Automated projectile delivery system
Summary by NHIP
Multi-weapon synchronized firing system
The system coordinates multiple independently aimed weapons to strike a target in a specified sequence using computed firing times. It relies on GPS transceivers for weapon and target positioning, a control unit for distance and time-in-flight calculations, and communication means including radio frequency transmitters or optical cables.
Claim Score by NHIP
Abstract
A system for precisely timing the firing of two or more weapons in order to create a desired arrival timing of two or more projectiles on a target. Global Positioning System (“GPS”) transceivers are used to determine the position of each weapon and report that position to a command post. Heading-to-target and ranging information is also preferably transmitted so that the command post is able to accurately fix the position of the target, and the range of each weapon to the target. Computations are then performed in order to determine the firing sequence needed to achieve a desired arrival of two or more projectiles on the target. Firing of the weapons is then performed automatically in order to properly execute the computed firing sequence. Interactive command and control data is fed back and forth between the weapons and the command post.

Term
Term ended
Expired 19 March 2025, 1.5 years ago.
- Priority and filed
- Granted
- Expired
- Today
22 claims: 2 independent, 20 dependent
- 1Broadest claimClaim Score 47, average(NHIP)A weapon firing system for firing a plurality of independently aimed weapons in a firing sequence in order to cause a plurality of projectiles fired by said plurality of independently aimed weapons to strike at least one target in a specified striking sequence, comprising:a. a plurality of weapons, each having i. a remotely operable firing mechanism,ii. weapon locating means, capable of accurately determining a position for said weapon,iii. communication means, capable of transmitting data regarding said position of said weapon, and capable of receiving commands sent to said weapon;b. target locating means, capable of accurately determining a position for said at least one target;c. a control unit having i. communication means, capable of receiving said data regarding said position of each of said weapons from said plurality of weapons and capable of transmitting weapon-specific fire commands to said plurality of weapons,ii. computation means, capable of computing a distance from each of said weapons to a target of said at least one target designated for each of said weapons,a time-in-flight for each of said plurality of projectiles, andsaid firing sequence for said plurality of weapons which will result in said specified striking sequence.
- 13A weapon firing system for firing a plurality of independently aimed weapons in a firing sequence in order to cause a plurality of projectiles fired by said plurality of independently aimed weapons to strike at least one target in a specified striking sequence, comprising:a. a plurality of weapons, each having i. a remotely operable firing mechanism,ii. weapon locating means, capable of accurately determining a position for said weapon,iii. a rangefinder, capable of accurately determining a range from said weapon to a designated target of said at least one target,iv. communication means, capable of transmitting data regarding said position of said weapon and said range from said weapon to said designated target, and capable of receiving commands sent to said weapon;b. a control unit having i. communication means, capable of receiving said data regarding said position of each of said weapons from said plurality of weapons and said data regarding said range to said designated target, wherein said communication means is capable of transmitting weapon-specific fire commands to said plurality of weapons,ii. computation means, capable of computing a time-in-flight for each of said plurality of projectiles, andsaid firing sequence for said plurality of weapons which will result in said specified striking sequence.
Independent claims2
59 paragraphs in 4 sections, as filed
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the field of projectile delivery systems. More specifically, the invention comprises an integrated weapon control system which precisely times the firing of two or more weapons in order to create a desired projectile delivery sequence at a target.
2. Description of the Related Art
The term “projectile delivery system” includes small devices, such as rifles fired by individuals, and large devices, such as howitzers. Such weapons are typically fired individually, though they may be aimed to concentrate their fire on a single target. Some automated firing systems have been developed to fire such weapons simultaneously. However, as the range to target may vary for the different weapons, simultaneous firing of the weapons will typically not result in all the projectiles striking the target at the same time.
