Drilling device comprising a drive body with nozzles

0001"Boring device with a driving body with nozzles"

0002The invention relates to an apparatus for producing or expanding wells in the Naßbohrverfahren using a propelled body equipped with nozzles and takes the priority of the German patent application 101 21 564.9, to which reference is made.

0003Wet or mud drilling methods typically utilize a nozzle-equipped propulsion body for making a well bore or expanding a pilot bore. Self-propelled ram boring machines or drill heads driven by a linkage as well as drawn and / or expander heads provided with a thrust drive are used as propulsion bodies. In order to reduce the soil not only mechanically, but also hydraulically and at the same time demand against the advancing direction, it is known to provide such propulsion body with nozzles. These nozzles are normally screwed into a corresponding thread in the propulsion body and, depending on their configuration, provide different jets, for example in the form of a full cone or a sharp full jet, but in any case a constant ray image. This also applies to rotating driving bodies, which are provided with a steering surface, a so-called inclined surface head. If the nozzle axis coincides with the axis of rotation, then the beam pattern does not change, while with eccentrically arranged nozzles, the beam sweeps an annular surface during the rotation. In the case of a curved bore, however, it is necessary to interrupt the rotation of the driving body. The nozzles then act as stationary nozzles until the cornering has ended and the propulsion body is set in rotation again. while in the case of eccentrically arranged nozzles, the jet sweeps an annular surface during the rotation. In the case of a curved bore, however, it is necessary to interrupt the rotation of the driving body. The nozzles then act as stationary nozzles until the cornering has ended and the propulsion body is set in rotation again. while in the case of eccentrically arranged nozzles, the jet sweeps an annular surface during the rotation. In the case of a curved bore, however, it is necessary to interrupt the rotation of the driving body. The nozzles then act as stationary nozzles until the cornering has ended and the propulsion body is set in rotation again.

0004In order to take account of different soil conditions in the mechanical-hydraulic soil degradation, the only option is to replace the nozzles according to the respective changing soil conditions. This is time consuming and expensive.

0005The invention seeks to remedy this situation and in particular to increase the intensity of the hydromechanical soil degradation.

0006To achieve this, the invention proposes a drilling device of the type mentioned, whose propulsion body is provided with movably mounted nozzles. The nozzles can perform a wobbling motion or be rotatable about their longitudinal axis or transversely mounted to their longitudinal axis. As the nozzle drive, the rinsing liquid can serve, for example, so that it is supplied obliquely with respect to the nozzle axis and their horizontal component so as to set the nozzle in rotation.

0007If it is a full jet nozzle, then forms during the nozzle movement, a jet cone, which cyclically sweeps the soil and above all soil components with lower rock hardness and strength dissolves. Their composite and supporting effect is lost and unfold the subsequently dissolved harder components a strong abrasive effect on less hard rock components. The effect of mining also has the effect that the nozzle jet cyclically acts on the soil as a result of its rotation and, accordingly, a rapid change of loading and unloading phases, which is associated with a erosion of the rock or soil. Due to the rapid change of loading and unloading phases, the rock degradation is significantly stronger than with rigid nozzle systems.

0008The nozzles according to the invention can also be arranged on a rotating drive body, for example a drill head driven via a linkage. In this case, the movements of the nozzles and the rotation of the drill head are superimposed, which is associated with an intensification of soil degradation.

0009The nozzles can all rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions, so as to influence the degradation conditions and to take into account the different soil parameters.

0010Preferably, the nozzle axes extend at an angle, for example at a slight angle to the longitudinal axis of the driving body or the drilling direction; they can also be aligned individually or partially against the advancing direction in order to improve the discharge of the dissolved soil. The number and orientation of the nozzles expediently depends on the desired borehole cross section, in order to avoid the emergence of undesired lateral outcrossings.

0011Depending on their arrangement and pressurization with fluid, the nozzles according to the invention can also serve to influence the drilling direction.

0012The drive fluid for the nozzle rotation is preferably the rinsing fluid. To make this possible, venturi or high-pressure nozzles are particularly suitable.

0013The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. In the drawing: Fiq. 1 is a plan view of a drill head provided with a steering surface,

00142 shows the drill head of FIG. 1 in a side view,

00153 a steering head with three nozzles,

0016Fig. 4 is a side view of the steering head of Fig. 3 and

0017Fig. 5 is an axial longitudinal section through a nozzle body.

0018In the steering head 1 of FIG. 1 is a drill head, which is usually arranged at the end of a linkage and driven by means of a rotary-thrust drive rotating in the ground. The steering head 1 has a sloping with respect to the steering head axis 2 extending steering surface 3, the effect is repealed, as long as the linkage rotates with the steering head 1. Once the Gestängerotation is interrupted, the steering surface 3 comes into effect in such a way that the drill head is deflected.

0019In the steering surface 3 opens a nozzle 4, which is supplied via a pipe leading to the drill pipe 5 with hydraulic fluid. The nozzle is rotatably mounted in a housing 6 and has a turbine drive, not shown, which allows to set the nozzle by means of the supplied via the line 5 rinsing or cutting fluid in rotation.

0020The steering head 7 shown in Figs. 3 and 4 differs from the steering head according to FIGS. 1 and 2 only in that it is equipped with three rotating nozzles 8, 9, 10. These nozzles can rotate in different directions and with different or the same direction of rotation as the steering head 7. Since the nozzles have their own supply lines 11, 12, they can also be operated with different fluids and / or different fluid pressure. Thus, it is possible to bring a bentonite / water suspension via one of the nozzles and a rinsing liquid via the two other nozzles or to produce a cutting jet with one of the nozzles.

0021In the nozzle housing 6 can also be arranged only schematically nozzle body 13 with an outlet opening 14, in which a staggering nozzle 15 is arranged. The nozzle 15 is seated in the receptacle 16 of a nozzle holder 17, which is supported via a ball 18 in an open receptacle 19 of the nozzle holder 17 on a concave bearing plate 20. The bearing plate 20 touches - differently than shown - usually the bearing ball 18 of the nozzle holder 17, which is at rest at a small distance from the outlet opening 14. The bearing plate is arranged axially movable in a chamber 21 of the nozzle body 13; it has two approximately in the axial direction, in Fig. 5 only indicated holes 22 and moves under the influence of a flowing through a pipe 23 in a chamber 24 liquid so far forward, ie in the direction of the outlet opening 14 until it comes to rest there. The bores 22 are arranged or directed such that the beams leaving them set the nozzle holder 17 in a tumbling motion and accordingly a cone-shaped jet results in front of the outlet opening 14, whose maximum opening angle in FIGS. 2 and 4 is indicated by the drawing Arrow is marked.