Preamble based uplink power control for lte

“METHOD FOR GENERATING A POWER CONTROL PREAMBLE, WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICE THAT ENABLES THE USE

OF POWER CONTROL PREAMBLES; METHOD FOR ASSESSING POWER CONTROL PREAMBLES FOR EMPLOYMENT WITH POWER CONTROL; WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICE

ENABLES THE PRODUCTION OF POWER CONTROLS AND LEGIBLE MEMORY BY COMPUTER ”

Field of Invention [0001] The description below refers in general to wireless communications and, more specifically, to the control of uplink power levels (UL, Uplink) used by access terminals in a wireless communication system based on Long Term Evolution (LTE).

Description of the Prior Art [0002]

Wireless communication systems are widely used to provide various types of communication, for example, voice and / or data can be provided through such wireless communication systems. A typical wireless communication system, or network, can give multiple users access to one or more shared resources (such as bandwidth, transmission power, ...). For example, a system can use a variety of multiple multiple access techniques, such as Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Code Division Multiplexing (CDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) and others. In addition, the system can conform to specifications such as

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2/73 as the third generation partner project (3GPP), Long Term Evolution (LTE) 3GPP, etc.

[0003] Generally, multiple wireless access communication systems can simultaneously support communication to multiple access terminals. Each access terminal communicates with one or more base stations through transmissions on the forward and reverse links. The direct link (or down link) refers to the communication link from the base stations to the terminals, and the reverse link (or up link) refers to the communication link from the terminals to the base stations. This communication link can be established through a single input and single output system (SISO), multiple inputs and single output (MISO), single output and multiple outputs (SIMO) or multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO ).

[0004] Wireless communication systems often use one or more base stations and sectors in them that provide a coverage area. A typical sector can transmit several data streams for broadcast (multicast), multicast and / or unicast (unicast) services, in which a data stream can be a data stream that may be of interest to independent reception to an access terminal. An access terminal within the coverage area of ​​such sector can be used to receive one, more than one or all data streams carried by the composite stream. Likewise, an access terminal can transmit data to the base station or to another access terminal. With many access terminals transmitting signal data in close proximity, the

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3/73 power control is important to produce sufficient signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) at different data rates and transmission bandwidths for communications over the uplink. It is desirable to keep the overhead incurred in transmitting the power settings to these access terminals as low as possible while achieving the objectives mentioned above. The reduction in overhead in support of power control settings makes it difficult to guarantee an adequate reception security level in all situations and, most notably, in situations with prolonged periods of UL data inactivity.

Summary of the Invention [0005] The following is a simplified summary of one or more modalities in order to obtain a basic understanding of such modalities. This summary is not an extensive panoramic view of all the modalities contemplated and is neither intended to identify key or critical elements of all modalities nor to outline the scope of any or all modalities. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more modalities in a simplified form as an introduction to the more detailed description that is presented below.

[0006] According to one or more modalities and the corresponding disclosure of them, several aspects are described in connection with facilitating the use of power control preambles with aperiodic closed-loop power control techniques in a wireless communication environment . An uplink grant

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4/73 can be transferred over a downlink (for example, a first uplink grant after inactivity on the uplink), and a power control preamble can be sent over an uplink in response to the link grant ascending. According to an example, the transmission of the power control preamble can be explicitly programmed and / or implicitly programmed. The power control preamble can be transmitted at a power level determined by an access terminal that uses an open loop power control mechanism. A base station can analyze the power control preamble and generate a power control command based on it to correct the power level used by the access terminal. The access terminal can then use the power control command to adjust the power level for uplink data transmission.

[0007] According to related aspects, a method is described here that facilitates the generation of a power control preamble for use in a wireless communication environment. The method may include receiving an uplink lease from a base station, the uplink lease being a first uplink lease after the uplink is down. In addition, the method may comprise transmitting a power control preamble to the base station with a power configuration based on open loop power control. In addition, the method may include receiving a

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5/73 base station power, the power control command by adjusting the power setting. The method may also include transmitting data to the base station with the adjusted power setting.

[0008] Another aspect concerns a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may include a memory that holds instructions related to obtaining an uplink lease from a base station, the uplink grant being a first uplink grant after uplink inactivity, determining a level of control for transmission of the power control preamble based on an open loop evaluation, send a power control preamble to the base station at the power level, receive a power control command from the base station, change the power level based on the power control command, and send an uplink data transmission to the base station at a power level that has changed according to the command power control. In addition, the wireless communication device may include a processor, coupled to the memory, configured to execute the instructions held in the memory.

[0009] Yet another aspect refers to a wireless communication device that enables the use of power control preambles in a wireless communication environment. The wireless communication apparatus may include means for obtaining an uplink lease, the uplink grant being a first uplink grant subsequent to the uplink inactivity. In addition, the

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6/73 Wireless communication may include means for transferring an uplink power control preamble to a selected power level as a function of an open loop power control estimate. Furthermore, the wireless communication device may comprise means for obtaining a power control command that changes the power level. In addition, the wireless communication apparatus may include means for transmitting uplink data at the changed power level.

[0010] Yet another aspect refers to a machine-readable medium having machine executable instructions stored therein, to obtain an uplink lease, the uplink lease being a first uplink lease after the uplink inactivity; transferring a power control preamble to a selected power level as a function of an open-loop power control estimate; obtain a power control command that changes the power level; and transmit uplink data at the changed power level.

[0011] According to another aspect, an apparatus in a wireless communication system may include a processor, in which the processor may be configured to obtain an uplink lease from a base station, the uplink lease being a first uplink concession subsequent to inactivity on the uplink. In addition, the processor can be configured to determine a power level for transmission of the power control preamble based on an open loop evaluation. The processor can

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7/73 also be configured to send a power control preamble to the base station at the power level. In addition, the processor can be configured to receive a power control command from the base station. The processor can also be configured to change the power level based on the power control command. In addition, the processor can be configured to send an uplink data transmission to the base station at the changed power level.

[0012] According to other aspects, a method is described here that facilitates the evaluation of power control preambles for use with power control in a wireless communication environment. The method may include transmitting an uplink lease to an access terminal. The method may also include receiving a power control preamble sent from the access terminal at a fixed power level based on open loop power control. Furthermore, the method may comprise generating a power control command based on an analysis of the power control preamble, the power control command correcting the power level of the access terminal. The method may also include transmitting the power control command to the access terminal. In addition, the method may include receiving an uplink data transmission sent from the access terminal at the corrected power level.

[0013] Yet another aspect refers to a flexible element communication device that can include a memory that retains instructions related to

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8/73 transfer an uplink concession, obtain a power control preamble sent via an uplink at a power level determined by an open loop power control mechanism, producing a power control command that corrects the power level based on an assessment of the power control preamble, send the power control command via a downlink, and obtaining an uplink data transmission sent at the corrected power level. In addition, the wireless communication device may include a processor, coupled to the memory, configured to execute the instructions held in the memory.

[0014] Yet another aspect refers to a wireless communication device that enables the production of power control commands based on power control preambles for use by access terminals in a wireless communication environment. The wireless communication apparatus may include means for sending an uplink lease over a downlink. Furthermore, the wireless communication apparatus may include means for obtaining a power control preamble sent at a power level determined from an open-loop estimate. The wireless communication device may also comprise means for sending a power control command that corrects the power level. In addition, the wireless communication apparatus may include means for obtaining an uplink data transmission at the corrected power level.

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9/73 [0015] Yet another aspect concerns a machine-readable medium having machine-executable instructions stored therein to send an uplink lease over a downlink; obtain a power control preamble sent at a power level determined from an open-loop estimate; send a power control command that corrects the power level; and obtaining an uplink data transmission at the corrected power level.

[0016] According to another aspect, an apparatus in a wireless communication system may include a processor, in which the processor may be configured to transmit an uplink lease to an access terminal. The method can also be configured to receive a power control preamble sent from the access terminal at a fixed power level based on open loop power control. In addition, the processor can be configured to generate a power control command based on an analysis of the power control preamble, the power control command correcting the power level of the access terminal. In addition, the processor can be configured to transmit the power control command to the access terminal. In addition, the processor can be configured to receive an uplink data transmission sent from the access terminal at the corrected power level.

[0017] In order to achieve the foregoing and related purposes, the modality or modalities comprise the characteristics to follow completely

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10/73 described and specifically indicated in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings present in detail certain illustrative aspects of the modality or modalities. These aspects, however, indicate only some of the different ways in which the principles of different modalities can be used, and the modalities described are intended to include all aspects such and their equivalents.

Brief Description of the Figures [0018] Figure 1 - shows a wireless communication system according to several aspects presented here.

[0019] Figure 2 - shows an exemplary system that controls the power level (s) used by the access terminal (s) in a wireless communication environment based on LTE.

[0020] Figure 3 - shows an exemplary system that periodically corrects the uplink power level used by an access terminal.

[0021] Figure 4 - shows an exemplary system that periodically transfers power control commands to access terminals in a wireless communication environment based on LTE.

[0022] Figure 5 - shows an exemplary system that uses preamble-based power control in a wireless communication environment based on LTE.

[0023] Figure 6 - shows an exemplary system that groups access terminals to send power control commands through a downlink.

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11/73 [0024] Figure 7 - shows exemplary transmission structures for communicating power control commands to groups of access terminals.

[0025] Figure 8 - shows an exemplary timing diagram for a periodic uplink power control procedure for LTE.

[0026] Figure 9 - shows an exemplary timing diagram for an aperiodic uplink power control procedure for LTE.

