Substrate, in particular glass substrate, supporting a photocatalytic layer coated with a protective thin layer
Abstract
Structure comprising a substrate that carries, on at least a part of its surface, a layer with photocatalytic properties, anti-dirt, based on titanium dioxide (TiO2), coated with a thin layer containing silicon and oxygen, covering power, non-porous, suitable to ensure mechanical and chemical protection of the underlying photocatalytic layer while maintaining the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, characterized in that it contains, immediately below the TiO2-based layer, a sublayer that has a crystallographic structure that has allowed an assistance to crystallization by heteroepitaxial growth in anatase form of the TiO2-based upper layer.
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20 claims: 5 independent, 15 dependent
- 1ES 2 347 440 T3 REIVINDICACIONES 1. Estructura que comprende un sustrato que lleva, sobre al menos una parte de su superficie, una capa con propiedades fotocatalíticas, antisuciedad, a base de dióxido de titanio (TiO2), revestida con una capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno, de poder cubriente, no porosa, apta para asegurar una protección mecánica y química de la capa fotocatalítica subyacente manteniendo la actividad fotocatalítica del TiO 2 , caracterizada porque contiene, inmediatamente por debajo de la capa a base de TiO 2 , una subcapa que presenta una estructura cristalográfica que ha permitido una asistencia a la cristalización por crecimiento heteroepitaxial en forma anatasa de la capa superior a base de TiO2.
- 2Estructura según la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque dicha subcapa está constituida por ATiO3, donde A designa bario o estroncio.
- 3Estructura según las reivindicaciones 1 o 2, caracterizada porque dicha capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno está presente en forma de película continua.
- 4Estructura según las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizada porque dicha capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno se presenta en forma de una película que se adapta a las rugosidades de la superficie de la capa con propiedades fotocatalíticas subyacente.
- 5Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, caracterizada porque la capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno es una capa de al menos un compuesto de silicio y de oxígeno escogido entre SiO 2 , SiOC, SiON, SiO x con x 2 y SiOCH.
- 6Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, caracterizada porque la capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno es una capa de al menos un compuesto de silicio y de oxígeno a la cual está asociado al menos un compuesto escogido entreAl2O3 y ZrO2.
- 7Estructura según la reivindicación 6, caracterizada porque la relación atómica (Al y/o Zr)/Si no es superior a 1.
- 8Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 6 y 7, caracterizada porque la relación Al/Si está comprendida entre 0,03 y 0,5, en particular entre 0,05 y 0,1.
- 9Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 6 a 8, caracterizada porque la relación Zr/Si está comprendida entre 0,05 y 0,4.
- 10Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, caracterizada porque la capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno tiene un espesor de como máximo 15 nm, en especial de como máximo 10 nm y en particular de como máximo 8 nm, siendo preferentemente de como mucho 5 nm o aproximadamente 5 nm, en particular de 2 a 3 nm.
- 11Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, caracterizada porque la capa a base de dióxido de titanio está constituida por TiO2 solo o por TiO2 dopado por al menos un dopante escogido en especial entre N;cationes pentavalentes como Nb, Ta, V;Fe;y Zr.
- 12Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 11, caracterizada porque la capa a base de TiO 2 se ha depositado mediante un procedimiento sol-gel, o por un procedimiento de pirólisis, en especial en fase gaseosa, o por pulverización catódica, a temperatura ambiente, bajo vacío, asistida, llegado el caso, por campo magnético y/o haz de iones, con utilización de un blanco metálico o de TiO x con x 2 y de una atmósfera oxidante, o con utilización de un blanco TiO2 y de una atmósfera inerte, pudiendo haber sido sometido el TiO2 producido por la pulverización catódica a continuación a un tratamiento térmico a fin de presentarse en estado cristalino en una forma catalíticamente activa.
- 13Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 12, caracterizada porque la capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno se ha depositado por pulverización catódica, a temperatura ambiente, bajo vacío, asistida, llegado el caso, por campo magnético y/o haz de iones, con utilización de un blanco de Si dopado Al (8% atómico) bajo atmósfera de Ar + O2 a una presión de 0,2 Pa.
