US7280858B2

Pulse oximetry sensor

Summary by NHIP

Pulse Oximetry Sensor with Shielded Detector

The sensor includes an emitter, detector, tape assembly, and flexible housing with a raised pocket. The housing is molded from opaque, gray, medical grade PVC and features a base aperture forming an optical cavity to reject noise while allowing light from the emitter to reach the detector.

Claim Score by NHIP

Read claim 1, the broadest

Abstract

A pulse oximetry sensor has an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site and a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from the emitter after tissue site absorption. A tape assembly is adapted to attach the emitter and detector to the tissue site. A flexible housing is disposed around and optically shields the detector.

US7280858B2, drawing sheet 1 — Sheet 1 of 11

Term

Term ended

Expired 29 September 2025, 1 year ago.

22 claims: 4 independent, 18 dependent

1
Broadest claimClaim Score 80, broad(NHIP)A pulse oximetry sensor comprising:an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site;a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from said emitter after tissue site absorption;a tape assembly adapted to attach said emitter and said detector to said tissue site;and a flexible housing defining a pocket, said pocket configured to position and optically shield said detector.
9
A pulse oximetry sensor comprising:a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from an emitter after absorption by pulsatile blood flowing within a tissue site;a shielded detector assembly having an EMI shield at least partially covering said detector;a housing assembly having a flexible housing at least partially covering said shielded detector assembly,wherein said housing defines a pocket configured to position and optically shield said detector;and a tape assembly folded around said housing assembly and adapted to attach said detector and said emitter to said tissue site.
15
A pulse oximetry sensor method comprising the steps of:providing an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site;providing a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from said emitter after absorption by pulsatile blood flowing within said tissue site;incorporating said emitter and said detector within a cable assembly adapted to provide electrical communications between said emitter and said detector and a monitor;EMI shielding said detector so as to reduce electromagnetic noise;optically shielding said EMI shielded detector with an opaque, flexible housing so as to reduce optical noise from ambient light and piped light by forming a pocket within said flexible housing and enclosing said EMI shielded detector into said pocket;and disposing said cable assembly within a tape assembly adapted to attach said emitter and said detector to a tissue site.
20
A pulse oximetry sensor comprising:an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site;a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from said emitter after tissue site absorption;a housing defining a pocket configured to position and optically shield said detector;and a wrap including cutouts configured to accommodate said housing, including a component side having foldable sides configured to fold respectively around said housing to capture sensor components including said emitter, and including a patient side opposite said component side, a portion of said patient side configured to attach said emitter and said detector to said tissue site.

Independent claims4

24 paragraphs in 5 sections, as filed

0001This application relates to and claims the benefit of prior U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/534,331 entitled Pulse Oximetry Sensor, filed Jan. 05, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

0002Pulse oximetry is a widely accepted noninvasive procedure for measuring the oxygen saturation level of arterial blood, an indicator of a person's oxygen supply. Early detection of low blood oxygen level is critical in the medical field, for example in critical care and surgical applications, because an insufficient supply of oxygen can result in brain damage and death in a matter of minutes. A pulse oximetry system consists of a sensor applied to a patient, a monitor, and a patient cable connecting the sensor and the monitor. The sensor is attached to a tissue site, such as an adult patient's finger. The sensor has an emitter configured with both red and infrared LEDs that, for finger attachment, project light through the fingernail and into the blood vessels and capillaries underneath. A detector is positioned at the finger tip opposite the fingernail so as to detect the LED emitted light as it emerges from the finger tissues. In general, the emitter is adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site, and the detector is adapted to receive optical radiation from the emitter after absorption by pulsatile blood flowing within the tissue site.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

0003There are various noise sources for a sensor including electromagnetic interference (EMI), ambient light and piped light. Light that illuminates the detector without propagating through the tissue site, such as ambient light and piped light, is unwanted optical noise that corrupts the desired sensor signal. Ambient light is transmitted to the detector from external light sources, i.e. light sources other than the emitter. Piped light is stray light from the emitter that is transmitted around a tissue site along a light conductive surface, such as a reflective inner surface of face stock material, directly to the detector. A pulse oximetry sensor advantageously provides EMI shielding and optical shielding, including multiple barriers to ambient light and piped light.

0004One aspect of a pulse oximetry sensor comprises an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site and a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from the emitter after tissue site absorption. A tape assembly is adapted to attach the emitter and detector to the tissue site. A flexible housing is disposed around and optically shields the detector.

