 2 is divided by another boundary disk 9 which rests on the rope drum 2 between the two end face plates 4 and 5 and also extends radially into two partial areas 10 and 11. coiling. In the embodiment shown, the additional edge disk 9 is marked in the center between the two front edge plates 4 and 5, but depending on the circumstances, in a typical winding of the rope, it can be moved to one or the other edge disk 4 or 5. It is also clear that the winding area 6 the rope drum 2 can be divided by a plurality of additional edge discs 9 into more than two partial winding regions. In typical crane crane applications, the problem of the lifting rope getting wedged between the layers of coils can be effectively eliminated, however, by just one additional edge disk, so that one additional edge disk 9 is sufficient.

1 and 2 show, as the device 12 for guiding the rope through the edge disk 9, it is provided with a cable-guiding channel 13 which is made in the side surface of the edge disk 9 in the shape of a groove or a groove. The aforementioned cable guide channel 13 has ends or openings extending in both partial winding areas 10 and 11, i.e. on both sides of the peripheral disk 9 so that it leads from the first part winding area 10 to the second part winding area 11.

The cable guide channel 13 is in this case completely screw-shaped. Its inlet 14 facing the first partial winding area 10 lies at the height of the uppermost layer of the windings, i.e. the rope 16 only enters the inlet 14 when it overlaps the edge plate 9 when the first partial winding area 10 is completely wound up and the line is completely wound up. the highest layer of turns overlaps the boundary shield

9. When dividing the winding area 6 into only two partial winding areas, the first winding partial winding area 10 is the one in which the point of attachment of the rope 16 to the rope drum 2 is provided.

When the rope 16 enters the inlet 14 after complete winding of the first partial winding region 10, during further winding it is automatically directed by the guide channel 13 to the other side of the edge disc 9. The rope guide channel 13 lying therein opens into the inlet 14. the second partial winding area approximately at the height of the lateral surface of the rope drum 2, i.e. the rope runs gently directly at the height of the first layer of coils and directly onto the rope drum

2. The slope of the cable guide channel 13 in the radial direction thus smoothly bridges the height difference between the uppermost winding layer of the first winding partial area 10 and the lowest, i.e. first winding layer in the winding partial area 11.

During further winding on the rope drum 2, the partial unwinding area 11 is completely wound up, in the opposite direction, the rope 16 empties the second until further unwinding from the channel, then the second partial winding area 11 is wound up until it is full and until the rope is retained. In the first winding process, the rope guide 13 will be made and the unwound end will be guided through the edge disk 9 into the first partial winding area 10, so that this one can be unwrapped.

[0041] As shown in Fig. 1, the cable drum 2 can be moved in an axial direction, i.e. almost parallel to the axis 3 of rotation of the drum or relative to the longitudinal direction of the drum. The side bearing plates on which the rope drum 2 is mounted with driving pins 7 constitute bearing slides 17 and 18 which are slidably slidably mounted on the guide 19, for example in the form of a T-rail profile. As can be seen in Fig. 1, in an advantageous manner both bearing slides 17 and 18 can be moved longitudinally independently of each other and are only held axially relative to each other by the rope drum 2. This avoids overstressing of said bearing plates or bearing sleds 17 and 18.

In order to be able to control the longitudinal displacement of the rope drum 2, an adjustment drive 20 can be connected to one bearing carriage 17, which, according to the embodiment shown, can, for example, be designed as a cylinder with a pressure means, moving one of the bearing carriage 17 in the axial direction S. The seat of the rope drum is suitably shaped like that of a fixed bearing and a sliding bearing, the fixed bearing being axially adjusted by the said adjusting drive 20. [0043] The displacement of the axial drum 2 in the axial direction can be controlled substantially differently, while in an advantageous development of the invention the control is at least arranged such that the deflection angle α of the rope 16 leaving or entering the rope drum 2 does not exceed a predetermined limit, and preferably is kept within 1.5 °. Depending on the geometrical conditions of the rope winch 1, in particular the distance between the pulley 21 of the rope and the rope drum 2 and the number of grooves 20 for the rope of the partial winding area 10 or 11, it may be sufficient to set a fixed axial position of the rope drum 2 with respect to each winding part 10 and 11 for each winding area 10 and 11. pulley 21 of the rope. However, in an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that a plurality of axial positions are commanded for winding up or unwinding the partial winding area 10 and 11 in order to keep the deflection angle α of the rope 16 sufficiently small. The axial positions of the rope drum 2 with respect to the rope deflection pulley 21 are advantageously changed for each winding partial area 10 and 11 within a given control area, the adjustment areas for the different partial winding areas being differently designed and, in particular, may not overlap.

