Breaker for hot material

[57] ABSTRACT

A breaker for hot material which includes a main shaft mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis. A plurality of spaced apart discs each having a plurality of circumferentially spaced passages therethrough are mounted on the main shaft. A sleeve interconnects the spaced apart discs to define a plurality of passages along the length of the breaker. A plurality of circumferentially spaced hammers are mounted on the breaker externally of the sleeve. Cooling fluid such as air is supplied to each of the passages. Openings in the sleeve discharge cooling fluid from the passages to the area of the hammers. The main shaft is mounted in bearings and a fan arrangements cools these bearings.

Claims, 2 Drawing Figures

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Patented May 16, 1972

3,662,961

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ATTORNEY

3,662,961

BREAKER FOR HOT MATERIAL

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to hammer breakers for hot material and in particular to a breaker for hot cement clinker. The breaker of the present invention is particularly well adapted for use between the two cooling stages of a two stage clinker cooler but may be used in other applications where it is desired to reduce the size of hot material.

By the present invention, an improved hot material breaker such as that shown in German Pat. specification No. 1,158,894 is provided wherein the main shaft and parts connected to such shaft including the hammers are cooled.

The solution in agreement with this invention provides that a plurality of discs mounted on the main shaft are connected to each other to form a cooling air duct. This duct is connected to a cooling air source at least at one end and is provided with one or several air discharge openings at some distance from the end. This design has the advantage, that the cooling air flows through the shaft thereby primarily cooling the shaft. Thereafter, the cooling air penetrates through the air discharge openings into the area of the discs and hammers, which are directly exposed to the effect of the heat, and’ decreases the temperature thereof.

The spaced apart discs can be connected to each other to form a one piece hollow body. More advantageous is a design in which the individual discs are connected to each other by sleeves, which surround the shaft and which have axial air passages. The spaced apart discs are mounted on the main 30 shaft and torque is transferred from the shaft to the discs. A plurality of circumferentially spaced channels are formed in each disc through which cooling air may flow. This cooling air forms a protective jacket around the main shaft. The axial air passages provided in the discs not only ensure the continuity 35 of the cooling air channel in the axial direction but also decrease the radial heat flow through the discs to the shaft.

In agreement with a further feature of the invention a multitude of air discharge openings can be provided over the total length of the breaker, which has the advantage, that the cool- ⁴⁰ing air flow evenly enters the area of the discs and hammers. This does not exclude, that, in agreement with a further feature of the invention, at least one part of the air discharge openings is located such that the exhausted air cools the hammer bearings. Preferably some or all openings are located such that the exhausted cooling air directly impinges on the hammer bearings or sweeps along them.

In agreement with the invention, the cooling air source can be one of the clinker cooling air fans, which are readily available. Of course, a separate fan can be provided instead and is recommended when the pressure of the clinker cooling air fan is insufficient for the cooling of the breaker.

The sleeves, which surround the main shaft to form a cooling air channel and which connect the individual discs to each other, can be built rigid so that they not only accomplish the task of forming a cooling air channel but also have a stiffening effect. Then the construction, put together from shafts, discs and sleeves, possesses a very high moment of resistance, which is of great importance especially under the severe condition of the hot breaker operation. This feature is added so that the sleeves can be constructed from a different, more heat resistant material than the shaft for which other constructive angles are valid. The sleeves can be constructed in one piece with one or more discs, however, preferably they are separate pieces, which are braced with the discs. Certainly one can connect each individual sleeve to each disc; more advantageous however, is a design in which all the discs and sleeves are braced in axial direction from the ends. Thereby, the total construction can be laid out such that the sleeves are solely subjected to pressure under the bending stress of the construction, whereas the tractive stress is taken by the actual shaft which is located inside. This results in particularly favorable conditions for choosing the materials. As explained above, each individual disc can be connected to the actual ' shaft located inside such that the driving torque can be transferred; of course, such a connection can also be provided between the sleeves and the discs so that the driving torque is transferred via the sleeves. ^{5 M}

SUMMARY

It is the principal object of this invention to provide a breaker for hot material in which cooling fluid is supplied to the inside of the breaker to thereby cool the main shaft and associated parts of the breaker.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a hot material breaker in which cooling fluid is discharged into the area of the bearings mounting the hammers on the breaker to thereby cool such bearings.

In general, the foregoing and other objects of this invention will be earned out by providing a breaker for hot material comprising a main shaft adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis, a plurality of spaced apart disc means mounted on said main shaft, means defining a sleeve surrounding and spaced from said main shaft, said disc means and said means defining a sleeve defining at least one passage along the length of the breaker between said means defining a sleeve and said main shaft, means for supplying a cooling fluid to said passage, at least one hammer means mounted externally of said means defining a sleeve and operatively connected to said disc means, and said means defining a sleeve having at least one opening therein for discharging cooling fluid from said passage to the area of said hammer means.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is further described with reference to the drawing, which illustrates an advantageous example of a design. It shows in:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one end of the breaker; and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2—2 of FIG. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The hot material breaker of the present invention is adapted to be mounted in a cement clinker cooler, but its use is not limited to such applications. The breaker includes a housing, one wall of which has been indicated at 1 in FIG. 1. The main shaft 2 of the breaker is mounted in bearings 4 which may be secured to the housing 1 in any well known manner. The other end (not shown) of the main shaft 2 may be mounted in similar bearings.

The main shaft is adapted to rotate about its longitudinal axis in the bearings 4 and a driver 3 is operatively secured to the shaft 2. A fan means 5 is secured to the shaft 2 and serves to draw cooling air through passages 6 and 7 in the end of the mam shaft to cool the bearing 4. Such cooling is believed necessary in order to prevent the heat from the hot material which is transferred along the length of the main shaft from damaging the bearing 4.

A plurality of discs 9 and 10 may be mounted in spaced apart relation on the main shaft 2 and are drivingly connected thereto by means of keys 12. A sleeve 14 interconnects the discs 9 and 10 and together with the periphery of the discs 9 and 10 defines a sleeve means. Each of the discs is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced passages 15 therethrough with webs 16 between these passages. These passages along with the sleeve 14 define a plurality of cooling fluid passages along the length of the breaker between the sleeve 14 and main shaft 2.

Each of the discs 9 and 10 is provided with a plurality of protuberances 17. A plurality of circumferentially spaced hammers 18 are mounted externally of the sleeve means 14 and discs 9 and 10. Each hammer is operatively connected to a pair of the discs 9 and 10. Bearing means 20 serve to connect the hammers 18 to the discs 9 and 10.

The sleeve 14 and discs 9 and 10 are provided with a plurality of spaced apart openings 22 and 24 providing communica10

3,662,961 tion between the various passages IS and the area around the hammers 18. The passages 24 communicate with the area around the bearing means 20.

Cooling fluid such as air is supplied from a suitable source (not shown) such as the fan of a clinker cooler to a conduit 28 and annular distributor hood 30. The shaft 2 is adapted to rotate relative to the conduit 28 and hood 30 and sealing rings 32 and 33 prevent leakage. The cooling air flows through the passages 15 to thereby reduce the transfer of heat from the hot material through the sleeve 14 and discs 9 and 10 to the main shaft 2.

The cooling air is also discharged through the openings 22 and 24 to the area around the hammers 18. In particular, passages 24 direct cooling air to the bearings 20.

It should be apparent from the foregoing that the objects of this invention have been carried out. A hot material breaker has been provided which insures that the main parts of the breaker are kept cool by means of cooling air flowing through the breaker. The main shaft bearings are kept cool by an auxiliary fan mounted on the main shaft.