Repeater station for information signals containing pseudo-random auxiliary signals

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for years

Descriptive report to request ADDITION CERTIFICATE on behalf of NV PHILIPS¹GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN entity / jdecandoao Dutch Jidack with address at Emmasingel 29, Eindhoven, The Netherlands by. IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE OBJECT OF THE PATENT

MAIN Nfi 344.425 issued on September 26, 1968, by: A provision to transmit information signals in a prescribed frequency band (International Class H04j)

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the request Main Patent N or. 344,425 describes a transmission system comprising a transmitter and a receiver for the transmission of information in a prescribed transmission band, the global information to be transmitted consisting of a main information signal in the form of a series of synchronous pulses and an information signal associated auxiliary with lower information content, which is formed by a periodic and synchronous pulse pattern, located within the frequency band f of the main information signal and not correlated with it, and with a clock frequency that is equal to the i

clock frequency of the series of synchronous pulses that jl

It serves as a main information signal, whose pulse pattern originates from an auxi information source!

Liar built as a pulse pattern generator is coüi, comb with the main information signal eu el aransmi - »sor in a linear combination device without separation ¡, ¹ .of frequencies and without time separation, while, in the receiver, the main information signal and the pulse pulse located within its frequency band and combined linearly with it are applied in common to a device modulation to which Ir also applies the pattern of the pulse obtained from a local generator of the impulse pattern that co-opts to the generator of the transmitter's pattern of impulses, where the output of the modulation device is connected to a smoothing filter 4 which, for the automatic phase correction, is connected to a frequency detecting member of the local pulse pattern generator, a regenerative repeater being provided in said transmission system in the transmission circuit between the transmitter and the receiver for amplification of the global information to be measured consisting of the main information signal in the form of the series of synchronous pulses to be transmitted and the impeller guideline. uncorrelated that serves as an auxiliary information signal »

Despite the considerably lower level of the auxiliary information signal relative to that of the main information signal, for example, -25 dB, The main information signal has a slight influence on the phase stabilization of the local generator of the pulse pattern and this influence can still be reduced by converting the main information signal into a series of bivalent pulses into a series of multivalent pulses in a code converter, it being possible to make advantageous use of a code converter comprising a linear combination device to the qua. the impulses are applied on the one hand directly and on the other through a displacement register that has more than two displacement register elements cascaded, the contents of which are displaced by a clock pulse generator connected to the pattern generator of impulses. The original series of bivalent pulses can then be separated from the series of multivalent pulses at the receiver end using the corresponding reverse code inverter.

Linear repeaters can be used for amplification of both the main information signal and the auxiliary information signal during transmission; through the transmitter transmission circuit to

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receiver, but, as a result, the quality of the transmission of the main information signal and the auxiliary information signal that is transmitted at a considerably lower level is influenced, whose influence on the quality increases in a particularly disturbing way when signals are transmitted over long distances and, therefore, with a large number of linear repeaters.

An object of the invention is proportional to a regenerative repeater of a different concept in a transmission system of the type described, in which such difficulties are greatly avoided and whose regenerative repeater is distinguished by its particular flexibility in trans- r t

mission multiplex in time, resulting in a very simple * interconnection of channels to other multiplex systems in) and time and the inspection of regenerative repeaters, especially in the case of time multiplex transmission.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that the regenerative repeater comprises a pulse regenerator controlled by locally generated clock pulses for amplification of the series of pulses transmitted as a main information signal and, in addition, a connected bypass circuit between the en-!

y input and output of the pulse regenerator and including a local generator of the corresponding pulse pattern! To the pulse pattern generator at the end of the transmitter, whose local pulse pattern generator is ¡

J stabilized in phase by a control voltage obtained 1 (I!

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by modulation, in a modulation of the global information received and of the periodic pulse pattern generated in the local pulse pattern generator, the clock pulses being derived to control the pulse regenerator for the amplification of the pulse series that as the main information signal of a clock pulse generator included in the local pulse pattern generator, while the outputs of the pulse regenerator and the local generator of the ircpul pattern!

These are connected through a linear combination device to the transmission circuit.

