Automatic small-arm

The invention relates to a locked self-loading handgun with a particular non-rotatable, straight in the longitudinal direction of the weapon moving bolt carrier and with its rear end in the bolt carrier about the longitudinal direction for locking and unlocking rotatably mounted bolt head, the bolt head on its rear end a transverse to longitudinally extending control pin which engages in an obliquely to the longitudinally extending through a first and a second side edge limited control link, so that by this engagement<ul><li>at the beginning of the opening movement of the shutter arm of the bolt head with respect to the longitudinal direction remains stationary, but rotation is carried out by the action of the first side edge on the control pin to unlocking, and only then takes part in the opening motion, and</li><li>arrives shortly before the end of the closing movement of the bolt head with respect to the Längrichtung to a standstill and during the final phase of the closing movement of the shutter arm reverse rotation is carried out by the action of the second side edge on the control pin to the latch.</li></ul>

Such handgun according to the preamble of claim 1 is known about by the US-automatic rifle M16, but is in principle not only in self-loading rifles with rotary bolt head, but also with straight pull repeating rifles are known in which, however, the further described below problem does not result ,

The closing movement of a closure (bolt carrier and bolt head) should be done as quickly as possible. This is not only because of the often desired rapid fire sequence, but also for the reason that the cartridge short Nachführstrecke on which it is not done, travels as quickly as possible, so that with tilted or reverse weapon no Nachführstörungen occur when shooting.

On the other hand, the control bolt must not hit too hard at the end of the link at the end of the closing movement, to prevent damage.

It is therefore desirable that the entire closure during the closing movement on the largest possible distance moved as quickly as possible. Accordingly, the angle which has the backdrop to the longitudinal direction, quite large, so that the lock is at the shortest possible end of the closing movement.

In military use, in hunting expeditions and in larger police actions, it is often necessary, such firearms as automatic weapons, ready to fire, or at most only backed up and openly carry over long periods of time without there is an opportunity to clean the gun.

In mechanism of the weapon, therefore sand, dust and sludge will inevitably settle.

In addition, the barrel of the gun is often heavily oiled false sense of caution. Now, if the reloaded cartridge is not completely oil-tight about because of the effects on them when recharging or for any other reason, oil can get into the cartridge and make a part of the propellant charge ineffective. The result is a "flabby excess".

If now must be shot in a dangerous situation, then it may happen that a jam occurs because either the returning closure of accumulated impurities is excessively braked, or because the action of the combustion gases not quite sufficient to reloading due to munitions error.

More shots take place unhindered, because the optionally performed manually closing movement, pollution cleared away or can be expected no interference in the subsequent cartridge.

Starting from this problematic situation in the prior art, the invention aims to ensure the functional reliability with a generic weapon under the circumstances described above, no barriers.

This object is according to claim 1 achieved in that the first side edge of the control track, which rotates the bolt head on the control bolt when unlocking, the longitudinal direction of a smaller angle than the opposite second side edge.

The second side edge, that is effective in Verriegein, has the above-mentioned steep orientation relative to the longitudinal direction, which has already been described above as appropriate and customary.

When milling the scenery are in the weapon according to the invention do not, as usually common and production engineering for the two flanks applied parallel to each other, but the first side edge, which will take effect during unlocking is arranged in a flatter, smaller angle to the longitudinal direction than the second side edge ,

The translation between the backward motion of the bolt carrier and the unlocking rotational movement is thus less than the reverse movement when locking in accordance with the invention advantageously, thus following the opening of the shutter movement less resistance than was previously the case.

Thus, not only larger opening forces are effectively than before, open the shutter, but also in the performance per se is no longer sufficient cartridge is still unable to open the shutter so far that a normal function of the weapon is still guaranteed. In addition, a lighter, manual opening of the closure, where despite possibly very dirty chamber.

The control link can be formed by two surfaces which are formed on the bolt carrier, but not with a direct connection.

It is also possible to form the control cam by a groove which is closed to the outside, to prevent dirt from the outside passes into the backdrop.

Preferably (claim 2) is the backdrop formed as a continuous slot which extends through the bolt carrier, but is covered to the outside from the weapon housing. Pollution, which come into it in the slot is pushed by the movement of the control bolt back on both sides to the outside.

Start and end portion of the elongated hole each extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the gun and are connected by a middle section which is delimited by the two lateral flanks. The adjacent to the first, flatter side back edge of the top section extends over a much shorter distance than the adjoining second, steeper side flank edge, while the two edges of the end portion are approximately the same length.

in lateral arrangement of the control link addition is preferably the first side edge to the second (claim 3), which is achieved by appropriate selection of the direction of rotation of the bolt head in locked or unlocked; should accumulate dirt in the gun, then there is less risk of contamination than for the lower second side edge of the upper, used when opening the first side edge.