[0027] Figure 10 - shows an exemplary timing diagram for an LTE uplink power control procedure that leverages a power control preamble.

[0028] Figure 11 - shows an exemplary methodology that facilitates the generation of a power control preamble for use with power control in a wireless communication environment based on Long Term Evolution (LTE).

[0029] Figure 12 - shows an exemplary methodology that facilitates the evaluation of power control preambles for use with power control in a wireless communication environment based on Long Term Evolution (LTE).

[0030] Figure 13 - shows an exemplary access terminal that facilitates the use of power control preamps with power control in a wireless communication system based on LTE.

[0031] Figure 14 - shows an exemplary system that facilitates the analysis of preambles for control of

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12/73 power for use with power control in an LTE-based wireless communication system.

[0032] Figure 15 - shows an exemplary wireless network environment that can be used in conjunction with the various systems and methods described here.

[0033] Figure 16 - shows an exemplary system that enables the production of power control commands based on power control preambles for use by access terminals in a wireless communication environment.

[0034] Figure 17 - shows an exemplary system that enables the use of power control preambles in a wireless communication environment.

Detailed Description of the Invention [0035] Several modalities are now described with reference to the drawings, in which the same reference numbers are used to refer to the same elements everywhere. In the following description, for the purpose of explanation, numerous specific details are presented in order to obtain a complete understanding of one or more modalities. It may be evident, however, that such mode (s) can be put into practice without these specific details. In other cases, structures and devices notoriously known in the form of a block diagram in order to facilitate the description of one or more modalities.

[0036] As used in this application, the terms component, module, system and the like are intended to refer to an entity related to computer, or hardware, firmware, a combination of

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13/73 hardware and software, software or software running. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process that runs on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a flow of execution, a program and / or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application that runs on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and / or flow of execution, and a component can be located on a computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed in a variety of media that can be read by a computer and have different data structures stored in them. Components can communicate via local and / or remote processes, for example, according to a signal that has one or more data packets (such as, for example, data from a component that interacts with another component in a local system, distributed system and / or over a network, such as the Internet, with other systems through the signal).

[0037] In addition, several modalities are described here in connection with an access terminal. An access terminal can also be called a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or device user (UE). An access terminal can be a cell phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a local wireless circuit station (WLL),

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14/73 a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable device with wireless capability, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem. In addition, several modalities are described here in connection with a base station. A base station can be used to communicate with a terminal or access terminals and can also be referred to as an access point, Node B, eNode B (eNB) or some other terminology.

[0038] In addition, several aspects or features described here can be implemented as a method, device or article of manufacture using programming techniques and / or standard engineering. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any device, carrier or computer-readable medium. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (such as hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips, etc.), optical discs (such as compact disk (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (such as, for example, EPROM, card, stick, key activation, etc.). In addition, the various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing and / or carrying instruction (s) and / or data.

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15/73 [0039] Referring now to Figure 1, a wireless communication system 100 is shown according to the various modalities presented here. System 100 comprises a base station 102 which can include several groups of antennas. For example, one group of antennas may include antennas 104 and 106, another group may comprise antennas 108 and 110 and an additional group may include antennas 112 and 114. Two antennas are shown for each antenna group; however, more or less antennas can be used for each group. Base station 102 may also include a chain of transmitters and a chain of receivers, each of which may in turn comprise a series of components associated with the transmission and reception of signals (such as, for example, processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators) , demultiplexers, antennas, etc.), as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0040] The corresponding sector of base station 102 can communicate with one or more access terminals, such as access terminal 116 and access terminal 122; however, it should be understood that the base station 102 can communicate with substantially any number of access terminals similar to access terminals 116 and 122. Access terminals 116 and 122 can be, for example, cell phones, smart phones, laptops, portable communication devices, radio radios, global positioning systems, PDAs and / or any other device suitable for communication via the wireless communication system 100. As shown, access terminal 116 is in communication with

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16/73 the antennas 112 and 114, where the antennas 112 and 114 transmit information to the access terminal 116 through a direct link 118 and receive information from the access terminal 116 through a reverse link 120. As shown, access terminal 122 is in communication with antennas 104 and 106, where antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to access terminal 122 via a direct link 124 and receive information from access terminal 122 through a reverse link 126. In a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, forward link 118 may use a different frequency band than that used by reverse link 120, and forward link 124 may use a different frequency band than that used by reverse link 126, for example. example. In addition, in a time division duplex (TDD) system, forward link 118 and reverse link 120 may use a common frequency band, and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 may use a common frequency band.

[0041] Each group of antennas and / or the area in which they are designated to communicate can be referred to as a sector of base station 102, or as an eNB cell. For example, groups of antennas can be designed to communicate with access terminals in a sector of the areas covered by base station 102. In communication through direct links 118 and 124, the transmission antennas of base station 102 can use beam conformation in order to improve the signal / noise ratio of direct links 118 and 124 to access terminals 116 and 122. In addition , while base station 102 uses beam forming to transmit to

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17/73 access terminals 116 and 122 scattered randomly through a similar cover, the access terminals in neighboring cells may be subject to less interference compared to that suffered by a base station that transmits through a single antenna to all its terminals access.

[0042] System 100 can be a system based on Long Term Evolution (LTE), for example. In such a system 100, the corresponding sectors of the base station 102 can control the uplink power levels used by the access terminals 112 and 122. Therefore, system 100 can provide uplink power (UL) control that provides compensation for loss of path and shading (loss of path and shading can change slowly over time) and compensation for variable interference in the time of adjacent cells (as, for example, since system 100 can be an LTE-based system that uses frequency reuse 1). Furthermore, system 100 can attenuate large variations in the reception power obtained at base station 102 by users (since users can be multiplexed within a common band). In addition, system 100 can compensate for multipath fade variations at sufficiently low speeds. For example, the channel coherence time for 3 km / h at different carrier frequencies can be as follows: a carrier frequency of 900 MHz can have a coherence time of 400 msec, a carrier frequency of 2 GHz can have a coherence time of 180 msec, and a carrier frequency of 3 GHz can have a

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18/73 120 msec coherence time. Thus, depending on the latency and frequency of adjustments, the effects of rapid fading can be corrected with low Doppler frequencies.

[0043] System 100 can use uplink power control that combines open loop and closed loop power control mechanisms. According to an example, open loop power control can be used by each access terminal 116, 122 to set the power levels of a first preamble to a Random Access Channel (RACH) communication. For the first preamble of a RACH, each access terminal 116, 122 may have obtained downlink communication (s) (DL - Downlink) from base station 102, and the open loop mechanism can enable each access terminal 116, 122 to select an uplink transmit power level that is inversely proportional to a receive power level related to the obtained downlink communication (s). Thus, downlink knowledge can be used by access terminals 116, 122 for uplink transmissions. The open-loop mechanism can provide rapid adaptation to marked changes in radio conditions (for example, depending on the filtering of the receiving power) through instantaneous power adjustments. In addition, the open-loop mechanism can continue to function beyond RACH processing in contrast to conventional techniques often used. The closed loop mechanism can be used by the 100 system since the

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19/73 random access procedure has been successful. For example, closed loop techniques can be used when periodic uplink resources have been allocated to access terminals 116, 122 (such as periodic uplink resources can be Physical Uplink Control Channel resources (PUCCH) or Reference Sound Signal (SRS)). Furthermore, the corresponding sectors at base station 102 (and / or in a network) can control the uplink transmission power used by access terminals 116, 122 based on closed loop control.

[0044] The closed loop mechanism used by the 100 system can be periodic, aperiodic or a combination of the two. Periodic closed loop corrections can be transmitted by the corresponding sectors at base station 102 to access terminals 116, 122 periodically (such as, once every 0.5 msec, 1 msec, 2 msec, 4 msec, .. .). For example, the frequency may depend on the frequency of uplink transmissions. In addition, periodic corrections can be single-bit corrections (such as, for example, increasing / decreasing, ± 1 dB, ...) and / or multi-bit corrections (such as, for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, ...). Thus, the power control step and the frequency of corrections can determine the maximum uplink power rate that the corresponding sectors in base station 102 (and / or in the network) can control. According to another example, periodic corrections can be sent from the corresponding sectors at base station 102 to the corresponding access terminals 116, 122, as

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20/73 required. After this example, these corrections can be transmitted periodically when triggered by a network measurement (such as, for example, the receiving power (RX) outside an established range, an opportunity to send control information to a given access terminal, ...). Furthermore, aperiodic corrections can be single bit and / or multiple bits (as, for example, corrections can be multiple bits since a significant part of the overhead associated with aperiodic corrections can refer to programming corrections and not the size of the corrections). According to yet another example, aperiodic corrections can be transmitted by the corresponding sector at base station 102 to access terminals 116, 122 in addition to periodic corrections in order to minimize the overhead incurred with the transmission of these power settings.

[0045] Now with reference to Figure 2, a system 200 is shown that controls the power level (s) used by the access terminal (s) in a wireless communication environment based on LTE. System 200 includes a sector at a base station 202 that can communicate with substantially any number of access terminals (not shown). In addition, the sector at base station 202 may include a received power monitor 204 that evaluates the power level (s) associated with the signal (s) obtained from the terminal (s) ) access. In addition, the sector at base station 202 may comprise an uplink power adjuster (UL) 206, which uses the power level (s)

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21/73 analyzed in order to generate command (s) to change the power levels of the access terminals.

