System for irrigation
10 claims: 10 independent, 0 dependent
- 1What is claimed is:1. In a system of the character described: a series of liquid discharge means;means for supplying each of said discharge means with liquid under pressure;a series of valves respectively associated with the discharge means for controlling the passage of liquid thereto, said series of valves having at least a first valve and a second valve;means provided for each valve and actuated by the pressure of the liquid for urging the respective valve to closed position;means forming a passage for the liquid under pressure to the means provided for the second valve for urging said second valve to closed position;means responsive to the closing of the first valve for interrupting said passage;means forming a vent port·;said passage being placedin communication with said port by the closing of said first valve to relieve the pressure in said connection to permit the second valve to open;and a device for causing said liquid pressure actuated means for urging the second valve to closed position, to close said second valve substantially immediately upon the conclusion of a limited interval.
- 2In a system of the character described:a series of liquid discharge means;means for supplying each of said discharge means with liquid <60 under pressure;a series of valve structures respectively associated with said discharge means for controlling the passage of liquid thereto, there being at least a first valve structure and a second valve structure in said series of valve structures, each of said valve structures including a main valve closure, a main fluid pressure cylinder, an auxiliary control cylinder, and a piston in each cylinder;means for causing the pressure of the liquid in the main cylinder of the second valve structure to urge the main valve closure toward closed position;a control valve operated by the piston in the auxiliary cylinder of the second valve structure;means forming a conduit connecting said control valve to the first main valve structure, as well as to the main fluid pressure cylinder for the second valve structure;means forming a vent port;said conduit being so arranged that, when the first main valve structure is open, said conduit is supplied with liquid under pressure;and, when the first main valve structure is closed, said conduit is vented through said port;and means connecting said control cylinder for the second valve structure with said conduit, whereby said control valve, associated with the second main valve structure, operates to connect the main valve cylinder of the second main valve structure to the conduit upon opening of the first main valve structure, so as to permit the second main valve structure to open when the first main valve structure is closed.
- 3In a system of the character described, a series of liquid discharge valves adapted to operate in sequence and to have a cycle of operation, means for supplying said valves with liquid under pressure, valve mechanism associated with each valve for controlling the discharge of liquid thereby, said valve mechanism including means whereby the liquid pressure from the supply means is effective to close the valve, as well as means to open the valve and means to cause said liquid pressure to close the valve after a limited interval, means to cause the valve of a beginning device to open and initiate a cycle of operation, and means whereby the closing of each valve will relieve the liquid pressure on the valve of the next succeeding device to cause said valve to open.
- 4In a system of the character described, a series of liquid discharge valves adapted to operate in sequence and to have a cycle of operation, means for supplying said valves with liquid under pressure, valve mechanism associated with each valve for controlling the discharge of liquid thereby, said valve mechanism including means whereby the liquid pressure from the supply means is effective to maintain the valve closed, as well as means to open the valve and means to close the valve after a predetermined interval, means to cause the valve of a beginning device to open and initiate a cycle of operation, means whereby the closing of each valve will relieve the fluid pressure on the valve of the next succeeding device to cause said valve to open, and means whereby the closing of at least one of said valves preceding the end valve, will also relieve the fluid pressure on the valve of a preceding device to cause said last mentioned valve to open, whereby a second cycle of operations is initiated before the termination of the first cycle.
- 5In a system of the character described, a series of liquid discharge valves adapted to operate in sequence and to have a cycle of operation, means for supplying said valves with liquid under pressure, valve mechanism associated with each 2,893,081 valve for controlling the discharge of liquid thereby, said valve mechanism including means whereby the liquid pressure from the supply means is effective to maintain the valve closed, and means whereby the pressure of the supply means is effective to open the valve upon relief of pressure from the means for maintaining the valve closed, means to relieve said valve from said liquid pressure to permit the valve to open, including means forming a port associated with the valve in the preceding device, and adapted to be opened by the closing of the said valve in the preceding device, and a connection between said port and the means whereby the liquid pressure from the said supply means maintains the said succeeding valve closed.
- 6In a system of the character described, a series of liquid discharge valves adapted to operate in sequence and to have a cycle of operation, means for supplying said valves with liquid under pressure, valve mechanism associated with each valve for controlling the discharge of liquid thereby, said valve mechanism including a closure, and a piston directly connected to the closure adapted to be actuated to close the valve by the liquid pressure from the supply means, a Pilot valve including a passage to control said pressure on the piston, means forming a port adapted to be controlled by a preceding discharge valve to place the port in communication with said supply means or to permit pressure to be discharged from the port, and a conduit connecting said port and said passage.
- 7In a system of the character described, a series of liquid discharge valves adapted to operate in sequence and to have a cycle of operation, means for supplying said valves with liquid under pressure, valve mechanism associated with each valve for controlling the discharge of liquid thereby, said valve mechanism including a closure, and a piston directly connected to the closure adapted to be actuated to close the valve by the liquid pressure from the supply means, and means actuated by another discharge valve of said series for controlling the pressure on said piston.
- 8In a system for irrigation, a series of valves each comprising a single movable closure element, means for supplying each of said valves with liquid under pressure, means whereby the said liquid urges each of the valves to closed position, means operated by the closing of a preceding valve to release said pressure and thereby cause the succeeding valve to open, and means to cause said pressure to close said succeeding valve after a limited interval.
