Untitled record

Application filed June 20,1895. Serial No. 653,454. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, John Cassard, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain 5 new and useful Improvements in Water-Purifiers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of waterpurifiers in which the water is passed through a purifier comprising materials which are io electropositive and electronegative with relation to each other and in which passage the water is purified and may be used for a variety of purposes, and more particularly in connection with steam-boilers and the like.

The object of my invention is to provide an exceedingly simple, cheap, and effectual means of the class described whereby the water in passing through the purifier is subjected to the galvanic action arising from the elements of which it is composed and is thereby prevented from forming scales in the boilers, the mud and solid matter are prevented from congealing,and asa consequence the water used for generating steam does not act deleteriously upon the flues or boiler or other device, and pitting, galvanizing, and carbonizing and other deleterious actions are prevented.

To these ends my invention consists in a 30 water-purifier embodying the features of construction and arrangement of parts, substantially as hereinafter more particularly pointed out.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, 35 Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a purifier embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an end view with the cap removed; and Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1.

It is a well-known fact that water may be purified by passing it through a purifier in which the elements of a voltaic pile or metals which are relatively electropositive and electronegative to each other are combined, and 45 this is especially true in purifying feed-water for boilers, and numerous devices have been suggested for accomplishing this result, some of which are more or less complex and expensive and open to various objections, and 50 it is one of the main objects of my present invention to provide an exceedingly simple, cheap, and effective means to accomplish this result. One of the essential features of this class of devices is to have the water pass in contact with as many plates, disks, or elements of the galvanic couple as possible in the least possible space, and another feature is to have the water under pressure as it passes through these parts, so as to cause more or less friction between the water and 60 the galvanic couples, and these features are accomplished to a satisfactory extent in my device, which I will now describe. It is desirable to provide a device which can be readily attached or interposed between the 65 source of supply for the water and the boiler or other device in which the water is utilized, and I have shown a pipe A, representing a feed-pipe or source of supply, and a pipe A', adapted to be connected to the boiler or other 70 device in which the water is used, and interposed between these two pipes is my purifier B, there being a cock C, by which the flow of the water can be controlled in the usual manner. 75

The purifier consists, essentially, of a casing B', which is shown in the form of a cylindrical metallic tube, but which may be of any desired shape or .configuration and of any material, and it is provided at each end with 80 a metallic cap Β² B³, which is adapted to be secured to the cylinder by screw-threads or otherwise and to form a connection with the pipes A A'. Arranged and fitting inside of the cylinder B' is a sheating D, which is pref- 85 ‘ erably made of insulating material, as hard rubber, although it may be made of lead or other suitable material, and which serves to inclose the galvanic elements hereinafter described and to prevent their contact with the go casing of the purifier.

The body of my purifier consists, essentially, of alternate plates or disks E F, the plates E, for instance, being of copper and the plates F being of zinc or of some other 95 relatively electropositive and electronegative materials, and these plates, are superposed one upon the other, and interposed between the alternate plates is a washer or gasket G, and these gaskets are preferably 100 composed of woolen cloth and sheets of asbestos pressed tightly together, and I have found

547,710 gaskets thus made are exceedingly durable and aid in increasing the galvanic action of the device.

As above intimated, one of the objects of 5 my invention is to provide means whereby the water may be caused to pass through the purifier under force or pressure and to be incontact with a large portion of the surfaces of the galvanic elements, and in order to acio complish this I arrange the parts so that the water flows therethrough in several different streams, there being four separate passages provided in the present instance, although, of course, there may be three, five, or any 15 other desired number, it being desirable, however, that the aggregate cross-section of all of these passages shall be practically equal to the cross-section of the inlet and outlet passages to the body portion of the purifier. Furthermore, these passages are shown in the shape of corrugations or serpentine or sinuous passages, so that the water in passing through will come in contact with more surface and be deflected from side to side, so 25 that it will cause more or less friction and induce more thorough purification of the Water. Various ways of constructing these passages may be utilized to accomplish the results desired, and I have shown the preferred way, 30 which is exceedingly simple, and it will be seen that the end plates or disks E' F', which are respectively electropositive and electronegative to each other, have a single central opening e f, which is about the size of the 35 openings in the pipes A A'. In thisarrangement the second disk or plate F² is shownas having a diverging opening /’—that is, its upper surface corresponds to the opening e in the disk or plate E'and diverges into four 40 openings, forming the sinuous or corrugated passages IIII' II² II⁸. The remaining disks or plates in the present instance are provided with four openings, as bestshown in Fig. 3, constituting the sinuous or corrugated passages II 45 II' II² II³, and they are so arranged that when the plates are put together there are four, more or less, continuous passages connecting the end plates, through which passages the fluid flows in contact with the galvanic elements 50 and becomes purified in the manner well understood. These plates E and F maj⁷ be made in single pieces, or, as a detail of construction, they may be made in sectors, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, and the sectors put together 55 and held in position by the casing or otherwise. It is preferable that the electropositive elements, for instance, shall form one portion of the curve and the electronegative elements another portion of the curve or siuuous pas60 sage, so that any number of plates may be put together in alternate arrangement, and a purifier of any desired length or size maj⁷ thus be built up.

It will be seen that by my construction not only is the device very simple, but it may be 65 made of any length, size, or capacity, and of course the number and size of the passages may vary to suit the requirements of any particular ease. No special adjusting means are necessary, as the plates can be placed alter- 70 nately in the casing and the caps secured thereto, and these caps will hold the plates together with sufficient closeness to prevent any leakage or otherwise. The purifier can be readily attached to or detached from the 75 feed-water supply of a boiler or other device and occupies little room and has been found to supply the requirements of such a device in a most satisfactory manner.

While I have thus shown and specifically 80 described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is evident that the details of construction can be varied in the manner indicated or any equivalent ways without departing from the spirit of my invention. 85