Spacer for insulating glazing

0001The present invention relates to a spacer for an insulating glazing unit, an insulating glazing unit and the use of a spacer.

0002The thermal conductivity of glass is approximately 2-3 lower than that of concrete or similar building materials. However, because panels or plates (glass plates) are often designed to be much thinner than comparable elements made of stone or concrete, buildings often lose most of their heat through outer glazing. This effect is especially noticeable in high-rise buildings with partial or complete glass façade. Excess costs required for heating and air conditioning account for a non-negligible portion of building maintenance costs. In addition, reduced carbon dioxide emissions are required as a result of increasingly stringent building regulations. An important solution to this is the insulation glazing unit. Insulated glazing units can no longer be considered separately from building construction, especially as a result of ever-increasing raw material costs and more stringent environmental protection obligations. Therefore, insulated glazing units increasingly occupy the majority of outward-facing glazing units. The insulating glazing unit usually comprises two plates made of glass or polymer material. The panels are separated from each other via a gas chamber or vacuum chamber set by spacers (interval holders). The insulation capacity of insulating glass is much higher than that of single glazing and can be further increased and improved with triple glazing units or with special coatings. Thus, for example, a coating containing silver allows for a reduction in infrared transmission, thus reducing the heating of the building in the summer. In addition to important thermal insulation properties, visual and aesthetic features are becoming increasingly important in the area of building glazing units.

0003Insulation plays an important role not only for cost reasons, but also for other important purposes, especially in buildings with large glass outer façade. The insulation of very thin glass is usually inferior to that of masonry and needs improvement in this area.

0004Besides the properties and structure of the glass, another element of the insulating glazing unit is also important. Seals and especially spacers have a significant impact on the quality of the insulating glazing unit.

0005Leaks inside the spacer can easily lead to the loss of internal gas during insulation glazing. In addition to the poorer blocking effect, there is a risk that moisture may easily enter the insulating glazing unit. Therefore, the sediment formed by moisture between the plates of the insulating glazing unit significantly deteriorates the visual quality and often requires replacement of the entire insulating glazing unit.

0006A possible attempt to improve the sealability and the accompanying reduction in thermal conductivity lies in the attachment of the barrier foil to the spacer. This foil is typically attached to the outer sealing area of the spacer. Conventional foil materials include aluminum or special steel. These materials have good gas tightness. The metal surface at the same time ensures good adhesion between the spacer and the sealing material.

0007German Patent Application Publication No. 4024697 discloses a watertight double glazing with at least two glass plates and one molding spacer. Sealing is done via a polyvinylidene chloride film or coating provided on the spacer. In addition, edge bonding can be performed with a solution containing polyvinylidene chloride.

0008European Patent Application Publication No. 0852280 discloses a multi-layer insulation glazing unit. The spacer has a metal foil on the adhesive surface and a glass fiber portion on the plastic of the base body.

0009German Patent Application Publication No. 19625845 discloses an insulating glass unit having a spacer made of a thermoplastic olefin. Spacer is 1 (g mm) / (mm² d) It has a smaller water vapor permeability and higher tensile strength and shore hardness. In addition, the spacer has a gas-tight film as a water vapor barrier.

0010European Patent Application Publication No. 0261923 discloses a multi-layer insulating glazing unit with spacers made of breathable foam mixed with desiccant. The unit is preferably sealed with an outer seal and a film that is dense against gas and moisture. The film may contain metal coated PET and polyvinylidene chloride copolymer.

0011Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a spacer for an insulating glazing unit, which enables an improved long-term stable insulating effect at the same time as simple installation.

0012According to the present invention, this problem of the present invention is solved by the spacer according to the independent claim 1. A preferred embodiment can be seen from the dependent claims.

0013The use of the insulating glazing unit according to the present invention and the spacer according to the present invention can be seen from another independent claim.

0014The spacer for a multi-layer insulating glazing unit according to the present invention includes at least one composite composed of a glass fiber reinforced polymer base body and a polymer insulating film. By selecting the glass fiber content in the base body, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base body can be changed and adapted. By matching the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base body and the insulating film of the polymer, it is possible to avoid the load due to the temperature between different materials and the peeling of the insulating film. The base body preferably has a glass fiber content of 20% to 50%, particularly preferably 30% to 40%. This fiberglass content in the base body simultaneously improves strength and stability. The base body comprises two plate contact surfaces extending parallel to each other, one adhesive surface and one glazing inner chamber surface. The first plate contact surface, the second plate contact surface, and the adhesive surface are joined to each other either directly or optionally via the joint surface. Preferably, the two joint surfaces have an angle of preferably 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the plate contact surface. An insulating film is provided on the adhesive surface or optionally on the adhesive surface and the joint surface. The insulating film comprises at least one polymer film. The polymer film is coated with at least one other polymer layer having a thickness of 10 μm to 100 μm and at least one metal or ceramic layer having a thickness of 10 nm to 1500 nm.

0015In a preferred embodiment, the polymer layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 80 μm. In another preferred embodiment, the thickness of the polymer layer is 10 μm to 80 μm.

