Uplink power control for lte

“METHOD FOR GENERATING POWER CONTROL COMMANDS, METHOD FOR EMPLOYING POWER CONTROL COMMANDS, APPLIANCE

FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION THAT ENABLES THE PRODUCTION OF

POWER CONTROL COMMANDS AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICE THAT ENABLES THE USE OF CONTROLS

POWER CONTROL

FUNDAMENTALS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[001] The following description generally refers to wireless communications, and more particularly control of the uplink power levels (UL) employed by the access terminals in a wireless communication system based on Long Term Evolution (LTE).

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

[002] Wireless communication systems are widely used to provide various types of communication; for example, voice and / or data can be provided through such wireless communication systems. A typical wireless communication system, or network, can provide multiple users with access to one or more shared resources (for example, bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). For example, a system can use a variety of multiple access techniques such as Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM),

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Code Division Multiplexing (CDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) and others. Additionally, the system can adjust to specifications

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2/61 such as the third generation partnership project (3GPP), Long Term Evolution (LTE) of 3GPP, etc.

[003] Generally, multiple wireless access communication systems can simultaneously support communication to multiple access terminals. Each access terminal can communicate with one or more base stations through direct link or reverse link transmissions. The direct link (or downlink) refers to the communication link from the base stations to the access terminals, and the reverse link (or uplink) refers to the communication link from the access terminals to the base stations. This communication link can be established through a single input, single output (SISO) system, multiple input system, one output (MISO), single input system, multiple outputs (SIMO) or a multiple input system, multiple outputs (MIMO).

[004] Wireless communication systems often employ one or more base stations and sectors that provide a coverage area. A typical sector can transmit multiple data streams for broadcast, multicast and / or unicast services, where a data stream can be a data stream that may be of interest to independent reception to an access terminal. An access terminal within the coverage area of ​​such sector can be employed to receive one, more than one, or all data streams carried by the composite stream. Similarly, an access terminal can transmit data to the base station or another access terminal. With many access terminals transmitting signal data in

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3/61 proximity, power control is important to produce sufficient signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) at different data rates and transmission bandwidths for communications over the uplink. It is desirable to keep the overhead incurred from transmitting the power settings to these access terminals as low as possible while achieving the previously mentioned objectives.

SUMMARY

[005] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more modalities to provide a basic understanding of such modalities. This summary is not an extensive overview of all the modalities considered, and is not intended to identify essential or crucial elements of all modalities or to outline the scope of any or all modalities. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more modalities in a simplified way as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[006] According to one or more modalities and the corresponding disclosure thereof, several aspects are described in connection with the action of employing closed-loop power control corrections, aperiodic in a wireless communication environment based on Long Evolution Term (LTE). An aperiodic power control command can be sent via a downlink to control and / or correct an uplink power level employed by an access terminal. Transmission of aperiodic power control can be activated by a measure (for example,

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4/61 power received outside a defined margin, etc.) or because of the opportunity to transmit control information from the sector to the downlink access terminal. The aperiodic power control command can include a single-bit and / or multiple-bit correction. In addition, the access terminal can change the uplink power level used for subsequent uplink transmissions based on the aperiodic power control command when received. In addition, regardless of whether the aperiodic power control command is received at a given time via the downlink, the access terminal can employ periodic power control commands and an open loop power control mechanism to adjust the power level. uplink.

[007] According to related aspects, a method for generating power control commands in a wireless communication environment is described here. The method may include receiving uplink transmissions from an access terminal. Additionally, the method may comprise determining whether to adjust an uplink power level employed by the access terminal. In addition, the method may include transmitting power control commands to the access terminal to change the uplink power level using a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for power assignments. downlink (DL) and uplink leases (UL).

[008] Another aspect concerns a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may include a memory that holds instructions related to the

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5/61 obtaining uplink transmissions sent from an access terminal at an uplink power level, deciphering whether the uplink power level changes, evaluating an amount to adjust the uplink power level when changing the level uplink power, and sending power control commands to the access terminal to change the uplink power level through a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink (DL) assignments and leases uplink (UL). In addition, the wireless communication device may include a processor, coupled to the memory, configured to execute the instructions held in the memory.

[009] Yet another aspect refers to a wireless communication device that enables the production of power control commands for use by the access terminals in a wireless communication environment. The wireless communication device may include means for obtaining uplink transmissions sent from an access terminal at an uplink power level. In addition, the wireless communication device may comprise means for assessing whether to change the uplink power level employed by the access terminal. In addition, the wireless communication device may include means for sending power control commands via a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink (DL) assignments and uplink (UL), the power control commands adjust the uplink power level by a specified amount.

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[0010] Yet another aspect refers to a machine-readable medium that has machine-executable instructions stored in it for obtaining uplink transmissions sent from an access terminal at an uplink power level; evaluating whether to change the uplink power level used by the access terminal; and by sending power control commands through a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL), the power control commands adjust the power level of uplink in a specified amount.

[0011] According to another aspect, a device in a wireless communication system can include a processor, in which the processor can be configured to receive uplink transmissions from an access terminal. In addition, the processor can be configured to determine whether to adjust an uplink power level employed by the access terminal. In addition, the processor can be configured to transmit power control commands to the access terminal via a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink (DL) assignments and uplink (UL), power control commands change the uplink power level when triggered by a measurement.

[0012] In accordance with other aspects, a method is described here for employing power control commands in wireless communication environments. The method can include transmitting data from an uplink

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7/61 at a power level. In addition, the method may include receiving a power control command via a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL). The method can also include changing the power level based on the power control command. In addition, the method may comprise transmitting data from the uplink at the changed power level.

[0013] Yet another aspect refers to a wireless communication device that can include a memory that holds instructions related to sending data from an uplink on a power level, obtaining a power control command through a Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL), and adjusting the power level based on the power control command for subsequent data transmission. In addition, the wireless communication device may comprise a processor, coupled to the memory, configured to execute the instructions held in the memory.

[0014] Another aspect refers to a wireless communication device that enables the use of power control commands in a wireless communication environment. The wireless communication device may comprise means for sending data from an uplink at a power level. In addition, the wireless communication device may include means for obtaining a power control command via a channel

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8/61 layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL). In addition, the wireless communication device may include means to change the power level for subsequent data transmission as a function of the power control command.

[0015] Yet another aspect refers to a machine-readable medium that has, stored in it, machine executable instructions for sending data from an uplink on a power level, obtaining a power control command through a Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL), and changing the power level for subsequent data transmission as a function of the power control command.

[0016] According to another aspect, a device in a wireless communication system can include a processor, in which the processor can be configured to transmit data from an uplink at a power level. In addition, the processor can be configured to receive a power control command via a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL) . In addition, the processor can be configured to change the power level based on the power control command. In addition, the processor can be configured to transmit data from the uplink at the changed power level.

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[0017] For the realization of the aforementioned and related purposes, one or more modalities comprises the characteristics described below in full and particularly noted in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings present in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more modalities. These aspects, however, are indicative of only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various modalities can be employed and the modalities described are intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0018] Figure 1 is an illustration of a wireless communication system according to several aspects presented here.

[0019] Figure 2 is an illustration of an exemplary system that controls the level (levels) of uplink power employed by the access terminal (s) in the wireless communication environment based on LTE.

[0020] Figure 3 is an illustration of an exemplary system that periodically corrects an uplink power level employed by an access terminal.

[0021] Figure 4 is an illustration of an exemplary system that periodically transfers power control commands to the access terminals in an LTE-based wireless communication environment.

[0022] Figure 5 is an illustration of an exemplary system that groups the access terminals for

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10/61 send power control commands via a downlink.

[0023] Figure 6 is an illustration of exemplary transmission structures for communicating power control commands to groups of access terminals.

[0024] Figure 7 is an illustration of an exemplary timing diagram for a periodic uplink power control procedure for LTE.

