Pigment-dispersed liquid and ink-jet ink using the same

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD [Detailed description of the invention]

【0001】

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

The present invention relates to a pigment dispersion liquid and an ink for inkjet, which are excellent in characteristics such as light resistance, color tone sharpness, liquid stability, and pigment particle size stability of printed matter.

【0002】

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as inks used in the inkjet recording method, various water-soluble dyes are used as water as disclosed in JP-A-63-51485, JP-A-63-56575, JP-A-1-198671 and the like. The mainstream was a simple substance or one that was dissolved in a solvent consisting of water and a water-soluble solvent, and various additives were added as needed.

【0003】

However, when printing is performed using such a dye-based ink, there is a problem that the water resistance of the recorded image on the recording material is poor (dye bleeding in the recording portion easily occurs when water is spilled). There was a problem that the light resistance was poor (when the recording part was exposed to light, the color tone changed and the density decreased).

【0004】

In order to improve these problems of dye-based inks, it is possible to apply so-called pigment-based inks that use carbon black or various organic pigments instead of dyes as colorants to the inkjet recording method. , Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-10661, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-15542, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-255875, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-276876, and the like.

【0005】

When printing is performed using a pigment-based ink, the ink dried on the recording material is a pigment as a colorant, so even if it is exposed to water, it does not dissolve like a dye and bleeding does not occur, and it is water resistant. Good sex.

【0006】

Further, since the pigment has a lower reactivity to light than the dye, the light resistance of the pigment-based ink is superior to that of the dye-based ink.

【0007】

In such pigment-based inks, a mixture consisting of a pigment, a liquid medium, and a dispersant is generally dispersed by a disperser such as a ball mill or a sand mill, and various additives are added to the produced pigment dispersion as necessary. Although manufactured, the pigment dispersion used in the ink for inkjet recording is usually pigmented to a particle size level of 200 nm or less, preferably 150 nm or less in order to prevent nozzle clogging, sharpness of printed images, secondary color reproducibility, and transparency. It is necessary to make the pigment particles in the dispersion liquid finely divided and dispersed. Furthermore, it is necessary to make fine particles in a short time in order to manufacture them industrially at low cost.

【0008】

Further, in order to prevent nozzle clogging, the finely divided and dispersed pigment dispersion liquid must be able to maintain the initial particle size over time and / or in a storage environment such as high temperature and low temperature.

【0009】

However, conventionally, the pigment dispersant used in this field is suitable for a dispersant and the dispersant which can realize the above-mentioned fine particle dispersion in a short time and can reduce the change in the pigment particle size during storage. There has been no additive that can be used in combination with and improves its effect.

【0010】

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a pigment dispersion liquid using a dispersant that can efficiently prepare a fine particle size pigment dispersion liquid that can be particularly preferably used for inkjet recording ink in a short time and can reduce a change in the pigment particle size during storage. An object of the present invention is to provide an ink jet ink using the dispersion liquid.

【0011】

[Means for solving problems]

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by using a specific dispersant, more preferably by using a specific dispersant and a specific additive in combination. It came to.

【0012】

That is, according to the present invention, firstly, in a pigment dispersion liquid containing at least a pigment, a dispersant and water, a pigment dispersion liquid characterized by using a compound of the following general formula (I) as a dispersant is provided. Will be done.

【0013】

General formula (I) [Chemical 5]

<img file="JP2001192583A_D0001.tif" />【0014】

(In the formula, R₁Represents an alkyl group, an allyl group, or an aralkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, l represents an integer of 0 to 7, and m represents an integer of 30 to 60.

【0015】

According to the present invention, secondly, the pigment dispersion liquid according to the first description described above, which contains the compound of the following general formula (II), is provided.

【0016】

General formula (II) [Chemical 6]

<img file="JP2001192583A_D0002.tif" />【0017】

(Equation R₂Represents an alkyl group having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, OA represents an oxyethylene unit or a mixture of an oxyethylene unit and an oxypropylene unit, and n represents an integer of 3 to 16.

【0018】

According to the present invention, thirdly, the pigment dispersion according to the first or second description is provided, which is characterized by containing the compound of the following general formula (III).

【0019】

General formula (III) [Chemical 7]

<img file="JP2001192583A_D0003.tif" />【0020】

(In the formula, M₁Represents Na or K or Li and R₃Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

【0021】

According to the present invention, fourthly, the pigment dispersion according to any one of the above 1 to 3 is provided, which is characterized by containing the compound of the following general formula (IV).

