Camera and Sensor Augmented Reality Techniques

BACKGROUND

0001Display techniques utilized by computing devices are ever evolving. For example, initial computing devices were provided with monochrome monitors. A user interacted with the computing device by viewing simple text on the monochrome monitor and entering text via a keyboard that could then be viewed on the monitor.

0002Display techniques were then expanded into use of color and graphical user interfaces. These techniques, for instance, may be utilized to show graphics to represent files, devices connected to the computing device, images, and so on using color. A user may then interact with the graphical user interface using the keyboard as well as by using a cursor control device, such as a mouse.

0003Display techniques have continued to evolve, such as through the use of glasses to view a three-dimensional television, use of virtual technology, and so on. However, complexities may arise in implementation of these techniques that may make the techniques difficult to implement by traditional computing devices.

SUMMARY

0004Camera and sensor augmented reality techniques are described. In one or more implementations, an optical basis is obtained that was generated from data obtained by a camera of a computing device and a sensor basis is obtained that was generated from data obtained from one or more sensors that are not a camera. The optical basis and the sensor basis describe a likely orientation or position of the camera and the one or more sensors, respectively, in a physical environment. The optical basis and the sensor basis are compared to verify the orientation or the position of the computing device in the physical environment.

0005In one or more implementations, a combined basis is calculated that describes a likely position or orientation of at least a part of a computing device using an optical basis computed from data received from a camera of the computing device and a sensor basis computed from data received from one or more sensors of the computing device. An augmentation is generated by the computing device for display as part of an augmented-reality display based at least in part on the combined basis.

0006In one or more implementations, an apparatus includes a camera, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a display device, and one or more modules. The one or more modules are configured to compute an optical basis from data obtained by the camera and a sensor basis generated from data obtained from the inertial measurement unit (IMU), calculate a combined basis that describes a likely orientation or position of the camera and the inertial measurement unit (IMU) in a physical environment, and cause an augmented-reality display to be displayed by the display device, the augmented-reality display including an augmentation that was generated based at least in part on the combined basis.

0007This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

0008The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The use of the same reference numbers in different instances in the description and the figures may indicate similar or identical items.

0009<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> is an illustration of an environment in an example implementation that is operable to employ augmented reality techniques described herein.

0010<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> is an illustration of a system in an example implementation showing an augmented reality module of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> in greater detail as being employed for basis generation for a computing device that leverages both a camera and sensors.

0011<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> is a flow diagram depicting a procedure in an example implementation in which a basis is calculated which is used to describe an orientation or position of at least a part of a computing device.

0012<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> is a flow diagram depicting a procedure in an example implementation in which an augmentation is generated for display as part of an augmented-reality display for output by a computing device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

0013Overview

0014Augmented reality techniques are described. Augmented reality techniques may be utilized to generate a view of a real world environment that is augmented using computer-generated outputs, such as sound or graphics. In this way, a user's view of the real world may include sensory inputs that were generated by a computing device and thus may augment a user's experience.

0015In the following discussion, augmented reality techniques are described that involve use of a camera and other sensors. For example, a camera may be utilized to capture an image of a physical environment of a computing device, such as a user's media room. The image may then be analyzed to locate markers that give an indication of a position and/or orientation of the camera in relation to the physical environment. Augmented-reality tags (AR tags), for instance, may be used to indicate a distance between the camera and the tags as well as an orientation in relation to the tags. In this way, the image may serve to compute an optical basis for determining an orientation and/or position of the camera in the physical environment. These techniques may also leverage other sensors to verify the optical basis. The computing device, for instance, may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that may produce a sensor basis for determining the orientation or position of the sensors. Thus, the sensor basis may serve to “cross-check” the optical basis such that correction may be made if an erroneous result is received by the optical basis. A variety of other basis techniques are also contemplated, further discussion of which may be found in relation to the following sections.

0016In the following discussion, an example environment is first described that may employ the techniques described herein. Example procedures are then described which may be performed in the example environment as well as other environments. Consequently, performance of the example procedures is not limited to the example environment and the example environment is not limited to performance of the example procedures.

0017Example Environment

0018<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> is an illustration of an environment <b>100</b> in an example implementation that is operable to employ augmented reality techniques described herein. The illustrated environment <b>100</b> includes a computing device <b>102</b>, which may be configured in a variety of ways. For example, although the computing device <b>102</b> is illustrated as a mobile communication device (e.g., tablet, wireless telephone), the computing device <b>102</b> may be configured in a variety of other ways. For instance, the computing device <b>102</b> may be configured as a computer that is capable of communicating over a network <b>104</b>, such as a desktop computer, a mobile station, an entertainment appliance, a set-top box communicatively coupled to a display device, a game console, and so forth.