In order that the invention can be easily implemented, it will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a transmission system according to the invention, while fig. 2 shows in more detail the regenerative repeater in a block diagram.

fig. one shows a transmission system according to the invention that is constructed for the transmission in a prescribed frequency band of 0-0.75! .lc / s of a main information signal in the form of bivalent synchronous pulses whose presence and absence alternating characterize the main information signal and whose instances of occurrence coincide with a series of equidistant clock pulses with a period of clock pulses, D, corresponding to a frequency of 1.5 Kc / s, whose clock pulses originate, for example, in a clock pulse generator 16. In addition, the impulses

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Bivalents are arranged in successive groups each lude which consists, for example, of 31 elements, which originate from one of 31 time multiplex channels that are connected to a pulse switch 61. The 31 time multiplex channels are not They have represented in the figure.

In this transmission system, the pulse signals originating from the pulse switch 61 are applied through a lowpass filter 62 with a frequency limit io equal to half the frequency. _F ! cia of clock pulses (^xo = l / 2L = 0.75 Kc / s) and an amplifier 63 to a transmission circuit in the form of cable 64 · and transmitted to the receiver in which a equalizer network 65 is successively arranged to equalize the teristic faces of amplitude and phase of the transmission circuit 64, an amplifier 66, a pulse regenerator 67 ¡

to regenerate the received signal pulses accordingly! with the shape and timing of its occurrence, and a pulse switch 68 that distributes the received pulse signals over 31 reception channels not shown in 1; figure.

In addition to the main information signal, a group synchronization signal is also transmitted in ¡

ί this transmission system to mark the instant of the ci! Canvas of each group of impulses of 31 elements in order to!

I that the pulse switch 68 can recognize the instants of the beginning of each pulse group. Thus, the global information to be transmitted consists of a main information signal in the form of a series of bivalen pulses | tes and an auxiliary information signal in the form of an i¡

i

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i group synchronization signal whose content of infor | Inaction is much less than the main information signal.

In order to obtain a particularly efficient transmission of information in the described transmission system, in accordance with the main patent application ITo. 344.425 the auxiliary information signal that serves as the group synchronization signal is constituted by a periodic and synchronous pulse pattern, located within the 0.76 li / s frequency band assigned to the main information signal and uncorrelated with pot, whose pattern is originated in a generator 8 of ijauts. of pulses in the transmitter and which is combined in a linear combination device 69 without time separation and without frequency separation with the main information signal.

The generator 8 of the pulse pattern in the transmitter is constructed as a shift register with feedback 10, which has a number of offset register elements 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 whose contents are displaced by the pulse generator 16 clock connected to the shift register with a constant displacement period E corresponding to the frequency of the clock pulses of 1.5 Mc / s, and with an adder 17 of module 2 incorporated between the elements 13, of the displacement register, the output of the displacement register 10 being connected on the one hand to the second input of the adder 17 of module 2 and on the other to the input of the register of displacement 10. When, when connecting the generator 8 of the pulse pattern, an initial pulse is applied, for example, which originates from a source of initial pulses, to the input of the shift register 10, the shift register 10 will begin to generate a series of impulses as a result of the regenerative coupling to each period of impulse recurrence, which, as explained in the main patent application, is the registration of displacement in fig. 1, has a length of T = (2 ^ - l) 2 = 312.

Oon the moment of the start of a group of pulses in the main information signal a given condition of the 1G shift register is coupled in the

I generator 8 of the pulse pattern whose condition, as is known, occurs only once per period T of the pulse pattern j generated. To that end, in the embodiment shown, a group synchronization pulse is applied that: it occurs at that moment on a separate output of the pulse switch 61 to all elements of travel registers 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 through separate inputs, so that the travel register is taken to the state in which a pulse appears simultaneously on the quality of all elements 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 of the shift register »The pulse pattern that appears on the generator 8 output of the pulse pattern;

'i is added with a value of, for example, 25 dB below that of the main information signal, in the linear combination device 69, to the main information signal! within the prescribed frequency band of G, 75 Kc / s. |

In the cooperating receiver, the main information signal and the pulse pattern that is located within t

tro of the 0.75 Kc / s frequency band assigned to ellp.