In many instances it is desirable to have all the projectiles strike a designated target or targets simultaneously. A simultaneous strike may be needed to achieve complete surprise. A hostage situation is a good example of the need for a simultaneous strike. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref> shows a hostage situation. Two targets <b>104</b> are in close proximity to three hostages <b>102</b>. It is desirable to strike both targets simultaneously. This goal is difficult to achieve, however, since the range to target for first rifle <b>110</b>, second rifle <b>112</b>, third rifle <b>114</b>, and fourth rifle <b>116</b> are all different. The reader should appreciate that the illustration—in order to fit all the individuals in a single view—is unrealistically compressed. It is not uncommon for one rifle to be within 50 meters of a target while another might be 200 meters further away. This displacement can result in displaced arrival times for the projectiles approaching ½ second, well within human reaction time. In order to achieve a desired arrival of two or more projectiles, it is therefore necessary to precisely sequence the firing of the weapons that launch them.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises a system for precisely timing the firing of two or more weapons in order to create a desired arrival timing of two or more projectiles on a target. Global Positioning System (“GPS”) transceivers are used to determine the position of each weapon and report that position to a command post. Heading-to-target and ranging information is also preferably transmitted so that the command post is able to accurately fix the position of the target, and the range of each weapon to the target. Computations are then performed in order to determine the firing sequence needed to achieve a desired arrival of two or more projectiles on the target. Firing of the weapons is then performed automatically in order to properly execute the computed firing sequence. Interactive command and control data is fed back and forth between the weapons and the command post.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> is an isometric view, showing a rifle equipped according to the present invention.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> is an isometric view, showing a rifle equipped with an electromechanical trigger.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> is an isometric view, showing the electromechanical trigger in detail.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> is an isometric view with a cutaway, showing the internal details of a rifle equipped according to the present invention.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref> is an isometric detail view, showing more details of a rifle.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6</figref> is an isometric view, showing a wiring harness used on a rifle.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> is an isometric view, showing a basic control box.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> is an isometric view, showing an advanced control box.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref> is an isometric view, showing the use of the invention in a hostage situation.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref> is a plan view, showing the use of the invention in a hostage situation.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 11</figref> is an isometric view, illustrating the use of heading and inclination data.
<tables id="TABLE-US-00001" num="00001"><table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0"><tgroup align="left" colsep="0" rowsep="0" cols="1"><colspec colname="1" colwidth="217pt" align="center" /><thead><row><entry namest="1" nameend="1" align="center" rowsep="1" /></row><row><entry>REFERENCE NUMERALS IN THE DRAWINGS</entry></row><row><entry namest="1" nameend="1" align="center" rowsep="1" /></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row><entry /></row></tbody></tgroup><tgroup align="left" colsep="0" rowsep="0" cols="4"><colspec colname="1" colwidth="21pt" align="left" /><colspec colname="2" colwidth="84pt" align="left" /><colspec colname="3" colwidth="21pt" align="left" /><colspec colname="4" colwidth="91pt" align="left" /><tbody valign="top"><row><entry> 10</entry><entry>rifle</entry><entry> 12</entry><entry>stock</entry></row><row><entry> 14</entry><entry>receiver</entry><entry> 16</entry><entry>barrel</entry></row><row><entry> 18</entry><entry>video scope</entry><entry> 20</entry><entry>trigger</entry></row><row><entry> 22</entry><entry>GPS antenna</entry><entry> 24</entry><entry>bolt</entry></row><row><entry> 26</entry><entry>bolt handle</entry><entry> 28</entry><entry>firing mechanism</entry></row><row><entry> 30</entry><entry>shroud</entry><entry> 32</entry><entry>striker nut</entry></row><row><entry> 34</entry><entry>electromechanical actuator</entry><entry> 36</entry><entry>selector lever</entry></row><row><entry> 38</entry><entry>electrical firing position</entry><entry> 40</entry><entry>mechanical firing position</entry></row><row><entry> 42</entry><entry>safe position</entry><entry> 44</entry><entry>sear</entry></row><row><entry> 46</entry><entry>sear notch</entry><entry> 48</entry><entry>recoil pad</entry></row><row><entry> 50</entry><entry>upper bay</entry><entry> 52</entry><entry>lower bay</entry></row><row><entry> 54</entry><entry>power supply</entry><entry> 56</entry><entry>electronics module</entry></row><row><entry> 58</entry><entry>conduit</entry><entry> 60</entry><entry>multi-lead