0016In a particularly preferred embodiment, the polymer film and polymer layer are made of the same material. This is particularly preferred as the use of less diverse materials simplifies the production process. In this case, the polymer film and the polymer layer are preferably used with the same material thickness, so that the same material can be used for all the polymer elements of the insulating film.

0017The insulating film preferably comprises at least two layers of metal and / or ceramic, the metal layers and / or ceramic layers alternating with at least one polymer layer. For example, the insulating film may consist of a polymer film on which a metal layer is placed, a polymer layer mounted on the polymer film, and a second metal layer. However, preferably, the outer layer contains a polymer and is formed from a polymer film and / or a polymer layer. A ceramic layer and a metal layer may be used inside the insulating film. Alternating elements of the insulating film may be joined or adhered to each other by various known methods based on the prior art. Precipitation of metal or ceramic layers is well known to experts. The individual elements may be joined via an adhesive. The use of insulating films with a series of alternating layers is particularly suitable with respect to the sealability of the system. In this case, a defect in one of the layers does not result in a loss of function of the insulating film. On the other hand, in the case of a single layer, a small defect may already lead to a complete failure. Further, the deposition of a plurality of thinner layers is preferable because the risk of internal adhesion problems increases as the layer thickness increases with respect to one thick layer. Moreover, thicker layers have higher conductivity, so this type of film is less thermodynamically suitable.

0018The insulating film is preferably 0.001 g / (m).²h) Has a smaller gas permeability.

0019The composite consisting of the base body and the insulating film preferably has a PSI value of less than (equal to) 0.05 W / mK, particularly preferably less than (equal to) 0.035 W / mK. A value of 0.035 W / mK means that the complex loses up to 0.035 watts per meter of edge length and per Kelvin temperature difference. The insulating film may be adhered to the base body and, for example, adhered. Alternatively, the insulating film may be co-extruded with the base body.

0020The polymer film and / or polymer layer is preferably polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone, acrylonitrile, polyacrylate, methyl polyacrylate and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof. including.

0021The metal layer preferably comprises iron, aluminum, silver, copper, gold, chromium and / or alloys or mixtures thereof. The metal layer has a thickness of 10 nm to 400 nm, preferably 10 nm to 300 nm, and particularly preferably 10 nm to 200 nm. In an alternative aspect, the metal layer has a thickness of 30 nm to 400 nm. A particularly good sealing property of the insulating film could be recognized within the range of the described layer thickness.

0022The metal layer is preferably adhered to the insulating film by thin film deposition.

0023The ceramic layer preferably comprises silicon oxide and / or silicon nitride. The ceramic layer preferably has a thickness of 10 nm to 200 nm.

0024The polymer layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 80 μm, particularly preferably 10 μm to 80 μm.

0025Polymer films include one to four layers of metal or ceramic. The polymer film comprises one to four layers of polymer.

0026The polymer film preferably comprises two metal or ceramic layers and two polymer layers, alternating in a metal / polymer order. The polymer film alternately comprises three metal layers and three polymer layers, particularly preferably in a metal / polymer order.

0027The base body preferably has a length or width of 5.5 mm to 8 mm along the glazing inner chamber surface. The exact diameter is set according to the dimensions of the insulating glazing unit and the desired intermediate chamber size.

0028The base body preferably has a length or height of 5 mm to 30 mm along the plate contact surface.

0029The base body is preferably a desiccant, preferably silica gel, molecular sieves, CaCl.₂, Na₂SO₄, Activated carbon, silicates, bentonite, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof. The desiccant is preferably mixed in the porous portion of the base body. The desiccant is preferably coextruded with the base body. The glazing inner chamber surface preferably has a plurality of openings, which allow the desiccant mixed in the base body to absorb moisture.

0030The base body is preferably polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitrile, polyester, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polyacrylate, polyamide, polyethylene terefurate (PET). , Polybutylene terefurate (PBT), preferably acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene / polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / Includes PC and / or a copolymer or mixture thereof.

0031The present invention further includes an insulating glazing unit comprising at least two plates and one spacer according to the present invention surrounding the plates. The outer insulator, preferably a plastic sealing material, is located in the edge space between the plate and the spacer according to the invention. The outer insulator is preferably a polymer or silane modified polymer, particularly preferably an organic polysulfide, silicone, RTV (room temperature curable) silicone rubber, HTV (heat curable) silicone rubber, peroxide curable silicone. Includes rubber and / or add-curable silicone rubber, polyurethane, butyl rubber and / or polyacrylate. Plates include materials such as glass and / or transparent polymers. The plate preferably has a light transmittance of more than 85%. In principle, various geometric shapes of the plate, such as rectangular, trapezium and rounded geometries, are possible. The board preferably has a heat insulating coating. The insulation coating preferably contains silver. The insulating glazing unit may be filled with a noble gas, preferably argon or krypton, so that energy saving can be exhibited. Argon or krypton reduces the heat transfer value in the insulating glazing intermediate chamber.

0032The present invention further includes the use of spacers according to the invention in a multi-layer glazing unit, preferably an insulating glazing unit.

