Device for securing a support structure to a flat roof

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLCIATIONS

0001This application is a continuation of PCT/EP2011/060341, filed Jun. 21, 2011, which claims the benefit of German Patent Application No. 102010036305.7, filed Jul. 8, 2010, both of which are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth.

BACKGROUND

0002The invention relates to a device for securing a support structure, such as a stand, frame, profile part, or solar module carrier on a flat roof, provided with an insulating layer covered by a sealing strip, comprising an upper connection element for the support structure, a spacer member that can be passed through an opening in the sealing strip and the insulating layer to support the upper connection element on a roof sub-structure, and at least one anchor part to anchor the spacer member on the roof sub-structure.

0003One fastening device is known from the document DE 20 2004 005 224 U1, which is here called an assembly system, which is particularly embodied to form an upper connection element as a profile adapter, which guides a profile carrier in a displaceable fashion. The assembly system comprises an assembly foot, which is anchored perpendicularly in reference to the longitudinal carrier on the roof sub-structure using two anchor fasteners. In order to support the upper connection element on the roof sub-structure two spacer parts embodied cup-shaped are used, which contact the supporting roof sub-structure with a bottom. Two holes must be produced in the insulating layer for the two spacer parts, which additionally must be aligned with bores for an anchor fasteners in the assembly foot. The assembly of each assembly foot is therefore complicated. Furthermore, the tipping stability of the assembly foot, with its base area being a narrow rectangle, is respectively low. Longitudinal carriers are necessary to compensate the low tipping stability, which connect the assembly feet arranged successively. If a punctual fastening of a support structure is necessary instead of longitudinal carriers, thus no longitudinal carrier is present, the tipping stability cannot be improved. Finally, the assembly system of prior art is designed for certain thicknesses of insulation materials. In case of different thicknesses of insulation materials differently embodied spacer parts must be used. This assembly system of prior art is not suitable for the assembly of solar modules on already existing flat roofs, because the insulation layer must be passed through the two pressure plates, thus can only be applied subsequently when the cup-shaped spacer parts with the lower pressure plate already rest on the roof sub-structure.

0004A similar fastening device known from the document DE 20 2006 007 948 U1 forms a support system to introduce loads via a support structure into a carrying roof sub-structure with a trapezoid sheet metal, which rests on the binders of the roof sub-structure. A foot element at the lower end of the spacer part is provided to connect to the roof sub-structure, which stands on the recessed beads of the trapezoid sheet metal and can be fastened on the binders. The spacer part extends between the foot element and the connection element and is connected to these two elements. The foot element overlaps the raised bead of the trapezoid sheet metal in order to rest directly on the roof sub-structure. Accordingly it is so wide that it cannot be guided through the sealing strip and the insulation layer for assembling the fastening device, but must be assembled on the trapezoid sheet metal before the sealing strip and the insulation layer are applied on the trapezoid sheet metal. This aggravates the subsequent application e.g., of solar modules for photovoltaic and collector installations on already existing flat roofs, which are already provided with a sealing strip and an insulation layer. In order to allow connecting the fastening device of prior art with the roof sub-structure first at least the sealing strip must be removed and the insulation layer be opened so that the foot element can be placed on two adjacent recessed beads precisely above the binder and then screwed via two screws to the binder. Only thereafter the sealing strip can be reapplied. Finally, the spacer part can project far beyond the sealing strip so that the sealing strip can be pulled up at the spacer part for sealing purposes and connected thereto in a sealing fashion.

0005In another, similar fastening device known from the document EP 1 619 727 A2 the spacer parts are embodied as anchor feet, each comprising a plate as a foot part which can be fixed via a screw connection, by which they are directly screwed onto the supportive sub-structure. This fastening device is even less suitable for a subsequent assembly on an existing flat roof, because the anchor feet penetrate not only the insulation layer but also the trapezoid sheet metal.