[0046] Several physical channels (PHY) 208 can be activated for communication between the base station 202 and the access terminal (s), these physical channels 208 can include physical downlink channels and physical uplink channels. Examples of physical downlink channels include Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Shared Physical Downlink Channel (PDSCH) and Common Power Control Channel (CPCCH). The PDCCH is a layer I / layer 2 (LI / L2) DL control channel (which allocates PHY layer resources for DL ​​or UL transmission) that has a capacity of about 30-60 bits and is protected by redundancy checking cyclic (CRC). The PDCCH can carry uplink leases and downlink allocations. PDSCH is a DL shared data channel; PDSCH can be a DL data channel shared between different users. The CPCCH is transmitted in the DL for UL power control of several access terminals. The corrections sent in the CPCCH can be single-bit or multi-bit. In addition, the CPCCH can be a specific instantiation of the PDCH. Examples of physical uplink channels include Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Shared Physical Uplink Channel (PUSCH), Audible Reference Signal (SRS) and Random Access Channel (RACH). The PUCCH includes the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) channel, the ACK channel and UL requests. PUSCH is a UL shared data channel. The SRS can be devoid of information and can allow you to make

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22/73 sound the channel in the UL in order to provide the sampling of the channel through part of the total bandwidth of the system. It should be understood that the object claimed is not limited to these exemplary physical channels 208.

[0047] The received power monitor 204 and the power adjuster UL 206 can provide closed-loop power control for uplink transmissions made by access terminals. Operation in the LTE system can cause transmissions at a given time through bandwidths that can be significantly less than the total bandwidth of the system 200. Each access terminal can transmit over a small portion of the entire system bandwidth 200 at a given time. In addition, frequency hopping can be used by the access terminals; thus, the corresponding sector at base station 202 may encounter difficulties when trying to assess adjustments to be made to the uplink power levels of the access terminals. Therefore, a suitable closed-loop power control mechanism provided by the received power monitor 204 and the UL 206 power adjuster constructs an estimate of the broadband reception power of transmissions possibly over several instants and possibly across multiple PHY UL channels. , allowing adequate correction of the effects of loss of path and shading regardless of the transmission bandwidth of the access terminal (s) at any time.

[0048] The received power monitor 204 constructs the bandwidth receiving power estimate

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23/73 broad based on channel sampling based on transmissions from the access terminal (s) in several ways. For example, the received power monitor 204 can use PUSCH for sampling. Following this example, the PUSCH transmission band is located in a given partition. A frequency diversity schedule can apply a pseudo-random hop pattern to the transmission band at the boundaries between partitions and possibly through retransmissions, in order to fully explore the frequency diversity. PUSCH broadcasts that exploit frequency selective programming will not apply a frequency hopping pattern to the transmission data and therefore may require a long time to sample the channel at all (or most) frequencies. Furthermore, frequency selective programming can trigger the transmission of an SRS or PUCCH. Frequency selective programming is a programming strategy that explores channel selectivity, for example, frequency selective programming tries to confine transmissions to the best sub-bands. This programming strategy may be relevant for low mobility access terminals. In addition, these transmissions are usually exclusive of frequency hopping techniques. Frequency diversity programming is a distinct programming strategy that uses the entire system bandwidth (such as, for example, minimum transmission bandwidth capacity module, ...) to naturally obtain frequency diversity. Transmissions associated with programming with frequency diversity may be

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24/73 associated with frequency jumps. In addition, frequency hops can include changing the transmission frequency of a waveform in a pseudo-random manner for frequency diversity from the point of view of a channel as well as interference.

[0049] According to another example, the received power monitor 204 can use the PUCCH to sample the UL channel and, therefore, construct the broadband reception power estimate. The PUCCH transmission band can be located on a given partition with boundary jumps between partitions at each transmission time interval (TTI). A busy band may depend on whether or not PUSCH is transmitted in a specific TTI. When PUSCH is transmitted via a given TTI, the control information that would be transmitted via PUCCH can be transmitted in the band with the rest of the data transmission (for example, in order to retain the unique carrier property of the UL wave) through PUSCH. When the PUSCH is not transmitted through a specific TTI, the PUCCH can be transmitted through a localized band set aside for PUCCH transmission at the edges of the system band.

[0050] According to another illustration, the SRS transmissions can be used by the received power monitor 204 to sample the channel and construct the broadband reception power estimate. The transmission bandwidth (over time) of the SRS can be substantially equal to the entire system bandwidth (or the minimum transmission bandwidth capacity of the access terminal (s)). To a given SC-FDMA symbol (for

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25/73 example, a SC-FDMA symbol is a minimum transmission unit in the UL of the LTE), the transmission can be located (for example, covering a set of consecutive subcarriers that jump over time) or distributed (such as, for example, example, covering the entire band of the system or a part of it, which may or may not jump, ...). The received power monitor 204 constructs the broadband reception power estimate from the sampling of the channel across the entire bandwidth of the system. When there is no UL data, PUCCH transmissions occur at the edges of the system band. When there is UL data, a PUCCH transmission can be located in the band with the data transmission via PUSCH. In addition, PUSCH transmissions may not change the transmission frequency or may not jump at all to explore selective programming at UL frequency; however, to enable selective frequency programming, SRS transmissions can be triggered for FDD / TDD systems. Furthermore, when PUSCH uses programming with frequency diversity, the frequency jump is applied to transmissions.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the channel sampling performed by the received power monitor 204, the UL 206 power adjuster can generate a command that can change the UL power level used by a specific access terminal. The control can be a single-bit correction (such as, for example, plus / minus, ± 1 dB, ...) and / or a multi-bit correction (such as, for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB , ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, ...). In addition, the UL 206 power adjuster (and / or the sector on the base station

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26/73 corresponding 202) can transmit the command generated to the access terminal for which the command is intended.

[0053] In addition, the access terminals can each be associated with a specific state at a given time. Examples of access terminal states include LTE_OCIOSO, LTE_ATIVO and LTE_ATIVO_CPC. However, it should be understood that the object claimed is not limited to these illustrative states.

[0054] LTE_OCIOSO is an access terminal state in which the access terminal does not have a unique cell ID. While in the LTE_OCIOSO state, the access terminal may lack a connection to base station 202. In addition, the transition to the LTE_ATIVO state from LTE_OCIOSO can be carried out using the RACH.

[0055] LTE_OCIOSO is an access terminal state in which the access terminal has a unique cell ID. In addition, when in the LTE_ATIVO state, the access terminal can actively transfer data through the uplink and / or downlink. Access terminals in this state have dedicated UL resources (such as, for example, CQI, SRS, which are transmitted periodically, ...). According to an example, access terminals in the LTE_ATIVO state can use discontinuous transmission / discontinuous reception (DTX / DRX) procedures with a cycle that is not expected to be much longer than approximately 20 msec or 40 msec. Access terminals in this state start transmitting PUSCH either directly, in response to activity in the DL (such as, possibly, with a UL grant in the band with DL data or via the PDCCH) or by sending a request

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27/73 of UL through. In addition, users in this state can be access terminals with an active exchange of UL / DL data that occurs or access terminals that run a high Quality of Service (GoS) application (such as Voice over Internet Protocol ( VoIP), ...).

[0056] LTE_ATIVO_CPC (Continuous Pack Connectivity) is a sub-state of LTE_ATIVO in which the access terminals retain their unique cell ID, but in which the dedicated UL resources have been released. The use of LTE_ATIVO_CPC allows the extension of battery life. Access terminals in this sub-state begin transmissions either in response to activity in the DL (as, for example, possibly with an UL grant in the band with DL data or through the PDCCH, ...) or by sending a request for UL through RACH. The initial transmission power can be based either on an open loop mechanism (such as, for example, response to activity in the DL) or on the last successful preamble (for example, RACH).

[0057] With reference to Figure 3, an exemplary system 300 is shown that periodically corrects the uplink power level used by an access terminal. System 300 includes base station 202, which communicates with an access terminal 302 (and / or any number of distinct access terminals (not shown).

<td>terminal</td><td>in</td><td colspan="2">access</td><td> 302</td><td>comprises</td><td>a manager</td><td>in</td>

<td>power</td><td>UL</td><td> 304,</td><td>what</td><td colspan="2">also includes</td><td>a starter</td><td>in</td>

<td>power</td><td>UL</td><td> 306.</td><td>Beyond</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">more, the access terminal</td><td> 302</td>

includes a UL 308 periodic transmitter. Base station 202 also includes the received power monitor 204 and the

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28/73 UL 206 power adjuster; the received power monitor 204 also comprises a periodic corrector 310.

[0058] The periodic corrector 310 generates periodic power control commands (such as, for example, periodic transmission power control commands (TPC), periodic corrections, ...) to be transferred to the access terminal 302. In addition, periodic broker 310 can transmit periodic power control commands to access terminal 302 (and / or to any distinct access terminal (s)) at any periodicity (such as, for example, 0, 5 msec, 1 msec, 2 msec, 4 msec, ...), however, the possibility is considered that the UL 206 power adjuster and / or base station 202 transmit such periodic power control commands. In addition, the periodic corrector 310 can produce a single bit correction (such as, for example, plus / minus, ± 1 dB, ...) and / or a multiple bit correction (such as, for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, ...). For example, if periodic corrections are sent from periodic corrector 310 at a higher frequency, then single-bit corrections are more likely to be used, and vice versa.

[0059] The UL 394 power manager controls the uplink power level used by access terminal 302 for uplink transmissions. The UL 304 power manager can receive periodic power control commands from base station 202 and change the uplink power level used for transmission based on the obtained commands. According to another illustration, the power initiator

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29/73

UL 306 can establish an initial uplink transmission power. The UL 306 power initiator can use an open loop mechanism to determine the initial uplink transmission power based on activity on the downlink, for example. In addition or alternatively, the UL 306 power initiator can assign the initial uplink power level to a power level associated with a previous successful preamble (such as, immediately preceding, ...) (for example , RACH).

