Untitled record

Application filed May 7, 1888» Serial No, 273_f115. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Nicholas I. Allen, of Boston, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Loom5 Temples, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

In weaving many classes of goods templeio rolls having sharp pin-pointed teeth to enter the goods or fabric are objectionable, because they displace the threads and leave small holes or spaces in the fabric, and sometimes, especially if the sharp points of the teeth 15 have been dulled or blunted, the teeth -when retiring from the fabric in the rotation of the roll pull from the fabric portions of the same.

Many attempts have been made to do away with the pin-pointed teeth which pass en20 tirely through the fabric, and among the rolls which have been tried have been those covered with sand or emery, and the rolls have also been corrugated and roughened in various ways; but such attempts have not been 25 eminently successful, and the pin-pointed teeth are more generally in use, notwithstanding their objections.

. In my efforts to improve temple-rolls to better adapt them for use thereby, and especially 30 light-weight fabrics, I have discovered that by covering the body of the roll with fish-skin the roll so produced is quite as efficient in holding the fabric distended as the pin-pointed teeth; but with the fish-skin the points on 35 the skin which engage and hold the fabric to keep it distended do not pass through the fabric.

. My invention therefore consists, essentially, in a temple having a roll provided with 40 a surface of fish-skin, as will be described.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved roll detached from the temple; Fig. 2, an end view of the same. Fig. 3 is a view showing a portion of the fish-skin magnified, and Fig. 4 45 shows a temple with my improved roll therein.

The body a of the roll is preferably composed of wood or similar' light-weight material, and is provided with a mandrel or journal x, all in usual manner.

The covering B for the roll consists, pref erably, of dogfish-skin—a skin.provided with a series of sharp points b', (well represented in the magnified view, Fig. 3,) the said scales inclining in substantially the same direction as shown in Fig. 4; and in this my invention 55 it will be understood that the points of the skin are directed directly toward that end of the temple-roll which is to be nearest the selvage, of the cloth to be held by the roll, instead of- being directed in the direction of ro- 60 tation of the roll. The points are too short and blunt to penetrate the fabric, but are sufficiently sharp and fine to engage the fabric passed over it and prevent the same from being drawn over the roller longitudinally or in 65 the direction of the length of the roller, the rolls at opposite sides of the cloth having the fish-skin applied to them in such manner that the points of one roll incline iu the opposite direction to the points on the other roll, one 70 roll acting to hold the fabric along one and the other roll along the other selvage. The fish-skin does not serve to engage and feed the fabric, for the journals of the rolls are mounted loosely in the usual temple-head, the 75 rolls being rotated only by the pull of the cloth on them, the rolls merely acting to prevent the slipping or contraction of the web or cloth in the direction of its width, or in the line of the axis of rotation of the roll, as 80 the usual reed and take-up act to move the fabric in the loom.

The skin may be attached to the roll A in any desired manner, and preferably will be applied in a moist condition by means ofcem- 85 ent or glue, and as it dries the skin contracts sufficiently and clings closely and smoothly to the body of the roll, the sharp points b' serving in place of the teeth of the ordinary temple, but without tearing or injuring the 90 fabric, for the scales b' do not pass through the fabric.

I do not confine myself strictly to the use of dogfish-skin for covering the roll, as the skin of the shark, or of other fish having skin 95 of a similar character, may be employed.

The cap c and pod cl, forming part of the temple-head in which the roll rotates, are and may be of usual construction.

Prior to my invention I am aware that at- 100

405,387 tempts have been made to make the rough surface of flsh-skin available, and this use has been attempted in connection with the rollers of cotton-gins; and so, also, I am aware 5 that it has been proposed to cover a surface with fish-skin and utilize the same in the devicesfor holding tautand taking up the tubular fabric produced by a circular-knitting machine in lieu of the usual weights which are io commonly hung on a tubular knitted web to keep it taut on the needles. Prior to my in. vention I am not, however, aware that a roller to be used in a loom-temple has ever been covered with fish-skin. To render such com15 bination useful, care must be taken, by examination of the fish-skin, that the little hard points thereof are arranged to point toward the end of the roll, for if arranged to point in the direction of rotation of the roll, rather 20 than toward the end of the roll, the skin would not act to. prevent the contraction of the cloth widthwise, which is the especial purpose of my invention. Temple-rolls are commonly provided with fine metal teeth, and 25 many rough substances have been applied to temple-rolls with the hope of securing a surface which would engage with fine cloth having soft-spun threads and not displace them, as do the metallic teeth, and cause open places, 30 thus spoiling the goods; but all rough substances so far used—such as emery, glass, rubber, &e.—have no utility and are practically worthless. I have found by experiment that dogfish-skin, when applied to a temple35 roll in the particular manner described herein, affords a surface over which the cloth will not slip or drag in the direction of the length of the roll, and consequently the cloth may be kept distended in the direction of its width by a roll located at each selvage, the width of 40 the fabric being thereby kept substantially uniform. The hard sharp points on the skin are so fine and numerous and they engage the cloth at so many points in so small an area, that the numerous points, although they 45 but partially penetrate the cloth, are enabled to hold it distended uniformly, and inasmuch as the points do not extend through the cloth, and as they are so very closely set together, the threads of the cloth are not disturbed. 50

A roll covered with dogfish-skin, and applied substantially in the manner described and employed in a temple, constitutes a temple which may be successfully used in a loom to hold distended width wise many fabrics 55 upon which it is now impossible to employ a roller-temple.