Medicaments with cytostatic activity and use of cyclic compounds, in which the heterocyclic N-ring atoms are substituted by several glycidyl groups, in pharmaceutical compositions.

It is known that a number of alkylating substances have a cytostatic or cytotoxic effect. The best known compounds are derived from the so-called nitrogen mustard. In addition, it is also known to use at least two compounds containing epoxy groups in the molecule as cancerostats. Such compounds are, for example, 4,4'-bis (2,3-epoxypropyl) -dipiperidinyl- (1,1 ') and 1,2-15,16-diepoxy-4,7-10,13_-tetraoxohexadecane. However, the latter compounds have brought no significant improvement in cytostatic treatment and are rarely used.

The subject matter of the unpublished DE-OS 29 07 349 relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity which contain triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGI) as an active ingredient and / or those TGI derivatives in which the hydrogen atom of the carbon is in the 2-position of the glycidyl group by an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms can be replaced. In other words, this means that the three N atoms of the isocyanuric ring are substituted with glycidyl radicals containing epoxy groups, which in the 2-position can also be substituted with an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The subject of the older patent ................... (patent application .................... include pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic Efficacy containing compounds of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0001" num="0001"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0001.tif" /></chemistry>in which R has the following meaning: alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl, which radicals can, if desired, also be unsaturated and / or substituted.

The present invention is based on the finding that the N-glycidyl grouping generally has high cytostatic activity when certain conditions for the incorporation described below are such _N-Glycidyl groups in the molecule of the drug are met.

Accordingly, the invention relates in a first embodiment to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, which are characterized in that they contain such N-heterocycles which have at least 2 N atoms substituted with glycidyl groups in the ring system in amide and / or imide form. The glycidyl group corresponds to the formula<chemistry id="chem0002" num="0002"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0002.tif" /></chemistry> in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. R is preferably hydrogen.

It has surprisingly been found that, in general, N-heterocyclic organic ring compounds have cytostatic activity when two or more N-glycidyl groups are present in the molecule, these N-glycidyl groups being part of an amide and / or imide structure. The nitrogen atom bearing the glycidyl group is therefore adjacent to at least one carbonyl group and this system composed of carbonyl group and nitrogen substituted by a glycidyl group and optionally another carbonyl group is integrated into the heterocyclic ring system, and is therefore a direct ring component. In the pharmaceutical preparations of the invention there are active substances of this type in which such cytostatically functional groups are present at least twice, but if desired also in larger numbers. In particularly preferred embodiments, this group is present two to four times, in particular two or three times. Surprisingly, the further nature of the active ingredient constitution is less important. Although the mechanism of action of the compounds used in the context of the invention has not been elucidated in detail, it can nevertheless be assumed that the meaning of the remaining molecular component lies in particular in the influence on the solubility or on the distribution of the lipophilic and hydrophilic preferences. This explains the broad definition of the active substances which can be used according to the invention and which have cytostatic activity and which always have at least two N-glycidylamide and / or N-glycidylimide functions as a corresponding structural and active element.

The N-heterocyclic organic ring compounds which are used several times with glycidyl groups and are used according to the invention can be characterized more precisely in such a way that they have at least two ring segments of the formula<chemistry id="chem0003" num="0003"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0003.tif" /></chemistry>or at least one ring segment of the formula<chemistry id="chem0004" num="0004"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0004.tif" /></chemistry>have, and that they continue to contain - as long as these ring segments are not themselves closed to form a ring - carbon and optionally additional nitrogen, oxygen and optionally sulfur as ring-closing members. The glycidyl radical corresponds to the general formula given above.

The additional ring closure members optionally present in addition to the ring segments represented by the formula are carbon and optionally additional nitrogen, oxygen and / or sulfur. The carbon can be present as a carbonyl group or as a hydrocarbon group) which - taking into account the preferred definitions given below - can also be substituted as desired. Any other nitrogen atoms present as ring closure members in the ring system can be unsubstituted or substituted in any way, in particular they can also carry further glycidyl radicals.

It has furthermore been shown that, in order to create pronounced cytostatic activity, certain maximum molecular weights of the compounds used according to the invention are advantageously not exceeded. In general, the molecular weight of the cytostatically active component is not above about 1000. Compounds with a molecular weight of up to about 750 are preferred. N-heterocycles containing several glycidyl substituents, the molecular weight of which does not exceed or only moderately exceeds the limit value of about 500 - for example the value of 550 or at most 600 - have proven to be particularly effective, and in particular those in _Be-range from about 200 to 500, for example from about 300 to 500. These figures apply primarily to N-heterocyclic compounds of the type mentioned with 2 to 4, in particular 2 or 3, glycidyl groups in an amide or imide bond. In principle, it is possible according to the invention to arrange several such components in a row in order to obtain compounds of higher molecular weight, but nevertheless high cytostatic activity.

Different basic types can be distinguished in the context of the active substances with cytostatic activity used in accordance with the invention. In a first subclass, there are heterocycles with only one heterocyclic ring in the molecule. This ring then contains the previously defined N-glycidyl substituents on amide or imide structures, optionally in addition to further substituted or unsubstituted ring members of the type specified. In this case there is in any case at least two glycidyl residues on amide and / or imide nitrogen atoms on this one ring.

In a further subclass, the cytostatically active ring compound used according to the invention is itself made up of a plurality of rings connected to one another. Two characteristic subclasses can be distinguished here: In the first subclass, at least two individual heterocyclic ring systems are provided, which are, however, connected to one another by a bridge link. In the second subclass, at least two heterocyclic ring systems are fused together in such a way that at least one, preferably at least two, ring members are common to two such rings. In both subclasses described here, there is the possibility that there is only one N-glycidyl group of the type described per heterocyclic ring system, provided that the molecule as a whole has at least two of these cytostatically active groups. However, it is possible that one or more of the individual rings of the overall multi-ring system contains more than just one glycidyl-N group in an amide or imide bond. In addition, with regard to the remaining ring members and other molecular constituents, their nature is fundamentally of minor importance and presumably has a substantial influence on the distribution of the active substance in the organism.

The N-heterocyclic rings substituted with glycicyl groups are saturated in the active substances used according to the invention or contain double bonds. The number of ring links is again of minor importance and is mainly determined by accessibility and stability considerations. The individual rings preferably have no more than 14 and in particular no more than 12 ring members. For considerations of ring stability, the lower limit can generally be the number of 4 members. Ring systems with a number of ring members of up to 10 are of particular importance, ring connections with a number of rings of 5 to 7 being of particular importance, primarily for reasons of preparative accessibility. Heterocycles with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and NH groups in an amide or imide bond are known in large numbers. They are usually accessible to glycidation on the N atom - either by reaction with epihalohydrin or introduction of an allyl residue with subsequent epoxidation of the double bond. Accordingly, compounds of this type are of primary interest for the invention.

Particularly suitable heterocycle structures according to the invention can thus be assigned to a number of subclasses. A first subclass are the cyclic ureides, see, for example, FIESER / FIESER "Textbook of Organic Chemistry" Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim (1954) pp. 254 to 260. The cyclic ureides suitable according to the invention contain at least 2 in the preliminary stage before the introduction of the glycidyl residues -NH groups adjacent to an oxo group -CO-. By introducing at least 2 glycidyl residues in N substitution and in proximity to the oxo group 5, particularly preferred compounds with cytostatic activity are produced according to the invention.

The cyclic ureides can be compounds with one or more heterocyclic ring systems. If several heterocyclic ring systems are present, these can be fused together or only connected to one another by means of a link. The preferred number of ring links is 5 to 7, in particular 5 and / or 6.

Another particularly preferred subclass of the active compounds according to the invention is derived from cyclic imides, as are discussed in detail below (general formula VII).

Another subclass of the compounds suitable according to the invention are N-glycidyl-substituted cyclic amides with at least 2 N-glycidyl-substituted amide groups in the molecule. Finally, mixed types of the sub-groups listed here are possible.

In particularly important embodiments of the invention, N-heterocyclic ring compounds of the following general formulas substituted with glycidyl groups are thus present in the active compound mixtures:<chemistry id="chem0005" num="0005"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0005.tif" /></chemistry>

In this formula, U is a double-bonded group which closes the heterocycle to form a 5- to 7-membered ring, in particular a 5- or 6-membered ring and has C, N, O and / or S as ring members.<chemistry id="chem0006" num="0006"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0006.tif" /></chemistry>

In this general formula, the meaning of V corresponds to the meaning given previously for U from the _Formelbild zu a), p is a number of 2 or 3, preferably 2. The two glycidyl-substituted carbonamide groups can directly adjoin one another, but they can also be separated by an intermediate member. be separate.<chemistry id="chem0007" num="0007"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0007.tif" /></chemistry>

In this general formula, W is a 4-bonded group which closes the two heterocycles to 5- to 7-membered rings - in particular to 5- and / or 6-membered rings - and has C, N, 0 and / or S as ring members . r and s are numbers from 1 to 3, in particular 1 or 2. r and s can be the same or different. Compounds in which r and s each represent 1 are of particular importance.<chemistry id="chem0008" num="0008"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0008.tif" /></chemistry>

In this general formula, X is a 2-bonded group which connects 2 heterocyclic ring systems of the type described under b). X preferably has no more than 8, in particular no more than 6, members. r and s have the meaning explained in c). In the class of compounds shown here, the link X can also have one or two heterocyclic radicals which correspond to the formula (a) shown above.

Any substituents on the N-heterocyclic rings - or on the additional ring-closure members present in these rings - or on ring systems, which in turn are fused to the N-heterocyclic rings, can be unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon radicals or conventional functional substituents with the proviso that that they are not reactive with the glycidyl groups of the active ingredients used according to the invention, at least at normal temperature. In the following, a number of special connections are made ...

describes the subordinate to the broad definition of the invention. In connection with these special compounds, specific statements are made regarding substitution options on the N-heterocyclic systems. These statements have general validity in the context of the description of the invention, and are therefore not limited to the particular type of connection in whose explanation they are used. The information also applies accordingly to other basic bodies that can be subsumed under the general definition.

The triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGI) of DE-OS 29 07 349 and the diglycidyl isocyanurates of the general formula I of the earlier application mentioned at the outset also fall within the scope of the general definition of cytostatically active compounds. However, their use as cytostatics is already the subject of the older property rights mentioned and is not claimed here again.

One embodiment of the present invention relates to medicaments which contain certain benzimidazolone derivatives substituted by glycidyl radicals and which have a surprisingly strong cytostatic activity.

