Spacer for insulating glazing

The subject of the invention is a spacer for insulating glazing, insulating glazing and their use.

[0002] Thermal conductivity of glass is approximately lower by a factor of 2 to 3 than the conductivity of concrete or similar building materials. However, since the panes are in most cases clearly thinner than comparable elements made of stone or concrete, buildings lose most of the heat often through external glazing. This effect is particularly emphasized in skyscrapers with completely or partially glass facades. The necessary additional costs for heating and air-conditioning installations are such a part of building maintenance that can not be underestimated. In addition, increasingly stringent building codes require lower carbon dioxide emissions. An important solution to this problem is insulating glazing. First of all, due to the ever-increasing prices of raw materials and more stringent obligations resulting from environmental protection regulations, it is impossible to think about building buildings without insulation glazing. Therefore, insulating glazing is an increasing part of glazing directed to the outside. Insulating glazing usually contains at least two glass panes or polymeric materials. The glass panes are separated from each other by a gas or vacuum chamber defined by a spacer (spacer). Thermal insulation of insulating glass is clearly higher than single glass and can be further improved and improved in triple glazing or using special coatings. Thus, for example, silver-containing coatings can reduce the infrared radiation transmission and thus reduce heating of the building in the summer. In addition to the important feature of thermal insulation in the field of building glazing, optical and aesthetic features also play an increasingly important role.

[0003] Especially in buildings with a large glass façade, the external insulating effect plays an important role not only for cost reasons. Since the thermal insulation of glass, which is usually very thin compared to the wall, is worse, improvements are needed in this respect.

[0004] In addition to the properties and structure of the glass, further components of the insulating glazing are also of great importance. The sealing, and above all the spacer, have a large impact on the quality of the insulating glazing.

Leaks within the spacer can easily lead to a loss of inert gas between the insulating glazing. In addition to the deterioration of the insulating effect, it can moreover easily lead to the penetration of moisture into the insulating glazing. The condensation of moisture between the panes of the insulating glazing deteriorates the optical quality and in many cases causes the need to replace the entire insulating glazing.

Possible ways to approach sealing improvement and the associated reduction in thermal conductivity is to apply a spacer film to the spacer. This foil is from the rule y mounted on a spacer in the area of ​​the outer seal. The usual foil materials contain aluminum or alloy steel, which exhibit good gas tightness. The metal surface also guarantees good gluing of the spacer with the sealant.

[0005] DE 198 07 454 A1 discloses a spacer according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0006] DE 40 24 697 A1 discloses watertight multi-pane insulating glass comprising at least two glass pane and a profile spacer. The sealing is effected by means of polyvinylidene chloride film or coatings on the spacer. In addition, edge gluing can take place with a solution containing polyvinylidene chloride.

EP 852 280 A1 discloses a spacer for multi-glazing insulation glazing. The spacer comprises a metal foil on the gluing surface and glass fibers in the plastic of the base body.

DE 196 25 845 A1 discloses an insulating glazing unit with a spacer element made of thermoplastic olefins. The spacer has a water vapor transmission of less than 1 (g mm) / (mm² d) and high tensile strength and Shore hardness. In addition, the spacer element includes a gas-tight foil as a steam barrier.

EP 0 261 923 A2 discloses a multi-glazing insulating glazing with a spacer element from a moisture permeable foam with an integrated drying medium. This system is preferably sealed by an outer closure of the surface and a film tight against gas and moisture. The film may comprise a metal-coated PET and copolymers of polyvinylidene chloride.

The object of the invention is to propose a spacer for insulating glazing, which enables a better, long-term insulating effect with a simple assembly.

The object of the present invention is solved according to the invention by means of a spacer (spacer) according to independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments result from the dependent claims.

The insulating glazing according to the invention and its use according to the invention arise from the following independent claims.

