Medication dispenser

Technical Field

0001The disclosure relates to a medication dispenser, and more particularly to a medical inhaler.

Background

0002A conventional medication dispenser includes a mouthpiece, a conveying strip that has a plurality of capsules each containing a dose of medication, and a lever that is associated with the conveying strip. Upon operation of the lever, the capsules are aligned with the mouthpiece one at a time, so a user is able to inhale the dose in an aligned one of the capsules via the mouthpiece. <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="WO03092576A2"><text>WO 03/092576 A2</text></patcit> relates to an alerting system for use with a medicament dispenser. <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="WO03095010A2"><text>WO 03/095010 A2</text></patcit> relates to the delivery of dry powder substances, such as dose-regulated pharmaceutical products, as inhalant aerosols.

Summary

0003The object of the disclosure is to provide a medication dispenser that can switch between an idle/standby state and an operating state.

0004The invention is set out in the appended set of claims.

Brief Description of Drawings

0005Other features and advantages of the disclosure will become apparent in the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li><figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref> is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the medication dispenser according to the disclosure used in a medical care monitoring system;</li><li><figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating an outer casing of the first embodiment at a close position;</li><li><figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref> is fragmentary exploded perspective view illustrating the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0004">Figure 4</figref> is schematic top view illustrating a dispensing device of the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a main circuit module of the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0006">Figure 6</figref> is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line S1-S1 in <figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0007">Figure 7</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a Hall sensor of the first embodiment in a first detecting state;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">Figure 8</figref> is another schematic top view illustrating the Hall sensor in a second detecting state;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">Figure 9</figref> is a schematic side view illustrating the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0010">Figure 10</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a flow path formed in the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">Figure 11</figref> is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line S2-S2 in <figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">Figure 12</figref> is a schematic fragmentary top view illustrating a capacitive sensor, an infrared proximity sensor and an infrared temperature sensor of the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0013">Figure 13</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a cover unit of the first embodiment;</li><li><figref idref="f0014">Figure 14</figref> is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the outer casing in contact with a first switch;</li><li><figref idref="f0015">Figure 15</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating the outer casing at an open position;</li><li><figref idref="f0016">Figure 16</figref> is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the outer casing in contact with a second switch;</li><li><figref idref="f0017 f0018 f0019 f0020 f0021 f0022">Figures 17-22</figref> illustrate a display of a portable mobile communication device executing an application;</li><li><figref idref="f0023">Figure 23</figref> is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating a second embodiment of the medication dispenser according to the disclosure;</li><li><figref idref="f0024">Figure 24</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a modification of the medication dispenser of <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0025">Figure 25</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a third embodiment of the medication dispenser according to the disclosure;</li><li><figref idref="f0026">Figure 26</figref> is a schematic top view illustrating a fourth embodiment of the medication dispenser according to the disclosure in an idle/standby state; and</li><li><figref idref="f0026">Figure 27</figref> is another schematic top view illustrating the fourth embodiment in an operating state.</li></ul>

Detailed description

0006Before the disclosure is described in greater detail, it should be noted that where considered appropriate, reference numerals or terminal portions of reference numerals have been repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements, which may optionally have similar characteristics.

0007Referring to <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>, the first embodiment of the medication dispenser 10 according to the disclosure is for use in a medical care monitoring system. The medication dispenser 10 can be connected to a portable mobile communication device 12 via a first communication network 11 to enable data transfer therebetween. By such, a patient can be conveniently informed about the method of operation and the status of the medication dispenser 10 by the portable mobile communication device 12. The portable mobile communication device 12 may be configured as a smartphone, a smartwatch or a notebook computer. The portable mobile communication device 12 can be connected to a network computer 14 via a second communication network 13 to enable data transfer from the portable mobile communication device 12 to the network computer 14. By such, physicians or pharmacists can monitor the status of the medication treatment of the patient by a monitoring device 15 that is connected to the network computer 14 via a third communication network 16. The monitoring device 15 may be configured as a desktop computer or a smartphone. The first communication network 11 may be a Bluetooth network. Each of the second and third communication networks 13, 16 may be the Internet. In one embodiment, the first communication network 11 is a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) network.

