Rope winch

0001The present invention relates to a cable winch, in particular hoisting winch, with a cable drum, the winding region of which is delimited by two lateral flange plates, wherein at least one further flange plate is provided between the lateral flange plates, at least two partial winding regions, Is guided into the at least two partial winding regions.

0002Winding problems usually occur on cable winches when the cable drum has a large number of windings next to each other and the rope is to be wound up in several layers one above the other. The problem intensifies in this case in particular if the cable is to be wound up without or with only slight cable pretension. If a rope pack that is more or less loose is suddenly subjected to higher cable pull forces, as can occur, for example, in demolition or dismantling work, the loose winding package can be displaced, the cable being prone to incline between underlying winding layers. This problem is also intensified for applications in the deep sea area, since rope lengths over several thousand meters must often be wound up and unwound. In the worst case, a heavily incised rope leads to the destruction of the rope, so that it must be replaced. There is also the risk that the lifting process can no longer be completed and that complex aid measures must be initiated.

0003The background of the possible incision of a cable between underlying cable layers is also the fact that for the windings of the cable on the cable drum, thickness tolerances of the cable to be wound are to be taken into account. The groove pitch on the rope drum has to be adapted to the possible rope tolerances, whereby a certain play is necessary between the rope to be wound and the winch pitch so that the rope sections adjoin each other during the winding process . In the case of commercially available ropes, the tolerance of the rope diameter is about 2-4% of the nominal diameter so that the slope on the wind drum must take into account approximately 5% of the nominal diameter of the rope. Tighter tolerances for the core diameter are offered on the market, but are expensive and not available everywhere. Accordingly, the cable gap lying between the windings can vary depending on the tolerance of the rope diameter, whereby the rope gaps add up over the windings, so that the maximum tolerances of the windings can be as high as the windings , Can be exceeded. Accordingly, it can be displaced by a cable taut in the next winding layer, that the underlying layers can be displaced or the cable can cut between two winding sections lying underneath. Accordingly, the cable gap lying between the windings can vary depending on the tolerance of the rotor diameter, whereby the cable gaps add up over the windings, so that with the above-mentioned tolerance ranges and the windings which are customary for hoists, , Can be exceeded. Accordingly, it can be displaced by a cable taut in the next winding layer, that the underlying layers can be displaced or the cable can cut between two winding sections lying underneath. Accordingly, the cable gap lying between the windings can vary depending on the tolerance of the rotor diameter, wherein the cable gaps add up over the windings, so that the maximum tolerance of the windings can be that of the windings , Can be exceeded. Accordingly, it can be displaced by a cable taut in the next winding layer, that the underlying layers can be displaced or the cable can cut between two winding sections lying underneath. So that in the case of the above-mentioned tolerance ranges and the rope thicknesses customary for lifting mechanisms, the number of windings with a winding number of about 40 may be such that the maximum added-up gap dimension can exceed the seal thickness. Accordingly, it can be displaced by a cable taut in the next winding layer, that the underlying layers can be displaced or the cable can cut between two winding sections lying underneath. So that in the case of the above-mentioned tolerance ranges and the rope thicknesses customary for lifting mechanisms, the number of windings with a winding number of about 40 may be such that the maximum added-up gap dimension can exceed the rope thickness. Accordingly, it can be displaced by a cable taut in the next winding layer, that the underlying layers can be displaced or the cable can cut between two winding sections lying underneath.

0004Furthermore, the mentioned winding problems are also influenced by the angle of run-out or the angle of incidence of the cable to the drum longitudinal axis. The slighter the cable runs off the cable winch or runs up onto the cable winch, the greater the tendency to transverse shifts and winding problems.

0005In order to avoid the aforementioned problem or to mitigate this problem, a rope drum with a very large drum diameter is usually selected for very large rope lengths in order to be able to coax and co-operate large rope lengths alongside one another when the number of windings is limited. However, this results in structurally heavy rope drums, which are relatively expensive to manufacture. Moreover, in the case of large drum diameters due to the cable pull and the drum radius as well as the lever arm dissipating therefrom, inevitably high torques occur in the winch transmission which lead to corresponding loads and wear.

0006The font <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="DE202005011277U1"><text>DE 20 2005 011 277 U1</text></patcit> Proposes a cable winch of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the winding region is subdivided into several partial winding regions, in which the cable is successively wound up. Between the side flange plates, which delimit the entire winding area in a manner known per se, an additional flange plate is arranged approximately centrally, which divides the winding area into two partial winding sections. The cable can be guided over the flange plate via a helical cable guide channel on the said further flange plate in order to wind the cable in the second partial winding region after winding the first partial winding region.

0007With such a subdivision of the winding region of the cable drum, the winding problems described above can be significantly de-emphasized. However, the windable cable lengths are also limited in this case, since, given correspondingly higher cable lengths, a greater number of subdivisions would have to be carried out, which in turn would lead to large drum lengths or widths in which the end of the cable drum in the side subwinding regions always ends Sloping inlet angles of the rope would lead to ever greater transverse forces on the cable winding.

