Location detection system for a patient handling device

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

0001The present invention generally relates to location detection systems for use in facilities such as healthcare facilities for tracking equipment such as patient handling devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to the location detection system having locators programmed with unique location identifiers to determine a location of the patient handling devices.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

0002Location detection systems are well known in the art for tracking the location of personnel and equipment in a facility. These systems have been specifically adapted for use in facilities such as healthcare facilities for tracking healthcare professionals, e.g., nurses and physicians, and for tracking equipment e.g., beds, patient monitoring devices, and the like. A typical location detection system is also referred to as an asset tracking system that utilizes tags that periodically transmit a unique identification signal. Receivers are located throughout the facility at known locutions for receiving these identification signals. The receivers are wired to a central computer that processes the unique identification signals to determine a location of the asset associated with the tag.

0003One disadvantage of such systems is that a typical asset tracking system does not utilize existing infrastructure within the healthcare facility. As a result, the capital costs necessary to provide the infrastructure to accommodate asset cracking is high. For instance, the receivers used to receive the identification signals from the tags attached to the assets being tracked must be installed throughout the healthcare facility, as well as wired to the central computer. This requires considerable labor and expense, as well as lengthy disruptions to install the wiring.

0004In today's healthcare facilities, networks are provided for accessing patient data, equipment data, lab results, and the like. However, with current asset tracking systems, integrating information regarding the location of mobile equipment such as patient handling devices with patient data or other data available on the network is not practical. One reason that most asset tracking systems cannot be integrated wholly with current healthcare facility networks is that these asset tracking systems are only designed to identify a particular room in which a patient handling device is located. These systems are not designed to determine a specific zone in the room in which the patient handling device is located. In some healthcare facilities each room may accommodate two, three, or more patient handling devices. Therefore, when current asset tracking systems are used, the room location of each of tube patient handling devices can be determined, e.g., the patient handling devices are in room 1, but they are not sensitive enough to determine that patient handling device no. 1 is in zone 1 of room 1, patient handling device no. 2 is in zone 2 of room 1, etc. In order for current asset tracking systems to provide this level of location detail, separate receivers are needed in each zone, with each receiver being wired to the central computer. As a result, the infrastructure costs further escalate.

0005Therefore, there is a need in the art for a location detection system that can easily be implemented in existing healthcare facilities with little capital investment and additional infrastructure while also providing specific location details that enable the location information to be fully integrated with other data such as patient data and other equipment data available on existing networks in the healthcare facility. <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="US20040106854A"><text>US-A-2004/0106854</text></patcit> disclose a transceiver worn by patients for receiving location signals from randomly placed locators. The transceiver transmits the location signals provided by the locators along with patient ID signals to a remote processing station to determine the location of the patients.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES

0006The present invention provides a location detection system as claimed in claim 1 and a method as claimed in claim 19.

0007This system and method have several advantages over the prior art. For instance, by placing the receiver on the patient handling device, the patient handling device acts as the communication link between the locator and the processing station. Furthermore, by transmitting the unique location identifier from the locators to the receiver and then on to the processing station, there is no need for additional infrastructure in the facility to support the locators. Locations can be determined simply by placing the locator, programmed with the unique location identifier, in the location of interest, and transmitting that location to the patient handling device, which then sends the unique location identifier onto the processing station. The patient handing device also transmits its own unique ID thereby correlating the location of the patient handling device to its unique ID. This will enable healthcare facilities to better track patients by associating patients with their patient handling devices and further associating the patient handling devices with their location in the healthcare facility, down to the specific zone in the room in which the patients and the patient handling devices are located.

0008In another aspect , the location detection system comprises a first locating device associated with the patient handling device for transmitting a first unique location identifier to the processing station and a second locating device associated with the patient handing device for transmitting a second unique location identifier to the processing station. In this system, the first unique location identifier corresponds to a first area of the location and the second unique location identifier corresponds to a second area of the location different than the first area. In one embodiment, tine first unique location identifier identifies the room in which the patient handling device is located and the second unique location identifier identifies the zone in the room in which the patient handling device is positioned. Therefore, the first locating device provides a general vicinity of the patients handling device, while the second location device further defines the location of the patient handling device in the general vicinity.

0009In another aspect , existing asset tracking systems can be utilized to determine general vicinity information for the patient handling devices such as the room in which they are located, and the patient handling devices can be further outfitted with the second locating device to refine the location information down to the specific zone in the room in which the patient handling device is located.