0019Accordingly, the computing device <b>102</b> may range from full resource devices with substantial memory and processor resources (e.g., personal computers, game consoles) to low-resource devices with limited memory and/or processing resources (e.g., traditional set-top boxes, hand-held game consoles). Additionally, although a single computing device <b>102</b> is shown, the computing device <b>102</b> may be representative of a plurality of different devices, such as a user-wearable helmet and game console, multiple servers utilized by a business to perform operations that provide a platform “in the cloud,” a remote control and set-top box combination, and so on.

0020The computing device <b>102</b> is also illustrated as including an augmented reality module <b>106</b>. The augmented reality module <b>106</b> is representative of functionality of the computing device <b>102</b> to augment a view of real-world surroundings of the computing device <b>102</b>. In the illustrated example, for instance, the computing device <b>102</b> is illustrated as being physically present in a room <b>108</b> that has a couch <b>110</b>, a chair <b>112</b>, and a table <b>114</b> that are positioned in a corner of the room <b>108</b>.

0021The computing device <b>102</b> includes a camera <b>116</b> that is configured to capture one or more images of the physical surroundings of the computing device <b>102</b>, e.g., the room <b>108</b> in this example. These one or more images may be used to capture a view of the “reality” that is to be augmented, although other input devices are also contemplated such as microphones. The augmented reality module <b>106</b> may receive data from the camera <b>116</b> (e.g., the one or more images) to generate a frame <b>118</b>, which is illustrated as being stored in a frame buffer <b>120</b> of the computing device <b>102</b>.

0022The frame <b>118</b> may then be displayed by a display device <b>122</b> of the computing device <b>102</b>, which although illustrated as part of a mobile communication device may assume a variety of configurations. In one or more implementations, the display device <b>122</b> may be included as part of a helmet and positioned for viewing by one or more of a user's eyes. Additionally, the display device <b>122</b> may or may not be partially transparent. For example, the display device <b>122</b> may be configured to display both the image captured by the camera <b>116</b> along with augmentations. In another example, the display device <b>122</b> may be configured to display the augmentations without the view of the image captured by the camera <b>116</b>, but permit a view of the physical surroundings to be seen through at least a portion of the display device <b>122</b>. Thus, the augmentation generated by the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may be displayed in a variety of ways.

0023In the illustrated example, the frame <b>118</b> displayed by the display device <b>122</b> includes an image captured by the camera <b>116</b>. The frame <b>118</b> also includes a plurality of augmentations that were generated by the augmented reality module <b>106</b>. Illustrated examples displayed by the display device <b>122</b> include first and second pictures <b>124</b>, <b>126</b> that appear positioned on walls of the room <b>108</b> as well as a bowl <b>128</b> that appears to be placed on the table <b>114</b>. Thus, the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may augment the view of reality displayed by the display device <b>122</b>. It should be readily apparent that augmentations generated by the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may assume a variety of other forms, such as objects as part of a game and other changes to a view of the surroundings of a computing device <b>102</b>.

0024To generate this view and know “where” to place to augmentations, the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may leverage a variety of techniques to determine an orientation and/or position of the computing device <b>102</b> in relation to the environment, e.g., the room <b>108</b> as illustrated. For example, the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may leverage one or more markers to determine how the computing device <b>102</b> is positioned, oriented, moved, and so on. These markers may take a variety of forms. For instance, the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may set one or more view points in the living room as markers and thus service as a basis to determine orientation and/or positioning, such as a corner of the table <b>114</b>, orientation of the chair <b>112</b>, and so on. Thus, the items in the room may act as a basis to determine where the computing device <b>102</b> is located within the room.

0025In another instance, the augmented reality module <b>106</b> may leverage a view of one or more augmented reality (AR) tags that are physically positioned within the surrounding environment of the computing device <b>102</b>. An example AR tag <b>130</b> is illustrated as positioned on the table <b>114</b> in the living room <b>108</b>. Although a single AR tag <b>130</b> is shown, a plurality of AR tags may be utilized in the environment. The example AR tag <b>130</b> (or other markers) may be used as a basis to determine depth (e.g., distance between the AR tag <b>130</b> and the camera <b>116</b>), three-dimensional orientation of the computing device <b>102</b> with respect to the AR tag <b>130</b>, and so forth.

0026For example, the AR tag <b>130</b> may include a pattern that may be recognized by the augmented reality module <b>106</b> to determine a distance from the AR tag <b>130</b> and/or an orientation of the computing device <b>102</b> in relation to the AR tag <b>130</b>. In this way, markers may be leveraged by the augmented reality module <b>106</b> to determine “where” and “how” the computing device <b>102</b> is positioned in a physical environment. The augmented reality module <b>106</b> may use this determination as a basis to generate augmentations to be output for viewing by a user of the computing device <b>102</b>.

