Padlock

Dec. 13, 1938.

S. WISE

PADLOCK

Filed June 11, 1937.

2,140,490

Sheets-Sheet 1

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Dec. 13, 1938. s. _WISE 2,140,490

PADLOCK

Filed June 11, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2

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:. 13, 1938. s _WISE 2,140,490

PADLOCK

Filed June 11, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 3

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Patented Dec. 13, 1938

2,140,490

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,140,490 PADLOCK

- Solomon Wise, Shaker Heights,'Ohio

Application June 11, 1937, Serial No. 147,747

Claims.

This invention comprises a lock of the generally known padlock type including a sliding shackle structure, the object of the invention being to provide simplified forms of such locks 5 wherein the sliding shackle member is mounted directly in connection with and for cooperation with a closed lock member for the shackle part. The construction of the invention is one that admits· of dispensing entirely with a casing for the 10 siiding'shackle member, or, according to modifications of the invention, such a casing may be formed as a part of the closing lock member,’or the shackle member, as desired.

A further object of the invention lies broadly 15 in the provision of a construction of padlock of the type referred to wherein the key by Which the relatively movable shackle and closing lock members are unlocked may be employed as an actuating member for causing the necessary relative 20 movement of such parts in effecting both the closing andopening of the lock. With the last mentioned objective in view, provisions are made in the form of tumbler mechanism including: a rotative tumbler barrel equipped with a gear and ₂₅ mounted upon one of the relatively movable locking parts with its gear arranged for coaction with a rack upon the other lock part so that a^: geared operating connection between the parts may be established' effective to cause the opening and 30 closing- action of said parts? under key control and movement.

A further object of the invention: involves the simple provisions employed for holding the relatively movable parts of the lock in 'proper associ35 ation for use and operation;· whether such provisions comprise casing elementscarried by One of the lock members to receive a portion, or the entire body of the other lbck member.

Still another object of the invention'involves 40 the unique formation of the lock parts for the assemblage and emplacement'of the tumbler unit including the several, parts operable by the key of the lock for controlling the unlocking action thereof and for effecting automatic locking when 45 · the shackle lock member· and the'*closing-lock member are moved to align the tumbler parts in a predetermined manner.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away ⁵⁰ and shown in section, of a preferred form of my padlock wherein the shackle lock member is Unencased, dotted lines showing the degree of relative movement of the closing lock member when ₅₅ shifted to an open position in relation to the shackle of its mating member.

Figure 2 is an edge side view of the lock of Figure 1, taken on a right angle to the view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the (Cl. 70—33) lock, the section being taken on the line 3—3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a complete side elevation of the lock looking in the direction of the view of Figure 1.

Figures 5 and 6 are complete edge views of the 5 lock, the view of Figure 5 looking in one direction and the'view of Figure 6 looking in the opposite direction to show clearly the disposition of the keyhole.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the lock as Ulus- 10 trated in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive.

Figures 8 and 9 are sectional and side elevational views, respectively, of a lock generally of the.construction shown in Figures 1 to 7, but with . the side formation of the lock members such that 15 'the front and rear sides are flush instead of formed with the protuberances found on the sides of the lock as seen in Figures 1 to 7.

Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 1 but illustrating a modification of the invention 20 wherein the tumbler barrel is comprised of a gear and is operable by a key for moving the shackle and closing lock members relatively to each other.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary view with the tumbler mechanism of the lock of Figure 10 illus- ..,trated in vertical section instead of in side ele- ⁵vation as in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view of the lock of the now referred to modification, taken about on the line 12—12 of Figure 10. ,

Figure 13 is a horizontal sectional view of the same lock, taken about on the line 13—13 of Figure 10.

Figure 14 is a view similar to Figure 1, but illustrating a further modification of the inven-,„tion wherein a casing member is carried by the ⁰⁰shackle member which is somewhat reverse of the construction of Figures 10 to 13.

Figure 15 is an edge view of the modification of lock of Figure 14, looking toward the keyhole. ₄₀side of the device.

Figure 16 is a sectional view taken about on the line 16—16 of Figure 14.

Figure 17 is a view in elevation showing the closing lock member alone. 45

Figure 18 illustrates a key of the type used for operating the lock' constructions of the present invention.

The construction of the lock of Figures 1 to 7 inclusive will first be described. Said lock com- 50 prises the shackle'member generally designated at A and including the body I and the approximately U-shaped shackle 2. Associated with the shackle member A? is the closing member generally designated at B comprising the end exten- 55 sion 3 having the socket or seat 4 formed therein to receive the free end of the shackle 2. The body 5 of the closing member is shaped generally similarly to the body I of the shackle member and of largely the same dimension, whereby 60

2,140,490 to provide a proper proportioning of the lock structure.

