Automatic gun

July 11, 1944.

1_ S. TISDALE, SR

AUTOMATIC GUN

Filed March 21, 1941

2,353,601

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AUTOMATIC GUN

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July 11, 1944.

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Filed March 21, 1941

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ATTORNEYS

Patented July 11, 1944

2,353,601

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,153,601

AUTOMATIC GUN

Leo S. Tisdale, Sr., Meridian, Miss.

Application March 21,1941, Serial No. 384,555

Claims. (CI. 42—3)

This invention relates to automatic guns and has for an object to provide a multiple barrel gun and ammunition clips for holding a plurality of cartridges equal in number to the number of barrels so that a plurality of projectiles will be dis- 5 charged at each actuation of the firing pin.

A further object is to provide a gun having an ejector in the nature of a plunger adapted to be slid transversely into the path of the cartridge clip dislodged by gas rearwardly after each ex- 10 plosion and eject the used clip through the side of the receiver.

A further object is to provide a gun having a stationary triangular cam coacting with a spring controlled lever for effecting forward and retro- 15 grade sliding movement of the ejector.

A further object is to provide a gun having a controlling spring for moving the firing pm to operative position in predetermined spaced relation to the cartridge clip in the chamber, inde- 20 pendently of the firing pin carrier.

A further object is to provide a gun having a firing pin carrier movable rearwardly as a unit with the firing pin from operative-position in the receiver to permit the ejector to function. 25

A further object is to provide a device of this character which will be formed of a few strong, simple and durable parts, which will be inexpensive to manufacture, and which will not easily get out of order. 30

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, it being understood that various modifications may be resorted to 35 within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification: 40

Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a gun constructed in accordance with the invention showing a loaded clip in the chambers of tile barrels and showing the firing pin in normal position. 45

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gun taken on the line 2—2 of Figure 1 with the parts in the same position as shown in Figure 1 and also showing the ejector in top plan.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sec- 50 tional view of the gun with the parts in loading position.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 4—4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view taken on the 55 line 5—S of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing the cartridge clips and ejector in rear elevation.

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view taken on the line S—6 of Figure 1 showing the firing pin carrier controlling spring.

Figure 7 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 1—1 of Figure 4, showing the chambers of four barrels in rear elevation and showing the gas passage for conducting exploded gases into the ejector for assisting in ejecting a used cartridge clip.

Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 8—8 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrow, and showing the triangular stationary cam and coacting pin of the ejector for actuating the ejector.

Figure 9 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 9—9 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the pin of the ejector against the rear side of the triangular cam and holding the ejector guide casing, firing pin carrier and firing pin against forward movement until the ejector is completely withdrawn laterally out of • the receiver.

Figure 10 is a top plan view of the triangular cam.

Figure 11 is a cross sectional view of the cam taken on the line ί I—II of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a detail perspective view of the firingpin.

Figure 13 is a detail perspective view of the ejector.

Figure 14 is a rear elevation of the barrels and a cartridge clip showing the gas passages therein.

Figure 15 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view showing a cartridge clip interfitting with the rear end of the barrels of the gun.

Referring now to the drawings in which like characters of reference designate similar parts in the various views, in the present embodiment of the invention the gun is shown as haring four integral barrels ί 0, although any number of barrels may be employed. The barrels are mounted stationary in a suitable body II which extends rearwardly of the barrels and terminates in a stock 12. The body is provided on one side with an integral casing 13, best shown in Figures 2 and 4. The body is provided with a longitudinal cavity 14 which, together with the casing 13, houses the gun mechanism. The body is provided on the underneath side with a magazine 15 in which loaded cartridge clips 16 are stacked in a vertical row and fed upwardly by a spring

3,353,601

Π bearing against the removable bottom 18 of the magazine and against the lowermost loaded clip.

In the present embodiment of the invention, each clip is in the nature of a substantially rectangular block recessed to receive four cartridges 19 and having a back plate 20 removably secured in place by screws 21, see Figure 14, so that a used clip may be loaded by removing the back plate. The clip is provided preferably with three longitudinal passages 22 therethrough which reduce the weight thereof. The clip is provided at its forward end with a tongue 23 which is adapted to enter a groove 24 in a chamber 25 which is integral with all of the barrels to permit the clip to interfit with the chamber and be reinforced against being damaged by the exploding gases. The back plate of the clip is provided with a plurality of openings 26 through which respective points 27 on a firing pin 28 project to impinge against the detonating caps in the bases of the cartridges.