0010In yet another aspect , a method of detecting the location of the patient handling devices using the first and second locating devices is provided. The method includes transporting the patient handling device to the location in the facility and transmitting a first unique location identifier to the processing station. The method also includes determining the first area location of the patient handling device from the first unique location identifier and transmitting a second unique location identifier to the processing station wherein the first unique location identifier corresponds to the first area of the location and the second unique location identifier corresponds to the second area of the location.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

0011Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated, as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li><figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref> is a schematic view of a healthcare facility with a network;</li><li><figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref> is a top view of a typical room floor plan in the healthcare facility with two zones labeled A and B, schematically illustrating a location detection system of the present invention utilizing a locator configured for transmitting a unique location identifier to a receiver located on a patient handling device;</li><li><figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref> is an electrical schematic of the locator of <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0004">Figure 4</figref> is an electrical schematic of the receiver of <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">Figure 5</figref> is a process flow diagram illustrating a process for transmitting the unique location identifier from the locator to the receiver;</li><li><figref idref="f0005">Figure 6</figref> is a process flow diagram illustrating a process for requesting the unique location identifier from the locator;</li><li><figref idref="f0006">Figure 7</figref> is a perspective view illustrating alternative location detection systems of the present invention utilizing radio frequency, magnetic inductance, ultrasonic, or modulated light systems;</li><li><figref idref="f0007">Figure 8</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an array of RFID tags;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">Figure 9</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an RFID swipe card;</li><li><figref idref="f0008">Figure 10</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing a tethered RFID magnet tag;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">Figure 11</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing a nurse call cable with an integrated RFID tag;</li><li><figref idref="f0009">Figure 12</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing WiFi access points;</li><li>[0024] <figref idref="f0010">Figure 13</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing a power cord with and integrated ID transmitter;</li><li><figref idref="f0010">Figure 14</figref> is a perspective view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an Ethernet port to transmit the unique location identifier;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">Figure 15</figref> is a schematic view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing a mesh network to determine the location of the patient handling device;</li><li><figref idref="f0011">Figure 16</figref> is a schematic view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an asset tag in combination with a switch;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">Figure 17</figref> is a schematic view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an asset tag in combination with a sonic distance finder;</li><li><figref idref="f0012">Figure 18</figref> is a schematic view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an asset tag in combination with a laser distance finder; and</li><li><figref idref="f0012">Figure 19</figref> is a schematic view illustrating an alternative location detection system of the present invention utilizing an asset tag in combination with a hall effect sensing system.</li></ul>

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

0012Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, a location detection system for a facility is generally shown at <b>20.</b> The location detection system <b>20</b> is described as being integrated into a patient handling device <b>22</b> of a healthcare facility such as a hospital. Patient handling devices <b>22</b> include devices such as beds, stretchers, cots, wheelchairs, and the like. It should be appreciated that the present invention could also be applied to other devices located in a healthcare facility including, but not limited to infusion pumps, patient monitoring devices, patient therapy devices such as stand-alone therapy mattresses, and the like. It should also be appreciated that it could be applied to non-healthcare facilities. For purposes of description, reference is generally made to healthcare facilities.

0013Referring to <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref>, the healthcare facility includes several systems that can be placed in electronic communication with one another through a common network <b>32.</b> These systems include admission-discharge-transfer (ADT) systems <b>24</b> and patient throughput systems <b>26</b> such as those offered by Premise Development Corporation. These systems may also include eICU systems <b>28</b> such as those provided by Cerner Corporation for the remote monitoring of critically ill patients. A nurse call system <b>30</b> may also be in communication with the network <b>32.</b> For instance, a nurse call system provided by Rauland-Borg Corporation can be used to instantly transfer nurse calls from a patient to the network <b>32,</b> or to the patient's primary and/or secondary caregivers via a wireless phone <b>33</b> using well-known messaging interfaces <b>35.</b> This places the patient in immediate contact with a healthcare professional to provide faster, more efficient service.