[0044] According to an advantageous development of the invention, the rope drum 2 can also be adjusted somewhat continuously in terms of increasing steps as a function of the rotation position of the rope drum 2 and the inclination of the rope grooves 2, in order to keep the abovementioned deflection angle a as small as possible. As an alternative or in addition to adjusting the axial position of the rope drum 2, the aforementioned deflection angle? Alone can also be taken into account. For this purpose, it can be monitored or determined by a suitable measuring device, for example in the form of a limit switch or other sensors. The actuator 20 may be controlled depending on the measured yaw angle [alpha] to keep said yaw angle [alpha] within a predetermined range or to a desired value. [0045] When, after winding of the partial winding area 10, the border disc 9 which delimits this partial winding area 10 is crossed by the cable 16, for this purpose the rotational speed of the cable drum 2 can advantageously be reduced in order to minimize wear on the sides of the cable guide channel 13. Alternatively or additionally, the rope drum 2 may be moved in an axial direction in which said deflection angle a is minimal or close to zero, so that the rope 16 runs precisely straight into the rope guide channel 13 of the edge disc 9, as can be seen in Fig. 1. .

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the cable drum 2 can also be divided into more than two partial winding areas, where according to the embodiment according to Fig. 2, two additional edge disks 8 and 9 may be provided between the end side side disks 8 and 9. 9 and 23 to divide the curl area 6 into three partial curl areas 10, 11, and 22. In principle, any number of partial winding regions can be provided in order to at least theoretically be able to accumulate an infinitely long rope and nevertheless maintain the desired winding parameters, in particular a limited number of turns, a limited number of layers and a limited angle of deflection. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 is subdivided into a plurality of partial winding regions that in one partial winding region fewer than 40 windings can be wound side by side and fewer than eight layers on top of each other, the axial displacement of the cable drum 2 and / or the guide of the inlet 24 of the cable is so steered that the maximum angle of deflection ot does not exceed 1.5 °.

As can be seen in Fig. 3, as an alternative or in addition to the axial displacement of the rope drum 2, it is also possible to adjust the rope inlet guide 24 almost parallel to the axis 3 of rotation of the drum. The rope inlet guide 24 may here comprise a rope deflection pulley 21 which can be shifted axially slidably in the longitudinal direction S in the aforesaid manner, wherein an adjusting drive 20, for example in the form of a cylinder with a pressure medium, is able to shift the rope deflection pulley 21. The control of the axial adjustment and winding of the rope drum 2 can furthermore be carried out analogously to the previously described embodiment, so that reference can be made to it.

As can be seen in Fig. 4, the lateral displacement of the cable entry guide 24 can also be caused by the cable transverse guide means 25, which can be placed between the pulley 21 of the cable and the cable drum 2 and guide the cable 16 transversely. Said rope transverse guide means may for example comprise two deflection pulleys between which the rope 16 runs. As can be seen in Fig. 4 the cable transverse guide means can be moved axially almost parallel to the axis 3 of rotation of the drum, the setting drive 20 being connected to said cable transverse guide means, for example formed by a cylinder with a pressure means. [0049] In order for the rope deflection pulley 21 to self-align and adapt to a given axial position of the rope transverse guide means 25, said rope deflection pulley 21 may advantageously be mounted pivotally, e.g. 4 depending on which axial position is occupied by the cable transverse guide means.

As shown in Fig. 5, the cable winch system may also include two cable drums 2 and 26, of which the first cable drum 2 may be subdivided into a plurality of sub-winding regions 10 and 11 as previously described. The second cable drum 26 can also be appropriately subdivided into a plurality of partial winding regions, but may also, as shown in Fig. 5, in an advantageous development of the invention have only one winding region 6. Of the two cable drums 2 and 26, one can be used as the main winch and the other as the auxiliary winch. In an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 can be attached to the cable drum 26 and / or a joint sliding arrangement for the two cable drums 2 and 26 can be provided, so that the two cable drums 2 and 26 can be moved axially together, i.e. .

substantially parallel to axis 3 of rotation of the rope drum. Corresponding to the previously described embodiments, an adjustment drive 20 can also be provided here, which, for example, can be connected to one of the bearing carriage 17 of the winch system.