cable</entry></row><row><entry> 62</entry><entry>connector</entry><entry> 64</entry><entry>trigger guard/magazine</entry></row><row><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry>assembly</entry></row><row><entry> 65</entry><entry>main harness</entry><entry> 66</entry><entry>trigger harness</entry></row><row><entry> 68</entry><entry>scope harness</entry><entry> 70</entry><entry>R/F antenna harness</entry></row><row><entry> 72</entry><entry>basic control box</entry><entry> 74</entry><entry>R/F antenna</entry></row><row><entry> 76</entry><entry>rotary switch</entry><entry> 78</entry><entry>on-target indicator</entry></row><row><entry> 80</entry><entry>No-Go indicator</entry><entry> 82</entry><entry>armed indicator</entry></row><row><entry> 84</entry><entry>remote fire trigger</entry><entry> 86</entry><entry>auto fire panel</entry></row><row><entry> 88</entry><entry>auto fire switch</entry><entry> 90</entry><entry>power switch</entry></row><row><entry> 92</entry><entry>advanced control box</entry><entry> 94</entry><entry>video display</entry></row><row><entry> 96</entry><entry>status indicator</entry><entry> 98</entry><entry>tactical display</entry></row><row><entry>100</entry><entry>touch screen display</entry><entry>102</entry><entry>hostage</entry></row><row><entry>104</entry><entry>target</entry><entry>106</entry><entry>wall</entry></row><row><entry>108</entry><entry>window</entry><entry>110</entry><entry>first rifle</entry></row><row><entry>112</entry><entry>second rifle</entry><entry>114</entry><entry>third rifle</entry></row><row><entry>116</entry><entry>fourth rifle</entry><entry>118</entry><entry>first trajectory</entry></row><row><entry>120</entry><entry>second trajectory</entry><entry>122</entry><entry>third trajectory</entry></row><row><entry>124</entry><entry>fourth trajectory</entry><entry>126</entry><entry>command post</entry></row><row><entry>128</entry><entry>heading</entry><entry>130</entry><entry>inclination</entry></row><row><entry namest="1" nameend="4" align="center" rowsep="1" /></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is primarily intended to be carried out using rifles carried and fired by individuals such as those found in a tactical response team. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> shows rifle <b>10</b>, which generally consists of a barrel <b>16</b> locked into a receiver <b>14</b>, with a stock <b>12</b> providing a grip for a user. Trigger <b>20</b> is provided for firing the weapon. Videoscope <b>18</b> is provided for aiming the weapon. Videoscope <b>18</b> has other features as well. It includes a camera which forms and transmits an image corresponding to the shooter's view through the scope. It also includes a laser rangefinder that is capable of determining a distance to the target (More on this subject will be presented subsequently).
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> is a detail view showing portions of rifle <b>10</b>. Videoscope <b>18</b>, stock <b>12</b>, and other components have been removed for purposes of visual clarity. Receiver <b>14</b> houses bolt <b>24</b>. Bolt handle <b>26</b> is provided to allow the operator to manipulate bolt <b>24</b> in the loading and ejection of cartridges. Shroud <b>30</b> and striker nut <b>32</b> move with bolt <b>24</b>. Firing mechanism <b>28</b> attaches to the bottom of receiver <b>14</b>. Trigger <b>20</b> extends out the bottom of firing mechanism <b>28</b>. Electromechanical actuator <b>34</b> is mounted on the front of firing mechanism <b>28</b>. Selector <b>36</b> is pivotally mounted to the side of firing mechanism <b>28</b>. Its upper portion extends out to the side of shroud <b>30</b>, where it can be manipulated by the user's thumb or fingers into various positions.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> shows firing mechanism <b>28</b> in more detail. Sear <b>44</b> extends out its upper extremity. As those skilled in the art will know, sear notch <b>46</b> engages with a stepped surface on the bottom of the striker nut in order to hold the firing striker in the cocked position. When sear <b>44</b> pivots downward, sear notch <b>46</b> will disengage from the striker nut, allowing the striker to slam forward and detonate a cartridge in the rifle's chamber. In a conventional trigger mechanism, the firing action is actuated by simply pulling trigger <b>20</b>. The version shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> incorporates additional features.
Electromechanical actuator <b>34</b> is installed in the forward portion of the mechanism. Rather than being directly connected to the sear, trigger <b>20</b> controls only an electrical switch. Selector lever <b>36</b> is pivotally moved between safe position <b>42</b>, electrical firing position <b>38</b>, and mechanical firing position <b>40</b>. When selector lever <b>36</b> is in safe position <b>42</b>, the weapon will not fire. When selector lever <b>36</b> is in electrical firing position <b>38</b>, the unit is set to receive a fire signal from a remote command post. When in this state, trigger <b>20</b> is used as an “enabling” feature. The user points the rifle at the target. So long as the rifle is on target, the user depresses trigger <b>20</b>. If the fire signal is received at that point, the weapon will fire. If the fire signal is received when trigger <b>20</b> is not depressed, the weapon will not fire. Thus, in order for the weapon to fire when selector lever <b>36</b> is in the electrical firing position, trigger <b>20</b> must be depressed and a fire signal must be received.