[0060] The periodic transmitter UL 308 can send periodic transmissions to base station 202 via the uplink. For example, the UL 308 periodic transmitter can operate while access terminal 302 is in the LTE_ACTIVE state. Furthermore, the periodic transmissions transferred by the UL 308 periodic transmitter can be a set of SRS transmissions, however, it should be understood that the object claimed is not thus limited, since any type of uplink transmission can be used ( such as periodic CQI transmissions, periodic PUCCH transmissions, ...). Thus, the UL 308 periodic transmitter can send SRS transmissions over the uplink in order to sound the channel across the entire bandwidth of the system, since the SRS transmissions can be beeps, therefore, at the same time that enables selective uplink frequency programming, the audible signal can be used to compute closed loop corrections for UL power control. Broadcasts

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30/73 sent by the UL 308 periodic transmitter can be received and / or used by the received power monitor 204 from base station 202 in connection with channel sampling. Furthermore, the UL 206 power adjuster and / or the periodic corrector 310 can generate commands that correspond to such sampling.

<td></td><td colspan="2"> [0061]</td><td>According</td><td>with one</td><td colspan="2">illustration,</td><td>The</td>

<td colspan="2">Frequency</td><td>of</td><td>transmissions</td><td>UL sent</td><td>fur</td><td colspan="2">transmitter</td>

<td>periodical</td><td>UL</td><td> 308</td><td>from the terminal</td><td>access</td><td> 302</td><td colspan="2">Can be</td>

<td>connected</td><td>with</td><td>O</td><td colspan="2">transmission cycle</td><td colspan="2">TPC commands</td><td>DL</td>

<td>used</td><td colspan="5">by the periodic broker 310 for the</td><td>terminal</td><td>in</td>

<td colspan="2">access 302;</td><td colspan="2">therefore, to</td><td>terminals</td><td>in</td><td>access</td><td>with</td>

<td colspan="2">Frequency</td><td>in</td><td>streaming</td><td colspan="2">Different UL</td><td>can</td><td>to be</td>

TPC DL commands were sent with different transmission cycles. In addition, the frequency of UL transmissions can be correlated with the number of bits allocated for power adjustments in the access terminals produced by the periodic broker 310 used for a specific access terminal (such as, for example, access terminal 302, ...). For example, a mapping can be predetermined between the number of bits allocated for uplink power control correction and a uplink periodic transmission rate (such as SRS transmission rate, PUCCH transmission rate, ...). Following this example, a 200 Hz uplink periodic transmission rate can be mapped to a 1 bit, a 100 Hz rate can be mapped to 1 bit, a 50 Hz rate can be mapped to 2 bits, a 25 Hz rate can be mapped to 2 bits and a 0 Hz rate can be mapped to x&gt; 2 bits. According to

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31/73 example mentioned above, the number of bits allocated for power adjustments in the access terminal becomes greater as the periodic uplink transmission rate decreases. At the limit for a periodic uplink transmission rate of 0 Hz (as, for example, no transmission from SRS, PUCCH, ...), the power setting can be x&gt; 2 bits, which may be the case for open-loop transmissions with closed-loop adjustments on a base when needed.

[0062] The periodic broker 310 can send corrections on a periodic basis to substantially all users in the LTE_ATIVO state associated with base station 202. According to an example, the users to whom the periodic broker 310 sends commands can be grouped based on , for example, on GoS requirements, DRX / DTX cycle and offset, and so on. The transmission of power control commands to the user group can be done by the periodic broker 310 in a specific instantiation of the PDCCH, which can be denoted as CPCCH or TPC-PDCCH. According to another illustration, the periodic broker 310 can use signaling within the range for a group of users, in which the group size can be greater than or equal to 1. The overhead associated with periodic correction can be based on the number of bits the correction requires and the related control (if any) required to transmit the information to the relevant access terminals.

[0063] For the transfer of transmission power control (TPC) commands through the PDCCH by the periodic corrector 310, a load can be used

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32/73 useful 32 bits and a bit CRC. For example, single-bit TPC commands in a msec interval for a PDCCH instant can be used. Thus, 320 users in the LTE_ATIVO state can be supported at 100 Hz using a single PDCCH in each TTI, assuming that the FDD is used. Therefore, single-bit corrections can be obtained every 10 msec, which can provide 100 dB corrections. According to another example, 16 two-bit TPC commands can be used in a 1 msec interval. Thus, 320 users in the LTE_ATIVO state can be supported at 50 Hz using a single PDCCH in each TTI, assuming that the FDD is used. Therefore, two-bit corrections every 20 msec provide 100 dB corrections.

[0064] Now with reference to Figure 4, a system 400 is shown that periodically transfers power control commands to access terminals in a wireless communication environment based on LTE. System 400 includes base station 202, which communicates with access terminal 302 (and / or any number of different access terminals (not shown). The base station 202 includes the received power monitor 204 and the power adjuster UL 206, which also comprises an aperiodic corrector 402. In addition, the access terminal 302 includes a power manager UL 304, which also includes a receiver of aperiodic 404 commands.

[0065] Aperiodic corrector 402 can generate a power control command oriented to access terminal 302 on a basis as needed. For example, aperiodic broker 402 can transmit aperiodically

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33/73 when triggered by a measurement (such as, for example, the measurement of a recognized condition using data from the received power monitor 204, such as, for example, the received power being outside an established range, ...) . Aperiodic broker 402 can determine that the uplink power level of access terminal 302 deviates from a target at a specific time; thus, aperiodic corrector 402 can send a command to adjust this power level in response. In addition, aperiodic corrector 402 can produce a single bit correction (such as, for plus / minus, ± 1 dB, ...) and / or a multiple bit correction (such as, for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, ...).

[0066] The receiver of aperiodic commands 404 can obtain corrections sent by aperiodic corrector 402 (and / or the power adjuster UL 206 and / or the corresponding sector at base station 202 in general). For example, the aperiodic command receiver 404 can decipher that a specific correction sent by the corresponding sector at base station 202 is destined for access terminal 302. Furthermore, based on the corrections obtained, the aperiodic command receiver 404 and / or the UL 304 power manager can change the uplink power level used by the access terminal 302.

[0067] Aperiodic corrections of the uplink power levels used by the access terminal 302 and produced by the aperiodic corrector 402 can be based on activation. Thus, aperiodic corrections may be associated with greater overhead compared to periodic corrections due to the nature

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34/73 unidiffusion of aperiodic corrections. In addition, according to an example where multi-bit aperiodic corrections are used, these corrections can be mapped to an instantiation of the PDCCH (and in this case, for example, the power correction can be transmitted as part of the DL assignment or uplink grant UL) or a PDCCH / PDSCH pair (and in this case, for example, the power correction can be transmitted by itself or within the band with another data transmission).

[0068] With reference to Figure 5, a system 500 is shown that uses preamble-based power control in a wireless communication environment based on LTE. System 500 includes a sector at base station 202 that communicates with an access terminal 302 and / or any number of distinct access terminals (not shown). As described above, the corresponding sector at base station 202 may include the received power monitor 204 and the UL 206 power adjuster, which may also comprise the aperture corrector 402, and the access terminal 302 may include the UL 304 power manager. , which may also comprise the 404 periodic command receiver. Although not shown, the possibility is considered that the UL 206 power adjuster includes periodic corrector 310 of Figure 3 in addition to or instead of aperiodic corrector 402, and / access terminal 302 may include a periodic control receiver in addition to or instead of the aperiodic command receiver 404, thus, the possibility that the object claimed is not limited to the following example, which uses the aperiodic corrector 402 and the aperiodic command receiver 404, is considered.

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35/73 [0069] Furthermore, the UL 304 power manager may also include a preamble generator 502, which transmits a power control preamble via the uplink, to the corresponding sector at base station 202 prior to transmission. uplink data (such as before PUSCH / PUCCH transmission, ...).

[0070] In addition, the UL 206 power adjuster can evaluate a preamble evaluator 504, which analyzes the received power control preamble in order to correct the power settings used by the 302 access terminal, and send a control command through the downlink to the access terminal 302. However, the possibility is considered that the preamble generator 502 is included in the access terminal 302, although separate from the UL 304 power manager and / or that the preamble evaluator 504 is included in the corresponding sector at base station 202 , but separate from the UL 206 power adjuster.

[0071] Uplink power control can produce significant variance in the SNR with bursty transmissions. To mitigate such variance, the transmission of preambles can allow power control commands to be provided to access terminal 302 before uplink data transmission, where uplink data transmission can be started or resumed immediately at following an UL grant transmitted through the PDCCH. Upon receiving the UL grant, the UL power manager

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36/73

304 you can use open loop power control to set the initial power level for sending an uplink transmission. By using the preamble generator 502, the transient effect associated with open loop power control can be mitigated when sensitive information is to be sent on the uplink via PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0072] The preamble generator 502 can transmit a power control preamble via the uplink. The power control preamble can be a one-time SRS transmission. Such transmission of the power control preamble can be programmed by the corresponding sector at base station 202 (and / or on a network) explicitly or implicitly. The power control preamble sent by the preamble generator 502 allows an uplink transmission to be quickly blown into the channel, covering part or all of the system bandwidth (such as, for example, the minimum bandwidth capacity module. transmission terminal, ...). According to an example, two or four hops per TTI can be obtained with the power control preamble. In addition, the power control preamble can allow the first PUCCH or PUSCH transmission after an UL concession received after UL inactivity to be effectively controlled in power by the closed loop.