0008The font <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="CN102285603"><text>CN 102285603</text></patcit> It proposes to axially adjust the cable drum during winding so that the angle of entry of the cable is as straight as possible on the drum. For this purpose, a drum axis is connected to a spindle transmission in which a spindle rotating synchronously with the winding axis is rotated in a spindle nut, whereby the cable winch is axially adjusted according to its angle of rotation and the pitch of the spindle drive.

0009From the <patcit id="pcit0003" dnum="US6811112B1"><text>US 6,811,112 B1</text></patcit> A cable drum is also known, on which diameter-changing cables can be wound up. The cable, which varies in diameter, is guided onto the drum via a cable guide, whereby the cable guide can be adjusted axially to the drum by means of a spindle drive.

0010The object of the present invention is to provide an improved winch of the type mentioned at the outset, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and advantageously develops the latter. In particular winding problems, such as the cutting of the cable between underlying winding sections, can be reliably avoided even with very large rope lengths of up to several thousand meters even in the case of missing or only slight cable pretension or greatly varying cable tension without this being caused by an excessive drum diameter, high winding weight and, Torques.

0011According to the invention, this object is achieved by a winch according to claim 1 and claim 7. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

0012It is proposed, in addition to the division of the winding region into several partial winding regions, to move the cable drum and / or a transverse cable guide arranged in front of the cable drum transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the incoming / outgoing cable approximately in the longitudinal direction of the drum.

0013Preferably, the cable drum is adjustable in its angular position relative to at least one transverse axis transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum in order to keep the angle of incline of the incoming / outgoing cable small in the different partial winding regions. The axial and / or angular position of the rope drum and / or the axial position of the cable cross-guiding in front of the rope drum is adapted to the partial winding region to be wound / unwound.

0014According to a first aspect of the present invention, the rope drum is axially adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the drum, wherein a rope inlet control device is provided for setting different axial positions of the rope drum for winding / unwinding the at least two different partial winding regions of the rope drum. If the cable is wound / unwound on the one side of the dividing flange, the cable drum is moved in a different axial position than when the cable is wound / unwound on the other side of the said dividing flange.

0015Alternatively or in addition to an axial adjustment of the cable drum, a cable inlet guide, which can be provided for guiding the incoming / outgoing cable in front of the cable drum, can also be adjusted axially relative to the cable drum in the longitudinal direction of the drum in order to guide the incoming / outgoing cable section in different axial positions , When the rope is wound / unwound into different partial winding sections of the rope drum.

0016The axial adjustability of the cable drum and / or of the cable inlet guide in the longitudinal direction of the drum can be more or less exactly parallel to the drum axis of rotation, but an altering embodiment of the invention can also provide a more or less strongly inclined displacement path for the drum rotation axis Drum longitudinal direction. In an advantageous further development of the invention, the said adjustment path is designed to be straight or linear and is oriented substantially parallel to the drum axis of rotation, in order to avoid unintended effects on the cable length in the case of a transverse adjustment or to compensate for such complications.

0017In addition to such an axial adjustment, the cable drum can be designed to be tiltable and / or pivotable about at least one transverse axis transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum in order to bring the cable drum into different tilting and / or pivoting positions when the cable winds / unwinds into different partial winding areas of the cable drum becomes. By tilting or pivoting the rope drum, an oblique run of the rope which otherwise arises in various cable inlet directions or during the winding of different partial winding sections of the rope drum can be compensated or reduced. At the same time, the space requirement for the adjustment of the winches can be minimized, since tipping or pivoting can be carried out in a small space. If the cable is wound / unwound on the one side of the dividing flange,

0018Preferably, the cable drum can be tilted and pivoted in a two-axis manner about differently oriented transverse axes in order to be able to compensate or reduce a diagonal run of the cable for various cable inlet directions. In particular, the cable drum can be tilted about a tilting axis and can be pivoted about a pivot axis, wherein the tilting axis and the pivot axis are at least approximately perpendicular to the drum longitudinal direction relative to one another. The tilt axis and the swivel axis need not intersect one another, but can also be arranged in mutually offset, preferably parallel planes, in a manner which is approximately perpendicular or transversely oriented, Such as tiltability and pivotability. A multiaxial tiltability or pivotability of the rope drum is particularly advantageous when the rope inlet / cable path varies not only transversely to the rope drum but also with respect to the circumferential angle, ie the entry point of the rope on the rope drum can lie in different angular sectors When a crane jib, on which the inlet roller is mounted, moves relative to the winch, in particular upwards and downwards. By means of a multi-axis tiltability or pivotability of the rope drum, a skew of the rope with respect to the rope drum can be compensated or reduced, regardless of the peripheral area in which the rope runs onto the drum. The pivotability of the rope drum is particularly advantageous when the rope inlet / cable path varies not only transversely to the rope drum but also with respect to the circumferential angle, ie the inlet point of the rope can lie on the cable drum in different angular sectors, as is the case, for example, A crane jib, on which the inlet roller is mounted, moves relative to the winch, in particular up and downwards. By means of a multi-axis tiltability or pivotability of the rope drum, a skew of the rope with respect to the rope drum can be compensated or reduced, regardless of the peripheral area in which the rope runs onto the drum. The pivotability of the rope drum is particularly advantageous when the rope inlet / cable path varies not only transversely to the rope drum but also with respect to the circumferential angle, ie the entry point of the rope on the rope drum can lie in different angular sectors, as is the case, for example, A crane jib, on which the inlet roller is mounted, moves relative to the winch, in particular upwards and downwards. By means of a multi-axis tiltability or pivotability of the rope drum, a slope of the rope with respect to the rope drum can be compensated or reduced, regardless of the peripheral area in which the rope runs onto the drum. The inlet point of the rope can lie on the cable drum in various angular sectors, as is the case, for example, when a crane jib, on which the inlet roller is mounted, moves relative to the winch, in particular up and down. By means of a multi-axis tiltability or pivotability of the rope drum, a slope of the rope with respect to the rope drum can be compensated or reduced, regardless of the peripheral area in which the rope runs onto the drum. The inlet point of the rope can lie on the cable drum in various angular sectors, as is the case, for example, when a crane jib, on which the inlet roller is attached, moves relative to the winch, in particular up and downwards. By means of a multi-axis tiltability or pivotability of the rope drum, a skew of the rope with respect to the rope drum can be compensated or reduced, regardless of the peripheral area in which the rope runs onto the drum.

