Mobile wireless communications device comprising a satellite positioning system antenna and electrically conductive director element therefor

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

0001The present invention relates to the field of communications devices, and, more particularly, to mobile wireless communications devices and related methods.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

0002Cellular communications systems continue to grow in popularity and have become an integral part of both personal and business communications. Cellular telephones allow users to place and receive voice calls most anywhere they travel. Moreover, as cellular telephone technology has increased, so too has the functionality of cellular devices. For example, many cellular devices now incorporate personal digital assistant (PDA) features such as calendars, address books, task lists, etc. Moreover, such multi-function devices may also allow users to wirelessly send and receive electronic mail (email) messages and access the Internet via a cellular network and/or a wireless local area network (WLAN), for example.

0003Another feature which is being coupled with cellular communications capabilities is satellite positioning. That is, certain devices now incorporate both cellular and satellite positioning devices, such as global positioning system (GPS) devices, for example. One such device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,857,016 to Motoyama et al., which is directed to a computer remote position reporting device which includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, monitoring software and an Internet access module for tracking and mapping a position of a mobile object. In one embodiment, the obtained positions are collected, logged and communicated to a desired location by a store-and-forward protocol (e.g., Internet e-mail) or a direct-connection protocol (e.g., file transfer protocol (FTP)) via a wireless cellular transceiver.

0004As the functionality of cellular communications devices continues to increase, so too does the demand for smaller devices which are easier and more convenient for users to carry. As such, incorporating GPS capabilities in ever-smaller cellular phones becomes increasingly difficult, as smaller GPS antenna designs are required due to space constraints. Thus, one challenge for designers is to provide GPS antennas with adequate signal reception characteristics yet in a relatively small size.

0005Various attempts have been made improve mobile device satellite positioning antennas. An antenna arrangement for a GPS signal processing device is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,720,923 to Hayward et al. in which an antenna member is mounted on a circuit board. The antenna member includes first, second, and third surfaces. The third surface adjoins the first and second surfaces. The first, second and third surfaces define a cavity within which is disposed dielectric material. At least one conductive connector comprising first and second ends is in communication with the antenna member first surface, and an amplifier is in communication with each conductive connector second end.

0006Another example is set forth in PCT publication no. WO 02/29988 A1, which discloses a folded inverted F antenna (FIFA) which includes an L-shaped receiving element having a first planar portion and a second planar portion connected along a fold edge. A printed circuit board (PCB) is disposed perpendicular to the second planar portion forming a PCB ground plane. The FIFA includes a second ground plane disposed below and in parallel with the second planar portion. Shorting conductors couple the receiving element to the PCB and the second ground plane, and a receive conductor couples a receiver circuit to the receiving element. The FIFA is for use in a wireless communications device, such as a cellular phone, for receiving position signals from a GPS satellite.

0007Despite the availability of such GPS antenna configurations, other GPS antenna configurations may be desirable which are relatively compact yet still provide desired beam direction or shaping for optimizing GPS satellite signal reception, for example.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

0008<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> is a schematic block diagram of a mobile wireless communications device in accordance with the present invention.

0009<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> is a schematic block diagram of an alternate embodiment of the mobile wireless communication device of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>.

0010<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> is a schematic perspective view of a PCB and antenna arrangement for the wireless communications device of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>.

0011<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> is a schematic block diagram of the wireless communications device of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> illustrating satellite positioning information display features thereof.

0012<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref> is a schematic perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a PCB and antenna arrangement for the wireless communications device of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>.

0013<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6</figref> is a schematic block diagram of an exemplary mobile wireless communications device arrangement for use with the present invention.

0014<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> is a schematic diagram of a prior art monopole antenna.

0015<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> is a schematic diagram of a monopole antenna and associated electrically conductive director element in accordance with the present invention used for a performance test comparison with respect to the prior art antenna of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref>.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

0016In view of the foregoing background, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a mobile wireless communications device including satellite positioning capabilities with enhanced satellite signal reception characteristics and related methods.