- 9In a system for irrigation, a series of valves, means for supplying said valves with liquid under pressure, each of said valves including means whereby said liquid is effective to urge the valve to closed position, as well as means to cause the valve to open, means to actuate the opening means of the beginning valve of the series to cause said valve to open and initiate a cycle of operations, in which cycle all the valves are opened and closed, means to cause the liquid pressure to close said beginning valve after a predetermined period of discharge, means operated by the closing of said beginning valve to release the liquid pressure holding the succeeding valve closed, thereby causing said succeeding valve to open, means to cause the liquid pressure to close said succeeding valve after a limited period of discharge, and supplemental means operated by the discharge from one of the valves to terminate the operation of the series after any desired number of cycles.
- 10In a system of the character described, a plurality of main valves adapted to be serially opened and closed, and controlling the passage of fluid under pressure, each of said valves having a closure, as well as means associated with the closure for urging the closure toward open position, and a fluid pressure operating mechanism associated with each valve, including a pressure operated valve mechanism, a pair of conduits adapted independently to conduct fluid pressure to the respective valve operating mechanism for urging the closure to closed position, each of said conduits being valved, means operated upon the opening of a preceding main valve to close one of said conduits and to open the other, said other conduit having a port controlled by movement of the closure of said preceding valve to admit fluid under pressure to said other conduit only when said closure is in open position and to vent said other conduit when said closure is in closed position, to release the fluid pressure from the operating mechanism of the succeeding valve to permit the succeeding valve to open, and means ensuring the return of the conduits to initial condition upon a completion of a period of discharge of the corresponding main valve. KATHERINE DE LACY-MULHALL·. Administratrix of the Estate of Patrick De LacyMulhall, Deceased.
Independent claims10
123 paragraphs in 13 sections, as filed
2,393,091
P. DE LACY-MULHALL
SYSTEM
FOR IRRIGATION
Filed
Nov. 19, 1940
Sheets-Sheet 1
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INVENTOR
ATTORNEY
Jan. 15, 1946.
2,393,091
P. DE LACY-MULHALL
SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION
Filed Nov. 19, 1940
Sheets-Sheet 2
<img file="US2393091A_D0002.tif" />
<img file="US2393091A_D0003.tif" />
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Jan. 15, 1946.
P. DE LACY-MULHALL 2,393,091
SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION
Filed Nov. 19, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet' 3
<img file="US2393091A_D0005.tif" />
Jan. 15, 1946.
2,393,091
P. DE LACY-MULHALL
SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION
Filed Nov. 19, 1940
Sheets-Sheet 4
<img file="US2393091A_D0006.tif" />
Patented Jan. 15, 1946
2,393,091
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIUE
2,393,091
SYSTEM FOR IRRidATibitf'·
Patrick DS<sup>;</sup> Lacy-Mtilhall, deceased, late of Los Angeles,Calif*, byTiatherineDb'Eacg^-MiilKali; administratrix, ’Angeles;' Calif.'
Application November 19,19Ϊ0/ Serial No. 3(>6ζ26Ϋ
Iff Claims* (01.299-^27)
This invention relates to a system for periodically discharging a- desired quantity of liquid, such as water for irrigation’purposes.
More particularly, the system contemplates the provision of. a number of outlet sprinkler heads, 5 together with controls so arranged that these heads are operated-ini succession. in some instances, before the last of the series of discharge ing stations has completed its period of activity, a new cycle of operations can be automatically 10 started,' to cause all of the discharge sprinklers to be again operated in sequence and in the same order.'
It is one of. the objects of. this'invention to provide a system of this character- that* is- simple and 15 reliable in operation.
Such systems- are useful for example,, in* watering golf' courses.’ In such cases,- the sprinkler: heads are preferably made rotary, so as to spread tlie water over a circle defined by the trajectory 20 of the stream, It is another object of this<sub>;</sub> invention, to make' it possible- toincrease-the trajectory of the stream, without the necessity of- any added elements.It is still.' another object of- the invention' to 25 make it possible to reciprocate the sprinkler head·; back and forth over an* arc,by the aid of-a· simple and inexpensive mechanism.
It' is still.' another object of this invention * to utilize the pressure of the water for-opening and 30 closing, the sprinkler heads in succession*.........
It is. still another object of the invention·· to connect tlie sprinkler heads in sequence in such manner that they are automatically operated in sequence, the succeeding head· being opened as- <sub>35 </sub>soon as the preceding head has completed its period of.delivery.
This. invention possesses many other adv’antages,and has other objects which may- be made more' easily apparent from a consideration of <sub>40 </sub>several' embodiment's' of' the invention* For this purpose there are sho-wn several forms in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification... These forms shall now be described' in detail, illustrating the general prin- 45 ciples of the invention; but it is to be understood that: this detailed- description-is not- to be taken in a- limiting sense, since the- scope of the· invention is best defined by the appended' claims.
Referring to the drawings: 50
Figure -1 is* a longitudinal sectional view- of a sprinkler^ head.and-its valve control mechanism,, incorporating the invention:
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevation of the sprinkler apparatus shown in Fig. 1, showing. tlie -valve 55 part thereof, and with some of the parts in section; ..,- ., ,-., ...
Fig.- 3 is a detail seetional view, taken along the plane?—3 of Fig, 1; ,, , . , .
Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view, taken along the plane 4—4 of Fig. 1;
Fig*: 5 ,'jsa detail sectional view, token along the plane 5—5 of Fig. 1; . , , ..
Fig’ 6 .is a. sectional' view, taken along the plane 6—6 of Fig. 1; . ..... ...... .,-..,,,.