[0025] Figure 8 is an illustration of an exemplary timing diagram for an aperiodic uplink power control procedure for LTE.

[0026] Figure 9 is an illustration of an exemplary methodology for the generation of power control commands in a wireless communication environment.

[0027] Figure 10 is an illustration of an exemplary methodology for the use of power control commands in a wireless communication environment.

[0028] Figure 11 is an illustration of an exemplary access terminal for the use of aperiodic power control commands in an LTE-based wireless communication system.

[0029] Figure 12 is an illustration of an exemplary system for the production of aperiodic power control commands in an LTE-based wireless communication environment.

[0030] Figure 13 is an illustration of an exemplary wireless network environment that can be used in conjunction with the various systems and methods described here.

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[0031] Figure 14 is an illustration of an exemplary system that enables the production of power control commands for use by access terminals in a wireless communication environment.

[0032] Figure 15 is an illustration of an exemplary system that enables the use of power control commands in a wireless communication environment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] Various modalities are now described with reference to the drawings, in which similar reference numerals are used to refer from beginning to end to similar elements. In the following description, for the purpose of explanation, several specific details are presented to provide a complete understanding of one or more modalities. It may be evident, however, that such modality (s) can be practiced without these specific details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of a block diagram to facilitate the description of one or more modalities.

[0034] As used in this application, the terms component, "module", "system", and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity whether it is hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or running software . For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a flow of execution, a program, and / or a computer. As an illustration, both an application running on a computing device, and the device

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12/61 of computing, may constitute a component. One or more components can reside within a process and / or flow of execution and a component can be located on a computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can run from various computer-readable media having multiple data structures stored in them. Components can communicate via local and / or remote processes such as according to a signal having one or more data packets (for example, data from one component interacting with another component on a local, distributed, and / or over a network such as the Internet with other systems using the signal).

[0035] Additionally, several modalities are described here in connection with an access terminal. An access terminal can also be called a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile device, remote station, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent , user device, or user equipment (UE). An access terminal can be a cell phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) handset, a wireless local loop station (WLL), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a hand held device wireless capability, computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem. In addition, several modalities are described here in connection with a base station. A base station

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13/61 can be used to communicate with mobile device (s) and can also be referred to as an access point, Node B, or some other terminology.

[0036] In addition, several aspects or features described here can be implemented as a method, device, or industrial product using standard engineering and / or programming techniques. The term "industrial product" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier or media. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disk, floppy, magnetic tape, etc.), optical discs (eg, laser disc (CD), digital disc (DVD), etc.), smart cards, flash memory devices (eg EPROM, card, stick, key drive, etc.). In addition, the various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" may include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or transferring instruction (s) and / or data.

[0037] With reference now to Figure 1, a wireless communication system 100 is illustrated according to the various modalities presented here. System 100 comprises a base station 102 that can include multiple antenna groups. For example, one antenna group can include antennas 104 and 106, another group can comprise antennas 108 and 110, and an additional group can include

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14/61 antennas 112 and 114. Two antennas are illustrated for each group of antennas; however, a greater or lesser number of antennas can be used for each group. Base station 102 further includes a chain of transmitters and a chain of receivers, each of which may in turn comprise a plurality of components associated with signal transmission and reception (for example, processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas, etc.), as will be considered by those skilled in the art.

[0038] The corresponding sector of base station 102 can communicate with one or more access terminals such as access terminal 116 and access terminal 122; however, it must be considered that base station 102 can communicate substantially with any number of access terminals similar to access terminals 116 and 122. Access terminals 116 and 122 can be, for example, cell phones, smart phones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radio, global positioning systems, PDAs, and / or any other device suitable for communication via wireless communication system 100. As illustrated, access terminal 116 is in communication with antennas 112 and 114, where antennas 112 and 114 transmit information to access terminal 116 via a direct link 118 and receive information from access terminal 116 via a reverse link 120. In addition, access terminal 122 is in communication with antennas 104 and 106, where antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to the terminal

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15/61 of access 122 through a direct link 124 and receive information from access terminal 122 through a reverse link 126. In a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, direct link 118 can use a range of frequency different from that used by reverse link 120, and direct link 124 may employ a different frequency range than that used by reverse link 126, for example. Additionally, in a time division duplex (TDD) system, forward link 118 and reverse link 120 may use a common frequency range; and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 may use a common frequency range.

[0039] Each group of antennas and / or the area in which they are designated for communication can be referred to as a base station sector 102, or as an eNB cell. For example, antenna groups can be designated for communication with access terminals in a sector of the areas covered by base station 102. In communication via direct links 118 and 124, the transmitting antennas of base station 102 can use beam formation to improve the signal / noise ratio of direct links 118 and 124 to access terminals 116 and 122. In addition, although base station 102 uses beamforming for transmission to access terminals 116 and 122 scattered randomly through an associated cover, access terminals in neighboring cells may be subject to less interference compared to a base station transmitting through a single antenna to all its access terminals.

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[0040] System 100 can be a system based on Long Term Evolution (LTE), for example. In such a system 100, the corresponding sectors of the base station 102 can control the uplink power levels used by the access terminals 116 and 122. Therefore, system 100 can provide uplink power control (UL) which produces loss of path and shading compensation (for example, loss of path and shading may change slowly over time) and variable interference compensation. with time from adjacent cells (for example, since system 100 can be an LTE-based system that uses frequency 1 reuse). In addition, system 100 can mitigate the large variations in reception power obtained at base station 102 by users (for example, since users can be multiplexed within a common band). In addition, system 100 can compensate for multipath fade variations at sufficiently low speeds. For example, the channel coherence time for 3 km / h at different carrier frequencies can be as follows: a carrier frequency of 900 MHz can have a coherence time of 400 ms, a carrier frequency of 2 GHz can have a coherence time of 180 ms, and a carrier frequency of 3 GHz can have a coherence time of 120 ms. Thus, depending on the latency and periodicity of the adjustments, rapid fading effects can be corrected with low Doppler frequencies.

[0041] System 100 can employ uplink power control that combines the control mechanisms of

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17/61 open-loop and closed-loop power. According to an example, open loop power control can be used by each access terminal 116, 122 to adjust the power levels of a first preamble of a Random Access Channel (RACH) communication. For the first preamble of a RACH, each access terminal 116, 122 may have obtained downlink (DL) communication (s) from base station 102, and the open loop mechanism can enable each access terminal 116, 122 to select an uplink transmit power level that is inversely proportional to a receive power level related to the downlink communication (s) obtained. In this way, knowledge of the downlink can be used by the access terminals 116, 122 for uplink transmissions. The open-loop mechanism can allow very rapid adaptation to severe changes in radio conditions (for example, depending on the reception power filtration) through instantaneous power adjustments. In addition, the open-loop mechanism can continue to operate beyond RACH processing unlike conventional techniques often employed. The closed loop mechanism can be used by the system

100 when the random access procedure has been successful. For example, closed loop techniques can be employed when periodic uplink resources have been allocated to access terminals 116, 122 (for example, periodic uplink resources can be Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resources or Signal resources Sound Reference System (SRS) In addition, the corresponding sectors on base station 102 (and / or a network) can

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18/61 control the uplink transmission power used by access terminals 116, 122 based on closed loop control.

[0042] The closed loop mechanism employed by the 100 system can be periodic, aperiodic or a combination of the two. Periodic closed-loop corrections can be transmitted by the corresponding sector on base station 102 to access terminals 116, 122 periodically (for example, once every 0.5 ms, 1 ms, 2 ms, 4 ms, etc.). For example, the frequency may depend on the frequency of uplink transmissions. In addition, periodic corrections can be single-bit corrections (for example, ascending / descending, ± 1 dB, etc.) and / or multi-bit corrections (for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, etc.). In this way, the power control step and the frequency of corrections can determine a maximum rate of change of uplink power that the corresponding sector in base station 102 (and / or the network) can control. According to another example, aperiodic corrections can be sent from the corresponding sector at base station 102 to corresponding access terminals 116, 122 as needed. After this example, these corrections can be transmitted periodically when triggered by a network measure (for example, receiving power (RX) outside a certain range, opportunity to send control information to a specific access terminal, etc.). In addition, aperiodic corrections can be single bit and / or multiple bits (for example, corrections can be multiple bits since a significant portion of the

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19/61 overhead associated with aperiodic corrections can relate to correction programming more properly than correction size). According to yet another example, aperiodic corrections can be transmitted by the corresponding sector at base station 102 to access terminals 116, 122 in addition to periodic corrections to minimize the overhead incurred in transmitting these power settings.