Accordingly, in this embodiment, the invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, containing compounds of the general formula II<chemistry id="chem0009" num="0009"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0009.tif" /></chemistry>in which A is an aromatic, cycloaliphatic or olefinically unsaturated 6-ring, which can also contain a heteroatom - in particular N or O -, and the radicals R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ and glycidyl have the following meanings:<ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li>R₁ to R₄: Same or different residues and thereby hydrogen, halogen or hydrocarbon residues each with not more than 8 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted and where 2 of these residues can be closed to form a ring</li><li>Glycidyl: a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0010" num="0010"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0010.tif" /></chemistry>in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.</li></ul>

It is therefore proposed according to the invention to use diglycidyl compounds which are benzimidazolone derivatives or which can ultimately be derived from benzimidazolone and which are distinguished by the presence of 2 glycidyl radicals as substituents on the nitrogen atoms of the 5-ring system for the stated purpose. A whole series of compounds of this type are known per se. Their manufacture is described, for example, in DE-OS 23 00 010 and in NL-OS 73 00 191, various manufacturing options being mentioned in these publications. A particularly simple way of production starts from the benzimidazolone base bodies, into which the glycidyl residues on the two N atoms of the multi-ring system are then introduced. The production of a large number of such substituted benzimidazolones is described, for example, in J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol.80 (1958) 1657-1664.

Diglycidyl compounds of the type concerned here have so far found only interest in the technical field, in particular in the field of plastics chemistry. When used according to the invention, they show a surprisingly high cytostatic activity, which could be determined in animal experiments.

For the sake of simplicity, the diglycidyl compounds used in the context of the invention are referred to below as benzimidazolone derivatives, even if those derivatives are included in this term in which the 6-ring A from the general formula II is partially or completely saturated.

The ring system A of the general formula II can be in positions R₁ to R₄ be unsubstituted, so that these radicals here mean hydrogen. However, one or more of these residues can also be halogen and / or ... hydrocarbon residues. If there are several substituents, the same or different substituents may be present. Chlorine and bromine, iodine and fluorine are particularly preferred as halogen, however, are not excluded.

Is at least one of the radicals R₁ to R₄ a hydrocarbon radical, it should not have more than 12 carbon atoms, preferably not more than 8 carbon atoms. Residues which contain up to 6 or preferably even only up to 4 carbon atoms can be of particular interest. In addition to hydrogen, methyl and / or ethyl radicals can be of particular importance. However, it should be taken into account here that these hydrocarbon radicals may in turn be substituted, so that further carbon atoms can be introduced into the radical concerned by these substituents - which are explained below.

Straight-chain and / or branched alkyl and alkenyl radicals of the stated carbon number are suitable as hydrocarbon radicals. Aryl residues are also suitable. In the sense of the definition according to the invention, this group includes aromatic pests in the narrower sense, which therefore consist exclusively of the residue of an aromatic ring system, and also substituents containing aromatic residues of the type of alkaryl residues or aralkyl residues. At least one of these radicals means R₁ to R₄ such an aryl radical, 1-ring substituents are particularly preferred here. Typical representatives are phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, xylyl and related compounds.

At least one of the substituents R₁ to R₄ can furthermore mean a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical. It also applies here that this term includes substituents which have a corresponding cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl constituent, as has been explained above for the term aryl radicals. The mononuclear ring systems based on cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and their derivatives are also preferred in the case of saturated or partially saturated ring-shaped substituents. Heterocyclic radicals, especially ring compounds with 0, N and / or S in the preferably 5- or 6-membered ring system fall within the scope of the invention. The ring systems can preferably contain 1, 2 or 3 such heteroatoms and in turn can be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the substituents R₁ to R₄ in total not more than 12 carbon atoms, preferably not more than 10 carbon atoms. As previously stated, these numbers apply to the substituents R.₁ to R₄ without considering any further substitution of these substituents. Particularly in the area of ​​the substituents R₁ to R₄ In a further preferred embodiment, the sum of the carbon atoms of these substituents is not more than 8, in particular not more than 4, carbon atoms.

If desired, all of the substituents R₁ to R₄ in turn have further substituents. Suitable substituents are in particular halogen - here especially chlorine and / or bromine - alkoxy, acyl and acyloxy.

Are on such substituted residues R₁ to R₄ substitute _ieren_de Groups before that. in turn contain hydrocarbon radicals, these substituting groups preferably have no more than 10, suitably no more than 8, carbon atoms. The particularly preferred limit here is 6 carbon atoms, in particular not more than 4 carbon atoms. These substituting hydrocarbon radicals can in turn be aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl and / or alkyl radicals which, if desired, can also have substituents such as halogen, hydroxyl and the like. Here too, heteroatom-containing radicals of the type described above, for example heterocyclic ring systems with 1 to 3 heteroatoms, are included.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the subclass affected here, the subclass used according to the invention _BEnzimidazolone derivatives have the substituting radicals R₁ to R₄- taking into account any substituents present on these radicals - a total of no more than 15 carbon atoms, preferably no more than 12 carbon atoms. Again, it may be preferred that there are no more than 10 or even no more than 8 carbon atoms in total. Lower limit values ​​are of particular importance, namely no more than 4 or at most 6 carbon atoms.

In addition to or instead of the meanings given above for these substituents R₁ to R₄ these radicals can mean alkoxy, aroxy, acyl, nitro, substituted amino, in particular dialkylamino and / or the urea radical -NHCONH2.

In the case of the alkoxy and aroxy radicals and the acyl radicals, the information given above for the comparable hydrocarbon substituents applies. The number of carbon atoms in the individual substituent is preferably not more than 12, in particular not more than 8, but especially ··· not more than 4 or at most 6 carbon atoms. Suitable substituted amino groups are monosubstituted and disubstituted amino groups, for example corresponding alkyl or acyl amino groups. Here, too, the limits just given apply to the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl radicals.

Preferred meanings for R₁ to R₄ are hydrogen, low alkyl, low alkoxy, low acyl and / or halogen. It is further preferred that at least one, in particular 2 or 3, of these radicals is hydrogen.

The N, N'-digylcidylbenzimidazolones according to formula II with the following meaning for R are particularly preferred₁ to ^R₄. <tables id="tabl0001" num="0001"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0011.tif" /></tables><tables id="tabl0002" num="0002"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0012.tif" /></tables>

The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, containing compounds of the general formula III<chemistry id="chem0011" num="0011"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0013.tif" /></chemistry>in which R ', R ", glycidyl and m have the following meanings:<ul id="ul0002" list-style="none"><li>_R': identical or different radicals from the group hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals with preferably up to 20 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted, and acyl</li><li>_R": identical or different radicals from the group hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals with preferably up to 15 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted, acyl and nitro</li><li>m: a number of 0, 1 or 2 as well</li><li>Glycidyl: a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0012" num="0012"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0014.tif" /></chemistry>in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 3 1 to 4 carbon atoms.</li></ul>

The glycoluril derivatives selected according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that at least two glycidyl radicals are present on the bicyclic system as substituents on the nitrogen atoms of the ring system. It is particularly preferred to use compounds of general formula III in which two glycidyl residues in_N-Substitution are provided, these two glycidyl residues attack on the same 5-ring (1,3-position). However, the glycidyl derivatives in which the two glycidyl groups are distributed over the two 5-ring systems also fall into the range of the compound of the general formula III which is preferred according to the invention (1,5- or 1,7-position). The presence of three glycidyl groups (1,3,5 or 1,3,7 position) can also lead to compounds to be used according to the invention.

The radicals R 'in the compounds of the general formula III are, in particular, hydrogen, any hydrocarbon radicals, each preferably not having more than 20 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted and / or acyl.

The carbon number of these radicals is preferably not above 15 carbon atoms, in particular it is not more than 12 carbon atoms. It may be expedient to use hydrocarbon radicals with an even more limited carbon number, so that the upper carbon limit of each of these radicals R ' for example, 10, or only 8 or 4 carbon atoms. All these figures apply to unsubstituted radicals R '. If these hydrocarbon radicals are in turn substituted, then further carbon atoms can be introduced into the radical concerned by these substituents - which are explained below. This and the following information to explain the hydrocarbon radicals also apply mutatis mutandis to any acyl radicals present.

In the case concerned here, hydrocarbon residues (_R') straight-chain and / or branched alkyl and alkenyl radicals of the specified carbon number into consideration. Aryl residues are also suitable. In the sense of the definition according to the invention, this group includes aromatic radicals in the narrower sense, which therefore consist exclusively of the radical of an aromatic ring system, and also substituents containing aromatic radicals of the type of alkaryl radicals or aralkyl radicals. If R 'is an aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl radical, 1-ring substituents are particularly preferred here. Typical representatives are phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, xylyl and related compounds. ···

One or both of the R 'radicals can furthermore mean cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radicals. It also applies here that this term includes substituents which have a corresponding cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl constituent, as previously explained for the term aryl radicals. The mononuclear ring systems based on cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and their derivatives are also preferred in the case of saturated or partially saturated ring-shaped substituents. Heterocyclic radicals, in particular ring compounds with 0, N and / or S in the ring system, fall within the scope of the invention. These ring systems can preferably contain 1, 2 or 3 such heteroatoms and can be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic.

If desired, all of the substituents mentioned here according to R 'can in turn have further substituents. Suitable substituents are in particular halogen - here especially chlorine and / or bromine - alkoxy, acyl and acyloxy.

If there are substituting groups on the substituted radicals R ', which in turn contain hydrocarbon radicals, these substituting groups preferably have no more than 10, suitably no more than 8 carbon atoms. The preferred limit here is 6 carbon atoms, in particular with no more than 4 carbon atoms. These substituting hydrocarbon radicals can in turn be aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl and / or alkyl radicals which, if desired, can also have substituents such as halogen, alkoxy and the like. Here too, heteroatom-containing radicals of the type described above, for example heterocyclic ring systems with 1 to 3 heteroatoms, are included.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the glycoluril derivatives used according to the invention, the substituting radicals R '- without taking into account any substituents which may be present on these radicals - together have no more than 12, in particular no more than ₁₀ Carbon atoms. It can be particularly preferred_uIt may be that the sum of the carbon atoms in these radicals R 'is not more than 8, in particular not more than 4 or at most 6 carbon atoms. It is further preferred that the sum of all C atoms in the radicals R '- including any substituents present - correspond to these numerical limits.

The radicals R "which may be present are - if _R"does not have the meaning of hydrogen - any hydrocarbon radicals which can be the same or different. If hydrocarbon radicals are present, each of these radicals preferably contains no more than 12, in particular no more than 10 or 8, carbon atoms. _toIt may be appropriate to use glycoluril derivatives in which any R radicals present do not have more than 6 or also not more than 4 carbon atoms. The statements made regarding the radicals R 'apply analogously.

Suitable hydrocarbon radicals for R "are, for example, straight-chain and / or branched alkyl and alkenyl radicals of the stated carbon number. Aryl radicals are also suitable. In particular, the corresponding information on the radicals R 'applies, so that alkaryl also applies to the aryl radicals - or aralkyl radicals, mononuclear substituents are also preferred here. The statements made in connection with the definition of R 'for cycloalkyl- or _C.ycloalkenyl residues and heterocyclic residues.

In particular, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, N-substituted amino, mercapto, _Alkylmercapto, arylmercapto, alkoxy, aroxy and / or acyloxy. Residues substituted in this way can be substituted one or more times with the groups mentioned. There are preferably 1 to 3 of these substituents on such radicals R ", in a particularly preferred case correspondingly substituted alkyl radicals can be present. The numerical limitations from the definition of R 'also apply here.