0008Referring to <figref idref="f0002 f0003 f0004">Figures 2 to 4</figref>, the first embodiment of the medication dispenser 10 is configured as a medical inhaler, and includes a base seat 2, a dispensing device 3, a circuitry unit 4, a seal member 5, a cover unit 6 and an outer casing 7.

0009The base seat 2 includes a seat body 21, and a mouthpiece 23 that is mounted to the seat body 21. The seat body 21 has a top wall 210. The top wall 210 has a main wall portion 211, and a protruding wall portion 212 that protrudes upwardly from the main wall portion 211. The main wall portion 211 of the top wall 210 is formed with a plurality of spaced-apart intake channels 213, and an arc-shaped communicating channel 214 that is in fluid communication with the intake channels 213. The seat body 21 defines a retaining space 216 that is for retaining the dispensing device 3, an inlet path 215 that is in fluid communication with an end of the communicating channel 214 and the retaining space 216, and an outlet path 217 that is in fluid communication with the retaining space 216 and that is located below the inlet path 215. The mouthpiece 23 covers the inlet path 215 and the outlet path 217, and is for contact with the patient's lips.

0010The dispensing device 3 includes a conveying strip 31, a notched wheel 32, a wrapping wheel 33, a peeler 34 and an operating member 35. The conveying strip 31 includes a base sheet 311 and a lid sheet 312. The base sheet 311 of the conveying strip 31 is elongated and has a longitudinal end connected to a post 218 of the seat body 21. The base sheet 311 extends around the notched wheel 32, and has a plurality of spaced-apart capsules 313 each of which contains a dose of powdered medication. The lid sheet 312 of the conveying strip 31 is elongated, and is for sealing the capsules 313. A portion of the lid sheet 312 is separated from the base sheet 311, and is wound around the wrapping wheel 33. The notched wheel 32 is rotatably mounted to the seat body 21, and has a plurality of equidistantly and angularly spaced-apart notches 321 that are formed in an outer surrounding surface thereof. Each of the notches 321 is for receiving one of the capsules 313 therein, so that the conveying strip 31 meshes with the notched wheel 32. The wrapping wheel 33 is rotatably mounted to the seat body 21, and wraps the portion of the lid sheet 312 that is separated from the base sheet 311.

0011The wrapping wheel 33 and the notched wheel 32 are associated with each other by two gears (not shown) that are respectively connected to the wrapping wheel 33 and the notched wheel 32 and that mesh with each other. The peeler 34 is disposed between the notched wheel 32 and the wrapping wheel 33, and is for separating the lid sheet 312 from the base sheet 311. The operating member 35 has a major portion mounted in the receiving space 216. The operating member 35 is associated with the notched wheel 32 by virtue of a one-way transmission mechanism (not shown), and has a lever portion 351 that projects out of the seat body 21. Upon depression of the lever portion 351, the operating member 35 drives the notched wheel 32 to rotate by a predetermined angle via the one-way transmission mechanism, so that one of the capsules 313 of the conveying strip 31 is driven to be aligned with and in fluid communication with the inlet path 215 and the outlet path 217, so as to permit the patient to inhale the dose therein via the mouthpiece 23. At the same time, the peeler 34 partially separates the lid sheet 312 from the base sheet 311, and the wrapping wheel 33 is driven by the notched wheel 32 to wrap the separated portion of the lid sheet 312. In this embodiment, the intake channels 213 cooperate with the communicating channel 214, the inlet path 215, the notch 321 of the notched wheel 32 that is aligned with the inlet path 215, and the outlet path 217 to define a flow path (P, see <figref idref="f0006">Figures 6</figref> and <figref idref="f0010">10</figref>). The dispensing device 3 is known in the art, and is not limited to that disclosed above.

0012Referring to <figref idref="f0003 f0004 f0005">Figures 3 to 5</figref>, the circuitry unit 4 includes a main circuit module 41. The main circuit module 41 includes a first circuit board 411. The first circuit board 411 has a top surface 412, a bottom surface 413, and two spaced-apart through holes 414 each of which is formed through the top and bottom surfaces 412, 413. The first circuit board 411 is fixedly mounted on the protruding wall portion 212 of the top wall 210 of the seat body 21 by two screws 410, each of which extends through a respective one of the through holes 414 of the first circuit board 411 and threadedly engages a respective one of two threaded holes 219 formed in the protruding wall portion 212 of the top wall 210. A portion of the bottom surface 413 of the first circuit board 411 corresponds in position to the communicating channel 214 and is located above the communicating channel 214.