0006In a roof fastening device of prior art known from the document DE 10 2007 053 556 A1 a penetration element is provided, which comprises a threaded rod, which is welded to a cover element. Such a roof fastening device can be fastened on an existing flat roof subsequently because for the penetration element only one bore hole must be created, which penetrates the sealing strip and the insulating layer. The threaded rod can be guided through a trapezoid sheet metal and directly anchored in the roof sub-structure. In order to improve the sealing the cover plate is sealed at the sealing strip. This roof fastening device can therefore be used on an existing flat roof, however the carrying capacity and the stability with regards to tipping and distortion are relatively limited by the use of a threaded rod as the penetration element.

0007A fastening device of the type mentioned at the outset is known from the document WO 2007/093421 A2. In this fastening device the spacer device is formed by three units. The roof skin must be cut open, so that these three units can be inserted. One of the units carries a sealing collar, which subsequently must be glued or welded to the remaining roof skin. The units comprise two large-area support plates, between which a threaded rod is screwed in as a spacer element in threaded sections of two tube sections, which are welded to the support plates. Due to the large-area support plates the roof skin including the insulation layer must be cut open over a large area. As already mentioned, the use of a threaded rod as a spacer element is problematic with regards to stability concerning tipping and distortion. Finally, in this fastening device the threaded rod is the only variable part of an assembly group formed from three units, which must be warehoused in various lengths.

0008From the document FR 2 831 576 A1 a block is known for fastening a support rod of a banister or a barrier. The fastening block serves to fasten a holding rod or a rod carrying a safety barrier on a concrete plate, which may represent a balcony or terrace plate. This plate is coated with a sealing and insulating layer, with at least a portion being pulled upwards at the block. The block embodied like a bushing is screwed to a base showing a greater diameter. The sealing and insulating layer can be pulled upwards at the block after the assembly of said block resulting in the type of assembly problems described above.

SUMMARY

0009The objective of the invention is to embody a fastening device of the type mentioned at the outset such that flat roofs with most differently thick insulation layers can be retrofitted without any problems and that here high holding forces as well as stability with regards to tipping and distortion can be achieved.

0010This objective is attained according to the invention in a device of the type mentioned at the outset, such that a spacer device represents a spacer part embodied as a cylindrical and/or tubular profile or hollow profile part, which is embodied for each flat roof that it can be cut to length according to the insulation layer and the sealing strip and can be placed with its base directly and over its full area through the openings on the roof sub-structure, with at the radially exterior edge of the profile or hollow profile part axially penetrating hollow chambers or grooves are formed extending in the longitudinal direction, respectively serving as a guide element for an anchor fastener.

0011The existing flat roof can easily be retrofitted with the fastening device according to the invention because in the sealing strip and the insulating layer only intersecting cuts and/or a small openings or bores must be created, with the diameter or the clear width of the openings in the sealing strip and the insulating layer essentially being equivalent to the diameter or the thickness of the spacer part. The individual spacer part comprising the spacer device can then be guided into these openings and anchored via the anchor fasteners directly on the roof sub-structure, with the guide elements facilitating the placement of the anchor fasteners. The cutting to length, which may be performed on site, generally occurs such that the spacer part essentially ends flush with the sealing strip after placement. Subsequently the sealing strip is resealed at the insertion site of the spacer part, beneficially with the help of the upper connection element on which then a solar module carrier can be fastened. Strong holding forces are ensured here because the cylindrical spacer part shows a large base area, by which it rests directly and over its entire surface on the roof sub-structure. This way, and by the multitude of anchor fasteners used the stability regarding tipping and distortion is also ensured. The fastening device according to the invention can be easily installed subsequently because for its assembly operation is required only from the top.

0012Advantageous embodiments of the fastening device according to the invention represent the objectives of the dependent claims.

0013In one embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention, the axially penetrating hollow chamber or the groove is embodied in the spacer part or in a projection at the spacer part, which extends from the upper end of the spacer part only slightly towards the bottom.

0014In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the spacer part comprises a longitudinal axis and a hollow chamber on a virtual circle and/or in a corner of a virtual polygon around a longitudinal axis. This way a particularly secure anchoring of the spacer part, stable with regards to distortion and tipping, is yielded on the roof sub-structure.

0015In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the upper connection element comprises an upper and a lower connection flange to clamp the sealing strip. This embodiment allows the creation of a sealed connection of the device to the sealing strip in a simple fashion.