In one embodiment, compounds of the general formula II are used in which the radical (s) R "denotes a disubstituted alkyl radical of the type mentioned, which is selected from the following group: monohydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, halohydroxyalkyl, N-substituted Aminohydroxyalkyl and acyloxyhydroxyalkyl, the alkyl radicals preferably containing 3 to 7 and in particular 3, 4 or 5 carbon atoms.

Particularly preferred compounds according to formula III are the N, N'-diglycidylglycolurils with the following radicals R 'and R ":<tables id="tabl0003" num="0003"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0015.tif" /></tables><tables id="tabl0004" num="0004"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0016.tif" /></tables>

The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, containing compounds of the general formula IV<chemistry id="chem0013" num="0013"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0017.tif" /></chemistry> in which the residues R₅, R₆ and glycidyl have the following meanings:<ul id="ul0003" list-style="none"><li>R₅ and R₆: (1) same or different radicals from the group hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals each with up to 12 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted</li><li>(2) R₅ and R₆ are closed together to form a ring system</li><li>(3) R₅ and R₆ together form the rest<chemistry id="chem0014" num="0014"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0018.tif" /></chemistry>where R₇ and R₈ the meaning of R₅ and R₆ to have (1) or (2),</li><li>Glycidyl: a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0015" num="0015"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0019.tif" /></chemistry>in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where instead of one of these glycidyl radicals two rings of the general formula I can also be connected to one another by a link X, where X is a optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical.</li></ul>

According to the invention it is thus proposed to use mononuclear or dinuclear hydantoin compounds for the stated purpose which are distinguished by the presence of two glycidyl radicals as substituents on the nitrogen atoms of the ring system (s). Individual compounds of this type are known per se. For example, in the_DE-_OS 19 12 281 describes the reaction of 5,5 dimethylhydantoin with epichlorohydrin or epibromohydrin and elimination of hydrogen halide with alkalis. So far, however, these compounds have only been of interest in the technical field, in particular in the field of plastics chemistry. When used according to the invention, they show a surprisingly high cytostatic activity, as could be determined in animal experiments.

Depending on the meaning of the R₅, R₆ Different classes of hydantoin compounds can be distinguished from glycidyl in the compounds of the general formula IV:<ul id="ul0004" list-style="none"><li>If the ring contains two glycidyl residues of the general formula given, then mononuclear glycidyl hydantoin compounds are present, which in turn depend on the meaning of the residues R5 and R₆ can be divided into different sub-groups.</li></ul>

In a first subgroup, R₅ and R₆ Hydrogen or any hydrocarbon radicals, where R₅ and R₆ may have the same or different meanings within the scope of this definition. If there are hydrocarbon residues, they each contain up to 12 carbon atoms. However, it should be borne in mind that these hydrocarbon radicals can in turn be substituted, so that further carbon atoms can be introduced into the radical concerned by these substituents - which are explained below. For further limitation, particularly in terms of numbers, the same applies to the radicals R₁ to R₄ information provided.

In the case concerned here, straight-chain and / or branched alkyl and alkenyl residues of the specified carbon number are suitable as hydrocarbon residues. Aryl residues are also suitable. For the purposes of the definition according to the invention, this group includes aromatic radicals in the narrower sense, which therefore consist exclusively of the radical of an aromatic ring system, and also substituents containing aromatic radicals of the type of alkaryl radicals or aralkyl radicals. Mean R₅ and / or R₆ Aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl radicals, mononuclear substituents are particularly preferred here. Typical representatives are phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, xylyl and related compounds.

R₅ and / or R₆ can furthermore mean cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radicals. It also applies here that this term includes substituents which have a corresponding cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl constituent, as previously explained for the term aryl radicals. The mononuclear ring systems based on cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and their derivatives are also preferred in the case of saturated or partially saturated ring-shaped substituents. Heterocyclic radicals, in particular ring compounds with O, N and / or S in the ring system, fall within the scope of the invention. The ring systems can preferably contain 1, 2 or 3 such heteroatoms and can be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic.

If desired, all of the substituents R₅ and R₆ in turn have further substituents. Suitable substituents are in particular halogen - here especially chlorine and / or bromine - alkoxy, acyl and acyloxy.

Are due to the substituted radicals R₅ and / or R₆ substituting groups which in turn contain hydrocarbon radicals, these substituting groups preferably have no more than 10, advantageously no more than 8, carbon atoms. The particularly preferred limit here is 6 carbon atoms, in particular not more than 4 carbon atoms. These substituting hydrocarbon radicals can in turn be aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl and / or alkyl radicals which, if desired, can also have substituents such as halogen, hydroxyl and the like. Here too, heteroatom-containing radicals of the type described above, for example heterocyclic ring systems with 1 to 3 heteroatoms, are included.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the subclass affected here, the subclass used according to the invention _Hy_dantoin derivatives have the substituting radicals R₅ and R₆- without taking into account any substituents that may be present on these residues - together no more than 12 carbon atoms. It can be particularly preferred that the sum of the carbon atoms in these radicals R₅ and R₆ does not make up more than 10, in particular not more than 8, carbon atoms. Especially for the corresponding ones_Hydantoin derivatives with no more than 4 carbon atoms in the sum of these residues R₅ and R₆ high cytostatic activity has been demonstrated. For example, 1,3-diglycidyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin in animal experiments at application concentrations of 100 mg / kg and 50 mg / kg is characterized by a considerably increased life expectancy compared to a control group of untreated test animals, which can make up to 220%.

In a further subgroup of the compounds of the general formula IV used according to the invention, the substituents R₅ and R₆ together with the carbon atom of the hydantoin ring which they substituted to form a cyclic ring system. This ring system can be saturated or unsaturated cyclic or heterocyclic in nature. This by R₅ and R₆ Ring system formed can be unsubstituted or in turn substituted.

In this case, in particular mononuclear substituents are preferred. Typical representatives are cycloaliphatic rings such as cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl and their descendants. Ring compounds with 0, N and / or S are also suitable here as heterocyclic radicals. These heterocycles can preferably 1, 2 or 3 such_Hcontain heterotatoms. If there are substituents on those with the participation of R₅ and R₆ ring systems formed, the information given above applies to the case of the substituents R.₅ and R₆in which they represent individual hydrocarbon residues.

As indicated at the outset, a further subgroup of the compounds of the general formula IV is characterized for the purpose according to the invention in that the radicals R₅ and R₆ together the rest R₇-<img file="EP0033503A2_D0020.tif" />-R₈ form. In this case the residues R₇ and R₈ the previously given meaning of R₅ and R₆. Accordingly, in the broadest version, they mean hydrogen and / or hydrocarbon radicals each having up to 12 carbon atoms, which in turn can also be substituted; or are they - together with the C atom substituted by them - closed together to form a ring system. In this embodiment of the invention, the meaning of the radicals R applies₇ and R₈ not only this broadest definition of the residues R_Sand R₆, all previously given special information on the meaning of these residues R₅ and R₆ are also valid for this subgroup with the residues R₇ and R₈.

The meanings given here for the radicals R_S and R₆ are not only valid for mononuclear diglycidylhydantoin compounds of the general formula IV, they apply accordingly to the case of the dinuclear diglycidylhydantoin compounds.

In this case, the two hydantoin rings, each of which is substituted with an N-glycidyl group, are linked to one another via their respective second N atom by the link X, which preferably denotes an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical. Is preferred for_X a hydrocarbon radical with a maximum of 8 carbon atoms and preferably with a maximum of 4 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred bridge members X are alkylene radicals of the type specified, which can be straight-chain or branched. Suitable substituents on the bridge member X are, for example, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups, acyloxy groups and the like.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity comprising compounds of the general formula V.<chemistry id="chem0016" num="0016"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0021.tif" /></chemistry>in which the residues R₅, R₆ and glycidyl have the following meanings:<ul id="ul0005" list-style="none"><li>R₅ and R₆: (1) same or different radicals from the group hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals each with up to 12 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted</li><li>(2) R₅ and R₆ are closed together to form a ring system</li><li>(3) R₅ and R₆ together form the rest<chemistry id="chem0017" num="0017"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0022.tif" /></chemistry> where R₇ and R₈ the meaning of R₅ and R₆ to have (1) or (2),</li><li>Glycidyl: a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0018" num="0018"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0023.tif" /></chemistry>in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where instead of one of these glycidyl radicals two rings of the general formula I can also be connected to one another by a link X and X here denotes a hydrocarbon radical which is optionally substituted.</li></ul>

Formally, this compound of formula V, which represents certain barbituric acid derivatives substituted with glycidyl residues, is structurally similar to the previously dealt with formula IV, ie correspondingly substituted hydantoin derivatives substituted with glycidyl residues. Accordingly, the in_Formelbild V provided substituents R₅ and R₆ have the same meaning as for these substituents R₅ and R₆ in the case of the substituted hydantoin derivatives of the formula IV are described in detail. The same applies to the meaning of the glycidyl radical. For the sake of brevity, reference is made to these statements. They also apply in full to the barbituric acid derivatives of the general formula V shown here.

The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, containing compounds of the general formula VI<chemistry id="chem0019" num="0019"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0024.tif" /></chemistry>in the case of a double bond in the 5/6 position, the radicals R₂ and R₄ omitted and the residues R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and glycidyl have the following meanings:<ul id="ul0006" list-style="none"><li>R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂: (1) same or different radicals from the group hydrogen, halogen and hydrocarbon radicals each with up to 12 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted</li><li>(2) at least two of the radicals R₉ to R₁₂ are closed together to form a ring system</li><li>(₃) at least one of the pairs R₉/ R₁₀^{or R}₁₁/ R₁₂ together form the rest<chemistry id="chem0020" num="0020"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0025.tif" /></chemistry>where R₁₃ and R₁₄ the meaning of R₉ and R₁₀^{or R}₁₁ and ^R₁₂ to have (1) or (2),</li><li>Glycidyl: a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0021" num="0021"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0026.tif" /></chemistry>in which -R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where instead of one of these glycidyl radicals two rings of the general formula VI can also be connected to one another by a link X and X here denotes a hydrocarbon radical which is optionally substituted.</li></ul>

It is thus proposed according to the invention to use mononuclear or dinuclear uracil or dihydrouracil compounds for the stated purpose, which are distinguished by the presence of two glycidyl radicals as substituents on the nitrogen atoms of the ring system (s).

Depending on the meaning of the R₉ to R₁₂ Different classes of uracil or dihydrouracil compounds can be distinguished from glycidyl in the compounds of the general formula VI:<ul id="ul0007" list-style="none"><li>If the ring contains two glycidyl residues, then mononuclear glycidyl compounds are present, which in turn depend on the importance of the R₉ to R₁₂ can be divided into different sub-groups.</li></ul>

In a first subgroup, R₉ to R₁₂ Hydrogen, halogen or any hydrocarbon radicals, where R₉ to R₁₂ may have the same or different meanings within the scope of this definition. If there are hydrocarbon residues, they each contain up to 12 carbon atoms. Basically, all halogens can be used. Chlorine, bromine and fluorine can be particularly suitable, which can be particularly important in the 5-position.

