Untitled record

Application filed May 31, 1889. Serial No, 312,826. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Abram D. Emery, a citizen of the United States, residing at Taunton, in the county of Bristol and State of Massa’S chusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woven Seamless Bags, of which the following is a full description.

My invention relates to woven seamless bags; and it consists, generally speaking, in a io seamless bag composed of a set of chainthreads and two distinct weft-threads, which traverse the chain-threads of opposite sides of the bag for two successive picks, and are then transferred at the bottom of the bag to oppoi5 site positions in the bag for two successive picks, and so on, the sides of the bag beingbound together by passing the two weftthreads through all the chain-threads. The body of the bag, consisting of the two sides, the so closed bottom, and the open mouth, is essentially the fabric described and claimed by me in an application filed February 28, 1888, Serial No. 265,581, (Case 2,) and is formed by the method of weaving described and claimed by 25 me in an application filed February 28,1888, SerialNo. 265,639, (Case 1.) In the body of the bag separate weft-threads, starting from opposite selvages located at the mouth of the bag, make passages to the bottom of the bag, where 30 they pass each other and cross one over and one under and then pass onward through a succeeding pick to the opposite selvages from which they started, then return through a succeeding pick from those selvages to the 35 bottom of the bag, where they again pass by each other and cross one over and one under and then return through a succeeding pick to the selvages at the mouth, from which they started, the formation being continued for the 40 desired distance. At given points where the sides of the bag are closed together the chain-threads are interlaced around the weftthreads, binding the two sides together. In this formation of the fabric the mouth of the 45 bag consists of the two selvage edges, formed by the weft-threads passing to and from said edges and around the outer chain-threads at that point. The bottom of the bag is formed by the continuous passage of the weft-threads 50 around the fabric at that point from one side to the other, it being further strengthened and made perfect by the crossing of the weftthreads at that point by their passage into succeeding sheddings. The closed sides of the bag are formed by the interlacing of the 55 weft-threads and chain-threads. In this formation a given weft-thread is in one half of the fabric for two successive picks, and is then in the opposite half of the fabric for two successive picks, the same being true of the 60 other weft-thread in the reverse sense. The sides of the bag- are united by passing the chain-threads of one side of the fabric to the other side and over the weft-threads, forming that side of the bag in regular order, so that 65 at all times there is one chain-thread on each side of each weft-thread, or one on each outside and two between or inside the two weftthreads. 'rhe chain-threads all assume the several positions in regular order. _ 70

In the accompanying drawings, formingpart of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of the bag with the threads separated and enlarged to show the formation. Fig. 2 is a side view showing the opening or mouth. 75 Fig. 3 is a cross - section parallel with the mouth of the bag across the weft-threads through the lines C D, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side view of the bottom of the bag, showing the direction of the weft-threads as they pass 80 from one side to the other. Fig. 5 is a crosssection taken lengthwise or parallel with the united sides of the bag through the chainthreads at the points A B.

One weft-thread is designated by the nu- 85 meral 5, and is shown as shaded, the other weft-thread being designated by the numeral 6, and shown as plain. One half of the chainthreads, forming one side of the bag, are designated by the numerals 1 and 3, while the 90 other half, forming the opposite side of the bag, are designated by the numerals 2 and 4.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that a weft-thread, as already explained, is on one side of the opening forming the mouth of 95 the bag for two successive picks, and that the two opposite parts of the picks in the fabric or bag are formed by the other weft-thread, and that at the next two picks the position of the weft-threads in this regard is reversed. 10c This reversing of the position of the weftthreads is due, of course, to the fact that on the closed side B the weft-threads pass by each other and are transferred to opposite positions in the fabric, thereby closing the bot- 10; tom of the bag, as more particularly shown in Fig. 4, the shaded thread uniformly crossing over the plain thread in the formation illuss

415,148 trated. At the mouth of the bag the weftthreads do not pass by each other, but return to the same side just traversed and around the outer chain-thread of that side, forming 5 a selvage edge. The fabric thus formed and the method of weaving employed are fully explained in the applications heretofore referred to, and require no further description.