0019By means of an axial and / or angular adjustment of the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide in the longitudinal direction of the drum, the winding area of ​​the cable drum can be subdivided into three or four or any desired partial winding sections The position of being able to wind up and unwind almost any length of ropes, while maintaining the desired winding parameters. In particular, in the case of a displaceability of the cable winch itself, only the cable winch has to be shifted further correspondingly to the division of the winding region if a partial winding region is completely wound or developed without other geometrical parameters of the running or

0020The adjustability of the rope drum transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rope can basically be implemented in various ways. For example, the cable drum could be adjustable in the desired direction via a guide bar or the like. In an advantageous development of the invention, however, the cable drum is supported on opposite end sections by a respective bearing block, the bearing blocks being mounted so as to be displaceable essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drum. A carriage guide of the rope drum allows a simple movement with simultaneously stable ablation and high bearing forces.

0021The abovementioned end bearing bearing part parts could basically be connected to each other and form part of a common slide slide, which can be displaced in a desired manner in a sliding guide. In an advantageous development of the invention, however, the bearing slides, which are provided on opposite end sections of the rope drum, can be displaceable independently of one another or are held relative to each other in the axial direction only by the rope drum. By means of such an independent design of the bearing slides at opposite ends, the rope drum can be stored and adjusted without tension in the manner of a fixed-loose bearing. The tensioning of the win- dow shields due to the influence of heat, component tolerances and deformations due to the cable pull forces are thereby prevented. In this case, the lateral bearing block parts can be mounted displaceably on a common, possibly through-going sliding guide. Alternatively, however, separate sliding guide sections may also be provided, so that each of the lateral bearing slide parts is held displaceably on its own sliding guide.

0022In a further development of the invention, an adjusting drive is provided for adjusting the cable drum, which adjusting drive can be connected to one of the abovementioned bearing slide parts in order to be able to move the cable drum back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the drum. Said adjusting drive can in this case be fundamentally different, for example a pressure medium cylinder or else comprise other actuators such as, for example, a spindle drive.

0023The adjustability of the angular orientation of the rope drum can basically be implemented in various ways. For example, the bearing plates or bearing slides, between which the cable drum is arranged and on which the opposite end sections of the cable drum are rotatably mounted, can be tilted about a tilting axis and / or pivoted about a pivot axis, such that tilting or pivoting of the cable drum By a corresponding adjustment of the bearing plates or bearing slides. Here, simple pivot bearings can be provided between the bearing plates and the ends of the cable drum. In this case, the bearing plates can be connected to each other and form, for example, an approximately U-shaped bearing block, which is mounted to be tilted or pivoted.

0024Alternatively or in addition to a tiltable and / or pivotable mounting of the bearing plates, the desired tilting and / or pivoting of the rope drum can be achieved by corresponding movement of the rope drum relative to the bearing guards. For this purpose, for example, one of the end sections of the rope drum can be mounted on the corresponding bearing plate or bearing slider not only rotatably but also in a tilting or tiltable manner, for example by a corresponding pendulum carrier. The opposite end section of the rope drum can be displaced with at least one suitable adjusting drive transversely to the drum longitudinal direction, relative to the bearing plate or bearing sling provided there, so that the desired tilting or pivoting movement of the rope drum takes place. In this case, for example, actuators in the form of adjusting cylinders can be used. Alternatively or additionally, a bearing can also be provided by means of an eccentric which can be integrated into the corresponding bearing plate or bearing slides in such a way that twisting of the eccentric leads to an adjustment of the corresponding cable drum end transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum.