0017This and other objects, features, and advantages in accordance with the present invention are provided by a mobile wireless communications device which may include an antenna and at least one electrically conductive director therefor. More particularly, the mobile wireless communications may include a portable housing, and at least one wireless transceiver carried by the portable housing, and a satellite positioning signal receiver carried by the portable housing. The antenna may also be carried by the portable housing and connected to the satellite positioning signal receiver. Further, the at least one electrically conductive director element may be carried by the portable housing in spaced apart relation from the antenna and inductively coupled thereto for directing a beam pattern thereof. That is, the director element(s) advantageously directs or shapes the beam pattern of the antenna to provide desired satellite signal reception, and may further provide improved antenna efficiency.

0018The mobile wireless communications device may further include a printed circuit board (PCB) carried by the portable housing, and the antenna and the PCB may be relatively positioned so that the PCB further directs the beam pattern of the antenna. For example, the antenna may include one or more electrically conductive traces on the PCB, and the PCB may be positioned to provide a reflector for directing the antenna beam pattern skyward for improved satellite positioning signal reception performance. In one embodiment, the a dielectric extension may extend outwardly from the PCB, and the antenna may be carried by the dielectric extension. The electrically conductive director element(s) may also be carried by the dielectric extension.

0019The portable housing may have an upper portion and a lower portion, and the antenna may be positioned adjacent the upper portion of the portable housing. Moreover, the at least one wireless transceiver may be a cellular transceiver, and the device may further include a cellular antenna carried by the portable housing and connected to the cellular transceiver. By way of example, the cellular antenna may be carried adjacent the bottom portion of the portable housing.

0020The at least one electrically conductive director element may include a pair of parallel, spaced apart electrically conductive director elements, for example. The device may further include a controller carried by the portable housing and connected to the satellite positioning signal receiver, and a display carried by the portable housing and cooperating with the controller for displaying satellite positioning information. By way of example, the antenna may be an inverted F antenna or a monopole antenna.

0021A method aspect of the invention is for making a mobile wireless communications device, such as the one described briefly above. The method may include positioning a satellite positioning signal receiver and at least one wireless transceiver in a portable housing, and connecting an antenna carried by the portable housing to the satellite positioning signal receiver. Further, at least one electrically conductive director element may be positioned in spaced apart relation from the antenna to be inductively coupled thereto for directing a beam pattern thereof.

0022The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and prime notation is used to indicate similar elements in alternate embodiments.

0023Referring initially to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 1 and 2</figref>, a mobile wireless communications device <b>20</b> in accordance with the present invention illustratively includes a portable housing <b>21</b> and one or more wireless transceivers <b>22</b> carried by the portable housing. In the example illustrated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>, a cellular transceiver <b>22</b>′ cooperates with a cellular antenna <b>23</b>′ to communicate over a cellular network <b>24</b>′ via a base station(s) <b>25</b>′, which is shown as a cell tower for clarity of illustration. In other embodiments, the wireless transceiver <b>22</b> be a wireless local or personal area network (LAN/PAN) transceiver for communicating via a wireless LAN/PAN, for example. In still further embodiments, both cellular and wireless LAN/PAN transceivers may be included, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

0024The device <b>20</b> further illustratively includes a satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b> carried by the portable housing. By way of example, the satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b> may be a GPS receiver, although receivers compatible with other satellite positioning systems such as Galileo, for example, may also be used. An antenna <b>27</b> is also carried by the portable housing <b>21</b> and is connected to the satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b> for receiving positioning signals from GPS satellites <b>28</b>, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that in some embodiments the antenna <b>27</b> may also be connected to the wireless transceiver(s) <b>22</b> and used for communicating over a wireless network(s) as well, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

0025Further, the device <b>20</b> also illustratively includes one or more electrically conductive director elements <b>29</b> carried by the portable housing <b>21</b> in spaced apart relation from the satellite positioning system antenna <b>27</b> and inductively coupled thereto for directing a beam pattern thereof. That is, the director element(s) <b>29</b> advantageously directs or shapes the beam pattern of the antenna <b>27</b> skyward toward the GPS satellites <b>28</b> when the mobile wireless communications device <b>20</b> is held in an operating position, as will be discussed further below.

0026Turning now additionally to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3 and 4</figref>, the mobile wireless communications device <b>20</b> may further include a printed circuit board (PCB) <b>30</b> carried by the portable housing <b>21</b>. In the illustrated embodiment, the satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b> is illustratively shown as a signal source for clarity of illustration. The antenna <b>23</b> and the PCB <b>30</b> are relatively positioned so that the PCB further directs the beam pattern of the antenna. More particularly, in the illustrated embodiment the antenna <b>23</b> is a monopole antenna comprising a printed circuit element on an upper surface of the PCB <b>30</b>. Furthermore, a pair of electrically conductive parallel spaced-apart traces provide directors <b>29</b><i>a, </i><b>29</b><i>b </i>for the antenna <b>23</b>.