- 14Estructura según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 13, caracterizada porque el sustrato está constituido por una placa, plana o de caras curvas o combadas, de vidrio monolitico o laminado, de material vitrocerámico o de un material termoplástico duro, tal como policarbonato, o incluso por fibras de vidrio o de vitrocerámica, habiendo recibido dichas placas o dichas fibras, llegado el caso, al menos otra capa funcional antes de la aplicación de la capa de asistencia a la cristalización por crecimiento heteroepitaxial de la capa a base de TiO2.
- 15Estructura según la reivindicación 14, caracterizada porque la capa u otras capas funcionales se escogen entre capas de funcionalidad óptica, capas de control térmico, capas conductoras, así como en el caso en el que el sustrato sea de vidrio o de material vitrocerámico, capas que hacen barrera a la migración de los alcalinos del vidrio o del material vitrocerámico. ES 2 347 440 T3
- 16Procedimiento de fabricación de una estructura tal como se ha definido en una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 15, en la cual:- se deposita sobre un sustrato de vidrio o de material vitrocerámico o de material plástico duro de tipo policarbonato, de tipo placa, o sobre fibras de vidrio o de vitrocerámica, una capa de TiO 2 eventualmente dopada que se somete a un tratamiento térmico para conferirle propiedades catalíticas en el caso en que ésta no sea aportada por las condiciones utilizadas para su depósito;- después se deposita sobre dicha capa con propiedades fotocatalíticas una capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno tal como la definida en una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 10, Estando dicho procedimiento caracterizado porque se deposita, inmediatamente por debajo de la capa a base de TiO2, una subcapa que presenta una estructura cristalográfica que ha permitido una asistencia a la cristalización por crecimiento heteroepitaxial en la forma anatasa de la capa superior a base de TiO2.
- 17Procedimiento según la reivindicación 16, caracterizado porque se efectúa sucesivamente el depósito de una capa de TiO2 y el de la capa delgada que contiene silicio y oxígeno a temperatura ambiente, por pulverización catódica bajo vacío, asistida, llegado el caso, por campo magnético y/o haz de iones, en el mismo recinto, siendo las condiciones las siguientes:- para el depósito de la capa a base de TiO 2 , alimentación en modo de corriente continua o de corriente alterna bajo una presión de 1-3 mbar y bajo atmósfera de oxígeno + gas inerte (argón), a partir de un blanco de Ti o TiO x , con x = 1,5 a 2;- para el depósito de la capa que contiene silicio y oxígeno, una alimentación en modo de corriente alterna bajo una presión de 0,1 a 1,0 Pa y una atmósfera de Ar + O 2 a partir de un blanco que tiene un alto contenido de silicio;siendo precedido el depósito de la capa de TiO2 por el depósito de una subcapa de asistencia a la cristalización por crecimiento epitaxial en la forma anatasa de la capa de TiO2.
- 18Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 16 y 17, en el cual se realiza el revestimiento de un sustrato en vidrio o en material vitrocerámico, caracterizado porque antes de la aplicación de la subcapa asociada a la capa de TiO2, se deposita sobre el sustrato al menos una capa que forma barrera frente a la migración de los alcalinos presentes en el vidrio o en el material vitrocerámico, pudiendo entonces efectuarse un recocido o un templado después del depósito de la capa de TiO2 y de la capa delgada a base de silicio que la recubre a una temperatura comprendida entre 250°C y 550°C, preferentemente entre 350°C y 500°C para el recocido y a una temperatura de al menos 600°C para el templado.
- 19Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 16 a 18, caracterizado porque después de la eventual aplicación de al menos una capa que hace barrera frente a la migración de los alcalinos y porque antes de la subcapa asociada a la capa de TiO2, se deposita al menos una capa funcional escogida entre capas de funcionalidad óptica, capas de control térmico y capas conductoras, siendo depositadas dichas capas funcionales de forma ventajosa por pulverización catódica, bajo vacío, asistida, llegado el caso, por campo magnético y/o haz de iones.