0025If the incoming / outgoing cable for the winding / unwinding of the various partial winding regions is controlled in its inlet / outlet angle by a cross-feedable cable inlet guide, such a cable inlet guide can basically be designed differently. In a further development of the invention, said cable inlet guide can comprise a cable deflection roller axially adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the drum. Depending on which partial winding area is to be wound / developed, the cable deflection roller is adjusted relative to the rope drum.

0026Alternatively or in addition to such an axially adjustable cable deflection roller, the cable inlet guide can also comprise other axially adjustable cable cross guiding means, which can advantageously be arranged between the cable deflection roller and the cable drum. In this case, advantageously, the said cable deflection roller, in particular when this cable deflection roller is axially fixed, can be mounted so as to be oscillating in such a way that the said cable deflection roller aligns with the cable cross guiding means. In particular, the cable deflection roller can be mounted pivotally or gimbally at the inlet / outlet of the cable so that the cable deflection roller can follow the inclined train which is produced by the method of the cable cross guiding means, and less wear occurs on the rope roller flanks.

0027The axial adjustment of the cable winch and / or of the cable entry guide can in principle be adapted in different ways to the winding / unwinding of the different partial winding regions or can be controlled as a function thereof. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the axial adjustment of the cable winch and / or of the cable inlet guide can take place continuously or in an approximate manner continuously, ie incrementally in small steps, advantageously in dependence on drum rotation and winding pitch. The said axial adjustment can in this case in fact be carried out continuously, the speed of the axial displacement being adapted to the rotational speed of the drum and the pitch of the winch, So that the cable always runs or runs exactly before the winding section to be wound / unwound. Alternatively, such a continuous axial adjustment can also be approximated incrementally or stepwise, for example by virtue of the fact that, for example, the rope drum and / or the cable inlet guide is axially advanced a distance after each complete rotation of the rope drum or during every second rotation, ie rotation through 720 °.

0028Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that only a limited number of axial positions of the cable drum and / or the cable entry guide are set for each partial winding region.

0029If, for a partial winding range, more than one axial position is provided, for example in the case of continuous or stepwise axial adjustment as a function of the drum rotation and the winch pitch, the cable inlet control device can provide various axial adjusting regions for the different partial winding regions Can be different from one another, in particular can be overlapping. For the winding / unwinding of a first partial winding region of the cable drum, the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide can be brought into axial positions which differ from the axial positions in which the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide are brought,

0030In an advantageous development of the invention, a detection device for detecting the cable entrance angle can be provided, wherein the cable inlet control device controls the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide as a function of a signal of the said detection device.

0031In an advantageous further development of the invention, the said detection device and / or a further detection device can detect the position of the cable relative to the cable drum, in particular a position which indicates an overrun or overflow of the partial winding range boundary and / or the dividing intermediate disk plate. Such a detection device can, for example, be a geared cam limit switch, but it can also have a different design. If an overrunning of the dividing plate or of the partial winding range limit is detected, the control device of the cable winch can advantageously reduce the rotational speed of the cable drum to a predetermined degree in order to achieve the transition from a partial winding region into another partial winding region without appreciable cable wear.

0032In a further development of the invention, the cable winch may have, in addition to the aforementioned rope drum divided into different partial winding areas, a further rope drum which can serve as an auxiliary winch. In an advantageous development of the invention, the second cable drum can be placed on the first cable drum and / or can be mounted axially displaceably together with the first cable drum. Alternatively or additionally, the second, additional cable drum can be axially adjustable relative to the aforementioned first cable drum.

