Audio port communication and power device

BACKGROUND

p-0003(1) Field of the Invention

p-0004The field of the invention is communication devices for peripherals.

p-0005(2) Description of Related Art including Information Disclosed under 37 CFR 1.97 and 1.98

p-0006Salespersons that travel, merchants with mobile operations, merchants with limited sales volumes, consumers and others have a need to electronically process charge cards without paying the high cost of a point of sale terminal With the rapid adoption of smart phones such as the iPhone, BlackBerry, and Google Android, there is a strong desire to connect the phone to peripherals such as credit card readers which will allow the traveling salesperson, small merchant, consumers and others to remotely electronically enter and process credit transactions. However, every phone has a different serial interface connector and a proprietary communication protocol. One has to develop a solution for each phone.

p-0007The cost and time to “keep up” thus becomes almost prohibitive. Finding a way to overcome these two challenges will greatly increase the utilization of host devices such as smart phones.

p-0008Additional information relevant to attempts to address these problems can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,672,661, 6,830,182 B2, 7,757,945, and Des. 339,807, as well as U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2009/0072033 A1, 2009/0127336 A1, 2009/0009356 A1, 2010/0163618 A1, 2010/0198728 A1, 2010/0161433 A1 and 2010/0182764 A1. However, each one of these references may suffer at least from one or more of the following disadvantages: peripheral devices not universally applicable for different host devices, not being powered only by the host device, inapplicable for card readers, not being as robust for different uses and unnecessary complexity.

p-0009All referenced patents, applications and literatures are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Furthermore, where a definition or use of a term in a reference, which is incorporated by reference herein is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply. The invention may seek to satisfy one or more of the above-mentioned desires. Although the present invention may obviate one or more of the above-mentioned desires, it should be understood that some aspects of the invention might not necessarily obviate them.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

p-0010Accordingly, an object of the present invention is for communication devices that can transact on a universal peripheral device with host devices that may have different serial interface connectors, proprietary communication protocols or mechanical interfaces.

p-0011One embodiment is a communication device comprising a host device comprised of software and an audio connector input; a peripheral device comprised of an analog and digital processor, a card reader and an audio connector output; and an audio connector line connecting the audio connector output and the audio connector input.

p-0012The communication device may have an audio connector line comprising a first channel for power from the host device to the peripheral device; a second channel for host device data from the host device to the peripheral device; and a third channel for peripheral device data from the peripheral device to the host device. The analog and digital processor may comprise a power processing circuit; a data processing circuit; and means for analog to digital data conversion. The data processing circuit may feature the ability to perform at least one of: encrypting the peripheral device data; creating a key for the peripheral device; and managing a key for the peripheral device. The peripheral device may receive the host device data and power from the audio connector output and transfer the peripheral device data to the audio connector input. The host device may transfer the host device data and power from the audio connector output and receive the peripheral device data from the audio connector input. The software may perform at least one of transforming the peripheral device data from analog to digital; transforming the host device data from digital to analog; generating an analog signal for power; processing the peripheral device data; and sending the peripheral device data. The peripheral device may further comprise means for analog to digital data conversion; and means for digital to analog data conversion.

p-0013An embodiment of the present invention is a method of communication comprising the steps of providing a host device comprised of software and an audio connector input; providing a peripheral device comprised of an analog and digital processor, a card reader and an audio connector output; and communicating between the host device and the peripheral device via an audio connector line connecting the audio connector output and the audio connector input.

p-0014The audio connector line may comprise of a first channel for power from the host device to the peripheral device; a second channel for host device data from the host device to the peripheral device; and a third channel for peripheral device data from the peripheral device to the host device. The analog and digital processor may comprise a power processing circuit; a data processing circuit; and means for analog to digital data conversion. The data processing circuit may feature the ability to perform at least one of: encrypting the peripheral device data; creating a key for the peripheral device; and managing a key for the peripheral device. The peripheral device may receive the host device data and power from the audio connector output and transfer the peripheral device data to the audio connector input. The host device may transfer the host device data and power from the audio connector output and receive the peripheral device data from the audio connector input. The software may perform at least one of transforming the peripheral device data from analog to digital; transforming the host device data from digital to analog; generating an analog signal for power; processing the peripheral device data; and sending the peripheral device data. The peripheral device may further comprise means for analog to digital data conversion; and means for digital to analog data conversion.