Fig. 7., is a detail sectional view, taken- along the plane 7—7 of Fig, 1;
Fig.- 8 is a sectional view, taken along -tfie plane 8—8 of Fig. 1; .., .,.
Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken along theplane 9—9 of Fig. 1; . . ._
Fig, 10 is a sectional view, taken along the plane 10'—i tfof Fig, 1; .........
Fig. 11 is a, sectional view, taken along the plane. 1I—I f of Fig*' X, and with some of the parts' broken away; . . ...
Fig, 12 is an- enlarged detail developed' sectional view of the' nozzle wheel', shown in Fig, IX; . ,
Fig, 1-3 is-a fragmentary sectional .view'.simllaf' to Fig,1, of a modified form of tlie invention;
Figf 14 ’is a sectional view, taken along the plane i4-LfibfFig. 13'; , . ,..
Fig. 15 is<sup>:</sup>a detail sectional view, taken along the plane ! 5—1'5 of Figi 14 anef shown as developed in a plane';' . .,
Fig, 16 is a detailetf sectidn of another 'modification of the invention; and ‘ .......
Fig. 17 is a diagrb.mmWb’view showing the lay-out of a system utilizing a plurality of sprinkler heads supplied witli'water from a common source.
In Figs. 1 to' 12'iriclusive', one form of the sprinkler head is shown as utilized in the' distribution system.' Thus a conduit I is arranged, as illustrated in Fig. 17, to be connected to a source 2 of liquid' under pressure. This liquid is water when the system is'’used for irrigation purposes. The- sprinkler head is so arranged' that' the passage of water from' conduit' I is controlled by a valve closure 3. This valve closure cooperates with a rounded valve seat 4 arranged in the bottom of a casing 5. The wafer. after it passes thfougla 'the cylindrical'opening 6 controlled by the valve closure-?, finaliy.emerges into the sprinkler head body 8* This, body 8 is shown as cylindricaland hollow* The top 7 of the sprinkler head' is'. provided with one or more nozzles 11 and 12'.' These nozzles have passageways-9 and 10, having axes directed above the horizontal, so as to provide a proper trajectory' for' the stream
2,383,091 ejected from these members I i and 12. They can conveniently be fastened in place from the inside of the top portion 7, since this top portion 7 is releasably connected to the hollow body 8, as by the aid of the threaded portion 13. :>
The hollow body 8 is formed with an annular bottom flange 14, as well as a downwardly directed central sleeve 15 through which the water enters into the body '8. The central sleeve 15 is preferably mounted for rotation in the top cover 10 of the casing 5. For this purpose the top cover can be provided with a vertical extension 17, and an apertured top flange 18 through which the sleeve 15 extends.
In order to form a protecting apron around 15 the sprinkler head, a tubular extension 19 is provided, fastened as by threads at its lower end to the exterior of the cover 16. This apron 19 can be provided with an appropriate upper flange 26 arranged to be flush with the top 7 of the sprin- 20 kier when the sprinkler is in the retracted position shown in Fig. 1.
The sprinkler head can, if desired, be urged upwardly by the pressure of the water passing through the aperture 6 into the mechanism. In 25 this way it is possible, while the sprinkler is inactive, to have it lowered below the turf if the sprinkler is used on a golf course or similar grounds; and to rise or “pop up” in order to clear the grass when it is in use. To permit this rise, 30 the sleeve 15 is further guided within a sleeve or hub 21, as by the aid of a lower flange 22 extending around the bottom edge of the sleeve 15. A sealing washer 23 can be placed inside the annular space 24 between members 15 and 21. This 2·' washer 23 is restrained against removal by the top flange 18 of the extension 17. The washer 23 can be assembled inside of sleeve member 2( prior to the joining of sleeve (5 in the bottom of the sprinkler head 8. The water acts against the flange 22 to raise it so that the entire sprinkler head is elevated and within the limits prescribed by the flange 18.
Furthermore, a mechanism is provided for rotating the entire sprinkler head when water en- <·> ters through the aperture 6. For this purpose the water serves to rotate a bucket wheel 25. This bucket wheel is shown most clearly in Fig. 10. It is joined to a hub 26 rotatably mounted upon a vertical stub shaft 27 extending through the »0 hub 26. The bucket wheel is geared to the sprinkler head 8 for driving it in a manner to be hereinafter described. Water is fed in the proper direction to actuate bucket wheel 25 by the provision of a nozzle structure or wheel 28, shown 55 in detail in Figs. 11 and 12. This nozzle structure is held tightly against rotation within the casing. 5, and is urged against a shoulder 29 provided by a fitting 30. This fitting 30 is formed integrally with the valve seat member 4, and is GO threaded into conduit 31. This conduit 31 in turn is joined in fluid tight relationship with the conduit I by the aid of an appropriate coupling structure 32.
The nozzle member 28 is confined against θ<sup>5 </sup>shoulder 29 by a spacer ring 33 placed above it. This ring can be a split resilient band frictionally engaging the interior of casing 5. Furthermore, this nozzle structure includes a downwardly extending socket member 34 in which the extension 70 35 of bucket wheel 25 is rotatable. The shaft 27 is also supported within the downwardly extending portion 34.