【0022】

General formula (IV) [Chemical 8]

<img file="JP2001192583A_D0004.tif" />【0023】

(M in the formula₂Represents Na or K or Li and R₄Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and x represents an integer of 1 to 12.

【0024】

Fifth, according to the present invention, there is provided the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the above first to fourth, which comprises using Pigment Yellow 138 as a pigment.

【0025】

According to the present invention, sixthly, the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the above 1 to 4 is provided, which comprises using Pigment Red 122 as a pigment.

【0026】

According to the present invention, seventhly, the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the above 1 to 4 is provided, which comprises using Pigment Blue 15 as a pigment.

【0027】

Eighth, according to the present invention, there is provided the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the above first to fourth, which comprises using carbon black as a pigment.

【0028】

According to the present invention, ninthly, the content ratio of the compound of the general formula (I) to the compound of the general formula (II) is 99.99 / 0.01 to 60/40 in terms of weight ratio. The pigment dispersion according to any of the eighth is provided.

【0029】

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the content ratio of the compound of the general formula (I) to the compound of the general formula (III) is 99.99 / 0.01 to 60/40 in terms of weight ratio. The pigment dispersion according to any one of the ninth is provided.

【0030】

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the content ratio of the compound of the general formula (I) to the compound of the general formula (IV) is 99.99 / 0.01 to 60/40 in terms of weight ratio. The pigment dispersion according to any one of the tenth is provided.

【0031】

According to the twelfth invention, there is provided the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the first to eleventh items, wherein the ratio of the dispersant to the pigment is 1/15 to 1/1.

【0032】

According to the present invention, thirteenth, there is provided the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the first to twelfth, which is characterized in that the average particle size of the pigment is 20 nm or more and 200 nm or less.

【0033】

According to the present invention, the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the above 1 to 13 is provided, which is characterized in that the pigment concentration is 5% or more and 30% or less.

【0034】

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ink jet ink characterized by adjusting by adding an additive to the pigment dispersion liquid according to any one of the first to fourteenth items.

【0035】

According to the present invention, 16th, there is provided the ink jet ink according to the 15th aspect, wherein the average particle size of the pigment is 20 nm or more and 200 nm or less.

【0036】

According to the present invention, 17th, there is provided the ink jet ink according to the 15th or 16th above, which is characterized in that the pigment concentration is 1% or more and 8% or less.

【0037】

According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image forming method characterized by printing with an inkjet printer using the ink according to any one of the fifteenth to seventeenth.

【0038】

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) used in the pigment dispersion liquid of the present invention are described below, but the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.

【0039】

[Chemical 9]

<img file="JP2001192583A_D0005.tif" />【0040】

[Chemical 10]

<img file="JP2001192583A_D0006.tif" />【0041】

When m is 29 or less or 61 or more in the compound represented by the general formula (I), it is difficult to disperse the pigment into fine particles at the time of pigment dispersion, and 30 or more and 60 or less are preferable.

【0042】

The pigment used in the pigment dispersion liquid of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the following.

【0043】

Examples of blacks include carbon blacks such as furnace black, lamp black, acetylene black and channel black, metals such as copper, iron and titanium oxide, and organic pigments such as altonitroaniline black. For colors, Truisin Red, Permanent Carmine FB, First Yellow AAA, Disazo Orange PMP, Lake Red C, Brilliant Carmin 6B, Phthalocyanine Blue, Kinacridon Red, Dioxan Violet, Victoria Pure Blue, Alkaline Blue Toner, First Yellow 10G, Disazo Yellow AAMX, Disazoero AAOT, Disazoero AAOA, Yellow Iron Oxide, Disazoero HR, Orthonitroaniline Orange, Dinitroaniline Orange, Balkan Orange, Truizin Red, Chlorinated Parared, Brilliant First Scarlet, Naftor Red 23, Pyrazolone Red, Barium Red 2B, Calcium Red 2B, Strontium Red 2B, Manganese Red 2B, Barium Lysome Red, Pigment Scar Red 3B Lake, Lake Bordeaux 10B, Ansocin 3B Lake, Ansocin 5B Lake, Rhodamine 6G Lake, Eosin Lake, Bengara, Faftor Red FGR, Rhodamine B Lake, Methyl Bio Red Lake, Dioxazine Bio Red, Basic Blue 5B Lake, Basic Blue 6G Lake, Fast Sky Blue, Alkaline Blue R Toner, Peacock Blue Lake, Navy Blue, Ultramarine, Reflex Blue 2G, Reflex Blue R, Brilliant Green Lake, Diamond Green Thioflavin Lake, Phthalocyanine Green G, Green Gold, Phthalocyanine Green Y, Iron Oxide Powder, Sabiko, Zinc Hua, Titanium Oxide, Calcium Carbonate, Clay, Barium Sulfate, Alumina, Alumina White, Aluminum Powder, Bronze Powder, daylight fluorescent pigment, pearl pigment, naphthol carmine FB, naphthol red M, permanent carmine FB, first yellow G, di Sazoero AAA, dioxane violet, alkaline blue G toner, and other processed pigments such as graft carbon whose pigment surface is treated with resin or the like can be used. In some cases, these can be mixed in two or more types.