p-0015An embodiment is a communication device comprising a host device; a peripheral device; an audio connector line facilitating communication between said host device and said peripheral device; and means for immovably attaching a peripheral device to a host device.

p-0016Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, along with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

p-0017<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an audio connector line as an audio jack.

p-0018<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2A</figref> illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a peripheral device not connected to a host device via an audio connector line.

p-0019<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2B</figref> illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a peripheral device connected to a host device via an audio connector line.

p-0020<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the individual parts and interactions between a peripheral device and a host device.

p-0021<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> illustrates an exemplary embodiment highlighting some features of a data processing circuit.

REFERENCE NUMERALS IN DRAWINGS

p-0022The table below lists the reference numerals employed in the figures, and identifies the element or structure designated by each numeral. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features <ul><li id="ul0001-0001" num="0021"><b>98</b> Audio connector prong <b>1</b></li><li id="ul0001-0002" num="0022"><b>100</b> Audio connector prong <b>2</b></li><li id="ul0001-0003" num="0023"><b>102</b> Audio connector prong <b>3</b></li><li id="ul0001-0004" num="0024"><b>104</b> Audio connector prong <b>4</b></li><li id="ul0001-0005" num="0025"><b>106</b> Audio connector line</li><li id="ul0001-0006" num="0026"><b>108</b> Peripheral device</li><li id="ul0001-0007" num="0027"><b>110</b> Host device</li><li id="ul0001-0008" num="0028"><b>112</b> Peripheral device data</li><li id="ul0001-0009" num="0029"><b>114</b> Card reader</li><li id="ul0001-0010" num="0030"><b>116</b> Analog and digital processor</li><li id="ul0001-0011" num="0031"><b>118</b> Data processing</li><li id="ul0001-0012" num="0032"><b>120</b> Audio output</li><li id="ul0001-0013" num="0033"><b>122</b> Audio input</li><li id="ul0001-0014" num="0034"><b>124</b> Software</li><li id="ul0001-0015" num="0035"><b>126</b> Host device data</li><li id="ul0001-0016" num="0036"><b>128</b> Power</li><li id="ul0001-0017" num="0037"><b>130</b> Power processing circuit</li><li id="ul0001-0018" num="0038"><b>132</b> Analog to digital conversion</li><li id="ul0001-0019" num="0039"><b>134</b> Digital to analog converter</li><li id="ul0001-0020" num="0040"><b>136</b> Analog to digital converter</li><li id="ul0001-0021" num="0041"><b>138</b> Data processing</li><li id="ul0001-0022" num="0042"><b>140</b> Send data</li><li id="ul0001-0023" num="0043"><b>142</b> Analog to digital converter</li><li id="ul0001-0024" num="0044"><b>144</b> Encryption</li><li id="ul0001-0025" num="0045"><b>146</b> Key generation</li><li id="ul0001-0026" num="0046"><b>148</b> Key management</li><li id="ul0001-0027" num="0047"><b>150</b> Clip</li></ul>

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

p-0023The invention and its various embodiments can now be better understood by turning to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, which are presented as embodiments of the invention defined in the claims. It is expressly understood that the invention as defined by the claims may be broader than the embodiments described below.

p-0024One object of the present invention is to provide a universal peripheral device compatible with a variety of host devices with different serial interface connectors, different proprietary communication protocols and different mechanical interfaces. Embodiments of the invention provide for a variety of approaches that may encompass electrical, mechanical, usability, firmware, software, power management, bi-directional communication, and data security aspects to address this object.

p-0025Embodiments may provide an electrical solution that uses an audio jack, a universal device on many host devices such as mobile phones or computers. There may also be a standard digital UART interface to work with the analog audio interface. Optionally, a circuit may be used to harness power from ordinary audio waveforms.