The nozzle member 28 is shown in this instance as having an upper and lower portion 36 and 37 75 respectively .defining in this instance six nozzle openings 38 having an axis oblique to the top surface of the nozzle structure 28. The nozzle structure 28 is made in. two parts, so that it may be formed of appropriate castings, and to make it possible to remove the cores required to form the nozzle apertures 38. Furthermore, the planes of division 39 between the upper and lower plates 3S and 37 around the nozzle apertures 38, are substantially transverse to the axes of the apertures so that accurate abutting surfaces can be formed between the two plates 36 and 37 around these apertures.
It is apparent that water passing through aperture 6 emerges above the nozzle structure 28 adjacent the periphery of this nozzle structure and acts to rotate the wheel 25 by pressure against the buckets 40. This motion is reduced so as to impart a comparatively slow rate of rotation of sprinkler head 8, as by the use of planetary gearing.
For example, the bucket wheel 25 can be provided with an upper flange 4(. This flange can carry a planetary pinion 42 on a stub shaft 43. This planetary pinion 42, at its lower portion, acts on a stationary internally toothed wheel 44 whereby a positive rotation of .pinion 42 is obtained. This wheel 44 is held firmly against rotation between spacer rings 33 and 45 in contact with the interior cylindrical surface of casing 5. The upper portion of pinion 42 meshes with a rotatable internal gear wheel 46. This gear wheel has a different number of teeth than the stationary wheel 44. For example, if gear wheel 44 has thirty-one teeth and gear wheel 46 has thirtytwo teeth, it is obvious that bucket wheel 25 must rotate thirty-twp times in order to drive wheel through one revolution.
Tire wheel 46 is provided with a hub 47 as well as a sleeve 48 which extends downwardly to rest upon an annular shoulder 49, formed as a boss on the top flange 41 of bucket wheel 25. Hub is freely rotatable on post 27.
In order further to reduce the speed of the said system, a planetary gearing is provided between wheel 46 and sleeve (5. Thus wheel 46 can support a planetary pinion 50 freely rotatable on a stationary stub shaft in a manner entirely similar to the support of this planetary pinion 42. The lower portion of this planetary pinion meshes with a stationary internal gear 51 shown in this instance as urged against the spacer ring 45. The upper portion of the planetary pinion 50 meshes with a wheel 52. In this case also, the ratio of reduction may be of the order of one to thirty-two. The wheel 52 is arranged to be placed in driving relation with respect to the sleeve 15, as by the aid of a yoke or spokes 53 joined to the hub 54. In this hub the shaft 27 can be threaded, so that this shaft is rotated by wheel 52. All of the hubs 54, 57 and 26 are arranged one above the other. The sleeve 21 is shown as joined to the top flange 55 of wheel 52, and is rotatable within the extension 17. The sleeve (5 is provided with slotted arms 56 through which the yoke 53 passes, thereby providing a driving connection to sleeve 15 for either the retracted position shown, or the upwardly projected position of the head 8.
It should also be noted that the sleeves 2(, and boss 49 form a continuous centra!opening for the egress of water from the bucket wheel 25 into and through the interior of sleeve (5. Also, the top flanges, such as 41 and 55, for the gears, further retard escape of water outside of the central opening formed by members 49, 48 and
J. The edge of bucket wheel 35,, as indicated in..
1; flims’'hliitd closely to .thesleeve .33?’ In this way, oiiijrvery' narrow passages arp, provide^ for ’ entry of water into the space occupied by the reduction gears; ’And of course, the members 21, 5 48 and' '43' form a complete closure against entry . of<sup>1</sup> waterJfrpin'.the.sleeve (5? Accpydirigly, the.opport'Uhity'foi' any 'clogging of the gears by foreign particles' such as sand, is slight; and there is no need to interpose any filtering screen in the Water. 10 passages. Such screen Worild introduce an.un.desitabie resistance to the water flow.
’It' is apparent from the'foregoing description that the pressure and the velocity of water serve to<sup>-</sup>'rotate .the.sprinkler.head? 8?,? and to project? it, is upwardly ?aboyethe' apron.?f'9? 'There. is .further-’ more’another, effect which is of considerable importance. The velocity, of flow, through the passage'6 and the. sleeve 15?'.is'much greater than the velocity of flow within the hollow head 8, be- 20 cause the cross section areg,’of this head.is. much greater than that of the biried'areas of nozzle 9 ahd‘i'0'afe much .less than, the. area of the passage 6. ?’’ The result is that there, is dn'increase in pressure?.within the head 25
8. Tliis is apparent from a Consideration of. Ber-.' noulli’s? theorem, fegardihgthe’ conservation of energy in a moving stream of liquid.? Accordingly, ; the tra ject’Ory of the jets through passageways.
’and 1.0 is materially increased, ’due 'to this in- go creased pressure; and this.effect is.made' a maximum upon proper choice of ratios Of- the combined nozzle openings, the area Of'head 8,. and the? area of passage 6. Also, the sleeve i5 has its lower entry opening tapered so as to form a re- 35 stricted exit for?the .water into bowl 8. This produces a Venturi effect arid assists iri the improve-, merit in the trajectory. ' ......
'The valve closure 3 is shown as formed of a yielding member, such as rubber, held over a head 4 0 57 as by the aid of a cup '58?'threaded oyer. the. head? 57? In order further to maintain the valve closure 3 in place, a plate 59 can be placed iri. the center of? the Closure meiribe'r .3 and held in place Withyrespectto the head 57 as by the aid’Of a flat 4.3 headed screw 60.