In some instances, the user will want to use the rifle conventionally with no control by a remote command post. In such a situation, the user moves selector lever <b>36</b> to mechanical firing position <b>40</b>. In this position, the rifle will fire as soon as trigger <b>20</b> is depressed. The term “mechanical firing position” is used to indicate that the weapon can be fired by simply squeezing the trigger. For the specific embodiment described, an electrical circuit is obviously involved. Selector lever <b>36</b> can be used as a conventional safety by moving it rearward to safe position <b>42</b>.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> shows a rifle according to the present invention with a cutaway through the stock to reveal internal features. Two cylindrical cavities are included in the butt portion of stock <b>12</b>. These cavities are accessed from the rear by removing recoil pad <b>48</b>. Upper bay <b>50</b> contains electronics module <b>56</b>. Lower bay <b>52</b> contains power supply <b>54</b>, which is electrically connected to electronics module <b>56</b> through a conduit just beneath recoil pad <b>48</b> (not shown). Power supply <b>54</b> can assume many forms, but is generally a set of storage batteries with voltage and current regulating features.
Electronics module <b>56</b> includes: a radio frequency (“R/F”) transmitter and receiver, a global position system (“GPS”) receiver, an electronic compass (indicating the precise heading of the weapon), and a microcomputer for processing data transmitted by and to the rifle. These devices are preferably housed within a sturdy and shock-resistant cylinder sized to fit within upper bay <b>50</b>. Returning briefly to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>, GPS antenna <b>22</b> is preferably provided on an external surface of stock <b>12</b>. It is connected via an internal passage to electronics module <b>56</b>. The use of such an antenna enhances the accuracy of the GPS receiver.
Returning now to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref>, the reader will observe that upper bay <b>50</b> is connected to receiver <b>14</b> via conduit <b>58</b>. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref> shows this feature in more detail. Conduit <b>58</b> houses multi-lead cable <b>60</b>, which connects electronics module <b>56</b> to connector <b>62</b> on the underside of receiver <b>14</b>. In this view, the reader will observe the position of trigger guard/magazine assembly <b>64</b>, as well as the position of firing mechanism <b>28</b> and selector lever <b>36</b>. Multi-lead cable <b>60</b> is a bundle of insulated electrical wires. It is important for numerous connections to be made between electronics module <b>56</b> and the rest of the rifle, as will be explained subsequently. Those skilled in the art will realize that this multi-lead cable could be replaced by a data bus.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6</figref> shows more of the electrical connections within the rifle. Main harness <b>65</b> runs along the lower left side of receiver <b>14</b> (here the term “harness” is used to describe a group of electrical connectors). It is preferably a three-dimensional molded circuit board, containing a number of separately insulated connectors. Scope harness <b>68</b> is connected to the upper portion of main harness <b>65</b>. Trigger harness <b>66</b> is connected to the lower portion of main harness <b>65</b>. Scope harness <b>68</b> electrically connects videoscope <b>18</b> to main harness <b>65</b>, and ultimately to electronics module <b>56</b>. Likewise, trigger harness <b>66</b> connects firing mechanism <b>28</b> to main harness <b>65</b> and electronics module <b>56</b>.
Because the rifle sends and receives R/F data, the use of an antenna is desirable. The combination of barrel <b>16</b> and receiver <b>14</b> (which are typically locked together via a threaded engagement) makes a good antenna. R/F antenna harness <b>70</b> electrically connects a portion of main harness <b>65</b> to receiver <b>14</b>. This lone contact is electrically insulated from the other circuits. It provides an electrical connection between electronics module <b>56</b> and the antenna assembly comprised of barrel <b>16</b> and receiver <b>14</b>.