0016In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the upper connection flange represents a part of the connection part of the connection element. This way the fastening device can easily be adjusted to any embodiment of a solar module carrier regardless if it represents a stand, a frame, or a profile part.

0017In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention at least the lower connection flange is fastened by the anchor fasteners on the spacer part. This way stability with regards to distortion and tipping is also ensured between the connection flange and the spacer part simply by the placement of the anchor fasteners.

0018In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the upper connection flange is fastened on the lower connection flange by additional fasteners. This expands the connection options and (allows) different embodiments of the connection element and still ensures a safe fastening of the upper connection flange on the lower connection flange and a sealed clamping of the sealing strip.

0019In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the additional fasteners are arranged on a virtual circle about the longitudinal axis, which is located radially inside or outside the virtual circle of the guide element or elements. In this embodiment a symmetrical and consistent mutual fastening of the two connection flanges is achieved.

0020In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the upper and the lower connection flange show centering elements for a mutual centering. This way the assembly of the fastening device according to the invention is additionally facilitated.

0021In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention additionally or alternatively to these centering elements the connection element is provided with a ring as a centering aid. In this embodiment the ring may represent e.g., a magnetic ring so that the centering of the spacer part can be achieved in a contactless fashion and without piercing the sealing strip.

0022In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the connection part is provided with a connection fastener for connecting to the support structure or for connecting to other connection elements. This embodiment expands the options for use of the fastening device.

0023In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the spacer part represents an extruded profile or a hollow profile part. This embodiment allows a simple production of the spacer part, particularly from an electrically and/or thermally insulating and/or oscillation muffling material.

0024In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the anchor fastener represents a screw, a self-tapping or thread molding screw, or a spike, a concrete nail, or the like. In this embodiment the anchoring of the fastening device may be shaped according to the embodiment of the roof sub-structure in which the anchor fastener shall be anchored.

0025In another embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention the spacer part is provided with a base plate. The base plate may be embodied as a thermally and/or electrical and/or oscillation muffling insulation element or generally as a separating element made from a material other than the spacer part. Being a thermally insulating element it contributes to the reduction of thermal bridges. Here, the base plate serves no purpose, like the one of the foot element in the generic fastening device according to the above-discussed DE 20 2006 007 948 U1 but it is embodied as an element similar to the spacer part itself. The base plate could therefore be embodied like a lower section which is separated from the remaining part of the spacer part, shows the same cross-section; however, comprises a different material, for example. In the simplest case the spacer part is simply embodied in two parts, with the bottom part being placed with the spacer part on the roof sub-structure, optionally comprising the same material as the spacer part or a different one.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

0026In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail with reference to the drawings. Shown are:

0027<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> a first exemplary embodiment of a fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section,

0028<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> a detail of a modification of the fastening device according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>,

0029<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> a second embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section,

0030<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> a detail of a modification of the fastening device according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref>,

0031<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref> a cross-sectional view along the line V-V in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref>,

0032<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 6</figref> a cross-sectional view along the line VI-VI in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref>,

0033<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> a third embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section,

0034<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> a cross-sectional view along the line VIII-VIII in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref>,

0035<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref> a fourth embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section along the line IX-IX in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref>,

0036<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref> a cross-sectional view along the line X-X in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref>,

0037<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 11</figref> a cross-sectional view along the line XI-XI in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref>,

0038<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 12</figref> a fifth embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section, and

0039<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 13</figref> a cross-sectional view along the line XIII-XIII in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 12</figref>.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

0040<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> shows a first embodiment of a fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section, overall marked <b>100</b>. The device <b>100</b> serves to fasten a support structure, such as a stand, frame, profile part, or a solar module carrier <b>12</b> selected here as the example for the description, of which here only a flat profile part <b>14</b> is shown, on an flat roof overall marked <b>16</b>, which shows a roof sub-structure <b>17</b> comprising a roof carrier <b>15</b> and a trapezoid sheet metal <b>18</b> fastened thereon and shown in a cross-section as well as a vapor barrier <b>19</b> applied on said trapezoid sheet metal. The flat roof <b>16</b> is provided with an insulating layer <b>24</b>, usually of little or no load bearing capacities and covered by a sealing strip <b>22</b>.