[0073] According to an example, when access terminal 302 obtains a UL grant while on LTE_ATIVO_CPC (for example, because of data activity on the downlink), the power of a transmission

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The initial 37/73 to be sent via the uplink, as determined by the UL 304 power manager can be based on open loop power control (for example, without using closed loop mechanisms). The initial open loop configuration may be noisy and therefore less than optimal for transmission power. However, since the transmission power of the first uplink transmission from access terminal 302 can be corrected, the security of uplink transmissions can be considerably improved.

[0074] To solve the preceding problem, the preamble generator 502 sends a power control preamble that precedes the transmission of information from the access terminal 302 to the corresponding sector at base station 202 (for example, the information can be transmitted in the PUSCH and / or PUCCH). The power control preamble can be communicated at a power level produced according to open loop power control mechanisms. The preamble evaluator 504 can obtain and review the power control preamble in order to quickly correct the power settings of the access terminal 302, as evidenced by the power control preamble. For example, the Preamble Evaluator 504 can generate and transmit a power control command (for example, transmit power control command (TPC)) to adjust the power level used by the UL 304 power manager of the access terminal 302. The power control command can be a single bit correction and / or a power correction

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38/73 multiple bits. The UL 304 power manager can then implement the power control command obtained from the corresponding sector at base station 202. In addition, access terminal 302 can then send uplink transmissions (for example, PUSCH transmissions and / or PUCCH) at the corrected open-loop power level set by the UL 304 power manager in response to receiving the power control command.

[0075] The transmission of the power control preamble of the preamble generator 502 can be programmed explicitly or implicitly by the corresponding sector at base station 202 (and / or by a programmer (not shown) at base station 202). According to an example, explicit programming provides the preamble generator 502 with an explicit indication to send the power control preamble over the uplink. After this exemplification, an UL lease (e.g., first UL lease) sent from base station 202 (e.g., via the PDCCH) can provide programming related data to transmit the power control preamble over the uplink.

[0076] Therefore, the UL grant can make the preamble generator 502 sound the channel effectively (such as, for example, two or four hops covering the system bandwidth in a given TTI, with the preamble control unit sent over the uplink). Upon receipt of the uplink transmission by the corresponding sector at base station 202 and analysis by the preamble evaluator 504, a

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39/73 power correction is computed and sent on the PDCCH together with a new UL grant (for example, second UL grant) for PUCCH / PUSCH transmission (for example, which has the corrected power).

[0077] As another example, the implicit programming of the power control preamble can be used. Based on the fact that the access terminal 302 is in the LTE_ATIVO_CPC sub-state, the preamble generator 502 can recognize a priori that a power control preamble will be sent before regular data transmission (for example, via PUSCH / PUCCH ). Therefore, the corresponding sector at base station 202 does not need to send two UL concessions (for example, as is the case with explicit programming of the power control preamble). Instead, an explicitly flagged UL grant can be applied to a next hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) cycle, and the modulation and coding scheme and / or features (MCS) for the power control preamble can be predefined and known both by the access terminal 302 and by the corresponding sector in the base station 202 (as, for example, retained in the memory of the access terminal 302 and / or in the corresponding sector in the base station 202). Thus, when using implicit programming, the preamble generator 502 can transfer the power control preamble into the predetermined resources instead of with explicitly programmed resources (as, for example, is the case for explicit programming).

[0078] After the power control preamble is used to correct the power configuration

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40/73 UL power, for access terminal 302 physical uplink resources can be reallocated (for example, through base station 202) and therefore taken back to the LTE_ATIVO state. While in LTE_ATIVO, subsequent transmissions can be based on corrections generated and sent by the aperiodic broker 402 to the access terminal 302 and implemented by the aperiodic command receiver 404 (and / or by the UL 304 power manager), as described here.

[0079] Now with reference to Figure 6, a system 600 is shown that groups access terminals to send power control commands through a downlink. System 600 includes the corresponding sector at base station 202 that communicates with an access terminal 1 602, an access terminal 2 604, ..., and an access terminal N 606, where N can be any integer. Each access terminal 602-606 can also include a respective UL power manager (such as, for example, access terminal 1 602 includes a UL 1 608 power manager, access terminal 2

604 includes a UL 2 610 power manager, ..., the N 606 access terminal includes a power manager

UL N 612). In addition, the corresponding sector at base station 202 may comprise a received power monitor 204, the UL 206 power adjuster and a cluster of access terminals (ATs) 614, which combines a subset of access terminals 602-606 in a group to transmit power control commands through the downlink.

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41/73 [0080] AT group 614 can group access terminals 602-606 as a function of several factors. For example, AT group 614 can assign one or more access terminals 602-606 to a group based on a one-phase DRX cycle. According to another example, ATs 614 cluster can allocate an access terminal or terminals 602-606 to groups based on periodic uplink transmission rates (such as SRS transmission rate, PUCCH, ...) used by access terminals 602-606. By combining subsets of access terminals 602-606 in different groups, the transmission of power control commands by the UL 206 power adjuster on the DL via the PDCCH (or CPCCH, TPC-PDCCH) can be performed more effectively (as, for example, by sending power control commands to several access terminals grouped together in a common message). As an example, the AT group 614 forms groups for use with periodic uplink power control; however, the object claimed is not so limited.

[0081] According to an example, the access terminal 1 602 can use a transmission rate of 200 Hz for transmission of the SRS, the access terminal 2 604 can use a transmission rate of 50 Hz for transmission of the SRS and the access terminal N 606 can use a transmission rate of 100 Hz for transmission of the SRS. The AT group 614 can recognize these respective transmission rates (for example,

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42/73 using signals obtained through the received power monitor 204, ...). Then, AT group 614 can assign access terminal 1 602 and access terminal

No 606 to a group A (along with any other access terminal (s) that use transmission rates of 100 Hz or 200 Hz). ATs cluster 614 may also allocate access terminal 2 604 (and any separate access terminal (s) that use 25 Hz or 50 Hz transmission rates) to a group B. It should be understood, however, that the object claimed is not limited to the aforementioned example. In addition, AT group 614 can assign group IDs to each of the groups (for use in the PDCCH or CPCCH). When assigning access terminals 602-606 to respective groups, the commands sent by the UL 206 power adjuster can use downlink resources that correspond to a specific group associated with a desired recipient access terminal. For example, AT group 614 and UL 206 power adjuster can work together to send TPC commands to multiple access terminals 602-606 on each PDCCH transmission.

In addition, each UL 608-612 power manager can recognize appropriate PDCCH transmission (s) to be listened to for command (s).

CPT directed to it (such as, based on

Matching group IDs, ...).

0082]

With reference to

Figure 7 shows exemplary transmission structures for communicating power control commands to groups of access terminals.

For example,

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43/73 transmission can be used in PDCCH transmissions. Two exemplary transmission structures are shown (for example, the transmission structure 700 and the transmission structure 702), however, the possibility that the claimed object is not limited to these examples is considered. Transmission frames 700 and 702 can reduce overhead by grouping power control commands for multiple users on each PDCCH transmission. As shown, transmission structure 700 groups power control commands for users in group A when a first PDCCH transmission and power control commands for users in group B when a second PDCCH transmission. In addition, both the first and the second transmission of the PDCCH include a cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

In addition, the transmission structure 702 combines power control commands for users in groups A and B when using a common PDCCH transmission. As an example, for transmission structure 702, power control commands for users in group A can be included in a first segment of the common transmission of the PDCCH, and power control commands for users in group B can be included in a second segment of the common PDCCH transmission.

[0083] With reference to Figure 8, an exemplary timing diagram 800 is shown for a periodic uplink power control procedure for LTE. In 802, power control procedures for an access terminal in the LTE_ACTIVE state are shown. In this state, the access terminal sends

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44/73 periodic transmissions from the SRS to a base station, and the base station responds to periodic transmissions from the SRS with periodic TPC commands. As shown in the example shown, the transmission power of the access terminal is corrected by a single TPC bit transmitted periodically on the downlink. It should be noted that periodic transmissions from SRS can be replaced by periodic transmissions from CQI, periodic transmissions from PUCCH and the like. Periodic transmissions from CQI or periodic transmissions from PUCCH may be less effective from the sound point of view of the channel, since these transmissions may not cover the entire band of the system; however, such transmissions can be triggered for closed loop corrections based on UL measurements at the base station.

[0084] In 804, a period of inactivity is shown for the access terminal. After the period of inactivity (for example, predetermined or use of a limit period), the access terminal transitions to the sub-state LTE_ATIVO_CPC. In this sub-state, UL PHY resources are deallocated from the access terminal; therefore, it may not be possible to use closed loop power control when UL transmissions are resumed.

[0085] In 806, the access terminal resumes uplink transmissions. RACH is used to resume uplink transmissions using an open loop estimate. According to an example, the open loop estimate can be modified according to a last transmission power with some negligible factor if considered beneficial. In

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45/73 response to the RACH sent by the access terminal, the base station can transmit an in-band power setting to the access terminal (such as an x-bit power setting, where x can be substantially any number all).

[0086] In 808, the identity of the access terminal can be verified through the RACH procedure. In addition, reallocation of UL PHY resources can be performed (for example, together with the SRS configuration) at 808.