p-0026Embodiments may also have major firmware design features. Firmware may utilize standard digital UART interfaces to work with the analog audio interface to minimize the required electronics. This makes it possible for the device to be powered with very limited power. This may limit the number of data bits that have the same value, thereby minimizing the data error rate on the phone, and simplifies the design. Firmware may also convert data from the device to an audio waveform recognizable by the software on the phone. Firmware may also extract commands from the phone embedded in an audio waveform. An additional function of firmware may be for power management such as turning off any part that is not being actively used to minimize power consumption.

p-0027Embodiments may have software features. A standard digital UART interface may be utilized to work with the analog audio interface. This may limit the number of data bits that have the same value and therefore minimize the data error rate on the device and simplifying the electrical design. Software may dynamically generating audio waveforms that serve as commands from the phone to the device, thus enabling bi-directional communication between the two. Software may also dynamically generate an audio waveform that is utilized to power the device, automatically recognize a connected device or turn off the device when not in use.

p-0028Embodiments may have power management as a collective system involving electrical, firmware, and software. Features may include of harnessing power from an ordinary audio waveform. Features may include an efficient electrical design using very low power. Other features may include an electrical circuit that converts audio waveform to DC power, electrical and firmware design that allows for turning off any unused part or software design that dynamically generates audio waveforms for creation of power when necessary.

p-0029Embodiments may also feature bi-directional communications. As an example, The invention may support data communication from the device to the phone, as well as command communication from the phone to the device. This may provide advantages in feedback, control, settings, and authentication purposes.

p-0030Embodiments may also feature data security. For example, data from the device may be secured with strong encryption algorithms such as 3DES and AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256. Also, key management schemes such as DUKPT may be supported. With DUKPT, no two device share the same encryption key, and no two transaction on the same device share the same encryption key. Encryption may be processed in a dedicated hardware for faster speed and better security. Also, a peripheral device and a host device, such as a phone, can mutually authenticate each other, minimizing fraud.

p-0031Embodiments may feature plug-n-play with mobile devices and other devices that have audio jacks. For example, no external power may be required as power may be supplied through the right audio channel of the phone jack. The left audio channel of a host device, such as a mobile device, may send parameter setting commands to a peripheral device for security purposes. Features may also include a special secured “Double Bits” code that goes through a microphone into host devices, such as mobile devices. For example, TriMag III ASIC may provide Bi-directional card reading capability and can read up to 3 tracks of magnetic encoded information.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ELEMENTS

p-0032<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 1</figref> illustrates an audio jack. In certain embodiments, an audio connector line <b>106</b> is an audio jack. The different prongs, <b>98</b>, <b>100</b>, <b>102</b>, or <b>104</b> may typically correspond to any of a ground, left, right, and a microphone channel for audio communication. In embodiments of the present invention, three prongs of an audio jack may correspond to any of a channel for power, communication from host to peripheral or communication from peripheral to host. It is not important whether any of channel <b>98</b>, <b>100</b>, <b>102</b> or <b>104</b> is used for either a channel for power, communication from host to peripheral or communication from peripheral to host so long as three functions are present. In an exemplary embodiment, <b>100</b> may correspond to power, <b>102</b> may correspond to communication from host to peripheral and <b>104</b> may correspond to communication from peripheral to host. In this way, bilateral communication between host and peripheral is ensured as well as power from the host device to the peripheral device.

p-0033<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2A</figref> and <figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2B</figref> illustrates an embodiment in which an audio connector line <b>106</b>, here a universal audio jack, connects between a peripheral device <b>108</b>, here a card reader, and a host device <b>110</b>, here a mobile phone.

p-0034<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2A</figref> illustrates an embodiment where a peripheral device <b>108</b> is not yet interfaced with a host device <b>110</b> as the audio connector line <b>106</b> is not connecting the peripheral device <b>108</b> with the host device <b>110</b>.