For the meaning of R₉ to R₁₂ the hydrocarbon residues have the structural and numerical values ​​specified above. Statements and limitations full and unrestricted validity as they are in connection with the explanations of R₅ and R₆ (Formulas IV and V) or to R₁ to R₄ (Formula II) have been made. For the sake of simplicity, reference is made to this. If there are spatially bulky substituents in the 5- and / or 6-position, one or at best two such substituents are preferred.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the subclass affected here, the subclass used according to the invention _URacil derivatives have the substituting radicals R₉ to R₁₂ including any substituents present on these residues - together no more than 12 carbon atoms. It can be particularly preferred that the sum of the carbon atoms in these radicals R₉ to R₁₂ does not make up more than 10, in particular not more than 8, carbon atoms. Especially also for corresponding uracil derivatives with no more than 4 carbon atoms in the sum of these radicals R.₉to R₁₂ high cytostatic activity has been demonstrated.

In a further subgroup of the compounds of the general formula VI used according to the invention, at least 2 of the substituents R₉ to R₁₂ together with the carbon atom (s) of the uracil ring which they substituted to form one (or more) cyclic ring system (s). Such ring systems can be saturated or unsaturated isocyclic or heterocyclic in nature. The ring systems can be unsubstituted or in turn substituted.

In this case, in particular mononuclear substituents are preferred. Typical representatives are cycloaliphatic rings such as cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl and their descendants. Ring compounds with O, N and / or S are also suitable here as heterocyclic radicals. These heterocycles can preferably contain 1, 2 or 3 such heteroatoms. If there are substituents on those with the participation of R₉, R₁₀, ^R₁₁ uⁿd /^{or R}₁₂ ring systems formed, the information given above applies to the case of the substituents of R.₉ to R₁₂in which they represent individual hydrocarbon residues.

As indicated above, a further subgroup of the compounds of the general formula VI is characterized for the purpose according to the invention in that - in the case of the dihydrouracil compounds - at least one of the pairs R₉/ R₁₀ and R₁₁/ R₁₂ together the rest<chemistry id="chem0022" num="0022"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0027.tif" /></chemistry>form. In this case the residues R₁₃ and R₁₄ the previously given meaning of R₉ to R₁₂. Compounds in which only one of the pairs R₉/ R₁₀ or R_11/R₁₂ such a remainder with R₁₃ and R₁₄ form.

The meanings given here for the radicals R to R₁₂ are not only valid for mononuclear diglycidyl compounds of the general formula VI, they apply accordingly to the case of the dinuclear diglycidyl compounds.

In this case, the two uracil or dihydrouracil rings, each of which is substituted with an N-glycidyl group, are linked to one another via their respective second N atom by the link X, which preferably denotes an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical. X is preferably a hydrocarbon radical with a maximum of 8 carbon atoms and preferably with a maximum of 4 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred bridge members X are alkylene radicals of the type specified, which can be straight-chain or branched. Suitable substituents on the bridge member X are, for example, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups, acyloxy groups and the like.

The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity comprising compounds of the general formula VII<chemistry id="chem0023" num="0023"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0028.tif" /></chemistry>in which A is an organic radical, which may also contain heteroatoms, m is a number from 2 to 4 and the substituted imide groups<chemistry id="chem0024" num="0024"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0029.tif" /></chemistry>each include imide rings with 4 to 10 ring members and the glycidyl radical being a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0025" num="0025"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0030.tif" /></chemistry> is in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

According to the invention, it is thus proposed in this embodiment to use polycarboximides with at least 2 cyclic imide groups and in each case one glycidyl radical on the nitrogen atom for the stated purpose. It has surprisingly been found that such compounds can have a remarkably high cytostatic activity. This shows N, N'-diglycidyl_-pyromellitic acid diimide (1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid diimide) with attached glycidyl residues shows remarkably high cytostatic activity even at very low concentrations. The T / C rates on the P 338 tumor are under standard test conditions (9 injections)<tables id="tabl0005" num="0005"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0031.tif" /></tables>

The polycarboximides described according to the invention and used as cytostatics contain at least 2 cyclic imide groups substituted with glycidyl radicals _I. specified type, but there may also be a larger number of such cyclic imide groups. Advantageously, there are no more than 4 such imide groups in the molecule, with compounds having 2 or 3 such imide groups being particularly preferred.

i With component A from general formula VII, the imide groups themselves form imide rings each with at least 4 ring members and preferably with not more than 10, in particular not more than 8, ring members. According to the invention, those compounds of the general formula VII in which these imide rings are of particular importance can have. Have 4 to 7 and in particular 5 or 6 ring members. In the compound of the general formula VII, the imide rings present therein can have the same number of rings or a different number of rings. It is therefore possible for two five-membered glycidyl-substituted imide rings to be present, but five-membered and six-membered imide rings, for example, may also be present in one compound. The members from component A of the compounds of general formula VII required for the respective imide ring closure can originate from different areas of component A, as is the case with the diglycidyl-pyromellitic acid diimide mentioned above, but it is also possible for A to have the same proportions the imide rings are each completed, as is the case, for example, in the case of N, N'-diglycidyl-1,1,2,2-ethanetetracarboxylic acid diimide. Also a mixture of both principles - ie one _TRapid overlap with respect to the elements of component A required for the respective imide ring closure is possible.

In general, component A of formula VII is an organic radical, which can also contain hetero atoms. Particularly suitable heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and / or sulfur, these heteroatoms being able to occur once or several times depending on the nature of the radical A.

The connection component A can be open-chain or ring-shaped. In the case of the open-chain structure, it can be a straight-chain or a branched structure - without prejudice to the fact that portions of such a straight-chain structure with the attached substituted carboximide groups form the rings shown above.

Both the open-chain and the ring-shaped components A can be saturated or unsaturated. Particularly suitable unsaturated radicals are mono- or poly-olefinically unsaturated constituents. In the case of the ring-shaped elements A, aromatic rings are also particularly suitable and may even be particularly preferred. Any mixed structures of the possibilities shown here are also possible, so that, for example, ring-shaped components are connected to open-chain ones, the glycidyl-substituted cyclic imide groups being able to attack any parts of this component A.

Component A is usually a hydrocarbon radical, which may optionally also contain heteroatoms, in particular N here. This radical A preferably contains up to 30 chain or. Ring links - for example CH₂-Groups of open-chain or ring-shaped saturated or CH groups of open-chain or ring-shaped unsaturated or aromatic building components. It may be advantageous to increasingly restrict this size of component A downwards, so that further preferred maximum ring link numbers are the following: 25, 20 or in particular also 10. The building component A is characterized by at least one link, it can be represented by two links and, in particularly preferred cases, contains up to 10 links. Any number in this range is possible with open-chain components A, while at least 4 ring members represent the lower limit for ring-shaped connections. Particularly preferred simple rings are those with 5 to 8, in particular 5 or 6, ring members. In the case of ring systems with multiple rings, these rings can be fused to one another or connected to one another via at least one common link, but they can also be present as isolated rings next to one another and only connected to one another by a chemical bond or by bridge links.

The radical A from the general formula VII represents the radical of polycarboxylic acids with at least 4 carboxyl groups and in particular with 4 to 8 carboxyl groups. Particularly preferred are radicals of such polycarboxylic acids with 4 or 6 carboxyl groups. These radicals can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic as well as olefinically unsaturated in nature, including the use of heteroatoms (single or multiple). In particular, heterocyclic radicals for A are also suitable.

The radical A can in turn be mono- or polysubstituted. Suitable substituents are, for example, halogen, hydroxyl, N-substituted amino, alkylmercapto, arylmercapto, alkoxy, aral^xöxy and acyloxy. For such optionally present substituents, the general rule within the scope of the invention is that these components should not be reactive at least at room temperature to the glycidyl residues present in the molecule, so that the compounds are stable in storage and can be administered as medicaments.

The molecular weight of the radical A is preferably not above about 1000. An upper limit for the molecular weight of this component A is particularly preferably approximately 750. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the molecular weights of the entire compound of the general formula VII are in each case upper limit values ​​mentioned at the beginning.

In the case of the open-chain construction, characteristic individual examples of the structure of the molecular component A from the formula VII are derived, for example, from polycarboxylic acids of the types 1,1,2,2, -ethantetracarboxylic acid or 1,2,3,4 butanetetracarboxylic acid. Including heteroatoms, polycarboxylic acid residues such as that of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are suitable.

For ring-shaped radicals A, reference is made to the aromatic polycarboxylic acids of the pyromellitic acid or naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid type. Another example is benzene hexacarboxylic acid, which in turn can form 3 imide groups. In the case of these ring-shaped compounds, the carboxyl groups on a ring or are present in a coherent ring system, but it is also possible to use the carboxylic acids which in turn are linked to one another with a further dicarboxylic acid, for example via an additional functional group of the type indicated above. Thus, by linking two molecules of trimellitic acid via the third carboxyl group, a tetracarboxylic acid can be obtained. The linkage can take place, for example, via the formation of ester or amide groups. By using more than 2 functional linking elements - for example by using triamines together with trimellitic acid imide, more than just 2 such polycarboxylic acid systems can also be combined.

What is stated here for the aromatic carboxylic acids applies mutatis mutandis to corresponding cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids or to those compounds in which hetero atoms_/especially 0 or N, take over the function of ring members.

In the ring-shaped building blocks A from the compounds of the general formula VII, the imide-forming carboxyl groups are preferably in the o- and / or in the m-position, so that a total of five-membered and / or six-membered imide rings are preferably formed. As already stated, the invention is not limited to this, four-membered imide rings are also possible, but also ... higher-membered ring numbers, for example those with 7 to 10 ring members, can be expedient.

Numerous polyimides or the carboxylic acids on which they are based, of the type on which the compounds of general formula VII are based, are known from the literature, for example, in addition to the pyromellitic acid diimide mentioned at the outset, the following compounds, which are already indicated here as glycidyl-substituted derivatives, are mentioned:<ul id="ul0008" list-style="none"><li>_N,_N^I-Diglycidyl-1,2,3,4-benzenetetracarboxylic acid diimide</li><li>N, N'-diglycidyl-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid diimide</li><li>N, N'-diglycidyl-2,3,4,5-pyridine tetracarboxylic acid diimide</li><li>_N,_N'-Diglycidyl-2,3,5,6-pyridine tetracarboxylic acid diimide</li><li>N, N^I-Diglycidyl-1,2,4,5-cyclohexane tetracarboxylic acid diimide</li><li>_N,_N^I-Diglycidyl-1,1,2,2-ethanetetracarboxylic acid diimide</li><li>N, N^I-Diglycidyl-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid triimide</li><li>N, N^I."N" triglycidyl benzene hexacarboxylic acid triimide</li><li>N, N'-diglycidyl-tetrahydrofuran tetracarboxylic acid diimide.</li></ul>

A further embodiment of the invention relates to pharmaceutical mixtures with cytostatic activity, containing compounds of the general formula VIII shown at the outset<chemistry id="chem0026" num="0026"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0032.tif" /></chemistry>

It is thus proposed according to the invention to use ring-shaped alkylene urea compounds which are substituted on their nitrogen atoms with glycidyl radicals for the stated purpose. It has been shown that there is a particularly effective class of substances here.