[0043] Turning now to Figure 2, a system 200 is illustrated that controls the level (s) of uplink power employed by the access terminal (s) in a wireless communication environment based on LTE. System 200 includes a sector at a base station 202 that can communicate substantially with any number of access terminal (s) (not shown). In addition, the sector at base station 202 may include a received power monitor 204 that assesses the power level (s) associated with the uplink signal (s) obtained from the access terminal (s). In addition, the sector at base station 202 may comprise an uplink power adjuster (UL) 206 that uses the analyzed power level (s) to generate command (s) to change access terminal power levels.

[0044] Several physical channels (PHY) 208 can be leveraged for communication between the base station 202 and the access terminal (s); these physical channels 208 may include physical downlink channels and physical uplink channels. Examples of physical downlink channels include Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and

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Common Power Control (CPCCH). The PDCCH is a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) DL control channel (for example, assigning PHY layer resources for DL ​​or UL transmission) that has a capacity of approximately 30-60 bits and is protected by verification cyclic redundancy (CRC). The PDCCH can carry uplink leases and downlink assignments. PDSCH is a DL shared data channel; PDSCH can be a DL data channel shared between different users. The CPCCH is transmitted in the DL to multiple access terminals controlling UL power. The corrections sent in the CPCCH can be single or multiple bits. Additionally, the CPCCH can be a specific instantiation of the PDCCH. Examples of physical uplink channels include the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), the Shared Physical Uplink Channel (PUSCH), the Sound Reference Signal (SRS), and the Random Access Channel (RACH). The PUCCH includes the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) report, the ACK channel and UL requests. PUSCH is a shared UL data channel. The SRS may lack information and may enable the channel's sound on the UL to allow the channel to be sampled through partial or total system bandwidth. It must be considered that the claimed study material is not limited to these exemplary physical channels 208.

[0045] The received power monitor 204 and the power adjuster of UL 206 can provide closed-loop power control for uplink transmissions made by the access terminal (s). Operation in the LTE system can cause transmissions in a given

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21/61 time through bandwidths that can be significantly less than the total bandwidth of the system 200. Each access terminal can transmit through a small portion of the total bandwidth of the system 200 at a given time. In addition, frequency hopping can be employed by the access terminals; thus, the corresponding sector at base station 202 may encounter difficulty when trying to assess the adjustments to be made to the uplink power levels of the access terminals. Therefore, a suitable closed-loop power control mechanism provided by the received power monitor 204 and the UL 206 power adjuster constructs a broadband reception power estimate from the transmissions through possible multiple instants and possibly on multiple PHY channels of UL enabling the appropriate correction of loss of path and shading effects regardless of the transmission bandwidth of the access terminal at any time.

[0046] The received power monitor 204 constructs the broadband reception power estimate from channel sampling based on access terminal transmissions in a variety of ways. For example, the received power monitor 204 may employ PUSCH for sampling. After this example, the PUSCH transmission band is located in a given partition. Diverse frequency programming can employ a pseudo-random hop pattern to the transmission band at partition boundaries and possibly through retransmissions to fully exploit diversity

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22/61 frequency. PUSCH transmissions exploiting selective frequency programming will not employ a frequency hopping pattern in the transmission data and therefore may require a long time to sample the channel on all (or most) frequencies. In addition, selective frequency programming can leverage the transmission of an SRS or PUCCH. Selective frequency programming is a programming strategy exploring channel selectivity; for example, selective frequency programming tries to confine transmissions in the best sub-bands. This programming strategy may be relevant for low mobility access terminals. In addition, these transmissions are typically unique to frequency hopping techniques. Diverse frequency programming is a different programming strategy employing the entire bandwidth of the system (for example, modulating the minimum transmission bandwidth capacity, etc.) to naturally obtain frequency diversity. Transmissions associated with different frequency programming can be associated with frequency hopping. In addition, frequency hopping may include changing the transmission frequency of a waveform in a pseudo-random way to explore frequency diversity from a channel's point of view as well as from an interference point of view.

[0047] According to another example, the received power monitor 204 can use the PUCCH to sample the UL channel and, therefore, construct the broadband reception power estimate. The PUCCH transmission band can also be located on a

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23/61 determined partition with jump in the partition limit in each transmission time interval (TTI). A busy band may depend on whether there is PUSCH transmission at a specific TTI. When the PUSCH is transmitted via a given TTI, the control information that would be transmitted via the PUCCH can be transmitted in band with the rest of the data transmission (for example, to retain the single carrier property of the UL waveform ) through PUSCH. When the PUSCH is not transmitted via a specific TTI, the PUCCH can be transmitted via a localized band set aside for PUCCH transmission at the edges of the system band.

[0048] According to another illustration, SRS transmissions can be used by the received power monitor 204 to sample the channel and construct the broadband reception power estimate. The transmission band (over time) of the SRS can be substantially equal to the total system band (or the minimum transmission bandwidth capacity of the access terminal). In a given SC-FDMA symbol (for example, symbols SC-FDMA is a minimum transmission unit in the UL of LTE), the transmission can be located (for example, covering a set of consecutive sub-barriers that jump gradually) or distributed (for example, example, covering the integral system band or a portion of it, which may or may not skip, etc.).

[0049] The received power monitor 204 constructs the broadband reception power estimate from the sampling of the channel across the width of

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24/61 integral system band. However, depending on the way in which the channel is sampled and / or whether the frequency hop is applied to transmissions, the time period to construct the broadband reception power estimate from the UL channel sampling by the monitor of received power 204 may vary.

[0050] PUCCH transmissions when there is no UL data occur at the edges of the system band. The transmission of the PUCCH where there is UL data can be located in band with the transmission of data through the PUSCH. In addition, PUSCH transmissions may not change the transmission frequency or may not be jumping at all to explore UL's selective frequency programming; however, to enable selective frequency programming, SRS transmissions can be leveraged for FDD / TDD systems. In addition, when PUSCH uses different frequency programming, frequency hopping is applied to transmissions.

[0051] In addition, based on the channel sampling performed by the received power monitor 204, the UL 206 power adjuster can generate a command that can change the UL power level employed by a specific access terminal. The command can be a single bit correction (for example, ascending / descending, ± 1 dB, etc.) and / or a multiple bit correction (for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, etc.).

In addition, the UL 206 power adjuster (and / or the sector at the corresponding base station 202) can transmit the generated command to the access terminal to which the command is intended.

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[0052] Additionally, the access terminal (s) can be individually associated with a specific state at a certain time. Examples of access terminal states include LTE_IDLE, LTE_ACTIVE and

LTE_ACTIVE_CPC. However, it must be considered that the claimed study material is not limited to these illustrative states.

[0053] LTE_IDLE is an access terminal state where the access terminal does not have a unique cell ID. Although in the LTE_IDLE state, the access terminal may lack a connection to base station 202. In addition, changing to LTE_ACTIVE from LTE_IDLE can be done by updating RACH.

[0054] LTE_ACTIVE is an access terminal state where the access terminal has a unique cell ID.

