Boiler and heating apparatus

March 1, 1938.

2,109,656

A. H. THOMPSON ET AL

BOILER AND HEATING APPARATUS

Filed April 3, 1934

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Rassell Whcfnpi on.

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Patented Mar. 1, 1938

2,109,656

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,109,656

BOILER AND HEATING APPARATUS

Alfred H. Thompson and Russell F. Thompson, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application April 3, 1934, Serial No. 718,782

Claims. (Cl. 122—367)

This invention relates to improvements in boilers and more particularly to heat transfer elements adapted to be used in conjunction with water heaters and steam boilers to transmit heat 5 from the heat zone into the heat absorbing zone such as the interior of a water heater, steam boiler, condenser and heat exchanger.

An object of this invention is to provide novel means to absorb a maximum amount of heat 10 from the gases of combustion which convey the heat from the furnace chamber to the heating surfaces of the boiler, and to provide a maximum area of heat absorbing surface upon which the hot gases impinge.

i 5 An object of our invention is to provide a novel element adapted to extend through a boiler and project beyond the boiler shell at either side, and which is particularly useful in boilers of the high pressure type whereby economy of fuel and 20 rapid generation of heat may be obtained, and which element will also act as a stay for the boiler.

Another object of our invention is to provide a novel heat transmitting element which may 2.-> be easily and quickly incorporated into any particular type of high pressure boiler, and which is incorporated therein in a novel manner whereby there are no seams or joints which may leak or become weakened and cause an explosion, and 30 which may be readily adapted to use with high pressure steam generating units conforming to the A. S. Μ. E. code.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel and useful provi35 sion, formation, construction, association and interrelation of parts, members and features, all as shown in the accompanying drawing, described generally, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

⁴⁰ Other objects, advantages and features of invention may appear from the accompanyingdrawing, the subjoined detail description and the appended claims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates the in^4;> vention in some of the forms we at present deem preferable.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a high pressure boiler disclosing the arrangement of continuous heat transfer elements therein.

⁵⁰ Fig. 2 is an elevational view partly in section of one of the continuous heat transfer elements.

Fig. 3 is a detail in section of the small end of the element disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 showing the formation of the shoulder provided for rivet’⁵ ing and welding.

The invention consists primarily in the introduction of the heat transfer elements disclosed in detail in Figs. 2 and 3 into boilers, heaters, condensers and heat exchangers of different types for the purpose of more efficiently absorbing the 5 heat contained in the gases of combustion passing to the flue from the combustion chamber or furnace and transmitting the heat so absorbed to the interior of a chamber and dissipating the heat so transmitted by radiation to the matter 10 within the chamber to be heated.

In Fig. 2 there is disclosed a continuous form of the element adapted to extend through a boiler and project beyond the boiler shell at either side. The heat transfer element comprises a circular 15 body 29 threaded as at a adjacent one end to be screwed into the threaded plate 38 and is further provided with a shoulder 3i adapted to seat against the plate 38 when the element is screwed tight; the end 32 extends outside the plate 38 and 20 is preferably square to provide a seat for the use of a wrench.

The opposite end 33 of the body 29 is threaded to provide for it being screwed into the threaded plate 34 and when screwed therein may be riveted 25 into place as shown by the shoulder 33, while the body 29 extends to form the end 33.

The threaded portions 23 and a may be a tapered thread which when screwed home will tightly fit its associated threaded opening and in 30 that event the shoulders 22 and 3S may be dispensed with and the elements are thereby more peculiarly adapted to fit a rounded surface.

As will be seen in Fig. 1 the body 29 may be of any desired length to fit any particular type of 35 high pressure boiler or any part of any boiler, and when the elements are placed in a criss cross and vertical arrangement provide the maximum of heat transferring means for extremely rapid generation of steam, and act as stays for the 40 boiler.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the boiler comprises a Are box or furnace 36 having an oil or gas burner 37, the furnace opening into a chamber 38 that is an extension of said Are ⁴⁵box and connecting by means of ports 33 with the gas passages 40 thence to the Aue 4L

The sides of the furnace 36 extend upwardly to form the boiler setting 42 which supports the boiler shell 43 and the outside jacket or shell ⁵⁰44 which are removably mounted thereon.

The boiler shell ¢3 is provided with a bottom section 45 Armly secured as by rivets 46 or welding, and a top 47 is similarly secured to the shell 43. ⁰⁵

2,109,656

The heat transfer elements 48 are passed through the boiler shell 43 and are secured thereto by riveting or welding, the elements 49 are placed crossways and similarly fastened, and the elements 50 pass through the top 47 and the bottom 45 and are similarly secured. The projecting ends 32 and 33 of the several elements project into the gas passages 40 and absorb heat which is thereupon transmitted into the interior of the boiler and dissipated to the contents of the boiler. The relatively large area of heat absorbing elements thus provided materially increases the heat absorption from the gases and materially increases the speed with which the contents of the boiler may be heated. This form of boiler is especially-adapted for use where rapid generation of high pressure steam is required.

It is the intention that the furnace herein disclosed be supplied, in reduction to practice, with the conventional inlet and outlet valves, pressure gauges, water height glasses, automatic water injectors or pumps, automatic furnace controlling mechanism, and such other controls, registers and mechanisms as may be required for the satisfactory operation of the boiler in its various uses, and the invention is to be considered as applicable to use with any and all modern improvements in the art.

In the construction of boiler plate it has been found that the grain of the metal comprising the plates lies in a direction lengthwise of the plate. It is to· be understood that in the manufacture of the heat transfer elements herein described that the materials from which they are made are to have a grain trend so that the grain runs lengthwise of the element and thus cross ways to the surrounding boiler plate when the elements are associated therewith.

The transfer of heat through the elements from one end of the element to the other is by conduction. There being a free allowance for expansion and contraction between the end of the element subjected to the heat and the end radiating the heat and therefor possibility for any leakage by fracture of joints is eliminated.

The elements disclosed in Figs. 2 and 3 are particularly adapted to be used when foreign substances. are present in the water.

Steam boilers or generators constructed with our novel transfer elements enable us to construct a boiler with a maximum amount of liberating surface which is not possible to obtain with other types of boilers or generators.

The heat transfer elements are preferably made of mild steel, but may also be made from cast iron, cast steel, cold rolled, brass alloy, copper or any material that will give the results required in the work required.

Upon reduction of the invention to practice service tests proved that this form of boiler construction produced great economy and conserva tion of fuel, the least waste, material decrease in stack temperature, a minimum of cooling surfaces of boilers, and a greater storage of latent heat than any other form of boiler.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we g have constructed a novel heating apparatus and method of heating liquid bodies without requiring the use of tubes, coils or flues which have heretofore been required in heating apparatuses.

The invention is readily adaptable to many io forms of boilers, water heaters, condensers and heat exchangers and may be incorporated into heaters, steam generators, superheaters, melting pots, cookers, kettles, or any heating or radiating apparatus for use with either liquids or solids, for 15 either heating or pressure work.

Certain modifications of the invention in reduction to practice will present themselves to one versed in the art, and such modifications may well be made without departing from the spirit of the 20 invention as defined in the following claims.

With our novel heat transfer elements associated with boiler shells we have discovered that in actual tests with boilers of the character illustrated, steam generated to a gauge pressure oi 25 50 lbs. will deliver steam at a temperature of 400 degrees Fahrenheit and equal in temperature to steam at about 225 lb. gauge pressure, thereby providing a boiler which will superheat the steam in each instance that the boiler shell is provided 30 with our heat transfer elements above the usual water line.