- 20Acristalamiento simple o múltiple, en particular para el automóvil o la edificación, que comprende sobre al menos una cara, respectivamente, una estructura tal como la definida en una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 15, siendo dicha cara en especial la orientada hacia el exterior, pero pudiendo ser igualmente la orientada hacia el interior.
Independent claims20
82 paragraphs in 5 sections, as filed
ES 2 347 440 T3
DESCRIPTION
Substrate, particularly glass substrate, having a layer with photocatalytic properties coated with a thin protective layer.
The present invention relates to substrates such as glass, glass-ceramic or plastic substrates which have been provided with a coating with photocatalytic properties to give them a so-called anti-stain or anti-dirt or self-cleaning function.
An important application of these substrates has to do with glazing, which can be for very diverse applications, from functional glazing to glazing used in household appliances, from glazing for vehicles to glazing for buildings.
Likewise, it also applies to mirror-type reflective glass (home mirrors or vehicle rear-view mirrors) and light-weight opacified glass.
Similarly, the invention also applies to non-transparent substrates, such as ceramic substrates or any other substrate that can, in particular, be used as an architectural material (metal, tiled tiles, ...). It is preferably applied, regardless of the nature of the substrate, to substantially flat or slightly curved substrates.
Photocatalytic coatings have already been studied, especially those based on crystallized titanium oxide in the anatase form. Its ability to degrade dirt and stains of organic origin or microorganisms under the effect of UV radiation is very interesting. Often, they also have a hydrophilic character, which allows the removal of dirt of mineral origin by projection of water or, for the exterior windows, by rain.
This type of coating with anti-dirt, bactericidal and algaecide properties has already been described, especially in patent document WO 97/10186, which describes various ways of obtaining it.
If it is not protected, the layer with photocatalytic properties suffers, over time, a wear that is manifested by a loss of its activity, a loss of the optical qualities of the structure (appearance of a fuzzy halo, a coloration) , even due to a delamination of the layer.
If the thickness of the layer with photocatalytic properties is decreased, the coloration that may appear when the latter is partially altered will be less intense and the color variation will be less over time. However, this decrease in thickness will be detrimental to the performance of the layer.
Therefore, it is necessary to ensure mechanical and chemical protection of the layer, the protective layer must be thin, so that the layer with photocatalytic properties fully maintains its function.
From the European patent application document EP-A-0 820 967 an anti-fog element is known comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent film of a photocatalyst formed on the transparent substrate and a transparent porous mineral oxide film formed on the photocatalyst film and having a surface exhibiting hydrophilic properties.
Likewise, from the Japanese patent document JP 2002 047 032 a process for manufacturing a substrate coated with a photocatalytic membrane is known that comprises the steps that consist in spreading TiO nanoparticles<sub>2</sub> crystalline structure of anatase and 5-10 nm using a spray gun and heating and sputtering a SiO membrane<sub>2</sub> that coats the TiO particles<sub>2</sub>.
Neither of these structures is satisfactory; the first, due to the porous nature of the protective coating, which, due to the presence of the pores, does not ensure sufficient protection of the layer with catalytic properties and the second, due to an insufficient level of photocatalytic material, which does not forms a continuous layer.
The application JP 2000-289134 describes a structure comprising a layer of TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalytic coated by a layer comprising hydrophilic metal oxide particles in a hydrophilic metal oxide binder. This layer is porous or has an island structure.
A structure comprising a photocatalytic layer of TiO is also known from application EP 1 074 525<sub>2</sub> topped by a hydrophilic layer of SiO<sub>2</sub> 10 nm thick.