0013Referring to <figref idref="f0004 f0005 f0006">Figures 4 to 6</figref>, the main circuit module 41 further includes a chip 415, a battery 416, a plurality of magnets 417, a Hall sensor 418 and a pressure sensor 419. The chip 415 is mounted to the top surface 412 of the first circuit board 411. In one embodiment, the chip 415 is configured as a Bluetooth Low Energy System on Chip (BLE SoC), and has relatively low power consumption and manufacturing cost. The first communication network 11 (see <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>) between the chip 415 and the portable mobile communication device 12 (see <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>) adopts Bluetooth wireless communication. The battery 416 is removably mounted to a positioning frame 420 that is disposed on the top surface 412 of the first circuit board 411. The battery 416 is electrically coupled to the first circuit board 411 by two conductive plates 421 (see <figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref>) for providing electric power to the first circuit board 411.

0014The magnets 417 are fixedly mounted to a top surface 322 of the notched wheel 32, and are equidistantly and angularly spaced apart from each other. The number of the notches 321 of the notched wheel 32 is even. The number of the magnets 417 is even, and is half the number of the notches 321. Only one of any two adjacent ones of the notches 321 is radially aligned with a corresponding one of the magnets 417 with respect to a center of the notched wheel 32. In one embodiment, the number of the notches 321 is eight, and the number of the magnets 417 is four. The notched wheel 32 is rotated by 360 degrees by depressing the lever portion 351 of the operating member 35 eight times.

0015Referring to <figref idref="f0006 f0007 f0008">Figures 6 to 8</figref>, the Hall sensor 418 is disposed on the bottom surface 413 of the first circuit board 411. More specifically, the Hall sensor 418 is located within a mount hole 220 formed in the top wall 210 of the seat body 21, and is located above and spaced part from the top surface 322 of the notched wheel 32. When the notched wheel 32 is at the position shown in <figref idref="f0007">Figure 7</figref>, the Hall sensor 418 is not registered with the magnets 417, and is in a first detecting state. When the notched wheel 32 is rotated in a first rotational direction (R1) to the position shown in <figref idref="f0008">Figure 8</figref> upon depression of the lever portion 351 of the operating member 35, the Hall sensor 418 is registered with one of the magnets 417, and is in a second detecting state. The Hall sensor 418 generates a signal during the switch from the first detecting state to the second detecting state or from the second detecting state to the first detecting state upon each depression of the operating member 35. The chip 415 (see <figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref>) receives the signal generated by the Hall sensor 418 to determine a decrement of the number of the remaining doses by one upon each depression of the operating member 35. In addition, the chip 415 transfers the number of times of the depression of the operating member 35 to the portable mobile communication device 12 via the first communication network 11 (see <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>), so the patient can be informed of the number of the remaining doses by the portable mobile communication device 12.

0016Referring to <figref idref="f0003">Figures 3</figref>, <figref idref="f0006">6</figref>, <figref idref="f0009">9</figref> and <figref idref="f0010">10</figref>, the seal member 5 may be made of silicone. The seal member 5 has opposite top and bottom surfaces respectively abutting against the bottom surface 413 of the first circuit board 411 and the main wall portion 211 of the top wall 210 of the seat body 21. The seal member 5 seals a top opening of the communicating channel 214, so the air flowing into the communicating channel 214 via the intake channels 213 all flows into the inlet path 215. The pressure sensor 419 is disposed on the bottom surface 413 of the first circuit board 411, and is disposed adjacent to the communicating channel 214 for detecting the pressure difference in the communicating channel 214 during the inhalation of the patient.

0017In one embodiment, the seal member 5 is formed with an installation space 51 that is located at an end portion of the communicating channel 214 proximate to the inlet path 215. The pressure sensor 419 is disposed on the bottom surface 413 of the first circuit board 411, and is mounted to the installation space 51 of the seal member 5. Since the pressure sensor 419 is disposed adjacent to the end portion of the communicating channel 214 proximate to the inlet path 215 at which the velocity of air flow is relatively high, the accuracy of the pressure difference determined by the pressure sensor 419 is enhanced. Moreover, since each of the capsules 313 of the conveying strip 31 is located downstream of the pressure sensor 419 during the inhalation of the patient when it is in spatial communication with the inlet path 215 and the outlet path 217, the powdered medication in the capsules 313 does not get in contact with the pressure sensor 419 to thereby prevent break down of the pressure sensor 419.

