Building construction

Aug. 6, 1935. h. _L dovell 2,010,294

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed May li, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 1

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Aug. 6, 1935.

2,010,294

H. L. DOVELL

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 17, 1933

Sheets-Sheet 2

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Aug. 6, 1935.

H. L. DOVELL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

2,010,294

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Patented Aug. 6, 1935

2,010,294

Claims.

This invention relates to an improved wall section and the method of using and assembling such . “V,,^{1011 t0 form} outer and inner walls, partitions ceilings and the like for use in combination with > an improved steel framework structure for buildings and the like.

It is an important object of this invention to the^VJnrm^anAf^mPfl^0Ved}^S?,^{e of buildin}e section in ^of.^{a danged block} open at either the ^b₁^{ack at the top} ““f bottom, and including a closure plate or panel adapted to be mnnntV? ^{the flanges af}ter the block is hint^Πί&lt;ί^{1Π b}°^S,^{ltlon t0 cIose} either the front or back of the block as the case may be.

It is also an object of this invention to provide an improved budding unit designed for use in combination with steel frame structures, said unit comprising a hollow block and a closure panel constructed of durable, light-weight waterproof and fireproof material having the In^{Of wood} Permitting the mater al to be cut or sawed and allowing nails, screws or other fastening means to be driven into the material for construction purposes and allow²⁵ to⁸fh^^ehnii^WUrw^P1v^tes °^{r paneIs to} h® fastened to the hollow blocks after the blocks have been mounted in position to form the major portion of an inner or outer wall or partition.

_nn. vJo I® k *if.^{ther object of thls} invention to pro^{ΰ0 of an} ^Proved composition fireproof^Γ h’⁵· ^{ght Weight}’ ^waterProof and fireproof, and having certain of the inherent properties of wood permitting the material to ^b® ^{cut and} sawed and allowing nails, screws and 35 other fastening means to be driven into the material whereby the block portions of the unit may «ti ™°^{unted in position} to form a wall or parM hT’ i°^ne/t^Ce °^{f which is open} and is adapted to be closed by means of closure plates or panels ⁴⁰ mountina^Paif^fc °^{f the Unit}’ ^rmitting convenient mounting of pipes, conduits, wires and the like A^{e paneIs are secured in} position and also permitting convenient and rapid access to the equipment enclosed by the wall section by the θ' bXmemS. θ' ^bOardS °^{r Panels from th}® v ^iS V^^{er object} °f ^this invention to provide a building unit comprising a grooved or channel-shaped block constructed of a composi50 tion material having certain of the inherent characteristics of wood, such block adapted to be mounted in position to partially surround or en^K„^qm?^{ment and frame membera} of a construction to permit the same to be substantial^ 5., concealed by means of a closure board orpJS

15'

2d io

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,010,294 building construction Harry L. Dovell, Chicago, m.

Application May 17, 1933, Serial No. 071,459 (Cl. 72—1) : other fastening* meaS^Xreby^toe o^’f ™ ^to “ for Sted^Pt^ ^closure P^els thereand Inner walls and partitions of the construe

MS

It is another object of this invention to provide an improved wall and o ? ^pro

SSrS'aSwSShe “ wiring,

E“⁰^. SS “i’g » ^^d ^K^{11 completin}g the walls by closing the onen movaht^ere°^{f by}. ^{means of} “ ΛΙΧ removably secured to the blocks to permit reaX S^hennX^^enclosedIn30 . “t:

^supported thereon, with said framework having associated therewith adjacently^o- qs „f‘°^{ned units C0}“Prtsing open faced tiles or blocks and closure plates or panels for position ^bF^{10CkS adapted} to be mounted in position adjacent one another to form open faced walls and partitions for the building permittine 4a Piping wiring, conduits and the like to ^dily enclosed or installed in the open tecS walls and partitions prior to the closing of the walls and partitions by means of the closure £tS or panels which are adapted to be removably se- 45 hhfrv ^s^^aggered relation with respect to the blocks to close the walls and partitions.

