Automatic small-arm

The invention relates to a gasdruckladende and locked self-loading handgun with a particular non-rotatable, straight in the longitudinal direction of the weapon movable bolt carrier and one with his backside in the bolt carrier to the Longitudinally for locking or unlocking rotatably mounted Closure head, the closure head at its Buttock an extending transverse to the longitudinal direction having control pin which in an obliquely to the longitudinal direction extending, first by a and a second Side flank engages limited control link, so that by this engagement<ul><li>at the beginning of the opening movement of the bolt carrier the bolt head with respect to the longitudinal direction of fixed remains, but by the action of the first side edge to drive pins to rotate to the unlocking carries out, and only then to the opening movement participates, and</li><li>shortly before the end of the closing movement of the closure head arrives regarding Längrichtung standstill and during the final phase of the closing movement of the bolt carrier by the action of the second side edge to drive pins reverse rotation until the Locking performs.</li></ul>

In the notified almost 70 years ago DE-C-478 630 is a Control setting for a rückstoßladendes gun shown in which the straight side edge for locking inclined steeper is, as it was previously the case, so that it now becomes steeper as each section of the optimized, consisting of two sections Side flank for unlocking. It is also a straight is side edge shown to unlock, but from the text not clear what is meant by this.

Such handgun according to the preamble of Claim 1 is roughly by the US-automatic rifle M16 known, but is in principle not only in self-loading rifles with rotating bolt head, but also with straight pull repeating rifles known in which, however, further described below problems not apparent.

The closing movement of a closure (closure carrier and Closure head) should be done as quickly as possible. This not only because of the often desired rapid fire sequence, but also for the reason that the cartridge short Nachführstrecke, on which it is not done as quickly as possible travels, so that when shooting with tilted or reverse weapon no Nachführstörungen occur.

On the other hand, the control bolt must at the end of the closing movement not strike too hard at the end of the link to prevent damage to avoid.

It is therefore desirable that the entire closure at the closing movement on the widest possible range rapidly moved. Accordingly, the angle which the Backdrop relative to the longitudinal direction, quite large, so that the lock on the shortest possible end the closing movement.

In military use, in hunting expeditions and in larger Police actions, it is often necessary, such handguns, as self-loading rifles, over long periods of time ready to fire, or at most only backed and open carry, without that there is an opportunity to clean the Weapon are.

In mechanism of the gun therefore becomes inevitable Sand, dust and mud to settle.

In addition, often false sense of caution run the weapon heavily oiled. Now, if the reloaded cartridge about because of the effects on them when reloading or no longer completely oil-tight for any other reason is, oil can pass into the cartridge and a part of the make propellant ineffective. The result is a so-called "Flabby excess".

If now must be shot in a dangerous situation, then it may happen that a jam occurs because either the returning closure of accumulated Impurities will greatly slowed, or because due an ammunition error, the action of the combustion gases the reloading not quite sufficient.

More shots take place unhindered, because the optionally performed manually lock movement of pollution has cleared away or in the subsequent cartridge no interference is expected.

Starting does of this problematic situation in the prior art the invention aims the functional safety at a generic weapon even under the above-described, to ensure difficult circumstances.

This object is achieved according to claim 1 characterized in that the first side edge of the control track, the closure head to rotated beyond the control bolt when unlocking, to the longitudinal direction a smaller angle than the opposite second side edge.

The second side edge, that is effective in Verriegein, has the above-mentioned steep orientation towards the Longitudinally on the top already be useful and described usual.

When milling the scenery are in the inventive Weapon not, as usually common and production engineering advantageously, the two flanks applied in parallel to each other, but the first side edge, which upon unlocking is effective in a flatter, smaller angle for Longitudinally arranged as the second side edge.

The ratio between the backward motion of the bolt carrier and the unlocking rotational movement is thus in accordance with the invention advantageously less than the reverse movement when locking and thus sets the the shutter opening movement a lower resistance contrary, as was previously the case.

Thus, not only larger opening forces are effective as so far that open the lock, but also in the Power to no longer be sufficient cartridge is still able to open the closure to the extent that a normal Function of the weapon is still guaranteed. In addition, a lighter, manual opening of the closure, after considerable if heavily soiled chamber.

The control link can be formed by two surfaces, formed on the closure carrier, but not in just communicate.

It is also possible, the control link through a groove to form, which is closed to the outside, to prevent that dirt from the outside enters the backdrop.

Preferably (claim 2) is the setting as a continuous Long hole is formed which passes through the bolt carrier, but covered outwardly from the weapon housing. Pollution, which come into it in the slot, is of the Movement of the control bolt again on both sides outward pushed.

Start and end of the slot extend in each case parallel to the longitudinal direction of the weapon and by connected to a central portion of the two of the Side flanks is limited. The on the first, flatter Side flank adjacent edge of the top section extends over a much shorter distance than the to the second, steeper side flank adjacent edge, while the two edges of the end portion approximately equal to are long.