Additionally, when in the LTE_ACTIVE state, the access terminal can actively transfer data via uplink and / or downlink. Access terminals in this state have dedicated UL resources (for example, CQI, SRS that are transmitted periodically, etc.). According to an example, access terminals in the LTE_ACTIVE state can employ discontinuous transmission / discontinuous reception (DTX / DRX) procedures with a cycle not expected to be much longer than approximately ms or 40 ms. Access terminals in this initial state are PUSCH transmissions, whether directly in response to DL activity (for example, possibly with an in-band UL grant and DL data or via the PDCCH) or by sending a UL request through the PUCCH. In addition, users in this state can be

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26/61 access terminals with an active change of UL / DL data taking place or access terminals running a high Service Category (GoS) application (for example, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), etc.).

[0055] LTE_ACTIVE_CPC (Continuous Packet Connectivity) is a substation of LTE_ACTIVE where the access terminals maintain their unique cell ID, but where the dedicated UL resources have been released. The use of LTE_ACTIVE_CPC makes it possible to extend battery life. The access terminals in that substate initiate transmissions either in response to DL activity (for example, possibly with a UL concession in band with DL data or through the PDCCH, etc.) or by sending a request for UL through of RACH. The initial transmission power can be based on an open loop mechanism (for example, response to DL activity) or a last successful preamble (for example, RACH).

[0056] With reference to Figure 3, a system 300 is illustrated which periodically corrects an uplink power level employed by an access terminal. System 300 includes base station 202 that communicates with an access terminal 302 (and / or any number of different access terminals (not shown)). Access terminal 302 comprises a UL 304 power manager, which further includes an UL 306 power initiator. In addition, access terminal 302 includes a periodic transmitter of UL 308. Base station 202 further includes the received power monitor 204 and the power adjuster of UL 206; received power monitor 204 further comprises a periodic corrector 310.

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[0057] Periodic corrector 310 generates periodic power control commands (for example, periodic transmission power control commands (TPC), periodic corrections, etc.) to be transferred to access terminal 302. In addition, periodic corrector 310 can transmit periodic power control commands to access terminal 302 (and / or any different access terminal (s)) at any periodicity (for example, 0.5 ms, 1 ms, 2 ms, 4 ms, etc.); however, it is considered that the UL 206 power adjuster and / or base station 202 can transmit such periodic power control commands.

In addition, the periodic corrector 310 can produce a single bit correction (for example, ascending / descending, ± 1 dB, etc.) and / or a multiple bit correction (for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, etc.). For example, if periodic corrections are sent from periodic corrector 310 at a higher frequency, then single-bit corrections are more likely to be employed, and vice versa.

[0058] The UL 304 power manager controls the uplink power level employed by the access terminal 302 for uplink transmissions. The UL 304 manager can receive periodic power control commands from base station 202 and change the uplink power level used for transmission based on the obtained commands. According to another illustration, the UL 306 power initiator can define an initial uplink transmit power. The UL 306 power starter can employ a

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28/61 open loop mechanism to determine the initial uplink transmission power based on downlink activity, for example. Additionally or alternatively, the UL 306 power initiator can assign the initial uplink power level to a power level associated with a previous successful preamble (eg, RACH) (eg, immediately preceding, etc.).

[0059] The UL 308 periodic transmitter can send periodic transmissions via the uplink to base station 202. For example, the UL 308 periodic transmitter can operate while access terminal 302 is in the LTE_ACTIVE state. In addition, the periodic transmissions transferred by the UL 308 periodic transmitter can be a set of SRS transmissions; however, it must be considered that the claimed study material is not limited since any type of periodic uplink transmission can be employed (for example, periodic CQI transmissions, periodic PUCCH transmissions, etc.). Thus, the UL 308 periodic transmitter can send SRS transmissions via the uplink to sonorize the channel across the total system bandwidth since SRS transmissions can be beep signals; therefore, while enabling uplink frequency selective programming, the beeper can be used to compute closed-loop corrections for UL power control. The transmissions sent by the UL 308 periodic transmitter can be received and / or employed by the received power monitor 204 from base station 202 in connection with channel sampling. Besides that,

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29/61 the power adjuster of UL 206 and / or periodic corrector 310 can generate commands corresponding to such sampling.

[0060] According to an illustration, the periodicity of UL transmissions sent by the UL 308 periodic transmitter from the access terminal 302 can be linked to the DL TPC command transmission cycle employed by the periodic broker 310 to the access terminal 302 ; therefore, access terminals with different UL transmission intervals can be sent DL TPC commands with different transmission cycles. In addition, the frequency of UL transmissions can correlate to a number of bits allocated for access terminal power adjustments produced by the periodic broker 310, used for a specific access terminal (for example, access terminal 302, etc. ). For example, a mapping between the number of bits allocated for uplink power control correction and a periodic uplink transmission rate (for example, SRS transmission rate, PUCCH transmission rate, etc.) can be predetermined. After this example, a 200 Hz periodic uplink transmission rate can map to bit, a 100 Hz rate can map to 1 bit, a 50 Hz rate can map to 2 bits, a 25 Hz rate can map to 2 bits, and a rate of 0 Hz can map to x> 2 bits. According to the aforementioned example, the number of bits allocated for power settings at the access terminal becomes larger as the periodic uplink transmission rate decreases. At the limit for a periodic uplink transmission rate of 0 Hz (for example, no SRS, PUCCH transmission, etc.), the setting

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30/61 power can be x> 2 bits, which can be the case for open-loop transmissions with closed-loop settings activated on the basis of when needed

[0061] The periodic broker 310 can send corrections on a periodic basis to substantially all users in the LTE_ACTIVE state associated with base station 202. According to an example, the users to whom the periodic broker 310 sends commands can be grouped with based, for example, on the requirements of GoS, DRX / DTX cycle and displacement, and so on. The transmission of the power control commands to the user group can be done by the periodic broker 310 in a specific instantiation of the PDCCH that can be denoted CPCCH or TPC-PDCCH. According to another illustration, the periodic broker 310 can use in-band signaling for a group of users, where the group size can be greater than or equal to 1. The overhead associated with the periodic correction can be based on the number of bits that the correction requires and the associated control (if any) required to transmit the information to the relevant access terminals.

[0062] For the transfer of transmission power control (TPC) commands through the PDCCH through the periodic corrector 310, a payload of 32 bits and a CRC of 8 bits can be used. For example, 32 single-bit TPC commands in a 1 ms interval can be used for a PDCCH present. Thus, 320 users in the LTE_ACTIVE state can be supported at 100 Hz using a single PDCCH in each PTI assuming that FDD is employed. Consequently, corrections

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31/61 single bit can be provided every 10 ms, which can allow for corrections of 100 dB / s. According to another example, 16 dual bit TPC commands can be used in an interval of 1 ms. In this way, 320 users can be supported in the LTE_ACTIVE state with 50 Hz using a single PDCCH in each TTI assuming that FDD is employed. Therefore, dual bit corrections every 20 ms allow for corrections of 100 dB / s.

[0063] Turning now to Figure 4, a system 400 is illustrated, which periodically transfers power control commands to the access terminals in an LTE-based wireless communication environment. System 400 includes base station 202 that communicates with access terminal 302 (and / or any number of different access terminal (s) (not shown). Base station 202 includes received power monitor 204 and UL 206 power adjuster, which further comprises an aperiodic corrector 402. In addition, access terminal 302 includes UL 304 power manager, which also includes a receiver for aperiodic command 404.

[0064] Aperiodic corrector 402 can generate a power control command directed to access terminal 302 on the basis of when needed. using data from the received power monitor 204 such as the received power being outside a certain range, etc.). Aperiodic broker 402 can determine that an uplink power level of access terminal 302 deviates from a target in a

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32/61 specific time; thus, aperiodic corrector 402 can send a command to adjust that power level in response. In addition, aperiodic correction 402 can produce a single bit correction (for example, ascending / descending, ± 1 dB, etc.) and / or a multiple bit correction (for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB, ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB).