0005Another aspect of a pulse oximetry sensor comprises a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from an emitter after absorption by pulsatile blood flowing within a tissue site. A shielded detector assembly has an EMI shield disposed around the detector. A housing assembly has a flexible housing disposed around the shielded detector assembly. A tape assembly is folded around the housing assembly and is adapted to attach the detector and emitter to the tissue site.

0006A further aspect of a pulse oximetry sensor is a method providing an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation of at least two wavelengths into a tissue site and a detector adapted to receive optical radiation from the emitter after absorption by pulsatile blood flowing within the tissue site. The emitter and detector are incorporated within a cable assembly adapted to provide electrical communications between the emitter and detector and a monitor. The detector is EMI shielded so as to reduce electromagnetic noise, and the EMI shielded detector is optically shielded with an opaque, flexible housing so as to reduce optical noise from ambient and piped light. The cable assembly is disposed within a tape assembly adapted to attach the emitter and detector to a tissue site.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

0007<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 1A-C</figref> are assembled top plan, assembled perspective and packaged perspective views, respectively, of a pulse oximetry sensor;

0008<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> is an exploded perspective view of a pulse oximetry sensor;

0009<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3A-D</figref> are shielded bottom, untaped top, untaped side and taped bottom views, respectively, of a cable assembly;

0010<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4A-F</figref> are unassembled bottom, unfolded bottom, folded top, folded side, folded bottom and light barrier covered top views, respectively, of a shielded detector assembly;

0011<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 5A-B</figref> are unassembled and assembled bottom plan views, respectively, of a housing assembly;

0012<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 6A-D</figref> are top plan views of a tape assembly;

0013<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 7A-H</figref> are top perspective, bottom perspective, top, back, side, side cross sectional, bottom, and back cross sectional views, respectively, of a housing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

0014<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 1A-C</figref> illustrate a pulse oximetry sensor 100 having a body 110, a cable 120 and a connector 130. The body 110 is configured to wrap around a fingertip and incorporates an emitter 310 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) and a detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) that provide physiological measurements responsive to a patient's blood oxygen saturation, as described above. The body 110 also incorporates a flexible housing 700 configured to enclose a shielded detector assembly 400 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>). Advantageously, the flexible housing 700 optically shields the detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>), blocking ambient and piped light. The cable 120 provides electrical communication between the emitter 310 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) and detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) and the connector 130. The connector 130 is adapted to a patient cable, which electrically and mechanically connects the sensor 100 to a monitor (not shown).

0015<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> further illustrates a pulse oximetry sensor 100 having a cable assembly 300, a shielded detector assembly 400, a housing assembly 500, a tape assembly 600 and a flexible housing 700. The cable assembly 300 has the cable 120, the emitter 310, the shielded detector assembly 400 and insulating tape 390, as described in detail with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3A-D</figref>. The shielded detector assembly 400 has the detector 350, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield 401 and a light barrier 440, as described in detail with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4A-F</figref>. The housing assembly 500 has the cable assembly 300 and the flexible housing 700, as described in detail with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 5A-B</figref>. The tape assembly 600 has a face tape 610, a trifold wrap 620 and a release liner 630, as described in detail with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 6A-D</figref>. The flexible housing 700 is described in detail with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 7A-H</figref>.

0016<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3A-D</figref> illustrate a cable assembly 300 having an emitter 310, a shielded detector assembly 400 and a cable 120. The detector 350 is incorporated within the shielded detector assembly 400. The cable 120 has an emitter portion 122 and a detector portion 124. A pair of emitter wires 123 extend from the emitter portion 122 and are soldered to corresponding emitter leads 312. A pair of detector wires 125 extend from the detector portion 124 and are soldered to corresponding detector leads 352. A cable shield 126 also extends from the detector portion 124 and is dressed for attachment to the EMI shield 401 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4A-B</figref>), as described below. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3D</figref>, insulating tape 390 is wrapped around the emitter wires 123 and emitter leads 312 at the emitter portion 122 and wrapped around the detector wires 125 and detector leads 352 at the detector portion 124.

0017<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4A-F</figref> illustrate a shielded detector assembly 400 having a detector 350, insulating tape 390 and an EMI shield 401. The EMI shield 401 has a front portion 410, a foldable back portion 420 and a cable portion 430. The front portion 410 is disposed between the back 420 and the cable 430 portions. A conductive grid 450 is disposed on the front portion 410. Foldable sides 440 extend from the side edges of the front portion 410 and the cable portion 430. Tabs 442 extend from some of the foldable sides 440. An aperture 432 is defined in the cable portion 430.