0014Several communication devices may also be used to access the data or information provided by these systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30</b> to receive messages or alerts from these systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30,</b> or to transmit information to these systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30.</b> For instance, a wireless badge <b>46</b> may be in communication with these systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30</b> via wireless access points <b>36</b> provided throughout the healthcare facility. Healthcare professionals, e.g., nurses, nurse's aides, medical assistants, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, physicians, etc., may carry the wireless badges <b>46</b> to alert the nurse when a patient has called for assistance, or that an alarm condition is present. The nurse could also use the wireless badge <b>46</b> to speak to a voice recognition system to report an alarm condition, or to report that the nurse has completed a task, to report any event that may occur in the healthcare facility. Personal digital assistants (PDAs) <b>38</b> could also be in communication with the networked systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30</b> to transfer data and information between the PDAs <b>38</b> and the network <b>32.</b> Similarly, laptop computers <b>40</b> could be used to transfer data and information.

0015Asset tracking systems <b>42</b> may also be integrated into the network <b>32.</b> Such systems <b>42</b> may include those offered by Radianse, Inc., Versus Technology, Inc. or others to track assets throughout the healthcare facility. In some embodiments, the location detection system <b>20</b> is intended to operate independently of the asset tracking system <b>42</b> to specifically identify the location, e.g., room and zone, of the patient handling devices <b>22.</b> In other embodiments, the location detection system <b>20</b> of the present invention is intended to work in conjunction with the asset tracking system <b>42</b> to identify the location of the patient handling devices <b>22</b> in the healthcare facility.

0016Still referring to <figref idref="f0001">FIG. 1</figref>, in one embodiment of the present invention, the patient handling device <b>22</b> is adapted for communicating with the network <b>32.</b> More specifically, a central processing unit <b>44</b> (CPU) of the patient handling device <b>22</b> is in electronic communication with the network <b>32</b> via a communication module <b>48.</b> The CPU <b>44</b> carries out the functions of the patient handling device <b>22</b> such as motor functions for raising or lowering movable sections of the patient handling device <b>22</b> in response to user input, sensing functions for sensing siderail positions, bed height, patient position or bed exit, patient weight, brake positions, and the like, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, or therapy functions for a therapy mattress, such as rotation, percussion, or vibration functions. The CPU <b>44</b> includes the necessary processors and memory for carrying out these functions as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

0017The CPU <b>44</b> and communication module <b>48</b> are physically supported by the patient handling device <b>22</b> to move with the patient handling device <b>22</b> from location to location. Preferably, one or more housings enclose the CPU <b>44</b> and the communication module <b>48</b> with the housing or housings being mounted to a frame of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> As a result, all of the hardware necessary for connecting the CPU <b>44</b> of the patient handling device <b>22</b> to the communication module <b>48</b> is located on and supported by the patient handling device <b>22.</b> It should be appreciated that the CPU <b>44</b> and the communication module <b>48</b> could be integrated into a single chassis or could be separate connectable components linked together in a wired or wireless configuration. By providing the communication module <b>48</b> on the patient handling device <b>22,</b> the patient handling device <b>22</b> acts as a communication center or link for transmitting data and/or information related to the patient handling device <b>22,</b> including its location, to the network <b>32.</b>

0018The communication module <b>48</b> may be connected to the network <b>32</b> via a wired and/or wireless connection to transfer data and/or information back and forth between the CPU <b>44</b> and the hospital network <b>32.</b> In a wired configuration, the communication module <b>48</b> may be a transceiver wired through a communication link <b>49</b> to the hospital network <b>32.</b> The communication link may be an RS-232 cable, and Ethernet-compliant cable, or any other wired connection known to those skilled in the art. In a wireless configuration, the communication module <b>48</b> may be a wireless transceiver or router that is configured with a compatible wireless transceiver or router <b>51</b> located on the hospital network <b>32.</b> In some embodiments, both wired and wireless configurations are present on the patient handling device <b>22</b> to easily accommodate user preferences. It should be appreciated that in some patient handling devices <b>22,</b> there is no CPU <b>44,</b> but instead a plurality of electronic modules that communicate on a peer-to-peer network. In this instance, the communication module <b>48</b> is simply one of the modules or nodes in the peer-to-peer network. However, for purposes of description, reference is made to a master/slave system utilizing the CPU <b>44</b> of the patient handling device <b>22.</b>