In the general formula VIII, U is a 2-membered alkylene radical, which can also be olefinically unsaturated. The radical preferably contains up to 5, in particular 2 to 4, chain links, with 2- or 3-membered hydrocarbon radicals being particularly preferred.

U can in turn contain substituents. Hydrocarbon radicals with preferably up to 12 carbon atoms, halogen, alkoxy, aroxy, acyl and acyloxy are particularly suitable here.

The definitions given for the compounds of the general formulas II to VII and to which reference is made for the sake of brevity apply analogously to the definition of these substituents, their structure and limitation.

It has been shown that, for example, diglycidyl-substituted ethylene urea is an extremely effective compound in the sense of the invention.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, containing triazine compounds of the general formula IX<chemistry id="chem0027" num="0027"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0033.tif" /></chemistry> in the R₁₅ Hydrogen or a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical - which can also contain heteroatoms - with up to 15 carbon atoms. The glycidyl radical corresponds to the general formula<chemistry id="chem0028" num="0028"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0034.tif" /></chemistry>wherein in this formula R is preferably hydrogen, but can also mean a lower alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The rest R₁₅ can be unsubstituted or substituted. _{I /}Possible hydrocarbon radicals are alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl and combinations of these radicals, for example alkaryl, aralkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and the like .

The rest R₁₅ is, according to the definition given above, hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical, which can also contain heteroatoms. N, O, S and / or P are particularly suitable as heteroatoms. Preferably un)_/this residue holds a total of no more than 12 carbon atoms and expediently no more than 8 carbon atoms. In particular, radicals can be of interest which contain up to 6 or preferably even only up to 4 carbon atoms, these numerical values ​​being to be understood independently of the particular structure and relating only to the sum of all carbon atoms in the radical concerned.

Means R₁₅ an aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl radical, mononuclear substituents are particularly preferred here. Typical representatives are phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, xylyl and related compounds. Mononuclear ring systems based on cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and their descendants are also preferred for the cycloaliphatic rings for the radical R. Corresponding heterocyclic radicals, in particular thus mononuclear ring compounds with 0, N and / or S in the system, fall within the scope of the invention. The ring systems can preferably contain 1, 2 or 3 such heteroatoms. These heterocyclic radicals preferably contain 5 or 6 ring members. If desired, all the ring-shaped substituents mentioned here, be they aromatic or cycloaliphatic in nature, may in turn have further substituents. Suitable substituents are, for example, halogen, hydroxyl or alkoxy.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the radical R is₁₅ an optionally substituted alkyl radical. This alkyl radical can be straight-chain or branched and saturated or unsaturated and contains - with the exclusion of its substituents - preferably not more than 10, in particular not more than 8, carbon atoms. In this embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compounds of the general formula IX in which the Rest R₁₅ unsubstituted alkyl having 1 'to 6 carbon atoms or a corresponding substituted alkyl radical. Halogen, alkoxy or cyano, for example, are suitable as substituents. However, the invention is not restricted to these specific substituents, other possible substituents are, for example, hydroxyl, amino, N-substituted amino, mercapto, alkylmercapto, arylmercapto, alkylsulfoxy, arylsulfoxy, aroxy and / or acyloxy, where the substituent can also be heterocyclic in nature. In this case, residues substituted in this way can be substituted one or more times with the groups mentioned, preferably 1 to 3 of the substituents mentioned are present on the respective R group.

Are on such a substituted radical R₁₅ substituting groups which in turn contain hydrocarbon radicals, these substituting groups preferably have no more than 10, advantageously no more than 8, carbon atoms.

The particularly preferred limit here is 6 carbon atoms, in particular not more than 4 carbon atoms. These substituting hydrocarbon radicals can in turn be aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl and / or alkyl radicals, which if desired also substituents such as halogen, hydroxyl,_Alkoxy and the like. Here too, heteroatom-containing residues of the type described above, for example heterocyclic ring systems with 1 to 3 heteroatoms of the type described above - in particular mononuclear rings with N, O and / or S as heteroatoms - are included. Corresponding 5- or 6-membered heterocycles are preferred.

Examples for the rest R₁₅- unless it means hydrogen are the following:<ul id="ul0009" list-style="none"><li>Methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, the corresponding isomeric radicals such as isopropyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, corresponding unsaturated, in particular olefinically unsaturated radicals such as vinyl, allyl, butenyl, phenyl, benzyl, xylyl, trimethylphenyl, Isopropylphenyl, naphthyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, the corresponding cycloaliphatic radicals substituted by 1 to 3 alkyl or alkenyl radicals, the alkyl or alkenyl substituents preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.</li></ul>

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity which contain, as active ingredient, N-glycidyl-substituted heterocycles which are derived from oxo-purine compounds. In this embodiment, the pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention are characterized in that they contain, as active ingredient with cytostatic activity, N-glycidyl-substituted 2-, 6- and / or 8-oxo-purine compounds which have at least 2 N-glycidyl groups adjacent to a CO Group. The glycidyl radical corresponds to the general formula<chemistry id="chem0029" num="0029"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0035.tif" /></chemistry>in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

As is well known, purine compounds are derived from the basic structure of two fused heterocyclic rings, which in an abstract form is represented by the general formula X<chemistry id="chem0030" num="0030"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0036.tif" /></chemistry>can be displayed. The purine compounds used according to the invention are oxo derivatives of the general basic structure X, in which there are at least 2 glycidyl radicals in N substitution and at least one oxo group. The N-glycidyl groups and the oxo group (s) are assigned to one another in such a way that the N-glycidyl group is adjacent to the oxo group -CO-.

The condition according to the invention is met by mono-oxo-purine compounds, di-oxo-purine compounds and tri-oxo-purine compounds of the general formula X.

In the mono-oxo-purine compounds, the oxo group is either in the 2-position or in the 8-position. In the first case, glycidyl groups attack at least on the N atoms in the 1- and 3-positions. In the second case, the corresponding glycidyl substitution is at least on the N atoms in the 7- and 9-positions.

In the case of the di-oxo-purines, the oxo groups can be in the 2,6-position, in the 2,8-position and in the 6,8-position. Here, too, the N-glycidyl groups are arranged so that they are adjacent to one and / or two oxo groups. In the case of 2,6-di-oxo-purine compounds, this means a glycidyl substitution in the 1,3-position. In the other possibilities of di-oxo substitution, the teaching according to the invention is made possible by several possible combinations in the N-glycidyl Substitution fulfilled. Finally, in the case of the trioxo-purine compounds, each ring N atom is adjacent to an oxo group, so that any glycidyl substitution options exist here.

The purine structure of the general formula X can be saturated or olefinically unsaturated. In the latter case, a double bond in the 4,5-position can be present, but in addition or instead, other double bonds can also be present in the 5-ring and / or in the 6-ring.

The positions of the heterocyclic purine structure not occupied by oxo groups and N-glycidyl substituents can be occupied by hydrogen, by hydrocarbon radicals and / or further substituents, for example halogen. If there are hydrocarbon residues, they preferably contain no more than 12 carbon atoms. However, it should be taken into account that these hydrocarbon residues can themselves be substituted, so that these substituents - the are explained below - further carbon atoms can be introduced into the rest concerned.

Such hydrocarbon radicals present as substituents preferably have no more than 8 carbon atoms. Residues which contain up to 6 or preferably even only up to 4 carbon atoms can be of particular interest. In addition to hydrogen, methyl and / or ethyl radicals can be of particular importance.

Straight-chain and / or branched alkyl and alkenyl radicals of the stated carbon number are suitable as hydrocarbon radicals. Aryl residues are also suitable. For a more detailed definition of these hydrocarbon radicals apply to this embodiment, the previously in connection with the explanation of the radicals R to R₄ (general formula II) given definitions. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, for example, such substituents have a total of no more than 12 carbon atoms, preferably no more than 10 carbon atoms, with again no more than 8 or also no more than 4 carbon atoms being of particular importance The term “optionally present hydrocarbon substituents” encompasses heterocyclic radicals which contain N, 0 and / or S as heteroatoms and preferably 1, 2nd or have 3 such heteroatoms. Halogen, hydroxyl, amino, N-substituted amino (in particular dialkylamino, in which the substituting alkyl radicals can also be closed to form a ring), mercapto, alkylmercapto, arylmercapto, alkoxy, aroxy and / or acyloxy come in as possible substituents on the hydrocarbon radicals Consider. Residues substituted in this way can be substituted one or more times in the groups mentioned. Preferably one to three of these substituents are present on such hydrocarbon radicals, and in a particularly preferred case correspondingly substituted alkyl radicals can be present.

A further possibility given in connection with this embodiment of the invention for such substituents at positions still free of the purine structure of the general formula X are trialkylsilyl radicals. In particular, within the scope of the teaching according to the invention are compounds in which - in addition to the groups with cytostatic activity in the sense of the definition according to the invention - one or two trialkylsilyl radicals are bonded to the heterocyclic purine radical. Suitable trialkylsilyl radicals are, in particular, corresponding radicals having lower alkyl groups, which are preferably in the range from C.₁ to C5, especially c₁ to C₃ lie. The trimethylsilyl radical can be of particular importance.

The following can be mentioned as starting compounds for the preparation of polyglycidyl compounds of the type concerned here which are to be used according to the invention: uric acid, alkyluric acids substituted in the 1-, 3-, 7- or 9-position, dialkyluric acids with substituents in 1,3-, 3,7- or 7,9-position, xanthine, xanthine compounds substituted in 7-, 8- and / or 9-position.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations with cytostatic activity, containing compounds of the general formula XI<chemistry id="chem0031" num="0031"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0037.tif" /></chemistry>in which at least two of the radicals R₁₆, R₁₇ and R₁₈ Glycidyl radicals and the optionally remaining radical is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical, which can also be substituted.

It is thus proposed according to the invention to use glycidyl-substituted urazoles for the stated purpose. There are two or three glycidyl residues in N substitution on the urazole ring. The glycidyl radical here is also a radical of the general formula<chemistry id="chem0032" num="0032"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0038.tif" /></chemistry>in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 _C.-Atoms and where R is preferably hydrogen.

If there are only two glycidyl residues on the urazole ring, _so can they be adjacent to the two as substituents_en N atoms are present, but it is also possible _that they occupy two N atoms, which are separated by a carbonyl group. The third remainder remaining in this case (R16, R₁₇ or R₁₈) is hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical. If there are hydrocarbon residues,_so they preferably contain up to 12 carbon atoms. However, it must be taken into account that these hydrocarbon residues can themselves be substituted._nen, so that further carbon atoms can be introduced into the rest concerned by these substituents - which are explained below. Such a hydrocarbon residue preferably contains no more than 8_C.-Atoms. Residues which contain up to 6 or preferably even only up to 4 carbon atoms can be of particular interest. Substituted hydrocarbon residues with 3 carbon atoms can be of particular importance. The same applies to substituted or unsubstituted radicals with 1 or 2 carbon atoms.