0018In one embodiment, the Hagen-Poiseuille law is adopted to determine whether the flow rate of the inhalation of the patient is sufficient to deliver the dose. At least a portion of the communicating channel 214 is assumed to be a uniform straight tube. The airflow is assumed to be a laminar flow and the air is regarded as an incompressible fluid. <maths id="math0001" num=""><math display="block"><mi mathvariant="italic">ΔP</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>128</mn><mi mathvariant="italic">μLQ</mi></mrow><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">πd</mi><mn>4</mn></msup></mfrac></math><img file="EP3552647B1_D0001.tif" /></maths>

0019Where: <ul id="ul0002" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>ΔP denotes the pressure difference between two ends of the tube;</li><li>µ denotes the dynamic viscosity;</li><li>L denotes the length of the tube;</li><li>Q denotes the volumetric flow rate; and</li><li>d denotes the diameter of the tube.</li></ul>

0020Referring to <figref idref="f0001">Figures 1</figref> and <figref idref="f0005">5</figref>, the main circuit module 41 further includes an inertial measurement unit 422, an environmental sensor 423, a first switch 424 and a second switch 425. The inertial measurement unit 422, the environmental sensor 423, the first switch 424 and the second switch 425 are disposed on the top surface 412 of the first circuit board 411. In one embodiment, the inertial measurement unit 422 is configured as a 6-axis inertial measurement unit, and is for detecting the tilt angle of the medication dispenser 10. The chip 415 receives the information detected by the inertial measurement unit 422, and transfers the information about the tilt angle of the medication dispenser 10 to the portable mobile communication device 12 via the first communication network 11. The portable mobile communication device 12 displays the tilt angle of the medication dispenser 10 via an application installed in the portable mobile communication device 12, and the patient can be informed of the tilt angle of the medication dispenser 10 by the portable mobile communication device 12. In one embodiment, when the tile angle of the medication dispenser 10 is greater than 15 degrees, the portable mobile communication device 12 would warn the patient that the dose in the notch 321 (see <figref idref="f0006">Figure 6</figref>) that is aligned with the inlet and outlet paths 215, 217 may leak out, and orientation of the medication dispenser 10 needs to be adjusted. In one embodiment, the inertial measurement unit 422 also detects the acceleration of the medication dispenser 10 during vibration or impact of the medication dispenser 10, and the portable mobile communication device 12 then displays the status of the medication dispenser 10.

0021The environmental sensor 423 detects the humidity and temperature during use, load or transport of the medication dispenser 10. The chip 415 receives the information detected by the environmental sensor 423, and transfers the information about the humidity and temperature to the portable mobile communication device 12 via the first communication network 11. The portable mobile communication device 12 displays the humidity and temperature via an application, and the patient can be informed of the environmental humidity and temperature by the portable mobile communication device 12. When the environmental humidity or temperature of the medication dispenser 10 exceeds a predetermined value, the portable mobile communication device 12 would warn the patient that the medication dispenser 10 is in an unfavorable environmental condition, and that the patient may stop taking the medication in the medication dispenser 10.

0022The first switch 424 and the second switch 425 are spaced apart from each other. Each of the first and second switches 424, 425 includes a push arm 426. When the push arm 426 of the first switch 424 is actuated, electric power is prevented from being supplied to the first circuit board 411 from the battery 416, so the medication dispenser 10 is switched into an idle/standby state. When the push arm 426 of the second switch 425 is actuated, electric power is supplied to the first circuit board 411 from the battery 416, so the medication dispenser 10 is switched into an operating state.