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and combined linearly with it, or apply in common to a modulator device 19 to which the locally obtained pulse pattern that originates in ur &lt;is also applied

local generator 8 'of pulse pattern corresponding to generator 8 of the pulse pattern of the transmitter, the output of the modulation device 19 being connected to the smoothing filter 20 which, for automatic phase correction jdc, is connected to a determining member of freenunciation 21 of the local generator 8 'of the pulse pattern, ΐ In the receiver!' shown in fig. 1, the local generator 8 'of the pulse pattern is constructed in the same way as the pulse pattern generator 8, of the transmitter, the correct elements having been denoted by the same reference numbers provided, however, with one '„In addition, the modulator device 19 is constructed as a product modulator, an input of which is connected to the reception amplifier 66 and the other input to the local generator 8' of the pulse pattern, the output being connected to a smoothing filter in the form of an integrating circuit 20 whose output voltage controls a frequency corrector 21 constructed, for example, as a variable reactance that is connected to an oscillator 16 * that serves as a local generator of clock pulses! . To the product modulator 19 1® is applied on the one hand the received signal, consisting of the signal of i: main formation and the pulse pattern that serves as auxiliary information and, on the other hand, the local pulse pattern that corresponds accordingly , but that does not correspond in phase, to the pulse pattern generated at the transmitter end.

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As described in detail in the main patent application, an integration voltage will be formed at the output of the integrator circuit 20 on the basis of the uncorrelated state of the main information signal and the pulse pattern, whose voltage, in the in case of coincidence of the two impulse patterns, it assumes a maximum value and, in the case of mutual displacements er. the time of the impulse patterns smaller than the period D of displacement is proportional to the displacements *

The time frame in question but, for larger time shifts, has a constant minimum value. Applying said integration voltage as control voltage (

to the frequency corrector 21 an exact phase stabilization of the local pulse generator 16 'is obtained in the phase of the pulse pattern generated at the transmitter end_and

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At the receiver end, in order to generate the local group synchronization signal, the moment of beginning of a group of pulses in the main information signal is derived from a given state of the desolation register 10 'of the local generator 8' of the impulse pattern. To that end, in the embodiment shown, the output of each element 11 ', 12', 13 ', 14', 15 'of the clearing register is connected to an individual input of a door Y or of coincidence 53, which It supplies an output pulse j only when, simultaneously, an initial pulse appears at the output of each element 11 ', 12', 13 ', 14',!

15 'of the shift register and apply this pulse output from the pulse switch 68 as a pulse of no group timing. (dome resulting from the stabilization ds of the local generator 16 'of clock pulses, the

Local impulse pattern matches the pulse pattern

I generated at the end of the transmitter and, therefore, those with displacement registers 10 and 10 's, in the transmitter and receiver ends, are the same at all times as the synchronization pulses of group that occur at the output of the gate Y 53 exactly coincide with the group synchronization pulse fed by the pulse switch 61 at the transmitter end. The clock pulse dc2.

Local pulse generator 16 'which clock is applied to load 68 and is also used to control pulse regenerator 1 67 «

In order to reduce the possibility of insufficient or false phase stabilization it is advantageous to increase the difference between the main information signal and the group synchronization signal, whose two signals are constituted in the transmission system described so far by series of divalent impulses, with virtue of the main information signal in a series of multivalent impulses. For this, in the transmitter, the main information signal is applied to a code converter 70 described in the Dutch 'patent application No.67-02874, which converts a series of bivalent pulses into a series of trivalent pulses. In the embodiment shown, the code converter 70 comprises a linear difference producer 72 to which the pulses are applied, on the one hand directly and, on the other hand, through a shift register 73, the content of which is displaced by the generator 16 pulses of

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clock connected to the shift register 73, while the linear difference producer 72 is preceded by a module 71 adder 71, whose second input is connected to the output of the descaling record 73 and whose output is connected to the producer's input of linear difference 72, so that it is enough for a reverse code converter mus¹· Simple in the form of a two-phase rectifier 74 to separate the original series of bivalent pulses at the receiver end, as described in the patent application cited above. In the embodiment shown, the number II of the shift register elements 79, 80 ... 81 of the code converter 70 is equal to the number of the ruthless periods-i · i

z D that occur by - period Ϊ of the impulse pattern generated that in the present period of the impulse pattern T = 31 D means a number of displacement register elements II = 31 and a total time delay V = ED = 31D.