Preferably, the self-loading weapon according to the invention (Claim 4) is constructed as a gas pressure loader, in which a gas piston device acting on the closure carrier and moves the latter. This is particularly unusual because it is the problems described above have always encountered in gas pressure chargers so that you have sized or set the Gasanzapfung or the gas nozzle in such a manner that significantly more gas drives the gas piston, as it is basically necessary. However could inexpertly made by the user Gas nozzle settings result in damage to the gun and to a loss of reliability.

The object of the invention is for example described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing. This shows:<dl id="dl0001" compact="compact"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>the rear end of a gun barrel according to the invention with the closure in the locked position,</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>the same arrangement as in FIG, 1, but with unlocked closure, and</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>the vergößerte contour of the closure of Fig. 1 and 2 control link.</dd></dl>

All location information, such as "about", "rear" o. The like. Emanate from the weapon horizontally and ready to fire held, where "forward" the weft direction is indicated.

Further, the same reference numbers in all the figures for the same elements used throughout. Notes of a figure refer mutatis mutandis to the other figures.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the closure system of the automatic rifle is schematically illustrated in each case. The run 1 with his designated as longitudinal bore axis 21 has at its rear end in a chamber and is rotatably mounted in a locking sleeve 3, which is mounted in turn rigidly in the weapon housing (not shown). The rear end of the locking sleeve 3 has a circular opening, starting from the arranged all around with spaced radial grooves, each having an approximately rectangular cross section. Between the front edge of this opening and the rear end of the barrel 1 is a round chamber is formed, whose inner diameter corresponds approximately to the diameter formed by the groove bottoms of the opening.

The closure comprises a closure carrier 5 and a bolt head 11 which has an opening for the locking sleeve 3 complementary cross-section with projections corresponding to the grooves, and a length corresponding to the length of said chamber.

Thus, the bolt head 11 can be inserted in an aligned opening in the rotational angle position through the opening into the chamber. If the bolt head 11 is then rotated in this position, then engage behind its projections, the webs between the grooves of the locking sleeve 3, while the bolt head 11 is seated at the same time on the rear end of the barrel 1, or nearly seated. Now, the bolt head 11 can not be moved linearly in the longitudinal direction of the barrel 1; he is "locked". Will he again returned to its previous position, ie "unlocked", then it can be pulled out of the chamber to the rear.

In Fig. 1 the closure head 11 is locked, unlocked in Fig. 2.

The closure head 11 is guided with its rear part in a bolt carrier 5, which is moved by a not shown gas piston device in the weft direction of the arrow in Figure 2. Here, a control pin 9 is attached to the bolt head 11, which passes through a control gate 7 forming slot in the bolt carrier. 5

The contour of the control cam 7 is shown enlarged in FIG. 3.

When the closure head 11 is locked (Fig. 1), then there is the bolt carrier 5 in its foremost position and the control pin 9 is consequently, at the rear end of the control link 7 at.

When shot the bolt carrier is 5 in the arrow direction (shown in FIG 2), wherein the control bolt 9 and the weak in at a low angle 17 to the longitudinal direction 21 and a line parallel to this inclined first side edge 13 to perform relative movement therebetween. The first side edge 13 presses the control bolt 9 down and twisted the bolt head 11 counterclockwise as seen from behind. The closure head 11 is released thereby.

When the control pin 9 abuts against the front end of the control link 7, the unlocking rotational movement of the sealing head 11 is completed and the closure head 11 is entrained by the bolt carrier through the engagement of the control pin 9 in the front end of the control link 7 to the rear.

Now the empty cartridge shell and ejection of the tracking of the new cartridge in a known manner is performed. In this case, the bolt carrier 5 moves together with the bolt head 11 forward again until the bolt head 11 abuts against the rear end of the barrel. 1 The control bolt 9 takes on a one layer in the control link 7, which lies behind the front end and before the second side edge 15, which is inclined at a steep angle to the longitudinal direction 19 21st

now 2 The closure head, which was prevented from rotating during the return and forward movement by engaging in not shown embodiments, may be able to FIG. Turn the control bolt 9 violently pressed against the second, steep side flank 15 and then through this engagement is pushed upward. In this case, the closure head 11, seen from behind rotated in a clockwise direction and is thereby locked (position of FIG. 1).

Due to the different inclination of the first 13 and second 15 side flank for unlocking the bolt head 11 is a significantly lower force is required than for locking. Therefore, it is harmless if due to a limp cartridge lower opening force is available, or caused by pollution high unlocking present. In any case, having the shutter 5, 11 after unlocking that could be done with only a small force, the necessary momentum to his return completely down and thereby effect an uninterrupted recharging.