0023Referring to <figref idref="f0005">Figures 5</figref>, <figref idref="f0011">11</figref> and <figref idref="f0012">12</figref>, the circuitry unit 4 further includes a lip detection module 43. The lip detection module 43 includes a second circuit board 431, a capacitive sensor 432, an infrared proximity sensor 433, an infrared temperature sensor 434 and a communication sub-unit 435. The second circuit board 431 is a stiff board, and is formed with two positioning holes 436 (see <figref idref="f0012">Figure 12</figref>). A surrounding wall 221 of the seat body 21 that defines the outlet path 217 is formed with two positioning protrusions 222. The positioning protrusions 222 respectively engage the positioning holes 436 of the second circuit board 431, so the second circuit board 431 is fixedly mounted on a top surface of the surrounding wall 221. The capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434 are disposed on the second circuit board 431. The infrared proximity sensor 433 is located between the capacitive sensor 432 and the infrared temperature sensor 434. The capacitive sensor 432 is exposed from an opening 231 formed in the mouthpiece 23 for contact with the patient's lips. The mouthpiece 23 has a shield portion 232. The shield portion 232 is made of light-transmissible material, and covers the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434. In one embodiment, the communication sub-unit 435 is configured as a flexible circuit board. The communication sub-unit 435 is substantially disposed in the seat body 21, and has an end extending out of the seat body 21 and electrically coupled to an electric connector 427 that is disposed on the top surface 412 of the first circuit board 411, and an opposite end extending out of the seat body 21 and electrically coupled to the second circuit board 431. By such, the second circuit board 431 is electrically coupled to the first circuit board 411 via the communication sub-unit 435.

0024When the patient places the mouthpiece 23 onto his mouth, the infrared proximity sensor 433 first detects the approach of the patient's lips, the capacitive sensor 432 then detects the contact of the patient's lips therewith, and the infrared temperature sensor 434 finally detects the temperature of the patient's lips. Each of the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434 generates a signal upon detection of the presence of the patient's lips. The chip 415 determines that the patient is using the medication dispenser 10 upon reception of all of the signals generated by the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434 via the second circuit board 431, the communication sub-unit 435 and the first circuit board 411. By virtue of the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434, the chip 415 is able to more accurately determine if the patient is using the medication dispenser 10. For example, the medication dispenser 10 is not considered to be in use when the chip 415 receives only one or two of the signals generated by the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434.

0025Referring to <figref idref="f0003">Figures 3</figref> and <figref idref="f0013">13</figref>, the cover unit 6 covers the main circuit module 41, and includes a cover plate 61. Two screws 60 respectively extend through two through holes 611 formed in the cover plate 61, and respectively and threadedly engage two threaded holes 223 formed in the protruding wall portion 212 of the top wall 210 of the seat body 21, so that the cover plate 61 is fixedly mounted to the top wall 210. The cover plate 61 has two protruding blocks 62 formed on a bottom surface thereof and corresponding in position to the seal member 5. The protruding blocks 62 abut against the top surface 412 of the first circuit board 411, and press the first circuit board 411 against the seal member 5 so as to establish an air-tight seal between the seal member 5 and the top wall 210 of the seat body 21.

0026The cover plate 61 further has an arc-shaped guide groove 612 that is formed in a top surface of the cover plate 61, and two communication holes 613 that are formed in the bottom surface of the cover plate 61 and that are respectively in spatial communication with two opposite ends of the guide groove 612. The push arm 426 of each of the first and second switches 424, 425 extends into the guide groove 612 via a respective one of the communication holes 613.

0027Referring to <figref idref="f0002">Figures 2</figref>, <figref idref="f0003">3</figref>, <figref idref="f0013">13</figref>, <figref idref="f0014">14</figref> and <figref idref="f0016">16</figref>, the outer casing 7 has an upper plate 71, a lower plate (not shown) that is spaced apart from the upper plate 71 and that is disposed below the upper plate 71, an arc-shaped side plate 73 (see <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>) that is connected between the upper plate 71 and the lower plate, and a slide block 74. The upper plate 71 is formed with a pivot hole 711 (see <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>). The cover plate 61 further has a pivot axle 614 that is pivoted to the pivot hole 711 of the upper plate 71. The lower plate of the outer casing 7 is formed with a pivot hole (not shown). The seat body 21 further has a pivot axle 225 (see <figref idref="f0009">Figure 9</figref>) that is formed on a bottom wall 224 thereof and that is pivoted to the pivoted hole of the lower plate of the outer casing 7. By such, the outer casing 7 is rotatable relative to the base seat 2 and the cover unit 6 between a close position (see <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>) and an open position (see <figref idref="f0015">Figure 15</figref>). The slide block 74 has a base portion 741 (see <figref idref="f0014">Figure 14</figref>) fixedly mounted to an inner surface of the upper plate 71, and a protruding portion 742 protruding downwardly from the base portion 741. The protruding portion 742 of the slide block 74 extends into the guide groove 612 of the cover plate 61 for contact with the push arm 426 of the first switch 424 or with the push arm 426 of the second switch 425.