Reviewing <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 4–6</figref>, then, the basic operation of a rifle equipped according to the present invention can be understood. For a remote firing scenario, the user switches on the electronics and moves selector lever <b>36</b> to electrical firing position <b>38</b>. He or she then aims through videoscope <b>18</b> in order to put the rifle on target. Videoscope <b>18</b> sends video data through scope harness <b>68</b>, main harness <b>65</b>, and multi-lead cable <b>60</b> to electronics module <b>56</b>. When the rifle is on target, the user depresses trigger <b>20</b>. This action makes an electrical contact, and that information is transmitted through trigger harness <b>66</b> and ultimately on to electronics module <b>56</b>.
The reader will recall that electronics module <b>56</b> also contains a GPS receiver and electronic compass. These known devices compute the position of the rifle and the direction in which it is pointed (“heading”).
Electronics module <b>56</b> processes the video data, trigger status, rifle position, and rifle heading information. It converts these to an R/F signal and transmits them back through multi-lead cable <b>60</b> to main harness <b>65</b>. They are then sent through R/F antenna harness <b>70</b>. The barrel/receiver assembly then functions as an antenna and transmits the video image, trigger status, rifle position, and rifle heading information to a remote location.
A control station is needed to command several rifles. This control station can assume many forms. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> shows a simplified version, designated as basic control box <b>72</b>. Basic control box <b>72</b> is small enough to be held in two hands. Antenna <b>74</b> receives and transmits R/F signals to the rifle. A set of indicator lights is provided across the top of the device. For the version shown, a maximum of four rifles are controlled (Those skilled in the art will realize that a version controlling <b>5</b> or more rifles could also be made).
The lowest row of lights comprise armed indicators <b>82</b>. These lights illuminate for a particular rifle when that rifle's selector lever <b>36</b> has been placed in electrical firing position <b>38</b>, meaning that the rifle's remote firing capability has been activated. The middle and upper row of lights indicate whether a particular rifle is on target and ready to fire. If the rifle is not on target or is otherwise not ready to fire (perhaps because of an intervening obstruction), no-go indicator <b>80</b> will illuminate. Once the rifle is on target and ready to fire, the shooter depresses trigger <b>20</b>. No-go indicator <b>80</b> will then go out and on-target indicator <b>78</b> will illuminate. Different colors can be used for the different indicators. One example would be using green for the on-target indicators, red for the no-go indicators, and amber for the armed indicators.
At the very bottom of the device is power switch <b>90</b>, which may assume the form of a rotary lock requiring a key. It switches on and off all functions. Just to the right of this device is a large rotary switch <b>76</b>. Rotary switch <b>76</b> can be turned to one of four positions. These are: (1) Standby; (2) Safe; (3) Remote Fire; and (4) Auto Fire. In the “Standby” position, the circuitry remains active but no signals are sent or received. All the indicator lights are switched off. In the “Safe” position, signals are transmitted and received and the indicator lights are illuminated. However, it is not possible to fire any of the weapons.
In the “Remote Fire” position, the user is able to remotely fire one or more of the rifles (explained in further detail subsequently). In the “Auto Fire” position, control circuits are used to automatically fire the rifles once a set of predetermined parameters is satisfied. Auto fire panel <b>86</b> only comes into play if rotary switch <b>76</b> is placed in the Auto Fire position. It allows the auto fire capabilities for each rifle to be turned on or off using auto fire switches <b>88</b>.
If rotary switch <b>76</b> is placed in the Remote Fire position, the user can selectively fire one or more of the rifles by pressing the appropriate remote fire trigger <b>84</b>. These buttons are preferably covered by a safety hatch, as shown. The safety hatch would remain over the buttons until just before firing. Basic control box <b>72</b> performs a variety of other functions, which will be described in detail once an explanation of the entire context in which the devices are used has been provided.
Those skilled in the art will realize that modern user interface systems have gone well beyond the type shown for basic control box <b>72</b>. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> shows advanced control box <b>92</b>, which incorporates additional interfaces. This device is the size of a small console. The version illustrated is intended for use with four rifles, though a version controlling five or more rifles could obviously be made. Four video displays <b>94</b> are arrayed across the top of the console. These display the video feeds from each of the four videoscopes <b>18</b> on the four rifles. Thus, the scene commander is able to observe exactly what the shooters are observing through their videoscopes. Just beneath each video display <b>94</b> is a status indicator <b>96</b>. Each of these replaces the three lighted indicators used in basic control box <b>72</b>. It textually displays the status of each rifle by displaying “ARMED,” “NO-GO,” and “ON-TARGET” messages. These are typically done using a back-lit LCD display. The display may also be set to change colors for each message. Again, as an example, “ARMED” could be amber, “NO-GO” could be red, and “ON-TARGET” could be green.