【0044】

Among these, carbon black for black, pigment yellow 138 for yellow, pigment red 122 for magenta, and pigment blue 15 for cyan in terms of dispersion stability, color reproducibility, and light resistance: 3 can be preferably used. Of these, Pigment Red 122, which has been surface-treated with a pigment derivative or the like, has good dispersion stability and can be used more preferably.

【0045】

Examples of the water-soluble organic solvent that can be added to the pigment dispersion liquid and the ink for inkjet using the pigment dispersion liquid in the present invention include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, sec. -Alkyl alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as butyl alcohol and tert-butyl alcohol: amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide: ketones such as acetone and diacetone alcohol or ketone alcohols: ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane. :: [0046]

Polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol: 2 to 2 alkylene groups such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, thiodiglycol, hexylene glycol and diethylene glycol Alkylene glycols containing 6 carbon atoms: [0047]

Lower alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, ethylene glycol monomethyl (or ethyl) ether, diethylene glycol methyl (or ethyl) ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl (or ethyl) ether: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone , 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone and the like.

【0048】

Among these many water-soluble organic solvents, a lower alkyl ether of a polyhydric alcohol such as diethylene glycol and a polyhydric alcohol such as triethylene glycol monomethyl (or ethyl) ether is preferable.

【0049】

The pigment dispersion liquid is obtained by dispersing a mixture of the above pigment, dispersant, water or water-soluble organic solvent with a known disperser such as a sand mill, a pearl mill, a dyno mill, a ball mill, a roll mill, a nanomizer, or a homogenizer. Further, the ink for inkjet is obtained by stirring and mixing the pigment dispersion liquid, water, a water-soluble organic solvent, a surfactant and the like, filtering coarse particles with a filter, a centrifuge and the like, and degassing.

【0050】

In the present invention, the compounds of the general formula (II) and / or the general formula (III) and / or the general formula (IV) may be mixed with a dispersant at the time of pigment dispersion or added at the time of making an ink jet ink. Is also good.

【0051】

In the present invention, R of the compound of general formula (II)₂Is preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 14 carbon atoms. When the number of carbon atoms is 7 or less or 15 or more, the effect of stabilizing the particle size of the pigment fine particles in the pigment dispersion is small. Further, n is preferably an integer of 3 to 16. When n is 2 or less or 17 or more, the effect of particle size stabilization is small.

【0052】

In the present invention, R of the compound of the general formula (III)₃Is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R₃However, when a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms is used, the effect of stabilizing the particle size of the pigment fine particles in the pigment dispersion is small.

【0053】

In the present invention, R of the compound of general formula (IV)₄Is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R₄However, when a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms is used, the effect of stabilizing the particle size of the pigment fine particles in the pigment dispersion is small. Further, x is preferably an integer of 1 to 12. When x is 0 or 13 or more, the effect of particle size stabilization is small.

【0054】

In the present invention, the content ratio of the compound of the general formula (I) to the compound of the general formula (II) is preferably 99.99 / 0.01 to 60/40 in terms of weight ratio. If it is larger than 99.99 / 0.01, there is almost no effect of adding the general formula (II), so the degree of improvement in the particle size stabilizing effect of the pigment fine particles in the pigment dispersion is small, and even if it is smaller than 60/40, the particle size is stable. The degree of improvement in the chemical effect is small.

【0055】

The content ratio of the compound of the general formula (I) to the compound of the general formula (II) is also preferably 99.99 / 0.01 to 60/40 for the same reason.

【0056】

The content ratio of the compound of the general formula (I) to the compound of the general formula (IV) is also preferably 99.99 / 0.01 to 60/40 for the same reason.

【0057】

In the present invention, the ratio of the dispersant to the pigment is preferably 1/15 to 1/1. If it is smaller than 1/15, it is difficult to disperse the particles into fine particles, and the effect of stabilizing the particle size of the pigment fine particles in the pigment dispersant is small. If it is larger than 1/1, the viscosity of the pigment dispersion liquid and the ink for inkjet using the pigment dispersion liquid becomes too high, and as a result, printing with an inkjet printer tends to be difficult.