[0051] As can be seen from Fig. 6, the two cable drums 2 and 26 can also have different drum lengths or widths. For example, cable drum 26 having only one winding area may be shaped wider than cable drum 2 divided into different partial winding areas.

In order to be able to use both cable drums 2 and 26 simultaneously, it can be provided in an advantageous development of the invention that in addition to the axial displacement of the cable drums 2 and 26, an axial displacement of the inlet guide 24 for the cable is additionally provided by means of a sledge and an adjustment drive 20. which can be configured for the embodiment according to figures 3 and 4, can have an axially displaceable rope deflection pulley 21 and / or additional rope transverse guide means, which are axially adjustable. Due to the double axial displacement in a way, thanks to the counter-rotating displacement, it is possible to feed the rope with the desired small deflection angles a for both rope drums and to control the transition from one partial winding area to the other partial winding area.

Furthermore, in a development of the invention, provision can also be made for an axial displacement of the cable drums 2 and 26 relative to each other.

As can be seen in Fig. 7, the above-mentioned yaw angle α of the rope 16 leaving or entering the rope drum 2 in spite of a plurality of partial winding regions can be made small and the rope drum 2 can be tilted about the inclination axis 30. Said inclination axis 30 here extends transversely to the longitudinal direction S of the drum and preferably at least approximately perpendicular to the inlet direction of the rope 16, so that skewing of the rope with respect to the rope drum can be eliminated or minimized by tilting the rope drum. As shown in FIG. 7, said tilt axis 30 can in this case run almost parallel to the mounting plane of the cable winch 1. The possibility of adjusting the angularity of the rope drum 2 can here be achieved by properly mounting the side bearing plates 17 and 18. As can be seen in Fig. 7, the bearing plate 17 can be pivoted in relation to said tilt axis 30, while the opposite bearing plate 18 is adjusted by an adjusting drive 32, for example in the form of an adjusting cylinder, so that the cable winch 1 can tilt with respect to the tilt axis 30, as shown in the comparison of figures 7a and 7b.

As can be seen in Fig. 8, the cable drum 2 may also be tilted with respect to the tilt axis 31, the tilt axis 31 mentioned therein being substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum and may extend in the center region of the rope drum, such that when pivoting the rope drum 2, its ends perform similar movements. The said tilt axis 31 preferably also extends at least approximately perpendicular to the direction of the cable entry 16, cf. FIG. 8b. [0056] The tilting of the cable drum 2 as shown in Fig. 8b may be obtained by a suitable tilting suspension of the side bearing plates 17 and

18. Said bearing plates 17 and 18 may be mounted on a base support 34 which is pivotably mounted about said tilt axis. By means of a suitable tilting drive 33, the base carrier 34 and hence the cable drum 2 can be tilted as desired.

As can be seen in figure 9, the tilting of the embodiment according to figure 7 and the tilting of the embodiment according to figure 8 can also be interconnected, in particular so that the tilt axis 30 and the tilt axis 33 point in directions transversely to each other. Such a biaxial angular adjustment of the rope drum 2 is advantageous in particular when the rope entry to the rope winch 1 is variable, i.e. the incoming / outgoing rope 16 deviates from or is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drum so that the rope inlet / outlet point moves in the circumferential direction. This is the case, for example, in cranes which have their own pendulum boom on which the entry pulley is mounted, so that when swinging up and down the crane boom, the direction of the entry of the cable varies in the manner mentioned.