Below the status indicators is a row of remote fire triggers <b>84</b>. These are used to remotely fire individual rifles. As for basic control box <b>72</b>, they are preferably guarded by hatch covers or similar devices.
The primary user interface is provided by touch screen display <b>100</b>. It provides a set of graphical menus for the user to select. The menus (which are displayed in a Windows-style format familiar to contemporary computer users) guide the user through processes carried out by the advanced control box. The user makes selections and enters data within the menus by touching the screen at a “pick-box” location. Alternatively, a pointing device such as an external mouse can be provided. A keyboard or numerical pad can also be provided. A computer is used to control all the functions of advanced control box <b>92</b>, including the displays.
Tactical display <b>98</b> is provided to the left of touch screen display <b>100</b>. Both touch screen display <b>100</b> and tactical display <b>98</b> are typically back-lit LCD's similar to those used in “notebook” computers. They are capable of displaying color graphics and text of a very high resolution. Tactical display <b>98</b> shows the position of all rifles. It can also show the position of targets, hostages, and other features relevant to the scene. Geographical Information System (“GIS”) data can be loaded into the control box and displayed on tactical display <b>98</b>. Such GIS data typically includes street map overlays and satellite or aerial imagery.
The operation of the devices described previously is best explained using an example. As explained previously, <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref> shows a hostage situation. The scene is compressed substantially in order to show all the participants in a single view. The building in the upper right contains three hostages <b>102</b> being held by two targets <b>104</b>. In an attempt to hit the two targets, the scene commander must consider the position of the doors and windows, as well as the hostages themselves. He or she must also consider the desired position for each shooter. In the scene depicted, the scene commander has placed first rifle <b>110</b>, second rifle <b>112</b>, third rifle <b>114</b>, and fourth rifle <b>116</b> as shown. Each is positioned to be able to fire through a window.
Advanced control box <b>92</b> is placed at command post <b>126</b> (which happens to be near one of the rifles, though this need not be the case). Advanced control box <b>92</b> receives GPS position data from each of the rifles. The GPS system employed is preferably equipped with the Wide Area Augmentation System (“WAAS”), which can obtain stand-alone positional accuracy of about 3 meters. In some instances, even greater accuracy will be desired. In that case, a reference GPS receiver is placed near the scene at a known point. GIS (Geographical Information Systems) data includes highly accurate position information for building corners, light pole positions, and other similar commonly-available reference points. A reference GPS receiver can be placed on such a point. As the GPS satellites orbit, small variations in computed positions are typical for stand-alone GPS receivers. All GPS receivers in the same area tend to experience the same variations. The reference GPS receiver (which is stationary at a known position) is used to cancel out these variations. As those skilled in the art will know, the incorporation of a reference GPS receiver allows the computed positional accuracy of other GPS receivers in the vicinity to be reduced to several centimeters. The use of such a system is now common in the field of surveying. Thus, through the use of a reference GPS receiver, advanced control box <b>92</b> “knows” the position of all four rifles within a few centimeters. Each position is displayed to the scene commander on tactical display <b>98</b>.
Conventional radio voice communications are typically maintained between the scene commander and each shooter (common in the prior art). The scene commander would typically assign a target for each shooter using verbal instructions. In some instances, the scene commander may assign two or more shooters to a single target in order to achieve redundancy (and for other purposes to be subsequently explained). Thus, for each rifle, one target of the group of targets represents a “designated” target.
It is important for the operation of the present invention that the range from each rifle to its designated target be known. The range can be computed using several methods. First, videoscope <b>18</b> may incorporate a laser rangefinder. These devices, which are known in the art, use a projected laser and interferometric principles to compute the range to a target. This range information is displayed to the shooter in the videoscope and it can be transmitted via R/F signal to advanced control box <b>92</b>. However, those skilled in the art will also know that laser range finders sometimes produce false reading when looking through glass. If the glass is dirty (thereby producing laser backscatter on its surface), the laser rangefinder may report the range to the glass panel rather than the target lying beyond it. For this reason, a second range finding method is also employed.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref> shows a plan view of the same scene depicted in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref>. As mentioned previously, advanced control box <b>92</b> receives continuously updated position data for each of the rifles. It also receives continuously updated heading data for each of the rifles. Using principles of triangulation, this information can be used to compute the range from each rifle to its target. A computer is provided within the control box for manipulating the data and performing the computations.
