Gallery bullet

March 3, 1964

Ρ· H. LANGE, JR., ETAL

GALLERY BULLET

Filed Jan. 3, 1952

3,123,003

FUG -1

FUG - 2

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BY _o.,„ ,, INVENTORS'. PAUL H. LANGE, JR. OMER N. DEJARNETT

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attorney

United States Patent Office 3,123,003 ^------------------—____________________ Patented Mar. 3, 1964 .ZE £ 1™°' > —· lhe

FIGuS ^{2 IS Η SeCti}°^{nal Vi6W} °^{f the buIlet} shown in

It has been found that for best rpsnitc „ , .· ,

Xis x ” “°· aforementioned pXK -T °^f torpms^^ln^add-f ⁸°°^d tabletder metallurgy technioue/ T? ^CO“^{pactlon b}7 P°wlead powder in thp fnrm„i„+- . ^{e us}.^e °' ^such treated in toe preparation of the imprZdg^bunS^⁰^ ^desirabl“^arX^ ^bas found to be most lets is comprised ofX^dlsinte8^rating bulbX^bJit^WeiSht ^^osetting^rXin—III to^.O^art > will pass throuih^ri°£R^Pn^OWdef ^{should be so size}d that 98% through a 325lesh scieTn ²⁵~^{35% WiH paSS} mvoSffi S &™Χ±^8ί·^Γί^εS °^{f the metal Powder}s sseisssss fwp r ^{B f CUnng}’ ^the desirable epoxy resins suit £ S sorJT ^?rmulations are vLous S o_r' 600 to 8000 ^{S DS molecuIar} weights from about ure^^n ^and oe used as the required resins. Gallery

3,123,003 η 1 ττ T GALLERY BULLET

Paul Η. Lange, Jr., New Haven, Conn., and Omer W rLiw’c ^Alton’. HI·» assignors to Olin Mathieson x Chemical Corporation a corporation of Virginia

Filed Jan. 3, 1962, Ser. No. 164,157^{8 9} Claims. (Cl. 102—91) in Th'^{5 inVen}‘^{ion reIates to} novel formulations for use m the manufacture of bullets, and more particularly it is concerned with formulations which can be used⁷ in he preparation of a unique disintegrating gallery bullet , ^{the productlon} °f bullets for use in shooting galleries, a primary consideration should be to prepare a SiblckoftaH?¹^⁸ Γ ^th^^{target With0ut ex}oessive splasnback of bullet particles. Conventional lead bullets while possessed of good ballistic properties, are not safe to use m such galleries because of the splashback of larglead partides from the target. Various other typesTf difficulties^ “ ^{effort to} °^{VercoiM tilese}^U\^S’ ^{PatentS 2}'¹⁰⁵’⁵²⁸> 2,168,381 and , 15,853 disclose die preparation of bullets which have been formulated by mixing lead with other metals such oxidT^CThe⁶Tn θ^{Γ a}”^{Other com}Pound such as iron _{h n} ' _f^{These buUets}> while much superior to plain lead ^shooiin8 galleries, still do not disintegrate satisfactorily upon the target and a great deal of back o?paSle^rs^{eSUlte<1 CaUSed b}? * lerv bufiets ²'⁵’^{090 has} «sued wherein galhave beS mrfded^ee-nt^PrePT^{d fr}°^{m irOn particles which}aid of a th ° ^a homogeneous body with the aderized ^oplastic binder. These bullets are charfnr i ^{d by} ™^proved safety features since the tendency has beln Seed ‘° J* ^{about upon} disintegration

XS”^kvelis“^

Prod'S °^{f a un,}>^e gallery bullet. 1 more specific propemes of a lead bullet without beine subieet tn witb^hX °^bjeCtS ?^{aVe be}.^en accomplished in accordance jg 3·£··ΕΞ= nng. These novel formulations are comprised of lend is assaiTa10

3,133,003 bullets possessing the desired ^aracterista have been prepared when these compounds have been uti.i instead of epoxy resins in the metal powder formulations.

It is necessary that the resin in the final powder mix be in a solid non-tacky form, before this mix _h ' into the tabletting machine or caking and s ckm₌ of powder mix will occur curing this operaticn. Liquid resins can however be satisfactorily utilized if y partially polymerized to a solid non-tacky state before t is °^PUs^auX the curing of such thermosetting resins is achieved by using a catalyst or hardener but satisfactory results have been obtained m the absence of these com pounds. The preferred proportion of thermosetting resin is 0.75 part per 100 parts of metal powders. It has been found that a proportion as small as 0.10 part^wi yield bullets; the performance of these bullets however is inferior to those of the preferred ^position It has also been found that a proportion as high as 1.0 part will yield bullets, but these bullets co not possess the d , able ballistic characteristics exhibited by those containing the nreferred proportion. .