[0065] The aperiodic control receiver 404 can obtain corrections sent by aperiodic corrector 402 (and / or UL 206 power adjuster and / or corresponding sector at base station 202 in general). For example, the aperiodic command receiver 404 can decipher that a specific correction sent by the corresponding sector at base station 202 is intended for access terminal 302. In addition, based on the corrections obtained, the aperiodic control receiver 404 and / or the UL 304 power manager can change an uplink power level employed by the access terminal 302.

[0066] Aperiodic corrections of the uplink power levels employed by the access terminal 302 and produced by the aperiodic corrector 402 can be based on trigger. In this way, aperiodic corrections can be associated with greater overhead compared to periodic corrections due to the unicast nature of aperiodic corrections. Additionally, according to an example where multi-bit aperiodic corrections are employed, these corrections can be mapped to a specific instantiation of the PDCCH (for example, in which case the power correction can be transmitted as part of the DL assignment or power concession). UL) or a pair of

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PDCCH / PDSCH (for example, in which case the power correction can be transmitted alone or in band with another data transmission).

[0067] With reference now to Figure 5, a system 500 is illustrated that groups the access terminals for sending power control commands through a downlink. System 500 includes base station 202 that communicates with an access terminal 1 502, an access terminal 2 504, ..., and an access terminal N 506, where N can be any integer. Each access terminal 502-506 can further include a respective UL power manager (for example, access terminal 1 502 includes a UL 1 508 power manager, access terminal 2 504 includes a UL 2 510 power manager, ..., access terminal N 506 includes a UL N 512 power manager). In addition, the corresponding sector at base station 202 may comprise the received power monitor 204, UL 206 power adjuster and an access terminal (AT) grouper 514 that combines a subset of access terminals 502-506 into one group to transmit power control commands via the downlink.

[0068] The AT 514 grouper can group the 502-506 access terminals as a function of several factors. For example, the AT 514 cluster can assign one or more access terminals 502-506 to a group based on the DRX cycle and phase. According to another illustration, the AT 514 cluster can allocate access terminal (s) 502506 to groups based on the periodic transmission rates of uplink (eg, SRS transmission rate, PUCCH transmission interval, ...) employed through the terminals

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34/61 access 502-506. By combining subsets of access terminals 502-506 in different groups, the transmission of power control commands by the UL 206 power adjuster on the DL via the PDCCH (or CPCCH) can be performed more efficiently (for example, by sending power control commands for multiple access terminals grouped together in a common message). As an example, the AT 514 grouper can form groups for use with periodic uplink power control, however, the claimed study material is not so limited.

[0069] According to an illustration, the access terminal 1 502 can employ a transmission rate of 200 Hz for SRS transmission, the access terminal 2 504 can use a transmission rate of 50 Hz for SRS transmission, and the terminal access point N 506 can use a transmission rate of 100 Hz for SRS transmission. The AT 514 cluster can recognize these respective transmission rates (for example, using signals obtained via the received power monitor 204, etc.). Thereafter, the AT 514 cluster can assign the access terminal 1 502 and the access terminal N 506 to a group A (together with any other access terminal (s) employing transmission rates of 100 Hz or 200 Hz). The AT 514 cluster can also allocate access terminal 2 504 (and any different access terminal (s) that employ transmission rates of 25 Hz or 50 Hz) to a group B. However, it should be considered that the material in question claimed study is not limited to the aforementioned illustration. Additionally, the AT 514 grouper can

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35/61 assign group IDs to each of the groups (for example, for use in PDCCH or CPCCH). From the assignment of access terminals 502-506 to the respective groups, the commands sent by the UL 206 power adjuster can employ downlink resources corresponding to a specific group associated with a desired receiver access terminal. For example, the AT 514 cluster and the UL 26 power adjuster can operate together to send TPC commands to multiple 502-506 access terminals on each PDCCH transmission. In addition, each UL 508-512 power manager can recognize appropriate PDCCH transmission (s) to listen for to obtain the TPC command (s) addressed to it (for example, based on the corresponding group IDs, etc.) .

[0070] Turning now to Figure 6, exemplary transmission structures are illustrated for communicating power control commands to groups of access terminals. For example, transmission structures can be used for PDCCH transmissions.

Two exemplary transmission structures are illustrated (for example, transmission structures 600 and transmission structures 602), however, the claimed subject matter is considered not to be limited to these modalities. The transmission structures 600 and 602 can reduce overhead by grouping the power control commands for multiple users in each PDCCH transmission. As illustrated, the transmission structure 600 groups the power control commands for users in the group

A from a first PDCCH transmission and power control commands for users in group B from

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36/61 a second PDCCH transmission. Additionally, both the first and the second PDCCH transmission include a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). In addition, transmission structure 602 combines power control commands for users in groups A and B from a common PDCCH transmission. As an illustration, for transmission structure 602, power control commands for users in group A can be included in a first segment of the common PDCCH transmission and power control commands for users in group B can be included in a second segment of the common PDCCH transmission.

[0071] With reference to Figure 7, an exemplary timing diagram 700 is illustrated for a periodic uplink power control procedure for LTE. In 702, the power control procedures for an access terminal in the LTE_ACTIVE state are illustrated. In this case, the access terminal sends periodic SRS transmissions to a base station, and the base station responds to periodic SRS transmissions with periodic TPC commands. As shown in the illustrated example, the transmission power of the access terminal is corrected by a single TPC bit transmitted periodically in the downlink. It should be noted that periodic SRS transmissions can be replaced by periodic CQI transmissions, periodic PUCCH transmissions, and the like. Periodic CQI transmissions or periodic PUCCH transmissions may be less efficient from the point of view of channel sounding as these transmissions may not cover the entire system band; however, such

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37/61 transmissions can be leveraged for closed loop corrections based on UL measurements at the base station.

[0072] In 704, a period of inactivity for the access terminal is illustrated. After the period of inactivity (for example, predetermined or use of a time limit), the access terminal is changed to a substrate LTE_ACTIVE_CPC. In this substrate, PHY UL resources are deallocated from the access terminal; therefore, it may not be possible to use closed-loop power control when UL transmissions are resumed.

[0073] In 706, the access terminal resumes uplink transmissions. RACH is used to resume uplink transmissions using an open loop estimate. According to an example, the open loop estimate can be modified according to a last transmission power with some forgetting factor if considered advantageous. In response to the RACH sent by the access terminal, the base station can transmit a bandwidth power adjustment to the access terminal (for example, x bit power adjustment, where x can be substantially any integer).

[0074] In 708, an identity of the access terminal can be verified through the RACH procedure. Additionally, PHY UL resource reallocation can be performed (for example, along with the SRS configuration) at 708.

[0075] In 710, the access terminal is in the LTE_ACTIVE state. Therefore, the access terminal resumes periodic transmissions from the SRS. As illustrated, the

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38/61 periodicity of periodic SRS transmissions in 710 differ from periodicity of periodic SRS transmissions in 702; however, the subject matter claimed is not so limited. In response to periodic SRS transmissions, the base station sends TPC commands that in this case account for 2 bits (for example, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB). In addition, although not shown, access terminal transmissions may continue to use open loop corrections determined from the reception power level at the access terminal. Therefore, closed-loop corrections can be exclusive and / or in addition to open-loop corrections determined from changes in reception power at the access terminal.

[0076] Turning now to Figure 8, an exemplary timing diagram 800 is illustrated for an aperiodic uplink power control procedure for LTE. The power control procedures for an access terminal in the LTE_ACTIVE state are illustrated. Timing diagram 800 may require periodic uplink transmissions. In addition, power corrections can be sent from a base station to the access terminal based on the power received via PUSCH. The base station evaluates PUSCH transmissions to determine whether to perform a power adjustment. Aperiodic power settings can be used where the base station sends a message (for example, TPC command at UL grant) to the access terminal if a power setting is deemed necessary by the base station from the evaluation of a specific PUSCH transmission . When the base station determines that such a power adjustment

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39/61 is not required at a specific time for a given PUSCH transmission, the base station does not need to transmit a TPC command at that time in response to the given PUSCH transmission (for example, more properly, an ACK can be transmitted in response to the transmission Determined PUSCH, etc.). In addition, regardless of whether a TPC command is obtained by the access terminal at a given time, the access terminal can constantly rely on corrections based on an open loop mechanism. Additionally, corrections sent by the base station can be single-bit corrections and / or multi-bit corrections.