As described in detail in patent application no. 67-02874 mentioned above, the code inverter 70 shown reduces the influence of the main information signal on the phase stabilization of the local clock generator 16 'of clock pulses at the receiver end to a considerable extent. It was done in the version with the main information signal consisting of bivalent pulses in the trivalen pulse series -I i

tes were generated in the frequency spectrum transinitiated from individual spectral zero points at frequencies kkf = ΤΠ7 = 3TD, where le = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... while the auxiliary information signal in the form of the periodic pattern

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Pulse pulse with a period T = 31D has a spectrum of lines with exclusively frequency components at frequencies f = k = k, where fc = 0, 1, 2, 3 ... ΊΓ 3Td of node that the components The frequency of the auxiliary information signal in the form of the periodic pulse pattern exactly matches the individual zero points of the spectrum of the coded main information signal.

For 1 from the transmitter to: transmission 64 a transmission of the signals transmitted by the receiver is incorporated into the repeated circuit! '' 82, which can be built as a linear repeater, for amplification of both

I i the main information signal as of the auxiliary information signal of a value less than 25 dB. According to the invention, a different method was followed in the construction of the regenerative repeater 82 as illustrated. in more detail in fig. two.

For amplification of the received signals, the regenerative repeater 82 of fig. 2 includes a pulse regenerator 83 controlled by clock pulses for the amplification of the series of multivalent pulses transmitted as the main information signal, the signals received through an equalizer network 84 and an amplifier 85 being applied to the input of the regenerator of impulses 83. In addition, a bypass circuit 86 incorporating a local generator 8 of the pulse pattern is connected between the input and output of the pulse regenerator 83, said pulse pattern generator being stabilized in phase by a control voltage obtained by global information modulation

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received and the periodic and synchronous pulse pattern in a product modulator 19 generated in the generator cal 8 of the pulse pattern, the clock impulses serving to control the pulse regenerator 83 for the amplification of the pulse series, such as main information signal that was original in the clock pulse generator 16 incorporated in the local generator 8 of the pulse pattern, combining the output voltage j

of the local generator 8 of the pulse pattern in a positive combination 87 with the output voltage of the pulse regenerator 83 for further transmission through the transmission circuit 64. In particular, the value of the local pulse pattern applied to the combination device 87 is carried, possibly by means of an attenuator, to the above-mentioned lower value of -25 dB relative to the main information signal.¹

In the embodiment shown, the local generator 8 of the pulse pattern is constructed in exactly the same way as in the transmitter and receiver, as already. The corresponding elements provided with the same reference numbers have been described, having been provided with a double indica. In particular, the generator 8 of the impulse naut conrorenues a shift register j ί, a feedback register having five register elements of i

¡Displacement 11 - 15, an adder 17 of module two and ¡the clock pulse generator 16, which displaces the ¡¡

contents of the scroll register elements

- 15, the generator 16 being stabilized in phase¹ ¡

clock pulses in the same way as in the case of the receiver

tor of fig. 1, by the control voltage generated in eg product modulator 19, whose voltage controls a frequency corrector 21 connected through^a cireui-j

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to integrator 20 with the clock pulse generator 16. Without significant influence on the part of the main information signal, an exact phase stabilization is obtained and, as a result, a synchronization of the pulse pattern generated by the local generator 8 of the pattern, with the pulse pattern generated at the end of the impeller, so that the output signal of the local generator 8 of the pulse pattern can be applied directly to the combination device 87 for further transmission i

Ja through transmission circuit 64.