It will be observed that the mouth of the io bag has selvage edges, the two opposite parts of the mouth being formed simultaneously by the two weft-threads, one part by each. The wefts simultaneously turn the edges at diametrieally-opposite points, each weft ap15 pearing at one selvage or the other at each second pick, and they alternately turn one edge and then the other, and so on, the two wefts being on opposite sides of the mouth at all times.

The formation of the fabric constituting the closed sides of the bag consists, generally, in causing the chain-threads to pass from one side of the bag or fabric to the other in a distinct manner, as illustrated in Fig. 3, which is a cross-section of the weft-threads. It will be · observed that at the right-hand side of the figure the chain-thread 4 is outside of the weft-thread 6 and chain-thread 3 is outside of weft-thread 5, while chain-thread 2 is in30 side weft-thread 6 and chain-thread 1 is inside weft-thread 5. This is the position the threads would assume in the two halves as formed separately. At the next pick, however, chain-threads 1 and 2 will be seen on the outside, the same as in the previous pick; but chain-threads 3 and 4 are shown as passing to opposite sides and are crossed in the center. At the next pick the threads 3 and 4 are again on the outside, but on opposite 40 sides of the bag or fabric. Thus thread 4 has passed from side E to the outside of the side G and thread 3 has passed from the side G to the side Ε. At the next pick these threads are in the center, and at the follow15 ing pick are on the outside of the sides from which they started—that is, thread 4 is on the side E, while thread 3 is on the side G. Thus it will be observed that there is always one thread on each outside and two threads >° between at each pick during the process of binding the two sides together into a single fabric, and that at the end of four picks a chain-thread has passed through the fabric between the weft-threads and assumed its >5 original position. This order is taken in succession by each of the four chain-threads, it being understood that the several chainthreads in the fabric are in sequences of four across the face of the same, and that they all ό assume these positions in succession, as will be seen upon examining the plan view of Fig.

1, and is fully explained in the application before referred to.

Referring to the crossing of the weft5 threads at the closed edge constituting the bottom of the bag, it will be seen in Fig. 5

- that the crossing takes place between the i chain-thread 1 of one half and chain-thread I 2 of the other half of the fabric or bag, the ; weft-thread 5 passing over chain-thread 2 70 i and under chain-thread 1, and the weftthread 6 passing over chain-thread 1 and un- • der chain-thread 2. At the next pick weftthread 5 will pass under chain-thread 2 and : over chain-thread 1, and weft-thread 6 will 75 ; pass under chain-thread 1 and over chainthread 2. This manner of crossing the threads 5 and 6 is preferably maintained.

- throughout the part that unites the sides together. _So

The bag herein described is to be distinguished from the bag which is the subject of application filed by me May 31, 1889,'Serial No. 312,833, (Case 18,) and which is made by the method described and claimed in appli- 85 cation filed by me July 22, 1889, Serial No. 318,249, (Case 20.) In that bag, and in the method by which the same is produced, the mouth is formed of the selvage edges at one side of the loom; but the weft-threads are in- 90 terlaced with all the chain - threads on all three sides that are closed in the process of weaving, whereas in the present case the weft-threads do not pass through all the chainthreads at the bottom of the bag, which is 95 closed simply by the passage of the weftthreads into opposite sides of the bag at that point. The bag of the present case is made by the method which is the subject of application filed by me May 31, 1889, Serial No. 100 312,827, (Case 12.) ^rIhe term “pick” as used in this specification signifies a complete layer of weft composed of one weft-thread on one side of the bag and the other weft-thread on the other 105 side of the bag. These two weft-threads are laid at one operation in the weaving by the simultaneous passage of two shuttles through a double shedding, as explained in Case 12, referred to. -no