In the first place, the object of the invention is a structure comprising a substrate that carries, on at least a part of its surface, a layer with photocatalytic, anti-dirt properties, based on titanium dioxide (TiO2), characterized in that said layer with photocatalytic properties is covered by a thin layer containing silicon and oxygen, with covering power, non-porous, suitable for ensuring mechanical and chemical protection of the underlying photocatalytic layer while maintaining the photocatalytic activity of TiO<sub>2</sub>. The structure according to the present invention is characterized in that it has, immediately below the TiO-based layer<sub>2</sub>, a sublayer that presents a structure
ES 2 347 440 T3 crystallographic that has allowed an assistance to crystallization by heteroepitaxial growth in the anatase form of the upper layer based on TiO<sub>2</sub>, constituted in particular by ATiO<sub>3</sub>, designating A barium or strontium.
The conditions for preparing the titanium dioxide-based layer, such as the nature and purity of the starting products, the possible solvent, the heat treatment, ... must be adapted in a known manner with a view to obtaining the necessary ingredients. photocatalytic and anti-dirt properties.
Preferably, said thin layer containing silicon and oxygen is present in the form of a continuous film. In particular, said thin layer is advantageously presented in the form of a film that conforms to the roughness of the surface of the layer with underlying photocatalytic properties.
The thin layer containing silicon and oxygen is, in particular, a layer of at least one compound of silicon and oxygen chosen from SiO<sub>2</sub>, SiOC, SiON, SiOx with x <2 and SiOCH, SiO being especially preferred<sub>2</sub>.
According to an interesting variant of the structure according to the present invention, the thin layer containing silicon and oxygen is a layer of at least one compound of silicon and oxygen to which is associated at least one compound chosen from Al<sub>2</sub>OR<sub>3</sub> and ZrO<sub>2</sub>, providing such compound chemical inertness and reinforcing resistance to hydrolysis. The role of Al can be underlined<sub>2</sub>OR<sub>3</sub>, known inert oxide that increases the chemical resistance of the whole.
The atomic ratio (Al and / or Zr) / Si is generally not greater than 1, the Al / Si ratio being advantageously between 0.03 and 0.5, in particular between 0.05 and 0.1 and Zr / Si ratio, between 0.05 and 0.4.
The thin layer containing silicon and oxygen may have a thickness of not more than 15 nm, in particular of not more than 10 nm, in particular of not more than 8 nm, and preferably of not more than 5 nm and in particular of 2 to 3 nm. .
Said each thin provides a lubricating effect and has a mechanical role. Improves resistance to scratching and abrasion.
This higher mechanical resistance and this better chemical resistance are not obtained, however, to the detriment of a decrease in photocatalytic activity. Indeed, although it might be expected that the catalytic activity of the TiO-based layer<sub>2</sub> finally obtained will decrease due to the masking of it by the SiO overlay<sub>2</sub>, this photocatalytic activity is preserved and even improved; in fact, dirt, diluted in a uniform film of SiO2 due to the hydrophilic nature of the latter, is more easily destroyed by TiO2.
The titanium dioxide-based layer consists of TiO2 alone or of TiO2 doped with at least one dopant chosen in particular from N; pentavalent cations such as Nb, Ta, V; Fe and Zr. This TiO2-based layer may have been deposited by a sol-gel process or by a pyrolysis process, especially in the gas phase, or by sputtering, at room temperature, under vacuum, if necessary assisted by magnetic field and / or ion beam, using a metallic target or TiO<sub>x</sub> with x <2 and an oxidizing atmosphere, or with the use of a TiO2 blank and an inert atmosphere, the TiO2 produced by sputtering may then have been subjected to heat treatment in order to appear in a crystallized state in a photocatalytically active form.
The thin layer containing silicon and oxygen has been deposited, in particular, by sputtering, at room temperature, under vacuum, assisted, if necessary, by magnetic field and / or ion beam, using a Si target. doped with Al (8 atomic%) under Ar + O2 atmosphere at a pressure of 0.2 Pa.
The structure according to the present invention has, immediately below the TiO-based layer<sub>2</sub>, a sublayer that presents a crystallographic structure that has allowed assistance to crystallization by heteroepitaxial growth in the anatase form of the upper layer based on TiO2, especially constituted by ATiO3, designating A barium or strontium. The thickness of this underlayer is not critical; it can be, for example, between 10 nm and 100 nm.