0028The operation of the medication dispenser 10 is described as follows: Referring to <figref idref="f0002">Figures 2</figref>, <figref idref="f0005">5</figref> and <figref idref="f0014">14</figref>, when the outer casing 7 is at the close position, the mouth piece 23, the intake channels 213 and lever portion 351 of the operating member 35 are covered by the outer casing 7, and a first end 731 of the side plate 73 of the outer casing 7 abuts against a first flange 227 of a thumb hold portion 226 of the seat body 21. The protruding portion 742 of the slide block 74 actuates the push arm 426 of the first switch 424, so electric power is not supplied to the first circuit board 411 from the battery 416, and the medication dispenser 10 is in the idle/standby state.

0029Referring to <figref idref="f0005">Figures 5</figref>, <figref idref="f0015">15</figref> and <figref idref="f0016">16</figref>, the patient can hold the upper plate 71 and the lower plate of the outer casing 7 by one hand, and insert the thumb of the other hand into the thumb hold portion 226 of the seat body 21 to rotate the base seat 2 in a second rotational direction (R2, see <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>) relative to the outer casing 7 until the outer casing 7 is moved to the open position (see <figref idref="f0015">Figure 15</figref>). During the movement of the outer casing 7 from the close position to the open position, the protruding portion 742 of the slide block 74 is first separated from the push arm 426 of the first switch 424, and then actuates the push arm 426 of the second switch 425, so electric power is permitted to be supplied to the first circuit board 411 from the battery 416, and the medication dispenser 10 is switched into the operating state. The chip 415 of the medication dispenser 10 is automatically paired with the portable mobile communication device 12 via the first communication network 11.

0030When a second end 732 of the side plate 73 of the outer casing 7 abuts against a second flange 228 of the thumb hold portion 226 of the seat body 21 of the base seat 2, the relative rotation between the base seat 2 and the outer casing 7 is stopped, and the outer casing 7 is moved to the open position such that the mouthpiece 23, the intake channels 213 and the lever portion 351 of the operating member 35 are uncovered.

0031Referring to <figref idref="f0017">Figure 17</figref>, after the medication dispenser 10 is switched to the operating state and is paired with the portable mobile communication device 12, the patient can operate the portable mobile communication device 12 to execute the application. In response, the application controls the portable mobile communication device 12 to display in an animation display area 120, a time-of-previous-dose display area 121 located above the animation display area 120, a time-of-next-dose display area 122 located at a lateral side of the time-of-previous-dose display area 121, a number-of-remaining-dose display area 123 located below the animation display area 120, and a medication adherence display area 124 located at a lateral side of the number-of-remaining-dose display area 123. The animation display area 120 first displays an animation or a video of the medication dispenser 10 to remind the patient that the next step is to depress the lever portion 351 of the operating member 35.

0032Referring to <figref idref="f0004">Figures 4</figref>, <figref idref="f0005">5</figref>, <figref idref="f0007">7</figref> and <figref idref="f0008">8</figref>, when the notched wheel 32 is rotated in the first rotational direction (R1) upon the depression of the operating member 35 to align the next capsule 313 with the mouthpiece 23, the Hall sensor 418 generates the signal during the switch between the first detecting state and the second detecting state. The chip 415 receives the signal generated by the Hall sensor 418 to determine a decrement of the number of the remaining doses by one, and records that the signal generated by the Hall sensor 418 is received once.

0033Referring to <figref idref="f0018">Figure 18</figref>, the animation display area 120 then displays an image or a video of the medication dispenser 10 being disposed horizontally in order to remind the patient to keep the medication dispenser 10 horizontal for preventing leakage of the dose in the capsule 313 aligned with the mouthpiece 23 (see <figref idref="f0006">Figure 6</figref>).