0041The fastening device <b>100</b> comprises a spacer device, which essentially includes a spacer, overall marked <b>120</b>, which can be guided through an opening <b>26</b> in the insulating layer <b>24</b> (and according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> through an opening <b>27</b> in the sealing strip <b>22</b>) on which an upper connection element <b>150</b> is arranged for the solar module carrier <b>12</b>. The spacer part <b>120</b> supports the connection element <b>150</b> directly on the roof sub-structure <b>17</b>. The spacer part <b>120</b> is typically an extruded or hollow profile part provided with a large base area, which may show a cross-section as illustrated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref>, <b>8</b>, <b>10</b>, or <b>13</b>, explained in greater detail in the following.

0042The spacer part <b>120</b> is a cylindrical hollow profile part, with its interior chamber preferably being foamed as indicated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>. At the radially exterior edge of the spacer part <b>120</b> axially penetrating hollow chambers <b>122</b> are formed, circular in their cross-section in the exemplary embodiment shown, each of which serving as a guide element for an anchor fastener <b>28</b>, in the exemplary embodiment shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> representing a self-tapping or thread-molding screw. The hollow chambers <b>122</b> may be radially open at the exterior or partially open, i.e. embodied as grooves extending in the longitudinal direction and more or less open towards the outside, with their cross-section may show a C or V-shape.

0043The connection element <b>150</b> comprises a connection part <b>151</b>, showing an upper connection flange <b>152</b> at its lower end in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>, and a lower connection flange <b>154</b>. The hollow spaces <b>122</b> of the spacer part <b>120</b> are arranged in equal distances on a virtual circle about a longitudinal axis <b>124</b> of the spacer part <b>120</b>. The lower connection flange <b>154</b> shows at its upper side recesses for the head of the anchor fastener <b>28</b>, which match the hollow spaces <b>122</b>, thus are equivalent to the partial hole image of the spacer part <b>120</b>. When the anchor fastener <b>28</b> is guided through the lower connection flange <b>154</b> and is screwed into the upper belt of the trapezoid sheet metal <b>18</b> it finally contacts with its head the top of the lower connection flange <b>154</b> so that with the anchoring of the spacer part <b>120</b> on the roof sub-structure <b>17</b> simultaneously also the lower connection flange <b>154</b> is anchored on the spacer part <b>120</b>. The upper connection flange <b>152</b> is provided with openings through which additional fasteners <b>32</b> are screwed into the lower connection flange <b>154</b> in order to anchor the upper connection flange <b>152</b> formed at the connection part <b>151</b> on the lower connection flange <b>154</b> and thus on the spacer part <b>120</b>.

0044The upper and the lower connection flanges <b>152</b>, <b>154</b> show centering elements <b>153</b> and/or <b>155</b> for a mutual centering. In the exemplary embodiment shown and described here the centering element <b>153</b> is a central tip formed at the connection part <b>151</b> and projecting downwards. The centering element <b>155</b> is a conical recess in the lower connection flange <b>154</b>, into which the centering element <b>153</b> is inserted from the top as shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>. Finally the connection part <b>151</b> is provided at the top with a central bore <b>156</b>, in which a fastening element is screwed as a connection fastener <b>160</b> in order to anchor the flat profile part <b>14</b> on the connection part <b>151</b>.

0045When assembling the fastening device <b>100</b> the sealing strip <b>22</b> is clamped between the upper connection flange <b>152</b> and the lower connection flange <b>154</b> of the connection element <b>150</b>, as shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>, when the additional fasteners <b>32</b> are tightened. The additional fasteners <b>32</b> are also self-tapping and thread molding screws in the exemplary embodiment according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>.