0033The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments and associated drawings. In the drawings:<dl id="dl0001"><dt>FIG. 1:</dt><dd>2 shows a top view of a cable winch of a lifting gear according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cable drum being subdivided into two partial winding regions, and the winding of the two partial regions being shown schematically, wherein the cable drum is axially displaceable via a slide, </dd><dt>FIG. 2:</dt><dd>A top view of the cable winch of a lifting gear according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to which the rope drum is divided into three partial winding regions, the winding of a middle partial winding region being shown, and the rope drum being longitudinally displaceable via a carriage,</dd><dt>FIG. 3:</dt><dd>A top view similar to the winch winch <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which a rope deflection roller is designed to be axially displaceable, the rope deflection roller being shown in different positions for the winding of different partial winding regions,</dd><dt>FIG. 4:</dt><dd>A top view of the cable winch of a lifting gear according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable inlet guide comprises axially adjustable cable transverse guide means arranged between the cable drum and the cable deflection roller, the said cable transverse guiding means being shown in different positions for the winding of different partial winding areas of the cable drum,</dd><dt>FIG. 5:</dt><dd>A top view of the cable winch of a lifting gear according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to which the cable winch comprises two cable drums which can be used as main winding and auxiliary winch and can be adjusted together axially in the longitudinal direction of the drum,</dd><dt>FIG. 6:</dt><dd>Is a plan view of the winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to which the winch comprises two rope drums which can be used as main winch and auxiliary winch and can be adjusted together and relative to one another axially in the longitudinal direction of the drum, </dd><dt>FIG. 7:</dt><dd>A top view of a cable winch of a lifting gear according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is subdivided into a plurality of partial winding sections and can be tilted about a tilting axis transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum; <figref idrefs="f0007">7a</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0008">7b</figref> Various tilting positions of the boom drum,</dd><dt>FIG. 8:</dt><dd>4 is a view of a cable winch of a lifting gear according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into several partial winding sections and can be pivoted about a pivot axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the drum; <figref idrefs="f0009">8a</figref> A top view of the boom drum and the partial view <figref idrefs="f0009">FIG. 8b</figref> A side view of the boom drum,</dd><dt>FIG. 9:</dt><dd>Is a top view of a winch according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the rope drum is divided into two or more partial winding areas and can be adjusted in its angular orientation in a two-axis manner, namely by tilting a tilting axis and pivoting about a pivot axis The pivot axis extend in mutually perpendicular directions,</dd><dt>FIG. 10:</dt><dd>7 shows a cable winch of a lifting gear according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is subdivided into a plurality of partial winding sections and, in its angular position, similar to the embodiment according to FIG <figref idrefs="f0010">FIG</figref> Can be tilted about a tilt axis and can be pivoted about a pivot axis, whereby - unlike the embodiment according to FIG <figref idrefs="f0010">FIG</figref> The cable drum can be tilted and pivoted in relation to a fixed bearing plate and is connected to two actuators which can be actuated in mutually perpendicular operative directions, the partial view <figref idrefs="f0011">10a</figref> A top view of the winch and the partial view <figref idrefs="f0011">10b</figref> A side view of the winch; </dd><dt>FIG. 11:</dt><dd>The cable drum is divided into a plurality of partial winding sections and can be adjusted in its angular position in a two-axis manner. For the angular adjustment, the cable drum of one of the drum ends is mounted so as to oscillate and the other of the drum ends is arranged transversely to the drum by means of an eccentric Longitudinal direction of the drum.</dd></dl>

0034DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The winch 1 shown in the figures comprises a substantially cylindrical rope drum 2, on the ends of which two flange discs 4 and 5 extending radially to the rope drum rotation axis 3 are provided, between which the winding region 6 of the rope drum 2 is defined. In a manner known per se, bearing and / or drive stubs 7 can be provided on the cable drum 2 in the form of axially projecting shaft stubs, with which the cable winch 1 can be installed in a lifting gear of a crane or the like and can be stored in a longitudinally displaceable manner .

0035The jacket surface of the rope drum 2, as shown in FIG <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> Is provided with cable grooves 8 which extend in the manner of a thread helically on the outer side of the cable drum 2 in order to guide the cable to be wound, more precisely the first seillage, on the cable drum 2.

0036As <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> The winding region 6 of the cable drum 2 is subdivided into two partial winding regions 10 and 11 by a further flange plate 9 which sits between the two front-side flange disks 4 and 5 on the cable drum 2 and also extends radially. In the embodiment shown, the additional flanged disc 9 is shown in the middle between the two front-side flange discs 4 and 5, but it can be displaced towards the one or other flange disc 4 or 5 depending on the circumstances in the usual cable reel. It is also understood that the winding region 6 of the cable drum 2 can be divided into more than two partial winding regions by several additional flange plates 9.

0037As the <figref idrefs="f0001">FIGS</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0002">2</figref> , A cable guide channel 13 is provided as a cable guide device 12 over the flange plate 9, the cable guide channel 13 being essentially groove-shaped or groove-shaped in the circumferential surface of the flange plate 9. Said cable guide channel 13 has, in this case, leading ends or mouths to both partial winding regions 10 and 11, .dh on both sides of the flange plate 9, so that it leads from the first partial winding region 10 to the second partial winding region 11.

0038The cable guide channel 13 is designed as a whole in the form of a helix. Its inlet 14, which faces the first partial winding region 10, is approximately at the height of the uppermost winding layer, ie, the rope 16 runs into the inlet 14 only when the first partial winding region 10 winds completely and the rope in the uppermost winding position The flange plate 9 runs. When the winding region 6 is subdivided into only two partial winding regions, the first wound partial winding region 10 is the one in which the attachment point of the cable 16 is provided on the cable drum 2.

0039When the cable 16 runs into the inlet 14 after complete winding of the first partial winding region 10, it is automatically guided by the cable guide channel 13 to the other side of the flange disk 9 upon further winding. In this case, the outlet 15 of the cable guide channel 13 opens into the second partial winding region 11 approximately at the level of the jacket surface of the cable drum 2, ie, the cable 16 runs directly onto the cable drum 2 directly at the level of the very first winding position. The slope of the cable guide channel 13 in the radial direction thus gently overcomes the height difference between the uppermost winding layer of the first partial winding region 10 and the lowermost, ie, first winding layer, in the partial winding region 11.