【0058】

The average particle size of the pigment in the dispersion liquid and the ink is preferably 20 nm or more and 200 nm or less. If the average particle size of the pigment is larger than 200 nm, not only the nozzle is likely to be clogged, but also the color tone is inferior. Tends to be inferior. The average particle size in the present invention is a value measured by Microtrack UPA manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.

【0059】

The pigment concentration of the dispersion is preferably 5% or more and 30% or less. If it is less than 5%, the productivity is poor, and if it is more than 30%, the viscosity of the dispersion liquid tends to be too high and it tends to be difficult to disperse.

【0060】

As an additive to the dispersion, in addition to water, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol, and polyvalents such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerin are used as water-soluble organic media. Alcohol, pyrrolidone derivatives such as N-methylpyrrolidone and 2-pyrrolidone, ketones such as acetone and methylethylketone, alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine, and various surface activities of nonions, anions, cations and both sexes. Examples include agents and preservatives.

【0061】

The pigment concentration of the ink is preferably 1% or more and 8% or less. If it is less than 1%, the image density is low and the print is lacking in sharpness. If it is more than 8%, not only the viscosity of the ink tends to be high, but also the nozzles are easily clogged.

【0062】

Examples of the additive to the ink include the same materials as those described in the additive to the dispersion liquid. The content of the water-soluble organic solvent is preferably 0% or more and 50% or less with respect to the total amount of the recording liquid.

【0063】

Examples of the method for printing the above ink include a continuous injection type and an on-demand type. Examples of the on-demand type include a piezo method, a thermal inkjet method, and an electrostatic method.

【0064】

[Example]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. In addition, "part" and "%" shown below both represent a weight standard.

【0065】

Example 1 Mixture (A) Pigment Red 122 24 copies (Manufactured by Clariant, Toner Magenta EO2) 120 parts of 10% aqueous solution of POE (n = 40) β-naphthyl ether (Compound No. 1 dispersant) 16 parts of ion-exchanged water The mixture (A) having the above composition was placed in a 500 ml beaker, a Teflon-coated stirrer was added, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours.

【0066】

Next, the mixture (A) treated by this stirring was dispersed for 8 hours using a zirconia ball of 0.3 mmφ in a sand mill (a batch type tabletop sand mill manufactured by Campe Hapio Co., Ltd.), and the average particle size was 120.5 nm (). A pigment dispersion (A) of Microtrack UPA150 manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd. was obtained.

【0067】

Using the pigment dispersion (A) obtained by the above method, adjust the ink for inkjet with the following ink formulation (a), stir for 30 minutes, filter with a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.8 μm, and vacuum degas. Inkjet ink (a) was obtained.

【0068】

Ink prescription (a) Pigment dispersion (A) 40.0 parts 7.5 parts of glycerin 22.5 parts of diethylene glycol 2-Pyrrolidone 3.0 copies Polyoxyethylene (3) alkyl (C13) Ether Sodium Acetate 1.45 parts (Of the compounds of general formula (IV), M₂Is Na, R₄But A straight-chain alkyl group with 13 carbon atoms and a compound with 3 x) Ion-exchanged water 75.55 parts [0069]

The inkjet ink (a) was sealed in a plastic container and left in an environment of 70 ° C for 1 week, and the particle size after leaving was measured. The particle size after standing was 121.1 nm.

【0070】

Example 2 Mixture (B) Pigment Red 122 24 copies (FASTOGEN SUPER MAGENTA RG, manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.) 120 parts of 10% aqueous solution of POE (n = 40) β-naphthyl ether (Compound No. 1 dispersant) 0.2 parts of heptaethylene glycol mono (5-decyl) ether (Of the compounds of general formula (II), R₂Has 10 carbon atoms Linear alkyl group, OA is oxyethylene unit, n is 7 compound) Ion-exchanged water 15.8 parts [0071]

The mixture (B) having the above composition was subjected to a dispersion treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pigment dispersion liquid (B) having an average particle size of 118.7 nm. Using this pigment dispersion (B), adjust the inkjet ink with the following ink formulation (b), stir for 30 minutes, filter with a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.8 μm, vacuum degas, and then ink jet ink (b). ) Was obtained.

【0072】

Ink prescription (b) Pigment dispersion (B) 40.0 parts 7.5 parts of glycerin 22.5 parts of diethylene glycol 2-Pyrrolidone 3.0 copies 77.0 parts of ion-exchanged water [0073]

This inkjet ink (b) was sealed in a plastic container and left in an environment of 70 ° C for 1 week, and the particle size after leaving was measured. The particle size after standing was 119.1 nm.