0019A processing station <b>50</b> is in communication with the network <b>32</b> to process data and/or information received from the various systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30, 42</b> or the patient handling device <b>22</b> via the communication module <b>48</b> to configure or control the various systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30, 42</b> or the patient handling device <b>22.</b> In one embodiment, the processing station <b>50</b> is positioned at a central nurse's station in the healthcare facility and is implemented in a workstation, e.g., a personal computer, for use at the central nurse station. The workstation may include software configured to manipulate data and/or information received from the various systems <b>24, 26, 28, 30, 42</b> or the patient handling device <b>22.</b> For instance, the workstation may be configured to receive data and/or information from the communication module <b>48</b> of the patient handling device <b>22</b> or to transfer data and/or information back to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> Such data may originate from a bed exit detection system, a bed height detection system, a weight scale, a siderail sensing system that detects a position of the siderails, a therapy mattress, and the like. The processing station <b>50</b> preferably includes a graphical user interface on a touch-screen display for reviewing and manipulating the data and/or information. It should be appreciated that the processing station <b>50</b> may also be a stand-alone unit that is not located on the network <b>32,</b> but includes the necessary hardware to link to the communication module <b>48</b> of the patient handling device <b>22.</b>

0020Referring to <figref idref="f0002">FIG. 2</figref>, a typical room floor plan in a healthcare facility is illustrated. As shown, the room, labeled <b>Room 1,</b> includes two zones, labeled Zone <b>A</b> and Zone <b>B.</b> These zones <b>A, B</b> are also often referred to as bed bays or bed areas. The location detection system 20 of the present invention is configured to determine the particular zone in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located. In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0002">FIG. 2</figref>, two patient handling devices <b>22</b> are illustrated for positioning at a location, e.g., <b>Zone A</b> and <b>Zone B,</b> in the healthcare facility. The location detection system <b>20</b> shall only be described with reference to one of the patient handling devices <b>22.</b> Of course, it should be appreciated that the location detection system <b>20</b> is utilized to determine the specific locations of several patient handling devices <b>22</b> simultaneously throughout the health care facility. Multiple patient handling devices <b>22</b> may also be located in the same zone <b>A, B.</b>

0021Referring to the patient handling device <b>22</b> shown in <b>Zone A</b> of the room floor plan of <figref idref="f0002">FIG. 2</figref>, a locator <b>52</b> is fixed relative to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The locator <b>52</b> is affixed to a wall of the room, a floor of the room, or a ceiling of the room. The locator <b>52</b> may also be suspended from any location in the room such as by a tether or any other restraining mechanisms or devices adapted to maintain the locator <b>52</b> in a fixed relationship relative to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> In other words, in the embodiment of <figref idref="f0002">FIG. 2</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> is not designed to be mobile for transport outside of the room. The locator <b>52</b> is programmed with a unique location identifier that corresponds to the location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The unique location identifier may simply be a serial number of the locator <b>52</b> that is entered into a look-up table stored in accessible memory of the processing station <b>50</b> and associated with the zone in which the locator <b>52</b> is installed.

0022The processing station <b>50,</b> which is remotely located relative to the patient handling device <b>22</b> and the locator <b>52,</b> receives the unique location identifier such that the location of the patient handling device <b>22</b> can be determined and monitored remotely from the patient handling device <b>22.</b> More specifically, a receiver <b>54</b> is supported by the patient handling device <b>22</b> and receives the unique location identifier corresponding to the location, and the communication module <b>48,</b> which is electronically coupled to the receiver <b>54,</b> transmits the unique location identifier of the locator <b>52</b> from the patient handling device <b>22</b> to the processing station <b>50.</b> As a result, the patient handling device <b>22</b> acts as a communication link between the locator <b>52</b> and the processing station <b>50.</b> About the same time, the communication module <b>48</b> transmits or communicates a unique ID of the patient handling device <b>22</b> to the processing station <b>50</b> such that the processing station <b>50</b> can correlate the location of the patient handling device <b>22</b> with the unique ID of the patient handling device <b>22.</b>

0023A separate look-up table is utilized by the processing station <b>50</b> to correlate the unique ID to a patient for which the specific patient handling device <b>22</b> is associated. The processing station <b>50</b> then correlates the unique ID and patient to the particular zone in which the specific patient handling device <b>22</b> is now located such that the software application installed on the processing station <b>50</b> can accurately manage data corresponding to the specific patient handling device <b>22</b> and the patient.

0024In one embodiment, the locator <b>52</b> includes at least one infrared transmitter 56 for transmitting the unique location identifier to the receiver <b>54</b> and the receiver 54 includes a housing supporting at least one infrared sensor <b>58</b> for receiving the unique location identifier from the infrared transmitter <b>56.</b> In this instance, transmitting the unique location identifier from the locator <b>52</b> to the patient handling device <b>22</b> is further defined as transmitting an infrared location signal from the at least one infrared transmitter <b>56</b> of the locator <b>52</b> to the at least one infrared sensor <b>58</b> of the receiver <b>54.</b> Those skilled in the art appreciate that other data, besides the unique location identification may also be transmitted from the infrared transmitter <b>56,</b> e.g., battery strength of a battery <b>60</b> in the locator <b>52,</b> time/date, etc.