0034Referring to <figref idref="f0019">Figure 19</figref>, afterward, the animation display area 120 displays an image or a video of the medication dispenser 10 and a mouth in order to remind the patient to place the mouthpiece 23 (see <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>) of the medication dispenser 10 onto his mouth.

0035Referring to <figref idref="f0012">Figures 12</figref> and <figref idref="f0020">20</figref>, when the patient's lips approach the medication dispenser 10, the infrared proximity sensor 433, the capacitive sensor 432 and the infrared temperature sensor 434 in turn detect the presence of the patient's lips and generate the signals. The chip 415 determines that the patient is using the medication dispenser 10 upon reception of all of the signals generated by the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434. At this time, the animation display area 120 displays an image or a video of the mouth inhaling air in the medication dispenser 10, so as to remind the patient to begin to inhale.

0036In one embodiment, the chip 415 transfers the signals generated by the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 or the infrared temperature sensor 434 to the portable mobile communication device 12 upon reception of each of the signals, and the portable mobile communication device 12 determines if the patient is using the medication dispenser 10 according to the signals generated by the capacitive sensor 432, the infrared proximity sensor 433 and the infrared temperature sensor 434.

0037Referring to <figref idref="f0006">Figures 6</figref> and <figref idref="f0010">10</figref>, during the inhalation of the patient, ambient air is drawn into the communicating channel 214 via the intake channels 213. Then, the air flows into the capsule 313 that is aligned with the mouthpiece 23 via the inlet path 215 to entrain the dose, and flows out of the mouthpiece 23 via the outlet path 217. The pressure sensor 419 detects the pressure difference in the communicating channel 214 during the inhalation of the patient, and sends a signal to the chip 415. The chip 415 then determines whether the flow rate of the inhalation of the patient is sufficient to deliver the dose according to the signal sent from the pressure sensor 419 using the abovementioned Hagen-Poiseuille law.

0038Referring to <figref idref="f0021">Figure 21</figref>, after the inhalation is completed, the animation display area 120 displays an animation to remind the patient to move the outer casing 7 back to the close position. Referring further to <figref idref="f0005">Figures 5</figref> and <figref idref="f0015">15</figref>, the lever portion 351 of the operating member 35 is first driven to move to its original position. Then, the base seat 2 is rotated in the first rotational direction (R1, see <figref idref="f0015">Figure 15</figref>) relative to the outer casing 7 until the outer casing 7 is moved to the close position (see <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>). During the movement of the outer casing 7 from the open position to the close position, the protruding portion 742 of the slide block 74 is first separated from the push arm 426 of the second switch 425, and then actuates the push arm 426 of the first switch 424, so electric power is stopped being supplied to the first circuit board 411 from the battery 416, and the medication dispenser 10 is switched into the idle/standby state. When the first end 731 of the side plate 73 of the outer casing 7 abuts against the first flange 227 of the thumb hold portion 226 of the seat body 21, the outer casing 7 is moved to the close position (see <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>).

0039Referring to <figref idref="f0022">Figure 22</figref>, the animation display area 120 may display a tutorial video 125 to demonstrate the operation of the medication dispenser 10 for a beginner.

0040Referring to <figref idref="f0001">Figures 1</figref> and <figref idref="f0002">2</figref>, in one embodiment, the location of the medication dispenser 10 can be reported by a Globe Positioning System (GPS) of the portable mobile communication device 12, so the medication dispenser 10 is prevented from being lost. Moreover, the portable mobile communication device 12 may transfer the locational data detected by the GPS to the network computer 14, and the network computer 14 gets environmental information, such as Air Pollution Index about the concentration of particle matter or carbon dioxide, from an environmental information center according to the locational data. The portable mobile communication device 12 receives the environmental information, and the application installed therein determines and reminds the patient whether it is suitable to use the medication dispenser 10.

0041In addition, the medication dispenser 10 may have built-in information of serial number or validity period that are registered in the network computer 14. The serial number enables the certification of the medication dispenser 10 before use, so as to prevent counterfeits. According to the register of the validity period, the medication dispenser 10 can be monitored by the application in the portable mobile communication device 12 to prevent the use after expiration thereof.