An example is helpful: First rifle <b>110</b> occupies position (X1, Y1). The heading of first rifle <b>110</b> lies along first trajectory <b>118</b>, which is aimed to hit target <b>104</b>. Assuming that north is toward the top of the page in the view, first trajectory <b>118</b> is on a heading of 88 degrees (using the conventional system of true north being zero degrees and counting upward in the clockwise direction).
Fourth rifle <b>116</b> occupies a position (X4, Y4) and is trained on the same target <b>104</b> as first rifle <b>110</b>. Fourth trajectory <b>124</b> is on a heading of 11 degrees. The origin point of both first trajectory <b>118</b> and fourth trajectory <b>124</b> is known, since the position of each rifle is known. The angular heading information can then be used to determine the point at which the two trajectories intersect (commonly referred to as “triangulation”). This intersection point will be the position of the northern target <b>104</b>. The same method can be used to determine the position of the southern target <b>104</b>. These computations are updated continuously using a fast clock cycle. Thus, the computer within the control box is constantly determining position data for all four rifles and the two targets <b>104</b> it is then a simple matter to determine the range from each rifle to its designated target. This range information can be checked against range information provided by the laser rangefinders in order to verify its accuracy. If the two range values are close, then there is a good indication of accuracy. If, on the other hand, the laser information suggests a far shorter range to target than the triangulation computations, then there is a suggestion that the laser data represents the range to an intervening glass panel rather than to the target.
The depiction shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref> is actually a good representation of what is preferably shown on tactical display <b>98</b> of advanced control box <b>92</b>. Continuing the example of the hostage situation depicted in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 9 and 10</figref>, assume the scene commander has decided that the shooters are to engage both targets simultaneously. Further assume that he or she has decided that a minimum of two rifles must be trained on each target before the order to fire will be given. Another goal is to have all the projectiles strike their targets simultaneously. The commander inputs these parameters into advanced control box <b>92</b> using the aforementioned user interface. The commander then selects the “Auto Fire” function.
At this point, the computer calculates the range-to-target for each rifle. Next, it computes a time-in-flight for each projectile. It then computes a staged firing sequence which is required to place all the projectiles at their respective targets at the same instant. In the example shown, first rifle <b>110</b> must be fired first, followed by fourth rifle <b>116</b>, second rifle <b>112</b>, and third rifle <b>114</b>. The delay between each rifle-specific firing command is computed so that all the projectiles strike their targets simultaneously. Of course, the other parameters are considered as well. The computer will not issue the firing sequence until all four shooters have depressed their triggers to indicate that they are “on-target” and have a clear field of fire.
The example presented is but one of many possibilities for using the system. As a second example—It is well known to rifle shooters that striking and punching through a glass window will alter a bullet's trajectory. While some compensation is possible, this phenomenon degrades accuracy whenever a target is a significant distance beyond the glass pane. The present invention can be used to reduce this concern. Employing the user interface, the scene commander can assign second rifle <b>112</b> and fourth rifle <b>116</b> to be “glass breakers.” These two rifles would be loaded with flat-nosed solid bullets. They can be aimed a bit higher to avoid striking an unintended target (obviously on a different trajectory than the one shown in the view). The computer then times the firing sequence to have a solid bullet fired by a “glass breaker” strike the glass pane about 25 milliseconds ahead of the conventional bullet aimed at the target. The “glass breaker” punches a hole through the glass so the target bullet can pass through unaffected. The firing sequence can then have the two target bullets arrive at their respective targets simultaneously.
Numerous other sequences are possible. In some instances, the scene commander might want to have a first bullet reach its target 10 milliseconds ahead of a second bullet, and so on. Those skilled in the art will also realize that many more rifles can be controlled by such a system. Six rifles could be employed, with one “glass breaker” punching a hole allowing two target bullets to pass through.
Additional refinements are likewise possible. In most situations, only the heading of each rifle will need to be considered. In other situations, however, the incline of the rifle will need to be considered (such as when one shooter is substantially above the rest). In artillery parlance the terms used are “azimuth” and “elevation,” with “azimuth” referring to the heading and “elevation” referring to the incline of the rifle. A digital inclinometer can be installed on each rifle in order to provide precise incline data which can be transmitted back to advanced control box <b>92</b>. Altitude data would also be fed by the GPS system within each rifle. The incline data would be combined with the heading data in order to perform three-dimensional triangulation computations.