As can be seen in Fig. 9, the bearing plates 17 and 18 of the cable drum 2 similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 7 are pivotally mounted about the tilt axis 30 or connected to a corresponding tilt drive 32, the pivoting being provided relative to the base carrier 34. which again, similar to the embodiment of Figure 8, is pivoted about a tilt axis 31 and actuated by the tilt drive 33. As an alternative to such tilting of the bearing plates, the angular adjustment of the cable drum 2 can also be achieved by the movement of the cable drum 2 relative to the bearing plates, as shown in figures 10 and

11. According to FIG. 10, a bearing plate 17 can be provided rigidly attached to which the rope drum 2 is mounted at its ends to rotate and pivot or pivot. This is possible, for example, with a pendulum bearing 35 with a spherically bulging bearing shell. The cable drum 2 can be tilted multi-axially with respect to said bearing plate 17. In order to control this multi-axis tilting, two actuators are provided at the opposite end of the rope drum 2, which have the operating directions substantially perpendicular to each other and allow the rope drum 2 to be displaced at this end correspondingly perpendicular to the longitudinal direction S of the drum. One setting drive is hereby the tilt drive 32, while the other setting drive is the tilt drive 33, whereby the cable drum 2 can both be tilted and tilted about the tilt and tilt axes 30 and 31 in the manner mentioned above. As can be seen from FIG. 11, a change in the angularity of the rope drum 2 can also be achieved by an eccentric mounting. In this case, similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 10 one end of the rope drum 2 'may be pivoted and pivotally or pivotally mounted on a rigid bearing plate 17. The opposite end of the rope drum 2 is rotatably mounted on an eccentric 36 which is also adjustable with respect to the also rigidly mounted bearing plate 18. Said eccentric 36 can here be a rotatable eccentric plate which is rotatably mounted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drum in said bearing plate 18. By turning the eccentric 36, said end of the rope drum 2 can be moved so as to obtain a tilting or deflection of the rope drum 2 with respect to the axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the drum. A suitable actuating drive can be provided to adjust said eccentric, where, as an actuating drive, for example an electric motor, it can drive said eccentric via a gear gear.

[0061] The tilting and / or pivoting of the axle drum 2 can be controlled substantially differently, while in an advantageous development of the invention the control is at least arranged such that the yaw angle α of the rope 16 leaving or entering the cable drum 2 does not exceed a predetermined limit and preferably it is kept within the t range of 1.5 °. Depending on the geometrical conditions of the rope winch 1, in particular the distance between the pulley 21 of the rope and the rope drum 2 and the number of the rope grooves 20 of the partial winding area 10 or 11, it may be sufficient for each winding partial area 10 and 11 to be set to a constant angular position of the rope drum 2 or . the tilt axis 30 and / or resp. tilt axle 31. However, in an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that a plurality of angular positions are commanded for winding up or unwinding the partial winding area 10 and 11 in order to keep the deflection angle α of the rope 16 sufficiently small. The inclination or tilting positions of the rope drum 2 with respect to the rope deflection pulley 2 are advantageously changed for each winding partial area 10 and 11 within a given adjustment area, the adjustment areas for the different partial winding areas being differently shaped and, in particular, may not overlap. .

[0062] According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 can also be tilted or pivoted somewhat continuously in terms of increasing steps as a function of the rotation position of the cable drum 2 and the inclination of the cable grooves 2, in order to keep said angle of deflection [alpha] as low as possible. of the angular position of the rope drum 2, it is also possible to take into account the aforementioned angle of deflection a. For this purpose, it can be monitored or determined by a suitable measuring device, for example in the form of a limit switch or other sensors. The tilt drive 32 and / or the tilt drive 33 can be controlled depending on the measured yaw angle a to keep said yaw angle a within a predetermined range or a desired value.

[0063] When, after winding of the partial winding area 10, the border disc 9 which delimits this partial winding area 10 is crossed by the cable 16, to this end the rotational speed of the cable drum 2 may advantageously be reduced in order to minimize wear on the sides of the cable guide channel 13. Alternatively or additionally, the rope drum 2 may be tilted or pivoted so that said deflection angle a is minimal or close to zero such that the rope 16 runs precisely straight into the rope guide channel 13 of the edge disc 9, as can be seen in Fig. 1. Advantageously, the rope drum 2 can also be tilted or pivoted so that the rope moves away from the edge plates or end plates.

Said tilting or tilting of the rope drum may possibly be combined with an axial displacement of the rope drum and / or the rope deflection pulley.

Liebherr-Components Biberach GmbH

Proxy:

PO'.SPRV | CE

Kancelaria Rzeczników Patentowych sp. I oo

ul. BluszczańsKa 73 00-712 WARSAW

<img file="PL2807108T3_D0001.tif" />

Eng. Mario Łozinsta re: niK ​​j&gt; at &lt;: ntowy

43P38068PL00

EP 2 807 108 B1