Iifpowder metallurgy, it is conventional to use a lubricant such as a metallic stearate to cause tue powdered metal to flow and compact satisfactorily. However it has been found that with the use of oil-treated lead powder no other lubricant is required to obtain satisfactory flow of the powdered metals. If desired a metallic stearate such as lithium stearate may be used as a lubricant in the proportion of 0.01 to 0.5 part per 100 parts of powdered ^m sSne typical preparations of gallery bullets involving the use of these novel formulations are herein described.

Example 1

Percent by wt., parts

17 0.75

Formulation: ., :.,.

Lead powder, Type 40 B, oil-treated, Glidden Co___________________________________

Iron powder, Ancor 80 ¹------------------Epon 1004² -----------------------Chemical Corporation.

The iron powder and solid epoxy resin were blended in a double arm type blender for 15 minutes above the melting point of the resin (95-100° C.). The ^resJ*mg mix was cooled and crushed in the same blender and the ground to pass through a 30 mesh screen. .

Then the oil-treated lead was added to the iron-resm mix, and the entire mixture was blended and ground to pass through a 30 mesh screen. The powder mix was then compacted into bullets in a ^ΓΟί^η^^let^^ng, P^rf t ’ The bullets were cured for 3 hours at 300 F., tumble remove flash and then loaded in the usual manner.

Example 2

Formulation: ., ^Per“^nt^dh

Lead powder, Type 40 B, oil-treated, Glidden

Co___________________________________

Iron powder, Ancor 80-------------------Epon 828, Shell Chemical Corporation-----35

17 0.75

The liquid epoxy resin was mixed with metaphenylenediamine (13% by wt. of resin) and the mixture was warmed and stirred above the melting point of the diThis mixture, while in a liquid form, was stirred with the iron powder and left at room temperature for a period of about twenty-four hours at which point the solid mixture was no longer tacky. The mix was then ground to pass through a 30' mesh screen. .

Then the oil-treated lead was added to the iron-resin mix, and the entire mixture was blended and ground to pass through a 30 mesh screen. Bullets were prepared from this mixture in the same manner as in Exampie 1.

Example 3

Percent by wt., parts

17 0.75 diisocyanate, adipic acid and butanecuoi i, .

The Estane was dissolved in 10 cc. of met y' ey ketone by refluxing on a steam bath. Then 0.024 part of dicumyl peroxide and the iron powder were addedjo the solution, and the ketone was driven off on asteam bath. The resulting mix was ground to pass throug ^m IhenThe oil-treated lead was added to the iron-resin mix and the entire mixture was blended and ground to pass’ through a 30 mesh screen. Bullets were prepared from the mixture in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 4

Percent by wt., parts

17 0.75 trademark for polyester resins prepared by

SS.

Equal amounts (0.375 part by weight) of Atlac 382 and styrene monomer were stirred together until a clear solution was obtained, and then 2% of benzoyl peroxide (based on total weight of resin and ^sty^rjne) was added and stirred. The iron powder was added and blended, and the resulting mix was allowed to stand at 160° F for two hours. At the end oi this period, solid mix was non-tacky, and it was ground to pass through a 30 mesh screen.

Then the oil-treated lead was added to the iron-resin mix and the entire mixture was blended and ground to pass through a 30 mesh screen. Bullets were from this mixture in the same manner as m Example 1.

Example 5

Percent by wt., parts

17 0.75 prepared by reaction of a diol and a stvrene monomer. Obtained ^F°^rTead°powder, Type 40 B, oil-treated, Glidden

Co. ---------------------------------Iron powder, Ancor 80------------------Estane 5740X2 ¹ -----------------------~~

Tills is a

Formulation: ,,

Lead powder, Type 40 B, oil-treated, Glidden

Co. ---------------------------------Iron powder, Ancor 80-------------------Atlac 382 ¹ styrene monomer--------------¹ Atlac is a reaction of a a s fumaric or Atlas Powder Company. _ ionomer were stirred together until a clear obtained, and then 2% of hrazoyl perThe iron powder was added and

160° F. for two hours. At the end of this period, the solid mix...---------- ..

a 30 mesh screen.

Formulation:

Lead powder, Type 40B, oil-treated, Glidden Co.---------------------Iron powder, Ancor 80--------------Plaskon 941¹----------------------_albasi_C^POl^ye!d^teInd^Seonteg7^rene monomer, from Allied Chemical Corporation.

To the Plaskon 941 was added 2% by weight of henzoy peroxide with stirring. The iron powder was theni added with stirring; and the mixture was allowed to stand at 160° F. for two hours. At the end of this period, the solid mix was non-tacky, and it was ground to pass through a. 30 mesh, screen. . .

Then the oil-treated lead was added to the iron-resin mix and the entire mix was blended and ground to pass through a 30 mesh screen. Bullets were prepared from this mixture in the same manner as in Example 1.

The bullets prepared in these experiments possess the good ballistic characteristics of lead bullets and are safe to use in shooting galleries since the dangerous back spattering of particles has been eliminated. Furthermore the use of these bullets is not accompanied by an objectionable noise level.