<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 11</figref> shows these computations schematically. First rifle <b>110</b> is aiming at target <b>104</b> along first trajectory <b>118</b>. The vector comprising first trajectory <b>118</b> is defined by its heading <b>128</b> and its inclination <b>130</b>. If the rifle is equipped with an internal rangefinder, then the length of first trajectory <b>118</b> will be known and the position of target <b>104</b> can be determined from the position of first rifle <b>110</b>. If no rangefinder is used, then two rifles will need to be trained on the same target and principles of triangulation employed. Using either approach, the system can determine the location of each rifle in three dimensions and the location of each target in three dimensions. The range calculations can then be made using three-dimensional computations.
The present availability of small computers means that all the computational functions described can likewise be performed by basic control box <b>72</b> (as shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref>). In order to have the computer compute and transmit the firing sequence, the scene commander would set rotary switch <b>76</b> to “Auto Fire” and set each of the four auto fire switches <b>88</b> to the “on” position. Of course, the scene commander would not have the benefit of the video display and the menu-driven interface. The parameters would have to be set by downloading code into the device, or using other known means (DIP switches and the like). The basic functionality of the device would be the same, however.
The illustrations presented have used rifles firing conventionally-primed ammunition, but this need not be the case. Electrically primed ammunition has been in common use for many years. Small rifles are presently being adapted for its use. The advantages to the present system would be obvious. Rather than using an electromechanical actuator to release a mechanical striker, the system could simply apply a voltage to the electrical primer of an electrically-ignited cartridge. The rest of the system's functionality would be identical.
The communication means employed to convey data between the rifles and the control unit can take many forms. The current state of radio frequency communications makes that technology desirable. Commercially available R/F transmitter/receiver units can be used. Some of the more advanced units allow high-speed data encryption so that unauthorized users cannot obtain the data. These units are also capable of filtering out unwanted electromagnetic interference in order to provide enhanced security and safety.
If the distances between the units are not too great, simple electrical conductors can be used. These can be analog conductors or a digital data bus. More advanced technologies can be used if electromagnetic interference is a concern. Those skilled in the art will know that most electronic communications equipment is susceptible to electromagnetic interference—at least to some degree. A sophisticated foe may even employ “jamming” devices to disturb the data communications. In such a case, fiber optic cables can be used to transmit the data. Such cables are light and flexible, and are virtually impervious to outside interference. Those skilled in the art will know that towed optical wires have been used to carry data transmissions over several kilometers (in the case of U.S. Army anti-tank missiles). Thus, such cables can be reliably employed in the present invention.
Current technology also allows the use of optical data transmission without cables. A line-of-sight transmitter and receiver pair can be fixed in position. An optical transmitter then sends pulses of light to an optical receiver. Such systems can handle high data transmission rates. Other technologies can obviously be employed. Though the communication means selected must satisfy the practical needs of the invention, it should not be viewed as critical.
The preceding descriptions contain significant detail regarding the novel aspects of the present invention. They should not be construed, however, as limiting the scope of the invention but rather as providing illustrations of the preferred embodiments of the invention. As an example, although R/F communications have been described, hard wires could be used to practice the invention. Thus, the scope of the invention should be fixed by the following claims, rather than by the examples given.
Contents4
12 sheets
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Every citation, both ways
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2 priority claims, no other members on record
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 44763603 | United States of America | A | |
| US20030447636 | – | – | – |
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Numbers
- Publication
- 07121464
- Publication, DOCDB
- 7121464
- Publication, EPODOC
- US7121464
- Application
- 10447636
- Application, DOCDB
- 44763603
- Application, EPODOC
- US20030447636
Titles
- English
- Automated projectile delivery system
Patent term adjustment
- A delay
- +664 daysthe office missed an examination deadline
- Applicant delay
- −4 days
- Net adjustment
- 660 days
Classification
- CPC, 2
- F41G3/04
- F41A17/06
- IPC, 2
- G06F19 00
- F41G3 26
- USPC, 7
- 235400000
- 434016000
- 434017000
- 434019000
- 434021000
- 434023000
- 434027000