It is an important object of this invention to Provide an improved wall and method of con^w^^{hout the us}e of laths, plaster and 50 Dort n/’/^{aid WaU betag} tomed around a sSframework and comprising channelahn?Hn °^Γ °F? ^{faced tUes or blocks} mounted in to fo^^g interfitting relation with one another to form an open faced wall, said blocks being 56

2,010,284 floor line for connecting adjacent blocks together.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary vertical detail section taken on line IX—IX of Figure 8 illustrating the means for supporting and anchoring the 3 wall blocks to a base, foundation or floor, and to the end of an intermediate floor.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary vertical detail section through one story of a building illustrating a knockdown or movable type of adjustable par- 10 tition and the means for removably securing the same in position and adjusting the partition to compensate for variations in room height.

Figure 11 is a vertical detail section taken on line XI—XI of Figure 10. ¹³

As shown on the drawings.

As clearly illustrated in Figure 1, the reference numeral I indicates a basement floor beneath the level of a ground floor 2. Supported on the basement floor f at required intervals are 20 column foundation pedestals 3. Also supported on the basement floor ί and upon the ground floor 2 are foundation walls 4 and 5. Supported on the foundation pedestals 3 and upon the foundation walls 4 and 5 is a steel structure or 25 framework comprising columns 6 having secured or supported thereon cantilever floor sections 7. The vertical columns'6 and the cantilever floor sections 7 form column units having the adja- * cent column units connected by means of con- 33 necting floor sections 8. The connecting floor sections 8 on opposite sides of a room are connected by a main floor section consisting of adjacently positioned and connected inverted channel sections 9. ³⁴

The entire framework is constructed of metal comprising the cantilever column units and the connecting metal floor unit. The metal framework is first completely mounted in position on the foundation supports 3, 4 and 5. After the 40 metal framework has been assembled upon the foundation, the plumbing pipes 10, soil pipes 21, electric wiring, conduits and other simi'ar equipment may be conveniently mounted in position supported by the weight carrying framework. 45 The upper floor sections 8 and 9 and the lipper cantilever platforms 7 form a metal roof section. The metal columns 6 are provided with the cantilever platforms 7 secured thereto and spaced one above the other a distance depending upon the w height of the rooms of the building. The floor sections as well as the column units are adapted to be assembled as complete units at the factory and are shipped in sizes which may be conveniently handled at the building site. 35

One of the Important features of the construction is the new and novel bui’ding units out of which the outer and inner walls and partitions of the building are adapted to be conveniently and rapidly built. Each of the building units ¢0 comprises a tile or block comprising, in one of its forms, a main plate or panel II, side flanges 12 and 13 and an intermediate flange 14. As clearly illustrated in Figure 2, the flanges 12, 13 and 14 project from one surface of the plate or panel _M11 outwardly in parallel relation to form an open faced building tile or block of any desired length having the ends thereof in the form illustrated in Figure 2 open. The outer face of the side flange 12 is provided with a groove 15 while the ₇₀outer face of the flange 13 is provided with a rib or tongue 16. This construction permits adjacently positioned blocks to interfit one another. In Figure 7 a modified form of building tile or block is illustrated consisting of a main plate or ₇₅ secured In position by improved tie rods, hangers, anchoring means and the like, said walls and partitions furthermore adapted to have the lower margins finished or enclosed by means of base3 boards forming recesses or spaces for the reception of conduit, wiring and the like to permit the wiring and conduits to be directed up into the partitions and walls iii desired locations by the simple removal of the baseboards.

Another important object of the invention is the provision of a building partition constructed of improved building units consisting of channel-shaped or grooved blocks having open faces adapted to be closed by means of closure panels after the blocks are mounted in position to provide an open faced partition, said partition having the lower end thereof supported on an adjustable jack mechanism to permit the partitions to be conveniently adjusted to compensate for variations in the distances between the floors and ceilings, said partitions having the additional advantage of being readily dismembered and the various sections or parts thereof reused to provide a partition in a different location or if de25 sired permitting the entire partition to be conveniently shifted by removing the closure panels and releasing the upper and lower supports of the blocks. _x , . .

Other and further important objects of this 30 invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the specification and the accompanying drawThe invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more ³⁵ fully described.

On the drawings: .

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a building under constr .ction illustrating the improved building units and the method of 40 mounting the same in position associated with the building framework.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a wall constructed of improved open faced wall blocks and the closure 45 panels therefor.

Figure 3 is a vertical detail sectional view taken through a wall and floor section and illustrating the method of securing the ceiling panels in position and also showing the associated relation 50 of the walls with the floor and ceiling.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary horizontal detail section through a corner of the building ihystrating a wall having the open faced building blocks disposed on the inside and the closure 55 panels on the outside. .