The substrate is constituted, for example, by a plate, flat or with curved or warped faces, of monolithic or laminated glass, of glass-ceramic material or of a hard thermoplastic material, such as polycarbonate, or even of glass or glass-ceramic fibers. , having received said plates or said fibers, if necessary, at least one other functional layer before the application of the TiO2-based layer or of a layer to assist crystallization by heteroepitaxial growth of the latter. (In the case of more than one layer, one can also speak of stacking or layers).
The applications of the plates have been previously recalled. As for the fibers, it is possible to mention their application in the filtration of air or water, as well as bactericidal applications.
The other functional layer (s) are chosen from layers with optical functionality, thermal control layers, conductive layers, as well as, in the case where the substrate is made of glass or glass-ceramic material, layers that act as a barrier to the migration of the alkalis from glass or glass-ceramic material.
ES 2 347 440 T3
The layers with optical functionality are, in particular, anti-reflective, light filtering, coloring, diffusing, etc. layers. SiO layers can be cited<sub>2</sub>, Yes<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, Uncle<sub>2</sub>, SnO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO.
Thermal control layers are, in particular, solar control layers or so-called low-emissivity layers.
The conductive layers are, in particular, heating, antenna or antistatic layers; between these layers can be counted the networks of conductive wires.
In the case in which the substrate is made of glass or glass-ceramic material, at least one functional layer that makes the glass or glass-ceramic barrier to alkalis can be arranged below the sublayer to assist the crystallization of the layer with properties photocatalytic.
The other functional layers (with optical functionality, thermal control, conductive layers) are, when present, above the barrier layer (s).
Alkali migration is likely to result from the application of temperatures that exceed 600 ° C. Such layers are known which form a barrier to alkalis during subsequent heat treatments and SiO layers can be mentioned.<sub>2</sub>, SiOC, SiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>Y</sub>, Yes<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, for example at least 5 or 10 nm thick, in many cases at least 50 nm, as described in PCT international application document WO 02/24971.
As an example, one can mention substrates made of glass or glass-ceramic material, especially of the plate type, which have received a layer that acts as a barrier to the migration of alkalis from the glass or glass-ceramic material and then a mono, bi or triple layer with functionality. optics.
The present invention also has for its object a method of manufacturing a structure such as that previously defined, according to claim 16.
In particular, a layer of TiO is deposited successively<sub>2</sub> and that of the thin layer containing silicon and oxygen at room temperature, by sputtering under vacuum, assisted, if necessary, by magnetic field and / or ion beam, in the same room, the following conditions being:
- for depositing the TiO-based layer<sub>2</sub>, supply in direct current or alternating current mode under a pressure of 1-3 mbar and under an atmosphere of oxygen + inert gas (argon), from a Ti or TiO blank<sub>x</sub>, with x = 1.5 to 2;
- stop the deposition of the layer containing silicon and oxygen, a feed in alternating current mode under a pressure of 0.1 to 1 Pa and an atmosphere of Ar + O<sub>2</sub> starting from a target with high silicon content, the deposition of the TiO2 layer being preceded by the deposition of a sublayer assisting crystallization by epitaxial growth in the anatase form of the TiO2 layer.
The conditions of a non-porous silicon and oxygen-containing layer deposition are known to the skilled person, being, in particular, conditions of low pressure and high power (Thornton diagram).
In the case in which the coating of a glass or glass-ceramic substrate is carried out, it can be envisaged that before the application of the subcoat associated with the TiO layer<sub>2</sub>, at least one layer is deposited on the substrate that forms a barrier to the migration of alkalines present in the glass or in the glass-ceramic material, an annealing or tempering can then be carried out, which can then be carried out after the layer has been deposited of TiO2 and of the thin silicon-based layer that covers it at a temperature between 250 ° C and 550 ° C, preferably between 350 ° C and 500 ° C for annealing and at a temperature of at least 600 ° C for annealing. tempered.