To open arid close the .valve, utilization is made of fluid pressure. ’ For? this'purpose the head 57?·’forms one part of a fluid Piston operating in, a cylinder 6 i, ’ Thus .'the bottom ’ of the head 51 50 forms a shoulder 62 serving to cooperate with, an opposite shoulder 63 to confine an expansible hdHoW'yieldingpistoh ring 64? The shoulder 63 is Shown as formed integral with a piston structure'<sup>:</sup> including' the cylindrical.? extension’ 65 55 threaded 'within the head 57; The piston' ring 64? cari Wifiade of rubber or other yielding material arid can be placed in cOmriiuriicatibri with the interior of cylindrical ekten’siori 65 as .by the’ aid of 'the radial apertures 66 iri said meriiber 65.<sup>:</sup> 60 Fluid pressure is permitted to tenter the hollow member’65?-as? by the’ aid of a passageway ' 67 leading to the interior of conduit 31 and inwardly to the space defined by the structure u5 and head 57 ; This fluid pressure serves to expand the’ring 65 64 against the walls of cylinder 61<sub>;</sub> rendering the' piston structure fluid tight.. .......... - w A. larger piston, structure is shown as integrally connected with: the structure 65—57.. ’This larger piston<sup>-</sup>structure is formed by the piston ring 68, 70 operating just as ring 64, and confined between a shoulder 69 and a flange 70.. The shoulder 69 -is shown; as formed externally of the sleeve 71 dependihgffrom the piston structure 65—57;-and the flange 70 is’shown 'as.fasteried as by-the threaded. 75 extension.!?., inside of the,,depending s.leeve>,·-71, This larger piston structure,, is.afiapjied ,tq,coop<sub>? </sub>erate inside, of a. cylinder- 74* having a, wall - 73. It,is apparent that if liquid under?pressure, be, admitted underneath- the,'pist,onstructure. from,., conduit. 3 i, the ..valve closure 3/will be.Airgedtup.w.arflly by. fluid pressure qgainst its. seat 4 anfi the ? valve closes., This, is. due to the fact that?th,ere. is., a- greater ayea, subj.ected ...to, th?e, liquid pressure acting upwardly. on .the associated., piston structures, than the area around the closure member 3*5ΐφ|β·θί^.φί!ί?Ϊ!ϊρί^ pressure acting downwardly and tending to open the valve.
It is thus'apparent that in order to close the,, va,ive, it is .merely necessary to exert, .fluid tpy.es,-.. spre in chamber 74,; and in order to open the, valve, it is .necessary to. relieve, this? pressuretherein, When,the?pressure. .is<sub>></sub> so. relieved, the,fluid, pres- ., sure, from conduit ’.3I, is effective on an. annular surface' around , closure 3 to urge the. closure,, downwardly.
In? order, to, provide. the necessary fluid,pye?-, sure ??f or. holding tfie? valve, structure, closed,; up, upright passageway .75, extends, downwardly frp.ny. conduit 3,1. and.can. pass into? a,recess,78 in cylin.def head 7S.;by .way of an aperture 77, Thip?’recess is provided, with, a tapered aperture ,79,. in., which is' a rotatable control taper valve plug, 80,. This valve, plug, is, urged-in, fluid .tight rel.atypn- ship? with’ the .aperture. 7’9., ,as,by,a spring.di.se, Si,. confined?.by a cap 82. against the threaded end
83.. 0, ,a boss, 84,.,, This boss. .84, ..extends,,radiajiy?· from.the .cylinder.heaflJG?. Iri,the,posjt?ip,p,showp?, in. Figs. 1. and 3, the passage of liquid-through,.; passageway 75??is? interrupted,?since the,por.t„,85,, is.out ,of.,aijnein.ent wjth the<sub>;</sub> horiypnta.i;passageway, ES .formed in, the. boss, ΐΙιρ,ί.,^ρροιηιηοΑ^δ^, plug 8(),., This,horizontal passageway. 86,. commuhicates, at? each end with .vertical, passageways,. 8'8?,.extending, upwardly into the,cylinder, chamber?, ? 74y. The?passageway,85 is.connected.as by a.hpyi- , zphtal.axial recess 87, with the .passage,7.8? Thus wfien plug. 80,is rotated to,aline port 85? with,the,, transv.ers?e? passageway 86, liquid, under, pressure,? can,pass througly.apertur.es,8.5, 86,-87 and, (IS.intp the chamber, 74?.?
For . the , position of the plug, 86 shown, in,,?Figs,,<sub>; </sub>1, 3? 4?and?5, the interior of chamber 74?is con-., nected, to „a conduit, 89,.? Conduit., 8.9. is shown,as<<sub>5</sub> connected to a threaded -connectipn. pipple,. 90, threaded into a.bqss,91,extending.fr.om,the covey ·,
76.. , The,interior.of--this<sub>:</sub>boss,SI in turn is con,^., nectefl. with the annular, groove 9^,. disposed,· around<the tapered plug .88; This-annuiar groove,; 92 ,is,thus .in continuous connection with, the cop?, duit 89. A through port 93 is provided for forming a connection between this annular groove 92 and an axial aperture S4; This axial aperture is in turn in communication with a transverse port- 95 formed in plug 80. This-transverse port-95(Fig. 5) is shown as alined with the horizontal passageway? 36 in cover 76. This passageway, is in communication with the upright? passageways,
88.. ., Thus the cylinder space 74Js in communicat tion.with. the. conduit 89 <sub>;</sub>by,way,,of. passageway?,, 88, .passageway. 96„.ροτί·95, axial passagew.ay,.?4>,, port 93, and annular recess 92, . '
It . is furthermore; apparent-that when taperefi ,,, plug .80 is. rotated in a counterclockwise.· direcj-,tion as. viewed in Fig, 5,,.the port 95;.can-be placed; -, out. of alinementwith passageway9 6; thereby ..in-,., terrupting.this.communication; and at:the.isame-...;. time port-85 can be alined^with-passageway 86ata<-:.