Figure 5 illustrates another fragmentary horizontal section through intersecting walls of the building illustrating the positioning of a sou stack enclosed by a pair of oppositely directed 60 abutting blocks. ,,

Figure 6 illustrates a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the building taken through an I-beam column or upright illustrating a channelshaped block for enclosing the inner portion of 65 the I-beam column.

Figure 7 is another fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken through a comer of the building and illustrating a modified form of corner structure employing blocks, the outer sur70 faces of the outer flanges of which are plain.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary elevational view of the abutting upper and lower ends of two vertically aligned walls with portions of the wall closure plates or panels broken away to illustrate 75 the connecting or anchor rod construction at the

3,010,294 «’ ™ ^°⁸⁸⁸ '· ^{and an} intermediate '•i ^{type οί block is also of the open}

Ifl^{truction havlng plain} outer surfaces for t?^d While the two forms of build^are ^^“ted ^as having three projecting flanges, it will of course be understood tnat any number of flanges may be provided Associated with the building tiles or blocks are ™^{re Ρ}% °^r ,^{panels 20}· ¹⁷¹⁶ building tiles or blocks and the closure plates or panels therefor tof„^C°^nStr^{iCted of an} ^Proved light weight, waterproof and fireproof composition having a number of the inherent properties of wood permitting the material to be cut or sawed and also ^Ωα;^Π5/ ^¹^^{8 or other} fastening mea^ !?b® driven into the material for mounting the blocks and panels in position to form wall struc, ^e building. The tiles or blocks and the closure plates or panels therefor are preferably provided in ceiling-height lengths or greater so that shorter lengths may be cut therefrom on the construction job as required. The mate^th® building blocks and closure constructed is of light weight may be readily handled by workmen. The “narS^gbL^be/“i™^c*^ed?^{s s3mlIar to} that known ir

-J, Γ ^tbe apoboring clips to —---—j Xvx XXMAUXX or of a wall in proper position.

30'

35' βο of S*^{d t0 form th}® outer sides of the walls while the closure plates or panels th * ^iorm the finished inner walls of may t^sTd Jpit J?^{3ther type oi} construction may be used depending upon the design or construction selected by the architect

For the purpose of holding the adiacentlv m otSto ^bl0C? ^tightly oo^ed one to to viS with^WA^bS °^{Γ flanges of th}® blocks are proe££ theLT^e?o^^BS_th^{near the upper and 3}°wer enos tnereof for the reception of connpnt toeadeTfor^¹’-'¹⁸ ’t’· ^{the ends of which} ™ nuts 31 wh?Jh +^h Reception of washers 30 and nuts 12 ~?^{e her wlth right and lef}t sleeve nuts 32, connecting adjoining threaded ends of 15 rigidly holdirtff nrii’ ^4-^i an arrangement for tenedtoge^P£^{g buUdtog blocks fas}’

As clearly illustrated in Figures 3 and q μ,ο rZcSSSlhl? ^mrw:'⁷·'» as ^{d the}5^et0 outwardly projecting flanges 33 having openings therein at spaced interval's for the reception of hook bolts ^4 having to sothattolong iengi^^ ΛΛ^,®?⁸^ over theTwer St may be readily handled by workmen. The par- permits the^nwlr V ^a,^wa11· ^Thls equipment 25 ticular material of which the blocks and panels Zd to thl ^L⁶?!^{8 Oi th}® ^{blocks to} be anmight be const.mnieH ic to the metal floor structure αι«λ an ___ 1· 4· Ί ® th^orn^™ t®^{d 3n} the lower portion of Figure 9 35 provided to thAfnn ?x^^{re engaged} m T-slots 39 provided in the foundation. The T-head halts ™ are engaged through anchoring clips 39 hl^n* moved oK ^{bemg Shifted or}

5½ ^ui: s £ ξ ^{40 Upon th}® ^{top sur}lace of the metal framework floor formed hv to members 7, S and 9. On top of the “yer of fl^or insulation 40 the flooring 4 i is placed al^{ce333ngs of} fbe rooms of the building are constructed out of the plates or pSs 20 which are secured in position by nails or screws driven _lnto blocks 42 or 43 whic^i are constructed ^{matenal of} which the building