Likewise, it can be provided according to the invention that after the eventual application of at least one layer that forms a barrier to the migration of alkalines and that before the application of the sublayer associated with the TiO2 layer, at least one layer is deposited functional layer chosen from layers with optical functionality, thermal control layers and conductive layers, said functional layers being deposited, advantageously by sputtering, under vacuum, assisted, if necessary, by magnetic field and / or ion beam.
The present invention also concerns a single or multiple glazing, in particular for the automobile or construction, comprising, on at least one face, a structure according to the invention such as that previously defined, said face being in particular towards the outside, but being able to also be inward-facing.
The faces of these glazings that do not have the structure of the present invention may have at least one other functional layer.
Such glazing finds application as: "self-cleaning" glazing, mainly anti-fog, anti-stain and anti-condensation, mainly for double-glazed buildings; glazing for vehicles of the type windshield, rear window, side windows of the car; mirrors; glazing for trains, airplanes, ships; Utility glazing such as aquarium glass, shop windows, greenhouses, interior furniture, street furniture, (bus shelters, advertising panels, ...), mirrors, display screens.
ES 2 347 440 T3 display systems of the computer, television or telephone type; Electronically controlled glazing such as electrochromic, liquid crystal, electroluminescent glazing, photovoltaic glazing.
Examples 1a and 1b (outside the invention)
Glass / SiO stacking<sub>2</sub> : Al / TiO<sub>2</sub>/ SiO<sub>2</sub>:To the
On a glass plate with a thickness of 4 mm, the following successive layers were deposited:
- a SiO sublayer<sub>2</sub> 150 nm thick Al doped;
- a layer of TiO<sub>2</sub> 100 nm thick (Example 1a) or 20 nm thick (Example 1b); Y
- a SiO overlay<sub>2</sub> 2 nm thick Al-doped.
The SiO sublayer<sub>2</sub>: Al is deposited from a target Si: Al (8 atomic% aluminum) with a power of 2000 W, with the following gaseous flow rates: 15 normal cubic centimeters per minute (sccm, for its acronym in English) Ar and 15 sccm OR<sub>2</sub> and under a pressure of 2 x 10 <sup>3</sup> mbar.
TiO layer<sub>2</sub> is deposited from a TiO blank<sub>x</sub> with a power of 2000 W, with the following gas flow rates: 200 sccm Ar and 2 sccm O<sub>2</sub> and under a pressure of 23 x 10 <sup>3</sup> mbar.
SiO overlay<sub>2</sub>: Al is deposited from a target Si: Al (8 atomic% aluminum) with a power of 1000 W, with the following gas flow rates: 15 sccm Ar and 15 sccm O<sub>2</sub> and under a pressure of 2 x 10 <sup>3</sup> mbar.
Examples 2a and 2b (comparative)
Glass / SiO stacking<sub>2</sub>: Al / TiO<sub>2</sub>
The same stacks have been made as in Examples 1a and 1b, except that the SiO2: Al overlay has been omitted.
Example 3 (comparative)
Stacking glass / SiO2: Al / TiO<sub>2</sub>/ SiO<sub>2</sub>:To the
The same stack has been manufactured as in example 1a, except instead of the SiO overlay<sub>2</sub>: Al, an overlay of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>: Al also 2 nm thick from a Si: Al blank (8 atomic% Al) with a power of 1000 W, with the following gas flow rates: 18 sccm Ar and 12 sccm N<sub>2</sub> and under a pressure of 2 x 10<sup>-3</sup> mbar.
Example 4
Opel test resistance
A strong improvement in the resistance to the Opel test (dry rubbing of the stack surface with the aid of a felt pad) was observed when switching from the stack of Example 2a to the stack of Example 1a.
No change is observed when moving from the stack of Example 2a to the stack of Example 3.
In addition, before and after the previously mentioned Opel test, the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 layer of each of the stacks of examples 1a, 2a and 3 was evaluated, according to the stearic acid photodegradation test, followed by infrared transmission. , described in PCT international application WO 00/75087.