0027The device <b>20</b> further illustratively includes a controller <b>31</b> carried by the portable housing <b>21</b> and connected to the satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b>, and a display <b>32</b> carried by the portable housing and cooperating with the controller for displaying satellite positioning information. By way of example, the controller <b>31</b> may include a microprocessor and associated circuitry/memory, and the display <b>32</b> may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), although other suitable components or displays may also be used. While not shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref>, the controller <b>31</b> may be carried by the PCB <b>30</b>, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that those components which are within the portable housing and not externally viewable are shown with dashed lines for clarity of illustration in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref>.

0028When using the GPS function of the device <b>20</b> a user may hold the device in an operating position in which the display <b>32</b> is viewable to the user. In the exemplary embodiment, the controller <b>31</b> executes a mapping program which translates the positioning data received from the satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b> into location coordinates which are displayed at a corresponding location on a map, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. Thus, when the user holds the device <b>20</b> so that the display <b>32</b> faces him in an operating position, the PCB <b>30</b> serves as a reflector for directing the antenna beam pattern skyward for improved satellite positioning signal reception performance. The director elements <b>29</b><i>a, </i><b>29</b><i>b </i>not only help direct/shape the beam pattern in the desired direction, they may also provide improved antenna efficiency.

0029By way of example, the performance of a first monopole antenna <b>70</b> (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref>) without a director element was compared with that of a second monopole antenna <b>80</b> having an electrically conductive director element <b>81</b> inductively coupled thereto, as shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref>. Both of the first and second antennas <b>70</b>, <b>80</b> were mounted adjacent the top end of a mobile phone circuit board for testing, similar to the configuration illustrated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref>. The first antenna <b>70</b> was designed to provide peak gain over the frequencies of interest. However, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, inductively coupling the director element <b>81</b> to the first antenna <b>70</b> would change the characteristics of the antenna such that it would no longer provide peak gain over the same frequencies. Thus, to provide a meaningful comparison, the second antenna <b>80</b> was designed such that when the director element <b>81</b> was coupled thereto, its peak gain would also occur over the same frequencies as the first antenna <b>70</b> without a director element. With the director element <b>81</b> inductively coupled to the second antenna <b>80</b>, the second antenna provided better than a 1 dB improvement in average gain with respect to the first antenna <b>70</b> at three different test frequencies, as summarized in Table 1, below.

0030<tables id="TABLE-US-00001" num="00001"><table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0"><tgroup align="left" colsep="0" rowsep="0" cols="4"><colspec colname="offset" colwidth="84pt" align="left" /><colspec colname="1" colwidth="42pt" align="center" /><colspec colname="2" colwidth="42pt" align="center" /><colspec colname="3" colwidth="49pt" align="center" /><thead><row><entry /><entry namest="offset" nameend="3" rowsep="1">TABLE 1</entry></row><row><entry /><entry namest="offset" nameend="3" align="center" rowsep="1" /></row><row><entry /><entry>1565.42</entry><entry>1575.42</entry><entry>1585.42</entry></row><row><entry /><entry>MHZ</entry><entry>MHZ</entry><entry>MHZ</entry></row><row><entry /><entry namest="offset" nameend="3" align="center" rowsep="1" /></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row><entry /></row></tbody></tgroup><tgroup align="left" colsep="0" rowsep="0" cols="4"><colspec colname="1" colwidth="84pt" align="left" /><colspec colname="2" colwidth="42pt" align="center" /><colspec colname="3" colwidth="42pt" align="center" /><colspec colname="4" colwidth="49pt" align="center" /><tbody valign="top"><row><entry>Gain of First Antenna 70</entry><entry>−4.06188 dB</entry><entry>−4.20504 dB</entry><entry>−4.51069 dB</entry></row><row><entry>With No Director Element</entry></row><row><entry>Gain of Second Antenna 80</entry><entry>−2.96706 dB</entry><entry>−2.94389 dB</entry><entry>−3.13042 dB</entry></row><row><entry>With Director Element 81</entry></row><row><entry namest="1" nameend="4" align="center" rowsep="1" /></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

0031In accordance with an alternate embodiment now described with reference to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref>, a dielectric extension <b>33</b>′ illustratively extends outwardly from the PCB <b>30</b>′, and the antenna <b>23</b>′ and electrically conductive director element <b>29</b>′ are carried on an upper surface of the dielectric extension. In the exemplary embodiment, the antenna <b>23</b>′ is a printed inverted F antenna, although other antenna configurations than those shown herein may also be used. The director element <b>29</b>′ may also be a printed conductive trace or traces on the dielectric extension <b>33</b>′.