[0077] It should be considered that a similar scheme can be employed with periodic UL transmissions where corrections can be sent on the DL on a basis when needed. In this way, the access terminal can periodically send SRS transmissions on the uplink, which can be evaluated by the base station to determine the power adjustments to be made. Subsequently, based on the determination that a power adjustment is required at a specific time, the base station can send a TPC command via the downlink to the access terminal (for example, aperiodic downlink transmission of power control commands) .

[0078] The uplink power control procedures illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 include common aspects. That is, the notion of APSD (Delta Power Spectral Density) used for UL data transmissions can be used for periodic as well as aperiodic uplink power control. The APSD can provide

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40/61 maximum transmission power that is allowed for a given user to minimize an impact on adjacent cells. The APSD may evolve over time as a function, for example, of the charge indicator from adjacent cells, channel conditions, and so on. Additionally, the APSD can be reported to the access terminal (for example, in band) when possible. In LTE systems, the network can choose which MCS / Max data / pilot ratio the access terminal is allowed to transmit. The initial PSA, however, may be based on the MCS in the UL grant (for example, the relationship between the UL grant and the initial PSA may be formula based). In addition, much of the aforementioned refers to intracell power control. Other mechanisms for inter-cell power control (for example, load control) can be complementary to the mechanisms described here.

[0079] According to another illustration, periodic and aperiodic uplink power control procedures can operate in combination. After this illustration, periodic updates can be used in addition to aperiodic updates. If PUSCH transmissions are programmed, they may require corresponding PDCCH transmissions with the UL grant and, therefore, power control commands can be transmitted on the PDCCHs with the UL grants. If the PDCCH is not available, for example, for persistent UL transmissions (for example, not requiring UL grants because PHY resources are layered

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41/61 higher), then the power control commands can be transmitted on the TPC-PDDCH1. In addition, if PDSCH is programmed in the DL, then PUCCH power control (for example, CQI and ACK / NAK) may become more crucial. In such a case, the power control commands for the PUCCH can be communicated on the PDCCHs with the DL assignments. For DL ​​transmissions without associated control or for the case of no DL data activity, periodic transmissions on the TPC-DPCCH2 can be used for PUCCH power control. Consequently, power control commands can be transmitted when needed (for example, aperiodically) while making use of available resources (for example, PDCCH with UL to PUSCH concessions, PDCCH with DL to PUCCH assignments, periodic TPC commands in TPC -PDCCH that may be relevant for PUCCH and PUSCH persistently programmed, etc.).

[0080] With reference to Figures 9 and 10, methodologies related to uplink power control employing corrections in a wireless communication environment are illustrated. Although for the sake of simplicity of explanation the methodologies are shown and described as a series of actions, it should be understood, and considered, that the methodologies are not limited by the order of actions, since some actions may, according to one or more modalities, occur in different orders and / or simultaneously with other actions starting from those shown and described here. For example, those skilled in the art will understand and consider that a methodology could alternatively be represented as a series of

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42/61 interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram. In addition, not all illustrated actions may be required to implement a methodology according to one or more modalities.

[0081] With reference to Figure 9, a 900 methodology for the generation of power control commands in a wireless communication environment is illustrated. In 902, uplink transmissions can be received from an access terminal. Uplink transmissions can be Uplink Shared Physical Channel (PUSCH) transmissions, for example. According to another illustration, uplink transmissions can be from a set of periodic uplink transmissions sent by the access terminal; as such, periodic uplink transmissions can be Sound Reference Signal (SRS) transmissions, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) transmissions, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmissions, and so on. In 904, a determination can be made regarding whether to adjust an uplink power level used by the access terminal. The power level of the uplink being analyzed is associated with the received uplink transmissions. According to an example, the uplink power level can be compared to a target, and if the difference exceeds a limit, then the setting can be triggered; otherwise, if the difference is less than the limit, then the adjustment need not be made at that time. In addition, an adjustment amount for the access terminal's uplink power level can be determined. According to another illustration, a metric of

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43/61 quality can be used to determine whether to adjust the uplink power level based on the construction of a broadband reception power or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimate from the compilation of received uplink transmissions sent on uplink through the access terminal (for example, the compilation of received uplink transmissions may include periodically transmitted signals such as PUCCH, SRS, and the like, aperiodically transmitted signals such as PUSCH, etc.). If adjustment for the uplink power level is determined to be unnecessary in 904, then the 900 methodology ends. If it is determined that the uplink power level should be adjusted to 904, then the 900 methodology continues at 906. In 906, power control commands can be transmitted to the access terminal to change the uplink power level using a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink (DL) assignments ) and uplink concessions (UL). For example, the transmission of power control commands can be triggered by a measure (for example, measure of the received power level being outside a defined range, etc.) or by the opportunity to transmit a power control command (for example, example, due to the transmission of a UL concession). Based on the determination in 904, power control commands can be sent on an as-needed basis. Thus, power control commands can be transmitted when necessary and on an available channel (as opposed to a predefined fixed location and channel). For example, control commands

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44/61 power can be sent to the PDCCH with DL assignments or UL grants in a subset of times when available, and at other times power control commands can be transferred to the TPC-PDCCH when available. Each power control command can be a single-bit correction (for example, up / down, ± 1 dB, etc.) and / or multiple-bit correction (for example, 0 dB, ± 1 dB, ± 2 dB , ± 3 dB, ± 4 dB, etc.). In addition, the power control command can be mapped to a specific instantiation of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or a pair of PDCCH / PDSCH (Shared Physical Downlink Channel). In addition, the power control command can be transmitted alone or in band with other data transmissions. In addition, for example, the power control command can be sent via a unicast transmission.

[0082] The power control commands can be communicated in multiple locations. Power control commands can be sent via PDCCH with DL assignments or UL grants, for example. For example, power control commands can be sent via PDCCH with DL assignments, which can be relevant to PUCCH. In addition, power control commands can be transmitted via PDCCH with UL concessions, which can be relevant to PUSCH. According to another illustration, power control commands can be sent via PDCCH with power control commands to multiple access terminals (for example,

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45/61

Downlink Control - Transmission Power Control (TPC-PDCCH)). As such, the PDCCH can be the L1 / L2 control information channel (for example, for LTE, etc.). In this way, a first TPC-PDCCH can be associated with PUCCH and the second TPC-PDCCH can be associated with PUSCH (for example, which can be especially relevant for persistently programmed PUCCH). As an additional example, periodic updates of the uplink power level can be sent in addition to aperiodic adjustments.