The connection between the body parts i and 5 is established by providing a sort of T-interlock5 ing groove structure provided by forming the body portion ί with side tongues 6 and adjacent grooves Ί. In turn the grooves 7 receive the tongues 8 on the closing member 5, the latter having grooves 9 to receive the tongues 6 of the 10 body i of the shackle member A.

By the provisions of the interlocking parts or portions 6, 7, 8, and 9, above described, it will be apparent that the shackle niember A and the closing member B are relatively slidable one upon 15 the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the lock. If desired, the member B may be cored out as at i Θ to decrease the weight of the part.

Suitable tumbler locking mechanism is pro20 vided intermediate the members A and B and is mounted upon the jaws I and 5, respectively, thereof. This tumbler mechanism may be of any suitable or conventional type, but that illustrated is of the class known as concentric sleeve or bar25 rel mechanism, as set forth in my United States Letters Patent Nos. 1,390,222 and 1,597,560 heretofore granted.

As seen in the drawings, said tumbler parts include cylinders or sleeves 11 mounted in a cored ³⁰ opening or recess 12 of the body 5 of the closing member B and disposed in alignment with similar cylinders or sleeves 13 carried in a similarly cored recess or opening 14 in the shackle member A. Of course the openings 12 and 14 of the 35 parts B and A respectively are adapted to be aligned and the inner contacting faces of the parts A and B, as shown at 15, establish a line of cleavage such that when the adjacent ends of the cylinders ii and 13 are brought into align40 ment with said line of cleavage the tumbler mechanism permits the relative sliding movement of the parts A and B to open the lock. When, however, any of the tumbler cylinders or sleeves project across the line of cleavage of the 45 contacting faces 15 of the parts A and B, the said parts A and B are locked firmly together against any opening movement as seen according to their positions in Figure 1.

The keyhole side of the lock is the side com50 prising the body 5 of the closing member B, and the keyhole 16 as shown in Figure 2 is of rectangular form so that the outer end of the bore 12 is largely closed and prevents escape or displacement therefrom of the several cylinders of' 55 the tumbler mechanism.

By introducing a flat key through the opening i 6 to engage the tumbler members 11, said members may be forced inwardly against the tension of certain springs 17 directly coacting with the ⁶⁰ members 13, until the adjacent ends of the members 1 I and 13 align with the line of cleavage or contacting faces 15 of the parts A and B, thereby releasing the locking connection between the ₆₅ parts A and B to permit the free relative movement thereof whereby the shackle member A at its shackle 2 is moved away from the closing member B, or vice versa.

For limiting the opening movement of the lock 70 parts A and B the innermost cylinder 13 in the bore or opening 14 of the shackle member A is adapted to ride in a recess 18 on the inner face of the closing member B and the end of said recess as shown at 18α forms a stop that prevents 75 the shackle part 2, and the member A in fact, from being wholly displaced from the closing member B, in an obvious manner.

In assembling the parts of the lock, the springs and tumbler sleeves or barrels of the tumbler mechanism will be placed in the respective re- 5 cesses 12 and 14 that are to contain the same, the tongue and groove parts 6, 7, 8, and 9 will then be interlocked, and as the parts A and B slide together the tumbler mechanism will be enclosed fully and rendered inaccessible for any 10 purposes of tampering, completing the assemblage of the lock parts A and B in an operative manner.

Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings show a construction of lock substantially like the construe- 15 tion of Figures 1 to 7 except that in Figures 8 and 9 the opposite longer sides of the lock are entirely flat as shown at C instead of having the protruding rib portions D, see Figure 4, that are provided with the tongue and groove features 6, 20 7, 8, and 9 of the construction of Figures 1 to 7 inclusive.

The construction of the invention in Figures 10 to 13 will now be set forth. According to this modification, the body 5' of the closing member 25 is formed with a casing member 5α and the body I' of the shackle member A' is movable in and partially out of said casing member 5α. As best seen in Figures 10 and 11, the tumbler sleeves and cylinders carried by the closing member B' 30 are enclosed in a tumbler barrel 19 which is locked against displacement by the lock ring 20 engaging its outer end and interengaging the member B'.

The said tumbler barrel 19 is equipped with ‘35 a toothed pinion 2i at its inner end and said toothed pinion meshes with a toothed rack 22 which is formed on the body i' of the shackle member A'.

The tumbler mechanism illustrated is substan- 40 tially like that previously set forth, with the exception, of the pinion or gear feature of the tumbler barrel 19.