0032The dielectric extension <b>33</b>′ and antenna <b>23</b>′ may advantageously be positioned adjacent an upper portion or top of the portable housing <b>21</b>′ using this configuration. This configuration also advantageously directs or shapes the beam pattern skyward when a user holds the device <b>20</b> so that he can see the display <b>32</b>, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Moreover, this allows the cellular (or other wireless) antenna <b>23</b> to be carried adjacent the bottom portion of the portable housing <b>21</b>, as schematically illustrated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>. This not only provides for reduced interference between the two antennas, but it may also help with specific absorption ratio (SAR) compliance by moving the cellular antenna <b>23</b> further away from a user's brain when he places the input audio transducer of the device <b>20</b> (not shown) adjacent his ear, as will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

0033A method aspect of the invention is for making the mobile wireless communications device <b>20</b> and may include positioning a satellite positioning signal receiver <b>26</b> and at least one wireless transceiver <b>22</b> in a portable housing <b>21</b>, and connecting an antenna <b>27</b> carried by the portable housing to the satellite positioning signal receiver. Further, at least one electrically conductive director element <b>29</b> is positioned in spaced apart relation from the antenna <b>27</b> and inductively coupled thereto for directing a beam pattern thereof, as discussed further above.

0034Additional features and components of a mobile wireless communication device in accordance with the present invention will be further understood with reference to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6</figref>. The device <b>1000</b> includes a housing <b>1200</b>, a keyboard <b>1400</b> and an output device <b>1600</b>. The output device shown is a display <b>1600</b>, which is preferably a full graphic LCD. Other types of output devices may alternatively be utilized. A processing device <b>1800</b> is contained within the housing <b>1200</b> and is coupled between the keyboard <b>1400</b> and the display <b>1600</b>. The processing device <b>1800</b> controls the operation of the display <b>1600</b>, as well as the overall operation of the mobile device <b>1000</b>, in response to actuation of keys on the keyboard <b>1400</b> by the user.

0035The housing <b>1200</b> may be elongated vertically, or may take on other sizes and shapes (including clamshell housing structures). The keyboard may include a mode selection key, or other hardware or software for switching between text entry and telephony entry.

0036In addition to the processing device <b>1800</b>, other parts of the mobile device <b>1000</b> are shown schematically in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6</figref>. These include a communications subsystem <b>1001</b>; a short-range communications subsystem <b>1020</b>; the keyboard <b>1400</b> and the display <b>1600</b>, along with other input/output devices <b>1060</b>, <b>1080</b>, <b>1100</b> and <b>1120</b>; as well as memory devices <b>1160</b>, <b>1180</b> and various other device subsystems <b>1201</b>. The mobile device <b>1000</b> is preferably a two-way RF communications device having voice and data communications capabilities. In addition, the mobile device <b>1000</b> preferably has the capability to communicate with other computer systems via the Internet.

0037Operating system software executed by the processing device <b>1800</b> is preferably stored in a persistent store, such as the flash memory <b>1160</b>, but may be stored in other types of memory devices, such as a read only memory (ROM) or similar storage element. In addition, system software, specific device applications, or parts thereof, may be temporarily loaded into a volatile store, such as the random access memory (RAM) <b>1180</b>. Communications signals received by the mobile device may also be stored in the RAM <b>1180</b>.

0038The processing device <b>1800</b>, in addition to its operating system functions, enables execution of software applications <b>1300</b>A–<b>1300</b>N on the device <b>1000</b>. A predetermined set of applications that control basic device operations, such as data and voice communications <b>1300</b>A and <b>1300</b>B, may be installed on the device <b>1000</b> during manufacture. In addition, a personal information manager (PIM) application may be installed during manufacture. The PIM is preferably capable of organizing and managing data items, such as e-mail, calendar events, voice mails, appointments, and task items. The PIM application is also preferably capable of sending and receiving data items via a wireless network <b>1401</b>. Preferably, the PIM data items are seamlessly integrated, synchronized and updated via the wireless network <b>1401</b> with the device user's corresponding data items stored or associated with a host computer system.