0025The receiver <b>54</b> is configured to include at least one infrared transmitter 56 for transmitting a request signal to the locator <b>52.</b> Likewise, the locator <b>52</b> is configured to include at least one infrared sensor <b>58</b> to receive the request signal from the receiver <b>54.</b> The battery <b>60,</b> rechargeable or otherwise, is used to power the locator <b>52.</b> To conserve battery life, the locator <b>52</b> normally operates in a sleep mode until the request signal is received by the at least one infrared sensor <b>58</b> of the locator <b>52.</b>

0026Referring to the electrical schematic of <figref idref="f0003">FIG. 3</figref>, one embodiment of the locator <b>52</b> is shown in more detail. In this embodiment, the locator <b>52</b> includes a plurality of infrared transmitters <b>56</b> for transmitting the unique location identifier to the receiver <b>54.</b> Likewise, the locator <b>52</b> includes a plurality of infrared sensors <b>58</b> arranged in a sensor array <b>62</b> for receiving the request signal from the receiver <b>54.</b> The locator <b>52</b> also includes a microprocessor <b>64</b> electrically coupled to the sensor array <b>62</b> and the infrared transmitters <b>56.</b> The microprocessor <b>64</b> is preprogrammed with the unique location identifier that corresponds to the location of the patient handling device <b>22</b> and controls the infrared transmitters <b>56</b> to produce a signal with the unique location identifier and transmit the signal to the receiver <b>54</b> of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The infrared transmitters <b>56</b> of the locator <b>52</b> are adapted to provide variable power transmission to minimize cross talk and maximize signal integrity. The locator <b>52</b> is also adapted to modulate light intensity from the infrared transmitters <b>56</b> to maximize noise immunity. Finally, a filter (not shown) may be used to filter the infrared signal to reduce receiver saturation and maximize signal integrity and noise immunity.

0027Referring to the electrical schematic of <figref idref="f0004">FIG. 4</figref>, one embodiment of the receiver <b>54</b> of the patient handling device <b>22</b> is shown in more detail. In this embodiment, the receiver <b>54</b> includes a plurality of infrared sensors <b>58</b> arranged in a sensor array <b>62</b> for receiving the unique location identifier from the infrared transmitters <b>56</b> thereby improving transmission of the unique location identifier. Likewise, the receiver 54 includes a plurality of infrared transmitters <b>56</b> for transmitting the request signal from the receiver <b>54</b> to the locator <b>52</b> thereby improving transmission of the request signal. The receiver <b>54</b> may also be battery powered, but is preferably powered by an AC power source used to power a control system and the CPU <b>44</b> of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> Those skilled in the art realize that the locator <b>52</b> and receiver <b>54</b> may each be implemented with a single infrared transmitter <b>56</b> and infrared sensor <b>58.</b>

0028Referring to <figref idref="f0005">FIG. 5</figref>, a process flow diagram illustrates a method of detecting the location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> Initially, the locator <b>52</b> is in the sleep mode and awaits the request signal from the receiver <b>54.</b> In other words, the microprocessor <b>64</b> looks on a reception channel to see if the patient handling device <b>22</b> has requested location information, e.g., the unique location identifier. If the patient handling device <b>22</b> has not requested the unique location identifier, the locator <b>52</b> remains in the sleep mode. If the patient handling device <b>22</b> sends the request signal and the request signal is properly received and understood by the locator <b>52,</b> then the location signal sends the location information, i.e., the unique location identifier on a transmission channel. Once the unique location identifier is sent, the locator <b>52</b> returns to the sleep mode to conserve battery life.