0040When further winding on the cable drum 2, the second partial winding region 11 is then wound until the latter is full and the rope is completely wound up. When the rope 16 is unwound, the second partial winding region 11 is initially loosened, until the rope 16 is unwound from the cable guide channel 13 during further unwinding, and the leading end is guided into the first partial winding region 10 via the flange plate 9, so that the latter is unwound Can

0041As <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> , The cable drum 2 can be moved in the axial direction, ie approximately parallel to the drum rotation axis 3 or to the drum longitudinal direction. The lateral bearing plates, on which the cable drum 2 is mounted with its drive stubs 7, form bearing slides 17 and 18, which are mounted on a carriage guide 19, for example in the form of a T-rail profile, so as to be longitudinally displaceable. As<figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> The two bearing blocks 17 and 18 can advantageously be displaced longitudinally independently, whereby they are held in the axial direction relative to one another only by the cable drum 2. As a result, tensions of the bearing plates or bearing slides 17 and 18 can be avoided.

0042In order to be able to control the longitudinal displacement of the cable drum 2, an adjusting drive 20 can be connected to one of the bearing slides 17, which can be designed, for example, as a pressure-medium cylinder and shift one of the bearing slides 17 in the axial direction S. The cable drum bearing is accordingly designed in the manner of a loose-mount bearing, the fixed bearing being axially adjustable by the aforementioned actuating drive 20.

0043The displacement of the cable drum 2 in the axial direction can in principle be controlled differently. In an advantageous development of the invention, the control is designed at least such that the deflection angle α of the cable 16 running from the cable drum 2 or entering it does not exceed a predetermined limit ≤ 1.5 °. Depending on the geometrical conditions of the cable winch 1, in particular the distance of the cable deflection roller 21 from the cable drum 2 and the number of rope grooves 20 of a partial winding region 10 or 11, it may be sufficient for each partial winding region 10 and 11 to have a fixed axial position of the cable drum 2 relative To the cable deflection roller 21. In an advantageous further development of the invention, however, it can also be provided that, Unwinding of each partial winding region 10 and 11, in each case several axial positions are approached in order to keep the deflection angle α of the cable 16 sufficiently small. The axial positions of the cable drum 2 relative to the cable deflection roller 21 are advantageously varied for each partial winding region 10 and 11 within a respective adjustment range, wherein the adjustment regions for the different partial winding regions can be differently designed, in particular overlap-free.

0044According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 can also be adjusted continuously or quasi-continuously in the sense of incremental steps as a function of the rotational position of the cable drum 2 and the pitch of the cable grooves 2 in order to keep the said deflection angle α as small as possible. Alternatively or additionally, the said deflection angle α itself can also be taken into account for the adjustment of the axial position of the cable drum 2. For this purpose, this can be monitored or determined by a suitable detection device, for example in the form of a limit switch or another sensor system. The actuating drive 20 can be controlled in dependence on the detected deflection angle α in order to keep the said deflection angle α within a predetermined range or at a desired value.

0045If, following the winding of a partial winding region 10, the flange disk 9 delimiting this partial winding region 10 is crossed by the cable 16, the rotational speed of the rope drum 2 can advantageously be reduced in order to minimize the wear on the cheeks of the cable guide channel 13. Alternatively or additionally, the cable drum 2 can be moved into an axial position in which the said deflection angle α becomes minimal or approaches zero so that the cable 16 runs exactly straight into the cable guide channel 13 in the flange plate 9 as shown in FIG<figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> Clarified.

0046As <figref idrefs="f0002">FIG</figref> , The cable drum 2 can also be divided into more than two partial winding regions, wherein, according to the embodiment shown in FIG <figref idrefs="f0002">FIG</figref> For example, two additional flanges 9 and 23 can be arranged between the end-side lateral flanges 8 and 9 in order to divide the winding region 6 into three partial winding regions 10, 11 and 22. In principle, any number of partial winding regions can be provided in order to at least be able to theoretically store an infinitely long cable and nevertheless to maintain the desired winding parameters, in particular limited winding number, limited number of layers and limited deflection angle. According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the cable drum 2 is subdivided into a plurality of partial winding sections in such a way that less than 40 windings are wound side by side and less than eight layers one above the other in a partial winding area, the axial adjustment of the cable drum 2 and /

0047As <figref idrefs="f0003">FIG</figref> As an alternative or in addition to the axial adjustment of the cable drum 2, the cable inlet guide 24 can also be adjusted axially parallel to the drum axis 3. In this case, the cable entry guide 24 can comprise a cable deflection roller 21, which can be displaced axially in the longitudinal direction S in the manner mentioned, wherein a positioning drive 20, for example in the form of a pressure medium cylinder, can provide a displacement of the cable deflection roller 21. A control of the axial adjustment and the winding of the cable drum 2 can otherwise be carried out analogously to the embodiment described above, so that reference may be made to this.

0048As <figref idrefs="f0004">FIG</figref> The transverse displaceability of the cable entry guide 24 can also be effected by means of cable cross guiding means 25 which can be arranged between the cable deflection roller 21 and the cable drum 2 and can lead the cable 16 transversely. Said cable transverse guide means 25 can, for example, comprise two deflecting rollers between which the cable 16 runs. As<figref idrefs="f0004">FIG</figref> , The cable cross guiding means 25 can be displaced axially parallel to the drum axis 3, wherein an adjusting drive 20 is connected to the aforementioned transverse cable guiding means 25, for example by a pressure medium cylinder.