Straight-chain or branched alkyl and alkenyl residues of the specified carbon number are suitable as hydrocarbon residues. Aryl residues are also suitable. In the sense of the definition according to the invention, this group includes aromatic radicals in the narrower sense, which therefore consist exclusively of the radical of an aromatic ring system, and also substituents containing aromatic radicals of the type of alkaryl radicals or aralkyl radicals. If the third substituent which is optionally present is an aromatic hydrocarbon radical, 1-ring substituents are particularly preferred here. Typical representatives are phenyl, benzyl, molyl, xylyl and related compounds.

The hydrocarbon radical which may be present can furthermore mean a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical. It also applies here that this term includes substituents which have a corresponding cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl component, as has been explained above for the term aryl radicals. Even in the case of saturated or partially saturated ring-shaped substituents, the 1-ring systems based on cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and their derivatives are preferred. Heterocyclic radicals, in particular ring compounds with 0, N and / or S in preferably 5- or 6-membered. Ring systems fall within the scope of the invention. The ring systems can preferably contain 1, 2 or 3 such heteroatoms and in turn can be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon substituent which may be present has no more than 12 carbon atoms in the sum of all its carbon atoms, preferably no more than 10 carbon atoms. It is also preferred here that the sum of all carbon atoms does not contain more than 8, in particular not more than 6, carbon atoms.

If desired, all of the substituents mentioned here can themselves be substituted. Suitable substituents are in particular halogen, hydroxyl, ether radicals, in particular alkoxy radicals, ester radicals, nitrile groups or carbonamide groups. The following may be mentioned as starting compounds for the preparation of the glycidyl-substituted urazoles to be used according to the invention: urazole, 1- or 4-methylurazole and the analogous urazole compounds which are substituted with a butyl, an octyl or a phenyl radical, 4- (p -Chlorophenyl) urazole, 4- (p-methoxyphenyl) urazole, 4-benzyl urazole, 4 (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) urazole, ₁- or 4-p-tolyl-urazole and 4-furfuryl-urazole.

In an embodiment which is particularly preferred according to the invention, the three radicals R.₁₆, R₁₇ and R₁₈ the glycidyl residue.

The active compounds used according to the invention can be prepared in a manner known per se. It is generally achieved by introducing the glycidyl groups into the N substitution. For this purpose, the heterocyclic mononuclear or polynuclear molecule of the active substance concerned in each case is first produced in a manner known per se, but instead of the N-glycidyl group there is initially an —NH group. Finally, this hydrogen is replaced on the nitrogen by the glycidyl group.

There are two basic options for this final reaction step. One is the direct introduction of the glycidyl grouping by reaction of the NH grouping with epihalohydrins, especially epichlorohydrin or epibromohydrin. The other way completes the molecular structure in two reaction steps. The corresponding allyl-substituted precursors are first formed, whereupon the allyl group is epoxidized in a final process step.

There is extensive literature on the implementation of -NH groups with epihalohydrins. The reaction can be carried out in the presence of a small amount of a quaternary ammonium compound as a catalyst (cf., for example, Houben-Weyl, "Methods of Organic Chemistry" Volume 14/2 (1963), 497, 547). The reaction of allyl halides with NH groups of the type concerned here is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,376,301.

The epoxidation of a primarily formed allyl group can be carried out in a manner known per se with peracid. ) The epoxidation of ALlyl isocyanuates with peracids is e.g. B. in Houben-Weyl loc. Cit., Volume 6/3, 385 ff.

For example, it can be carried out in the presence of a small amount of a quaternary ammonium compound as a catalyst.

The reactions of the precursors formed with epihalohydrins or allyl halides are advantageously carried out in the temperature range from about 50 to 150 ° C., preferably from about 7₀ to about 125⁰ C. Allyl halide or epihalohydrin is used in a molar ratio of at least 2: 1 to the -NH-CO compound used, but it is also possible to work with a considerable excess, for example up to a molar ratio of 10: 1. Working with molar ratios in The range from -2 to 4 moles of allyl halide or epihalohydrin per mole of -NHCO starting compound can be particularly expedient. The preferred_ALlyl halides or epihalohydrins contain chlorine or optionally bromine as halogen.

The reaction can be carried out in polar, in particular aprotic, solvents which partially dissolve at least one of the reactants and are not reactive towards the reactants. A particularly useful solvent is the class of dialkylformamides, especially the lower dialkylformamides such as dimethylformamide. The preferred reaction time is 1 to 10 hours, especially 2 to 5 hours.

The epoxidation of the allyl groups by means of peracids is also preferably carried out in solvents. Polar solvents, for example halogenated hydrocarbons or alcohols, are also suitable here. The suitable reaction temperature is usually in the range from 0 to 50⁰ C, especially between about 10 and 30⁰ C. The peracid is expediently used in an approximately equivalent amount or only in a slight excess.

m-Chloroperbenzoic acid is readily available as a commercial product and is suitable for carrying out the reaction. The reaction time is usually in the range of 24 hours or more, for example up to 48 hours.

Information on the preparation of compounds of general formula II have already been made in connection with their description. Reference is again made to the_DE-OS 23 00 010 and NL-OS 73 00 191.

The compounds of the general formula III to be used according to the invention can be prepared, for example, in the following way, although other routes are in principle also feasible: as described in DE-OS 19 32 306, the dicyclic glycoluril starting compounds substituted in the desired manner are added _Epihalohydrins reacted with alkali with elimination of hydrogen halide.

The hydantoin derivatives of the formula IV on which the compounds used according to the invention are based with the substituents R₅ and R₆ in 5-position are mostly known compounds. The 1,3-diglycidyl derivatives can be prepared from them in various ways in a manner known per se. Production in one of the following two ways can be particularly preferred:<ul id="ul0010" list-style="none"><li>1. Reaction of the 1,3-unsubstituted hydantoins or hydantoin derivatives with a halohydrin compound, in particular epichlorohydrin or epibromohydrin, with the elimination of hydrogen halide with alkalis. Details of this type of process are described in DE-OS 19 12 281 using the example of 5,5-dimethylhydantoin.</li><li>₂. _Epoxidation of the N-allyl-substituted hydantoins or _Hydantoin derivatives. These acyl-substituted hydantoin starting compounds are in turn, for example, by reaction of 1,3-unsubstituted hydantoins or_Hydantoin derivatives can be prepared with allyl halide. Such a production process is described in its principles, for example in DE-OS 21 32 988, but not for hydantoin compounds, but for the case of triglycidyl isocyanurate.</li></ul>

For the relevant literature, reference is made to E._H. Catsiff. RE. Coulehan et. al. At the. Chem. Soc. Div. of Org. Coat. and Plast. Chem. Pap. 39 (1978) pp. 139-145 and to DE-OS 21 25 355 and 27 27 266 and US Pat. No. 4,125,516.

The information given here for mononuclear hydantoind derivatives for the preparation also applies analogously to the production of the dinuclear hydantoin compounds of the general formula IV.

The manufacturing instructions for obtaining the barbituric acid compounds of the general formula V used according to the invention can be used analogously.

The medicaments according to the invention can contain individually defined compounds according to the invention and in particular of the formulas II to X given, but it has been shown that mixtures of active compounds of several compounds in particular are highly effective cytostatics. In the context of the invention, it can furthermore be expedient to use individual, specific or a mixture of several compounds of the definitions according to the invention in admixture with the TGI compounds in accordance with the earlier patents mentioned. Combination therapy in conjunction with other cytostatics such as derivatives of nitrogen mustard or fluorouracil is also possible.

In general, it applies to the compounds of the general formulas used in the context of the invention that the residues or substituents which may be present in addition to the glycidyl groups should show or should show no or no substantial reactivity with the epoxy groups of the glycidyl substituents, at least under normal conditions. In this way it is ensured that the active ingredients used according to the invention are sufficiently stable in storage and that no undesired reaction takes place while the epoxy groups are destroyed.

The glycidyl-substituted heterocyclic compounds used according to the invention usually occur in various stereoisomeric forms. Basically, all of these different forms are suitable for the purposes of the invention. They can be used in a mixture or in the form of certain isolated isomers.

For use as cancerostatic agents, the active substances should be applied using a suitable vehicle. The usual auxiliaries and excipients for pharmacological preparations are suitable here. The use of aqueous systems, if appropriate with compatible glycol ethers such as glycol monoethyl ether or butylene glycol methyl ether or propylene glycol methyl ether, has frequently proven useful here, in particular if the active ingredient is to be administered parenterally. In the case of oral administration, the pharmaceutically customary auxiliaries or carriers can be used, provided that they have a corresponding compatibility with the glycidyl compounds.

In animal experiments, the use of freshly prepared aqueous solutions which are given ip has proven to be expedient.

The compounds used according to the invention are active against various forms of leukemia and malignant neoplasms such as lung carcinoma, colon carcinoma, melanoma, _Ependymoblastoma and Sarcome. In some cases, a clear superiority over known and on the market cytostatic drugs could be determined.

The polyglycidyl-substituted heterocycles described according to the invention are usually present in the pharmaceutical mixtures according to the invention in concentrations of up to about 10 percent by weight, based on the pharmaceutical mixture. The range from 0.05 to 10 percent by weight is particularly suitable, in particular a range from 0.05 to 5 percent by weight.

The following examples describe both the preparation and the use in the context of animal experiments for characteristic compounds of the definition according to the invention. The percentages relate to percentages by weight, unless otherwise specified in individual cases.

example 1

N, N'-digylcidyl benzimidazolone

5 g of benzimidazolone are refluxed with 200 g of epichlorohydrin with the addition of 50 mg of tetraethylammonium bromide for 4 hours. The cooled solution is filtered with 40 g of Na₂S0₄ and 3 g of powdered NaOH were added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. It is filtered off and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. A brown mass remains, which crystallizes after some time. Recrystallization from methanol gives 5 g of crystalline compound, mp 102 ° C., epoxy content 13.7% (theory 14.2%). The mass spectrum supports the structure given.

Example 2

Production was carried out analogously to Example 1<tables id="tabl0006" num="0006"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0039.tif" /></tables><tables id="tabl0007" num="0007"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0040.tif" /></tables>

Example 3

The following experiments were carried out according to test instructions from the National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland 200014, published in Cancer Chemotherapy Reports "Part. 3, September 1972, Vol. 3, No. 2. The active substance used was 1,3-diglycidyl-benzimidazolone of the above Example 1. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (page 91, c.), The tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The untreated animals had an average survival of 9.9 days.

The active ingredient is applied. The active ingredient is administered in 9th doses in different test series once at 200 mg / kg, in another at 100 mg / kg and in a third test series at 50 mg / kg. In both cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the control group of the untreated animals is achieved. The average lifespan of the test group with the administration of 200 mg / kg is 20 days, the extension rate T / C is therefore 202%. In the test group with the dose of 100 mg / kg, the average life expectancy of the test animals is 18 days, T / C 181%. The 50 mg / kg dose group had an average life expectancy of 15.3 days, T / C 154%.