[0083] Turning now to Figure 10, a 1000 methodology is illustrated for the use of power commands in a wireless communication environment. In 1002, data can be transmitted from an uplink at a power level. The data can be sent from a PUSCH, for example; in this way, the data can be transmitted aperiodically. According to an additional example, data transmissions can be made periodically (for example, related to a set of periodic transmissions such as, for example, SRS transmissions, CQI transmissions, PUCCH transmissions, etc.). In 1004, a power control command can be received via a layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information channel used for downlink assignments (DL) and uplink leases (UL). The power control command can be sent via a downlink after the occurrence of a trigger condition or by the opportunity to transmit a power control command (for example, due to the transmission of an UL concession). For example, the power control command can be transferred via the downlink when

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46/61 necessary and in an available channel unlike the techniques through which a fixed, predefined location and channel are used to communicate a power control command. After this example, the power control command can be obtained on a PDCCH with DL assignments or UL concessions the first time, while at a different time the power control command can be received on a TPC-PDCCH. In addition, the power control command sent through the control information channel L1 / L2 can be generated in an eNode B receiver based on the consideration of a broadband reception power or signal / noise ratio estimate (SNR ) from a group of signals transmitted on the uplink (for example, data transmitted from the uplink at 1002). The power control command can be a single-bit command and / or a multi-bit command. In addition, the power control command can be obtained via a PDCCH or a PDCCH / PDSCH pair. In addition, the power control command can be received as a dedicated transmission or in band with other data transmitted from a base station. As an additional illustration, the power control command can be received at multiple locations; that is, the power control command can be obtained through the PDCCH with DL assignments or UL concessions and / or through the PDCCH with power control commands for multiple access terminals (for example, TPCPDCCH). According to this illustration, a power control command obtained through the PDCCH with DL assignments may be relevant for PUCCH and a

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47/61 power control command received via PDCCH with UL concessions may be relevant for PUSCH. According to another example, two TPC-PDCCHs can be used: a first TPC-PDCCH can be used to provide power control commands relevant to PUCCH and a second TPC-PDCCH can be used to communicate power control commands relevant to PUSCH (for example, queries can be especially relevant to persistently programmed PUSCH). In 1006, the power level can be changed based on the power control command. Additionally, at a time when a power control command is not obtained, such changes to the power level need not be made. According to another example, whether or not the power control command is received and used to adjust the power level, open loop power control mechanisms can be used to change the power level. In 1008, data can be transmitted from the uplink at the changed power level. In addition, data can be transmitted at a specific time on a first power level without receiving a power control command in response, and a next data transmission from the uplink can employ the first power level. As an additional example, periodic updates to the uplink power level can be received in addition to the aperiodic adjustments.

[0084] It will be considered that, according to one or more aspects described here, inferences can be made in relation to the employee of aperiodic commands of

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48/61 power control. As used herein, the term infer or inference generally refers to the process of reasoning about or deducing states of the system, environment and / or user from a set of observations as captured through events and / or data. Inference can be used to identify a specific context or action, or it can generate a probability distribution across states, for example. The inference can be probabilistic - that is, the computation of a probability distribution across states of interest based on a consideration of data and events. The inference can also refer to the techniques used to compose higher level events from a set of events and / or data. Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions from a set of observed events and / or stored event data, whether or not the events are correlated in temporal proximity, and whether the events and data come from one or more sources. of events and data.

[0085] According to an example, one or more of the methods presented above may include making inferences regarding whether to send a power control command based on a transmission received at a base station. Upon further illustration, an inference can be made regarding the determination of when to hear a power control command being sent from a downlink. It will be considered that the following examples are of an illustrative nature and are not intended to limit the number of inferences that can be made or the form in which

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49/61 which such inferences are made in conjunction with the various modalities and / or methods described herein.

[0086] Figure 11 is an illustration of an 1100 access terminal that uses aperiodic power control commands in an LTE-based wireless communication system. The access terminal 1100 comprises a receiver 1102 that receives a signal, for example, from a receiving antenna (not shown), and performs typical actions on it (for example, filters, amplifies, converts downwards, etc.), the received signal and digitize the conditioned signal to obtain samples. The receiver 1102 can be, for example, an MMSE receiver, and can comprise a demodulator 1104 that can demodulate received symbols and provide them to a processor 1106 for channel estimation. Processor 1106 can be a processor dedicated to analyzing information received by receiver 1102 and / or generating information for transmission by a transmitter 1116, a processor that controls one or more components of the access terminal 1100, and / or a processor that analyzes information by receiver 1102, generates information for transmission by transmitter 1116, and controls one or more components of access terminal 1100.

[0087] Access terminal 1100 may additionally comprise memory 1108 which is operatively coupled to processor 1106 and which can store data to be transmitted, data received, identifier (s) assigned to access terminal 1100, information related to aperiodic commands of control, obtained, and any other information suitable for selecting whether to implement aperiodic

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50/61 power control. Memory 1108 can additionally store protocols and / or algorithms associated with deciphering whether an aperiodic power control command is directed to access terminal 1100.

[0088] It will be considered that the data storage medium (for example, memory 1108) described here can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it can include both, volatile memory and non-volatile memory. As an illustration, and not as a limitation, non-volatile memory may include read memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache memory. As an illustration and not as a limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), optimized SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1108 of the systems and methods under study is intended to be understood, without being limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0089] Receiver 1102 is additionally operatively coupled to a UL power manager

1110 which controls a power level used by the access terminal 1100 for transmission via an uplink. The UL 1110 power manager can set the uplink power level for data transmission, control signals, and so on through any type of uplink channel. The UL 1110 power manager can employ mechanisms

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51/61 open loop to select the uplink power level. In addition, the receiver 1102 and the UL 1110 power manager can be coupled to an aperiodic control receiver 1112 that evaluates aperiodic power control commands obtained by receiver 1102. Aperiodic control receiver 1112 decrypts when hearing aperiodic control commands. power controls directed to the 1100 access terminal. Additionally, the aperture control receiver 1112 determines that a specific aperture power control command must be decoded, used, etc. In addition, the aperture control receiver 1112 (and / or UL 1110 power manager) changes the uplink power level used by the access terminal 1100 as a function of the aperture control power control. The access terminal 1100 further comprises a modulator 1114 and a transmitter 1116 which transmits the signal, for example, to a base station, to another access terminal, etc. Although illustrated as being separate from processor 1106, it should be considered that the UL 1110 power manager, aperture control receiver 1112 and / or modulator 1114 may be part of processor 1106 or a number of processors (not shown).

[0090] Figure 12 is an illustration of a 1200 system for generating aperiodic power control commands in an LTE-based wireless communication environment. The system 1200 comprises a base station 1202 (e.g., access point, etc.) with a receiver 1210 that receives the signal (s) from one or more access terminals 1204 through a plurality of

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52/61 receiving antennas 1206, and a transmitter 1222 transmitting to one or more access terminals 1204 through a transmitting antenna 1208. Receiver 1210 can receive information from receiving antennas 1206 and is operatively associated with a demodulator 1212 that demodulates the information received. Demodulated symbols are analyzed by a processor 1214 that can be similar to the processor described above with respect to Figure 11, and which is coupled to a memory 1216 that stores information related to access terminal identifiers (for example, MACIDs, etc. ), data to be transmitted to access terminal (s) 1204 or received from it (or a different base station (not shown)) (for example, aperiodic power control command (s), etc.), and / or any other appropriate information related to the performance of the various actions and functions presented here. Processor 1214 is additionally coupled to a received power monitor 1218 that evaluates the uplink power levels employed by access terminal (s) 1204 based on the signals obtained at base station 1202. For example, the received power monitor 1218 can analyze an uplink power level from a PUSCH transmission. According to another illustration, the received power monitor 1218 can evaluate an uplink power level from a periodic uplink transmission.

[0091] The received power monitor 1218 can be operatively coupled to an aperiodic corrector 1220 that changes the level (s) of uplink power evaluated on a basis when necessary. The adjustments made by the aperiodic corrector 1220 can be activated based on the

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53/61 occurrence of a predetermined condition, which can be identified based on a measure. In addition, aperiodic corrector 1220 can determine the amount of adjustment to be made for the uplink power level (s) when such adjustments are deemed necessary.

In addition, aperiodic corrector 1220 can generate aperiodic power control commands that can later be sent to the corresponding access terminal (s) 1204. Aperiodic corrector 1220 can be additionally operatively coupled to a modulator 1222. Modulator 1222 can multiplex the aperiodic power control commands for transmission by a 1226 transmitter through antenna 1208 to access terminal (s) 1204. Although illustrated as being separate from processor 1214, it must be considered that the received power monitor 1218, aperture corrector 1220 and / or modulator 1222 may be part of processor 1214 or a number of processors (not shown).