0046<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> shows a detail of a modification of the fastening device <b>100</b> according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref>, in which the solar module carrier <b>12</b> is indicated as a. U-profile part <b>34</b>. The U-profile part <b>34</b> is fastened on the connection part <b>151</b> of the connection element <b>150</b> by a connection fastener <b>160</b>, which represents a screw with a hexagon head, which is accepted by the U-profile part <b>34</b>. The connection element <b>150</b> is provided with a ring <b>165</b>, inserted into an annular groove in the top of the lower connection flange <b>154</b>. The ring <b>165</b> may represent a magnetic ring, for example, which can be used as a centering aid so that the centering of the spacer part <b>120</b> can be achieved touchlessly and without piercing the sealing strip <b>22</b>. The ring <b>165</b> particularly embodied as a magnetic ring, may be used alternatively or additionally to the centering elements <b>153</b>, <b>155</b>. The additional fasteners <b>32</b> by which the upper and the lower connection flanges <b>152</b>, <b>154</b> are connected to each other represent rivets in the exemplary embodiment shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>. The connection element <b>150</b> may be connected to the spacer part <b>120</b> via its lower connection flange <b>154</b> and via anchor fasteners <b>28</b>. The anchor fasteners <b>28</b> and the spacer part <b>120</b> are not shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>.

0047In order to fasten the solar module carriers <b>12</b> on the flat roof <b>16</b> the spacer part <b>120</b> is first cut to length according to the object. According to the object means that the length of the spacer part <b>120</b>, which is produced as an excessively long extrusion part comprising a thermally isolating material, is adjusted in the factory or at the construction site to the thickness of the insulating layer <b>24</b> already existing on the flat roof or to be applied to said flat roof. When the insulating layer <b>24</b> is already present an opening <b>26</b> is created at the anchoring site to be provided in the insulating layer <b>24</b> on the flat roof <b>16</b> with its diameter or clear width being equivalent to the diameter and/or the thickness of the spacer part <b>120</b>. If the sealing strip <b>22</b> is already present it is cut such that the spacer part <b>120</b> can be guided through the opening <b>27</b> (<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref>) in the sealing strip <b>22</b>. When the spacer part <b>120</b> rests on the upper belt <b>19</b> and the lower connection flange <b>154</b> on the spacer part <b>120</b> the sealing strip <b>22</b> is sealed above the lower connection flange <b>154</b> or, if the sealing web <b>22</b> was not present previously, now the sealing strip is applied. Subsequently the connection part <b>151</b> is placed thereon, with the centering occurring by the centering elements <b>153</b>, <b>155</b>. Using the additional fasteners <b>32</b> the connection part <b>151</b> is fastened on the spacer part <b>120</b> by the additional fasteners <b>32</b> being screwed into the connection flanges <b>152</b>, <b>154</b>. Finally the flat profile part <b>14</b> is fastened on the connection part <b>151</b> with the help of the connection fastener <b>160</b>. The other parts of the solar module carriers <b>12</b> can now be fastened on the flat profile part <b>14</b> as needed. The connection in the area of the spacer part <b>120</b> is sealed because the sealing strip <b>22</b> is clamped between the connection flanges <b>152</b>, <b>154</b>. Sealing element, such as the sealing ribs <b>166</b> mentioned in the following and provided according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 11</figref> at the bottom of the upper connection flange <b>152</b>, provided at the connection element <b>150</b> lead to an additional sealing effect, but additionally and alternatively they may be provided at the top of the lower connection flange <b>154</b>. The connection flanges <b>152</b>, <b>154</b> may be riveted to each other instead of screwed, as already described in reference to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>.

0048<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> shows a second embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section, here marked <b>200</b> in its entirety. Similar to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 1 and 2</figref>, identical parts show the same reference characters as in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> so that a repeated description of such parts can be waived.