0029Referring to <figref idref="f0005">FIG. 6</figref>, a process flow diagram illustrates a method of sending the request signal to the locator <b>52</b> from the receiver <b>54.</b> The receiver <b>54,</b> which is preferably powered by an AC power source, regularly transmits the request signal to continually update the location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The timing of these transmissions can differ depending on whether or not the receiver <b>54</b> has recently received the location information or not. As a result, there may be multiple predetermined delays between request signals, e.g., delay #1 and delay #2, which differ in the amount of time between transmissions of the request signal to the locator <b>52</b> on a transmission channel of the receiver <b>54.</b> Once the location information is received, the information is processed and the unique location identifier is sent on to the CPU <b>44</b> and ultimately the processing station <b>50</b> to determine the location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b>

0030Referring to <figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7</figref>, alternative location detection systems are shown with similar features to that of the previously described embodiment. In <figref idref="f0006">FIG. 7</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> may be one of: a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag <b>76</b> for transmitting the unique location identifier using radio frequency; an ultrasonic transmitter <b>80</b> for transmitting the unique location identifier using ultrasonic signals; an inductively coupled transmitter <b>84</b> for transmitting the unique location identifier using principles of magnetic inductive coupling; or a modulated light transmitter <b>88</b> for transmitting the unique location identifier using modulated light. It should be appreciated that in each of these embodiments, the receiver <b>54</b> is particularly adapted for receiving the specific signal types mentioned, i.e., the receiver <b>54</b> may be a RFID reader <b>78,</b> or include an ultrasonic sensor <b>82,</b> an inductively coupled sensor <b>86,</b> or a modulated light sensor <b>90.</b>

0031Referring to <figref idref="f0007 f0008 f0009">FIGS. 8-11</figref>, further alternative systems using RFID are shown. It should be appreciated that any of the systems using RFID could be active, semi-active, or passive RFID systems as is well known to those skilled in the art. In general, when a passive system is employed, each of the tags <b>76</b> described contains a transponder (not shown) with a digital memory chip (not shown) that is given or programmed with the unique location identifier. An interrogator (not shown), which is an antenna packaged with a transceiver and decoder in the RFID reader <b>78</b> emits a signal activating the RFID tags <b>76</b> so that the interrogator can read and write data to the RFID tags <b>76.</b> When the patient handling device <b>22</b> is moved into the particular zone in the room, the RFID tags <b>76</b> detect the RFID reader's activation signal. The RFID reader <b>78</b> then decodes the data, e.g., the unique location identifier, encoded in the RFID tag's digital memory chip and the data is passed to the processing station <b>50</b> as previously described.

0032In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0007">FIG. 8</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises an RFID tag mat 92 that includes an array of RFID tags <b>76.</b> At least one of the tags <b>76</b> transmits the unique location identifier, or a selected set of the RFID tags <b>76</b> transmits a signal that is recognized as the unique location identifier. In this embodiment, the receiver <b>54</b> is an RFID reader <b>78</b> for receiving the signals from the RFID tags 76. In use, the healthcare professional or other employee of the healthcare facility would first move the patient handling device <b>22</b> into position either over the RFID tag mat <b>92</b> or in close proximity to the RFID tag mat <b>92.</b> The RFID tags <b>76,</b> or at least a portion thereof, would then transmit the unique location identifier to the RFID reader 78, which would then transmit the unique location identifier to the CPU <b>44</b> and then to the processing station <b>50</b> located on the network <b>32</b> via the communication module <b>48,</b> as previously described.

0033In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises an RFID swipe card 94 having at least one active or passive RFID tag <b>76.</b> The RFID swipe card <b>94</b> is tethered to a head wall <b>124</b> of the room using a tether <b>68.</b> This fixes the RFID swipe card <b>94</b> in the room relative to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The receiver <b>54</b> is an RFID reader <b>78</b> that receives the unique location identifier from the RFID tag <b>76</b> embedded in the RFID swipe card <b>94.</b> In this embodiment, a healthcare professional would first move the patient handling device 22 into position in the particular zone in the room and then swipe the RFID swipe card <b>94</b> over the RFID reader <b>78</b> to transfer the unique location identifier from the RFID tag <b>76</b> to the RFID reader <b>78</b> and on to the processing station <b>50.</b>

0034In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0008">FIG. 10</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises a magnetic RFID tag <b>70.</b> The magnetic RFID tag <b>70</b> is tethered to the head wall <b>124</b> as in <figref idref="f0008">FIG. 9</figref>, using a tether <b>68.</b> However, in this embodiment, the healthcare professional or other employee of the healthcare facility does not merely swipe the magnetic RFID tag <b>70</b> to transmit the unique location identifier to the RFID reader <b>78.</b> Instead, the RFID reader <b>78</b> magnetically attracts the magnetic RFID tag <b>70</b> to releasably lock the magnetic RFID tag <b>70</b> to the RFID reader <b>78</b> to ensure a complete transmission of the unique location identifier to the processing station <b>50</b> in the manner described above.