When the key 23 for operating the tumbler mechanism is inserted in the key opening 24, 45 the said key interengages with the tumbler barrel 19 and by turning the key, at the same time pressing inwardly thereon, the tumbler sleeves Or cylinders are caused to have their inner ends aligned with the contacting faces of the parts 50’ A' and B', and simultaneously the rotation of the barrel 19 through the engagement of the pinion 21 with rack 22 causes a positive actuating movement to be imparted to the shackle member A' to open its shackle 2' in relation 55 to the extension 3' of the closing member B'. It may be noted that the key opening 24 above referred to is in the form of an elongated slot the longer dimension of which is seen best in Figure 11 and the narrower’ or transverse dimen- 00 sion of which is shown in dotted lines in Figure 13. The key opening in size conforms with the flat cross sectional dimension of the key and said opening is really formed in the outer end of the tumbler barrel 19. Thus, introduction 05 of the key 23 into the opening 24 interlocks the key with said tumbler barrel 19, enabling the key to turn the barrel after the key at its inner end portions has pressed inwardly the outer sleeves or cylinders of the tumbler mechanism, 70 until the inner ends of these sleeves are aligned with the line of cleavage between the adjacent sides of the shackle member A' and the body 5' aforesaid.

At its lower end the body I' of the shackle 75

2,140,490 member A' is equipped with an extension 22α projecting from the lower end of the rack 22 and forming a stop to limit the opening movement of the shackle member A' as its body moves ₆ out of the casing member 5α.

“ It is apparent from the foregoing that the just described construction affords a means whereby the key for opening or unlocking the lock parts affords a positive actuating means 10 for relative shifting of the lock parts to an open position. While the tumbler barrel 19 has free rotary movement, it does not move endwise, as will be obvious. Of course, the inward movement of the shackle member A' as it operates in the casing 5α is limited by the abutment of the inner end of the body I' with the bottom or innermost portion of the casing 5α.

Another modification of my invention is shown in Figures 14 to 17, which modification will now 20 be set forth. In this modification the shackle member is designated A generally, haying its body I” and shackle 2. The closing member is designated 3 as to its extension that coacts with the shackle 2”, and generally designated as 2g B. The shackle member A” in this construc* tion is formed with the casing construction somewhat like the part 5α shown in Figures 10 to 13, said casing extension being designated 25 and enfolding or surrounding the closing shackle «Ο member B” which freely slides in the casing extension 25 because the casing extension 25 is open at both its upper and lower ends. The range of the sliding movement of the part B” is illustrated by dotted lines in Figure 14.

__ Now according to the modification being de^M scribed, the tumbler sleeve or cylinder mechanism is largely like that previously described, excepting that it is assembled and mounted in the lock parts a little differently. In this instance the closing member B has its bottom 5” formed ⁴⁰ with a horizontal or transverse opening 26 extending entirely therethrough to receive the tumbler parts which are to be carried by this member. The shackle member A is likewise formed with a horizontal opening 27 entirely through ⁴⁸ the same for receiving and assembling in place the tumbler parts carried therein. However, when the tumbler parts have been assembled in the openings 26 and 27 as shown in full lines in

Figure 14, by passing through or into the open⁸⁰ ings aforesaid through the outer end of the opening 27, said outer end of opening 27 is permanently closed by a knurled plug 28, after known practice of use of such plugs, thereby sealing the tumbler mechanism in place against accessibility save for operation by the key which will be introduced into the outer end of the opening 26 through a key slot or opening 24”.

It being borne in mind that the closing mem ber B” of the present construction carries cer⁸⁸ tain of the tumbler parts that are required to be forced inwardly to bring their inner ends to the line of cleavage established by the contacting faces of the members A” and B”, whereupon the closing member B may be moved out of ⁸⁸ the casing member 25 for opening of the lock, it is necessary that the slot 24” be considerably elongated, which accounts for its construction as seen in Figures 14 and 15. Said slot 24” is JO about two times the diameter of the recess or opening 26 in respect to the length of said slot, and permits the key to move downwardly as the parts are seen in Figure 14 when the tumbler mechanism is actuated by the key to enable the unlocking of the lock. At such time of course the downward movement of the key actuates the closing member to effect the opening operation thereof respecting the shackle member A”.

For limiting the opening movement of the clos- 5 ing member B” as it slides in the casing 25, the innermost tumbler part carried by the shackle member A” is adapted to ride in a recess 18”, the end 18”' of which forms a stop after the manner of the corresponding parts 18 and 18α 10 in the Figure 1 construction.

It will be evident that according to· the constructions of the last two modifications described the key may be employed to initiate and effect the movement of one lock part relatively to the 15 other in causing the opening of the lock, the key being rotated for this purpose in one modification and caused to slide in respect to the other modification.