0042The network computer 14 may provide predetermined medication treatments to physicians or pharmacists, and the physicians or the pharmacists can monitor the status of a selected medication treatment of the patient by the monitoring device 15 connected to the network computer 14 so as to monitor medication adherence of the patient. The physicians and the pharmacists may be informed of the number of the remaining doses in the medication dispenser 10 via the monitoring device 15, so as to advise the patient when to reload the medication dispenser 10 via the network computer 14 and the portable mobile communication device 12.

0043Referring to <figref idref="f0023">Figure 23</figref>, the second embodiment of the medication dispenser 10 (see <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>) according to the disclosure is similar to the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in the communication sub-unit 435.

0044In this embodiment, the seat body 21 is made of plastic, the communication sub-unit 435 is configured as a circuit pattern that is directly formed on the main wall portion 211 of the seat body 21 by Laser Selective Plating (LSP). The seat body 21 is first soaked in a water-soluble reactive metal solution, so an active metal layer (i.e., a catalyst metal layer or a seed layer) is formed on the main wall portion 211 of the seat body 21 before the seat body 21 is removed from the solution. Then, the active metal layer is etched by a process of laser etching to form a pattern, and a chemical-plating metal layer is formed on the patterned active metal layer by a process of chemical plating. Afterward, an electroplating metal layer is selectively formed on the chemical-plating metal layer by a process of electroplating. As such, the circuit pattern is formed on the main wall portion 211 of the seat body 21. The communication sub-unit 435 has two opposite ends respectively and electrically coupled to the first circuit board 411 and the second circuit board 431. It should be noted that the abovementioned Laser Selective Plating is just one of various processes for forming a Molded Interconnect Device (MID), and that any process for forming a circuit pattern on a non-metal substrate may be adopted to form the communication sub-unit 435 of the second embodiment.

0045Referring to <figref idref="f0024">Figure 24</figref>, a modification of the medication dispenser is different from the medication dispenser 10 (see <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>) according to the disclosure in that the first and second switches 424, 425 of the first embodiment (see <figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref>) are omitted, so the electric power is kept supplying from the battery 416 to the first circuit board 411. By such, the environmental sensor 423 continuously detects and records the humidity and temperature during use, load or transport of the medication dispenser 10 for a long term.

0046Referring to <figref idref="f0025">Figure 25</figref>, the third embodiment of the medication dispenser 10 according to the disclosure is similar to the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in the main circuit module 41.

0047The main circuit module 41 further includes an auxiliary battery 428 that is disposed on the top surface 412 of the first circuit board 411. The auxiliary battery 418 is for supplying electrical power to the environmental sensor 423. By such, when the medication dispenser 10 is in the idle/standby state, electric power is kept supplying from the auxiliary battery 428 to the environmental sensor 423, so the environmental sensor 423 continuously detects and records the humidity and temperature for a long term.

0048Referring to <figref idref="f0026">Figures 26 and 27</figref>, the fourth embodiment of the medication dispenser 10 according to the disclosure is different from the first embodiment in the shape of the base seat 2 and the outer casing 7.

0049The base seat 2 of the fourth embodiment is substantially elliptical. The mechanism of the dispensing device (not shown) and the outer cover 7 can be referred to a medical inhaler of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) named Arnuity Ellipta. The circuitry unit 4 is disposed in the retaining space 216 of the base seat 2. The top wall 210 of the base seat 2 is formed with two communication holes 229 that are in spatial communication with the retaining space 216. The push arm 426 of each of the first and second switches 424, 425 extends through the top wall 210 via a respective one of the communication holes 229. When the outer casing 7 is at a close position (see <figref idref="f0026">Figure 26</figref>), the push arm 426 of the first switch 424 is actuated by the upper plate 71 of the outer casing 7, and the medication dispenser 10 is switched into the idle/standby state. When the outer casing 7 is at an open position (see <figref idref="f0026">Figure 27</figref>), the push arm 426 of the second switch 425 is actuated by the upper plate 71 of the outer casing 7, and the medication dispenser 10 is switched into the operating state.

0050In summary, by virtue of the first and second switches 424, 425, the medication dispenser 10 is switched between the idle/standby state and the operating state upon the movement of the outer casing 7 between the close position and the open position.

0051In the description above, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details have been set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that one or more other embodiments may be practiced without some of these specific details. It should also be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," an embodiment with an indication of an ordinal number and so forth means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in the practice of the disclosure. It should be further appreciated that in the description, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of various inventive aspects.