The spacer element according to the invention for a multi-glazing insulating glazing comprises at least one glass fiber reinforced polymer core base and a polymeric insulating film. By choosing the proportion of glass fibers in the base body, the thermal expansion coefficient of the base body can be varied and adjusted. By adjusting the thermal expansion coefficient of the base body and the polymeric insulating foil, the stress between different materials can be avoided and the insulation film peeled off. The base body preferably has a glass fiber fraction of 20% to 50%, particularly preferably 30% to 40%. The proportion of glass fibers in the basic body improves both strength and stability. The basic body includes two parallel surfaces of contact with the glass, the gluing surface and the surface from the inside of the glazing. The first contact surface with the glass pane and the second contact surface with the pane and the gluing surface are connected to each other directly or alternatively via the joining surfaces. Preferably, the two connecting surfaces preferably have an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the contact surface with the glass pane. On the gluing surface or alternatively on the gluing surface and the joining surfaces, there is an insulating foil. The insulating film preferably contains at least one polymer film with a thickness of 10 μm to 100 μm. The first contact surface with the glass pane and the second contact surface with the pane and the gluing surface are connected to each other directly or alternatively via the joining surfaces. Preferably, the two connecting surfaces preferably have an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the contact surface with the glass pane. On the gluing surface or alternatively on the gluing surface and the joining surfaces, there is an insulating foil. The insulating film preferably contains at least one polymer film with a thickness of 10 μm to 100 μm. The first contact surface with the glass pane and the second contact surface with the pane and the gluing surface are connected to each other directly or alternatively via the joining surfaces. Preferably, the two connecting surfaces preferably have an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the contact surface with the glass pane. On the gluing surface or alternatively on the gluing surface and the joining surfaces, there is an insulating foil. The insulating film preferably contains at least one polymer film with a thickness of 10 μm to 100 μm.

At least one further polymer layer with a thickness of 5 μm to 80 μm and at least two metal layers and / or at least two carbon layers with a thickness of each layer of 10 nm to 1500 nm is applied to the polymer film.

[0007] The polymer layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 80 μm. In another preferred embodiment, the thickness of the polymer layer is from 10 Pm to 80 Pm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the polymer film and the polymer layer are made of the same material. This is particularly advantageous because a smaller variety of materials simplifies the production process. The polymer film and the polymer layers are preferably used in the same material thickness, so that the same starting material can be used on all of the polymeric components of the insulation film.

[0008] The insulating film comprises at least two metallic layers and / or two ceramic layers that are alternating with at least one polymer layer. For example, the insulating film may consist of a polymeric film on which there is a metal layer, a polymer layer applied thereto, and a second metal layer. Preferably, however, the outer layers comprise polymers and are formed by a polymer film and / or a polymer layer. Within the insulating foil, ceramic layers and metallic layers can also be used. The alternating components of the insulating foil can be combined or applied to one another by various methods known in the art. Methods for depositing metallic or ceramic layers are well known to the skilled person. The connection of individual components can take place via glue. The use of an insulating foil with an alternating sequence of layers is particularly advantageous due to the tightness of the system. An error in one of the layers does not lead to loss of insulation foil. In comparison to this in the case of a single layer even a small defect can lead to complete damage. In addition, the application of several thin layers is advantageous compared to a thick layer because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2 The use of an insulating foil with an alternating sequence of layers is particularly advantageous due to the tightness of the system. An error in one of the layers does not lead to loss of insulation foil. In comparison to this in the case of a single layer even a small defect can lead to complete damage. In addition, the application of several thin layers is advantageous compared to a thick layer because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2 The use of an insulating foil with an alternating sequence of layers is particularly advantageous due to the tightness of the system. An error in one of the layers does not lead to loss of insulation foil. In comparison to this in the case of a single layer even a small defect can lead to complete damage. In addition, the application of several thin layers is advantageous compared to a thick layer because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2 An error in one of the layers does not lead to loss of insulation foil. In comparison to this in the case of a single layer even a small defect can lead to complete damage. In addition, the application of several thin layers is advantageous compared to a thick layer because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2 An error in one of the layers does not lead to loss of insulation foil. In comparison to this in the case of a single layer even a small defect can lead to complete damage. In addition, the application of several thin layers is advantageous compared to a thick layer because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2 because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2 because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. In addition, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is less thermodynamically useful. The insulating film preferably has a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2² h.