0027The augmented reality module <b>106</b> may also leverage one or more sensors <b>132</b> to determine and verify a position and/or orientation of the computing device <b>102</b>. For example, the sensors <b>132</b> may be configured as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), which may include a gyroscope, one or more accelerometers, a magnetometer, and so on including any combination thereof. These units may be used to generate an external basis with which to verify a basis generated using the optical marking techniques previously described. For example, a basis generated using the optical marking techniques described above that leverages the camera <b>116</b> may be evaluated for discrepancies using a basis generated by the one or more sensors, e.g., an IMU <b>134</b>. In this way, the techniques may be used to determine an orientation and position of the computing device <b>102</b> in relation to its physical surroundings, further discussion of which may be found in relation to <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>.

0028Generally, any of the functions described herein can be implemented using software, firmware, hardware (e.g., fixed logic circuitry), manual processing, or a combination of these implementations. The terms “module” and “functionality” as used herein generally represent hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the case of a software implementation, the module, functionality, or logic represents instructions and hardware that performs operations specified by the hardware, e.g., one or more processors and/or functional blocks.

0029For example, the computing device <b>102</b> may include an entity (e.g., software) that causes hardware of the computing device <b>102</b> to perform operations, e.g., processors, functional blocks, and so on. The computing device <b>102</b> may include a computer-readable medium that may be configured to maintain instructions that cause the computing device, and more particularly hardware of the computing device <b>102</b> to perform operations. Thus, the instructions function to configure the hardware to perform the operations and in this way result in transformation of the hardware to perform functions. The instructions may be provided by the computer-readable medium to the computing device <b>102</b> through a variety of different configurations.

0030One such configuration of a computer-readable medium is signal bearing medium and thus is configured to transmit the instructions (e.g., as a carrier wave) to the hardware of the computing device, such as via the network <b>104</b>. The computer-readable medium may also be configured as a computer-readable storage medium and thus is not a signal bearing medium. Examples of a computer-readable storage medium include a random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), an optical disc, flash memory, hard disk memory, and other memory devices that may use magnetic, optical, and other techniques to store instructions and other data.

0031<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref> is an illustration of a system <b>200</b> in an example implementation showing the augmented reality module <b>106</b> of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> in greater detail as being employed for basis generation for the computing device <b>102</b> that leverages both the camera <b>116</b> and the sensors <b>132</b>. The augmented reality module <b>106</b> in this example receives a red/green/blue (RGB) feed <b>202</b> from the camera <b>116</b> and IMU data <b>204</b> from the sensors <b>132</b>.

0032The augmented reality module <b>106</b> then processes the RGB feed <b>202</b> using an optical marker module <b>206</b> and the IMU data <b>204</b> using an IMU analysis module <b>208</b>. This processing may be used to generate an optical basis <b>210</b> and an IMU basis <b>212</b>, respectively, for determining orientation, position, and/or distance of the computing device <b>102</b> in a physical environment. A comparison module <b>214</b> may then be employed by the augmented reality module <b>106</b> to “cross check” the optical and IMU bases <b>210</b>, <b>212</b>.

0033For example, the comparison module <b>214</b> may receive the optical basis <b>210</b> and determine whether the optical basis <b>210</b> is consistent with the IMU basis <b>212</b>. If the optical basis <b>210</b> is consistent with the IMU basis <b>212</b>, the comparison module <b>214</b> may then output the basis <b>216</b>. However, if the optical basis <b>210</b> is not consistent, the comparison module <b>214</b> may leverage an extrapolation module <b>218</b> to compare the optical basis <b>210</b> with a previous point in time, such as for a previous frame captured by the camera <b>116</b> (e.g., a previous optical basis <b>210</b>), previous IMU data <b>204</b>, and so forth. For instance, the extrapolation module <b>218</b> may use the last “good” optical basis <b>210</b> (e.g., verified using the comparison module <b>214</b>) and use “current” IMU data <b>204</b> to predict a likely basis for the computing device <b>102</b>.

0034By employing the camera <b>116</b> with the sensors <b>132</b> near simultaneously, these techniques may be used to generate a basis <b>216</b> having a higher degree of confidence that if performed separately. For instance, use of the optical basis <b>210</b> alone for the registration of a camera <b>116</b> location may not be robust in instances because some frames may fail to be classified correctly, which may cause jarring errors in a resulting augmented-reality display.

0035For example, the display of object that is used to augment the view of reality may suddenly flip around an axis, translate an unreasonable amount, and so forth. If the object is supposed to be fixed in space, for instance, this may suggest to the viewer that the viewer has moved, even when the viewer has not and thereby break the illusion that the object is included in the real world environment.