ΪΚ rthXuf^UCted· ^clear3y floated wi«A^At’oi^hl n^Ui J ^supporting blocks 43 mlterto? ™^ell which is filled with the specie A^Zdh¹?®^®¹].^{1118 supportin}S blocks 42 and 43 are adjustably hung in pc ' hook bolts 34 which are hoebolts 44 which are engaged

Welch, Patent Να 1,626,577, α£>λ ί ,

M„f?^annel'x^{Shaped open iaced} building tiles or M°^ck® ^constructed of the selected material referred to or of a similar material having the required characteristics hereinbefore referred to Ti^^Phi^efeJ^{ably furnlshed In fl}oor or story heights. ^Tbe blocks are mounted adjacent one another in abutting relation with the first floor or lower blocks supported on the foundation walls while the upper story walls are formed by supporting tha ^the Mocks on the upper ends of the lower b.ocks. Single channel blocks 22 such as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, may be used in abutting pairs as shown in Figure 5 to surm^^-x¹^¹¹⁰³⁰⁸® *^he soil stack or pipe 21 or as wZwiSv^® ?^ne °^{f the shlgl}® channel blocks 22 may be used to enclose one side of one of the framework columns 6. Window openings o? *Χ°°^{Γ opening 24 ma}y be cut in the blocks hLte ^mconvenient shorter lengths of the blocks may be used as illustrated in Figure 1 to ^provide the required window or door openings.™ ^C°^{rnerS Oi 016} building hollow corner blocks 25 are provided, as illustrated in Figure 4, for enclosing the tubular steel comer columns 21 or any other type of comer columns which ¹¹¹ i^{he iramework}- As also illustrated in Figure 4, a comer strip or panel 27 constructed of the special material is used to form a closure for the column and a connection h®³™®^{11 th}® ^end blocks of the walls.

Where a comer construction is provided snrh “fc' Ul«ratad,. the walls are adapted to overlap and an anile cross-sectioned corner block or strip 20 is used τ ^{m wh}“«“ &lt;^«« pJS or panels 20 are adapted to abut

It will be noted that in figures, such as Figures* and 7, the improved building blocks are ^t0^ ^{f0nn the} buier sides of the walls WtlilA t.hp Afltov· xv-_ - .. _ ^C wuue

-----——— V* v**v VYOAli and ^^{re plates or panels 21} Xu figures 1 and 2 the construction is shown wheretothe comspecial .tion by means of s over supporting

Provided in the downwardly pro7ecting^Pfenges of the metal finnr « ⁵ iid.uj,es an angle * ^{FigUre a modifi}ed fastenI is Z! 5^{g d}®^yi_mftVb^{0Wn Whereby th}® ^3ower margins

Oi s wall may be secured to the floor. The wall

XlT?· · -·“^{ctel ,s} ” whU. the outer ” ....... »2 wartuy to provide supporting shoulders 47 to 75 of the metal floor sections 9.

',294 stood that the improved material may be colored as desired so that panels and blocks of desired colors may be used for producing rooms or outer walls of selected colors. The wall blocks and panels may furthermore have embossed or 5 embedded designs formed in the exposed surfaces thereof so that decorative effects may be produced.

Referring to Figure 1, the building construction is adapted to use the upper metal floor io framework section as a steel roof deck which is adapted to be covered with cork or other selected material 59 over which pairs of roofing material 60 are placed. The walls of the upper floor of the building construction are permitted to 15 project a short distance above the roof to form a coping wall the upper ends of which are covered by cast coping tiles 61 constructed of the special material of which the building wall blocks and panels are constructed. The window open- 20 ings 23 and the door openings 24 located as desired are adapted to have the window frames and door frame secured therein.

The improved building units consisting of the blocks 11 of special material and the closure pan- 25 els or plates therefor are novel not only in that they are constructed of the special material having a number of the inherent characteristics of wood but said building units further permit the building blocks to be assembled and connected 30 to form an open faced wall around the building frame members and around the conduits, pipes, wiring and the like, before it becomes necessary to close the walls by means of the closure plates or panels. This novel construction is new in the 35 art of building and permits ready access to be had to the equipment within the open walls during the period of construction. The arrangement also permits convenient access to be had to the equipment within the walls after the ₄θ building is completed by the simple removal of the required wall panels.

It will, of course, be understood that various details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the princi- ₄₅pies of this invention and it is, therefore, not the purpose to limit the patent granted hereon otherwise than is necessitated by the scope of the appended claims.