0049The spacer part <b>220</b> shows essentially the same design as the spacer part <b>120</b> according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3</figref>, <b>5</b>, and <b>6</b>. Compared to the fastening device <b>100</b> particularly the embodiment of the upper and the lower connection flange <b>252</b>, <b>254</b> are different in the fastening device <b>200</b>. According to the illustration in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> a central socket <b>252</b><i>a </i>is formed at the upper connection flange <b>252</b>, which according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 5</figref> is supported by ribs <b>252</b><i>b </i>equally spaced over the circumference, which are formed at the upper connection flange <b>252</b> and at the socket <b>252</b><i>a. </i>Further, in the description of the fastening device <b>200</b> it is assumed that the roof sub-structure <b>17</b> comprises wooden rafters. The anchor fasteners <b>28</b> accordingly represent wood screws, as shown, by which the hollow chambers <b>222</b> are screwed through the spacer part <b>220</b> into a wooden rafter. Further, it is distinguished that the additional fasteners <b>32</b> are arranged on a virtual circle about the longitudinal axis <b>224</b> of the spacer part <b>220</b>, which is located radially outside the virtual circle of the guide elements, thus the hollow spaces <b>222</b>. The other fasteners <b>32</b> are here self-tapping and thread molding screws, which are screwed through the bores in the upper connection flange into the lower connection flange <b>254</b>.

0050Further, the fastening device <b>200</b> differs in the centering element <b>255</b> embodied at the lower connection flange <b>254</b> such that it represents a cylindrical pin, which shows a blind bore <b>255</b><i>a </i>with an internal thread, into which a connection fastener <b>260</b> can be screwed, which represents a machine screw with a hexagon head in the exemplary embodiment shown, which is guided through the socket <b>252</b><i>a </i>and is then screwed into the blind bore <b>255</b><i>a. </i>Further it is distinguished that the U-profile part of the solar module carrier <b>12</b> is here embodied differing from the U-profile part <b>34</b> according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> and thus marked <b>44</b>.

0051The spacer part can be provided with a base plate in all embodiments of the fastening device, which are shown in the drawings and described here. Such a base plate <b>221</b> is indicated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> as an example for all embodiments. The base plate <b>221</b> comprises a lower section <b>220</b>, separated from the remaining spacer part <b>220</b>. The base plate <b>221</b> may comprise a different material than the spacer part <b>220</b>, representing an insulating element or generally a separating element, however it preferably shows the same dimensions and the same form of the cross-section as the other spacer part <b>220</b> and, if it is produced as an extruded or hollow profile part, is also produced as such an extrusion profile or hollow profile part. The spacer part <b>220</b> according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> is therefore embodied in two parts.

0052<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> shows a detail of a modification of the fastening device <b>200</b> according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref>. In this modified embodiment the lower connection flange <b>254</b> (not shown) is not provided with the centering element <b>255</b>. For this purpose, the socket <b>252</b><i>a </i>comprises a blind bore with an interior thread into which a threaded rod is screwed as a connection fastener <b>260</b>. The U-profile part <b>44</b> is anchored via two countered nuts on the threaded rod, as shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref>.

0053<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> shows a third embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section, which is marked <b>300</b> in its entirety. As an example the fastening device <b>300</b> is fastened on a roof sub-structure <b>17</b> representing a concrete carrier. Thus, spikes may be inserted as anchor fasteners <b>28</b>, with in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> one spike being shown left next to the longitudinal axis <b>324</b>, or stone screws, with one stone screw in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref> being shown at the right of the longitudinal axis <b>324</b>. The lower connection flange <b>354</b> is provided with a centering element <b>355</b>, similar to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref>, which is embodied as a central socket with a blind bore <b>355</b><i>a </i>showing an internal thread. The upper connection flange <b>352</b> of the connection part <b>351</b> of the connection element <b>350</b> is provided with a socket <b>352</b><i>a </i>reinforced by ribs <b>352</b><i>b. </i>Additional fasteners, such as the fasteners <b>32</b>, are not required in the embodiment according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 7 and 8</figref> because the anchor fasteners <b>28</b> are guided through both connection flanges <b>352</b>, <b>354</b> in order to anchor them together with the spacer part <b>320</b> on the roof sub-structure <b>17</b> and to clamp the sealing strip <b>22</b> between the upper and the lower connection flange <b>352</b>, <b>354</b>. The connection fastener <b>360</b> ensures the mutual centering of the two connection flanges <b>352</b>, <b>354</b>, guided through the socket <b>352</b><i>a </i>and screwed into the blind bore <b>355</b><i>a. </i>Similar to the exemplary embodiment according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> a machine screw serves as the connection fastener <b>360</b> with a hexagon head to fasten the U-profile part <b>44</b> on the connection part <b>151</b>.