[0087] In 810, the access terminal is in the LTE_ATIVO state. Therefore, the access terminal resumes periodic transmissions from the SRS. As shown, the periodicity of periodic transmissions from SRS in 810 differs from the periodicity of periodic transmissions from SRS in 802, however, the object claimed is thus not limited. In response to the SRS periodic transmissions, the base station sends TPC commands that, in this case, account for 2 bits (for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB). In addition, although not shown, access terminal transmissions may continue to use open loop corrections determined from the reception power level at the access terminal. Therefore, closed-loop corrections can be exclusive and / or on top of open-loop corrections determined from changes in reception power at the access terminal.

[0088] Now with reference to Figure 9, an exemplary timing diagram 900 is shown for an aperiodic uplink uplink power control procedure for LTE. Procedures are shown

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46/73 power control for an access terminal in the LTE_ACTIVE state. The timing diagram may lack 900 periodic uplink transmissions. In addition, power corrections can be sent from a base station to the access terminal based on the power received through the PUSCH. The base station evaluates transmissions from the

PUSCH in order to determine whether to make a power adjustment. Aperiodic power adjustments can be counted on if the base station sends a message (for example, TPC command at UL grant) to the access terminal if a power adjustment is deemed necessary by the base station upon evaluation of a transmission specific PUSCH. When the base station determines that such a power adjustment is not needed at a specific time for a given PUSCH transmission, the base station does not need to transmit a TPC command at that time in response to the given PUSCH transmission (instead, for example , an ACK can be transmitted in response to the given PUSCH transmission, ...). In addition, regardless of whether or not a TPC command is obtained by the access terminal at any given time, the access terminal can constantly rely on corrections based on an open-loop mechanism. In addition, corrections sent by the base station can be single-bit and / or multiple-bit corrections.

[0089] It should be understood that a similar scheme can be used with periodic UL transmissions in the event that corrections can be sent in the DL on an as needed basis. Thus, the access terminal can periodically send SRS transmissions on the

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47/73 uplink, which can be evaluated by the base station in order to determine the power adjustments to be made. Then, when determining that a power adjustment is required at a specific time, the base station can send a TPC command, via the downlink, to the access terminal (such as, for example, the aperiodic downlink transmission of commands power control).

[0090] The uplink power control procedures shown in Figures 8 and 9 include common aspects. Namely, the notion of APSD (Delta Power Spectral Density) used in UL data transmissions can be used to control uplink power both periodically and aperiodically. ~ PSD can have a maximum transmission power that is allowed for a given user in order to minimize the impact on adjacent cells. APSD can evolve over time as, for example, a function of the charge indicator of adjacent cells, channel conditions and so on. In addition, APSD can be reported to the access terminal (for example, within the band) when possible. In LTE systems, the network can choose which MCS / Max pilot data power ratio the access terminal is authorized to transmit. The initial APSD, however, can be based on the MSC contained in the UL grant (for example, the relationship between the UL grant and the initial APSD can be based on a formula). In addition, much of what has been said above refers to intra-cellular power control. Other mechanisms for inter-cellular power control (eg

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48/73 (load control) can be complementary to the mechanisms described here.

[0091] According to another example, periodic and aperiodic uplink power control procedures may work in combination. Following this example, periodic updates can be used on top of periodic updates. If PUSCH transmissions are scheduled, they may require corresponding PDCCH transmissions with

<td>the UL grant</td><td>and,</td><td>therefore,</td><td>commands</td><td>of control</td><td>in</td>

<td>power can</td><td>to be</td><td>transmitted</td><td>we</td><td>PDCCHs with</td><td>at</td>

<td>UL concessions.</td><td>If</td><td>the PDCCH does not</td><td>is</td><td>available,</td><td>per</td>

For example, for persistent UL transmissions (for example, that do not require UL grants because PHY resources are configured by higher layers), then the power control commands can be transmitted on the TPC-PDDCH1. In addition, if PDSCH is programmed in the DL, then PUCCH power control (for example, CQI and ACK / NAK) can become more critical. In such a case, the power control commands for the PUCCH can be communicated on the PDCCHs with the DL assignments. For DL ​​transmissions without related control or for the absence of DL data activity, periodic transmissions on the TPC-DPCCH2 can be used to control the power on the PUCCH. Therefore, power control commands can be transmitted when necessary (for example, aperiodically) with the simultaneous use of available resources (such as, for example, PDCCH with UL grants for PUSCH, PDCCH with DL assignments for PUCCH, periodic TPC commands on the TPC-DCCH that can

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49/73 be relevant to PUCCH and PUSCH programmed persistently, ...).

[0092] Now with reference to Figure 10, an exemplary timing diagram 1000 is shown for an LTE uplink power control procedure that triggers a power control preamble. Timing diagram 1000 counts with the transmission of a

<td>preamble to</td><td colspan="2">power control</td><td colspan="2">scheduled to</td><td>leave</td><td>in</td>

<td>a station</td><td>base</td><td>(or network) of</td><td>way</td><td colspan="2">explicit</td><td>or</td>

<td>implied. In</td><td> 1002,</td><td colspan="2">a UL grant can</td><td>to be</td><td>sent</td><td>in</td>

<td colspan="2">a base station</td><td>(or network) to a</td><td>terminal</td><td>in</td><td>access.</td><td>THE</td>

<td>granting of</td><td>UL</td><td colspan="2">can be transferred</td><td>per</td><td>middle</td><td>in</td>

transmission of the PDCCH. In 1004, the access terminal sends a power control (PC) preamble to the base station. The power control preamble can be sent at a determined power level based on an open loop power control mechanism. In 1006, the corresponding sector at the base station can correct the power configuration of the access terminal as collected from the received power control preamble. The corresponding sector at the base station can transmit a power control command (for example, TPC) to the access terminal. The power control command can be a single-bit correction and / or a multi-bit correction. When using explicit programming, the power control command can be sent by the corresponding sector at the base station together with a second UL grant for the access terminal to transmit data. According to another example, when using implicit programming, it is not necessary to send the

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50/73 power control command with an UL grant; instead, the UL grant sent in 1002 can be used by the access terminal to transmit data over the uplink. In 1008, the access terminal can transmit data, via the uplink, to the base station. Data can be transmitted via the access terminal with the corrected power setting (for example, the power level determined by means of open loop power control and adjusted based on the received power control command). For example, data can be sent as a PUSCH transmission and / or a PUCCH transmission. Then, although not shown, the regular closed-loop power control techniques described here can then be implemented while the access terminal remains in the LTE_ACTIVE state.

[0093] With reference to Figures 11-12, methodologies are shown regarding the use of power control preambles in conjunction with uplink power control through periodic, aperiodic corrections or a combination of periodic and aperiodic corrections in one wireless communication environment based on LTE. Although, to simplify the explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it should be understood that the methodologies are not limited by the order of the acts, since some acts, according to one or more modalities, can occur in orders different from the one shown and described here and / or concurrently with other acts. For example, those skilled in the art will understand that a

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51/73 methodology can alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated states or events, as in a state diagram. In addition, it may not be necessary for all the acts shown to implement a methodology according to one or more modalities.

[0094] With reference to Figure 11, an 1100 methodology is shown that facilitates the generation of a power control preamble for use with power control in a wireless communication environment based on Long Term Evolution (LTE). In 1102, an uplink concession can be received from a corresponding sector at a base station. The uplink grant can be communicated through a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) transmission. For example, the uplink lease can be received while an access terminal is in an LTE_ATIVO_CPC state. According to another example, the uplink grant received in 1102 can be a first uplink grant obtained after inactivity on the uplink. In 1104, a power control preamble can be transmitted to the corresponding sector at the base station with a power configuration based on open loop power control. The power control preamble can be an uplink transmission that quickly sounds the channel through part or all of the system bandwidth (such as, for example, the minimum transmission bandwidth capacity of the access terminal ). For example, the power control preamble can be a single-signal Transmission of the Reference Sound (SRS)

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52/73 time. As another example, the power control preamble can be an Aperiodic Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) report on an uplink data channel. The power control preamble can use two or four hops that span the system's bandwidth over a given transmission time interval (TTI). In addition, the power control preamble can be an uplink transmission that precedes the uplink data transmission in a

Shared Physical Uplink Channel (PUSCH) and / or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). Furthermore, the power configuration used in the transmission of the power control preamble can be based on an open loop power control since the closed loop power control may be unavailable to the access terminal before it is in an LTE_ACTIVE state. Furthermore, the programming of the transmission of the power control preamble can be explicit or implicit. According to an example in which explicit programming is used (for example, transmission characteristics can be explicitly stated), the uplink grant received in 1102 can allocate resources, specify the modulation and / or the encoding to be used and so on, for transmission of the power control preamble. According to another example, in which implicit programming is used (transmission characteristics can be implicitly indicated), resources, modulation, coding, etc. predetermined can be triggered to transmit the power control preamble; like this; O

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53/73 access terminal can use these resources, modulation, coding, etc. predetermined to send the power control preamble over the uplink, without such information being explicitly included in the uplink concession received in 1102.

[0095] In 1106, a power control command can be received from the corresponding sector at the base station. The power control command can adjust the power configuration of the access terminal used in the uplink transmission. For example, the power control command can be a single-bit correction and / or a multi-bit correction. Thus, the access terminal can modify the configured power according to the power control command. In addition, after the power control preamble is used to correct the power configuration, the physical uplink resources can be reallocated to the access terminal, and the access terminal can transition to the LTE_ACTIVE state. Furthermore, if explicit programming is used, a second uplink grant can be received together with the power control command, and the second uplink grant can be used to send the next uplink data transmission. Alternatively, if implicit programming is used, it is not necessary for the power control command to be accompanied by a second uplink lease, instead, the uplink lease received in 1102 can be used to send the data transmission. uplink link (for example, the granting of

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54/73 uplink in such a case can be applied to the following hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) cycle.