p-0035<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 2B</figref> illustrates an embodiment where a peripheral device <b>108</b> is interfaced with a host device <b>110</b> as the audio connector line <b>106</b> interfaces with the host device <b>110</b> and facilitates communication between the peripheral device <b>108</b> and the host device <b>110</b>. Also, a clip <b>150</b> allows for the peripheral device <b>108</b> to be anchored and immovably attached to the host device <b>110</b> as to facilitate easier usage of the peripheral device <b>108</b>. In certain embodiments, the clip <b>150</b> and peripheral device combination may be removed from a host device <b>110</b> and modified for usage with other host devices.

p-0036<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 3</figref> illustrates a graphical representation of an embodiment where there are interactions between the peripheral device <b>108</b> and the host device <b>110</b>. In this embodiment, peripheral device data <b>112</b> begins on the peripheral device <b>108</b> in a card reader <b>114</b>. Peripheral device data <b>112</b> begins as analog data from the card reader <b>114</b> before it is transferred to the analog and digital processor <b>116</b>. The analog and digital processor <b>116</b> converts the analog peripheral device data <b>112</b> from analog to digital <b>132</b> data. Once the information is digitized, the analog and digital processor <b>116</b> processes the peripheral device data <b>112</b> by data processing <b>118</b>. Data processing <b>118</b> performs at least one of creating a key for the data <b>146</b>, managing a key for the data <b>148</b> and encrypting the data <b>144</b>. The analog and digital processor <b>116</b> then receives the data <b>112</b> from the data processing circuit <b>118</b> and transfers it to a digital to analog converter <b>134</b>. The digital to analog converter <b>134</b> transfers the peripheral device data <b>112</b> in analog form to the audio output <b>120</b>. The audio output <b>120</b> on the peripheral device <b>108</b> transfers the data to the audio input <b>122</b> on the host device <b>110</b> via the audio connector line <b>106</b>. The software <b>124</b> on the host device <b>110</b> then receives the peripheral device data <b>112</b> from the audio input <b>122</b> and transforms the peripheral device data <b>112</b> from analog to digital <b>136</b>, processes the data <b>138</b> and sends the data <b>140</b>. In an exemplary embodiment, the host device is a cellular phone and will send the processed peripheral device data <b>112</b> out via the wireless connection. Any means for converting digital signals to analog signals or means for converting analog signals to digital may be accomplished by at least a circuit or software that does so.

p-0037Host device data <b>126</b>, which may consist of data and commands, is transferred from the software <b>124</b> on host device <b>110</b> out the audio input <b>122</b> via the audio connector line <b>106</b> to the audio output <b>120</b> converted from analog to digital data <b>142</b> and finally to the analog and digital processor <b>116</b>. The host device data may be converted from digital to analog data on the software <b>124</b>. In optional embodiments, the analog and digital processor <b>116</b> may transfer the host device data to the card reader <b>114</b>. In exemplary embodiments, the host device data <b>126</b> may originate from somewhere on the host device <b>110</b>. Host device data <b>126</b> received by the analog and digital processor <b>116</b> may be converted from analog to digital information on the processor <b>116</b> and may undergo further data processing <b>118</b>.

p-0038Power <b>128</b> may also be transferred from the software <b>124</b> on the host device to the audio input <b>122</b> and then via the audio connector line <b>106</b> to the audio output <b>120</b> and finally to a power processing circuit <b>130</b>. In optional embodiments, power <b>128</b> may be generated or processed from elsewhere on the host device <b>110</b> to the audio input <b>122</b> and then via the audio connector line <b>106</b> to the audio output <b>120</b> and finally to a power processing circuit <b>130</b>. The power processing circuit may power the entire peripheral device <b>108</b> directly or power certain parts of the peripheral device directly, such as the analog and digital processor <b>116</b> or the card reader <b>114</b> or the converters <b>134</b>, <b>142</b>.

p-0039<figref idrefs="DRAWINGS">FIG. 4</figref> illustrates a graphical representation of an embodiment with a data processing circuit <b>118</b>. The data processing circuit features the ability to perform at least one of encryption <b>144</b>, key generation <b>146</b> and key management <b>148</b>. Key generation <b>146</b> and key creation <b>146</b> are the same. In some embodiments, only one of these functions is performed. In other exemplary embodiments, iterations of these features may be performed such as encryption as well as key generation and key management or only encryption and key management. For example in one embodiment, encryption <b>144</b> is performed and additional processing is needed. Thereby, key generation <b>146</b> is performed but additional processing is needed. Thereby, key management <b>148</b> is also performed. If further processing is needed, further encryption <b>144</b> may be performed as well. Thereby, encryption, key generation, key management and further encryption are performed in this exemplary embodiment.