【0074】

Example 3 Using the pigment dispersion liquid (A) of Example 1, adjust the ink jet ink with the following ink formulation (c), stir for 30 minutes, filter with a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.8 μm, vacuum degas, and ink jet ink. (c) was obtained.

【0075】

Ink prescription (c) Pigment dispersion (A) 40.0 parts 7.5 parts of glycerin 22.5 parts of diethylene glycol 2-Pyrrolidone 3.0 copies Dioctyl sulfosuccinate Na 0.5 part (Of the compounds of general formula (III), M₁Is Na, R₃But A compound with a linear alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms) Ion-exchanged water 76.5 parts [0076]

The inkjet ink (c) was sealed in a plastic container and left in an environment of 70 ° C for 1 week, and the particle size after standing was measured. The particle size after standing was 120.7 nm.

【0077】

Example 4 Mixture (C) Pigment Yellow 138 24 copies (LIONOGEN YELLOW 1010, manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd.) 120 parts of 10% aqueous solution of POE (n = 40) α-naphthyl ether (Compound No. 2 dispersant) 16 parts of ion-exchanged water [0078]

The mixture (C) having the above composition was subjected to a dispersion treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pigment dispersion liquid (C) having an average particle size of 70.2 nm.

【0079】

Inkjet ink is adjusted with the following ink formulation (d) using this pigment dispersion (C), stirred for 30 minutes, filtered with a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.8 μm, vacuum degassed, and inkjet ink (d). Got

【0080】

Ink prescription (d) Pigment dispersion (C) 40.0 parts 7.5 parts of glycerin 22.5 parts of diethylene glycol 2-Pyrrolidone 3.0 copies 77.0 parts of ion-exchanged water [0081]

This inkjet ink (d) was sealed in a plastic container and left in an environment of 70 ° C for 1 week, and the particle size after leaving was measured. The particle size after standing was 71.6 nm.

【0082】

Example 5 The ink jet ink is prepared with the following ink formulation (e) using the pigment dispersion liquid (A) of Example 1, stirred for 30 minutes, filtered with a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.8 μm, vacuum degassed, and the ink jet ink. Obtained (e).

【0083】

Ink prescription (e) Pigment dispersion (A) 40.0 parts 7.5 parts of glycerin 22.5 parts of diethylene glycol 2-Pyrrolidone 3.0 copies 77.0 parts of ion-exchanged water [0084]

The inkjet ink (e) was sealed in a plastic container and left to stand in an environment of 70 ° C for 1 week, and the particle size after standing was measured. The particle size after standing was 145.6 nm.

【0085】

Example 6 Mixture (D) Pigment Blue 15:3 24 copies (LIONOL BLUE FG-7351 manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd.) 120 parts of 10% aqueous solution of POE (n = 40) β-naphthyl ether (Compound No. 1 dispersant) 16 parts of ion-exchanged water [0086]

The mixture (D) having the above composition was subjected to a dispersion treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pigment dispersion liquid (D) having an average particle size of 97.1 nm. Inkjet ink is adjusted with the following ink formulation (f) using this pigment dispersion (D), stirred for 30 minutes, filtered with a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.8 μm, vacuum degassed, and inkjet ink (f). Got

【0087】

Ink prescription (f) Pigment dispersion (D) 40.0 parts 7.5 parts of glycerin 22.5 parts of diethylene glycol 2-Pyrrolidone 3.0 copies 77.0 parts of ion-exchanged water [0088]

This inkjet ink (f) was sealed in a plastic container and left in an environment of 70 ° C for 1 week, and the particle size after leaving was measured. The particle size after standing was 96.7 nm.

【0089】

Comparative example 1 Mixture (E) Pigment Red 122 24 copies (Manufactured by Clariant, Toner Magenta EO2) 120 parts of 10% aqueous solution of styrene-acrylic acid copolymer (Aqueous solution of John Krill HPD71 manufactured by Johnson Polymer) 16 parts of ion-exchanged water [0090]

When the mixture (E) having the above composition was dispersed in the same manner as in Example 1, a pigment dispersion liquid (E) having an average particle size of 210.8 nm was obtained.

【0091】

[Effect of the invention]

The pigment dispersion liquid of the present invention and the ink for inkjet using the dispersion liquid have a fine particle size of the dispersed pigment particles, there is no concern about clogging of the inkjet head, and the pigment particle size is highly stable over time and is reliable. It can be suitably used as an ink having high properties.