0018As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4A</figref>, the detector 350 is placed on the inside of the EMI shield 401 so that the light sensitive areas of the detector 350 are proximate the grid 450. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4B</figref>, the back portion 420 and the sides 440 are folded back to cover the detector 350. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4C-E</figref>, the tabs 442 secure the sides 440 and the back 420 in a closed position. The EMI shield 401 reduces electromagnetic interference at the detector 350. The grid 450 allows light from the emitter 410 that is attenuated by tissue to pass through to the detector 350. The cable shield 126 is placed through the aperture 432 and soldered or otherwise electrically connected to the cable portion 430 of the EMI shield 401. Any excess cable shield 126 is trimmed. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4F</figref>, a light barrier 440 is placed over the back of the EMI shield 401. In one embodiment, the light barrier 440 is a metal foil, such as aluminum.

0019<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 5A-B</figref> illustrate a housing assembly 500 having a cable assembly 300 attached to a flexible housing 700. The cable assembly 300 has an emitter 310 and the shielded detector assembly 400, as described above with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3A-D</figref> and <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4A-F</figref>, respectively. The housing 700 has an aperture 750 and an opening 760. The shielded detector assembly 400 is inserted into the housing 700 through the opening 760 and secured within a pocket 770 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7F</figref>) so that the grid 450 is aligned with the aperture 750. The aperture 750 allows emitted light to pass to the detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) via the grid 450.

0020<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 6A-D</figref> illustrate a tape assembly 600 having a face tape 610, a trifold wrap 620 and a release liner 630. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6A</figref>, the trifold wrap 620 has a center portion 621 disposed between foldable side portions 625, which are symmetrical about the center portion 621. The center portion 621 has an emitter aperture 622 and a detector aperture 624. The emitter aperture 622 passes light from the emitter 310 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6B</figref>) and the detector aperture 624 passes light to the detector 350 (not visible). The side portions 625 have cutouts 626 configured to accommodate the housing 700 when the side portions 625 are folded. The trifold wrap 620 has a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) on the component side and a Med 3044 adhesive on the center portion 621 of the patient side. The release liner 630 is removably attached to the patient side of the trifold wrap 620.

0021As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6B</figref>, the housing assembly 500 is attached to the center portion 621 on the side opposite the release liner 630 so that the emitter 310 is aligned with the emitter aperture 622 and the housing aperture 750 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5B</figref>) is aligned with the detector aperture 624. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6C</figref>, the side portions 625 are folded around the housing assembly 500 so that the housing 700 protrudes through the cutouts 626. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6D</figref>, the face tape 610 is fixedly attached to the trifold wrap 620 and removably attached to the release liner 630. A face tape aperture 612 also accommodates the protruding housing 700. In one embodiment, the trifold wrap 620 is polypropylene and the face tape 610 is a laminate of Bioflex RX848P and 3M 1527ENP.

0022<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 7A-H</figref> illustrate a housing 700 that advantageously functions as both a light barrier and an optical cavity and is flexible and easy to manufacture. In one embodiment, the housing is injection molded as single piece of opaque, gray, medical grade PVC. As shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 7A-H</figref>, the housing 700 has a base 710, a cover 720, a cable strain relief 730, and a flange portion 740 of the base 710 disposed around the periphery of the cover 720. The cover 720 defines a pocket 770, which receives the detector assembly 400 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4A-F</figref>), as described above with respect to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 5A-B</figref>. The base 710 defines a generally centered, generally circular aperture 750 and an opening 760 for the pocket 770. The flange 740 provides a structure for securing the housing 700 to the trifold wrap 620 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 6A-D</figref>). The pocket 770 is raised above the base 710, which advantageously recesses the detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) to reduce ambient and piped light from entering the detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) from the sides. In particular, the aperture 750 provides an optical cavity that allows optical radiation from the emitter 310 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>) that propagates through the tissue site to reach the detector 350 (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>), while rejecting optical noise sources.

0023Further shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 7A-H</figref>, the housing 700 has a width 712, a length 714, a cover thickness 702, a side angle 772, a front angle 724 and a back angle 726. In one embodiment, the width 712 is about 0.44 inches, the length 714 is about 0.598 inches, the cover thickness 702 is about 0.02 inches, the side angle 722 is about 5°, the front angle 724 is about 10° and the back angle 726 is about 52.5°. Further, the aperture diameter 752 is about 0.117 inches, the pocket width 762 is about 0.2 inches and the cover height 728 is about 0.14 inches.

0024A pulse oximetry sensor has been disclosed in detail in connection with various embodiments. These embodiments are disclosed by way of examples only and are not to limit the scope of the claims that follow. One of ordinary skill in art will appreciate many variations and modifications.

Contents5

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Pulse oximetry sensor

Summary by NHIP

Claim Score by NHIP

Abstract