In addition to the amplification function of the main information signal and the auxiliary information signal, which is the only function performed by a linear amplifier, a pulse regeneration is also obtained with the regenerative repeater of fig. 2, so that in the regenerative repeater the distortions of the impulses and the variations at the moment of the correction of the impulses are corrected in the main information signal and in the auxiliary information signal, caused in the transmission circuit 64 , as a result of which an optimum transmission quality is obtained from the transmitter to the receiver. This also made it possible to obtain optimum transmission efficiency; in fact, the experts have shown that the transmitter, the receiver and the regenerative repeater can be connected without difficulty to the transmission circuit 64 through adaptation transformers 88, 89, 90, 91- In the embodiment shown as an example, transformers will be used of adaptation with a rectilinear characteristic of frequency in the range of 0.001 to 2 lic / s.

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Since the group synchronization pulse can be recovered in a particularly simple manner in the regenerative repeater described, the sale of a particularly flexible transmission system is obtained in relation to the passing connection of multi-time plex or control channels to distance, particularly in time-multiplex transmission, in addition to optimal transmission quality and efficiency in it, using the medical devices according to the invention. Particularly, the group synchronization pulse is reconnected by connecting the ends of the elements 11-15

Postponement to a door And 5d of the! for the receiver of fig..l, group synchronization of the output is derived and used for the intern connection ucj multiple channels in time and / or for the dol rcϊ control of the uc¿ register

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I have already described the momentum of the door and 53 regenerative request. F

To this end, the regenerative repeater in the I multiple transmission system: in the time quo has | 31 channels and that we have shown, I understand a counter 1, 92 controlled by the generator 16 of clock impulses and with 31 computation positions and 31 outputs that are mail, put with them, returning the counter 92 to its position every time Starting from the use of the door group sicconi-zation impulse Y 53. The 31 outputs of the counter II 92 thus provide output pulses corresponding to the relevant position of the meter. | i

For the through-time connection of a multi- I plex channel in time, the regenerative repeater is provided!

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In addition to a selection door in the form of a door Y 93 and connected to an output of the meter, an element of

Subsequent memory 94, for example a biserable table multivibrator, and a selection door formed by the Y 95 port and connected to the bistable multivibrator 94, a knowledge pulse coming from a second multiple system being adjusted: in time a another transmission circuit tanjto the memory element 94 as well as the gate Y 95 on the line 96, whose connection pulse is also derived, for example, from a counter Ii. ün biphasic rectifier ¡* í ¡97 for the conversion of the main information signal formed by a series of trivalent impulses in the original series of bivalent impulses is also connected aj!

the output of the pulse regenerator 83, the output of the two-phase rectifier 97 being connected to the input of the door Y 93.

If desired, in the described device, connect, for example, the kth channel of the multiplex in the time of the first multiplex system in time to the 1-th channel of multiplex in the time of the second multiplex system in the time, then for this purpose, the k-th output of the counter II 92 is connected to the gate Y 93 and the 1-th output of the counter II of the second multiplex system in time is connected via line 96 to the element of memory 94 and to door Y 95. Thus, the pulses of the k-th channel of multiplex in the time of the multiplex system in the described time, which are written in the memory element 94, are extracted by the 1-th output of counter II of the second multiplex system in time and transmitted by the gate Y 95

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Ϊ BlU · »at its output so that the pulses of the k-th channel of multiplex at the time of the first multiplex system in time can be derived at the output of gate Y 95 exactly at the time intervals assigned to channel 1 -thime multiplex in time of the second sife theme of time multiplex.

When a plurality of time multiplex channels is connected to gate Y 93, memory element 94 and I^to Door Y 95 are built in a multiplex design.

To control the regenerative repeater described, the memory element 94 and the gate Y 95 can; I skip often; particularly for control purposes j ΐ

it is frequently sufficient to apply the output pulses of the gate Y 93 through a control circuit;

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separated to an indicator device incorporated in the transmitter or receiver.

The present application that corresponds to the one filed in the Netherlands, dated February 23, 1968, under KS 68-02652, is subject to the benefits of article 51 of the current Industrial Property Statute.

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The points of own and new invention, which are presented to be the subject of this Certificate application