0039Communication functions, including data and voice communications, are performed through the communications subsystem <b>1001</b>, and possibly through the short-range communications subsystem. The communications subsystem <b>1001</b> includes a receiver <b>1500</b>, a transmitter <b>1520</b>, and one or more antennas <b>1540</b> and <b>1560</b>. In addition, the communications subsystem <b>1001</b> also includes a processing module, such as a digital signal processor (DSP) <b>1580</b>, and local oscillators (LOs) <b>1601</b>. The specific design and implementation of the communications subsystem <b>1001</b> is dependent upon the communications network in which the mobile device <b>1000</b> is intended to operate. For example, a mobile device <b>1000</b> may include a communications subsystem <b>1001</b> designed to operate with the Mobitex™, Data TAC™ or General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) mobile data communications networks, and also designed to operate with any of a variety of voice communications networks, such as AMPS, TDMA, CDMA, PCS, GSM, etc. Other types of data and voice networks, both separate and integrated, may also be utilized with the mobile device <b>1000</b>.

0040Network access requirements vary depending upon the type of communication system. For example, in the Mobitex and DataTAC networks, mobile devices are registered on the network using a unique personal identification number or PIN associated with each device. In GPRS networks, however, network access is associated with a subscriber or user of a device. A GPRS device therefore requires a subscriber identity module, commonly referred to as a SIM card, in order to operate on a GPRS network.

0041When required network registration or activation procedures have been completed, the mobile device <b>1000</b> may send and receive communications signals over the communication network <b>1401</b>. Signals received from the communications network <b>1401</b> by the antenna <b>1540</b> are routed to the receiver <b>1500</b>, which provides for signal amplification, frequency down conversion, filtering, channel selection, etc., and may also provide analog to digital conversion. Analog-to-digital conversion of the received signal allows the DSP <b>1580</b> to perform more complex communications functions, such as demodulation and decoding. In a similar manner, signals to be transmitted to the network <b>1401</b> are processed (e.g. modulated and encoded) by the DSP <b>1580</b> and are then provided to the transmitter <b>1520</b> for digital to analog conversion, frequency up conversion, filtering, amplification and transmission to the communication network <b>1401</b> (or networks) via the antenna <b>1560</b>.

0042In addition to processing communications signals, the DSP <b>1580</b> provides for control of the receiver <b>1500</b> and the transmitter <b>1520</b>. For example, gains applied to communications signals in the receiver <b>1500</b> and transmitter <b>1520</b> may be adaptively controlled through automatic gain control algorithms implemented in the DSP <b>1580</b>.

0043In a data communications mode, a received signal, such as a text message or web page download, is processed by the communications subsystem <b>1001</b> and is input to the processing device <b>1800</b>. The received signal is then further processed by the processing device <b>1800</b> for an output to the display <b>1600</b>, or alternatively to some other auxiliary I/O device <b>1060</b>. A device user may also compose data items, such as e-mail messages, using the keyboard <b>1400</b> and/or some other auxiliary I/O device <b>1060</b>, such as a touchpad, a rocker switch, a thumb-wheel, or some other type of input device. The composed data items may then be transmitted over the communications network <b>1401</b> via the communications subsystem <b>1001</b>.

0044In a voice communications mode, overall operation of the device is substantially similar to the data communications mode, except that received signals are output to a speaker <b>1100</b>, and signals for transmission are generated by a microphone <b>1120</b>. Alternative voice or audio I/O subsystems, such as a voice message recording subsystem, may also be implemented on the device <b>1000</b>. In addition, the display <b>1600</b> may also be utilized in voice communications mode, for example to display the identity of a calling party, the duration of a voice call, or other voice call related information.

0045The short-range communications subsystem enables communication between the mobile device <b>1000</b> and other proximate systems or devices, which need not necessarily be similar devices. For example, the short-range communications subsystem may include an infrared device and associated circuits and components, or a Bluetooth communications module to provide for communication with similarly-enabled systems and devices.

0046Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to the mind of one skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications and embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.