How the Invention Is Used

p-0040Among the many uses for the many embodiments of the present invention is as a card reader, such as a credit card reader. In one embodiment, the peripheral device may be a credit card reader and the host device may be a smart phone. The user may attach and interface the credit card reader to the smart phone via the audio connector line, which may be a phone jack, attached at the respective communication ports of the credit card reader and smart phone. Thereby as an exemplary embodiment, the user may pay for a transaction set up on the smart phone via credit card by simply swiping the credit card reader.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

p-0041The described versions of the present invention have many advantages, including providing communication devices that can transact on a universal peripheral device with a host device that may have different serial interface connectors, proprietary communication protocols or mechanical shapes. Among the many advantages include that the peripheral device does not need a power source aside from the power supplied to it by the host device.

p-0042As an example of one of many advantages, embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the types of host devices used. For instance, the host device could be different types of portable electronics such as an iphone or a laptop or may even be a desktop computer. However, all of them could use the same peripheral device if they employ the system in an embodiment of the present invention. For example, all of the possible different host devices, such as a smart phone, PDA, laptop or desktop computer can interface with the same peripheral device, such as a credit card reader through an audio jack interface in an embodiment of the invention.

p-0043Furthermore, the invention does not require that all the advantageous features and all the advantages need to be incorporated into every embodiment of the invention. Also, this partial list of advantages is not an exhaustive list or description of all of the advantages from the embodiments and versions of the present invention.

Closing

p-0044Many alterations and modifications may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it must be understood that the illustrated embodiment has been set forth only for the purposes of example and that it should not be taken as limiting the invention as defined by the following claims. For example, notwithstanding the fact that the elements of a claim are set forth below in a certain combination, it must be expressly understood that the invention includes other combinations of fewer, more or different elements, which are disclosed herein even when not initially claimed in such combinations. Where reference is made herein to a method comprising two or more defined steps, the defined steps can be carried out in any order or simultaneously (except where the context excludes that possibility), and the method can include one or more other steps which are carried out before any of the defined steps, between two of the defined steps, or after all the defined steps (except where the context excludes that possibility).

p-0045The words used in this specification to describe the invention and its various embodiments are to be understood not only in the sense of their commonly defined meanings, but to include by special definition in this specification structure, material or acts beyond the scope of the commonly defined meanings. Thus if an element can be understood in the context of this specification as including more than one meaning, then its use in a claim must be understood as being generic to all possible meanings supported by the specification and by the word itself.

p-0046The definitions of the words or elements of the following claims therefore include not only the combination of elements which are literally set forth, but all equivalent structure, material or acts for performing substantially the same function in substantially the same way to obtain substantially the same result. In this sense it is therefore contemplated that an equivalent substitution of two or more elements may be made for any one of the elements in the claims below or that a single element may be substituted for two or more elements in a claim. Although elements may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, it is to be expressly understood that one or more elements from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination and that the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.

p-0047Thus, specific embodiments and applications of the present invention have been disclosed. It should be apparent, however, to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Insubstantial changes from the claimed subject matter as viewed by a person with ordinary skill in the art, now known or later devised, are expressly contemplated as being equivalent within the scope of the claims. Therefore, obvious substitutions now or later known to one with ordinary skill in the art are defined to be within the scope of the defined elements. The claims are thus to be understood to include what is specifically illustrated and described above, what is conceptually equivalent, what can be obviously substituted and also what essentially incorporates the essential idea of the invention. In addition, where the specification and claims refer to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C . . . and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc.