Exhaust of gases from engines

Jan. 16, 1940.

H COANDA

EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES Original Filed July 17, 1935

2,187,342

Sheets-Sheet 1

<img file="US2187342A_D0001.tif" />

INVENTOR:

HENRI COANDA

ATTORNEYS

Jan. 16, 1940. h coanda 2,187,342

EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES

Original Filed July 17, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2

<img file="US2187342A_D0002.tif" />

INVESTOR:

H&amp;NRI COANDA

<img file="US2187342A_D0003.tif" />

ATTORNEYS

Jan. 16, 1940. h coanda 2,187,342

EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES

Original Filed July 17, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 3

<img file="US2187342A_D0004.tif" />

Jan. 16, 1940.

2,187,342

H COANDA

EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES

Original Filed July 17, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4

<img file="US2187342A_D0005.tif" />

INVENTOR:

HENRJ COANDA

J5K

ATTORNEYS

Patented Jan. 16,1940

2,187,342

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,187,342 EXHAUST OF GASES FROM ENGINES Henri Coanda, Clichy, France

Original application July 17, 1936, Serial No.

91,062. Divided and this application July 14,

1937, Serial No. 133,300. In France July 17, 1935

Claims.

The present invention, which is a division of my expending application Ser. No. 91,062, filed July 17, 1936 relates to exhaust systems for internal combustion engines.

As disclosed by my prior Patent No. 2,052,869 when a fluid under pressure, such as exhaust gases, is allowed to escape, in the form of a flat sheet through a thin slot one of the lips of which is prolonged and gradually curved away from 10 said slot, there is produced along said lip a zone of suction, into which the surrounding air flows. Therefore, it will be readily understood that, if a series of such suction zones are disposed at intervals from one another and are arranged to 36 operate successively, the zone of suction created by the active lip of one of the slots'can. act upon the gases flowing out from the adjacent .slot and so on.

The object of the present invention is to pro20 vide an. exhaust device based upon this nrinciple.

According to the invention, this exhaust device includes a manifold receiving the exhaust gases through flat pipes and provided, at the places 26 where said flat pipes open thereinto, with sets of wing-like devices having, in longitudinal section, to the direction of flow of the gases, the shape of' tain slotted aerofoils. Thus, when passing through said slots, the exhaust gases expand ^,E>y along, the back faces o'f said wing-like devices (which constitute the prolonged lips above referred to! forming along said back faces zones of suction which draw the surrounding fluid.

_ Therefore, it will be readily understood that, it 1 dispose in a suitable manner in this manifold these wing-like devices and the outlets of the exhaust pipes, it is possible to obtain,, on a set of wing-like devices corresponding to one of the exhaust pipes through which the gases are conveyed to said manifold, a suction, capable of acting upon the gas stream, conveyed by the adjacent exhaust pipe, and so on.

Other features of the present invention will &lt;«1 ί^Γ(Ηη ®he following detailed description of some, specific embodiments thereof.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be hereinafter described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, given merely by ₅₀ way of example, and in which:

Mg. 1 and Fig. 2 are diagrammatic views illusstrating, respectively, the production of a suction zone on the outlet side of a thin slot one of ' the lips of which is suiBciently prolonged, and .the _e._f. reaction of an elmentary suction at the outlet of (CL 60—32) an exhaust slot on tne flow of the gases from the adjacent slot;

Fig. 3 shows an exhaust pipe element conveying the gases to the manifold;

Fig. 4, shows a radial engine provided with 5 exhaust pipes leading to a manifold according to the invention;'

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the manifold into which the exhaust pipes open;

Fig. 0 is a longitudinal section on an enlarged, jo scale of a slotted wing-like surface utilized in connection with the manifold according to the invention;

Fig. 7 shows an element of a circular manifold fitted on a radial engine, partly in section; 35

Fig. 8 shows a modification.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, if a gas flowing' at at high velocity is ejected .through a thin slot F ' (of a thickness of about 1.5 mm.), the gas expands along a prolonged lip Fi of the slot, creat- go tag thereon a zone of high suction, due to the ract that the gases expand considerably beyond their initial volume. Thus, in the hatched portion, there- is produced a considerable suction due to the expansion of the fluid, stream escap- gg ing at high pressure through the thin slot F and constituting a zone into which the surrounding air flows in the direction of arrows ψ.

Consequently, it will be readily understood that if distinct gaseous streams are ejected in go the same manner through adjacent orifices Fa, F&amp;, Fc (Fig. 2), at a small distance from, one another, it is possible, by the production, of suction zones Sa, Sb, Sc created at the outlet of each slot fey the gas stream issuing therefrom, to increase gg the suction of the preceding stream, and so on.

Referring to Mgs. 3 and 4, the fiat exhaust tubes 5, connected to tiie exhaust valve chambers 8 through tubes 2, first cylindrical, then of decreasing diameter.at 3 and flattened at 4, are provided at the rate of one per cylinder 7α, 7b, 7c, . . . of a radial engine δ.

Each flat tube 5 is connected, through flanges 8, to a flattened tube 9, bent for instance at SO and leading to a manifold ί L _4g

This manifold, a portion of which is shown in section by Fig. 5, consists of a piece including &amp; plurality of flat conduits such as ί2α, i2b, J 2c, into which open the flattened tabes 9. Opposite these fiat conduits are provided the wing-like de- ₅₀vices i3a, 113b, ί3c, respectively, one of which is shown on an enlarged scale by Fig. 6.

As shown in section by said Fig. 6, each of these '' wing-like devices consists of a plurality of solid elements i5i, (5a, Ilia, . . . 15a—1, 15» etc., sep- gg2 2,187,342 arated from one another by passages 14a, 14s, 14n—i, I4n, etc., forming thin slots. Preferably, these elements I5i, 15a, 153, . . . I5n-i, I5n, etc., are themselves of aerofoil section, with a rather 5 blunt leading edge 16. Preferably, also, the winglike devices 13α, 13b, 13c are slightly inclined with respect to the axes of the corresponding conduits 12α, 12b, 12c.

These wing-like devices are fixed in any suit10 able manner to the body of the manifold in the correct position with respect to the corresponding conduits.

Among these conduits, those which extend to a greater distance inside the manifold, such as 12α, 15 include, on the one hand a wall 17, coinciding with the wall of the manifold, and, on the other hand, a portion 18, for instance hollow at 19, and terminated by a slightly curved part 20, acting on the one hand as a deflector with respect to 20 wing-like device 13b and, on the other hand, as a guide for the gases flowing through tube 12α, so as to direct them toward the back side of the winglike device 13α.

The path of the gases, when travelling from the 25 engine to the manifold, is as follows:

After having undergone a helical movement and having been flattened in conduits 3, S, 5, the gases flow through flat tubes 9, until they enter flat conduits 12α, 12b, 12c.

The gases flowing through conduit 12α strike wing-like device 13α over its whole length, due to the inclined position of said wing-like device with respect to the inner face 17α of the wall 17 of said conduit.

³⁸ These gases are divided into elementary sheets flowing through slots 142, 143, ifln-i, I4n, etc. (Fig. 6). Therefore, considering, for instance, element I5n, there is created a zone of suction 26'n along the back side 26n of said element 40 15n, this zone of suction being slightly stippled on the drawings and projecting beyond the back face 22α of the wing device. The same happens for element ί5_n—i, forming a zone of suction 26'n-i along the back face 26n-i of said element, and for 45 all the other elements.

This is due to the fact that, referring to Fig. 6, thin slot 14n may be considered as equivalent, to the slot F of Fig. 1, the heavy-lined portion of the back face 26n of wing element I5n which extends 50 between the trailing edge of said wing element and line Xn—Kn being considered as equivalent to the prolonged rear lip Fi of said slot F.

As this suction zone 26'n extends slightly beyond the trailing edge of the preceding wing ele55 ment I5n-i, it reacts upon the surrounding fluid and, in particular, upon the gases that have flown through slot i 4_n-i and increases the suction effect created at 26'n-i and so on.

As these zones of suction 26'n, 26'n-i, etc. exβο tend slightly beyond the rear face 22α of the wing device, their combined actions produce, at 23α, a zone of suction along said rear face 22α of said wing-like device?

It is this suction which draws in, through the 65 free space 2i (Fig. 5) the gases flowing through conduit 12α which have not passed through slots 14₂, 143, . . . 14n—i, 14n, etc. The gases which thus pass through the free space 21 tend, as a consequence of the suction created at 23α along 70 the back face 22α of wing-like device Ί 3α, to run along said back face.

Therefore, in the zone existing between two symmetrical elements such as 13α and I3'a, there is produced a very strong suction due to the 75 accumulation of the elementary suctions created by said elements 13α and I3'a. This suction draws in the gases coming in through tubes 12b, 12c, and the space 29, 32 existing between winglike devices 13b, 13c, identical to the wing-like device ί 3α above described in detail. ®

It should be noted that the deflector portion 20 of piece 18 prevents any backward flow of the gases.

Also, it should be noted that the zone Z between wing-like devices 13b and 13c is a zone of suction 10 owing to the combined actions of the elementary suction zones 23b and 23c of said respective devices.

In a modification shown by Fig. 7, the manifold is constituted by a circular flat tube 34, into which 15 open flat tubes 35, into which open flat tubes 5 terminated by a flaring end piece in which there is mounted a wing-like device 36 similar to those above described and acting in the same way. Therefore, along each of these wing-like devices 20 36, there is created an intensified suction zone 37 which tends to draw in, in the direction of arrow 40, the gases contained in tube 34 ahead of this zone. The exhaust of the gases into the atmosphere may take place through silencers such as 38. 2a

In the modification of Fig. 8, the manifold is constituted by a flaring element 39 prolonging the flat exhaust tubes A and B connected, for instance, to different engine cylinders, said element 39 being provided with streamlined partitions con- 30 sisting of wing-like elements a and b, respectively, positioned with respect to one another in such manner as to constitute two wing-like devices similar to those above described in detail, the suetion created by wing-like device b acting on the other wing-like system a.

In a general manner, while I have, in the above description, disclosed what I deem to be practical and efficient embodiments of the present invention, it should be well understood that I do not 40 wish to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement, disposition and form of the parts without departing from the principle of the present invention as comprehended within the scope of the appended claims. 45