Oil burner

Aug. 6, 1935.

2,010,403 (

K. E. LUNDBERG

OIL BURNER

Filed March 20, 1933

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Patented Aug. 6, 1935

2,010,403

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,010,403 OIL BURNER Karl Einar Lundberg, Uppsala, Sweden Application March 20, 1933, Serial No. 661,815 In Sweden October 11, 1932

Claims. (CI. 158—76)

The present invention relates to an improved oil burner and has for an object to provide a device constructed so as to permit a positive regulation of the length of the flame. Such a regu5 lation is of great importance, especially in connection with oil heated furnaces. In order to permit this regulating operation the burner according to this invention is provided with means to cause rotation of the combustion air at vari10 able speeds before the air is mixed with the oil.

In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a burner according to one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is sectional view on the line Π—II of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side 15 elevation of the burner, with part thereof in section.

The oil burner shown in the drawing comprises an inner stem I which is hollow to constitute an oil pipe, and a surrounding casing 2 which forms 2q a chamber to receive the combustion air. The hollow stem I carries at one end an oil admission pipe 3, outside the casing 2, and a needle valve 5 which may be operated from the outside by means of the handle 4 in order to control the connection 25 between the admission pipe 3 and the oil channel 6 of the stem I. At its other end the stem I is formed with a set of outlet orifices 7 which lead from the central channel 6 obliquely through the, preferably, conically tapering head 8 of the 30 stem. .

The casing 2 which forms an air chamber surrounding the stem I is provided with an air inlet 9 and affords an annular outlet opening 10 around the head 8 of the stem. The orifices 7 lead to 35 said opening.

Within the casing 2 around the stem I is a sleeve 11 forming between itself and the stem an annular space 12 which is closed at its rear end by the enlarged portion of the stem but is 40 completely open at its forward end, where it communicates with the outlet opening 10. At its forward end, the sleeve 11 carries an outwardly extending flange 13 which bears against the inner surface of the casing 2. Formed in the 45 sleeve I1 and its flange 13 are three sets of ports with the ports of each set spaced 90° apart around the sleeve and flange. In the first set the ports are radial, as shown at 14 in Fig. 2, in the second set they are obliquely directed, as shown at 15 in 50 Fig. 2, and in the third set they are approximately tangentially directed with respect to the space 12, as shown at 16 in Fig. 2. Rotatably mounted on the sleeve It is a second sleeve 17 which is provided at its forward end with an outwardly ex55 tending annular flange 18 bearing against the flange 13. In the sleeve 17 and its flange 18 there is a set of ports which are spaced 90° apart around sleeve 17 and its flange 18, the spacing being similar to that of the ports of each set of ports of the inner sleeve 11, as shown at 19 in Fig. 5 2. At its rear end the sleeve 17 is formed with a flange 20 bearing internally against the undivided portion of sleeve II and externally against the inner surface of casing 2. Acting on said flange 20 is a spring 30 which tends to displace the sleeve 10 17 forwards. Secured to the flange 20 is a threaded pin 21 which projects radially through a circumferentially extending slot 22 formed in the casing 2, Outside the casing said pin carries a nut 23 which may be tightened against the border jj of the slot 22 so as thereby to lock the sleeve 17 against rotation. In one side of said slot 22 there are three notches 24 which are situated at a mutual angular distance equal to that of the various sets of ports of the sleeve 11. The spring 20 30 permits displacement of sleeve 17 rearwardly in order to bring the pin 21 out of engagement with the notches and, after turning it to the next notch, cause it to engage therewith.

In the position shown in the drawing, Fig. 2, 25 the tangentially extending ports 16 are shown as coinciding with the ports 19 of sleeve 17. The air entering the casing 2 through the inlet 9 is thus caused to enter the space 12 and the space in front of the flange 13 in a tangential direction 30 and is thereby caused to rotate at a high speed around the stem 1 prior to its escape through the opening 10, where it is brought together with the oil discharged through the orifices 7. Said oil is, as a result, subjected to an effective atomiza- 35 tion and distribution, and the flame produced will consequently be spread, but short. After rotation of the sleeve 17 so as to cause the pin 21 to engage the central notch 24, the ports 19 will coincide with the less oblique ports 15 and, as a 40 result, the rotation of the air will be slower, and the flame will be less spread, but longer. After further rotation of sleeve 17 so as to cause the ports 19 to coincide with the radial ports 14, no positive rotation of the air will take place, and 45 the oil will, therefore, not be subjected to any proper distribution in this case but will form a long jet-shaped flame.

By adjustment of the sleeve 17 to intermediate positions a throttling or a complete suppression 50 of the flow of air may be effected according to the extent to which the ports 19 are caused to register with a set of ports of the inner sleeve, or are brought into positions opposite solid portions of sleeve 11. 55

2,010,403

In the embodiment above described the number and shape of the passages for the air may be different from what is shown in the drawing, without departing from the principle of the in5 vention.