[0096] In 1108, data can be transmitted to the base station with the power setting adjusted. The open loop estimate for the power setting can be modified by the correction presented as part of the power control command, and data transmission can be done in this adjusted power setting. Data transmission can be in response to the second uplink grant obtained with the power control command if explicit programming is used or to the uplink grant received in 1102 if implicit programming is used. The data transmission may be a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission and / or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission. According to another example, data transmission may refer to a set of periodic transmissions (for example, SRS transmissions, CQI transmissions, PUCCH transmissions, ...).

[0097] Furthermore, a power control command can be received after data transmission at 1108. The power control command can be sent via the downlink when a trigger condition occurs. The power control command can be a single-bit command and / or a multi-bit command. In addition, the power control command can be obtained through a Control Channel

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55/73 of Physical Downlink (PDCCH) or a PDCCH / PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) pair. Furthermore, the power control command can be received as an independent transmission or within the band with other data transmitted from a corresponding sector at a base station. The power setting used for data transmission in 1108 can then be changed based on the power control command. In addition, when a power control command is not obtained, it is not necessary to make such changes to the power configuration. According to another example, whether or not the power control command is received and used to adjust the power setting, open loop power control mechanisms can be used to change the power setting. As another example, data can be transmitted on the upstream link to the power configuration changed by any type of power control command, such as, for example, periodic and / or aperiodic.

[0098] Now with reference to Figure 12, a 1200 methodology is shown that facilitates the evaluation of power control preambles for use with power control in a wireless communication environment based on Long Term Evolution (LTE). In 1202, an uplink concession can be transmitted to an access terminal. The uplink lease can be sent while the access terminal is in an LTE_ATIVO_CPC state. Furthermore, the uplink grant can be sent through a PDCCH. According to an example, the uplink concession

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56/73 can explicitly program the transfer of a power control preamble from the access terminal (for example, the transmission characteristics can be explicitly indicated), so, after this example, the access terminal can assign resources, modulation, coding and the like to be used in the transmission of the power control preamble. As another example, resource, modulation, coding, etc.

predetermined can be used by the access terminal for transmission of the power control preamble (such as, for example, implicit programming, the transmission characteristics can be implicitly indicated, ...), and the uplink grant sent in 1202 is applicable to an uplink data transmission sent by the access terminal associated with a next hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) cycle.

[0099] In 1204, a power control preamble can be received. The power control preamble can be sent from the access terminal to a fixed power level based on open loop power control. In addition, the power level used by the access terminal to transfer the power control preamble can be retrieved from the received power control preamble. The power control preamble can be an uplink transmission that quickly sounds the channel through part or all of the system bandwidth (such as, for example, the minimum transmission bandwidth capacity of the access terminal ). For example, the control preamble

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57/73 power can use two or four hops that cover the system bandwidth in a given transmission time interval (TTI). For example, the power control preamble can be a one-time transmission of the Reference Sound Signal (SRS). As another example, the power control preamble can be an aperiodic Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) report on an uplink data channel.

[0100] In 1206, the power control command can be generated based on an analysis of the power control preamble, in which the power control command can correct the power level of the access terminal. As an example, the power control command can be a single bit correction and / or a multiple bit correction in the power level used by the access terminal. In 1208, the power control command can be transmitted to the access terminal. When explicit programming is used, a second uplink grant can be transmitted together with the power control command, and the second uplink grant can be used to send the next uplink data transmission. Alternatively, when implicit programming is used, it is not necessary for the power control command to be accompanied by a second uplink concession; instead, the uplink lease sent at 1202 can be used by the access terminal to send the next uplink data transmission. In addition, after the power control preamble is used to

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58/73 correct the power level, the physical uplink resources can be reallocated to the access terminal, and the access terminal can transition to the LTE_ACTIVE state. In 1210, an uplink data transmission sent from the access terminal to the corrected power level can be received. The data transmission may be a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission and / or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission. According to another example, data transmission may refer to a set of periodic transmissions (for example, SRS transmissions, CQI transmissions, PUCCH transmissions, ...).

[0101] When receiving the uplink data transmission in 1210, it can be determined whether to adjust the power level used by the access terminal when sending the uplink data transmission. According to an example, the power level can be compared to a target and, if the difference exceeds a limit, then an adjustment can be triggered; otherwise, if the difference is less than the limit, then it is not necessary to make the adjustment at that time. In addition, a degree of adjustment in the power level of the access terminal can be determined. When it is determined that the power level must be adjusted, an aperiodic power control command can be transmitted to the access terminal in order to change the power level when triggered by a measurement (eg power level measurement) received that is outside an established margin, ...). Thus, the aperiodic power control command

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59/73 can be shipped on an as needed basis. The aperiodic power control command can be a single-bit correction (such as, for example, increasing / decreasing, ± 1 dB, ...) and / or a multi-bit correction (such as, for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, ...). In addition, the aperiodic power control command can be mapped to an instantiation of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or a PDCCH / PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) pair. Furthermore, the aperiodic power control command can be transmitted independently or within the band with other data transmissions. In addition, for example, the aperiodic power control command can be sent via a single-stream transmission.

[0102] It should be understood that, according to one or more aspects described here, inferences can be made regarding the use of power control preambles with aperiodic power control. As used here, the term infer or inference generally refers to the process of reasoning about or inferring states of the system, environment and / or user from a set of observations captured through events and / or data. An inference can be used to identify a specific context or action, or it can generate a distribution of probabilities across states, for example. The inference can be probabilistic - that is, the computation of a distribution of probabilities through states of interest based on the consideration of data and events. An inference can also refer to techniques used to compose higher level events at

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60/73 from a set of events and / or data. Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions from a set of observed events and / or stored event data, whether or not the events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and data originate from one or more event and data sources.

[0103] According to an example, one or more of the methods presented above may include making inferences regarding whether to use explicit programming and / or implicit programming of preamble uplink power control transmissions. By way of another example, an inference related to the identification of resources to be used for uplink transmission of a power control preamble can be made. It should be understood that the preceding examples are of an illustrative nature and are not intended to limit the number of inferences that can be made or the way in which such inferences can be made in conjunction with the various modalities and / or methods described herein.

[0104] Figure 13 shows an access terminal 1300 that facilitates the use of power control preamps with power control in a wireless communication system based on LTE. Access terminal 1300 comprises a receiver 1302, which receives a signal from, for example, a receiving antenna (not shown) and performs typical actions (for example, filtering, amplifying, performing downward conversion, etc.) on the received signal and scans the conditioned signal to obtain samples. Receiver 102 can be an MMSE receiver, for example, and can

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61/73 comprises a demodulator 1304, which can demodulate received symbols and send them to a processor 1306 for channel estimation. The processor 1306 can be a processor dedicated to analyzing information received by the receiver 1302 and / or generating information for transmission by a transmitter 1316, a processor that controls one or more components of the access terminal 1300, and / or a processor that both analyzes the information received by receiver 1302, generates information for transmission by transmitter 1316 when controlling one or more components of access terminal 1300.

[0105] The access terminal 1300 may also comprise a memory 1308, which is operationally coupled to the processor 1306 and which can store data to be transmitted, data received, identifier (s) assigned to the access terminal 1300, information related to command commands. power control obtained and any other appropriate information to select whether to implement the power control commands. Memory 1308 can also store protocols and / or algorithms associated with the generation of power control preambles for forwarding via an uplink and / or estimation of power levels for transmission based on open loop mechanisms.

[0106] It should be understood that the data storage (for example, memory 1308) described herein may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or it may include both a volatile and a non-volatile memory. As an example and not a limitation, non-volatile memory may include read memory

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62/73 (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache memory. As an example and not a limitation, a RAM is obtainable in many forms, such as synchronous RAM, dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM) , Synchronization Link DRAM and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1308 of the present systems and methods is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0107] Receiver 1302 is also operationally coupled to a UL 1310 power manager that controls the power level used by access terminal 1300 for transmission via an uplink. The power manager 1310 can set the uplink power level to transmit data, control signals, and so on, through any type of uplink channel. The 1310 power manager can use open loop mechanisms to select the uplink power level. In addition, the power control commands obtained by receiver 1302 can be used by the UL 1310 power manager in order to adjust the uplink power level. In addition, the UL 1310 power manager and / or receiver 1302 can be coupled to a preamble generator 1312 that produces power control preambles for sending via the

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63/73 uplink at a specific power level (for example, determined by the UL 1310 power manager based on the open loop mechanism). The power control preambles generated by the preamble generator 1312 can be sent to quickly sound the uplink channel with an uplink transmission that spans the bandwidth of a wireless communication environment. In addition, power control commands can be received from a base station in response to the power control preambles, and power control commands can be used by the UL 1310 power manager to adjust the open loop estimate used in power control preambles. The access terminal 1300 further comprises a modulator 1314 and a transmitter 1316, which transmits the signal to, for example, a base station, another access terminal, etc. Although shown to be separate from processor 1306, it should be understood that the UL 1310 power manager, preamble manager 1312 and / or modulator 1314 may be part of processor 1306 or multiple processors (not shown).