The results were confirmed in a repeat experiment.

Other benzimidazolone derivatives were tested in the same way. The values ​​obtained are summarized in Table 1 below.<tables id="tabl0008" num="0008"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0041.tif" /></tables>

Example 4

Diglycidyl-butylglycoluril

10th g of dry N-butylglycoluril (0.05 mol) are mixed with 0.1 g of tetraethylammonium bromide and 200 g of epichlorohydrin in an autoclave at 140 for 4 hours⁰ C. heated. After cooling, the filtered solution is allowed to boil invensively at reflux at 45 to 50 ° C. and reduced pressure (water jet vacuum) and 8 g of 50% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are added dropwise. The water is continuously removed by distillation. The sodium chloride formed is filtered off and the epichlorohydrin is distilled off. After careful removal of high-boiling components in vacuo (0.1 torr), the product should not be heated to more than 80 ° C., 9.6 g of diglycidyl-butylglycoluril are obtained in the form of a light yellow resin; Epoxy content 10.1%, theory 10.3%. The mass spectrum supports the specified structure.

Example 5

3,6 diglycidyl-1,4-dimethylglycoluril

) From 30 g of 1,4-dimethylglycoluril, 0.4 g of tetraethylammonium bromide and 350 g of epichlorohydrin, 28.6 g of 50% sodium hydroxide solution, 34.8 g of 3,6-diglycidyl-1,4-dimethylglycoluril are obtained by the above process light yellow resin which does not crystallize. Epoxy content: 11.0%, theory: 11.4%. The mass spectrum supports the specified structure.

Example 6

The following experiments were carried out according to the _TEst regulations of Example 3. Diglycidyl-butylglycoluril from Example 4 above was used as active substance in a first test series. Substance x was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (page 91.c.), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was diagnosed ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The untreated animals had a mean (survival of 9.8 days.

The active ingredient is applied. The active ingredient is administered in 9 doses in different test series, once each at 200 mg / kg, as well as at 100 mg / kg, and in a third test series at 50 mg / kg each. In all cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the control group of the untreated animals is achieved. The average lifespan of the test group with the administration of 200 mg / kg is 27 days, the extension rate T / C is thus 272%. In the test group with the dose of 100 mg / kg, the average life expectancy of the test animals is 19.3 days,_{T / C} 194%. In a test group of 6 female mice, one test animal survived the test period of 30 days when administered 200 mg / kg per single dose. The test group with 50 mg / kg per single dose survived 16.3 days T / C 164%.

To test the mixture of active substances according to Example 5, test animals are provided with the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) in the same way as before. Here, too, 9 individual doses of the active substance mixture according to the invention are then administered in doses of 200 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg and 50 mg / kg.

The mean life expectancy of the untreated control animals is 9.5. The extension rate T / C is 190% at 200 mg / kg. If the same mixture of active substances is administered in an amount of 100 mg / kg per single dose, the mean survival of the test animals is 15.8 days. The T / C ratio is 157%. When the active ingredient mixture is administered in a single dose of 50 mg / kg, the T / C ratio is 134%.

Example 7

Preparation of N, N'-diglycidyl furfurylidene hydantoin

6 g furfurylidene hydantoin H. Wheeler, Ch. Hoffmann Am. Chem. J. 45, 371-80 (1911), (0.034 mol) were refluxed with 125 g epichlorohydrin (1.35 mol) with the addition of 2%, based on the hydantoin, tetraethylammonium bromide as catalyst for 4-5 hours. After cooling to 40-50 ° C., 5.4 g of 50% NaOH (0.068 mol) were added, water being continuously drawn off by azeotropic distillation under reduced pressure. After stirring for one hour at 40 ° C., the NaCl was suctioned off and the epichlorohydrin was distilled off. The residue was taken up cold in isopropanol, suction filtered and dried. The gray crystals obtained (65% of theory) had an mp of 132 ° C.<tables id="tabl0009" num="0009"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0042.tif" /></tables>

Example 8

The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure of Example 7.<tables id="tabl0010" num="0010"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0043.tif" /></tables><tables id="tabl0011" num="0011"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0044.tif" /></tables>Preparation of 1,1'-methylene-bis- (5,5-dimethylhydantoin) according to DE-OS 19 12 291.

Example 9

The following experiments were carried out according to the test instructions of Example 3. 1,3-diglycidyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin from Example 8 above was used as the active substance. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (page 91.c.), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was diagnosed ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The untreated animals had an average survival of 10 days.

The active ingredient is administered in 9 doses in different test series once at 100 mg / kg and in another test series at 50 mg / kg. In both cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the control group of the untreated animals is achieved. The average lifespan of the test group with the administration of 100 mg / kg each is 22 days, the extension rate T / C is therefore 222%. In the test group with the dose of 50 mg / kg, the average life expectancy of the test animals is 15.7 days, T / C 158%. The results were confirmed in a repeat experiment. Here the numerical values ​​were even somewhat higher.

Other diglycidylhydantoin compounds are tested in the same way. The results obtained. are summarized in Table 2 below.<tables id="tabl0012" num="0012"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0045.tif" /></tables>

Example 10

1,3-diglycidyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid<tables id="tabl0013" num="0013"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0046.tif" /></tables>

are heated to reflux with stirring for 4 hours (120 ° C). The barbituric acid dissolves after 20 '. The mixture is then cooled to about 40 to 50 ° C. and 8.0 g (0.2 mol) of NaOH as a 50% solution are added dropwise within 20 '. At the same time, the water is continuously removed by distillation in vacuo. It is 1.5 h at approx. 45 °_C. stirred. After the table salt has been suctioned off, the mixture is concentrated in a Rotavapor and dried under a high vacuum.<tables id="tabl0014" num="0014"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0047.tif" /></tables>

The mass spectrum supports the structure.

Example 11

1,3-diglycidyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid

Out<tables id="tabl0015" num="0015"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0048.tif" /></tables>

The above compound was prepared from the starting materials listed above in analogy to Example 10.<tables id="tabl0016" num="0016"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0049.tif" /></tables>

The mass spectrum supports the structure.

Example 12

The following experiments were carried out according to the test instructions of Example 3. 1,3-diglycidyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid from Example 10 above was used as the active substance. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was set ip with 10 cells / mouse according to protocol 1200 (page 91.c.). The untreated animals had an average survival of 10.4 days.

The active ingredient is applied. The active ingredient is administered in 9 doses in different test series once at 100 mg / kg and in another test series at 50 mg / kg. In both cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the control group of the untreated animals is achieved. The average lifespan of the test group with the administration of 100 mg / kg is 22 days, the extension rate T / C is therefore 211%. In the test group with the dose of 50 mg / kg, the average life expectancy of the test animals is 15.3 days, T / C 147%.

Additional test results - as recorded in the following Table 3 - are determined in further consumption series.<tables id="tabl0017" num="0017"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0050.tif" /></tables>

Example 13

Preparation of N, N'-diglycidyluracil

11.2 g (0.1 mol) of uracil, .736 g (8 mol) of epichlorohydrin and 0.35 g of tetraethylammonium bromide were heated to reflux for 4 hours. Here, the uracil dissolved after about 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to 45 to 50 ° C. and brought to the boil intensively in vacuo (15 torr). 8 g of sodium hydroxide as a 50% strength aqueous solution were added dropwise within 20 minutes. The water was continuously removed by azeotropic distillation. After stirring for 2 hours at approx. The resulting sodium chloride was suctioned off at 40 ° C. and epichlorohydrin was distilled off. The light yellow syrup obtained was dried under high vacuum.

21.5 g of a yellow viscous oil remained.

Epoxy content: 13.4% (theory 14.2%)

The mass spectrum and the IR spectrum support the structure.

Example 14

The following were prepared from the corresponding starting materials in a manner analogous to that given above:<ul id="ul0011" list-style="none"><li>a) N, N'-Diglycidyl-6-methyluracil Yield: 75%, white crystals mp 95 ° C epoxy oxygen 12.9% (theory 13.4%)</li><li>b) N, N'-diglycidyl-5-methyuracil mp 87-89 ° C epoxy oxygen 12.82% (theory 13.43%)</li><li>c) N, N'-Diglycidyl-5-bromuracil mp 76 to 79 ° C epoxy oxygen 10.01% (theory 10.56%)</li><li>d) N, N'-diglycidyl-5-ioduracil pale yellow syrup epoxy oxygen 8.66% (theory 9.14%)</li><li>e) N, N'-diglycidyl-5-fluorouracil pale yellow syrup, epoxy oxygen 12.39% (theory 13.21%)</li><li>f) N, N-diglycidyl-1,1'-methylene-bis-uracil not crystalline EpO: 8.1% (theory: 9.2%)</li></ul>

The 1,1'-methylene-bis-uracil is prepared in accordance with DE-OS 19 12 291.

Example 15

The following experiments were carried out according to the test instructions of Example 3. 1,3-Diglycidyl-uracil from Example 13 above was used as active substance. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (page 91.c.), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was diagnosed ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The untreated animals had an average survival of 10.4 days.

The active ingredient is applied. The active substance is administered in 9 doses in different test series once at 200 mg / kg and in another test series at 100 mg / kg. In both cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the control group of the untreated animals is achieved. The average lifespan of the test group with the administration of 200 mg / kg is 24 days, the extension rate T / C is thus 230%. In the test group with the dose of 100 mg / kg, the average life expectancy of the test animals is 16.0 days, T / C 153%. The results were confirmed in a repeat experiment. Here the numerical values ​​T / C were 198% and 152%.

Further test results with uracil compounds are summarized in Table 4 below.<tables id="tabl0018" num="0018"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0051.tif" /></tables>

Example 16

The production of N, N^I-Diglycidylbenzene tetracarboxylic acid (1,2,4,5,) diimide was carried out according to FR-PS 15 59 450 in the manner described in detail below.

108 g of pyromellitic diimide, 925 g of epichlorohydrin and 1 g of benzyltrimethylammonium chloride were placed in a 2 1 three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser. The mixture was refluxed with stirring for 3 hours. 500 g of epichlorohydrin were then distilled off and the solution was cooled to 2 ° C. The precipitated crystals were filtered off and washed twice with a little ethanol and dried. A further crystallizate was obtained by concentrating the mother liquor to about 150 cc and adding 300 cc of ethanol. The total yield was 118 g of N, N'-diglycidylbenzene tetracarboxylic acid (1,2,4,5) diimide.

A single recrystallization from a mixture of equal parts of epichlorohydrin and ethanol gave a product which had a melting point of 215 to 217 ° C. The epoxy oxygen content was 7.8% (Grennlee method).

Example 17

The following experiments were carried out according to the test instructions of Example 3. The N, N'-diglycidylbenzene tetracarboxylic acid (1,2,4,5) diimide from Example 16 was used as active substance. The substance was considered 1%₅Solution for injection in ethylene glycol monomethyl ether freshly prepared immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (page 91.c.), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was diagnosed ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The mean survival of the animals not treated with the active ingredient according to the invention was determined.