2,393,091 provide communication from the passageway 75 into the cylinder space 74.
The conduit 89 is furthermore in continual communication with a control cylinder 97, as by the aid of the aperture 98 in cover 76, and the aperture 99 in the bottom of the cylinder 97. Aperture 98 is in continuous communication with the annular space 92 of the tapered plug 80.
In order to open the valve closure 3, the plug 80 must be rotated to the position shown in Fig.
1. In this position the liquid pressure from conduit 31 is no longer effective to urge the pistons connected to the closure 3 upwardly. However, fluid pressure may yet be active through conduit 89, recess 92, port 93, aperture 94, port 95, and passageways 88, to hold the valve closed. As soon as fluid pressure in conduit 89 is released, however, the fluid pressure in conduit 31 is effective to urge the closure 3 downwardly and the valve opens. The fluid pressure conditions existing in conduit 89 can be made dependent upon the position of a preceding sprinkler head valve in the system. This pressure can thus be maintained until the preceding valve closes; and immediately thereafter the pressure is released and the valve closure 3 can move downwardly. The .manner in which this pressure is controlled in conduit 89 will be described hereinafter.
The control cylinder 97 is adapted to control the position of taper plug 80 so that these fluid pressures can be effective to cause the valve to open or close. Operating in cylinder 97 is the control piston, including the piston head 100 having a rod (0(. This rod is guided for vertical movement in the cylinder head (02. The piston head (00 is threaded into a flanged sleeve (03 having a horizontal flange (04. Between head (00 and flange (04 an expansible piston ring 105 can be confined, subjected at its interior to the pressure existing in chamber 97. This is accomplished by the aid of a radial aperture 106.
Joined to the rod (0( as by the aid of a pin (07 is a square rod (08. This square rod is guided in a square aperture (09 of a bracket I (0. This bracket 110 is shown as fastened to the exterior of the valve body as by bolts 111 (Fig. 2). By the aid of a system of links and levers, square rod (08 is joined to the plug 80 for rotating it. Thus carried by the rod (08 is a collar
112, fastened to the rod 108, as by a through pin
113. A horizontal extension 114 is supported on collar 1(2 and is pivotally joined to a link 1(5. This link in turn is pivoted to arm I i 6 joined to plug 80. Rotation of plug 80 by movement of link (15 is permitted by the provision of a slot 1( 7 in the boss 84.
It is aparent that when the rod (08 moves upwardly to the position shown in Fig. 2, the plug 80 is rotated in a clockwise direction. A corresponding downward movement of rod (08 causes a counterclockwise rotation of the plug 80, to place cylinder 74 into communication with conduit 3(, and to interrupt communication from cylinder space 74 to conduit 89.
The upward movement of the piston structure 100—103 is obtained by liquid pressure entering cylinder 97 from conduit 89; or alternatively an upward mechanical force can be utilized to pull rod 108. For this purpose rod (08 may be provided with an eye end 1(8. A tension spring (19 however, tends to pull the rod 108 downwardly. For this purpose the spring 1(9 is disposed around the rod (08 and is enclosed in a hollow pipe-like member 120. This member (20 forms virtually an extension of the guide member
110. Lower end 12 i of spring 118 is anchored into the member f 20. The upper end is anchored as shown at 122 to the rod 108.
When the rod 108 is pulled upwardly to the position shown, it is latched in that position until it is subsequently unlatched. For this purpose, a weighted catch 123 is provided, adapted to engage underneath the shoulder 124 provided on a tapered collar (25 on rod (08. This latch (23 is pivoted adjacent its upper end on a pin 126. This pin (26 is supported on opposite walls (27 and 128 of a U-shaped housing (29 fastened to the exterior of apron 19.
While the rod (08 is held in the elevated position shown, fluid pressure is prevented from entering cylinder 74 through passage 75. However,, after a certain number of revolutions of the sprinkler head 8, the latch (23 is released and spring 1(9 serves to return the piston structure (00—(03 to its lowermost position, and fluid pressure is then available to close the valve.
This release mechanism is illustrated most clearly in Figs. 1, 6 and 7. Thus a ratchet wheel 130 is provided, freely rotatable on a pin (31, passed transversely across the U-shaped extension 129. This ratchet wheel (30 carries one or more pins such as 132, which upon a sufficient rotation of wheel (30, acts to lift the arm (33 of the latch (23, thereby freeing rod (08. Advancement of ratchet wheel (30 is provided by an advancing pawl 134. This advancing pawl is pivoted by the aid of a screw 135 on a- slidable bar (36. Bar (36 is guided for sliding movement by the aid of a slot (37 in which are disposed a pair of stationary guide screws (38. The inner end of the sliding bar (36 is held against the outer surface of the rotating sprinkler head body 8 as by a flat leaf spring 139. The body 8, as shown most clearly in Fig. 6, is provided! with an exterior depression (40. As the depression (40 passes the inner end of sliding bar (36,. the spring (39 is permitted to pull the sliding bar (36 to the left; and as the depression 140 passes the bar 136, this bar (36 is urged to the right, causing advancement of the ratchet wheel (30. It is apparent that after a certain number of reciprocations of the bar 136 one of the pins 132 will serve to free the rod (08.