0035In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0009">FIG. 11</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises an RFID tag <b>76</b> and the receiver <b>54</b> comprises an RFID reader <b>78</b> similar to <figref idref="f0007 f0008">FIGS. 8-10</figref>. However, this embodiment further includes a cable <b>72</b> that would be maintained at each zone <b>A, B.</b> The cable <b>72</b> interconnects a nurse call interface of the patient handling device <b>22</b> to a standard nurse call interface port <b>74</b> located at each zone <b>A, B.</b> The RFID reader <b>78</b> is integrated into the nurse call interface located on the patient handling device <b>22</b> and the RFID tag <b>76</b> is integrated into an end of the cable <b>72</b> such that when the cable <b>72</b> connects the nurse call interface on the patient handling device to the nurse call interface port <b>74</b> mounted to the head wall <b>124,</b> the RFID tag <b>76</b> would transmit the location information, e.g., unique location identifier, to the RFID reader <b>78</b> and on to the processing station <b>50</b> located on the network <b>32.</b>

0036Referring to <figref idref="f0009 f0010 f0011">FIGS. 12-15</figref>, further alternative systems are shown. In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0009">FIG. 12</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises a plurality of WiFi access points <b>96</b> located throughout the room and programmed with unique location identifiers for the zones in the room in which they are located. This system is capable of triangulating the room and zone location of the patient handling device <b>22</b> using the WiFi access points <b>96.</b> The receiver <b>54</b> further comprises a WiFi transceiver <b>95</b> mounted to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The WiFi transceiver is in communication with the WiFi access points <b>96</b> to receive reference signals transmitted by the WiFi access points <b>96.</b> In some embodiments, the strength of the signal received in combination with the unique location identifiers programmed into the WiFi access points <b>96</b> could be used to triangulate the room and zone location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The WiFi transceiver <b>95</b> communicates the location information to the processing station <b>50</b> located on the network <b>32.</b>

0037In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0010">FIG. 13</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises an ID transmitter <b>98</b> integrated into a 110 Volt AC plug <b>100</b> that transmits a reference signal to the receiver <b>54</b> located on the patient handling device <b>22.</b> In this embodiment, the receiver <b>54</b> is integrated into a power cord interface <b>101</b> to communicate with the ID transmitter <b>98</b> through a power cord <b>103.</b> The receiver <b>54</b> would then communicate the location information, e.g., unique location identifier, to the processing station <b>50</b> located on the network <b>32.</b>

0038In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0010">FIG. 14</figref>, the locator <b>52</b> comprises an Ethernet port <b>102</b> and the receiver <b>54</b> comprises an Ethernet transceiver <b>104</b> mounted to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> An Ethernet-compliant cable <b>106</b> interconnects the Ethernet transceiver <b>104</b> and the Ethernet Port <b>102</b> to send location information to the patient handling device <b>22.</b> The Ethernet transceiver <b>104</b> then communicates the location information to the processing station <b>50.</b>

0039In the embodiment of <figref idref="f0011">FIG. 15</figref>, the system utilizes a mesh network <b>108</b> with mesh network transceivers <b>110</b> to determine the location information. The mesh network <b>108</b> may be wired or wireless, preferably wireless to reduce infrastructure costs. The wireless mesh network <b>108</b> allows mesh network transceivers <b>110</b> to transmit data through one another onto the network <b>32</b> and the processing station <b>50.</b> In other words, in the wireless mesh network <b>108,</b> access points and wireless devices can organize themselves into an ad hoc network, communicating with each other to determine the fastest way to send data to the network <b>32.</b> In the wireless mesh network <b>108,</b> data hops from mesh network transceiver <b>110</b> to mesh network transceiver <b>110</b> looking for the shortest available path to the network <b>32</b> and the processing station <b>50.</b> Here, each of the patient handling devices <b>22</b> is equipped with a mesh network transceiver <b>110,</b> which acts as a node on the mesh network <b>108.</b> The location information is obtained by knowing the association of the mesh network transceivers <b>110</b> on the patient handling devices <b>22</b> relative to the other mesh network transceivers <b>110</b> and/or a base transceiver (not shown). For instance, adjacent patient handling devices <b>22</b> in a second zone of the room, e.g., <b>Zone B</b> of <b>Room 1,</b> could determine the location information using the mesh network transceiver <b>110</b> on the patient handling device <b>22</b> in <b>Zone A</b> of <b>Room 1.</b>