The active ingredient is applied to another group of experimental animals. The active substance is administered in nine doses in different test series once at 12.5 mg / kg and in another test series at 6.25 mg / kg. In all cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the control group of the untreated animals is achieved. The extension rate T / C is 200% for the administration of 12.5 mg / kg and 156% for the administration of 6.25 mg / kg.

Example 18

a) Representation of Diglycidylethylenharnstcff

16.8 g (0.2 mol) of ethylene urea, 184 g (2.0 mol) _Epichlorohydrin and 0.2 g triethylamine are boiled under reflux for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 100 g of 4 Å molecular sieve are added to the reaction mixture and 16 g (0.4 mol) of NaOH in 20 ml of H are added dropwise within 30 minutes₂0 dissolved with vigorous stirring.

Then 1.5 hours at 45^O C stirred, then molecular sieve and NaCl suction filtered and the solution concentrated on a Rotavapor.

Weight: 21.0 g

5 g of this substance are separated on a silica gel 60 column 70 cm long and 4 cm in diameter. Solvent CH₂Cl₂ : CH₃0H 8: 2. 30 fractions of 25 ml are taken. These are examined by thin layer chromatography. The fractions with an RF value of 0.85 in the above-mentioned solvent are isolated.

Weight: 1.5 g

The epoxy content is: 15.9% (th. 16.6%). IR and mass spectrum support the structure.

b) N, N'-diglycidyl-4-phenyl-3H-imidazol-2-one

The starting compound was prepared according to Hans Rupe, Chem. Ber. 27,582 (1894).

The diglycidyl compound was prepared in<tables id="tabl0019" num="0019"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0052.tif" /></tables>4th h with stirring at reflux temperature and then cooled.

Powdered with 0.8 g (0.02 mol) of NaOH was added at room temperature and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 1.5 h.

After suction and concentration, fractionation was carried out on a 40 cm silica gel column.

Solvent CH₂C1₂: Ethyl acetate: CH₃0H - 3: 2: 1. The fraction with an RF value of 0.62 in the same eluent was isolated.

Weight: 1.8 g colorless syrup

% EpO: 11.48 (Th.11.76)

Mass spectrum and NMR spectrum confirmed the structure.

c) N, N'-Dlglycidyl-3H-imidazol-2-one

<chemistry id="chem0033" num="0033"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0053.tif" /></chemistry>

The starting substance was presented according to GE Hilbert, JACS 54 3419 (1932).

This was implemented analogously to the diglycidyl compound.<tables id="tabl0020" num="0020"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0054.tif" /></tables>

Mass and NMR spectra confirmed the structure. Example 19

With the isolated active substance of Example 18 a) the following experiments were carried out according to the test instructions of Example 3. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (p. 91 c), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The mean survival of the untreated animals is determined.

In further test groups, the active ingredient is applied to the treated animals. In different test series, individual doses (9 injections each) of 200 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, 50 mg / kg and 25 mg / kg were administered. In all cases, a significant extension of the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the mean survival of the animals not treated with the active ingredient is achieved. The extension rate T / C depending on the dosage of the active ingredient is summarized in the following table:

<tables id="tabl0021" num="0021"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0055.tif" /></tables>

Example 20

Preparation of 2,4-diglycidyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dione

The mixture of 10 g (88.5 m mol) 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-triazine-3,5-dione 0.4 g tetramethylammonium bromide and 242 g (1.77 mol) epibromohydrin was at 100 for 2 hours ° C stirred. After cooling, powdered NaOH (8.24 g) (206 mmol) was added, the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 1 hour, the solid was filtered off and the excess epibromohydrin was distilled off in an oil pump vacuum. The distillation residue (45 g) was stirred 5 times with 150 ml of toluene, the toluene was distilled off under reduced pressure and the residue (20 g) was column chromatographed on silica gel (Merck) with methylene chloride / methanol (100: 3). The fractions containing the substance with the highest R_F-Value were combined and, after evaporation of the solvent and drying for several days in a vacuum cabinet at room temperature, gave: 2.85 g (14% of theory) 2,4-diglycidyl-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro- 1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dione as a viscous oil. Elemental analysis and mass spectrum confirm the structure.<tables id="tabl0022" num="0022"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0056.tif" /></tables>

Example 21

Preparation of 2,4-diglycidyl-6-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dione

This compound was prepared analogously to Example 20. The slightly yellowish oil has a refractive index n²⁰ : 1.5514 and

<tables id="tabl0023" num="0023"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0057.tif" /></tables>

Example 22

The following tests are carried out on the isolated active substance of Example 20 in accordance with the test instructions of Example 3. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (p. 91 c), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The mean survival of the untreated animals is determined.

In further test groups, the active ingredient is applied to the treated animals. In different test series, single doses of injections of 100 mg / kg and 50 mg / kg are administered. In all cases, a significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the mean survival of the animals not treated with the active ingredient is achieved. The extension rate T / C depending on the dosage of the active ingredient is as follows:<tables id="tabl0024" num="0024"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0058.tif" /></tables>

Example 23

1,3,7-triglycidyl xanthine

To a suspension of 3.0 g (19.7 mmol) of xanthine in 75 ml of diglyme (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether) was added 24.9 g (59 mmol) of a 40% solution of Triton B (benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide) with stirring. After 10 minutes, 40.0 g of 292 mmol of epibromohydrin were added dropwise to the solution obtained, the solution was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes and then at 40 ° C. for 3 hours, and the precipitate formed (benzyltrimethylammonium bromide) was filtered off with suction. Methanol and most of the diglyme were distilled off under reduced pressure (at the end oil pump vacuum) (bottom temperature 40⁰ C). The evaporation residue was taken up in methylene chloride, suction filtered from the precipitate and the filtrate was again evaporated at a bottom temperature of 40 ° C. under reduced pressure. The process was repeated several times until a clear methylene chloride solution of the evaporation residue was obtained. For further purification, the dissolved crude product was purified by column chromatography (SC) on silica gel with a particle size of 0.063 to 0.200 mm (Merck). Methanol / methylene chloride (70:30) was used as the eluent. The first 5 fractions of approximately 80 to 100 ml were combined using TLC control (silica gel TLC ready-to-use plates, Merck), the solvent was distilled off, the residue (3.0 g) was dissolved in methylene chloride and treated with activated carbon. The evaporation residue after drying under reduced pressure and trituration with a little ether gave 1.2 g (19% of theory) of 1,3,7-triglycidyl xanthine with a melting point of 100 to 105 ° C. By washing with cold acetone, this can be increased to 10 ° to 111 ° C.

<tables id="tabl0025" num="0025"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0059.tif" /></tables>

Example 24

N, N'-Diglycidyl-N '' - (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -N '' 'trimethylsilyluric acid

The mixture of 40 g (87 mmol) 1,3,7,9-tetrakistrimethylsilyluric acid (Chem. Ber. 93, 2813 (1960)), 0.5 g tetramethylammonium bromide and 350 g epibromohydrin

was heated to 60 ° C. with stirring for 6.5 hours. After 5 hours, 0.5 g of tetramethylammonium bromide was added. After distilling off the excess epibromohydrin under reduced pressure, taking up the residue in methylene chloride, washing the solution with water and distilling off the methylene chloride, 93.7 g of residue were obtained, which by SC in

2nd Portions of silica gel was cleaned (eluent methylene chloride / acetone in 70:30). Uniform fractions with pure reaction product were combined using TLC control (silica gel plates, Merck and methylene chloride / methanol 100/7), and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue (20.6 g) was dissolved in ether, the ethereal solution treated with activated carbon and evaporated to dryness. 15.3 g (41% of theory) of N, N-diglycidyl-N "- (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -N" "trimethylsilyluric acid were obtained as a colorless, resinous substance.

<tables id="tabl0026" num="0026"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0060.tif" /></tables>

The H-NMR spectrum supports the structure.

Example 25

With the isolated active substance of Example 23 (1,3,7-triglycidyl xanthiri), the T / C quotients on the P 338 / tumor are determined in the manner described in Example 3 under standard test conditions (9 injections). The determined values ​​are:

<tables id="tabl0027" num="0027"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0061.tif" /></tables>

Example 26

15.2 (0.15 mol) of urazole were heated under reflux for 3 hours with 0.4 g of tetramethylammonium bromide and 0.5 g of benzalkon A (mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides) in 4 l6 g (4.5 mol) of epichlorohydrin. After cooling, the solution was mixed with 28.8 g (0.72 mol) of powdered sodium hydroxide and stirred at 45 ° C for 6 hours. The precipitate was then filtered off with suction, the solution was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40 ° C., the residue was dissolved in a little methylene chloride and column chromatographed on silica gel (Merck) (eluent), methylene chloride / methanol (95: 5).

The individual fractions were pooled after TLC control. The second collection fraction (substance with the second highest R_FValues) gave, after evaporation, 1.5 g of 1,2,4-triglycidylurazole, which melted unchanged at 93 ° to 94 ° C. after recrystallization from ethyl acetate.<tables id="tabl0028" num="0028"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0062.tif" /></tables>

Elemental analysis and mass spectrum support the structure.

Example 27

1.53 g (0.01 mol) of 4-phenylurazole (preparation according to Org. Syntheses Vol. 51, p. 121 (1971), 0.08 g of benzalkon A, 0.08 g of tetraethylammonium bromide and 50 g of epichlorohydrin are 4.5 Hours at 60 ° C. After cooling to room temperature and adding 20 g of 4 Å molecular sieve, 0.88 g (0.024 mol) of NaOH in 1 ml of H₂0 added dropwise and stirred at 45 ° C for 1.5 hours, then suction filtered and concentrated in vacuo at 40 ° C.<tables id="tabl0029" num="0029"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0063.tif" /></tables>

The crude reaction product is separated by column chromatography.

Column height: 40 cm, diameter: 4 cm. Filler: silica gel 60 (Merck) Mobile phase: methylene chloride: ethyl acetate: methanol ₃: 2: 1. The zone with the R_FValue of 0.65 is isolated. 1.85 g of 1,2-diglycidyl-4-phenylurazole are obtained % EpO: 11.9 (theory 12.1)

The mass, IR and NMR spectra support the structure.

Example 28

The active substances of Examples 26 and 27 are evaluated according to the test instructions of Example 3. The substance was freshly prepared as an aqueous 1% solution for injection immediately before application.

In mice, according to protocol 1200 (p. 91c), the tumor type P 388 (leukemia) was diagnosed ip with 10⁶ Cells / mouse set. The mean survival of the untreated animals is determined.

In further test groups, the active ingredient is applied in accordance with pretreated animals.

A significant increase in the lifespan of the treated test animals compared to the mean survival of the animals not treated with the active ingredient is achieved. The extension rate T / C depending on the dosage of the active ingredient is summarized in the following table:<tables id="tabl0030" num="0030"><img file="EP0033503A2_D0064.tif" /></tables>