0036On the contrary, use of the IMU data <b>204</b> alone may not provide a particularly accurate basis function in some instances (e.g., over an extended period of time) due to drifting. However, the IMU data <b>204</b> may work to provide a metric by which to qualify the optical basis <b>210</b> and therefore the combination may be used to determine a basis with a higher degree of confidence.

0037Example Procedures

0038The following discussion describes augmented reality techniques that may be implemented utilizing the previously described systems and devices. Aspects of each of the procedures may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination thereof. The procedures are shown as a set of blocks that specify operations performed by one or more devices and are not necessarily limited to the orders shown for performing the operations by the respective blocks. In portions of the following discussion, reference will be made to the environment <b>100</b> of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> and the system <b>200</b> of <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2</figref>.

0039<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> depicts a procedure <b>300</b> in an example implementation in which a basis is calculated which is used to describe an orientation or position of at least a part of a computing device. A physical environment that surrounds a computing device is detected using a camera (block <b>302</b>). The camera <b>116</b>, for instance, may be used to capture images of a room <b>108</b>. The physical environment is also detected without using a camera (block <b>304</b>), such as by using one or more other sensors. As stated previously, a variety of sensors may be used such as one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a magnetometer, and so on. For example, a combination of these and other sensors may be packaged as part of an inertial measurement unit (IMU).

0040An optical basis is generated from data obtained by the camera of the computing device and a sensor basis is generated from data obtained from the one or more sensors that are not a camera. The optical basis and the sensor basis describe a likely orientation or position of the camera and the one or more sensors, respectively, in the physical environment (block <b>306</b>). An augmented reality module <b>106</b>, for instance, may detect one or more markers (e.g., AR tags <b>130</b>) captured in an image taken by the camera <b>116</b>. The augmented reality module <b>106</b> may then use these markers as a basis for determining an orientation and position of the camera <b>116</b>, and consequently the computing device <b>102</b>, in relation to the room <b>108</b>. Likewise, one or more sensors <b>132</b> may also be used to determine a basis for determining the orientation or position.

0041A combined basis is calculated that indicates the likely orientation or position of the camera and the one or more sensors using the optical basis and the sensor basis (block <b>308</b>). For example, a sensor basis (e.g., an IMU basis <b>212</b>) may be used to verify the optical basis <b>210</b>, such as to determine whether the position and/or orientation described by the optical basis <b>210</b> approximately corresponds to the sensor basis. In this way, the bases may be combined through the comparison to verify the calculations.

0042However, responsive to a determination that the optical basis and the sensor basis do not approximately correspond as a result of the comparing, a basis is extrapolated based at least in part on a previous basis of the computing device (block <b>310</b>). The augmented reality module <b>218</b>, for instance, may leverage an extrapolation module <b>218</b> to extrapolate a previously computed basis. A previous basis (e.g., a combined basis as described above, an optical basis for a previous frame, and so on) may be extrapolated based on other previous frames to determine a likely orientation or position. The extrapolation module <b>218</b> may also leverage “current” data, such as a recent input received from the sensors <b>132</b> in combination with a previous optical basis <b>210</b>. A variety of other examples are also contemplated. This basis may then be used to generate an augmentation for viewing as part of an augmented-reality display, an example of which may be found in relation to the following figure.

0043<figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> is a flow diagram depicting a procedure in an example implementation in which an augmentation is generated for display as part of an augmented-reality display for output by a computing device. A combined basis is calculated that describes a likely position or orientation of at least a part of the computing device using an optical basis computed from data received from a camera of the computing device and a sensor basis computed from data received from one or more sensors of the computing device (block <b>402</b>). As previously described, the combined basis may be formed by verifying an optical basis with a sensor basis. The combined basis may also be formed in a variety of other ways, such as by averaging the bases, averaging confidence values, use of weighted averages, and so forth.

0044An augmentation is generated by the computing device for display as part of an augmented-reality display based least in part on the combined basis (block <b>404</b>). A variety of different augmentations may be generated, such as objects to be viewed via a display device, directional audio, tactile feedback, and so forth.

0045The augmentation is displayed by the computing device using one or more display devices (block <b>406</b>). Continuing with the previous example, augmentations may be displayed along with a view of a physical environment, an example of which is shown in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> in which the display device <b>122</b> include first and second pictures <b>124</b>, <b>126</b> that appear positioned on walls of the living room <b>108</b> as well as a bowl <b>128</b> that appears to be placed on the table <b>114</b> that otherwise is not included in the physical room <b>108</b> itself. In this way, the display may augment reality with additional information. Additionally, the display may be performed using a variety of different display devices, such as display devices integrated in a tablet or mobile phone, part of a user-wearable item (e.g., a helmet), a standalone display device as typically found on a desktop, part of a laptop or netbook, and so forth.

0046Conclusion

0047Although the invention has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the invention defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claimed invention.