0033Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings are merely schematics, not to scale. The drawings do not limit the present invention at all.

0034<figref num="1">It is a cross-sectional view of the spacer which concerns on this invention.</figref><figref num="2">It is sectional drawing of the insulation glazing unit which concerns on this invention.</figref><figref num="3">It is a cross-sectional view of the insulating film by this invention.</figref>

0035FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the spacer (I) according to the present invention. The fiberglass-reinforced polymer base body (1) comprises two plate contact surfaces (1a, 1b) extending parallel to each other. The plate contact surfaces (1a, 1b) form contact with the plate (glass plate) of the insulating glazing unit. These plate contact surfaces (1a, 1b) are joined via an outer adhesive surface (1c) and a glazing inner chamber surface (1d). Two angled joint surfaces (1e, 1e') are preferably arranged between the adhesive surface (1c) and the plate contact surface (1a, 1b). The joint surface (1e, 1e') preferably extends at an angle α of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the adhesive surface (1c). The glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) preferably comprises styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) and about 30% to 40% by weight of glass fiber. The angled shape of the first joint surface (1e) and the second joint surface (1e') improves the stability of the fiberglass-reinforced polymer base body (1), as shown in FIG. As such, it allows for improved adhesion and insulation of the spacer (I) according to the present invention. An insulating film (2) is adhered to the adhesive surface (1c). The insulating film (2) comprises at least one polymer film (2a), a polymer layer (2b) and a metal layer (2c) or a ceramic layer (2d) as shown in FIG. The polymer base body (1) and insulating film (2) together form a composite (7). The entire spacer (I) according to the present invention has a thermal conductivity less than 10 W / mK and 0.001 g / m.²Has a gas permeability less than h. The complex (7) itself according to the present invention has a PSI value (thermal bridge value) smaller than 0.035 W / mK. The spacer according to the present invention improves the insulating effect.

0036FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the insulating glazing unit (II) according to the present invention. A glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) with an insulating film (2) mounted on the surface between the first insulating glass plate (5a) and the second insulating glass plate (5b). Have been placed. The insulating film (2) is arranged on both the adhesive surface (1c), the first joint surface (1e), and the second joint surface (1e'). The insulating film (2), in combination with the outer insulating layer (4), insulates the inner chamber (6) and from the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) to the inner chamber (6). Reduce the heat conduction of. The insulating film can be attached to the polymer base body (1) using, for example, a PUR hot melt adhesive. An insulating adhesive layer (not shown) is preferably arranged between the plate contact surface (1a, 1b) and the insulating glass plate (5a, 5b). The insulating adhesive layer is preferably a polymer or a silane-modified polymer, particularly preferably an organic polysulfide, silicone, RTV (room temperature curable) silicone rubber, HTV (heat curable) silicone rubber, or peroxide curable silicone. Includes rubber and / or add-curable silicone rubber, polyurethane, butyl rubber and / or polyacrylate. The first insulating glass plate (5a) and the second insulating glass plate (5b) preferably have the same dimensions and thickness. The plate preferably has a light transmittance of greater than 85%. Insulated glass plate (5a, 5b) preferably comprises glass and / or polymer, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, polymethyl methacrylate resin and / or a mixture thereof. In an alternative aspect, the first insulating glass plate (5a) and / or the second insulating glass plate (5b) may be configured as a composite glass plate. In this case, the insulating glazing unit (II) according to the present invention forms triple or quadruple glazing. A desiccant (3) is mixed inside the base body (1) of the glass fiber reinforced polymer. The desiccant (3) may be mixed into the inside of the central hollow chamber or into the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) itself. The glazing inner chamber surface (1d) preferably has a plurality of smaller openings or holes. The opening or hole allows gas exchange with the inner chamber (6).

0037FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the insulating film (2) according to the present invention. The insulating film (2) is composed of one polymer film (2a) (φ12 μm) made of LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene), three polymer layers (2b) (φ12 μm) made of PET, and aluminum. It has three metal layers (2c) (φ50 nm). The metal layer (2c) and the polymer layer (2b) are alternately coated on the polymer film (2a). The metal layer (2c) and the polymer layer (2b) may have different layer thicknesses. The structure of the insulating film (2) according to the present invention lowers the thermal conductivity of the insulating film as compared with the conventional metal foil or plastic film. The composite (7) comprising the described insulating film (2) according to the present invention and a glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1) has a thermal conductivity less than 10 W / mK. Such a low thermal conductivity of the spacer (I) according to the present invention greatly enhances the efficiency of the insulating glazing unit.

0038(1) Glass fiber reinforced polymer base body (1a) (1st) plate contact surface (1b) (Second) plate contact surface (1c) Adhesive surface (1d) Glazing interior surface (1e) (1st) joint surface (1e') (second) joint surface (2) Insulation film (2a) Polymer film (2b) Polymer layer (2c) Metal layer (2d) Ceramic layer (3) Desiccant (4) Outer insulation layer (5a) First board (5b) Second board (6) Inner room of insulation glazing unit (7) Complex consisting of (1) and (2) (I) Spacer according to the present invention (II) Insulation glazing unit according to the present invention