To prevent reverse rotation of ratchet wheel (30, a holding pawl (41 can be provided on pin. (26.
By referring to Figs. 1 and 17, the manner in which the sprinkler heads are operated in sequence can now be described. In Fig. 17 it is seen that conduit I can be joined as by an upright pipe (42 to a common header i 43. Disposed along the header 143, which can run underground, is a number of upright pipes 144, (45, etc. for conducting liquid under pressure to a number of sprinkler head stations 8, (46, 147, etc. The mechanism operating each of the sprinkler heads is indicated in a diagrammatic fashion. The sprinkler head 8 is shown as inactive, and the sprinkler head at station (46 is indicated as open, succeeding stations being closed.
Let us assume that sprinkler head 8 is in the closed position and that it is desired to start its operation. In the closed position, liquid pressure is effective in cylinder chamber 74 to urge the ‘ piston structure (labeled as 148 in Fig. 17) upwardly. For the present, it may be assumed that conduit 89 is vented to atmosphere. The sprinkler head 8 can thus be made active by pulling upwardly on rod 108, causing catch (23 to hold this rod in its upper position, as indicated in Fig.
2^393^91
5’
1. TheupWard movement of the rod 168 causes thb pluq'iit&'be'rotated;ahd<sup>!</sup>thb<sup>:</sup>passageOf-fluid’ through pastage way 75’is interrupted. Thefluid pressure in chamber 74 is relieved through port 9'6*affd'coiiduit OS.<sup>1</sup>' The valve closure 3 therefore opens, and’sprinkler head 0 becomes active. It rises and; rotates as described'heretofore.
Aff soon' aS 'pistoff structure 148<sup>:!</sup> lowers to tiie position illustrated for example at<sup>7</sup> the station 146,'liquid under pressure can paiss from'' conduit I downwardly around the ‘ cap' 58; and into-'a port 149 disposed in' thd' side” of the cylinder chamber. This liquid under pressure passes through a “stepper” coiiduit 158: This liquid connection is not established, however, until-the<sup>7</sup> annular space 15 ( (Fig. 1) underneath the cap 58' is opposite the port 149'.
TOe'fluid pressure’ injtlie'stepper··conduit· 150 ίέ effective'at statidh i46'‘tO;raise a' piston structure' (58 corresponding’ to piston structure (08^( 63 qf Fig. 1. At· this'station th6 plug 80' is controlled iff the same way as plug 88; the corresponding reference numerals being primed to indicate the corfeSpoiiding pa,rts at station 146; Theliquid pressure' tio’rn stepper conduit ISO passes around the plug' 88' iff. the annular passageway 92' and into the'cylinder space97', causing the piston 152 to' raise,and to fie held iff the position indicated in Fig. 17. At the same' time, port 86' is placed out of, commil'nicatioii with cylinder space 74'. However, at this stage valve closure 3' is not' lowered, because fluid pressure through stepper conduit' (50 is still' effective through port 35' to maintain a closing pressure in Cylinder 74’. Thus it may besaid that the sprinkler head structure at station: (46 is now conditioned for opening. Thff, valve closure 3' opens,, however, as soon as sprinkler head' 8 returns to inactive position. This Occiirs dsstated before, after a certain nurdber ,of revolutions of tlie sprinkler head. The pistoff structure 100—103 then returns to the position shown iff Fig. 17, and there is an interruption in the supply of liquid under pressure to the stepper condiiit 150. instead the stepper conduit i 50 is open to atmosphere through port (49, annular passageway 153, port (54, cylinder chamber 97, and a port 155 through cap 102. Accordingly, the closure 3' is depressed ,by liquid pressure .iff coiiduit (' and station (46 becomes active. This condition is illustrated in Fig. 17. .
As soon as station 146 becomes active, a stepper conduit (50' is supplied with liquid under pressure to prepare for theopening operation of- valve closure 3 at station Ϊ 47, The maiiffer in which this valve closure is operated is the same as mentioned heretofore in connection with valve closures 3and3'. . - .,The sprinkler head dt statloff (46, after being active for a definite period, releases the rod, 108', causing; a rotation of . taper plug 88' and- liquid pressure js then- effective . to close closure 3' through passageway 75''. The station (46 then returns to the position illustrated at the sprinkler head 8. As- soon, as this occurs, liquid pressure is relieved iff-stepper conduit 158', and station 147 becomes operative,
As many stations in succession as desired can be operated in the manner described, it is possible to restart the cycle before one cycle is fully completed. This can easily be effected by providing, a branch line to any of the stepper conduits, leading back to the first;sprinkler head..8-. In- the form shown in Fig. 17,- the station ,.147 has its stepper conduit 150 provided with a fiy'-pass steppbf 156-Teading babk rtb - conduit 89 of the first sffririMef head-^7.- Statiofi i47ffi'ay be any offe ‘ of ' the' stations - succeeding sprinkler head 8.