0040Referring to <figref idref="f0011 f0012">FIGS. 16-19</figref>, alternative location detection systems are shown for determining the location in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located by separately determining first and second areas of the location. In one embodiment, the first area is the room, e.g., <b>Room</b> 1, in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located, and the second, subarea, is the zone in the room in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located, e.g., zones <b>A, B.</b> One of the previously described location detection systems may be used to determine the first area in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located. In this instance, the previously described systems would be enabled to only provide first area or room locations and not specific zone locations. In other words, the previously described systems would provide a first locating device, e.g., locator <b>52,</b> mesh network transceiver <b>54,</b> etc., associated with the patient handling device <b>22</b> and in communication with the processing station <b>50</b> to transmit a first unique location identifier to the processing station <b>50.</b> The first unique location identifier being associated with the first area in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located, but not the subarea or particular zone in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located.

0041The asset tracking system <b>42</b> of the healthcare facility could also be the first locating device used for this purpose. In this instance, each of the patient handling devices <b>22</b> would be equipped with an asset tag <b>114</b> for tracking the patient handling devices <b>22</b> in the healthcare facility with the asset tracking system <b>42</b> being adapted to provide room locations for the patient handling devices <b>22</b> and transmit those room locations to an asset tag receiver <b>116</b> on the network <b>32,</b> and on to the processing station <b>50.</b> For purposes of description, reference is made to the first locating device being the asset tracking system <b>42.</b>

0042The alternative location detection systems of <figref idref="f0011 f0012">FIGS. 16-19</figref> provide a second locating device <b>109</b> associated with the patient handling device <b>22</b> and in electronic communication with the processing station <b>50</b> to transmit a second unique location identifier to the processing station <b>50.</b> The second unique location identifier corresponds to the subarea or zone in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located. Thus, the first unique location identifier provides the general vicinity in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located, while the second unique location identifier further refines the description of the location to pinpoint the location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> Referring first to <figref idref="f0011">FIG. 16</figref>, the second locating device may be an electronic switch <b>118</b> that can be manually actuated to correspond to the appropriate zone <b>A, B.</b> The switch <b>118</b> would be in communication with the network 32 and processing station <b>50</b> to identify the zone <b>A, B</b> selected.

0043Referring to <figref idref="f0012">FIGS. 17 and 18</figref>, the second locating device <b>109</b> is a sonic distance sensor <b>120</b> or a laser distance finder <b>122</b> used to determine the zone <b>A, B</b> in which the patient handling device <b>22</b> is located. In these embodiments, the sonic distance sensors <b>120</b> or laser distance finders <b>122</b> would be adapted to generally measure distances from walls <b>124, 125</b> located in the first area, e.g., <b>Room 1,</b> to further determine the position of the patient handling device <b>22</b> in the room. A look-up table could be loaded into the processing station <b>50</b> with predetermined ranges of distances provided to correspond to the different zones <b>A, B.</b> For instance, once the patient handling device <b>22</b> is wheeled or moved into room, the sonic distance sensors <b>120</b> or laser distance finder <b>122</b> may be manually or automatically operated to measure the distance from predetermined boundaries, e.g., walls <b>124, 125,</b> with the measured distances being compared to the look-up table and with a corresponding zone <b>A, B</b> selected therefrom.

0044Referring to <figref idref="f0012">FIG. 19</figref>, the second locating device is a hall-effect sensor 126 operable with a room magnet <b>128</b> or plurality of room magnets <b>128</b> located in the room to determine the zone location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> In each of the embodiments of <figref idref="f0011 f0012">FIGS. 16-19</figref>, the sonic distance sensors <b>120,</b> laser distance finder <b>122,</b> and hall-effect sensor <b>126</b> would be adapted to transmit signals that communicate, either directly or indirectly, with the processing station <b>50</b> to display the room and zone location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b> In one version, the communication module <b>48</b> is in electronic communication with these second locating devices <b>109</b> and the processing station <b>50</b> to transmit the second unique location identifier from the second locating devices <b>109</b> to the processing station <b>50.</b> Again, as with the previously described embodiments, the patient handling device <b>22</b> has a unique ID and the communication module <b>48</b> communicates the unique ID to the processing station <b>50</b> such that the processing station <b>50</b> can correlate the first unique location identifier and the second unique location identifier to the patient handling device <b>22</b> to determine the room and zone location of the patient handling device <b>22.</b>

0045Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. The invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described within the scope of the appended claims.