The results are shown together in Table I. This table also shows the colorimetric variation in reflection on the side of the layer due to the Opel test () E), the fuzzy halo (“flou”) induced by the Opel test and the Observation of the layer regarding its delamination after the Opel test.
ES 2 347 440 T3
TABLE I
<td rowspan="2">Example</td><td colspan="2">TAS (cmmin '<sup>1</sup>)</td><td rowspan="2">)AND</td><td rowspan="2">Halo (%)</td><td rowspan="2">fuzzy</td><td rowspan="2">Delamination</td>
<td>Before the test Opel</td><td>After the test Opel</td>
<td>1st (invention)</td><td>59 x 1O<sup>-3</sup></td><td>41 x 10 '<sup>3</sup></td><td> 2,0</td><td colspan="2"> 0,5</td><td>do not</td>
<td>2nd (comparative)</td><td>54 x 1O<sup>-3</sup></td><td>25 x 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td> 9,3</td><td colspan="2"> 9,3</td><td>Yes</td>
<td>3 (comparative)</td><td>40 x 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td>15 x 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td> 10,0</td><td colspan="2"> 12</td><td>Yes</td>
Example 5
Taber Test
An improvement in the resistance to the Taber test (resistance to abrasion = resistance to the passage of an abrasive wheel) has been observed when passing from the stack of example 2b to the stack of example 1b.
The layer from Example 2b delaminates after 500 passes in the Taber test. For the stack of Example 1b, 0.8% haze fuzzy is observed after 200 passes in the Taber test and 2% haze fuzzy after 500 passes in the Taber test.
Example 6
BSN test
An improvement in the resistance to the BSN test (neutral salt spray) has been observed when moving from the stack of Example 2a to the stack of Example 1a.
Contents5
26 members in 17 offices
Priority claims4
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0350730 | France | A | |
| 0350730 | France | A | |
| 048057740350730 | – | – | – |
| FR20030050730 | – | – | – |
Members26
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2861386A1 | France | A1 | |
| AU2004283938A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| CA2543156A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2005040056A2 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A2 | |
| WO2005040056A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| FR2861386B1 | France | B1 | |
| MXPA06004355A | Mexico | A | |
| EP1678093A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| KR20060090829A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| BRPI0415700A | Brazil | A | |
| CN1898172A | China | A | |
| ZA200604042B | South Africa | B | |
| JP2007512154A | Japan | A | |
| US2007148064A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| EP1678093B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| AT471303T | Austria | T | |
| ATE471303T1 | Austria | T1 | |
| AU2004283938B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| DE602004027751D1 | Germany | D1 | |
| PT1678093E | Portugal | E | |
| ES2347440T3This record | Spain | T3 | |
| PL1678093T3 | Poland | T3 | |
| US7884047B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| CN1898172B | China | B | |
| KR101131157B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| BRPI0415700B1 | Brazil | B1 |
Numbers
- Publication, DOCDB
- 2347440
- Publication, EPODOC
- ES2347440T
- Application
- 4805774
- Application, DOCDB
- 04805774
- Application, EPODOC
- ES20040805774T
Titles2
- Spanish
- SUSTRATO, PARTICULARMENTE SUSTRATO DE VIDRIO, QUE TIENE UNA CAPA CON PROPIEDADES FOTOCATALITICAS REVESTIDA DE UNA CAPA PROTECTORA DELGADA.
- English
- SUBSTRATE, PARTICULARLY GLASS SUBSTRATE, WHICH HAS A COAT WITH PHOTOCATALITICAL PROPERTIES COVERED WITH A THIN PROTECTIVE COAT.
Classification
- CPC, 12
- C03C17/3417
- C03C17/23
- C03C17/3423
- C03C17/3435
- C03C17/3441
- C03C2217/71
- Y10T428/2991
- Y10T428/2993
- Y10T428/29
- B32B17/00
- B32B33/00
- C23C14/08
- IPC, 2
- C03C17 34
- B01J35 00