[0092] Figure 13 shows an exemplary wireless communication system 1300. Wireless communication system 1300 illustrates a base station 1310 and an access terminal 1350 for the sake of brevity. However, it should be considered that the 1300 system may include more than one base station and / or more than one access terminal, wherein additional base stations and / or access terminals may be substantially similar or different from the exemplary 1310 base station and access terminal 1350, described below. In addition, it must be considered that the base station 1310 and / or the access terminal 1350 can employ the

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54/61 systems (Figures 1-5, 11-12 and 14-15), techniques / configurations (Figures 4-5) and / or methods (Figures 9-10) described here to facilitate wireless communication between them.

[0093] At base station 1310, traffic data for a number of data streams is provided from a data source 1312 to a transmission data processor (TX) 1314. According to an example, each data stream data can be transmitted via a respective antenna. The TX 1314 data processor formats, encodes, and merges the traffic data stream based on a specific coding scheme selected for that data stream to provide encrypted data.

[0094] The encoded data for each data stream can be multiplexed with pilot data using orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) multiplexing techniques. Additionally or alternatively, the pilot symbols can be multiplexed by frequency division (FDM), multiplexed by time division (TDM), or multiplexed by code division (CDM). Pilot data is typically a known data standard that is processed in a known manner and can be used at access terminal 1350 to estimate the channel response. The encoded and pilot data, multiplexed for each data stream can be modulated (for example, mapped in symbols) based on a specific modulation scheme (for example, binary phase shift switching (BPSK), phase shift switching quadrature (QPSK), M-phase shift switching (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM), etc.)

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55/61 selected for that data stream to provide modulation symbols. The data rate, encoding, and modulation for each data stream can be determined by instructions performed or provided by the 1330 processor.

[0095] The modulation symbols for the data streams can be provided to a MIMO TX 1320 processor, which can additionally process the modulation symbols (for example, for OFDM). The MIMO TX 1320 processor then provides NT modulation symbol streams for NT transmitters (TMTR) 1322a through 1322t. In various modalities, the MIMO TX 1320 processor applies beamforming weights to the symbols of the data streams and to the antenna to which the symbol is being transmitted.

[0096] Each transmitter 1322 receives and processes a stream of respective symbols to provide one or more analog signals, and additionally conditions (for example, amplifies, filters, and converts upwards) the analog signals to provide a suitable modulated signal for transmission over the MIMO channel. In addition, NT symbols modulated from transmitters 1322a to 1322t are transmitted from Nt antennas 1324a to 1324t, respectively.

[0097] At the access terminal 1350, the transmitted modulated signals are received by NR antennas 1352a to 1352r and the signal received from each antenna 1352 is provided to a respective receiver (RCVR) 1354a to 1354r. Each 1354 receiver conditions (for example, filters, amplifies, and downwards converts) a respective signal, digitizes the conditioned signal to provide samples, and processes

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56/61 additionally the samples to provide a corresponding flow of received symbols.

[0098] An RX 1360 data processor can receive and process NR symbol streams received from Nr receivers 1354 based on a specific receiver processing technique to provide NT detected symbol streams. The RX 1360 data processor can demodulate, deinterleave, and decode each detected symbol stream to retrieve traffic data for the data stream. Processing via the RX 1360 data processor is complementary to that performed by the MIMO TX 1320 processor and TX 1314 data processor at the base station 1310.

[0099] A 1370 processor can periodically determine which pre-coding matrix to use as discussed above. In addition, the 1370 processor can formulate a reverse link message comprising a matrix index portion and a category value portion.

[00100] The reverse link message can comprise several types of information regarding the communication link and / or the received data flow. The reverse link message can be processed by a TX 1338 data processor, which also receives traffic data for a number of data streams from a 1336 data source, modulated by a 1380 modulator, conditioned by 1354a transmitters. at 1354r, and transmitted back to base station 1310.

[00101] At base station 1310, signals modulated from access terminal 1350 are received

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57/61 by antennas 1324, conditioned by receivers 1322, demodulated by a demodulator 1340, and processed by an RX 1342 data processor to extract the reverse link message transmitted by the 1350 access terminal. Additionally, the 1330 processor can process the message extracted to determine which pre-coding matrix to use to determine the beam formation weights.

[00102] Processors, 1330 and 1370, can direct (for example, control, coordinate, manage, etc.) the operation at base station 1310 and access terminal 1350, respectively. Respective processors 1330 and 1370 can be associated with memory 1332 and 1372 that store program codes and data. The processors, 1330 and 1370, can also perform computations to derive pulse and frequency response estimates for the uplink and downlink, respectively.

[00103] It should be understood that the modalities described here can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or any combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, processing units can be implemented within one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) ), field programmable port arrangements (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described here, or a combination of them.

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[00104] When the modalities are implemented in software, firmware, middleware, or microcode, program code or code segments, they can be stored in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage component. A code segment can represent a procedure, a function, a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or instructions for program. A code segment can be coupled to another code segment or to a hardware circuit by passing and / or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. can be passed, sent, or transmitted using any suitable means including memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.

[00105] For a software implementation, the techniques described here can be implemented with modules (for example, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described here. The software codes can be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit can be implemented inside the processor or external to the processor, in which case it can be communicatively coupled to the processor through various means as is known in the art.

[00106] With reference to Figure 14, a 1400 system is illustrated that enables the production of power control commands for use by the control terminals.

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59/61 access in a wireless communication environment. For example, the 1400 system can reside at least partially within a base station. It should be considered that the 1400 system is represented as including function blocks, which can be function blocks that represent functions implemented by a processor, software or a combination of them (for example, firmware). The 1400 system includes a logical grouping 1402 of electrical components that can act together. For example, logical cluster 1402 may include an electrical component to obtain uplink transmissions from an access terminal at an uplink power level 1404. Additionally, logical cluster 1402 may comprise an electrical component to assess whether the level changes of uplink power used by access terminal 1406. In addition, logical grouping 1402 may include an electrical component to send power control commands through an L1 / L2 control information channel used for downlink (DL) assignments and uplink leases (UL), where the commands Power control units adjust the uplink power level by a specified amount 1408. For example, power control commands can be generated and transmitted on an as-needed basis. In addition, the 1400 system may include a memory 1410 that holds instructions for performing functions associated with electrical components 1404, 1406, and 1408. While shown to be external to memory 1410, it should be understood that one or more of electrical components 1404, 1406, and 1408 can exist within memory 1410.

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[00107] Turning to Figure 15, a 1500 system is illustrated that enables the use of power control commands in a wireless communication environment. The 1500 system can reside within an access terminal, for example. As illustrated, the 1500 system includes function blocks that can represent functions implemented by a processor, software, or combination thereof (for example, firmware). System 1500 includes logical grouping 1502 of electrical components that can act together. Logical grouping 1502 can include an electrical component for sending data from an uplink at power level 1504. In addition, logical grouping 1502 can include an electrical component for obtaining a power control command via an input channel. L1 / L2 control information used for downlink (DL) assignments and uplink leases (UL) 1506. In addition, logical grouping 1502 may include an electrical component for changing the power level for subsequent data transmission as a function of the power control command 1508. According to another illustration, the power level can additionally or alternatively be changed for subsequent data transmission based on an open loop power control mechanism. In addition, system 1500 may include a memory 1510 that holds instructions for performing functions associated with electrical components 1504, 1506, and 1508. While shown to be external to memory 1510, it should be understood that electrical components 1504, 1506, and 1508 can exist within memory 1510.

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[00108] What has been described above includes examples of one or more modalities. Of course, it is not possible to describe each conceivable combination of components or methodologies for the purposes of describing the aforementioned modalities, but those skilled in the art may recognize that many additional combinations and permutations of various modalities are possible. Consequently, the modalities described are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that are understood within the spirit and scope of the attached claims. In addition, to the extent that the term includes is used either in the detailed description or in the claims, such a term is intended to be inclusive in a form that is similar to the term comprising as comprising is interpreted when used as a transitional word in a claim.