0054<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> is a cross-section along the line VIII-VIII in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 7</figref>. Eighteen hollow chambers <b>322</b> are discernible in this cross-section, with six of them being selected as guide elements for six anchor fasteners <b>28</b>.

0055<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref> shows a fourth embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section along the line IX-IX in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref>, which is marked <b>400</b> in its entirety. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref> shows a cross-section along the line X-X in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref>. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 11</figref> shows a cross-section along the line XI-XI in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 9</figref>. It is distinguished, for example in reference to the embodiment according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 3</figref>, <b>5</b>, and <b>6</b>, that the upper connection flange <b>452</b> is embodied circular as discernible from <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 11</figref> and that the lower connection flange <b>454</b> and the cross-section of the spacer element <b>420</b> is essentially embodied square, as discernible in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 10</figref>. The connection element <b>450</b> shows essentially the same design as the connection element <b>150</b>. The hollow chambers <b>422</b> serving as guide elements for four anchor fasteners <b>28</b> are embodied as corners of the spacer parts <b>420</b>.

0056<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 12</figref> shows a fifth embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention in a longitudinal cross-section, in its entirety marked <b>500</b>. <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 13</figref> shows a cross-section along the line XIII-XIII in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 12</figref>. The embodiment of the fastening device <b>500</b> differs from the one of the fastening device <b>400</b> primarily such that for fastening the spacer part <b>520</b> on the roof sub-structure additionally or differently arranged anchor fasteners <b>28</b> are used. The differently arranged anchor fasteners <b>28</b> are arranged in projections <b>528</b> which are formed at the outside of the four sides of the spacer part <b>520</b> centrally or in a different manner. A hollow chamber <b>522</b> may be embodied in each projection <b>528</b> as a guide element for the anchor fastener <b>28</b>, such as in the corners of the spacer part <b>520</b>. The projections <b>526</b> extend from the upper end of the spacer part <b>520</b> only a short distance downwards, thus not over the entire height of the spacer part <b>520</b>, as discernible in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 12</figref>. The centering of the connection part <b>551</b> occurs via centering elements <b>553</b> and <b>555</b>, similar to the fastening device <b>400</b> according to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIGS. 9 to 11</figref>. The sealing ribs <b>166</b>, already mentioned in the context with the fastening device <b>100</b>, are embodied at the bottom of the upper connection flange <b>452</b> and/or at the top of the lower connection flange <b>454</b> and may be made from rubber, for example.

LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS

0000<ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li id="ul0001-0001" num="0057"><b>12</b> Solar module carrier</li><li id="ul0001-0002" num="0058"><b>14</b> Flat profile part</li><li id="ul0001-0003" num="0059"><b>15</b> Roof carrier</li><li id="ul0001-0004" num="0060"><b>16</b> Flat roof</li><li id="ul0001-0005" num="0061"><b>17</b> Roof sub-structure</li><li id="ul0001-0006" num="0062"><b>18</b> Trapezoid sheet metal</li><li id="ul0001-0007" num="0063"><b>19</b> Vapor barrier</li><li id="ul0001-0008" num="0064"><b>22</b> Sealing strip</li><li id="ul0001-0009" num="0065"><b>24</b> Insulation layer</li><li id="ul0001-0010" num="0066"><b>26</b> Opening (in the insulation layer)</li><li id="ul0001-0011" num="0067"><b>27</b> Opening (in the sealing strip)</li><li id="ul0001-0012" num="0068"><b>28</b> Anchor fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0013" num="0069"><b>32</b> Additional fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0014" num="0070"><b>34</b> U-profile part</li><li id="ul0001-0015" num="0071"><b>44</b> U-profile part</li><li id="ul0001-0016" num="0072"><b>100</b> Fastening device</li><li id="ul0001-0017" num="0073"><b>120</b> Spacer part</li><li id="ul0001-0018" num="0074"><b>122</b> Hollow chamber</li><li id="ul0001-0019" num="0075"><b>124</b> Longitudinal axis</li><li id="ul0001-0020" num="0076"><b>150</b> Upper connection element</li><li id="ul0001-0021" num="0077"><b>151</b> Connection element</li><li id="ul0001-0022" num="0078"><b>152</b> Upper connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0023" num="0079"><b>153</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0024" num="0080"><b>154</b> Lower connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0025" num="0081"><b>155</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0026" num="0082"><b>156</b> Central bore</li><li id="ul0001-0027" num="0083"><b>160</b> Connection fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0028" num="0084"><b>165</b> Ring</li><li id="ul0001-0029" num="0085"><b>166</b> Sealing lip</li><li id="ul0001-0030" num="0086"><b>200</b> Fastening device</li><li id="ul0001-0031" num="0087"><b>220</b> Spacer part</li><li id="ul0001-0032" num="0088"><b>221</b> Base plate</li><li id="ul0001-0033" num="0089"><b>222</b> Hollow chamber</li><li id="ul0001-0034" num="0090"><b>224</b> Longitudinal axis</li><li id="ul0001-0035" num="0091"><b>250</b> Upper connection element</li><li id="ul0001-0036" num="0092"><b>251</b> Connection part</li><li id="ul0001-0037" num="0093"><b>252</b> Upper connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0038" num="0094"><b>252</b><i>a </i>Socket</li><li id="ul0001-0039" num="0095"><b>252</b><i>b </i>Rib</li><li id="ul0001-0040" num="0096"><b>254</b> Lower connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0041" num="0097"><b>255</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0042" num="0098"><b>255</b><i>a </i>Blind bore</li><li id="ul0001-0043" num="0099"><b>260</b> Connection fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0044" num="0100"><b>300</b> Fastening device</li><li id="ul0001-0045" num="0101"><b>320</b> Spacer part</li><li id="ul0001-0046" num="0102"><b>322</b> Hollow chamber</li><li id="ul0001-0047" num="0103"><b>324</b> Longitudinal axis</li><li id="ul0001-0048" num="0104"><b>351</b> Connection part</li><li id="ul0001-0049" num="0105"><b>352</b><i>a </i>Socket</li><li id="ul0001-0050" num="0106"><b>352</b><i>b </i>Rib</li><li id="ul0001-0051" num="0107"><b>360</b> Connection fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0052" num="0108"><b>350</b> Upper connection element</li><li id="ul0001-0053" num="0109"><b>352</b> Upper connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0054" num="0110"><b>354</b> Lower connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0055" num="0111"><b>355</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0056" num="0112"><b>355</b><i>a </i>Blind bore</li><li id="ul0001-0057" num="0113"><b>360</b> Connection fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0058" num="0114"><b>400</b> Fastening device</li><li id="ul0001-0059" num="0115"><b>420</b> Spacer part</li><li id="ul0001-0060" num="0116"><b>422</b> Hollow chamber</li><li id="ul0001-0061" num="0117"><b>424</b> Longitudinal axis</li><li id="ul0001-0062" num="0118"><b>450</b> Upper connection element</li><li id="ul0001-0063" num="0119"><b>451</b> Connection part</li><li id="ul0001-0064" num="0120"><b>452</b> Upper connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0065" num="0121"><b>453</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0066" num="0122"><b>454</b> Lower connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0067" num="0123"><b>455</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0068" num="0124"><b>460</b> Connection fastener</li><li id="ul0001-0069" num="0125"><b>500</b> Fastening device</li><li id="ul0001-0070" num="0126"><b>520</b> Spacer part</li><li id="ul0001-0071" num="0127"><b>522</b> Hollow chamber</li><li id="ul0001-0072" num="0128"><b>524</b> Longitudinal axis</li><li id="ul0001-0073" num="0129"><b>526</b> Projection</li><li id="ul0001-0074" num="0130"><b>550</b> Upper connection element</li><li id="ul0001-0075" num="0131"><b>551</b> Connection part</li><li id="ul0001-0076" num="0132"><b>552</b> Upper connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0077" num="0133"><b>553</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0078" num="0134"><b>554</b> Lower connection flange</li><li id="ul0001-0079" num="0135"><b>555</b> Centering element</li><li id="ul0001-0080" num="0136"><b>560</b> Connection fastener</li></ul>