When such a · station, succeeding station 147 Is' operated, sprinkler head -8 is ’sihiultaffeouSiy operated, aS heretofore described, and a hew-cycle -or wave of operation begins. This new cycle, when it re'aches the statioii 147 causes·a 'third-Cycle to <sup>18</sup> be started. This series can<sup>1</sup> become'effective for as long :as desired; but a limit may be -placed thereon as by the aid of a needle valve mechanism 157 in; conduit' i 56;· discharging into a tilting measuring'bucket'15ff.· This bucket, when suf15 ficieritlylOa'ded; tilth and operates a valVe-159'iff coiiduit (56, to interrupt communication.'from stepper conduit (58' to the first station; This interruption is effective only after' the 'bucket'15^ is loaded sufficiently; aiidfiya proper degree of 20 opening of needle: valve 157 this can be effective only after'a' certain number'ofcycle's of operations of the sprinkler heaffT. .
Although manual means for starting the fifst' valve is indicated, it' is apparent that the; '.rod 25 (08 can be arranged to be Operated, automatically in response to definite'eohditions; such'as hUmidt ity and temperature. . .
Iff the form shown iff. Fig. 1, the popping'..up of the sprinkler .head-8'is provided'’ for with', re;-.
spect to the stationary casing^:' In the* form shown in Fig.' 16, the entire casing 5 'can’ be ra'isefi by-fluid-pressure in conduit (-instead of merely, the head· 7. This .is'-accOmplishecl by providlffg:
. casing'5'with a downwardly exteridihg'telescoping 85 sleeve 157'’ slotted-as indicated'at 158' for.the accommodation of· a guide pin· 153', Th'is.g.tiide pin- (59' extends through the-upwardly”directed branch (66' of conduit I oil which hteiaa 5'is accommodated. It is·apparent'that.liquid:pressure 40 in conduit ( will-act off the bottom lowersurface of the sleeve 157' to raise it, sihce-liquid'pressure is available underneath the casing'5:
It is not essential that the sprinkler head 8 be rotated'continuously-in-one direction;. In the 43 form shown in Figs. 13,-14 and' 15, the sprinkler head 8 is- shown so arranged that' it reverses its direction of rotation, after each half or other fraction of a revolution.
In this form of the-invention, the casing (6( is substituted for casihg .6, The sprinkler' body (62 corresponds to sprinkler body 8. It is,, however; restrained· against'upward movement, it being the intention, in this form,, to raise, ths whole casing . (61 as· illustrated in Fig. 16.
- The top Of the casing 161 is formed by a. suppiemental threaded extension (63. This extension lids a downwardly directed tubular guide 164, anil an upper flange (65 in which the sleeve (66 joined tb the body 162. can be rotated. In ,<sub>eo</sub> additioh to the top interffal gear 52, a bevel gear <sup>J</sup> (67 is shown, guided for rotary movement as by its hub (68 inside of the; guide (64. This bevel gear is provided with spokes (69 joined to hub (78, which is fastened, to the shaft 27. Spokes _ (69'are mechanically coupled to the sleeve i 66, <sup>a</sup> so that rotation of bevel gear 167 in either direction will impart rotation to the sprinkler body (62.
This rotation is effected alternately in opposite directions. One of these directions is secured by a series of gearing. Thus the internal gear 17 ( (corresponding to gear 52 of Fig. 1) is provided at its upper surface with a mutilated' bevel gear (72-. This bevel gearing extends for one13 half revolution, as indicated most clearly in Fig.
2,393,091
14. As the bevel gear 172 rotates in a counter clockwise direction, as indicated by arrow 173 of Fig. 14, it carries gear 167 around with it. This is accomplished by the aid of a-latch 174 pivoted on a pin 175 on gear wheel 172. This latch is urged by gravity to the position indicated in Fig.
15, so that an abutting surface 175' can cooperate with an abutment 176 depending downwardly fromthehub 177 of the bevel gear 167. Theabutment 176 is shown in Fig. 13 as having been advanced to a point corresponding to the axis of a small bevel pinion 177; and in Fig. 15, the abutment 176 has not yet reached that position.
During that portion of the revolution of mutilated gear 172 during which it is out of mesh with bevel pinion 177', the drive between gear 172 and abutment 176 is effective. However, as soon as mutilated gear 172 is about to enter into engagement with the bevel pinion 177', the latch 174 is depressed out of contact with abutment 176, as by the aid of the stationary collar (78. This stationary collar 178 acta upon a cam surface 179 at the forward end of latch 174, and depresses it at its forward end. In this way, the latch 174 passes underneath the abutment I7S. At the same time, bevel pinion 177' is rotated by the mutilated gear 172. This pinion, being in continual mesh with bevel gear 167 serves to drive it in a clockwise direction for a half revolution, corresponding to the angular extent of the mutilated gear 172. At the end of the half revolution, the latch 174 again engages abutment 176, which has been brought back a half revolution in a clockwise direction, by the rotation of gear 167, to a line diametrically opposite to the axis of bevel pinion 177'; that is, at the right hand side of the shaft 27 as viewed in Fig.
14. For the next half revolution·,· therefore, the movement is again counterclockwise, as illustrated in Fig. 14, until latch 174 is again disengaged by the stationary member 178. The clockwise rotation for a half revolution is then repeated.
The alternate half revolutions continue as long as the sprinkler is active. As before, the sprinkler head 162 can be provided with a depression similar to depression 140 in Fig. 6 to actuate the releasing mechanism once during each half revolution.
Contents13
14 sheets
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1 member in 1 office; this record represents the family
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Numbers
- Publication
- 2393091
- Application
- 36626740
Titles
- English
- System for irrigation
Classification
- CPC, 4
- A01G25/162
- B05B15/74
- Y10T137/86413
- B05B3/0417
- IPC, 3
- A01G25 16
- B05B3 04
- B05B15 10