0049In order that the cable deflection roller 21 can be self-aligned and can be adapted to the respective axial position of the cable transverse guide means 25, the cable deflection roller 21 can advantageously be pivoted, for example cardanic, so that the orientation of the pivot axis can change, <figref idrefs="f0004">FIG</figref>, Depending on which axial position the cable transverse guide means 25 occupies.

0050As <figref idrefs="f0005">FIG</figref> , The cable winch arrangement can also comprise two cable drums 2 and 26, of which a first cable drum 2 can be divided into several partial winding sections 10 and 11 in the manner described above. The second cable drum 26 can also be subdivided into a plurality of partial winding sections in a corresponding manner, but can also, as shown in FIG<figref idrefs="f0005">FIG</figref> In an advantageous development of the invention, comprise only one winding region 6. One of the two cable drums 2 and 26 can be used as the main winding and the other as an auxiliary hoist. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cable drum 2 can be placed on the cable drum 26 and / or a common, displaceable mounting can be provided for the two cable drums 2 and 26 so that the two cable drums 2 and 26 are arranged together in the axial direction, Can be displaced essentially parallel to the rope-drum rotation axis 3. In accordance with the previously described embodiments, a positioning drive 20 can also be provided here which can be connected, for example, to one of the bearing sleeves 17 of the winch arrangement.

0051As <figref idrefs="f0006">FIG</figref> The two cable drums 2 and 26 can also have different drum lengths or widths. For example, the cable drum 26, which has only one winding region, can be wider than the cable drum 2, which is divided into different partial winding regions.

0052In order to be able to use both cable drums 2 and 26 at the same time, it can be provided in an advantageous further development of the invention that in addition to the axial displaceability of the cable drums 2 and 26 by the carriage mount and the adjusting drive 20, an additional axial displaceability of the cable entry guide 24 is provided According to the design according to the <figref idrefs="f0003">FIGS</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0004">4</figref> And can have an axially displaceable cable deflection roller 21 and / or additional cable transverse guiding means 25, which are axially adjustable. By virtue of such a double axial displaceability, a rope inlet with the desired small deflection angles α for both cable drums can be realized by mutually displacing and the transition from one partial winding region into the other partial winding region can be controlled.

0053Furthermore, an axial displaceability of the cable drums 2 and 26 relative to one another can also be provided in a development of the invention.

0054As <figref idrefs="f0007 f0008">FIG</figref> The deflection angle .alpha. Of the cable 16 running from the cable drum 2 or entering it can also be kept small despite the fact that the cable drum 2 can be tilted about a tilting axis 30, despite several partial winding ranges. Said tilting axis 30 extends here transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drum S and advantageously at least approximately perpendicular to the direction of entry of the cable 16 so that a skew of the cable with respect to the cable drum can be eliminated or minimized by tilting the cable drum. As<figref idrefs="f0007 f0008">FIG</figref> , The said tilt axis 30 can extend approximately parallel to the fastening plane of the cable winch 1. The adjustability of the angles from the direction of the cable drum 2 can be achieved by appropriately supporting the lateral bearing plates 17 and 18. As<figref idrefs="f0007 f0008">FIG</figref> , A bearing plate 17 can be mounted so as to be tiltable about said tilting axis 30 while the opposing bearing plate 18 can be adjusted by an adjusting drive 32, for example in the form of an adjusting cylinder, such that the cable winch 1 can tilt about the tilting axis 30, <figref idrefs="f0007">Figures 7a</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0008">7b</figref> shows.

0055As <figref idrefs="f0009">FIG</figref> The rope drum 2 can also be pivoted about a pivot axis 31, wherein the said pivot axis 31 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the drum longitudinal axis and can extend in the region of the rope drum center, so that when the rope drum 2 pivots, Said pivot axis 31 extends advantageously likewise at least approximately perpendicular to the direction of entry of the cable 16, cf.<figref idrefs="f0009">FIG. 8b</figref>.

0056The pivotability of the rope drum 2, as shown in FIG <figref idrefs="f0009">FIG</figref> , Can be achieved by corresponding pivotal suspension of the lateral bearing plates 17 and 18. Said bearing plates 17 and 18 can be mounted on a base support 34 which is pivotally mounted about said pivot axis. By means of a corresponding pivot drive 33, the base carrier 34 and thus the cable drum 2 can be pivoted in the desired manner.

0057As <figref idrefs="f0010">FIG</figref> Shows the tiltability of the execution according to <figref idrefs="f0007 f0008">FIG</figref> And the swivelability of the design <figref idrefs="f0009">FIG</figref> Can also be combined with one another in particular in such a way that the tilting axis 30 and the pivot axis 33 are aligned in mutually transverse directions. Such a two-axis angular adjustability of the cable drum 2 is particularly advantageous when the cable inlet into the cable winch 1 is variable, ie the incoming / outgoing cable 16 is pivoted about the drum longitudinal axis or an axis parallel thereto so that the cable entry point / cable outlet point travels in the circumferential direction . This is often the case, for example, with cranes which have a rocking boom to which the inlet roller is attached, so that when the crane boom is lifted up and down, the cable inlet direction pivots in the manner mentioned.