Furthermore, is the lateral arrangement of the control link preferably the first side edge to the second (claim 3), which through appropriate selection of the rotational direction of the sealing head is achieved when locking and unlocking; should accumulate dirt in the gun, then there is for the top, used when opening first side edge a lower risk of contamination than for the lower second Side flank.

Preferably, the automatic weapon according to the invention (claim is 4) designed as a gas pressure loader, in which a gas piston device acts on the closure carrier and these moves. This is particularly unusual because it when gas pressure loaders the problems described always thus far encountered in that the Gasanzapfung or the gas nozzle sized or adjusted in such a manner has that much more gas to drive the gas piston, as it is basically necessary. However, could user inexpertly made gas nozzle settings damage to the weapon and in a loss of Reliability lead.

The object of the invention is illustrated by the attached, schematic drawings for example described in more detail. This shows:<dl tsize="6" compact="compact"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>the rear end of a gun barrel according to the invention with closure, in the locked position,</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>the same arrangement as in Fig, 1, but with the unlocked Closure, and</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>the vergößerte contour of the closure control link of FIG. 1 and 2.</dd></dl>

All location information, such as "about", "rear" o. The like. Go out of the horizontal and ready to fire held weapon, which "front" the weft direction is indicated.

Further, in all of the figures for the same elements throughout the same reference numerals used. Remarks of a figure refer, mutatis mutandis, to the other Characters.

In Fig. 1 and 2, respectively, the closure system of a illustrated schematically the automatic rifle. The run 1 with his designated as longitudinal axis of the bore 21 has at its rear end a cartridge chamber and is rotatably mounted in a locking sleeve 3, which in turn rigid in the weapon housing (not shown) is. The rear end of the locking sleeve 3 has a round opening up of the round with a mutual distance arranged radial run out, the one about each having rectangular cross section. Between the leading edge this opening and the rear end of the barrel 1 is a circular chamber formed whose internal diameter approximately the corresponding diameter formed by the groove bottoms of the opening.

The closure comprises a closure carrier 5 and a closure head 11, one to the opening of the locking sleeve 3 complementary cross section with projections having, corresponding to the grooves, and a length of corresponds to the length of said chamber.

Thus, the bolt head 11 in the opening aligned rotational angle position through the opening are introduced into the chamber. If the bolt head 11 then twisted in this position, then grip behind his Projections, the webs between the grooves of the locking sleeve 3, while the bolt head 11 simultaneously on the the rear end of the barrel 1 is seated or nearly seated. Now the bolt head 11 can no longer straight in Longitudinally of the barrel 1 to be moved; he is "locked". Will he again returned to its previous location, ie, "unlocked", then he can back from the Chamber be withdrawn.

In Fig. 1 the closure head 11 is locked, in Fig. 2 unlocked.

The bolt head 11 is at its rear part in a Bolt carrier 5 out of not shown by a Gas piston means during firing in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2 is moved. Here is the closure head 11 Control pin 9 is attached, of a control gate 7 forming elongated hole in the bolt carrier 5 penetrated.

The contour of the control cam 7 is enlarged in FIG. 3 shown.

When the closure head 11 is locked (Fig. 1), then is the bolt carrier 5 in its forward Situation and the control pin 9 is therefore at the rear End of the control link. 7

When shot the bolt carrier 5 in the arrow direction (Shown in FIG 2), wherein the control bolt 9 and the weak at a shallow angle 17 with respect to the longitudinal direction 21 and a line parallel to this inclined first Side flank 13, a relative movement to carry each other. The first side edge 13 presses the control bolt 9 down and rotated against the closure head 11 clockwise as seen from the rear. The closure head 11 is released thereby.

When the control bolt 9 against the front end of the control slot 7 abuts, is the unlocking of the rotary movement Shutter head 11 completed and the bolt head 11 is from the closure carrier by the engagement of the control bolt 9 in the front end of the control link 7 to the rear taken.

Now the empty cartridge case ejection is performed and the Tracking the new cartridge in a known manner. there moves the bolt carrier 5 together with the closure head 11 back forward until the bolt head 11 abuts against the rear end of the barrel. 1 The control bolt 9 takes up a position in the control slide 7, which behind the front end thereof and prior to the second side edge 15 is that at a steep angle 19 to the longitudinal direction 21 inclined.

The closure head during the return and forward movement by engaging in not shown training at the rotation was stopped, now, in the situation of FIG. 2 rotate, wherein the control bolt 9 violently against second, steep side flank pressed 15 and then through this Engagement is pushed upward. It twists the closure head 11, seen from behind, in a clockwise and is thereby locked (position of FIG. 1).

Due to the different inclination of the first 13 and second 15 side flank is to unlock the bolt head 11 a significantly lower force is required as to Lock. Therefore, it is harmless if due to a schlappen cartridge lower opening force available stands, or caused by pollution high Unlocking present. In any case, has the Closure 5, 11 after unlocking that with little could take place force the necessary momentum to his return completely down, while a undisturbed recharging effect.