[0009] The composite (7) from the base body and the insulating foil has a PSI value less (equal to) 0.05 W / mK, particularly preferably lower (equal to) 0.035 W / mK. A value of 0.035 W / mK means that in the composite for one meter of the edge length and one kelvin the difference in temperature loses less than 0.035 watt. The insulating film can be applied to the base body, for example glued. Alternatively, the insulating film may be co-extruded together with the base body.

The polymer film and / or the polymer layer preferably comprises polyethylene terephthalate, ethyl vinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicones, acrylonitrites, polyacrylates, methyl polyacrylates and / or their copolymers or mixtures.

The metallic layer preferably contains iron, aluminum, silver, copper, gold, chromium and / or alloys or mixtures thereof. The metallic layer preferably has a thickness of from 10 nm to 400 nm, preferably a thickness of from 10 nm to 300 nm, particularly preferably from 10 nm to 200 nm. In an alternative embodiment, the metal layer has a thickness of 30 nm to 400 nm. Within the mentioned thickness of the layer, it was possible to observe particularly good tightness of the insulating foil.

The metallic layer is preferably applied by vapor deposition onto an insulating film.

The ceramic layer preferably comprises silicon oxides and / or silicon nitrides. The ceramic layer preferably has a thickness of 10 nm to 200 nm.

[0010] The polymer layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 8 μm, particularly preferably 10 μm to 80 μm.

[0011] The insulating film preferably contains 2 to 4 metal layers or 2 to 4 ceramic layers. The insulating film preferably contains 1 to 4 polymer layers.

[0012] The insulating film preferably comprises 2 metal layers or 2 ceramic layers and 2 polymer layers in alternating metallic / polymer or ceramic / polymer sequence. The insulating foil particularly preferably contains 3 metal layers and 3 polymer layers in an alternating metallic / polymer sequence.

[0013] The base body preferably has a length or width of 5.5 mm to 8 mm along the inside surface of the glazing. The exact diameter depends on the dimensions of the insulating glazing and the required size of intermediate spaces.

[0014] The base body preferably has a length or height of 5 mm to 30 mm along the contact surface with the glass pane.

[0015] The base body preferably comprises a drying agent, preferably silica gels, molecular sieves, CaCl 2, Na 2 SO 4, activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof. The drying agent is preferably incorporated in the porous part of the base body. The drying agent is preferably coextruded with the base body. The surface from the interior of the glazing preferably comprises openings that allow moisture to be absorbed by the drying agent introduced into the base body.

[0016] The base body preferably comprises polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), butylene polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). , preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylester-styrenacrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / PC and / or copolymers thereof or mixture.

[0017] The invention further comprises an insulating glazing with at least two panes and a window-frame spacer element according to the invention. The external insulation, preferably a plastic sealing compound, is located in the edge space between the panes and the spacer element according to the invention. The external insulation preferably comprises silane-modified polymers or polymers, particularly preferably organic polysulfides, silicones, RTV silicone rubber (crosslinking at room temperature), HTV silicone rubber (hot crosslinking), peroxide crosslinked silicone rubber and / or addition crosslinked silicone rubber, polyurethanes, butyl rubber and / or polyacrylates. Glass panes include such materials as glass and / or transparent polymers. The panes preferably have an optical transmission> 85%. In principle, different window geometries are possible, e.g. rectangular, trapezoidal and rounded geometries. The panes preferably have a heat-protecting coating. The heat-protective coating preferably contains silver. In order to exhaust the possibilities of energy saving, insulating glazing can be filled with a noble gas, preferably with argon or krypton, which reduce the heat transfer coefficient in the internal space of the insulating glazing.