0058As <figref idrefs="f0010">FIG</figref> , The bearing plates 17 and 18 of the cable drum 2 are similar to the embodiment <figref idrefs="f0007 f0008">FIG</figref> About a tilting axis 30, or is connected to a corresponding tilting drive 32, wherein the tiltability is provided with respect to a base carrier 34, which in turn is similar to the embodiment according to FIG <figref idrefs="f0009">FIG</figref> About the pivot axis 31 and can be actuated by a pivoting drive 33.

0059As an alternative to such pivotability of the bearing plates, the angular adjustability of the rope drum 2 can also be achieved by means of a mobility of the rope drum 2 relative to the bearing plates, as shown in FIG <figref idrefs="f0011">FIGS</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0012">11</figref> demonstrate. According to<figref idrefs="f0011">FIG</figref> A rigidly mounted bearing plate 17 can be provided on which the cable drum 2 is rotatably and tilted or tiltably mounted with one of its ends. This is possible, for example, by means of a pendulum carrier 35 with a spherically curved bearing shell. The cable drum 2 can be tilted in a multi-axis manner with respect to the bearing plate 17. In order to control this multi-axis tilting capability, two adjusting drives are provided on the opposite end of the cable drum 2, which actuators have essentially vertical directions of action and allow the cable drum 2 to be displaced perpendicularly to the drum longitudinal direction S at this end. One adjusting drive here forms a tilting drive 32, while the other actuating drive forms a pivot drive 33,

0060As <figref idrefs="f0012">FIG</figref> , An adjustment of the angular orientation of the cable drum 2 can also be achieved by means of an eccentric mounting. Here, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG<figref idrefs="f0011">FIG</figref> One end of the cable drum 2 can be rotatably and oscillatingly or tiltably mounted on a rigid bearing plate 17 which is rigid. The opposite end of the cable drum 2 is rotatably mounted in an eccentric 36, which is displaceable with respect to a bearing plate 18 which is also rigidly mounted. Said eccentric 36 can in this case form a rotatable eccentric disk which is rotatably mounted in the bearing plate 18 parallel to the drum longitudinal direction about an axis. By twisting the eccentric 36, the said end of the cable drum 2 can be adjusted so that a tilting or pivoting of the cable drum 2 about an axis transversely to the drum longitudinal direction is achieved. A corresponding adjusting drive can be provided in order to adjust the eccentric,

0061The tilting and / or pivoting of the cable drum 2 can in principle be controlled differently. In an advantageous development of the invention, the control is at least such that the deflection angle .alpha. Of the cable 16 running from the cable drum 2 or entering thereon does not exceed a predetermined limit, Advantageously ≤ 1.5 °. Depending on the geometrical conditions of the cable winch 1, in particular the distance of the cable deflection roller 21 from the cable drum 2 and the number of cable grooves 20 of a partial winding region 10 or 11, it can be sufficient for each partial winding region 10 and 11 to have a fixed angular position of the cable drum 2, Of the tilting axis 30 and / or with respect to the pivot axis 31. In an advantageous further development of the invention, however, For the winding or unwinding of each partial winding region 10 and 11, several angular positions are approached in each case in order to keep the deflection angle α of the cable 16 sufficiently small. The tilting or pivoting positions of the cable drum 2 are advantageously varied for each partial winding region 10 and 11 within a respective adjustment range, wherein the adjustment regions for the different partial winding regions can be differently designed, in particular overlap-free.

0062According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 can also be tilted or pivoted continuously or quasi-continuously in the sense of incremental steps as a function of the rotational position of the cable drum 2 and the pitch of the cable grooves 2 in order to keep the said deflection angle α as small as possible. Alternatively or additionally, the said deflection angle α itself can also be taken into account for the adjustment of the angular position of the cable drum 2. For this purpose, this can be monitored or determined by a suitable detection device, for example in the form of a limit switch or another sensor system. The tilting drive 32 and / or the pivoting drive 33 can be controlled as a function of the detected deflection angle α in order to control the said deflection angle α within a predetermined range or

0063If, following the winding of a partial winding region 10, the flange disk 9 delimiting this partial winding region 10 is crossed by the cable 16, the rotational speed of the rope drum 2 can advantageously be reduced in order to minimize the wear on the cheeks of the cable guide channel 13. Alternatively or additionally, the cable drum 2 can be tilted or pivoted, so that the deflection angle .alpha. Is minimized or goes towards zero so that the cable 16 runs exactly straight into the cable guide channel 13 in the flange plate 9, as shown in FIG<figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> Clarified. Advantageously, the cable drum 2 can also be tilted or pivoted in such a way that the cable runs away from the side plates or end disks.

0064The said tipping or tilting of the rope drum can possibly be combined with the axial displacement of the rope drum and / or the rope deflection roller.