[0108] Figure 14 shows a 1400 system that facilitates the analysis of power control preambles for use with power control in an LTE-based wireless communication system. The system 1400 comprises a sector in a base station 1402 (for example, access point, eNB, ...) with a receiver 1410, which receives signal (s) from one or more access terminals 1404 through a series of antennas receiver 1406, and a transmitter 1422, which transmits to the access terminal or terminals

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64/73

1404 through a transmitting antenna 1408. The receiver 1410 can receive information from the receiving antennas 1406 and is operationally demodulator 1412, which demodulates the received information. Demodulated symbols are analyzed by a processor 1414, which can be similar to the processor described above with reference to Figure 13, and which is coupled to a memory 1416, which stores information related to access terminal identifiers (such as, for example, IDsDeMAC , ...), data to be transmitted to or received from access terminal (s) 1404 (or from a separate base station (not shown) (such as power control command (s), uplink concession (s), ...) and / or any other appropriate information related to the execution of the various actions and functions presented here. The processor 1414 is also coupled to a received power monitor 1418, which evaluates the uplink power levels used by the access terminal (s) 1404 based on the signals obtained at the base station 1402. For example, the received power monitor 1418 can analyze the uplink power level from a PUSCH transmission. According to another example, the received power monitor 1418 can evaluate the uplink power level from a periodic uplink transmission.

[0109] The received power monitor 1418 can be operationally coupled to a preamble evaluator 1420, which analyzes a power control preamble obtained by base station 1402 of access terminal (s) 1404. The preamble evaluator 1420 also corrects

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65/73 the power level used by an access terminal from which the power control preamble originates. Thus, the preamble evaluator 1420 generates power control commands to be sent to adjust the power level of the access terminal. The preamble evaluator 1420 can furthermore be operationally coupled to a modulator 1422. Modulator 1422 can multiplex power control commands for transmission by a transmitter 1426 through antenna 1408 to access terminal (s) 1404. Although shown as being separate from processor 1414, it should be understood that the power monitor received 1418, the preamble evaluator 1420 and / or modulator 1422 may be part of processor 1414 or multiple processors (not shown).

[0110] Figure 15 shows an exemplary wireless communication system 1500. The wireless communication system 1500 shows a sector in a base station 1510 and an access terminal 1550 for the sake of brevity. However, it should be understood that system 1500 may include more than one base station and / or more than one access terminal, in which additional base stations and / or access terminals may be substantially similar or different from the base station 1510 and the terminal access 1550 copies described below. It should also be understood that the base station 1510 and / or the access terminal 1550 can use the systems (Figures 1-6, 13-15 and 16-17) and / or methods (Figures 11-12) described here to facilitate wireless communication between them.

[0111] At base station 1510, traffic data for various data streams is provided from a source of

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66/73 data 1512 to a transmission data processor (TX) 1514. According to an example, each data stream can be transmitted via a respective antenna. The TX 1514 data processor formats, encodes and merges the traffic data stream based on a coding scheme specific to that data stream, in order to obtain encrypted data.

[0112] The encoded data for each data stream can be multiplexed with pilot data using orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) multiplexing techniques. In addition or alternatively, the pilot symbols can be multiplexed by frequency division (FDM), multiplexed by time division (TDM) or multiplexed by code division (CDM). Pilot data is a known data pattern that is processed in a known manner and can be used on the 1150 access terminal in order to estimate the response to the channel. Pilot data and multiplexed encoded data for each data stream can be modulated (for example, mapped in symbols) based on a specific modulation scheme (such as, for example, binary phase shift switching (BPSK), switching by quadrature phase shift (QPSK), M phase shift shift (M-PSK), amplitude modulation by M quadrature (M-QAM), etc.) selected for this data stream in order to generate modulation symbols . The data rate, encoding and modulation for each data stream can be determined by instructions executed or provided by the 1530 processor.

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67/73 [0113] The modulation symbols for the data streams can be sent to a MIMO TX 1520 processor, which can also process the modulation symbols (for example, for OFDM). The MIMO TX 1520 processor then sends Nt modulation symbol streams to Nt transmitters (TMTR) 1522a through 1522t. In several modalities, the MIMO TX 1520 processor applies beamforming weights to the symbols of the data streams and to the antenna from which the symbol is being transmitted.

[0114] Each transmitter 1522 receives and processes a respective flow of symbols in order to obtain one or more analog signals and also conditions (for example, amplifies, filters and performs upward conversion) the analog signals in order to obtain a modulated signal suitable for transmission through the MIMO channel. In addition, Nt modulated signals from transmitters 1522a to 1522t are transmitted from Nt antennas 1524a to 1524t, respectively.

[0115] At the access terminal 1550, the transmitted modulated signals are received by Nr antennas 1552a to 1552re, and the signal received from each antenna 1552 is sent to a respective receiver (RCVR) 1554a to 1554r. Each 1554 receiver conditions (for example, filters, amplifies and performs downward conversion) a respective signal, digitizes the conditioned signal to obtain samples and also processes the samples in order to obtain a corresponding received symbol stream.

[0116] An RX 1560 data processor can receive and process the Nr symbol streams received from Nr receivers 1554 based on a specific receiver processor technique to obtain Nt symbol streams

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68/73 detected. The RX 1560 data processor can demodulate, deinterleave and decode each detected symbol stream in order to retrieve traffic data for the data stream. Processing by the RX 1560 data processor is complementary to that performed by the MIMO TX 1520 processor and the TX data processor on the base station 1510.

[0117] A 1510 processor can periodically determine which technology to use, as discussed above. In addition, processor 1570 can formulate a reverse link message comprising a matrix index part and a classification value part.

[0118] The reverse link message can comprise several types of information regarding the communication link and / or the received data flow. The reverse link message can be processed by a TX 1538 data processor, which also receives traffic data for various data streams from a 1536 data source, modulated by a 1580 modulator, conditioned by transmitters 1554a to 1554r and transmitted back. to the base station 1510.

[0119] At the base station 1510, the modulated signals from the access terminal 1550 are received by antennas 1524, conditioned by receivers 1522, demodulated by a demodulator 1540 and processed by a data processor RX 1542 to extract the reverse link message transmitted by the access terminal 1550. In addition, processor 1530 can process the extracted message in order to determine which pre-

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69/73 coding to use to determine beam forming weights.

[0120] Processors 1530 and 1570 can guide (for example, control, coordinate, manage, etc.) the operation at base station 1510 and access terminal 1550, respectively. The respective processors 1530 and 1570 can be associated with memories 1532 and 1572, which store program codes and data. Processors 1530 and 1570 can also perform computations to derive frequency and pulse response estimates for the uplink and downlink, respectively.

[0121] It should be understood that the modalities described here can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or any combination of them. For a hardware implementation, processing units can be implemented within one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) ), field programmable port arrangements (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described here or a combination of them.

[0122] When the modalities are implemented in software, firmware, middleware or microcode, program code or code segments, they can be stored in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage component. A code segment can represent a procedure, a function, a sub-program, a program, a

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70/73 routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class or any combination of instructions, data structures or program statements. A code segment can be coupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and / or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc., can be passed, emitted or transmitted using any suitable means that includes memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.

[0123] For a software implementation, the techniques described here can be implemented with modules (such as, for example, procedures, functions and so on) that perform the functions described here. Software codes can be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit can be implemented inside the processor or outside the processor, in which case it can be communicatively coupled to the processor by various means, as is known in the art.

[0124] Referring to Figure 16, a 1600 system is shown that enables the production of power control commands based on power control preambles for use by access terminals in a wireless communication environment. For example, the 1600 system can reside, at least partially, within a sector in a symbol. It should be understood that the 1600 system is represented as including function blocks, which can be function blocks that represent functions

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71/73 implemented by a processor, software or a combination of them (for example, firmware). System 1600 includes a logical grouping 1602 of electrical components that can act together. For example, logical cluster 1602 may include an electrical component for sending an uplink lease over a downlink 1604. In addition, logic cluster 1602 may include an electrical component to obtain a power control preamble sent at the power level determined from open loop power estimate 1606. Furthermore, logical cluster 1602 may comprise an electrical component to send a power control command that corrects power level 1608. Logical grouping 1602 may also include an electrical component for obtaining uplink data transmission at the corrected power level 1610. In addition, system 1600 may include memory 1612, which retains instructions for performing functions associated with electrical components 1604, 1606, 1608 and 1610. Although shown to be external to memory 1612, it should be understood that one or more of the electrical components 1604, 1606, 1608 and 1610 may exist within memory 1612.

[0125] With reference to Figure 17, a 1700 system is shown that enables the use of power control preambles in a wireless communication environment. The 1700 system can reside within an access terminal, for example. As shown, the 1700 system includes function blocks that can represent functions implemented by a processor, software or a combination of them (for example, firmware). The 1700 system

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72/73 includes a logical grouping 1702 of electrical components that can act together. Logical array 1702 may include an electrical component to obtain an uplink lease 1704. In addition, logical array 1702 may include an electrical component to obtain a power control preamble that alters the power level 1708. Logical grouping 1702 may include an electrical component for transmitting uplink data at the changed power level 1710. In addition, the 1700 system may include a 1712 memory, which retains instructions for performing functions associated with electrical components 1704, 1706, 1708 and 1710. Although shown to be external to 1712 memory, it should be understood that electrical components 1704, 1706, 1708 and 1710 may exist within memory 1712.

[0126] What has been described above includes examples of one or more modalities. Of course, it is not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for the purpose of describing the aforementioned modalities, but those skilled in the art may recognize that many other combinations and exchanges of different modalities are possible. Therefore, the modalities described are intended to cover all changes, modifications and variations that fall within the inventive concept and scope of the attached claims. Furthermore, insofar as the term includes is used either in the detailed description or in the claims, it is intended to be inclusive in a similar way to the term comprises, since understanding is

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73/73 interpreted when used as a transition word in a claim.