The invention further includes the use of a spacer element in multiple glazing, preferably in insulating glazing.

Below, the invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of the drawings. The drawing is a purely schematic representation and does not keep scale. It does not limit the invention in any way. The figure shows on:

1 shows a cross-section of a spacer according to the invention, FIG. 2, a cross-section of an insulating glazing according to the invention and FIG. 3, a cross-sectional view of an insulating foil according to the invention.

[0018] Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a spacer (I) according to the invention. The glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) comprises two parallel-running contact surfaces (1a, 1b) with the glass pane which form contact with the insulating glazing glazing. The surfaces (1a, 1b) of the contact with the glass pane are connected via the outer surface (1c) of gluing and the surface (1d) from the inside of the glazing. Between the surface (1c) of the gluing and the surfaces (1a, 1b) of the contact with the pane are preferably two angled connecting surfaces (1e, 1e '). The connecting surface (1e, 1e ') extends preferably at an angle α (alpha) from 30 ° to 60 ° to the surface (1c) of gluing. The glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) preferably contains styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and about 30 wt.%. up to 40% by weight glass fibers. The angled shape of the first coupling surface (1e) and the second connecting surface (1e ') improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) and, as shown in figure 2, allows better gluing and insulation of the spacer (I) according to the invention. An insulating film (2) is provided on the surface (1c), which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2. The angled shape of the first coupling surface (1e) and the second connecting surface (1e ') improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) and, as shown in figure 2, allows better gluing and insulation of the spacer (I) according to the invention. An insulating film (2) is provided on the surface (1c), which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2. The angled shape of the first coupling surface (1e) and the second connecting surface (1e ') improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) and, as shown in figure 2, allows better gluing and insulation of the spacer (I) according to the invention. An insulating film (2) is provided on the surface (1c), which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2. ) improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) and, as shown in figure 2, allows better gluing and insulation of the spacer (I) according to the invention. An insulating film (2) is provided on the surface (1c), which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2. ) improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) and, as shown in figure 2, allows better gluing and insulation of the spacer (I) according to the invention. An insulating film (2) is provided on the surface (1c), which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2. which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2. which comprises at least one polymer film (2a) shown in figure 3, a polymer layer (2b) and 2 metal layers (2c) or 2 ceramic layers (2d). The polymer base body (1) and the insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK and a gas permeability of less than 0.001 g / m2.² h. The composite (7) of the invention itself has a PSI value of less than 0.035 W / mK. The spacer element according to the invention improves the insulating effect.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of an insulating glazing (II) according to the invention. Between the first insulating glass pane (5a) and the second insulating glass pane (5b) is arranged, glass fiber reinforced, a polymer base body (1) with an insulating foil (2) attached thereon. The insulating film (2) is placed both on the surface (1c) of gluing, as well as on the first connecting surface (1e) and on the second connecting surface (1e '). The insulating film (2) together with the outer insulating layer (4) insulates the interior (6) of the glazing and reduces the heat transfer from the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) to the inside (6) of the glazing. The insulating film can be attached to the polymer base body (1) using a hot melt adhesive polyurethane. Between the surfaces (1a, 1b) of contact with the glass (1a, 1b) and insulating glass panes (5a, 5b), preferably a not insulated and adhesive layer is placed. It preferably contains silane-modified polymers or polymers, particularly preferably organic polysulfides, silicones, RTV silicone rubber (crosslinking at room temperature), HTV silicone rubber (hot crosslinking), peroxide crosslinked silicone rubber and / or additive crosslinked silicone rubber, polyurethanes, rubber butyl and / or polyacrylates. The first insulating glass pane (5a) and the second insulating glass pane (5b) preferably have the same dimensions and thickness. The panes preferably have an optical transmission> 85%. The insulating glazing units (5a, 5b) preferably comprise glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, calcium-sodium glass, polymethyl methacrylate and / or mixtures thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the first insulating glazing (5a) and / or the second insulating glazing (5b) may be in the form of a glazing unit. The insulating glazing (II) according to the invention forms in this case a triple glazing or quadruple glazing. Inside the glass-reinforced polymeric base body (1) of the protective box is a desiccant (3). The drying medium (3) can be embedded in both the central cavity as well as in the glass fiber reinforced polymer base (1) itself. The surface (1d) from the interior of the glazing preferably comprises smaller openings or pores that allow gas exchange with the interior (6) of the glazing. In an alternative embodiment, the first insulating glazing (5a) and / or the second insulating glazing (5b) may be in the form of a glazing unit. The insulating glazing (II) according to the invention forms in this case a triple glazing or quadruple glazing. Inside the glass-reinforced polymeric base body (1) of the protective box is a desiccant (3). The drying medium (3) can be embedded in both the central cavity as well as in the glass fiber reinforced polymer base (1) itself. The surface (1d) from the interior of the glazing preferably comprises smaller openings or pores that allow gas exchange with the interior (6) of the glazing. In an alternative embodiment, the first insulating glazing (5a) and / or the second insulating glazing (5b) may be in the form of a glazing unit. The insulating glazing (II) according to the invention forms in this case a triple glazing or quadruple glazing. Inside the glass-reinforced polymeric base body (1) of the protective box is a desiccant (3). The drying medium (3) can be embedded in both the central cavity as well as in the glass fiber reinforced polymer base (1) itself. The surface (1d) from the interior of the glazing preferably comprises smaller openings or pores that allow gas exchange with the interior (6) of the glazing. Inside the glass-reinforced polymeric base body (1) of the protective box is a desiccant (3). The drying medium (3) can be embedded in both the central cavity as well as in the glass fiber reinforced polymer base (1) itself. The surface (1d) from the interior of the glazing preferably comprises smaller openings or pores that allow gas exchange with the interior (6) of the glazing. Inside the glass-reinforced polymeric base body (1) of the protective box is a desiccant (3). The drying medium (3) can be embedded in both the central cavity as well as in the glass fiber reinforced polymer base (1) itself. The surface (1d) from the interior of the glazing preferably comprises smaller openings or pores that allow gas exchange with the interior (6) of the glazing.

Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the insulating film (2) according to the invention. The insulating film (2) contains a polymer film (2a) (0 12 μm) with LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene), 3 polymer layers (2b) with PET (0 12 pm) and 3 metallic layers (2c) with aluminum (0 50 nm). The metallic layers (2c) and the polymer layers (2b) are respectively interdigitated onto the polymer film (2a). The metallic layers (2c) and the polymer layers (2b) can also have different thicknesses, respectively. The structure of the insulating film (2) according to the invention reduces the thermal conductivity of the insulating film as compared to traditional metal or plastic films. The composite (7) provided with said insulating film (2) according to the invention and in the fiberglass reinforced polymer base body (1) has a thermal thermal conductivity of less than 0, 035 W / mK. This low thermal conductivity of the spacer (I) according to the invention significantly increases the efficiency of the insulating glazing.

List of references (1) reinforced with glass fibers, polymer base body (Ia) (first) contact surface with glass (1b) (second) contact surface with glass (1c) glued surface (1d) surface on the interior side of the glazing (le ) (first) connecting surface (1e ') (second) connecting surface (2) insulation film (2a) polymer film (2b) polymer layer (2c) metal layer (2d) ceramic layer (3) drying agent (4) outer layer insulation (5a) first glass (5b) second glass (6) interior of insulating glazing (7) composite of (1) and (2) (I) (II) spacer element according to the invention insulating glazing according to the invention

Saint-Gobain Glass France Plenipotentiary:

84P38255Pl00

EP 2 802 726 B1