As best shown in Figure 4, a single elongated casing 28 is mounted for endwise sliding movement in the recess 14 of the body II. The rear end of the casing forms a firing pin carrier 30, its intermedite portion forms a receiver 31 and the forward end of the casing extends along the integral barrels 10 and is provided with a longitudinal gas passage 32 which communicates with one of the barrels through a port 33. Sliding movement of the casing is limited by the ends of the casing contacting the front and rear end walls 34 and 35 of the cavity 14. The casing is provided with an integral ejector housing 36 which extends transversely in the casing 13 and houses an ejector 37 which moves into the receiver 31 to eject a used cartridge clip through a longitudinal slot 38 formed in the. side of the body opposite the ejector;

The firing pin 28 is substantially rectangular in cross section, as best shown in Figure 6. The firing pin is slidably fitted in a firing pin guide 38 in the form of a hollow rectangular casing which is disposed within an opening 40 in the firing pin carrier 30, as best shown in Figure 4. The guide travels as a unit with the single elongated casing 29 and is provided with four longitudinal grooves 41. Helical compression springs are mounted in the grooves and bear at the front ends against the front end walls of the grooves and at the rear ends bear against respective projections 43 on the firing pin.

The springs 42 normally hold the firing pin in retracted position with the aforementioned, points 27 housed within a flange 44 formed on the front end of the guide, see Figure 4. The projections normally abut the rear walls of the grooves, while the rear end of the firing pin projects into an opening 45 in the firing pin carrier which is of sufficient height to receive the hammer 46, as indicated by dotted lines, see Figure 1. When the hammer impinges against the rear end of the firing pin, the points 27, of the firing pin advance beyond the flange 44 of the firing pin guide and enter the openings 26 in the cartridge clip back plate 20 to explode the cartridges. Immediately thereafter the hammer will be moved to cocked position, see Figure 3, by retrograde movement of the firing pin carrier under the force exerted thereon by reason of the rearward movement of the cartridge clip. At this time the springs 42 which have been compressed by the movement of the firing pin, return the firing pin to normal position in the firing pin guide.

A single spring 47, see Figures 1 and 6, is mounted in a groove 48 in the body 11 for returning the casing 29 , firing pin and firing pin guide to operative position after each gas impelled rearward movement thereof. One end of the spring is connected to an eye 49 at the front end of the recess and the other end of the spring is connected to an eye 50 carried by a projection 51 on the casing.

During forward movement of the casing, firing pin and firing pin guide as a unit, the flange 44 on the firing pin guide engages the back plate 20 of the cartridge clip which has been fed upwardly into the receiver by the spring 17 in the magazine, and shoves the cartridge clip home to firing position, as best shown in Figure 2. During initial stages of movement of the loaded cartridge clip to firing position, a beveled projection 62 on the casing 29 enters between the rounded edges of the loaded cartridge clip and the next underneath cartridge clip and forces the clips downward in the magazine, and finally lodges underneath the loaded clip to separate the loaded clip from the clips in the magazine, see Figure 1.

The aforesaid ejector 37 is in the nature of a plunger of substantially rectangular cross section, see Figure 13, and has combined rearward movement as a unit with the housing 36 and elongated casing 29, as well as movement transversely of the receiver 31 to eject a used cartridge clip. The ejector is provided in its working face with a chamber 64 having a port 65 adapted to register with a passage 56, see Figures 2 and 4, which extends longitudinally of the forward end of the casing 28 and at its forward end communicates with the aforesaid passage 32. The passage 32 registers with the gas port 33 at a predetermined stage of movement of the ejector to supply gas through the passage 56 to the chamber 54. The chamber opens through the working face of the ejector and directs the gas against the side of a gas impelled rearwardly moving used cartridge dip to assist the ejector in ejecting the clip.

For controlling movement of the ejector, a triangular cam 58, see Figures 4, 9 and 10, is mounted stationary in a depressed portion 59 of the casing 13 below and in rear of the ejector housing

36.. The cam has two sides forming a right angle, one of the sides extending longitudinally of the gun and the other transversely of the gun, and the hypotenuse side facing toward the receiver 31 of the gun. A roller in the nature of a pin 66 extends from the bottom of the ejector 37 and projects downwardly through a slot 61 formed longitudinally in the bottom of the ejector housing 36. The pin is adapted to ride along the three sides of the triangular cam and in so doing control ejecting movement of the ejector. :

As shown in Figure 2, the ejector is normally at its forward position in the casing 13 and is disposed in advance of the triangular cam 58. When the gun is fired, the ejector and its housing are carried by the elongated casing 28 rearwardly as a unit. The used cartridge clip impelled rearwardly by the exploded gases causes this movement of the elongated casing. When the used dip has cleared the chamber 25, the pin 66 of the ejector will encounter the inclined side of the triangular cam 58 and ride along the side of the cam thus imparting transverse movement to the ejector 37 while it is being carried through the final stage of rearward movement by the elongated casing 29. During this combined transverse and rearward movement, the ejector ejects,

2,353,801 the used cartridge clip through the slot 38 in the body II, see Figure 4.

At the rearward limit of movement of the ejector the pin rides onto the transverse side of the cam and the ejector is thereupon retracted by a lever 62 which is connected to the ejector by a link 63 and is pivoted, as shown at 64, on a post 66 which extends laterally from the elongated casing 29. A helical spring 66 is disposed between the elongated casing and the lever to retract the ejector. During retracting movement of the ejector from the receiver 31, the pin rides along the aforesaid transverse side of the cam and holds the elongated casing 29, and parts carried thereby, against being moved forwardly by its controlling spring 41, to permit a loaded clip being fed from the magazine into the chamber

26. When the pin 60 arrives at the longitudinal side of the cam, the controlling spring 47 of the elongated casing 29 quickly moves the elongated casing, firing pin guide and firing pin forwardly as a unit past the retracted ejector and shoves home the loaded cartridge clip from the position shown in Figure 4 to the position shown in Figure 2.

At the end of the longitudinal side of the cam the pin 60 is carried by the forwardly moving ejector 37 into contact with a spring pressed angular gate 67 which is pivoted Intermediate its ends in a recess in the inclined side of the cam. The forwardly moving pin trips the gate and moves on to its limit of forward movement to a position in advance of the cam, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 2.

The gate functions as a guide to start the pin 00 travelling along the inclined side of the cam when the gun is next fired. In normal retracted position of the ejector, the pin 60 is disposed outwardly of the triangular cam and the gate projects outwardly beyond the cam sufficiently to interrupt the pin on its rearward stroke and direct it onto the inclined side of the cam.

When the carrier 30 together with the ejector 37 and its housing have moved to the rearmost position shown at Figure 4, the passage 32 will register with the gas port 33 to supply gas through the passage 66 to the chamber 54 in the ejector to act with the ejector in the ejection of the clip.

A trigger 68 is mounted on a pivot pin 60 which is mounted in a trigger chamber 70 formed in the body f I in rear of the magazine 15. A sear 71 is formed integral with the trigger and lodges against a tooth 72 on a disk 73 which Is formed integral with the hammer 46 to hold the hammer cocked. A helical spring 74 is secured to the disk 73 and to a pin 75 disposed in the chamber 70 to rotate the hammer on its pivot pin 70 for firing the gun when the trigger is pulled to release the sear. A helical spring 77 is mounted within the chamber 70 and bears against the sear 71 to hold the sear in position to ride in back of the tooth 72 when the hammer is cocked by retrograde movement of the elongated casing 21, as previously explained.

After all the clips in the magazine have been used, the elongated casing 29, firing pin and firing pin guide will be in forward position, see Figure 2. To reload the gun, the elongated casing, firing pin and firing pin guide must be manually moved back to the position shown in Figure 70

4. For this purpose a pin 78 is secured to the side of the elongated casing 29 and projects laterally through a suitable slot in the body (I of the gun. The pin terminates in a knob 78 which may be grasped by the operator and pulled back to

JO withdraw the elongated casing bodily to its rear limit of movement. The knob is held back while the operator supplies the magazine with loaded clips. The uppermost loaded clip will be forced by the spring I7 of the magazine into the chamber 25, see Figure 3. When the operator releases the knob T9, the spring 47 moves the elongated casing, firing pin and firing pin guide forwardly as a unit to shove home the loaded clip, see ¹ Figure 2.

Since the operation of the mechanism has been described as the description of the parts progressed, it is thought that the invention will be fully understood without further explanation.